CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Brabham - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"c14bd00c-cec8-42bf-9fe6-c8018558c147","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Brabham","wgTitle":"Brabham","wgCurRevisionId":1255768997,"wgRevisionId":1255768997,"wgArticleId":4996,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 Swedish-language sources (sv)","Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use dmy dates from December 2021","Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from December 2021","Articles containing potentially dated statements from January 2023","All articles containing potentially dated statements","Commons link from Wikidata", "Use British English from August 2010","British auto racing teams","British racecar constructors","Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of England","Formula One constructors","Formula Two constructors","Formula One entrants","Formula Two entrants","Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1960","Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1992","1960 establishments in England","1992 disestablishments in England","Auto racing teams established in 1960","Auto racing teams disestablished in 1992","Formula One World Constructors' Champions","British Formula Three teams","Formula Three constructors"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Brabham","wgRelevantArticleId":4996,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}}, "wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":80000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q173103","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready", "user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface", "ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Brabham - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Brabham rootpage-Brabham skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Brabham" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Brabham" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Brabham" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Brabham" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Origins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Origins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Racing_history—Formula_One" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Racing_history—Formula_One"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Racing history—Formula One</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Racing_history—Formula_One-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Racing history—Formula One subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Racing_history—Formula_One-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Jack_Brabham_and_Ron_Tauranac_(1961–1970)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jack_Brabham_and_Ron_Tauranac_(1961–1970)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Jack Brabham and Ron Tauranac (1961–1970)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jack_Brabham_and_Ron_Tauranac_(1961–1970)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ron_Tauranac_(1971)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ron_Tauranac_(1971)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Ron Tauranac (1971)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ron_Tauranac_(1971)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bernie_Ecclestone_(1972–1988)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bernie_Ecclestone_(1972–1988)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Bernie Ecclestone (1972–1988)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bernie_Ecclestone_(1972–1988)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Joachim_Lüthi_(1989)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Joachim_Lüthi_(1989)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Joachim Lüthi (1989)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Joachim_Lüthi_(1989)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middlebridge_Racing_(1989–1992)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middlebridge_Racing_(1989–1992)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Middlebridge Racing (1989–1992)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middlebridge_Racing_(1989–1992)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Motor_Racing_Developments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Motor_Racing_Developments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Motor Racing Developments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Motor_Racing_Developments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Racing_history—other_categories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Racing_history—other_categories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Racing history—other categories</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Racing_history—other_categories-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Racing history—other categories subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Racing_history—other_categories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-IndyCar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IndyCar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>IndyCar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IndyCar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formula_Two" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formula_Two"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Formula Two</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formula_Two-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formula_Three" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formula_Three"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Formula Three</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formula_Three-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formula_5000" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formula_5000"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Formula 5000</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formula_5000-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports_cars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports_cars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Sports cars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports_cars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Technical_innovation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Technical_innovation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Technical innovation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Technical_innovation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Controversy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_use_of_the_Brabham_name" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_use_of_the_Brabham_name"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Later use of the Brabham name</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Later_use_of_the_Brabham_name-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Later use of the Brabham name subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Later_use_of_the_Brabham_name-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Revival_attempts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revival_attempts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Revival attempts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Revival_attempts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brabham_Racing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brabham_Racing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Brabham Racing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brabham_Racing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Championship_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Championship_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Championship results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Championship_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Brabham</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham_Racing_Organisation" title="Brabham Racing Organisation – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Brabham Racing Organisation" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brebem_(Formula-1_komandas%C4%B1)" title="Brebem (Formula-1 komandası) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Brebem (Formula-1 komandası)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Брабам – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Брабам" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BC" title="Μπράμπαμ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπράμπαμ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham_Racing_Organisation" title="Brabham Racing Organisation – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Brabham Racing Organisation" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham_Racing_Organisation" title="Brabham Racing Organisation – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Brabham Racing Organisation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%83%90%E3%83%A0" title="ブラバム – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブラバム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BC_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8B-1)" title="Брэбем (команда Формулы-1) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Брэбем (команда Формулы-1)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Brabham" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%BC%A2%E5%A7%86" title="布拉漢姆 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="布拉漢姆" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q173103#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Brabham" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Brabham" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Brabham"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Brabham"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Brabham" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Brabham" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&oldid=1255768997" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Brabham&id=1255768997&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBrabham"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBrabham"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Brabham&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Brabham_Racing_Organisation" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q173103" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British racing car manufacturer and Formula One racing team</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Formula One team. For people with the surname, see <a href="/wiki/Brabham_(surname)" title="Brabham (surname)">Brabham (surname)</a>. For the place in Australia, see <a href="/wiki/Brabham,_Western_Australia" title="Brabham, Western Australia">Brabham, Western Australia</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Brabham_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Brabham (disambiguation)">Brabham (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title">Brabham</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brabham91.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/53/Brabham91.png" decoding="async" width="105" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="105" data-file-height="120" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Full name</th><td class="infobox-data fn org">Motor Racing Developments, Ltd.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Base</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Chessington" title="Chessington">Chessington</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (1962–1989) <br /> <a href="/wiki/Milton_Keynes" title="Milton Keynes">Milton Keynes</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (1990–1992)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder(s)</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Brabham" title="Jack Brabham">Jack Brabham</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ron_Tauranac" title="Ron Tauranac">Ron Tauranac</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Noted staff</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Ecclestone" title="Bernie Ecclestone">Bernie Ecclestone</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Murray" title="Gordon Murray">Gordon Murray</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ron_Dennis" title="Ron Dennis">Ron Dennis</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Whiting" title="Charlie Whiting">Charlie Whiting</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Judd" title="John Judd">John Judd</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Herbie_Blash" title="Herbie Blash">Herbie Blash</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Noted drivers</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jack_Brabham" title="Jack Brabham">Jack Brabham</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dan_Gurney" title="Dan Gurney">Dan Gurney</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand"><img alt="New Zealand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Denny_Hulme" title="Denny Hulme">Denny Hulme</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jochen_Rindt" title="Jochen Rindt">Jochen Rindt</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jacky_Ickx" title="Jacky Ickx">Jacky Ickx</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland"><img alt="Switzerland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Silvio_Moser" title="Silvio Moser">Silvio Moser</a><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Graham_Hill" title="Graham Hill">Graham Hill</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina"><img alt="Argentina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Reutemann" title="Carlos Reutemann">Carlos Reutemann</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Niki_Lauda" title="Niki Lauda">Niki Lauda</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil"><img alt="Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Piquet" title="Nelson Piquet">Nelson Piquet</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Patrese" title="Riccardo Patrese">Riccardo Patrese</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elio_de_Angelis" title="Elio de Angelis">Elio de Angelis</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Derek_Warwick" title="Derek Warwick">Derek Warwick</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Stefano_Modena" title="Stefano Modena">Stefano Modena</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Brundle" title="Martin Brundle">Martin Brundle</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/David_Brabham" title="David Brabham">David Brabham</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Damon_Hill" title="Damon Hill">Damon Hill</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9ctor_Rebaque" title="Héctor Rebaque">Héctor Rebaque</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/John_Watson_(racing_driver)" title="John Watson (racing driver)">John Watson</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil"><img alt="Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Pace" title="Carlos Pace">Carlos Pace</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: gainsboro;"><a href="/wiki/Formula_One" title="Formula One">Formula One</a> World Championship career</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First entry</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/1962_German_Grand_Prix" title="1962 German Grand Prix">1962 German Grand Prix</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Races entered</th><td class="infobox-data">403 entries (394 starts)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Engines</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Coventry_Climax" title="Coventry Climax">Climax</a>, <a href="/wiki/Repco" title="Repco">Repco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_in_Formula_One" title="Alfa Romeo in Formula One">Alfa Romeo</a>, <a href="/wiki/BMW_in_Formula_One" title="BMW in Formula One">BMW</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judd_(engine)" title="Judd (engine)">Judd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yamaha_Motor_Company" title="Yamaha Motor Company">Yamaha</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Constructors%27_Champions" title="List of Formula One World Constructors' Champions">Constructors'<br />Championships</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2 (<a href="/wiki/1966_Formula_One_season" title="1966 Formula One season">1966</a>, <a href="/wiki/1967_Formula_One_season" title="1967 Formula One season">1967</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Drivers%27_Champions" title="List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions">Drivers'<br />Championships</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4 (<a href="/wiki/1966_Formula_One_season" title="1966 Formula One season">1966</a>, <a href="/wiki/1967_Formula_One_season" title="1967 Formula One season">1967</a>, <a href="/wiki/1981_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1981 Formula One World Championship">1981</a>, <a href="/wiki/1983_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1983 Formula One World Championship">1983</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_Grand_Prix_winners_(constructors)" title="List of Formula One Grand Prix winners (constructors)">Race victories</a></th><td class="infobox-data">35</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Podiums</th><td class="infobox-data">120</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Points</th><td class="infobox-data">832</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Pole_position" title="Pole position">Pole positions</a></th><td class="infobox-data">40</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Fastest_lap" title="Fastest lap">Fastest laps</a></th><td class="infobox-data">41<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Final entry</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/1992_Hungarian_Grand_Prix" title="1992 Hungarian Grand Prix">1992 Hungarian Grand Prix</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Motor Racing Developments Ltd.</b>, commonly known as <b>Brabham</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/əm/: 'm' in 'rhythm'">əm</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">BRAB</span>-əm</i></a>), was a British <a href="/wiki/Race_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Race car">racing car</a> manufacturer and <a href="/wiki/Formula_One" title="Formula One">Formula One</a> racing team. It was founded in 1960 by the Australian driver <a href="/wiki/Jack_Brabham" title="Jack Brabham">Jack Brabham</a> and the British-Australian designer <a href="/wiki/Ron_Tauranac" title="Ron Tauranac">Ron Tauranac</a>. The team had a successful thirty-year history, winning four <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_Internationale_de_l%27Automobile" title="Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile">FIA</a> <a href="/wiki/Formula_One" title="Formula One">Formula One</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Drivers%27_Champions" title="List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions">Drivers'</a> and two <a href="/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Constructors%27_Champions" title="List of Formula One World Constructors' Champions">Constructors'</a> World Championships, starting with two successive wins in 1966 and 1967. Jack Brabham's 1966 Drivers' Championship remains the only such achievement using a car bearing the driver's own name. </p><p>During the 1960s, Brabham was the world's largest manufacturer of <a href="/wiki/Open_wheel_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Open wheel car">open-wheel racing cars</a> sold to customer teams, having built more than 500 cars by 1970. Teams using Brabham cars also won championships in <a href="/wiki/Formula_Two" title="Formula Two">Formula Two</a> and <a href="/wiki/Formula_Three" title="Formula Three">Formula Three</a>, and the cars competed in events like the <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_500" title="Indianapolis 500">Indianapolis 500</a> and <a href="/wiki/Formula_5000" title="Formula 5000">Formula 5000</a> racing. In the 1970s and 1980s, Brabham introduced innovations such as carbon brakes and <a href="/wiki/Hydropneumatic_suspension" title="Hydropneumatic suspension">hydropneumatic suspension</a>, and reintroduced <a href="/wiki/Pit_stop#Refuelling" title="Pit stop">in-race refuelling</a>. Its unique <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Murray" title="Gordon Murray">Gordon Murray</a>-designed '<a href="/wiki/Fan_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Fan car">fan car</a>' won its only race before being withdrawn. </p><p>The team won two more Formula One Drivers' Championships in the 1980s with Brazilian <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Piquet" title="Nelson Piquet">Nelson Piquet</a>. He won his first championship in <a href="/wiki/1981_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1981 Formula One World Championship">1981</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Ground_effect_(cars)" title="Ground effect (cars)">ground effect</a> <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT49" title="Brabham BT49">BT49</a>-<a href="/wiki/Cosworth_DFV" title="Cosworth DFV">Ford</a>, and became the first to win a Drivers' Championship with a <a href="/wiki/Turbocharger" title="Turbocharger">turbocharged</a> car, in <a href="/wiki/1983_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1983 Formula One World Championship">1983</a>. In 1983, the <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT52" title="Brabham BT52">Brabham BT52</a>, driven by Piquet and <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Patrese" title="Riccardo Patrese">Riccardo Patrese</a> and was powered by <a href="/wiki/BMW_M12" title="BMW M12">BMW's M12</a> <a href="/wiki/Straight-four_engine" title="Straight-four engine">straight-four engine</a>, secured four of the Brabham's thirty-five Grand Prix victories. </p><p>The businessman <a href="/wiki/Bernie_Ecclestone" title="Bernie Ecclestone">Bernie Ecclestone</a> owned Brabham during most of the 1970s and 1980s, and later became responsible for administering the commercial aspects of Formula One. Ecclestone sold the team in 1988. Its last owner was the Middlebridge Group, a Japanese engineering firm. Midway through the <a href="/wiki/1992_Formula_One_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1992 Formula One season">1992 season</a>, the team collapsed financially as Middlebridge was unable to make repayments against loans provided by Landhurst Leasing. The case was investigated by the United Kingdom <a href="/wiki/Serious_Fraud_Office_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Serious Fraud Office (UK)">Serious Fraud Office</a>. In 2009, a German organisation unsuccessfully attempted to enter the <a href="/wiki/2010_Formula_One_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 Formula One season">2010 Formula One season</a> using the Brabham name. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BrabhamJack1966B.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Photograph of Jack Brabham in 1966" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BrabhamJack1966B.jpg/180px-BrabhamJack1966B.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BrabhamJack1966B.jpg/270px-BrabhamJack1966B.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BrabhamJack1966B.jpg/360px-BrabhamJack1966B.jpg 2x" data-file-width="774" data-file-height="1090" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jack_Brabham" title="Jack Brabham">Jack Brabham</a> was 40 when he won the F1 drivers' title in a Brabham car</figcaption></figure> <p>The Brabham team was founded by <a href="/wiki/Jack_Brabham" title="Jack Brabham">Jack Brabham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ron_Tauranac" title="Ron Tauranac">Ron Tauranac</a>, who met in 1951 while both were successfully building and racing cars in their native Australia. Brabham, who was a highly successful <a href="/wiki/Dirt_track_racing" title="Dirt track racing">dirt oval speedway</a> <a href="/wiki/Midget_car_racing" title="Midget car racing">Speedcar</a> driver with multiple <a href="/wiki/Australian_Speedcar_Championship" title="Australian Speedcar Championship">Australian national</a> and state titles to his credit before moving full time into road racing in 1953, was the more successful driver and went to the United Kingdom in 1955 to further his racing career. There he started driving for the <a href="/wiki/Cooper_Car_Company" title="Cooper Car Company">Cooper Car Company</a> works team and by 1958 had progressed with them to <a href="/wiki/Formula_One" title="Formula One">Formula One</a>, the highest category of <a href="/wiki/Open-wheel_racing" class="mw-redirect" title="Open-wheel racing">open-wheel racing</a> defined by the <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_Internationale_de_l%27Automobile" title="Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile">Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile</a> (FIA), motor sport's world governing body<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/1959_Formula_One_season" title="1959 Formula One season">1959</a> and <a href="/wiki/1960_Formula_One_season" title="1960 Formula One season">1960</a>, Brabham won the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Drivers%27_Champions" title="List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions">Formula One World Drivers' Championship</a> in Cooper's revolutionary <a href="/wiki/Mid-engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Mid-engine">mid-engined</a> cars.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite their innovation of putting the engine behind the driver, the Coopers and their chief designer, <a href="/wiki/Owen_Maddock" title="Owen Maddock">Owen Maddock</a>, were generally resistant to developing their cars. Brabham pushed for further advances, and played a significant role in developing Cooper's highly successful 1960 T53 "lowline" car, with input from his friend Tauranac.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brabham was confident he could do better than Cooper, and in late 1959 he asked Tauranac to come to the UK and work with him, initially producing upgrade kits for <a href="/wiki/Sunbeam_Rapier" title="Sunbeam Rapier">Sunbeam Rapier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Triumph_Herald" title="Triumph Herald">Triumph Herald</a> road cars at his car dealership, Jack Brabham Motors, but with the long-term aim of designing racing cars.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brabham describes Tauranac as "absolutely the only bloke I'd have gone into partnership with".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, Brabham offered a Coventry-Climax FWE-engined version of the Herald, with 83 hp (62 kW) and uprated suspension to match the extra power.<sup id="cite_ref-IMSblunsden_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMSblunsden-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BrabhamJack19650801S%C3%BCdkehre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A mid-engined single-seater racing car with no aerodynamic wings" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/BrabhamJack19650801S%C3%BCdkehre.jpg/220px-BrabhamJack19650801S%C3%BCdkehre.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/BrabhamJack19650801S%C3%BCdkehre.jpg/330px-BrabhamJack19650801S%C3%BCdkehre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/BrabhamJack19650801S%C3%BCdkehre.jpg/440px-BrabhamJack19650801S%C3%BCdkehre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1890" data-file-height="1235" /></a><figcaption>Brabham in a 1965 Grand Prix car</figcaption></figure> <p>To meet that aim, Brabham and Tauranac set up Motor Racing Developments Ltd. (MRD), deliberately avoiding the use of either man's name. The new company would compete with Cooper in the market for customer racing cars. As Brabham was still employed by Cooper, Tauranac produced the first <b>MRD car</b>, for the entry level <a href="/wiki/Formula_Junior" title="Formula Junior">Formula Junior</a> class, in secrecy. Unveiled in the summer of 1961, the "MRD" was soon renamed. Motoring journalist <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Crombac" title="Gérard Crombac">Jabby Crombac</a> pointed out that "[the] way a Frenchman pronounces those initials—written phonetically, 'em air day'—sounded perilously like the French word... <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/merde" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:merde">merde</a>.</i>"<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gavin Youl achieved a second-place finish at Goodwood and another at <a href="/wiki/Mallory_Park" title="Mallory Park">Mallory Park</a> in the MRD-Ford.<sup id="cite_ref-IMS162_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMS162-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cars were subsequently known as Brabhams, with type numbers starting with BT for "Brabham Tauranac".<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the <a href="/wiki/1961_Formula_One_season" title="1961 Formula One season">1961 Formula One season</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Team_Lotus" title="Team Lotus">Lotus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a> teams had developed the mid-engined approach further than Cooper. Brabham had a poor season, scoring only four points, and—having run his own private Coopers in non-championship events during 1961—left the company in 1962 to drive for his own team: the Brabham Racing Organisation, using cars built by Motor Racing Developments.<sup id="cite_ref-Law31_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Law31-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team was based at <a href="/wiki/Chessington" title="Chessington">Chessington</a>, England<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and held the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_constructors#Team's_nationality" title="List of Formula One constructors">British licence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Racing_history—Formula_One"><span id="Racing_history.E2.80.94Formula_One"></span>Racing history—Formula One</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Racing history—Formula One"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jack_Brabham_and_Ron_Tauranac_(1961–1970)"><span id="Jack_Brabham_and_Ron_Tauranac_.281961.E2.80.931970.29"></span>Jack Brabham and Ron Tauranac (1961–1970)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Jack Brabham and Ron Tauranac (1961–1970)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brabham_BT3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A mid-engined single-seater racing car with no aerodynamic wings" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Brabham_BT3.jpg/220px-Brabham_BT3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Brabham_BT3.jpg/330px-Brabham_BT3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Brabham_BT3.jpg/440px-Brabham_BT3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT3" title="Brabham BT3">Brabham BT3</a>, the first Brabham Formula One design</figcaption></figure> <p>Motor Racing Developments initially concentrated on making money by building cars for sale to customers in lower formulae, so the new car for the Formula One team was not ready until partway through the <a href="/wiki/1962_Formula_One_season" title="1962 Formula One season">1962 Formula One season</a>. The Brabham Racing Organisation (BRO) started the year fielding a customer Lotus chassis, which was delivered at 3am to keep it a secret.<sup id="cite_ref-IMS162_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMS162-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brabham took two points finishes in Lotuses, before the turquoise-<a href="/wiki/Livery" title="Livery">liveried</a> Brabham BT3 car made its debut at the <a href="/wiki/1962_German_Grand_Prix" title="1962 German Grand Prix">1962 German Grand Prix</a>. It retired with a <a href="/wiki/Throttle" title="Throttle">throttle</a> problem after 9 of the 15 laps, but went on to take a pair of fourth places at the end of the season.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the <a href="/wiki/1963_Formula_One_season" title="1963 Formula One season">1963 season</a>, Brabham was partnered by American driver <a href="/wiki/Dan_Gurney" title="Dan Gurney">Dan Gurney</a>, the pair now running in Australia's <a href="/wiki/List_of_international_auto_racing_colors" class="mw-redirect" title="List of international auto racing colors">racing colours</a> of green and gold.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brabham took the team's first win at the non-championship <a href="/wiki/Solituderennen" title="Solituderennen">Solitude Grand Prix</a> in 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gurney took the <a href="/wiki/Marque" class="mw-redirect" title="Marque">marque</a>'s first two wins in the world championship, at the 1964 <a href="/wiki/1964_French_Grand_Prix" title="1964 French Grand Prix">French</a> and <a href="/wiki/1964_Mexican_Grand_Prix" title="1964 Mexican Grand Prix">Mexican</a> Grands Prix. Brabham works and customer cars took another three non-championship wins during the <a href="/wiki/1964_Formula_One_season" title="1964 Formula One season">1964 season</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/1965_Formula_One_season" title="1965 Formula One season">1965 season</a> was less successful, with no championship wins. Brabham finished third or fourth in the Constructors' Championship for three years running, but poor reliability marred promising performances on several occasions. Motor sport authors Mike Lawrence and David Hodges have said that a lack of resources may have cost the team results, a view echoed by Tauranac.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:322px;max-width:322px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:171px;max-width:171px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:118px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brabham_racing_organisation_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/1c/Brabham_racing_organisation_logo.png" decoding="async" width="169" height="118" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="70" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The Brabham Racing Organisation entered the "works" cars until 1968.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:147px;max-width:147px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:118px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Repco_brabham_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d1/Repco_brabham_logo.png/145px-Repco_brabham_logo.png" decoding="async" width="145" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d1/Repco_brabham_logo.png/218px-Repco_brabham_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d1/Repco_brabham_logo.png/290px-Repco_brabham_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="284" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The Repco Brabham logo from the 1960s, illustrating the joint branding of the period</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The FIA doubled the Formula One engine capacity limit to 3 litres for the <a href="/wiki/1966_Formula_One_season" title="1966 Formula One season">1966 season</a> and suitable engines were scarce. Brabham used engines from Australian engineering firm <a href="/wiki/Repco" title="Repco">Repco</a>, which had never produced a Formula One engine before, based on aluminium V8 <a href="/wiki/Engine_block" title="Engine block">engine blocks</a> from the defunct American <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile">Oldsmobile</a> F85 road car project, and other off-the-shelf parts.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Consulting and design engineer <a href="/wiki/Phil_Irving" title="Phil Irving">Phil Irving</a> (of <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Motorcycle" class="mw-redirect" title="Vincent Motorcycle">Vincent Motorcycle</a> fame) was the project engineer responsible for producing the initial version of the engine. Few expected the Brabham-Repcos to be competitive,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the light and reliable cars ran at the front from the start of the season. At the <a href="/wiki/1966_French_Grand_Prix" title="1966 French Grand Prix">French Grand Prix</a> at <a href="/wiki/Reims-Gueux" title="Reims-Gueux">Reims-Gueux</a>, Brabham became the first man to win a Formula One world championship race in a car bearing his own name. Only his former teammate, <a href="/wiki/Bruce_McLaren" title="Bruce McLaren">Bruce McLaren</a>, has since matched the achievement. It was the first in a run of four straight wins for the Australian veteran. Brabham won his third title in 1966, becoming the only driver to win the Formula One World Championship in a car carrying his own name (<i>cf</i> <a href="/wiki/Surtees_Racing_Organisation" title="Surtees Racing Organisation">Surtees</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hill_(constructor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hill (constructor)">Hill</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fittipaldi_Automotive" title="Fittipaldi Automotive">Fittipaldi Automotive</a>). In <a href="/wiki/1967_Formula_One_season" title="1967 Formula One season">1967</a>, the title went to Brabham's teammate, New Zealander <a href="/wiki/Denny_Hulme" title="Denny Hulme">Denny Hulme</a>. Hulme had better reliability through the year, possibly due to Brabham's desire to try new parts first.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Brabham team took the Constructors' World Championship in both years.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1970_Brands_Hatch_Race_of_Champions_Jack_Brabham_BT33.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A mid-engined single-seater racing car with modest aerodynamic wings" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/1970_Brands_Hatch_Race_of_Champions_Jack_Brabham_BT33.jpg/220px-1970_Brands_Hatch_Race_of_Champions_Jack_Brabham_BT33.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/1970_Brands_Hatch_Race_of_Champions_Jack_Brabham_BT33.jpg/330px-1970_Brands_Hatch_Race_of_Champions_Jack_Brabham_BT33.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/1970_Brands_Hatch_Race_of_Champions_Jack_Brabham_BT33.jpg/440px-1970_Brands_Hatch_Race_of_Champions_Jack_Brabham_BT33.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="628" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT33" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT33">Brabham BT33</a>. Technically conservative, Brabham did not produce a <a href="/wiki/Monocoque" title="Monocoque">monocoque</a> car until 1970.</figcaption></figure> <p>For <a href="/wiki/1968_Formula_One_season" title="1968 Formula One season">1968</a>, Austrian <a href="/wiki/Jochen_Rindt" title="Jochen Rindt">Jochen Rindt</a> replaced Hulme, who had left to join <a href="/wiki/McLaren" title="McLaren">McLaren</a>. Repco produced a more powerful version of their V8 to maintain competitiveness against Ford's new <a href="/wiki/Cosworth_DFV" title="Cosworth DFV">Cosworth DFV</a>, but it proved very unreliable. Slow communications between the UK and Australia had always made identifying and correcting problems very difficult. The car was fast—Rindt set <a href="/wiki/Pole_position" title="Pole position">pole position</a> twice during the season—but Brabham and Rindt finished only three races between them, and ended the year with only ten points.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although Brabham bought Cosworth DFV engines for the <a href="/wiki/1969_Formula_One_season" title="1969 Formula One season">1969 season</a>, Rindt left to join Lotus. His replacement, <a href="/wiki/Jacky_Ickx" title="Jacky Ickx">Jacky Ickx</a>, had a strong second half to the season, winning in <a href="/wiki/1969_German_Grand_Prix" title="1969 German Grand Prix">Germany</a> and <a href="/wiki/1969_Canadian_Grand_Prix" title="1969 Canadian Grand Prix">Canada</a>, after Brabham was sidelined by a testing accident.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ickx finished second in the Drivers' Championship, with 37 points to <a href="/wiki/Jackie_Stewart" title="Jackie Stewart">Jackie Stewart</a>'s 63. Brabham himself took a couple of pole positions and two top-3 finishes, but did not finish half the races. The team were second in the Constructors' Championship, aided by second places at <a href="/wiki/1969_Monaco_Grand_Prix" title="1969 Monaco Grand Prix">Monaco</a> and <a href="/wiki/1969_United_States_Grand_Prix" title="1969 United States Grand Prix">Watkins Glen</a> scored by <a href="/wiki/Piers_Courage" title="Piers Courage">Piers Courage</a>, driving a Brabham for the <a href="/wiki/Frank_Williams_Racing_Cars" title="Frank Williams Racing Cars">Frank Williams Racing Cars</a> privateer squad.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Brabham took his last win in the opening race of the <a href="/wiki/1970_Formula_One_season" title="1970 Formula One season">1970 season</a> and was competitive throughout the year, although mechanical failures blunted his challenge.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After losing secured victories in the last corner at both Monaco and England, Jack decided he had had enough, and sold his part in the company to former Jochen Rindt manager, a businessman named Bernie Ecclestone, at the end of the year. Aided by number-two driver <a href="/wiki/Rolf_Stommelen" title="Rolf Stommelen">Rolf Stommelen</a>, the team came fourth in the Constructors' Championship.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ron_Tauranac_(1971)"><span id="Ron_Tauranac_.281971.29"></span>Ron Tauranac (1971)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ron Tauranac (1971)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1971_Race_of_Champions_G_Hill_Brabham_BT34.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A mid-engined single-seater racing car with large aerodynamic wings" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/1971_Race_of_Champions_G_Hill_Brabham_BT34.jpg/220px-1971_Race_of_Champions_G_Hill_Brabham_BT34.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/1971_Race_of_Champions_G_Hill_Brabham_BT34.jpg/330px-1971_Race_of_Champions_G_Hill_Brabham_BT34.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/1971_Race_of_Champions_G_Hill_Brabham_BT34.jpg/440px-1971_Race_of_Champions_G_Hill_Brabham_BT34.jpg 2x" data-file-width="508" data-file-height="340" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT34" title="Brabham BT34">Brabham BT34</a>. <a href="/wiki/Graham_Hill" title="Graham Hill">Graham Hill</a> took his final Formula One win in the non-championship <a href="/wiki/BRDC_International_Trophy" title="BRDC International Trophy">BRDC International Trophy</a> at <a href="/wiki/Silverstone_Circuit" title="Silverstone Circuit">Silverstone</a>.</figcaption></figure><p>Tauranac signed double world champion <a href="/wiki/Graham_Hill" title="Graham Hill">Graham Hill</a> and young Australian <a href="/wiki/Tim_Schenken" title="Tim Schenken">Tim Schenken</a> to drive for the <a href="/wiki/1971_Formula_One_season" title="1971 Formula One season">1971 season</a>. Tauranac designed the unusual 'lobster claw' <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT34" title="Brabham BT34">BT34</a>, featuring twin <a href="/wiki/Radiator_(engine_cooling)" title="Radiator (engine cooling)">radiators</a> mounted ahead of the front wheels, a single example of which was built for Hill. Although Hill, no longer a front-runner since his 1969 accident, took his final Formula One win in the non-championship <a href="/wiki/BRDC_International_Trophy" title="BRDC International Trophy">BRDC International Trophy</a> at <a href="/wiki/Silverstone_Circuit" title="Silverstone Circuit">Silverstone</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the team scored only seven championship points.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bernie_Ecclestone_(1972–1988)"><span id="Bernie_Ecclestone_.281972.E2.80.931988.29"></span>Bernie Ecclestone (1972–1988)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bernie Ecclestone (1972–1988)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tauranac left Brabham early in the <a href="/wiki/1972_Formula_One_season" title="1972 Formula One season">1972 season</a> after Ecclestone changed the way the company was organised without consulting him. Ecclestone has since said "In retrospect, the relationship was never going to work", noting that "[Tauranac and I] both take the view: 'Please be reasonable, do it my way'".<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The highlights of an aimless year, during which the team ran three different models, were pole position for Argentinian driver <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Reutemann" title="Carlos Reutemann">Carlos Reutemann</a> at his home race at <a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a> and a victory in the non-championship Interlagos Grand Prix. For the <a href="/wiki/1973_Formula_One_season" title="1973 Formula One season">1973 season</a>, Ecclestone promoted the young South African engineer <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Murray" title="Gordon Murray">Gordon Murray</a> to chief designer and moved Herbie Blash from the Formula Two programme to become the Formula One team manager. Both would remain with the team for the next 15 years. For 1973, Murray produced the triangular cross-section BT42, with which Reutemann scored two podium finishes and finished seventh in the Drivers' Championship. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brabham_BT44_front.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A mid-engined single-seater racing car with large aerodynamic wings" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Brabham_BT44_front.jpg/220px-Brabham_BT44_front.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Brabham_BT44_front.jpg/330px-Brabham_BT44_front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Brabham_BT44_front.jpg/440px-Brabham_BT44_front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT44" title="Brabham BT44">Brabham BT44</a> on display in 2003. The car was used in the <a href="/wiki/1974_Formula_One_season" title="1974 Formula One season">1974</a> and <a href="/wiki/1975_Formula_One_season" title="1975 Formula One season">1975</a> seasons.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/1974_Formula_One_season" title="1974 Formula One season">1974 season</a>, Reutemann took the first three victories of his Formula One career, and Brabham's first since 1970. The team finished a close fifth in the Constructors' Championship, fielding the much more competitive <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT44" title="Brabham BT44">BT44s</a>. After a strong finish to the 1974 season, many observers felt the team were favourites to win the <a href="/wiki/1975_Formula_One_season" title="1975 Formula One season">1975 title</a>. The year started well, with a first win for Brazilian driver <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carlos_Pace" class="mw-redirect" title="José Carlos Pace">Carlos Pace</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Aut%C3%B3dromo_Jos%C3%A9_Carlos_Pace" class="mw-redirect" title="Autódromo José Carlos Pace">Interlagos</a> circuit in his native <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="São Paulo">São Paulo</a>. However, as the season progressed, tyre wear frequently slowed the cars in races, and the team was constantly outperformed by <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a> and <a href="/wiki/McLaren" title="McLaren">McLaren</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pace took another two podiums and finished sixth in the championship; while Reutemann had five podium finishes, including a dominant win in the <a href="/wiki/1975_German_Grand_Prix" title="1975 German Grand Prix">1975 German Grand Prix</a>, and finished third in the Drivers' Championship. The team likewise ranked second in the Constructors' Championship at the end of the year.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While rival teams Lotus and McLaren relied on the Cosworth DFV engine from the late 1960s to the early 1980s, Ecclestone sought a competitive advantage by investigating other options. Despite the success of Murray's Cosworth-powered cars, Ecclestone signed a deal with Italian motor manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_in_Formula_One" title="Alfa Romeo in Formula One">Alfa Romeo</a> to use their large and powerful <a href="/wiki/Flat-12" class="mw-redirect" title="Flat-12">flat-12</a> engine from the <a href="/wiki/1976_Formula_One_season" title="1976 Formula One season">1976 season</a>. The engines were free, but they rendered the new <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT45" title="Brabham BT45">BT45s</a>, now in red <a href="/wiki/Martini_Racing" title="Martini Racing">Martini Racing</a> livery, unreliable and overweight.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At that time, designer David North was hired to work alongside Murray.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1976 and <a href="/wiki/1977_Formula_One_season" title="1977 Formula One season">1977 seasons</a> saw Brabham fall toward the back of the field again. Reutemann negotiated a release from his contract before the end of the 1976 season and signed with Ferrari. Ulsterman <a href="/wiki/John_Watson_(racing_driver)" title="John Watson (racing driver)">John Watson</a> replaced him at Brabham for 1977. Watson lost near certain victory in the <a href="/wiki/1977_French_Grand_Prix" title="1977 French Grand Prix">French Grand Prix</a> (Dijon) of that year when his car ran low on fuel on the last lap and was passed by Mario Andretti's Lotus, with Watson's second place being the team's best result of the season. The car often showed at the head of races, but the unreliability of the Alfa Romeo engine was a major problem. The team lost Pace early in the 1977 season when he died in a <a href="/wiki/Light_aircraft" title="Light aircraft">light aircraft</a> accident.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For the <a href="/wiki/1978_Formula_One_season" title="1978 Formula One season">1978 season</a>, Murray's <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT46" title="Brabham BT46">BT46</a> featured several new technologies to overcome the weight and packaging difficulties caused by the Alfa Romeo engines. Ecclestone signed then two-time Formula One world champion <a href="/wiki/Niki_Lauda" title="Niki Lauda">Niki Lauda</a> from Ferrari through a deal with Italian dairy products company <a href="/wiki/Parmalat" title="Parmalat">Parmalat</a> which met the cost of Lauda ending his Ferrari contract and made up his salary to the £200,000 Ferrari was offering. 1978 was the year of the dominant <a href="/wiki/Lotus_79" title="Lotus 79">Lotus 79</a> "wing car", which used <a href="/wiki/Aerodynamic" class="mw-redirect" title="Aerodynamic">aerodynamic</a> <a href="/wiki/Ground_effect_in_cars" class="mw-redirect" title="Ground effect in cars">ground effect</a> to stick to the track when cornering, but Lauda won two races in the BT46, one with the controversial "B" or "<a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT46#Brabham_BT46B_.E2.80.93_the_.22Fan_car.22" title="Brabham BT46">fan car</a>" version.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The partnership with Alfa Romeo ended during the <a href="/wiki/1979_Formula_One_season" title="1979 Formula One season">1979 season</a>, the team's first with young Brazilian driver <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Piquet" title="Nelson Piquet">Nelson Piquet</a>. Murray designed the full-ground effect <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT48" title="Brabham BT48">BT48</a> around a rapidly developed new Alfa Romeo V12 engine and incorporated an effective "carbon-carbon braking" system—<a href="#Technical_innovation">a technology Brabham pioneered in 1976</a>. However, unexpected movement of the car's aerodynamic <a href="/wiki/Center_of_pressure_(fluid_mechanics)" title="Center of pressure (fluid mechanics)">centre of pressure</a> made its handling unpredictable and the new engine was unreliable. The team dropped to eighth in the Constructors' Championship by the end of the season.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alfa Romeo started testing their own Formula One car during the season, prompting Ecclestone to revert to Cosworth DFV engines, a move Murray described as being "like having a holiday".<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new, lighter, Cosworth-powered <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT49" title="Brabham BT49">BT49</a> was introduced before the end of the year at the <a href="/wiki/1979_Canadian_Grand_Prix" title="1979 Canadian Grand Prix">Canadian Grand Prix</a>; where after practice Lauda announced his immediate retirement from driving, later saying that he "was no longer getting any pleasure from driving round and round in circles".<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2005_Brands_Hatch_A1GP_25_Sept_Christian_Glaesel_Brabham_BT49D.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A mid-engined single-seater racing car with large aerodynamic wings" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/2005_Brands_Hatch_A1GP_25_Sept_Christian_Glaesel_Brabham_BT49D.jpg/220px-2005_Brands_Hatch_A1GP_25_Sept_Christian_Glaesel_Brabham_BT49D.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/2005_Brands_Hatch_A1GP_25_Sept_Christian_Glaesel_Brabham_BT49D.jpg/330px-2005_Brands_Hatch_A1GP_25_Sept_Christian_Glaesel_Brabham_BT49D.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/2005_Brands_Hatch_A1GP_25_Sept_Christian_Glaesel_Brabham_BT49D.jpg/440px-2005_Brands_Hatch_A1GP_25_Sept_Christian_Glaesel_Brabham_BT49D.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1938" data-file-height="1548" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT49" title="Brabham BT49">Brabham BT49</a> competed over four seasons, winning one championship.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The team used the BT49 over four seasons. In the <a href="/wiki/1980_Formula_One_season" title="1980 Formula One season">1980 season</a> Piquet scored three wins and the team took third in the Constructors' Championship with Piquet second in the Drivers' Championship. This season saw the introduction of the blue and white livery that the cars would wear through several changes of sponsor, until the team's demise in 1992. With a better understanding of ground effect, the team further developed the BT49C for the <a href="/wiki/1981_Formula_One_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1981 Formula One season">1981 season</a>, incorporating a hydropneumatic suspension system to avoid <a href="/wiki/Ride_height" title="Ride height">ride height</a> limitations intended to reduce downforce. Piquet, who had developed a close working relationship with Murray,<sup id="cite_ref-RoePiq_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RoePiq-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> took the drivers' title with three wins, albeit <a href="#Controversy">amid accusations of cheating</a>. The team finished second in the Constructors' Championship, behind the <a href="/wiki/WilliamsF1" class="mw-redirect" title="WilliamsF1">Williams team</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Renault_F1" class="mw-redirect" title="Renault F1">Renault</a> had introduced <a href="/wiki/Turbocharged" class="mw-redirect" title="Turbocharged">turbocharged</a> engines to Formula One in 1977. Brabham had tested a <a href="/wiki/BMW_in_Formula_One" title="BMW in Formula One">BMW</a> four-cylinder <a href="/wiki/BMW_M12" title="BMW M12">M12</a> turbocharged engine in the summer of 1981. For the <a href="/wiki/1982_Formula_One_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1982 Formula One season">1982 season</a> the team designed a new car, the <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT50" title="Brabham BT50">BT50</a>, around the BMW engine which, like the Repco engine 16 years before, was based on a road car engine block, the <a href="/wiki/BMW_M10" title="BMW M10">BMW M10</a>. Brabham continued to run the Cosworth-powered BT49D in the early part of the season while reliability and driveability issues with the BMW units were resolved. The relationship came close to ending, with the German manufacturer insisting that Brabham use their engine. The turbo car took its first win at the <a href="/wiki/1982_Canadian_Grand_Prix" title="1982 Canadian Grand Prix">Canadian Grand Prix</a>. In the Constructors' Championship, the team finished fifth, the drivers <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Patrese" title="Riccardo Patrese">Riccardo Patrese</a>, who scored the last win of the Brabham-Ford combination in the <a href="/wiki/1982_Monaco_Grand_Prix" title="1982 Monaco Grand Prix">Monaco Grand Prix</a>, 10th and World Champion Piquet a mere 11th in the Drivers' Championship. In the <a href="/wiki/1983_Formula_One_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1983 Formula One season">1983 season</a>, Piquet took the championship lead from Renault's <a href="/wiki/Alain_Prost" title="Alain Prost">Alain Prost</a> at the last race of the year, the <a href="/wiki/1983_South_African_Grand_Prix" title="1983 South African Grand Prix">South African Grand Prix</a> to become the first driver to win the Formula One Drivers' World Championship with a turbo-powered car. The team did not win the Constructors' Championship in either 1981 or 1983, despite Piquet's success. Patrese was the only driver other than Piquet to win a race for Brabham in this period—the drivers in the second car contributed only a fraction of the team's points in each of these championship seasons. Patrese finished ninth in the Drivers' Championship with 13 points, dropping the team behind Ferrari and Renault to third in the Constructors' Championship. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Piquet_-_Brabham-BMW_BT_54_1985-08-02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A mid-engined single-seater racing car with large aerodynamic wings" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Piquet_-_Brabham-BMW_BT_54_1985-08-02.jpg/220px-Piquet_-_Brabham-BMW_BT_54_1985-08-02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Piquet_-_Brabham-BMW_BT_54_1985-08-02.jpg/330px-Piquet_-_Brabham-BMW_BT_54_1985-08-02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Piquet_-_Brabham-BMW_BT_54_1985-08-02.jpg/440px-Piquet_-_Brabham-BMW_BT_54_1985-08-02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="643" data-file-height="428" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Piquet" title="Nelson Piquet">Nelson Piquet</a> and his <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT54" title="Brabham BT54">BT54</a> were hampered by <a href="/wiki/Pirelli" title="Pirelli">Pirelli</a> tyres in <a href="/wiki/1985_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1985 Formula One World Championship">1985</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Piquet took the team's last wins: two in 1984 by winning the seventh and eighth races of that season, the <a href="/wiki/1984_Canadian_Grand_Prix" title="1984 Canadian Grand Prix">Canadian Grand Prix</a> and the <a href="/wiki/1984_Detroit_Grand_Prix" title="1984 Detroit Grand Prix">Detroit Grand Prix</a>, and one in 1985 by winning the <a href="/wiki/1985_French_Grand_Prix" title="1985 French Grand Prix">French Grand Prix</a>. He finished fifth in 1984 and a mere eighth in 1985 in the respective Drivers' Championships.<sup id="cite_ref-RoePiq_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RoePiq-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After seven years and two world championships, Piquet felt he was worth more than Ecclestone's salary offer for 1986, and reluctantly left for the Williams team at the end of the season. </p><p>For the <a href="/wiki/1986_Formula_One_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1986 Formula One season">1986 season</a>, Patrese returned to Brabham, and was joined by <a href="/wiki/Elio_de_Angelis" title="Elio de Angelis">Elio de Angelis</a>. The season was a disaster for Brabham, scoring only two points. Murray's radical long and low <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT55" title="Brabham BT55">BT55</a>, with its BMW M12 engine tilted over to improve its aerodynamics and lower its centre of gravity, had severe reliability issues, and the Pirelli tyres performed poorly. De Angelis became the Formula One team's only fatality when he died in a testing accident at the <a href="/wiki/Circuit_Paul_Ricard" title="Circuit Paul Ricard">Paul Ricard</a> circuit. <a href="/wiki/Derek_Warwick" title="Derek Warwick">Derek Warwick</a>, who replaced de Angelis, was close to scoring two points for fifth in the <a href="/wiki/1986_British_Grand_Prix" title="1986 British Grand Prix">British Grand Prix</a>, but a problem on the last lap dropped him out of the points. </p><p>In August, BMW after considering running their own in-house team, announced their departure from Formula One at the end of the season. Murray, who had largely taken over the running of the team as Ecclestone became more involved with his role at the <a href="/wiki/Formula_One_Constructors_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Formula One Constructors Association">Formula One Constructors Association</a>, felt that "the way the team had operated for 15 years broke down". He left Brabham in November to join McLaren.<sup id="cite_ref-BGEnd_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BGEnd-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ecclestone held BMW to their contract for the <a href="/wiki/1987_Formula_One_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1987 Formula One season">1987 season</a>, but the German company would only supply the laydown engine. The upright units, around which Brabham had designed their new car, were sold for use by the <a href="/wiki/Arrows_(F1)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arrows (F1)">Arrows</a> team. Senior figures at Brabham, including Murray, have admitted that by this stage Ecclestone had lost interest in running the team. The 1987 season was only slightly more successful than the previous year—Patrese and de Cesaris scoring 10 points between them, including two third places at the <a href="/wiki/1987_Belgian_Grand_Prix" title="1987 Belgian Grand Prix">Belgian Grand Prix</a> and the <a href="/wiki/1987_Mexican_Grand_Prix" title="1987 Mexican Grand Prix">Mexican Grand Prix</a>. Unable to locate a suitable engine supplier, the team missed the FIA deadline for entry into the 1988 world championship and Ecclestone finally announced the team's withdrawal from Formula One at the Brazilian Grand Prix in April 1988. During the season-ending <a href="/wiki/1988_Australian_Grand_Prix" title="1988 Australian Grand Prix">Australian Grand Prix</a>, Ecclestone announced he had sold MRD to <a href="/wiki/EuroBrun" title="EuroBrun">EuroBrun</a> team owner <a href="/wiki/Walter_Brun" title="Walter Brun">Walter Brun</a> for an unknown price. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Joachim_Lüthi_(1989)"><span id="Joachim_L.C3.BCthi_.281989.29"></span>Joachim Lüthi (1989)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Joachim Lüthi (1989)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Brun soon sold the team on, this time to Swiss financier Joachim Lüthi, who brought it back into Formula One for the <a href="/wiki/1989_Formula_One_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1989 Formula One season">1989 season</a>. The new <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT58" title="Brabham BT58">Brabham BT58</a>, powered by a <a href="/wiki/Judd_(engine)" title="Judd (engine)">Judd</a> <a href="/wiki/V8_engine" title="V8 engine">V8 engine</a> (originally another of Jack Brabham's companies), was produced for the 1989 season.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Italian driver <a href="/wiki/Stefano_Modena" title="Stefano Modena">Stefano Modena</a>, who had driven for the team in the <a href="/wiki/1987_Australian_Grand_Prix" title="1987 Australian Grand Prix">1987 Australian Grand Prix</a> in a one off drive for the team, drove alongside the more experienced <a href="/wiki/Martin_Brundle" title="Martin Brundle">Martin Brundle</a> who was returning to Formula One after spending 1988 winning the <a href="/wiki/1988_World_Sportscar_Championship_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1988 World Sportscar Championship season">World Sportscar Championship</a> for <a href="/wiki/Jaguar_Cars" title="Jaguar Cars">Jaguar</a>. Modena took the team's last podium: a third place at the <a href="/wiki/1989_Monaco_Grand_Prix" title="1989 Monaco Grand Prix">Monaco Grand Prix</a> (Brundle, who had only just scraped through pre-qualifying by 0.021 seconds before qualifying a brilliant 4th, had been running third but was forced to stop to replace a flat battery, finally finishing sixth). The team also failed to make the grid sometimes: Brundle failed to prequalify at the <a href="/wiki/1989_Canadian_Grand_Prix" title="1989 Canadian Grand Prix">Canadian Grand Prix</a> and the <a href="/wiki/1989_French_Grand_Prix" title="1989 French Grand Prix">French Grand Prix</a>. The team finished 9th in the Constructors' Championship at the end of the season.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_28-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middlebridge_Racing_(1989–1992)"><span id="Middlebridge_Racing_.281989.E2.80.931992.29"></span>Middlebridge Racing (1989–1992)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Middlebridge Racing (1989–1992)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After Lüthi's arrest on tax fraud charges in mid-1989,<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> several parties disputed the ownership of the team. Middlebridge Group Limited, a Japanese engineering firm owned by billionaire Koji Nakauchi, was already involved with established <a href="/wiki/International_Formula_3000" title="International Formula 3000">Formula 3000</a> team Middlebridge Racing and gained control of Brabham for the <a href="/wiki/1990_Formula_One_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1990 Formula One season">1990 season</a>. Herbie Blash had returned to run the team in 1989 and continued to do so in 1990. Middlebridge paid for its purchase using £1 million loaned to them by finance company Landhurst Leasing,<sup id="cite_ref-Landhurst_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Landhurst-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the team remained underfunded and would only score a few more points finishes in its last three seasons.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Jack Brabham's youngest son, <a href="/wiki/David_Brabham" title="David Brabham">David</a>, raced for the Formula One team for a short time in 1990 including the season-ending <a href="/wiki/1990_Australian_Grand_Prix" title="1990 Australian Grand Prix">Australian Grand Prix</a> (the first time a Brabham had driven a Brabham car in an <a href="/wiki/Australian_Grand_Prix" title="Australian Grand Prix">Australian Grand Prix</a> since <a href="/wiki/1968_Australian_Grand_Prix" title="1968 Australian Grand Prix">1968</a>). 1990 was another disastrous year, with Modena's fifth place in the season-opening <a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_Grand_Prix" title="1990 United States Grand Prix">United States Grand Prix</a> being the only top six finish. The team finished ninth in the Constructors' Championship. Brundle and fellow Briton <a href="/wiki/Mark_Blundell" title="Mark Blundell">Mark Blundell</a>, scored only three points during the <a href="/wiki/1991_Formula_One_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1991 Formula One season">1991 season</a>. Due to poor results in the first half of 1991, they had to prequalify in the second half of the season; Blundell failed to do so in Japan, as did Brundle in Australia. The team finished 10th in the Constructors' Championship, behind another struggling British team, Lotus. The 1992 season started with <a href="/wiki/Eric_van_de_Poele" title="Eric van de Poele">Eric van de Poele</a> and <a href="/wiki/Giovanna_Amati" title="Giovanna Amati">Giovanna Amati</a> after <a href="/wiki/Akihiko_Nakaya" title="Akihiko Nakaya">Akihiko Nakaya</a> was denied a superlicense. <a href="/wiki/Damon_Hill" title="Damon Hill">Damon Hill</a>, the son of another former Brabham driver and World Champion, debuted in the team after Amati was dropped when her sponsorship failed to materialise. Amati, the fifth and last (as of January 2023<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>) woman to race in Formula One, ended her career with three DNQs.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Argentine <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Rinland" title="Sergio Rinland">Sergio Rinland</a> designed the team's final cars around Judd engines, except for 1991 when <a href="/wiki/Yamaha_Motor_Company_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Yamaha Motor Company Ltd.">Yamaha</a> powered the cars. In the <a href="/wiki/1992_Formula_One_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1992 Formula One season">1992 season</a> the cars (which were updated versions of the 1991 car) rarely qualified for races. Hill gave the team its final finish, at the <a href="/wiki/1992_Hungarian_Grand_Prix" title="1992 Hungarian Grand Prix">Hungarian Grand Prix</a>, where he crossed the finish line 11th and last, four laps behind the winner, <a href="/wiki/Ayrton_Senna" title="Ayrton Senna">Ayrton Senna</a>. After the end of that race the team ran out of funds and collapsed.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Middlebridge Group Limited had been unable to continue making repayments against the £6 million ultimately provided by Landhurst Leasing, which went into <a href="/wiki/Administration_order" class="mw-redirect" title="Administration order">administration</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Serious_Fraud_Office_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Serious Fraud Office (UK)">Serious Fraud Office</a> investigated the case. Landhurst's managing directors were found guilty of corruption and imprisoned, having accepted bribes for further loans to Middlebridge.<sup id="cite_ref-Landhurst_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Landhurst-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was one of four teams to leave Formula One that year. (<i>cf</i> <a href="/wiki/March_Engineering" title="March Engineering">March Engineering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fondmetal" title="Fondmetal">Fondmetal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Moda_Formula" title="Andrea Moda Formula">Andrea Moda Formula</a>). Although there was talk of reviving the team for the following year, its assets passed to Landhurst Leasing and were auctioned by the company's <a href="/wiki/Administrative_receivership" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative receivership">receivers</a> in 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among these was the team's old factory in Chessington, which was acquired by Yamaha Motor Sports and used to house Activa Technology Limited, a company manufacturing composite components for race and road cars run by Herbie Blash. The factory was bought by the <a href="/wiki/Carlin_DPR" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlin DPR">Carlin DPR</a> <a href="/wiki/GP2_Series" title="GP2 Series">GP2</a> motor racing team in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Motor_Racing_Developments">Motor Racing Developments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Motor Racing Developments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1969_British_Grand_Prix_P_Courage_Brabham_BT26.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A mid-engined single-seater racing car with modest aerodynamic wings" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/1969_British_Grand_Prix_P_Courage_Brabham_BT26.jpg/220px-1969_British_Grand_Prix_P_Courage_Brabham_BT26.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/1969_British_Grand_Prix_P_Courage_Brabham_BT26.jpg/330px-1969_British_Grand_Prix_P_Courage_Brabham_BT26.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/1969_British_Grand_Prix_P_Courage_Brabham_BT26.jpg/440px-1969_British_Grand_Prix_P_Courage_Brabham_BT26.jpg 2x" data-file-width="716" data-file-height="517" /></a><figcaption>Several F1 teams used Brabhams (<a href="/wiki/Piers_Courage" title="Piers Courage">Piers Courage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Williams_Racing_Cars" title="Frank Williams Racing Cars">FWRC</a>, 1969).</figcaption></figure> <p>Brabham cars were also widely used by other teams, and not just in Formula One. Jack Brabham and Ron Tauranac called the company they set up in 1961 to design and build <a href="/wiki/Formula_racing" title="Formula racing">formula racing</a> cars to customer teams Motor Racing Developments (MRD), and this company had a large portfolio of other activities. Initially, Brabham and Tauranac each held 50 per cent of the shares.<sup id="cite_ref-Law31_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Law31-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tauranac was responsible for design and running the business, while Brabham was the test driver and arranged corporate deals like the Repco engine supply and the use of the MIRA wind tunnel. He also contributed ideas to the design process and often machined parts and helped build the cars.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1963 to 1965, MRD was not directly involved in Formula One, and often ran works cars in other formulae. A separate company, Jack Brabham's Brabham Racing Organisation, ran the Formula One works entry.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like other customers, BRO bought its cars from MRD, initially at £3,000 per car,<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although it did not pay for development parts. Tauranac was unhappy with his distance from the Formula One operation and before the 1966 season suggested that he was no longer interested in producing cars for Formula One under this arrangement. Brabham investigated other chassis suppliers for BRO, however the two reached an agreement and from 1966 MRD was much more closely involved in this category.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Jack Brabham sold his shares in MRD to Ron Tauranac at the end of 1969, the works Formula One team was MRD.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brabham_BT40_of_Tim_Kuchel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A mid-engined single-seater racing car with large aerodynamic wings" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Brabham_BT40_of_Tim_Kuchel.jpg/220px-Brabham_BT40_of_Tim_Kuchel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Brabham_BT40_of_Tim_Kuchel.jpg/330px-Brabham_BT40_of_Tim_Kuchel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Brabham_BT40_of_Tim_Kuchel.jpg/440px-Brabham_BT40_of_Tim_Kuchel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2641" data-file-height="1596" /></a><figcaption>The BT40 was the last <a href="/wiki/Formula_Two" title="Formula Two">Formula Two</a> model from Brabham.</figcaption></figure> <p>Despite only building its first car in 1961, by the mid-1960s MRD had overtaken established constructors like Cooper to become the largest manufacturer of single-seat racing cars in the world,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and by 1970 had built over 500 cars.<sup id="cite_ref-car_numbers_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-car_numbers-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the other Formula One teams which used Brabhams, Frank Williams Racing Cars and the <a href="/wiki/Rob_Walker_Racing_Team" title="Rob Walker Racing Team">Rob Walker Racing Team</a> were the most successful. The <a href="/wiki/1965_British_Grand_Prix" title="1965 British Grand Prix">1965 British Grand Prix</a> saw seven Brabhams compete, only two of them from the works team, and there were usually four or five at championship Grands Prix throughout that season. The firm built scores of cars for the lower formulae each year, peaking with 89 cars in 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-car_numbers_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-car_numbers-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brabham had the reputation of providing customers with cars of a standard equal to those used by the works team, which worked "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/out_of_the_box" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:out of the box">out of the box</a>". The company provided a high degree of support to its customers—including Jack Brabham helping customers set up their cars. During this period the cars were usually known as "Repco Brabhams", not because of the Repco engines used in Formula One between 1966 and 1968, but because of a smaller-scale sponsorship deal through which the Australian company had been providing parts to Jack Brabham since his Cooper days.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alfa_Romeo_164_procar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A four-door saloon car which has been modified for motor racing" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Alfa_Romeo_164_procar.jpg/220px-Alfa_Romeo_164_procar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Alfa_Romeo_164_procar.jpg/330px-Alfa_Romeo_164_procar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Alfa_Romeo_164_procar.jpg/440px-Alfa_Romeo_164_procar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption>The Brabham <a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_164" title="Alfa Romeo 164">Alfa Romeo 164 "procar"</a> (1988)</figcaption></figure> <p>At the end of 1971 Bernie Ecclestone bought MRD. He retained the Brabham brand, as did subsequent owners. Although the production of customer cars continued briefly under Ecclestone's ownership, he believed the company needed to focus on Formula One to succeed. The last production customer Brabhams were the Formula Two BT40 and the Formula Three BT41 of 1973,<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although Ecclestone sold ex-works Formula One BT44Bs to <a href="/wiki/RAM_Racing" title="RAM Racing">RAM Racing</a> as late as 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1988 Ecclestone sold Motor Racing Developments to Alfa Romeo. The Formula One team did not compete that year, but Alfa Romeo put the company to use designing and building a prototype "Procar"—a racing car with the silhouette of a large saloon (the <a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_164" title="Alfa Romeo 164">Alfa Romeo 164</a>) covering a composite racing car chassis and mid-mounted race engine. This was intended for a racing series for major manufacturers to support Formula One Grands Prix, and was designated the Brabham BT57.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Racing_history—other_categories"><span id="Racing_history.E2.80.94other_categories"></span>Racing history—other categories</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Racing history—other categories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IndyCar">IndyCar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: IndyCar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:412px;max-width:412px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:188px;max-width:188px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:139px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brabham_BT25.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A mid-engined single-seater racing car with modest aerodynamic wings" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Brabham_BT25.jpg/186px-Brabham_BT25.jpg" decoding="async" width="186" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Brabham_BT25.jpg/279px-Brabham_BT25.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Brabham_BT25.jpg/372px-Brabham_BT25.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Brabham's last USAC race-winning car—the Brabham BT25 IndyCar of 1968</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:220px;max-width:220px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:139px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1969_F3_Guards_Trophy_Brands_Hatch_James_Hunt_Brabham_BT21.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A pair of mid-engined single-seater racing cars driving in close proximity" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1969_F3_Guards_Trophy_Brands_Hatch_James_Hunt_Brabham_BT21.jpg/218px-1969_F3_Guards_Trophy_Brands_Hatch_James_Hunt_Brabham_BT21.jpg" decoding="async" width="218" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1969_F3_Guards_Trophy_Brands_Hatch_James_Hunt_Brabham_BT21.jpg/327px-1969_F3_Guards_Trophy_Brands_Hatch_James_Hunt_Brabham_BT21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1969_F3_Guards_Trophy_Brands_Hatch_James_Hunt_Brabham_BT21.jpg/436px-1969_F3_Guards_Trophy_Brands_Hatch_James_Hunt_Brabham_BT21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Top drivers used Brabham F3 cars in their early careers. (<a href="/wiki/James_Hunt" title="James Hunt">James Hunt</a>, 1969)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:410px;max-width:410px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:317px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2005_Goodwood_Festival_of_Speed_F2_Brabham_BT18_Honda.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A mid-engined single-seater racing car with no aerodynamic wings" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/2005_Goodwood_Festival_of_Speed_F2_Brabham_BT18_Honda.jpg/408px-2005_Goodwood_Festival_of_Speed_F2_Brabham_BT18_Honda.jpg" decoding="async" width="408" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/2005_Goodwood_Festival_of_Speed_F2_Brabham_BT18_Honda.jpg/612px-2005_Goodwood_Festival_of_Speed_F2_Brabham_BT18_Honda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/2005_Goodwood_Festival_of_Speed_F2_Brabham_BT18_Honda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="661" data-file-height="515" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The Brabham BT18-Honda completely dominated <a href="/wiki/Formula_Two" title="Formula Two">Formula Two</a> in 1966.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></div></div></div></div></div> <p>Brabham cars competed at the <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_500" title="Indianapolis 500">Indianapolis 500</a> from the mid-1960s to the early 1970s. After an abortive project in 1962,<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MRD was commissioned in 1964 to build an IndyCar chassis powered by an American <a href="/wiki/Offenhauser" title="Offenhauser">Offenhauser</a> engine. The resultant BT12 chassis was raced by Jack Brabham as the "Zink-Urschel Trackburner" at the <a href="/wiki/1964_Indianapolis_500" title="1964 Indianapolis 500">1964 event</a> and retired with a fuel tank problem. The car was entered again in <a href="/wiki/1966_Indianapolis_500" title="1966 Indianapolis 500">1966</a>, taking a third place for <a href="/wiki/Jim_McElreath" title="Jim McElreath">Jim McElreath</a>. From 1968 to 1970, Brabham returned to Indianapolis, at first with a 4.2-litre version of the Repco V8 the team used in Formula One—with which <a href="/wiki/Peter_Revson" title="Peter Revson">Peter Revson</a> finished fifth in 1969—before reverting to the Offenhauser engine for 1970.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Brabham-Offenhauser combination was entered again in 1971 by <a href="/wiki/Christopher_J.C._Agajanian" class="mw-redirect" title="Christopher J.C. Agajanian">J.C. Agajanian</a>, finishing fifth in the hands of <a href="/wiki/Bill_Vukovich_II" title="Bill Vukovich II">Bill Vukovich II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although no Brabham car ever won at Indianapolis, McElreath won four <a href="/wiki/United_States_Automobile_Club" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Automobile Club">United States Automobile Club</a> (USAC) races over 1965 and 1966 in the BT12. The "Dean Van Lines Special" in which <a href="/wiki/Mario_Andretti" title="Mario Andretti">Mario Andretti</a> won the 1965 USAC national championship was a direct copy of this car, made with permission from Brabham by Andretti's crew chief Clint Brawner.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Revson took Brabham's final USAC race win in a BT25 in 1969, using the Repco engine.<sup id="cite_ref-BrabIndy_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BrabIndy-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formula_Two">Formula Two</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Formula Two"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 1960s and early 1970s, drivers who had reached Formula One often continued to compete in <a href="/wiki/Formula_Two" title="Formula Two">Formula Two</a>. In 1966 MRD produced the BT18 for the lower category, with a <a href="/wiki/Honda" title="Honda">Honda</a> engine acting as a stressed component. The car was extremely successful, winning 11 consecutive Formula Two races in the hands of the Formula One pairing of Brabham and Hulme. Cars were entered by MRD and not by the Brabham Racing Organisation, avoiding a direct conflict with Repco, their Formula One engine supplier.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formula_Three">Formula Three</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Formula Three"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first <a href="/wiki/Formula_Three" title="Formula Three">Formula Three</a> Brabham, the BT9, won only four major races in 1964. The BT15 which followed in 1965 was a highly successful design. 58 cars were sold, which won 42 major races. Further developments of the same concept, including wings by the end of the decade, were highly competitive up until 1971. The BT38C of 1972 was Brabham's first production monocoque and the first not designed by Tauranac. Although 40 were ordered, it was less successful than its predecessors. The angular BT41 was the final Formula Three Brabham.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formula_5000">Formula 5000</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Formula 5000"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Brabham made one car for <a href="/wiki/Formula_5000" title="Formula 5000">Formula 5000</a> racing, the <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT43" title="Brabham BT43">Brabham BT43</a>. Rolled out in late 1973 it was tested in early 1974 by John Watson at Silverstone before making its debut at the Rothmans F5000 Championship Round at Monza on 30 June 1974, driven by <a href="/wiki/Martin_Birrane" title="Martin Birrane">Martin Birrane</a>. Former <a href="/wiki/Australian_Drivers%27_Championship" title="Australian Drivers' Championship">Australian Drivers' Champion</a> <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Bartlett_(racing_driver)" title="Kevin Bartlett (racing driver)">Kevin Bartlett</a> used the <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_small-block_engine" title="Chevrolet small-block engine">Chevrolet</a> powered <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT43" title="Brabham BT43">Brabham BT43</a> to finish 3rd in the <a href="/wiki/1978_Australian_Drivers%27_Championship" title="1978 Australian Drivers' Championship">1978 Australian Drivers' Championship</a> including finishing 5th in the <a href="/wiki/1978_Australian_Grand_Prix" title="1978 Australian Grand Prix">1978 Australian Grand Prix</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_28-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports_cars">Sports cars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Sports cars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tauranac did not enjoy designing sports cars and could only spare a small amount of his time from MRD's very successful single-seater business. Only 14 sports car models were built between 1961 and 1972, out of a total production of almost 600 chassis.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The BT8A was the only one built in any numbers, and was quite successful in national level racing in the UK in 1964 and 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The design was "stretched" in 1966 to become the one-off BT17, originally fitted with the 4.3-litre version of the Repco engine for <a href="/wiki/Can-Am" title="Can-Am">Can-Am</a> racing. It was quickly abandoned by MRD after engine reliability problems became evident.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technical_innovation">Technical innovation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Technical innovation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2001_Goodwood_Festival_of_Speed_Brabham_BT46B_Fan_car.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A mid-engined single-seater racing car with large aerodynamic wings and a big fan on the back" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/2001_Goodwood_Festival_of_Speed_Brabham_BT46B_Fan_car.jpg/220px-2001_Goodwood_Festival_of_Speed_Brabham_BT46B_Fan_car.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/2001_Goodwood_Festival_of_Speed_Brabham_BT46B_Fan_car.jpg/330px-2001_Goodwood_Festival_of_Speed_Brabham_BT46B_Fan_car.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/2001_Goodwood_Festival_of_Speed_Brabham_BT46B_Fan_car.jpg/440px-2001_Goodwood_Festival_of_Speed_Brabham_BT46B_Fan_car.jpg 2x" data-file-width="836" data-file-height="584" /></a><figcaption>The 1978 <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT46" title="Brabham BT46">BT46B "Fan car"</a> won its only race before being banned. It was nicknamed the "Fan Car" due to the large fan at the rear of the car.</figcaption></figure> <p>Brabham was considered a technically conservative team in the 1960s, chiefly because it persevered with traditional <a href="/wiki/Spaceframe" class="mw-redirect" title="Spaceframe">spaceframe</a> cars long after Lotus introduced lighter, stiffer <a href="/wiki/Monocoque" title="Monocoque">monocoque</a> chassis to Formula One in 1962. Chief designer Tauranac reasoned that monocoques of the time were not usefully stiffer than well designed spaceframe chassis, and were harder to repair and less suitable for MRD's customers.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His "old fashioned" cars won the Brabham team the 1966 and 1967 championships, and were competitive in Formula One until rule changes forced a move to monocoques in 1970.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite the perceived conservatism, in 1963 Brabham was the first Formula One team to use a <a href="/wiki/Wind_tunnel" title="Wind tunnel">wind tunnel</a> to hone its designs to reduce <a href="/wiki/Drag_(physics)" title="Drag (physics)">drag</a> and stop the cars lifting off the ground at speed.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The practice became the norm in only the early 1980s, and is possibly the most important factor in the design of modern cars. Towards the end of the 1960s, teams began to exploit aerodynamic <a href="/wiki/Downforce" title="Downforce">downforce</a> to push the cars' tyres down harder on the track and enable them to maintain faster speeds through high-speed corners. At the <a href="/wiki/1968_Belgian_Grand_Prix" title="1968 Belgian Grand Prix">1968 Belgian Grand Prix</a>, Brabham was the first, alongside Ferrari, to introduce full width rear wings to this effect.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The team's most fertile period of technical innovation came in the 1970s and 1980s when <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Murray" title="Gordon Murray">Gordon Murray</a> became technical director. During 1976, the team introduced carbon-carbon <a href="/wiki/Disc_brake" title="Disc brake">brakes</a> to Formula One, which promised reduced <a href="/wiki/Unsprung_weight" class="mw-redirect" title="Unsprung weight">unsprung weight</a> and better stopping performance due to carbon's greater <a href="/wiki/Coefficient_of_friction" class="mw-redirect" title="Coefficient of friction">coefficient of friction</a>. The initial versions used <a href="/wiki/Reinforced_carbon-carbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Reinforced carbon-carbon">carbon-carbon composite</a> <a href="/wiki/Brake_pads" class="mw-redirect" title="Brake pads">brake pads</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a> disc faced with carbon "pucks." The technology was not reliable at first; in 1976, Carlos Pace crashed at 180 mph (290 km/h) at the <a href="/wiki/%C3%96sterreichring" class="mw-redirect" title="Österreichring">Österreichring</a> circuit after heat build-up in the brakes boiled the <a href="/wiki/Brake_fluid" title="Brake fluid">brake fluid</a>, leaving him with no way of stopping the car.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1979, Brabham had developed an effective carbon-carbon braking system, combining structural carbon discs with carbon brake pads.<sup id="cite_ref-Carbon_Fibre_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carbon_Fibre-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although Brabham experimented with airdams and underbody skirts in the mid-1970s, the team, like the rest of the field, did not immediately understand Lotus's development of a <a href="/wiki/Ground_effect_in_cars" class="mw-redirect" title="Ground effect in cars">ground effect</a> car in 1977. The <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT46" title="Brabham BT46">Brabham BT46B</a> "Fan car" of 1978, generated enormous downforce with a fan, which sucked air from beneath the car, although its claimed use was for engine cooling. The car raced only once in the Formula One World Championship—<a href="/wiki/Niki_Lauda" title="Niki Lauda">Niki Lauda</a> winning the <a href="/wiki/1978_Swedish_Grand_Prix" title="1978 Swedish Grand Prix">1978 Swedish Grand Prix</a>—before a <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/loophole" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:loophole">loophole</a> in the regulations was closed by the FIA.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although in 1979 Murray was the first to use lightweight <a href="/wiki/Carbon_fibre_reinforced_plastic" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon fibre reinforced plastic">carbon fibre composite</a> panels to stiffen Brabham's <a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">aluminium alloy</a> monocoques, he echoed his predecessor Tauranac in being the last to switch to the new fully composite monocoques. Murray was reluctant to build the entire chassis from composite materials until he understood their behaviour in a crash, an understanding achieved in part through an instrumented <a href="/wiki/Crash_test" title="Crash test">crash test</a> of a BT49 chassis.<sup id="cite_ref-Carbon_Fibre_73-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carbon_Fibre-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team did not follow McLaren's 1981 <a href="/wiki/McLaren_MP4/1" title="McLaren MP4/1">MP4/1</a> with its own fully composite chassis until the "lowline" BT55 in 1986, the last team to do so. This technology is now used in all top level single seater racing cars.<sup id="cite_ref-AZBrabham_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AZBrabham-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For the 1981 season the FIA introduced a 6 cm (2.4 in) minimum <a href="/wiki/Ride_height" title="Ride height">ride height</a> for the cars, intended to slow them in corners by limiting the downforce created by aerodynamic ground effect. Gordon Murray devised a <a href="/wiki/Hydropneumatic_suspension" title="Hydropneumatic suspension">hydropneumatic suspension</a> system for the BT49C, which allowed the car to settle to a much lower ride height at speed. Brabham was accused of cheating by other teams, although Murray believes that the system met the letter of the regulations. No action was taken against the team and others soon produced systems with similar effects.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the <a href="/wiki/1982_British_Grand_Prix" title="1982 British Grand Prix">1982 British Grand Prix</a>, Brabham reintroduced the idea of re-fuelling and changing the car's tyres during the race, unseen since the <a href="/wiki/1957_Formula_One_season" title="1957 Formula One season">1957 Formula One season</a>, to allow its drivers to sprint away at the start of races on a light fuel load and soft tyres. After studying techniques used at the <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_500" title="Indianapolis 500">Indianapolis 500</a> and in <a href="/wiki/NASCAR" title="NASCAR">NASCAR</a> racing in the United States, the team was able to refuel and re-tyre the car in 14 seconds in tests ahead of the race. In 1982 Murray felt the tactic did little more than "get our sponsors noticed at races we had no chance of winning," but in 1983 the team made good use of the tactic.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Refuelling was banned for 1984, although it reappeared between <a href="/wiki/1994_Formula_One_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1994 Formula One season">1994</a> and <a href="/wiki/2009_Formula_One_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2009 Formula One season">2009</a>, but tyre changes have remained part of Formula One.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversy">Controversy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The fan car and hydropneumatic suspension exploited loopholes in the sporting regulations. In the early 1980s, Brabham was accused of going further and breaking the regulations. During 1981, Piquet's first championship year, rumours circulated of illegal underweight Brabham chassis. Driver <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Laffite" title="Jacques Laffite">Jacques Laffite</a> was among those to claim that the cars were fitted with heavily ballasted <a href="/wiki/Coachwork" class="mw-redirect" title="Coachwork">bodywork</a> before being weighed at <a href="/wiki/Scrutineer" title="Scrutineer">scrutineering</a>. The accusation was denied by Brabham's management. No formal protest was made against the team and no action was taken against it by the sporting authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1978, Ecclestone was president of the <a href="/wiki/Formula_One_Constructors_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Formula One Constructors Association">Formula One Constructors Association</a> (FOCA), a body formed by the teams to represent their interests. This left his team open to accusations of having advance warning of rule changes. Ecclestone denies that the team benefited from this and Murray has noted that, contrary to this view, at the end of 1982 the team had to abandon its new BT51 car, built on the basis that ground effect would be permitted in 1983. Brabham had to design and build a replacement, the BT52, in only three months.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the end of the 1983 season, Renault and Ferrari, both beaten to the Drivers' Championship by Piquet, protested that the <a href="/wiki/Octane_rating" title="Octane rating">Research Octane Number</a> (RON) 102.4 of the team's fuel was above the legal limit of 102. The FIA declared that a figure of up to 102.9 was permitted under the rules, and that Brabham had not exceeded this limit.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_use_of_the_Brabham_name">Later use of the Brabham name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Later use of the Brabham name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revival_attempts">Revival attempts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Revival attempts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 4 June 2009, Franz Hilmer confirmed that he had used the name to lodge an entry for the 2010 Formula One season as a cost-capped team under the new budget cap regulations.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Brabham family was not involved and announced that it was seeking legal advice over the use of the name.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team's entry was not accepted, and the Brabham family later obtained legal recognition of their exclusive rights to the Brabham brand.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brabham_Racing">Brabham Racing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Brabham Racing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Brabham_Racing" title="Brabham Racing">Brabham Racing</a></div> <p>In September 2014, <a href="/wiki/David_Brabham" title="David Brabham">David Brabham</a>—the son of Brabham founder Sir Jack Brabham—announced the reformation of the Brabham Racing team under the name Project Brabham, with plans to enter the 2015 <a href="/wiki/FIA_World_Endurance_Championship" title="FIA World Endurance Championship">FIA World Endurance Championship</a> and 2015 <a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="24 Hours of Le Mans">24 Hours of Le Mans</a> in the LMP2 category using a <a href="/wiki/Crowdsourcing" title="Crowdsourcing">crowdsourcing</a> business model.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company also expressed interest in returning to Formula One, but did not have the financial capacity to do so.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, <a href="/wiki/Brabham_Automotive" title="Brabham Automotive">Brabham Automotive</a> announced its goal to enter the <a href="/wiki/2021_FIA_World_Endurance_Championship" title="2021 FIA World Endurance Championship">2021 FIA World Endurance Championship</a> using a <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT62" title="Brabham BT62">BT62</a> in the <a href="/wiki/LM_GTE" title="LM GTE">GTE class</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team competed in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=2019_GT_Cup_Championship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2019 GT Cup Championship (page does not exist)">2019 GT Cup Championship</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also entered the final two races of the <a href="/wiki/2019_Britcar_Endurance_Championship" title="2019 Britcar Endurance Championship">2019 Britcar Endurance Championship</a>, winning on its debut.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, <a href="/wiki/Brabham_Automotive" title="Brabham Automotive">Brabham Automotive</a> debuted their BT63 GT2 car at the season finale of the <a href="/wiki/2021_GT2_European_Series" title="2021 GT2 European Series">2021 GT2 European Series</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Championship_results">Championship results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Championship results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Brabham_Grand_Prix_results" title="Brabham Grand Prix results">Brabham Grand Prix results</a></div> <p>Results achieved by the "works" Brabham team. <b>Bold</b> results indicate a championship win. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Summary of Brabham Formula One World Championship results<sup id="cite_ref-:0_28-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Season </th> <th scope="col">Entrant </th> <th scope="col">Car </th> <th scope="col">Tyres </th> <th scope="col">Engine </th> <th scope="col">Drivers </th> <th scope="col">Constructors'<br />Championship </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1962_Formula_One_season" title="1962 Formula One season">1962</a> </th> <td>Brabham Racing Organisation </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lotus_24" title="Lotus 24">Lotus 24</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT3" title="Brabham BT3">Brabham BT3</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Dunlop_Tyres" title="Dunlop Tyres"><span style="padding:1px 4px; color:#000000; background-color:#FFEE00;">D</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Coventry_Climax_FWMV" class="mw-redirect" title="Coventry Climax FWMV">Coventry Climax FWMV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Brabham" title="Jack Brabham">Jack Brabham</a> </td> <td>7th (9 points) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1963_Formula_One_season" title="1963 Formula One season">1963</a> </th> <td>Brabham Racing Organisation </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT3" title="Brabham BT3">Brabham BT3</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT7" title="Brabham BT7">Brabham BT7</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lotus_25" title="Lotus 25">Lotus 25</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Dunlop_Tyres" title="Dunlop Tyres"><span style="padding:1px 4px; color:#000000; background-color:#FFEE00;">D</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Coventry_Climax_FWMV" class="mw-redirect" title="Coventry Climax FWMV">Coventry Climax FWMV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Brabham" title="Jack Brabham">Jack Brabham</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Dan_Gurney" title="Dan Gurney">Dan Gurney</a> </td> <td>3rd (28 points) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1964_Formula_One_season" title="1964 Formula One season">1964</a> </th> <td>Brabham Racing Organisation </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT7" title="Brabham BT7">Brabham BT7</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT11" title="Brabham BT11">Brabham BT11</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Dunlop_Tyres" title="Dunlop Tyres"><span style="padding:1px 4px; color:#000000; background-color:#FFEE00;">D</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Coventry_Climax_FWMV" class="mw-redirect" title="Coventry Climax FWMV">Coventry Climax FWMV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Brabham" title="Jack Brabham">Jack Brabham</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Dan_Gurney" title="Dan Gurney">Dan Gurney</a> </td> <td>4th (33 points) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1965_Formula_One_season" title="1965 Formula One season">1965</a> </th> <td>Brabham Racing Organisation </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT7" title="Brabham BT7">Brabham BT7</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT11" title="Brabham BT11">Brabham BT11</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Dunlop_Tyres" title="Dunlop Tyres"><span style="padding:1px 4px; color:#000000; background-color:#FFEE00;">D</span></a></b><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Coventry_Climax_FWMV" class="mw-redirect" title="Coventry Climax FWMV">Coventry Climax FWMV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Brabham" title="Jack Brabham">Jack Brabham</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Dan_Gurney" title="Dan Gurney">Dan Gurney</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Denny_Hulme" title="Denny Hulme">Denny Hulme</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Giancarlo_Baghetti" title="Giancarlo Baghetti">Giancarlo Baghetti</a> </td> <td>3rd (27 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1966_Formula_One_season" title="1966 Formula One season">1966</a> </th> <td>Brabham Racing Organisation </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT19" title="Brabham BT19">Brabham BT19</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT20" title="Brabham BT20">Brabham BT20</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT22" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT22">Brabham BT22</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Repco" title="Repco">Repco</a> 620 <br /><a href="/wiki/Coventry_Climax_FPF" class="mw-redirect" title="Coventry Climax FPF">Coventry Climax FPF</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Jack_Brabham" title="Jack Brabham">Jack Brabham</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Denny_Hulme" title="Denny Hulme">Denny Hulme</a> </td> <td><b>Champion</b> (42 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1967_Formula_One_season" title="1967 Formula One season">1967</a> </th> <td>Brabham Racing Organisation </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT19" title="Brabham BT19">Brabham BT19</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT20" title="Brabham BT20">Brabham BT20</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT24" title="Brabham BT24">Brabham BT24</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Repco" title="Repco">Repco</a> 620 <br /><a href="/wiki/Repco" title="Repco">Repco</a> 740 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Brabham" title="Jack Brabham">Jack Brabham</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Denny_Hulme" title="Denny Hulme">Denny Hulme</a></b> </td> <td><b>Champion</b> (37 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1968_Formula_One_season" title="1968 Formula One season">1968</a> </th> <td>Brabham Racing Organisation </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT24" title="Brabham BT24">Brabham BT24</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT26" title="Brabham BT26">Brabham BT26</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Repco" title="Repco">Repco</a> 740 <br /><a href="/wiki/Repco" title="Repco">Repco</a> 860 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Brabham" title="Jack Brabham">Jack Brabham</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jochen_Rindt" title="Jochen Rindt">Jochen Rindt</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Dan_Gurney" title="Dan Gurney">Dan Gurney</a> </td> <td>8th (10 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1969_Formula_One_season" title="1969 Formula One season">1969</a> </th> <td>Motor Racing Developments </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT26A" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT26A">Brabham BT26A</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cosworth_DFV" title="Cosworth DFV">Cosworth DFV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Brabham" title="Jack Brabham">Jack Brabham</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jacky_Ickx" title="Jacky Ickx">Jacky Ickx</a> </td> <td>2nd (51 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1970_Formula_One_season" title="1970 Formula One season">1970</a> </th> <td>Motor Racing Developments </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT33" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT33">Brabham BT33</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cosworth_DFV" title="Cosworth DFV">Cosworth DFV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Brabham" title="Jack Brabham">Jack Brabham</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Stommelen" title="Rolf Stommelen">Rolf Stommelen</a> </td> <td>4th (35 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1971_Formula_One_season" title="1971 Formula One season">1971</a> </th> <td>Motor Racing Developments </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT33" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT33">Brabham BT33</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT34" title="Brabham BT34">Brabham BT34</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cosworth_DFV" title="Cosworth DFV">Cosworth DFV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Graham_Hill" title="Graham Hill">Graham Hill</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tim_Schenken" title="Tim Schenken">Tim Schenken</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Dave_Charlton" title="Dave Charlton">Dave Charlton</a> </td> <td>9th (5 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1972_Formula_One_season" title="1972 Formula One season">1972</a> </th> <td>Motor Racing Developments </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT33" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT33">Brabham BT33</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT34" title="Brabham BT34">Brabham BT34</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT37" title="Brabham BT37">Brabham BT37</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cosworth_DFV" title="Cosworth DFV">Cosworth DFV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Graham_Hill" title="Graham Hill">Graham Hill</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Reutemann" title="Carlos Reutemann">Carlos Reutemann</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Wilson_Fittipaldi_J%C3%BAnior" title="Wilson Fittipaldi Júnior">Wilson Fittipaldi</a> </td> <td>9th (7 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1973_Formula_One_season" title="1973 Formula One season">1973</a> </th> <td>Motor Racing Developments<br />Ceramica Pagnossin Team MRD </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT37" title="Brabham BT37">Brabham BT37</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham_BT42&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brabham BT42 (page does not exist)">Brabham BT42</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cosworth_DFV" title="Cosworth DFV">Cosworth DFV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Reutemann" title="Carlos Reutemann">Carlos Reutemann</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Wilson_Fittipaldi_J%C3%BAnior" title="Wilson Fittipaldi Júnior">Wilson Fittipaldi</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Andrea_de_Adamich" title="Andrea de Adamich">Andrea de Adamich</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Stommelen" title="Rolf Stommelen">Rolf Stommelen</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Watson_(racing_driver)" title="John Watson (racing driver)">John Watson</a> </td> <td>4th (49 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1974_Formula_One_season" title="1974 Formula One season">1974</a> </th> <td>Motor Racing Developments </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham_BT42&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brabham BT42 (page does not exist)">Brabham BT42</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT44" title="Brabham BT44">Brabham BT44</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cosworth_DFV" title="Cosworth DFV">Cosworth DFV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Reutemann" title="Carlos Reutemann">Carlos Reutemann</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carlos_Pace" class="mw-redirect" title="José Carlos Pace">Carlos Pace</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Rikky_von_Opel" title="Rikky von Opel">Rikky von Opel</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Richard_Robarts" title="Richard Robarts">Richard Robarts</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Teddy_Pilette" title="Teddy Pilette">Teddy Pilette</a> </td> <td>5th (35 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1975_Formula_One_season" title="1975 Formula One season">1975</a> </th> <td>Martini Racing </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT44" title="Brabham BT44">Brabham BT44B</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cosworth_DFV" title="Cosworth DFV">Cosworth DFV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Reutemann" title="Carlos Reutemann">Carlos Reutemann</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carlos_Pace" class="mw-redirect" title="José Carlos Pace">Carlos Pace</a> </td> <td>2nd (54 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1976_Formula_One_season" title="1976 Formula One season">1976</a> </th> <td>Martini Racing </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT45" title="Brabham BT45">Brabham BT45</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_in_Formula_One" title="Alfa Romeo in Formula One">Alfa Romeo</a> 115-12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Reutemann" title="Carlos Reutemann">Carlos Reutemann</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carlos_Pace" class="mw-redirect" title="José Carlos Pace">Carlos Pace</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Stommelen" title="Rolf Stommelen">Rolf Stommelen</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Larry_Perkins" title="Larry Perkins">Larry Perkins</a> </td> <td>9th (9 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1977_Formula_One_season" title="1977 Formula One season">1977</a> </th> <td>Martini Racing </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT45" title="Brabham BT45">Brabham BT45B</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_in_Formula_One" title="Alfa Romeo in Formula One">Alfa Romeo</a> 115-12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carlos_Pace" class="mw-redirect" title="José Carlos Pace">Carlos Pace</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Watson_(racing_driver)" title="John Watson (racing driver)">John Watson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Hans-Joachim_Stuck" title="Hans-Joachim Stuck">Hans-Joachim Stuck</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Francia" title="Giorgio Francia">Giorgio Francia</a> </td> <td>5th (27 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1978_Formula_One_season" title="1978 Formula One season">1978</a> </th> <td>Parmalat Racing Team </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT45" title="Brabham BT45">Brabham BT45C</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT46" title="Brabham BT46">Brabham BT46/B/C</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_in_Formula_One" title="Alfa Romeo in Formula One">Alfa Romeo</a> 115-12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Niki_Lauda" title="Niki Lauda">Niki Lauda</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Watson_(racing_driver)" title="John Watson (racing driver)">John Watson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Piquet" title="Nelson Piquet">Nelson Piquet</a> </td> <td>3rd (53 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1979_Formula_One_season" title="1979 Formula One season">1979</a> </th> <td>Parmalat Racing Team </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT46" title="Brabham BT46">Brabham BT46</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT48" title="Brabham BT48">Brabham BT48</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT49" title="Brabham BT49">Brabham BT49</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_in_Formula_One" title="Alfa Romeo in Formula One">Alfa Romeo</a> 115-12<br /><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_in_Formula_One" title="Alfa Romeo in Formula One">Alfa Romeo</a> 1260<br /><a href="/wiki/Cosworth_DFV" title="Cosworth DFV">Cosworth DFV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Niki_Lauda" title="Niki Lauda">Niki Lauda</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Piquet" title="Nelson Piquet">Nelson Piquet</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Zunino" title="Ricardo Zunino">Ricardo Zunino</a> </td> <td>8th (6 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1980_Formula_One_season" title="1980 Formula One season">1980</a> </th> <td>Parmalat Racing Team </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT49" title="Brabham BT49">Brabham BT49/B</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Michelin" title="Michelin"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:white; background-color:#00008b;">M</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cosworth_DFV" title="Cosworth DFV">Cosworth DFV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Piquet" title="Nelson Piquet">Nelson Piquet</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Zunino" title="Ricardo Zunino">Ricardo Zunino</a><br /><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9ctor_Rebaque" title="Héctor Rebaque">Héctor Rebaque</a> </td> <td>3rd (55 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1981_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1981 Formula One World Championship">1981</a> </th> <td>Parmalat Racing Team </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT49" title="Brabham BT49">Brabham BT49/B/C</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Michelin" title="Michelin"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:white; background-color:#00008b;">M</span></a></b><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cosworth_DFV" title="Cosworth DFV">Cosworth DFV</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Piquet" title="Nelson Piquet">Nelson Piquet</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9ctor_Rebaque" title="Héctor Rebaque">Héctor Rebaque</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Zunino" title="Ricardo Zunino">Ricardo Zunino</a> </td> <td>2nd (61 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1982_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1982 Formula One World Championship">1982</a> </th> <td>Parmalat Racing Team </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT49" title="Brabham BT49">Brabham BT49D</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT50" title="Brabham BT50">Brabham BT50</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cosworth_DFV" title="Cosworth DFV">Cosworth DFV</a><br /><a href="/wiki/BMW_M12" title="BMW M12">BMW M12</a>/13 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Piquet" title="Nelson Piquet">Nelson Piquet</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Patrese" title="Riccardo Patrese">Riccardo Patrese</a> </td> <td>5th (41 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1983_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1983 Formula One World Championship">1983</a> </th> <td>Fila Sport </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT52" title="Brabham BT52">Brabham BT52/B</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Michelin" title="Michelin"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:white; background-color:#00008b;">M</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/BMW_M12" title="BMW M12">BMW M12</a>/13 </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Piquet" title="Nelson Piquet">Nelson Piquet</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Patrese" title="Riccardo Patrese">Riccardo Patrese</a> </td> <td>3rd (72 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1984_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1984 Formula One World Championship">1984</a> </th> <td>MRD International </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT53" title="Brabham BT53">Brabham BT53</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Michelin" title="Michelin"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:white; background-color:#00008b;">M</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/BMW_M12" title="BMW M12">BMW M12</a>/13 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Piquet" title="Nelson Piquet">Nelson Piquet</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Teo_Fabi" title="Teo Fabi">Teo Fabi</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Corrado_Fabi" title="Corrado Fabi">Corrado Fabi</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Winkelhock" title="Manfred Winkelhock">Manfred Winkelhock</a> </td> <td>4th (38 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1985_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1985 Formula One World Championship">1985</a> </th> <td>Motor Racing Developments Ltd </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT54" title="Brabham BT54">Brabham BT54</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Pirelli" title="Pirelli"><span style="padding:1px 4px; color:#dd0029; background-color:#fee100;">P</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/BMW_M12" title="BMW M12">BMW M12</a>/13 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Piquet" title="Nelson Piquet">Nelson Piquet</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Marc_Surer" title="Marc Surer">Marc Surer</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Hesnault" title="François Hesnault">François Hesnault</a> </td> <td>5th (26 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1986_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1986 Formula One World Championship">1986</a> </th> <td>Motor Racing Developments Ltd </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT54" title="Brabham BT54">Brabham BT54</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT55" title="Brabham BT55">Brabham BT55</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Pirelli" title="Pirelli"><span style="padding:1px 4px; color:#dd0029; background-color:#fee100;">P</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/BMW_M12" title="BMW M12">BMW M12</a>/13/1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elio_de_Angelis" title="Elio de Angelis">Elio de Angelis</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Patrese" title="Riccardo Patrese">Riccardo Patrese</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Derek_Warwick" title="Derek Warwick">Derek Warwick</a> </td> <td>9th (2 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1987_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1987 Formula One World Championship">1987</a> </th> <td>Motor Racing Developments Ltd </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT56" title="Brabham BT56">Brabham BT56</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/BMW_M12" title="BMW M12">BMW M12</a>/13/1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Patrese" title="Riccardo Patrese">Riccardo Patrese</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Andrea_de_Cesaris" title="Andrea de Cesaris">Andrea de Cesaris</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Stefano_Modena" title="Stefano Modena">Stefano Modena</a> </td> <td>8th (10 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1989_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1989 Formula One World Championship">1989</a> </th> <td>Motor Racing Developments </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT58" title="Brabham BT58">Brabham BT58</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Pirelli" title="Pirelli"><span style="padding:1px 4px; color:#dd0029; background-color:#fee100;">P</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Judd_(engine)" title="Judd (engine)">Judd EV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_Brundle" title="Martin Brundle">Martin Brundle</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Stefano_Modena" title="Stefano Modena">Stefano Modena</a> </td> <td>9th (8 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1990_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1990 Formula One World Championship">1990</a> </th> <td>Motor Racing Developments </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT58" title="Brabham BT58">Brabham BT58</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT59" title="Brabham BT59">Brabham BT59</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Pirelli" title="Pirelli"><span style="padding:1px 4px; color:#dd0029; background-color:#fee100;">P</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Judd_(engine)" title="Judd (engine)">Judd EV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stefano_Modena" title="Stefano Modena">Stefano Modena</a><br /><a href="/wiki/David_Brabham" title="David Brabham">David Brabham</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Gregor_Foitek" title="Gregor Foitek">Gregor Foitek</a> </td> <td>10th (2 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1991_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1991 Formula One World Championship">1991</a> </th> <td>Motor Racing Developments Ltd </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT59" title="Brabham BT59">Brabham BT59Y</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT60" title="Brabham BT60">Brabham BT60Y</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Pirelli" title="Pirelli"><span style="padding:1px 4px; color:#dd0029; background-color:#fee100;">P</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yamaha_Motor_Company" title="Yamaha Motor Company">Yamaha</a> OX99 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_Brundle" title="Martin Brundle">Martin Brundle</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Mark_Blundell" title="Mark Blundell">Mark Blundell</a> </td> <td>9th (3 pts) </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1992_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1992 Formula One World Championship">1992</a> </th> <td>Motor Racing Developments Ltd </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT60" title="Brabham BT60">Brabham BT60B</a> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company"><span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FEDB00; background-color:#004EA8;">G</span></a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Judd_(engine)" title="Judd (engine)">Judd GV</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eric_van_de_Poele" title="Eric van de Poele">Eric van de Poele</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Giovanna_Amati" title="Giovanna Amati">Giovanna Amati</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Damon_Hill" title="Damon Hill">Damon Hill</a> </td> <td>NC (0 pts) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Motorsport_current_event.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Motorsport_current_event.svg/28px-Motorsport_current_event.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Motorsport_current_event.svg/42px-Motorsport_current_event.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Motorsport_current_event.svg/56px-Motorsport_current_event.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Formula_One" title="Portal:Formula One">Formula One portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Brabham_racing_cars" title="List of Brabham racing cars">List of Brabham racing cars</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) pp. 17–19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence (1999) pp. 18, 22. Brabham had consulted Tauranac by letter on technical matters since arriving in the UK. He used a gear cluster designed by Tauranac for several years and Tauranac also advised on the suspension geometry of the Cooper T53 "lowline" car.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence (1999) pp. 22–4. Jack had already tried to buy Cooper in association with fellow-driver <a href="/wiki/Roy_Salvadori" title="Roy Salvadori">Roy Salvadori</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brabham, Nye (2004) p. 140</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMSblunsden-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IMSblunsden_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBlunsden1962" class="citation magazine cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Blunsden, John (February–March 1962). "Brabhams "lilla bomb"!: Triumph-Herald-Climax" [Branham's "little bomb"!]. <i>Illustrerad Motor Sport</i> (in Swedish). No. 1–2. Lerum, Sweden. pp. 12–13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Illustrerad+Motor+Sport&rft.atitle=Brabhams+%22lilla+bomb%22%21%3A+Triumph-Herald-Climax&rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&rft.pages=12-13&rft.date=1962-02%2F1962-03&rft.aulast=Blunsden&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Scarlett (May 2006) p. 43. Although compare pronunciation with the related verb <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/emmerder" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:emmerder">emmerder</a>. This is the story as recalled by both Ron Tauranac and Brabham mechanic Michael Scarlett. The British journalist Alan Brinton has also been credited with pointing out this unfortunate fact to Brabham. See Drackett (1985) p. 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMS162-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IMS162_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMS162_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohansson1962" class="citation magazine cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Johansson, Lars-Erik (February–March 1962). "Jack Brabham: VM-kandidat på egen hand?" [Championship candidate on his own?]. <i>Illustrerad Motor Sport</i> (in Swedish). No. 1–2. Lerum, Sweden. p. 11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Illustrerad+Motor+Sport&rft.atitle=Jack+Brabham%3A+VM-kandidat+p%C3%A5+egen+hand%3F&rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&rft.pages=11&rft.date=1962-02%2F1962-03&rft.aulast=Johansson&rft.aufirst=Lars-Erik&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Drackett (1985) p. 21. The first prototype FJunior car therefore became the BT1 and its production version the BT2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Law31-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Law31_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Law31_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence (1999) p. 31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brabham, Nye (2004) pp. 14, 145–9. Brabham's and Tauranac's (Lawrence 1999 p. 32) accounts differ on whether the BRO was formed for the purpose of F1, or was already in existence.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://corktree.tripod.com/Case_History.html">"Case History"</a>. Corktree.tripod.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Case+History&rft.pub=Corktree.tripod.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcorktree.tripod.com%2FCase_History.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.racingsportscars.com/covers/_Zeltweg-1970-08-16e.jpg">"1970 Austrian Grand Prix Entry list"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1970+Austrian+Grand+Prix+Entry+list&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.racingsportscars.com%2Fcovers%2F_Zeltweg-1970-08-16e.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) pp. 21–22. Brabham bought a new spaceframe Lotus 24, but had to use a 1961-vintage Lotus 21 in the early races after a workshop fire. Team Lotus reserved the monocoque Lotus 25 for their own use that season.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brabham, Nye (2004) p. 147</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) p. 28</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) pp. 35–41</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tauranac says (Lawrence (1999) p. 48) that he feels a third mechanic would have reduced the reliability problems. Lawrence himself notes (Lawrence (1999) p. 71) that "If only Jack had been prepared to spend a little more money, the results could have been so much better." Hodges (1990) p. 32 notes "Economy was a watchword. (...) It was this attitude, perhaps, which cost [Brabham] some races."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence (1999) pp. 51–52</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Unique p. 43. The team was the only one not contracted by <a href="/wiki/John_Frankenheimer" title="John Frankenheimer">John Frankenheimer</a> for the shooting of the film <i><a href="/wiki/Grand_Prix_(1966_film)" title="Grand Prix (1966 film)">Grand Prix</a></i> at world championship races that year.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence (1999) p. 92. Hulme, Tauranac and Frank Hallam, Repco-Brabham's chief engineer, all shared this view.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fearnley (May 2006) pp. 34–40</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fearnley (May 2006) p. 41</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry p. 85</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) pp. 79–80</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) p. 93</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_28-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_28-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_28-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_28-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/database/teams/brabham/">"Brabham"</a>. <i>Motor Sport</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170701215521/http://www.motorsportmagazine.com:80/database/teams/brabham">Archived</a> from the original on 1 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Motor+Sport&rft.atitle=Brabham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motorsportmagazine.com%2Fdatabase%2Fteams%2Fbrabham%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) pp. 114–17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence. pp. 116–118</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gill (ed.) (1976) p. 103</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) pp. 159–161</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200717225323/https://www.grandprix.com//news/david-north-and-jordan.html">"David North and Jordan?"</a>. <i>grandprix.com</i>. Inside F1 Inc. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.grandprix.com//news/david-north-and-jordan.html">the original</a> on 17 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=grandprix.com&rft.atitle=David+North+and+Jordan%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.grandprix.com%2F%2Fnews%2Fdavid-north-and-jordan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) pp. 164, 167</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Details of BT46 and 1978 season: Henry (1985) p. 171, pp. 179–189 <ul><li>Lauda's move and salary: Lovell (2004) p. 98</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) p. 191</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) pp. 213, 215</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) p. 216</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RoePiq-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RoePiq_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RoePiq_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Roebuck (1986) p. 114</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BGEnd-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BGEnd_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lovell (2004) pp. 161–164</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brabham, Nye (2004) p. 254. Engine Developments, the company which builds Judd engines, was a company Jack Brabham set up in partnership with John Judd after his retirement from driving in 1970. Judd had previously worked for Brabham on the Repco project. John Judd had based the engine, dubbed the <b>CV</b>, on a <a href="/wiki/Honda" title="Honda">Honda</a> block and was something the Japanese company was looking at as it looked to move into the North American based <a href="/wiki/Champ_Car" class="mw-redirect" title="Champ Car">IndyCar racing</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Slevin, Gary (2008) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.f1rejects.com/centrale/submitted/brabham/index.html">The Decline of Brabham</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081014120637/http://www.f1rejects.com/centrale/submitted/brabham/index.html">Archived</a> 14 October 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Formula One Rejects. Retrieved 10 June 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Landhurst-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Landhurst_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Landhurst_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Willcock1997" class="citation news cs1">John Willcock (18 October 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/formula-one-obsession-led-to-pounds-50m-landhurst-fraud-1236602.html">"Formula One obsession led to pounds 50m Landhurst fraud"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Independent_(newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (newspaper)">The Independent</a></i>. London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Formula+One+obsession+led+to+pounds+50m+Landhurst+fraud&rft.date=1997-10-18&rft.au=John+Willcock&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fformula-one-obsession-led-to-pounds-50m-landhurst-fraud-1236602.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElson2021" class="citation web cs1">Elson, James (2 January 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/articles/single-seaters/f1/giovanna-amati-once-the-helmet-was-on-i-felt-i-was-treated-equally">"Giovanna Amati: 'Once the helmet was on, I felt I was treated equally'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Motor_Sport_(magazine)" title="Motor Sport (magazine)">Motor Sport</a></i>. London: Motor Sport Magazine Limited. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210108164649/https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/articles/single-seaters/f1/giovanna-amati-once-the-helmet-was-on-i-felt-i-was-treated-equally">Archived</a> from the original on 8 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2021</span>. <q>Amati, the fifth woman to ever race in Formula 1, made three attempts to pre-qualify for Brabham during the 1992 season, at South Africa, Mexico and Brazil, failing to make it through each time.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Motor+Sport&rft.atitle=Giovanna+Amati%3A+%27Once+the+helmet+was+on%2C+I+felt+I+was+treated+equally%27&rft.date=2021-01-02&rft.aulast=Elson&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motorsportmagazine.com%2Farticles%2Fsingle-seaters%2Ff1%2Fgiovanna-amati-once-the-helmet-was-on-i-felt-i-was-treated-equally&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHigham2017" class="citation magazine cs1">Higham, Peter (December 2017). Trott, Nick (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/december-2017/64/rise-and-fall-brabham">"The rise – and fall – of Brabham"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Motor_Sport_(magazine)" title="Motor Sport (magazine)">Motor Sport</a></i>. No. 1108. London: Motor Sport Magazine Limited. p. 64. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0027-2019">0027-2019</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2021</span>. <q>It returned after a year's absence under new ownership and struggled on for four largely unsuccessful campaigns before closing its doors following the 1992 Hungarian GP.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Motor+Sport&rft.atitle=The+rise+%E2%80%93+and+fall+%E2%80%93+of+Brabham&rft.issue=1108&rft.pages=64&rft.date=2017-12&rft.issn=0027-2019&rft.aulast=Higham&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motorsportmagazine.com%2Farchive%2Farticle%2Fdecember-2017%2F64%2Frise-and-fall-brabham&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Baker (10 October 1993)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlenn_Freeman2006" class="citation news cs1">Glenn Freeman (27 November 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/55796">"Carlin to enter GP2 in 2007"</a>. <i>Autosport.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Autosport.com&rft.atitle=Carlin+to+enter+GP2+in+2007&rft.date=2006-11-27&rft.au=Glenn+Freeman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.autosport.com%2Fnews%2Freport.php%2Fid%2F55796&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tauranac referred to this as Brabham's trade; they had first met at the small <a href="/wiki/Machine_shop" title="Machine shop">machine shop</a> Brabham ran in Sydney in the early 1950s.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">To confuse the relationship between the two companies further, MRD was renamed Brabham Racing Developments between 1962 and 1964. Henry (1985) p. 24</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fearnley (May 2006) p. 39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence (1999) pp. 74–75</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Unique p. 111</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-car_numbers-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-car_numbers_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-car_numbers_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence (1999) p. 207</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) p. 53</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hodges (1990) p. 39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) p. 156. Henry claims Ecclestone did this to ensure the team would focus on its troublesome new Alfa Romeo powered BT45s.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/cref-mcdall.html">"People: Allen McDonald"</a>. <i>grandprix.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=grandprix.com&rft.atitle=People%3A+Allen+McDonald&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.grandprix.com%2Fgpe%2Fcref-mcdall.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence (1999) p. 30</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brabham, Nye (2004) p. 240</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence (1999) p. 114</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence (1999) p. 57. Brawner repaired BT12 after a crash in 1964. As part of the deal he was allowed to make a copy of the then still unusual mid-engined design.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BrabIndy-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BrabIndy_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence (1999) p. 99</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Unique p. 117</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hodges (1998) pp. 34–39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence (1999) pp. 205–207</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence (1999) p. 55</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence (1999) pp. 84–85</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence (1999) pp. 44–45</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nye (1986) p. 60. Brabham's BT26As and Matra's experimental four wheel drive MS84 of 1969 were the last cars with spaceframe chassis cars in F1. For 1970 the FIA mandated the use of "bag tanks" for fuel, which were to be carried inside box structures. This effectively forced the team to design a monocoque structure. From 1968 Brabham's IndyCars were monocoques for the same reason.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) p. 39. The initial tests were carried out at the <a href="/wiki/Motor_Industry_Research_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Motor Industry Research Association">Motor Industry Research Association</a> wind tunnel under the auspices of Malcolm Sayer, who had been responsible for the aerodynamics of the <a href="/wiki/Jaguar_D-type" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaguar D-type">Jaguar D-type</a> Le Mans-winning car.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence (1999) p. 100</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) p. 163</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carbon_Fibre-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Carbon_Fibre_73-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carbon_Fibre_73-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Howard (June 2006) p. 52. Interview with Gordon Murray and <a href="/wiki/John_Barnard" title="John Barnard">John Barnard</a> on the early uses of Carbon Fibre in Formula One for brakes and chassis structure.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) pp. 186–187. It is often claimed that the car was never banned, but rather withdrawn by Ecclestone. Ecclestone did agree to withdraw it after three races, but the FIA changed the regulations to render "fan cars" in general, not the BT46B in particular, illegal before it could race again.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AZBrabham-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AZBrabham_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hodges (1998) p. 43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) pp. 223–225</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hamilton (ed.) (1983) pp. 63–72 <i>Pitstops: A split-second spectacle</i> feature by <a href="/wiki/Denis_Jenkinson" title="Denis Jenkinson">Denis Jenkinson</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton2009" class="citation news cs1">Hamilton, Maurice (3 May 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2009/may/03/formula-one-2010-refuelling-ayrton-senna">"Ayrton Senna would applaud formula one's 2010 rebirth"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London: Guardian News and Media Ltd<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Ayrton+Senna+would+applaud+formula+one%27s+2010+rebirth&rft.date=2009-05-03&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Maurice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsport%2Fblog%2F2009%2Fmay%2F03%2Fformula-one-2010-refuelling-ayrton-senna&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) p. 225</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry (1985) p. 255</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Drackett (1985) p. 133. Although "protested", as used by Drackett, implies a formal protest, he does not specify this, and Henry (1985) p. 267 says "no action was ever taken".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonathan_Noble2009" class="citation news cs1">Jonathan Noble (4 June 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/75798">"Brabham name owner submits F1 entry"</a>. <i>Autosport.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Autosport.com&rft.atitle=Brabham+name+owner+submits+F1+entry&rft.date=2009-06-04&rft.au=Jonathan+Noble&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.autosport.com%2Fnews%2Freport.php%2Fid%2F75798&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdd_Straw2009" class="citation news cs1">Edd Straw (4 June 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/75806">"Brabham family seeking legal advice"</a>. <i>Autosport.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Autosport.com&rft.atitle=Brabham+family+seeking+legal+advice&rft.date=2009-06-04&rft.au=Edd+Straw&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.autosport.com%2Fnews%2Freport.php%2Fid%2F75806&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.crash.net/f1/news/187189/1/brabham-family-name-wins-eu-legal-protection.html">"Brabham family name wins EU legal protection"</a>. crash.net. 10 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Brabham+family+name+wins+EU+legal+protection&rft.date=2013-01-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crash.net%2Ff1%2Fnews%2F187189%2F1%2Fbrabham-family-name-wins-eu-legal-protection.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.speedcafe.com/2014/09/25/brabham-team-reborn-f1sports-cars-targetted/">"Brabham team reborn, F1/sports cars targeted"</a>. <i>Speedcafe</i>. 25 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Speedcafe&rft.atitle=Brabham+team+reborn%2C+F1%2Fsports+cars+targeted&rft.date=2014-09-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.speedcafe.com%2F2014%2F09%2F25%2Fbrabham-team-reborn-f1sports-cars-targetted%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_86-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141215022156/http://velocityemag.com/velocity-issue-2/">"Rebirth of a dynasty"</a>. <i>Velocity Magazine</i>. 3 November 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://velocityemag.com/velocity-issue-2/">the original</a> on 15 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Velocity+Magazine&rft.atitle=Rebirth+of+a+dynasty&rft.date=2014-11-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvelocityemag.com%2Fvelocity-issue-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:02_87-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brabham-digital.com/blog/post/7462/Brabham-to-Return-to-Le-Mans/">"Brabham to Return to Le Mans"</a>. <i>Project Brabham</i>. 9 January 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200708125049/https://www.brabham-digital.com/blog/post/7462/Brabham-to-Return-to-Le-Mans/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Project+Brabham&rft.atitle=Brabham+to+Return+to+Le+Mans&rft.date=2019-01-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brabham-digital.com%2Fblog%2Fpost%2F7462%2FBrabham-to-Return-to-Le-Mans%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brabhamautomotive.com/news/victory-for-brabham-bt62-on-debut-at-snetterton/">"Victory For Brabham BT62 On Debut at Snetterton – Brabham Automotive"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Victory+For+Brabham+BT62+On+Debut+at+Snetterton+%E2%80%93+Brabham+Automotive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brabhamautomotive.com%2Fnews%2Fvictory-for-brabham-bt62-on-debut-at-snetterton%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://au.motorsport.com/wec/news/brabham-hypercar-programme-britcar-2020/4649821/">"Brabham must "earn the right" to hypercar programme"</a>. <i>au.motorsport.com</i>. 11 January 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=au.motorsport.com&rft.atitle=Brabham+must+%26quot%3Bearn+the+right%26quot%3B+to+hypercar+programme&rft.date=2020-01-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fau.motorsport.com%2Fwec%2Fnews%2Fbrabham-hypercar-programme-britcar-2020%2F4649821%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://results.motorsportstats.com/teams/brabham/series/formula-one">"Brabham – Series – Formula One"</a>. Motorsport Stats<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brabham+%E2%80%93+Series+%E2%80%93+Formula+One&rft.pub=Motorsport+Stats&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresults.motorsportstats.com%2Fteams%2Fbrabham%2Fseries%2Fformula-one&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This is the number of different World Championship races in which a Brabham set the fastest lap time. In the <a href="/wiki/1969_Canadian_Grand_Prix" title="1969 Canadian Grand Prix">1969 Canadian Grand Prix</a>, two drivers each set equal fastest lap time in a Brabham.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"FIA" has been used throughout this article to refer to the motor sports governing body. Until 1978 motor sport was governed directly by the Commission Sportive Internationale (CSI) and from 1978 by the Fédération Internationale du Sport Automobile (FISA), both subsidiary bodies of the FIA. In 1992 the FIA subsumed FISA and its governing role.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Books</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBamseyBenzing,_EnricoStaniforth,_AllanLawrence,_Mike1988" class="citation book cs1">Bamsey, Ian; Benzing, Enrico; Staniforth, Allan; Lawrence, Mike (1988). <i>The 1000 BHP Grand Prix cars</i>. G T Foulis & Co Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85429-617-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-85429-617-4"><bdi>0-85429-617-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+1000+BHP+Grand+Prix+cars&rft.pub=G+T+Foulis+%26+Co+Ltd&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-85429-617-4&rft.aulast=Bamsey&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.au=Benzing%2C+Enrico&rft.au=Staniforth%2C+Allan&rft.au=Lawrence%2C+Mike&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrabhamNye2004" class="citation cs2">Brabham, Jack; Nye, Doug (2004), <i>The Jack Brabham Story</i>, Motorbooks International, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7603-1590-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-7603-1590-6"><bdi>0-7603-1590-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Jack+Brabham+Story&rft.pub=Motorbooks+International&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-7603-1590-6&rft.aulast=Brabham&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft.au=Nye%2C+Doug&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollings2004" class="citation book cs1">Collings, Timothy (2004). <i>The Piranha Club</i>. Virgin Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7535-0965-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7535-0965-2"><bdi>0-7535-0965-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Piranha+Club&rft.pub=Virgin+Books&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-7535-0965-2&rft.aulast=Collings&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDrackett1985" class="citation book cs1">Drackett, Phil (1985). <i>Brabham—Story of a racing team</i>. Arthur Baker Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-213-16915-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-213-16915-0"><bdi>0-213-16915-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brabham%E2%80%94Story+of+a+racing+team&rft.pub=Arthur+Baker+Ltd&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=0-213-16915-0&rft.aulast=Drackett&rft.aufirst=Phil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGill1976" class="citation book cs1">Gill, Barrie, ed. (1976). <i>The World Championship 1975 – <a href="/wiki/John_Player_%26_Sons" title="John Player & Sons">John Player</a> Motorsport yearbook 1976</i>. Queen Anne Press Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-362-00254-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-362-00254-1"><bdi>0-362-00254-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+Championship+1975+%E2%80%93+John+Player+Motorsport+yearbook+1976&rft.pub=Queen+Anne+Press+Ltd.&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=0-362-00254-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton1983" class="citation book cs1">Hamilton, Maurice, ed. (1983). <i>Autocourse 1983–1984</i>. Hazleton Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-905138-25-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-905138-25-2"><bdi>0-905138-25-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Autocourse+1983%E2%80%931984&rft.pub=Hazleton+Publishing&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0-905138-25-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenry1985" class="citation book cs1">Henry, Alan (1985). <i>Brabham, the Grand Prix Cars</i>. Osprey. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-905138-36-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-905138-36-8"><bdi>0-905138-36-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brabham%2C+the+Grand+Prix+Cars&rft.pub=Osprey&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=0-905138-36-8&rft.aulast=Henry&rft.aufirst=Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHodges1998" class="citation book cs1">Hodges, David (1998). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/azofformularacin0000hodg"><i>A-Z of Formula Racing Cars 1945–1990</i></a></span>. Bay View books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-901432-17-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-901432-17-3"><bdi>1-901432-17-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A-Z+of+Formula+Racing+Cars+1945%E2%80%931990&rft.pub=Bay+View+books&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1-901432-17-3&rft.aulast=Hodges&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fazofformularacin0000hodg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawrence1999" class="citation book cs1">Lawrence, Mike (1999). <i>Brabham+Ralt+Honda: The Ron Tauranac story</i>. Motor Racing Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-899870-35-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-899870-35-0"><bdi>1-899870-35-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brabham%2BRalt%2BHonda%3A+The+Ron+Tauranac+story&rft.pub=Motor+Racing+Publications&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=1-899870-35-0&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=Mike&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLovell2004" class="citation book cs1">Lovell, Terry (2004). <i>Bernie's Game</i>. Metro Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84358-086-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-84358-086-1"><bdi>1-84358-086-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bernie%27s+Game&rft.pub=Metro+Books&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-84358-086-1&rft.aulast=Lovell&rft.aufirst=Terry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNye1986" class="citation book cs1">Nye, Doug (1986). <i>Autocourse history of the Grand Prix car 1966–85</i>. Hazleton publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-905138-37-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-905138-37-6"><bdi>0-905138-37-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Autocourse+history+of+the+Grand+Prix+car+1966%E2%80%9385&rft.pub=Hazleton+publishing&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0-905138-37-6&rft.aulast=Nye&rft.aufirst=Doug&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoebuck1986" class="citation book cs1">Roebuck, Nigel (1986). <i>Grand Prix Greats</i>. Patrick Stephens Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85059-792-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-85059-792-7"><bdi>0-85059-792-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Grand+Prix+Greats&rft.pub=Patrick+Stephens+Ltd&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0-85059-792-7&rft.aulast=Roebuck&rft.aufirst=Nigel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTremayneHughes,_Mark2001" class="citation book cs1">Tremayne, David; Hughes, Mark (2001) [1998]. <i>The Concise Encyclopedia of Formula One</i> (updated ed.). Parragon. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7525-6735-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-7525-6735-7"><bdi>0-7525-6735-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Concise+Encyclopedia+of+Formula+One&rft.edition=updated&rft.pub=Parragon&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-7525-6735-7&rft.aulast=Tremayne&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Hughes%2C+Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnique2009" class="citation book cs1">Unique, (Various) (January 2009). <i>Brabham – the man and the machines</i>. Unique Motor Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84155-619-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84155-619-2"><bdi>978-1-84155-619-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brabham+%E2%80%93+the+man+and+the+machines&rft.pub=Unique+Motor+Books&rft.date=2009-01&rft.isbn=978-1-84155-619-2&rft.aulast=Unique&rft.aufirst=%28Various%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <dl><dt>Newspapers and Magazines</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaker1993" class="citation news cs1">Baker, Andrew (10 October 1993). "Sport Almanack: Racing cars for sale: one careful owner". <i>The Independent</i>. UK.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Sport+Almanack%3A+Racing+cars+for+sale%3A+one+careful+owner&rft.date=1993-10-10&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFearnley2006" class="citation news cs1">Fearnley, Paul (May 2006). "The powerhouse that Jack built". Motor Sport Magazine. p. 41.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+powerhouse+that+Jack+built&rft.pages=41&rft.date=2006-05&rft.aulast=Fearnley&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoward2006" class="citation news cs1">Howard, Keith (June 2006). "Carbon fibre". Motor Sport Magazine. p. 52.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Carbon+fibre&rft.pages=52&rft.date=2006-06&rft.aulast=Howard&rft.aufirst=Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurray1987" class="citation news cs1">Murray, Alasdair (11 November 1987). "Tycoon's drive and a formula worth millions". <i>The Times</i>. UK. p. 4.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Tycoon%27s+drive+and+a+formula+worth+millions&rft.pages=4&rft.date=1987-11-11&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Alasdair&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScarlett2006" class="citation news cs1">Scarlett, Michael (May 2006). "Team Building". Motor Sport Magazine. p. 43.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Team+Building&rft.pages=43&rft.date=2006-05&rft.aulast=Scarlett&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <dl><dt>Websites</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrandPrix.com" class="citation web cs1">GrandPrix.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060307165926/http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/con-brabh.html">"Brabham (Motor Racing Developments Ltd.)"</a>. grandprix.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/con-brabh.html">the original</a> on 7 March 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brabham+%28Motor+Racing+Developments+Ltd.%29&rft.pub=grandprix.com&rft.au=GrandPrix.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.grandprix.com%2Fgpe%2Fcon-brabh.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWright" class="citation web cs1">Wright, Rosalind. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040812185226/http://www.sfo.gov.uk/publications/annual_1998.asp">"Serious Fraud Office Annual Report 1997–98"</a>. sfo.gov.uk. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfo.gov.uk/publications/annual_1998.asp">the original</a> on 12 August 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Serious+Fraud+Office+Annual+Report+1997%E2%80%9398&rft.pub=sfo.gov.uk&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=Rosalind&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfo.gov.uk%2Fpublications%2Fannual_1998.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrabham" class="Z3988"></span> Also available in hardcopy. Published by <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Public_Sector_Information" title="Office of Public Sector Information">HMSO</a> July 1998. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-10-551856-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-10-551856-5">0-10-551856-5</a></li></ul> <p>All race and championship results are taken from the Official Formula 1 Website. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.formula1.com/results/season/1962/">1962 Season review.</a> www.formula1.com. Retrieved 27 April 2006 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Brabham_Racing_Organisation" class="extiw" title="commons:Brabham Racing Organisation"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Brabham Racing Organisation</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forix.com/8w/jbrabham.html">www.forix.com</a> Biography of Jack Brabham, with significant content on the early years of the Brabham team.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070116130341/http://www.nvo.com/brabhams/pictures/">www.nvo.com</a> Picture gallery of historic Brabhams.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.motorracing-archive.com/pdfs/Brabham_Chassis.pdf">www.motorracing-archive.com</a> Summary history of Brabham 1961–1972, including significant race results and production numbers for all models. (Archived <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050115120539/http://www.motorracing-archive.com/pdfs/Brabham_Chassis.pdf">here</a>).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oldracingcars.com/marques/brabham">www.oldracingcars.com</a> Complete race history of all Brabham F1 models from 1966 to 1982 and links to Brabham research projects on other models.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.f3history.co.uk/">www.f3history.co.uk</a> History of Formula Three, including Brabham (under 'Manufacturers'). (Archived <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051216113158/http://f3history.co.uk/Manufacturers/Brabham/brabham.htm">here</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110929014221/http://www.autocoursegpa.com/team_team.asp?teamsroot_id=8095">www.autocoursegpa.com</a> Complete world championship Brabham team statistics</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #78FF78;">Sporting positions </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Team_Lotus" title="Team Lotus">Lotus</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Constructors%27_Champions" title="List of Formula One World Constructors' Champions">Formula One Constructors' Champion</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1966_Formula_One_season" title="1966 Formula One season">1966</a>–<a href="/wiki/1967_Formula_One_season" title="1967 Formula One season">1967</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Team_Lotus" title="Team Lotus">Lotus</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_Motor_Racing_Developments" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#004626; color:gold;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Brabham" title="Template:Brabham"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:gold">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Brabham" title="Template talk:Brabham"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:gold">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Brabham" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Brabham"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:gold">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_Motor_Racing_Developments" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:gold">Motor Racing Developments</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#004626; color:gold;"><div id="Personnel" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Personnel</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#004626; color:gold;;width:1%">Founder</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Jack_Brabham" title="Jack Brabham">Jack Brabham</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ron_Tauranac" title="Ron Tauranac">Ron Tauranac</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#004626; color:gold;;width:1%">Noted personnel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Ecclestone" title="Bernie Ecclestone">Bernie Ecclestone</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Murray" title="Gordon Murray">Gordon Murray</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Herbie_Blash" title="Herbie Blash">Herbie Blash</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Rinland" title="Sergio Rinland">Sergio Rinland</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Colin_Seeley" title="Colin Seeley">Colin Seeley</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dave_Stubbs" title="Dave Stubbs">Dave Stubbs</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Whiting" title="Charlie Whiting">Charlie Whiting</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#004626; color:gold;"><div id="Drivers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Drivers</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#004626; color:gold;;width:1%">World Champions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jack_Brabham" title="Jack Brabham">Jack Brabham</a></dd> <dd><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand"><img alt="New Zealand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Denny_Hulme" title="Denny Hulme">Denny Hulme</a></dd> <dd><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil"><img alt="Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="504" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Piquet" title="Nelson Piquet">Nelson Piquet</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#004626; color:gold;;width:1%">Former drivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Category:Brabham_Formula_One_drivers" title="Category:Brabham Formula One drivers">Other drivers</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Category:Brabham_Formula_One_drivers" title="Category:Brabham Formula One drivers"><i>See category</i></a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#004626; color:gold;"><div id="Formula_One_titles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Formula One titles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#004626; color:gold;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Drivers%27_Champions" title="List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:gold">Drivers' titles</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/1966_Formula_One_season" title="1966 Formula One season">1966</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1967_Formula_One_season" title="1967 Formula One season">1967</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1981_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1981 Formula One World Championship">1981</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1983_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1983 Formula One World Championship">1983</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#004626; color:gold;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Constructors%27_Champions" title="List of Formula One World Constructors' Champions"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:gold">Constructors' titles</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/1966_Formula_One_season" title="1966 Formula One season">1966</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1967_Formula_One_season" title="1967 Formula One season">1967</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#004626; color:gold;"><div id="Cars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cars</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#004626; color:gold;;width:1%">Formula One</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT3" title="Brabham BT3">BT3</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT7" title="Brabham BT7">BT7</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT11" title="Brabham BT11">BT11</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT19" title="Brabham BT19">BT19</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT20" title="Brabham BT20">BT20</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT22" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT22">BT22</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT24" title="Brabham BT24">BT24</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT26" title="Brabham BT26">BT26</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT26" title="Brabham BT26">BT26A</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT33" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT33">BT33</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT34" title="Brabham BT34">BT34</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT37" title="Brabham BT37">BT37</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham_BT39&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brabham BT39 (page does not exist)">BT39</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham_BT42&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brabham BT42 (page does not exist)">BT42</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT44" title="Brabham BT44">BT44</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT44" title="Brabham BT44">BT44B</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT45" title="Brabham BT45">BT45</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT45" title="Brabham BT45">BT45B</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT45" title="Brabham BT45">BT45C</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT46" title="Brabham BT46">BT46</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT46" title="Brabham BT46">BT46B</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT46" title="Brabham BT46">BT46C</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT46" title="Brabham BT46">BT47</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT48" title="Brabham BT48">BT48</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT49" title="Brabham BT49">BT49</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT49" title="Brabham BT49">BT49B</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT49" title="Brabham BT49">BT49T</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT49" title="Brabham BT49">BT49C</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT49" title="Brabham BT49">BT49D</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT50" title="Brabham BT50">BT50</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT51" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT51">BT51</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT52" title="Brabham BT52">BT52</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT52" title="Brabham BT52">BT52B</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT53" title="Brabham BT53">BT53</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT54" title="Brabham BT54">BT54</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT55" title="Brabham BT55">BT55</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT56" title="Brabham BT56">BT56</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT58" title="Brabham BT58">BT58</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT59" title="Brabham BT59">BT59</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT59" title="Brabham BT59">BT59Y</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT60" title="Brabham BT60">BT60Y</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT60" title="Brabham BT60">BT60B</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT60#BT61" title="Brabham BT60">BT61</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#004626; color:gold;;width:1%">Sports cars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT5" title="Brabham BT5">BT5</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT5" title="Brabham BT5">BT8</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT17" title="Brabham BT17">BT17</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#004626; color:gold;;width:1%">Formula Two</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT10" title="Brabham BT10">BT10</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT16" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT16">BT16</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT18" title="Brabham BT18">BT18</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT23" title="Brabham BT23">BT23</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT23" title="Brabham BT23">BT23C</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT30" title="Brabham BT30">BT30</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT36" title="Brabham BT36">BT36</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham_BT38&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brabham BT38 (page does not exist)">BT38</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham_BT40&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brabham BT40 (page does not exist)">BT40</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#004626; color:gold;;width:1%">USAC/IndyCar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT12" title="Brabham BT12">BT12</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT25" title="Brabham BT25">BT25</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT32" title="Brabham BT32">BT32</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#004626; color:gold;;width:1%">Formula Three</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT9" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT9">BT9</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT15" title="Brabham BT15">BT15</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT16" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT16">BT16A</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT18" title="Brabham BT18">BT18A</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT21" title="Brabham BT21">BT21</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT21" title="Brabham BT21">BT21B</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT21" title="Brabham BT21">BT21X</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham_BT28&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brabham BT28 (page does not exist)">BT28</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham_BT35&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brabham BT35 (page does not exist)">BT35C</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham_BT38&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brabham BT38 (page does not exist)">BT38C</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT41" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT41">BT41</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#004626; color:gold;;width:1%">Formula Atlantic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT29" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT29">BT29</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham_BT35&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brabham BT35 (page does not exist)">BT35A</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham_BT35&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brabham BT35 (page does not exist)">BT35B</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham_BT38&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brabham BT38 (page does not exist)">BT38B</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham_BT40&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brabham BT40 (page does not exist)">BT40</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#004626; color:gold;;width:1%">Formula Junior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham_BT1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brabham BT1 (page does not exist)">BT1</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT2" title="Brabham BT2">BT2</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT6" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT6">BT6</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#004626; color:gold;;width:1%">F5000/Libre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT43" title="Brabham BT43">BT43</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#004626; color:gold;;width:1%">Other single-seaters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT4" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT4">BT4</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT7" title="Brabham BT7">BT7A</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT11" title="Brabham BT11">BT11A</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT14" title="Brabham BT14">BT14</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT18" title="Brabham BT18">BT18B</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT21" title="Brabham BT21">BT21A</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT21" title="Brabham BT21">BT21C</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT22" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT22">BT22</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT23" title="Brabham BT23">BT23A</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT23" title="Brabham BT23">BT23B</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT23" title="Brabham BT23">BT23D</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT23" title="Brabham BT23">BT23E</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT23" title="Brabham BT23">BT23F</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT23" title="Brabham BT23">BT23G</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT30" title="Brabham BT30">BT30X</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT31" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabham BT31">BT31</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabham_BT35&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brabham BT35 (page does not exist)">BT35X</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brabham_BT36" title="Brabham BT36">BT36X</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Formula_One_constructors" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Formula_One_constructors" title="Template:Formula One constructors"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Formula_One_constructors" title="Template talk:Formula One constructors"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Formula_One_constructors" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Formula One constructors"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Formula_One_constructors" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_constructors" title="List of Formula One constructors">Formula One constructors</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2024_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2024 Formula One World Championship">2024 season</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_F1_Team" title="Alpine F1 Team">Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aston_Martin_in_Formula_One" title="Aston Martin in Formula One">Aston Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ferrari_Grand_Prix_results" title="Ferrari Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haas_F1_Team" title="Haas F1 Team">Haas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McLaren" title="McLaren">McLaren</a> (<a href="/wiki/McLaren_Grand_Prix_results" title="McLaren Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_in_Formula_One" title="Mercedes-Benz in Formula One">Mercedes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Grand_Prix_results" title="Mercedes-Benz Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RB_Formula_One_Team" title="RB Formula One Team">RB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Bull_Racing" title="Red Bull Racing">Red Bull</a> (<a href="/wiki/Red_Bull_Racing_Grand_Prix_results" title="Red Bull Racing Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sauber_Motorsport" title="Sauber Motorsport">Sauber</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sauber_Grand_Prix_results" title="Sauber Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williams_Grand_Prix_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Williams Grand Prix Engineering">Williams</a> (<a href="/wiki/Williams_Grand_Prix_results" title="Williams Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alex_von_Falkenhausen_Motorenbau" title="Alex von Falkenhausen Motorenbau">AFM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automobiles_Gonfaronnaises_Sportives" title="Automobiles Gonfaronnaises Sportives">AGS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_in_Formula_One" title="Alfa Romeo in Formula One">Alfa Romeo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_Grand_Prix_results" title="Alfa Romeo Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuderia_AlphaTauri" title="Scuderia AlphaTauri">AlphaTauri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alta_Car_and_Engineering_Company" title="Alta Car and Engineering Company">Alta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Amon_Racing" title="Chris Amon Racing">Amon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Moda_Formula" title="Andrea Moda Formula">Andrea Moda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollon_(Formula_One)" title="Apollon (Formula One)">Apollon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrows_Grand_Prix_International" title="Arrows Grand Prix International">Arrows</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arrows_Grand_Prix_results" title="Arrows Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arzani-Volpini" title="Arzani-Volpini">Arzani-Volpini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aston_Butterworth" title="Aston Butterworth">Aston-Butterworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automobili_Turismo_e_Sport" title="Automobili Turismo e Sport">ATS (Italy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATS_Wheels" title="ATS Wheels">ATS (Germany)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_American_Racing" title="British American Racing">BAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behra-Porsche" title="Behra-Porsche">Behra-Porsche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellasi" title="Bellasi">Bellasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benetton_Formula" title="Benetton Formula">Benetton</a> (<a href="/wiki/Benetton_Grand_Prix_results" title="Benetton Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_in_Formula_One" title="BMW in Formula One">BMW</a> (<a href="/wiki/BMW_Grand_Prix_results" title="BMW Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boro_(Formula_One)" title="Boro (Formula One)">Boro</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brabham</a> (<a href="/wiki/Brabham_Grand_Prix_results" title="Brabham Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brawn_GP" title="Brawn GP">Brawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Racing_Motors" title="British Racing Motors">BRM</a> (<a href="/wiki/BRM_Grand_Prix_results" title="BRM Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Racing_Partnership" title="British Racing Partnership">BRP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugatti" title="Bugatti">Bugatti</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bugatti_Grand_Prix_results" title="Bugatti Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterham_F1" title="Caterham F1">Caterham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisitalia" title="Cisitalia">Cisitalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Coloni" title="Scuderia Coloni">Coloni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connaught_Engineering" title="Connaught Engineering">Connaught</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connew" title="Connew">Connew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooper_Car_Company" title="Cooper Car Company">Cooper</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cooper_Grand_Prix_results" title="Cooper Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallara" title="Dallara">Dallara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Tomaso" title="De Tomaso">De Tomaso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derrington-Francis" title="Derrington-Francis">Derrington-Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_American_Racers" title="All American Racers">Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eifelland" title="Eifelland">Eifelland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emeryson" title="Emeryson">Emeryson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenacher_Motorenwerk" title="Eisenacher Motorenwerk">EMW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89curie_Nationale_Belge" title="Écurie Nationale Belge">ENB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ensign_Racing" title="Ensign Racing">Ensign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Racing_Automobiles" title="English Racing Automobiles">ERA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EuroBrun" title="EuroBrun">EuroBrun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferguson_Research" title="Ferguson Research">Ferguson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fittipaldi_Automotive" title="Fittipaldi Automotive">Fittipaldi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fondmetal" title="Fondmetal">Fondmetal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Footwork_Arrows" title="Footwork Arrows">Footwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Force_India" title="Force India">Force India</a> (<a href="/wiki/Force_India_Grand_Prix_results" title="Force India Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racing_Point_Force_India" title="Racing Point Force India">Force India (Racing Point)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forti" title="Forti">Forti</a> (<a href="/wiki/Forti_racing_record" title="Forti racing record">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frazer_Nash" title="Frazer Nash">Frazer Nash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fry_(racing_team)" title="Fry (racing team)">Fry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilby_Engineering" title="Gilby Engineering">Gilby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordini" title="Gordini">Gordini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Greifzu" title="Paul Greifzu">Greifzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesketh_Racing" title="Hesketh Racing">Hesketh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_Hill" title="Embassy Hill">Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honda_in_Formula_One" title="Honda in Formula One">Honda</a> (<a href="/wiki/Honda_Grand_Prix_results" title="Honda Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HRT_Formula_1_Team" title="HRT Formula 1 Team">HRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hersham_and_Walton_Motors" title="Hersham and Walton Motors">HWM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaguar_Racing" title="Jaguar Racing">Jaguar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JBW" title="JBW">JBW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_Grand_Prix" title="Jordan Grand Prix">Jordan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jordan_Grand_Prix_results" title="Jordan Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kauhsen" title="Kauhsen">Kauhsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klenk" title="Klenk">Klenk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kojima_Engineering" title="Kojima Engineering">Kojima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurtis_Kraft" title="Kurtis Kraft">Kurtis Kraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Lancia" title="Scuderia Lancia">Lancia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larrousse" title="Larrousse">Larrousse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LDS_(automobile)" title="LDS (automobile)">LDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LEC_Refrigeration_Racing" title="LEC Refrigeration Racing">LEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyton_House_Racing" title="Leyton House Racing">Leyton House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_Racing_Engines" title="Life Racing Engines">Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89quipe_Ligier" title="Équipe Ligier">Ligier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lola_Cars" title="Lola Cars">Lola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haas_Lola" title="Haas Lola">Lola (Haas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MasterCard_Lola" title="MasterCard Lola">Lola (MasterCard)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Team_Lotus" title="Team Lotus">Lotus (1958–1994)</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lotus_Grand_Prix_results" title="Lotus Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Team_Lotus_(2010%E2%80%932011)" title="Team Lotus (2010–2011)">Lotus (2010–2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_F1" title="Lotus F1">Lotus (2012–2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyncar" title="Lyncar">Lyncar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maki_Engineering" title="Maki Engineering">Maki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_Engineering" title="March Engineering">March</a> (<a href="/wiki/March_Grand_Prix_results" title="March Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automobiles_Martini" title="Automobiles Martini">Martini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marussia_F1" title="Marussia F1">Marussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maserati_in_motorsport" title="Maserati in motorsport">Maserati</a> (<a href="/wiki/Maserati_Grand_Prix_results" title="Maserati Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equipe_Matra_Sports" title="Equipe Matra Sports">Matra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBM_(automobile)" title="MBM (automobile)">MBM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McGuire_(Formula_One)" title="McGuire (Formula One)">McGuire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merzario" title="Merzario">Merzario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midland_F1_Racing" title="Midland F1 Racing">Midland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Milano" title="Scuderia Milano">Milano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minardi" title="Minardi">Minardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modena_(racing_team)" title="Modena (racing team)">Modena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manor_Racing" title="Manor Racing">MRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onyx_Grand_Prix" title="Onyx Grand Prix">Onyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O.S.C.A." title="O.S.C.A.">OSCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osella" title="Osella">Osella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Racing" title="Pacific Racing">Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vel%27s_Parnelli_Jones_Racing" title="Vel's Parnelli Jones Racing">Parnelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Team_Penske" title="Team Penske">Penske</a> (<a href="/wiki/Penske_Grand_Prix_results" title="Penske Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porsche_in_motorsport" title="Porsche in motorsport">Porsche</a> (<a href="/wiki/Porsche_Grand_Prix_results" title="Porsche Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prost_Grand_Prix" title="Prost Grand Prix">Prost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protos_(constructor)" title="Protos (constructor)">Protos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racing_Point_F1_Team" title="Racing Point F1 Team">Racing Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAM_Racing" title="RAM Racing">RAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realpha" title="Realpha">Realpha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebaque" title="Rebaque">Rebaque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renault_in_Formula_One" title="Renault in Formula One">Renault</a> (<a href="/wiki/Renault_Grand_Prix_results" title="Renault Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reynard_Motorsport" title="Reynard Motorsport">Reynard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rial_Racing" title="Rial Racing">Rial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarab_(constructor)" title="Scarab (constructor)">Scarab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scirocco-Powell" title="Scirocco-Powell">Scirocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Racing_Cars" title="Shadow Racing Cars">Shadow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shannon_Racing_Cars" title="Shannon Racing Cars">Shannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simtek" title="Simtek">Simtek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_Racing" title="Spirit Racing">Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spyker_F1" title="Spyker F1">Spyker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stebro" title="Stebro">Stebro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_Grand_Prix" title="Stewart Grand Prix">Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Aguri_F1" title="Super Aguri F1">Super Aguri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surtees_Racing_Organisation" title="Surtees Racing Organisation">Surtees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Societ%C3%A0_Valdostana_Automobili" title="Società Valdostana Automobili">SVA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbot-Lago" title="Talbot-Lago">Talbot-Lago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tec-Mec" title="Tec-Mec">Tec-Mec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tecno_(motorsport)" title="Tecno (motorsport)">Tecno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Racing" title="Theodore Racing">Theodore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Toro_Rosso" title="Scuderia Toro Rosso">Toro Rosso</a> (<a href="/wiki/Toro_Rosso_Grand_Prix_results" title="Toro Rosso Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Token_Racing" title="Token Racing">Token</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toleman" title="Toleman">Toleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota_in_Formula_One" title="Toyota in Formula One">Toyota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan%E2%80%93Tauranac_Racing" title="Trojan–Tauranac Racing">Trojan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrrell_Racing" title="Tyrrell Racing">Tyrrell</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tyrrell_Grand_Prix_results" title="Tyrrell Grand Prix results">results</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanwall_(Formula_One_team)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanwall (Formula One team)">Vanwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veritas_(automobile)" title="Veritas (automobile)">Veritas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_Racing" title="Virgin Racing">Virgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Williams_Racing_Cars" title="Frank Williams Racing Cars">Williams (FWRC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Wolf_Racing" title="Walter Wolf Racing">Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakspeed" title="Zakspeed">Zakspeed</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andretti_Autosport#Formula_One" class="mw-redirect" title="Andretti Autosport">Andretti</a>-<a href="/wiki/Cadillac#Formula_One" title="Cadillac">Cadillac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audi_in_Formula_One" title="Audi in Formula One">Audi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bravo_F1" title="Bravo F1">Bravo F1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DAMS" title="DAMS">DAMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direxiv" title="Direxiv">Direxiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dome_(constructor)" title="Dome (constructor)">Dome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Racing" title="First Racing">FIRST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitech_Grand_Prix#Formula_One" title="Hitech Grand Prix">Hitech GP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Finance" title="Phoenix Finance">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prodrive_F1" title="Prodrive F1">Prodrive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Grand_Prix" title="Stefan Grand Prix">Stefan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/US_F1_Team" title="US F1 Team">US F1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span style="font-size:85%;">Although World Championship races held in 1952 and 1953 were run to Formula Two regulations, constructors who only participated during this period are included herein to maintain Championship continuity.<br />Constructors whose only participation in the World Championship was in the <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_500" title="Indianapolis 500">Indianapolis 500</a> races between 1950 and 1960 are not listed.</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Formula_One_World_Constructors&#039;_Champions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Formula_One_World_Constructors%27_Champions" title="Template:Formula One World Constructors' Champions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Formula_One_World_Constructors%27_Champions" title="Template talk:Formula One World Constructors' Champions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Formula_One_World_Constructors%27_Champions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Formula One World Constructors' Champions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Formula_One_World_Constructors&#039;_Champions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Constructors%27_Champions" title="List of Formula One World Constructors' Champions">Formula One World Constructors' Champions</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;padding:.5em 5em .5em 3em;;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <ul><li> </li> <li> </li> <li> </li> <li> </li> <li> </li> <li> </li> <li> </li> <li> </li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1958_Formula_One_season" title="1958 Formula One season">1958</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Vanwall_in_Formula_One" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanwall in Formula One">Vanwall</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/1959_Formula_One_season" title="1959 Formula One season">1959</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Cooper_Car_Company" title="Cooper Car Company">Cooper</a>-<a href="/wiki/Coventry_Climax" title="Coventry Climax">Climax</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1960_Formula_One_season" title="1960 Formula One season">1960</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Cooper_Car_Company" title="Cooper Car Company">Cooper</a>-<a href="/wiki/Coventry_Climax" title="Coventry Climax">Climax</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1961_Formula_One_season" title="1961 Formula One season">1961</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1962_Formula_One_season" title="1962 Formula One season">1962</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/British_Racing_Motors" title="British Racing Motors">BRM</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1963_Formula_One_season" title="1963 Formula One season">1963</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Team_Lotus" title="Team Lotus">Lotus</a>-<a href="/wiki/Coventry_Climax" title="Coventry Climax">Climax</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1964_Formula_One_season" title="1964 Formula One season">1964</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1965_Formula_One_season" title="1965 Formula One season">1965</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Team_Lotus" title="Team Lotus">Lotus</a>-<a href="/wiki/Coventry_Climax" title="Coventry Climax">Climax</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/1966_Formula_One_season" title="1966 Formula One season">1966</a></b>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brabham</a>-<a href="/wiki/Repco" title="Repco">Repco</a></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1967_Formula_One_season" title="1967 Formula One season">1967</a></b>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brabham</a>-<a href="/wiki/Repco" title="Repco">Repco</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1968_Formula_One_season" title="1968 Formula One season">1968</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Team_Lotus" title="Team Lotus">Lotus</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1969_Formula_One_season" title="1969 Formula One season">1969</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Equipe_Matra_Sports" title="Equipe Matra Sports">Matra</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1970_Formula_One_season" title="1970 Formula One season">1970</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Team_Lotus" title="Team Lotus">Lotus</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1971_Formula_One_season" title="1971 Formula One season">1971</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Tyrrell_Racing" title="Tyrrell Racing">Tyrrell</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1972_Formula_One_season" title="1972 Formula One season">1972</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Team_Lotus" title="Team Lotus">Lotus</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1973_Formula_One_season" title="1973 Formula One season">1973</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Team_Lotus" title="Team Lotus">Lotus</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/1974_Formula_One_season" title="1974 Formula One season">1974</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/McLaren" title="McLaren">McLaren</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1975_Formula_One_season" title="1975 Formula One season">1975</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1976_Formula_One_season" title="1976 Formula One season">1976</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1977_Formula_One_season" title="1977 Formula One season">1977</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1978_Formula_One_season" title="1978 Formula One season">1978</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Team_Lotus" title="Team Lotus">Lotus</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1979_Formula_One_season" title="1979 Formula One season">1979</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1980_Formula_One_season" title="1980 Formula One season">1980</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Williams_Grand_Prix_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Williams Grand Prix Engineering">Williams</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1981_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1981 Formula One World Championship">1981</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Williams_Grand_Prix_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Williams Grand Prix Engineering">Williams</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1982_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1982 Formula One World Championship">1982</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1983_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1983 Formula One World Championship">1983</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1984_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1984 Formula One World Championship">1984</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/McLaren" title="McLaren">McLaren</a>-<a href="/wiki/Techniques_d%27Avant_Garde" title="Techniques d'Avant Garde">TAG</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1985_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1985 Formula One World Championship">1985</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/McLaren" title="McLaren">McLaren</a>-<a href="/wiki/Techniques_d%27Avant_Garde" title="Techniques d'Avant Garde">TAG</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1986_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1986 Formula One World Championship">1986</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Williams_Grand_Prix_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Williams Grand Prix Engineering">Williams</a>-<a href="/wiki/Honda_in_Formula_One" title="Honda in Formula One">Honda</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1987_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1987 Formula One World Championship">1987</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Williams_Grand_Prix_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Williams Grand Prix Engineering">Williams</a>-<a href="/wiki/Honda_in_Formula_One" title="Honda in Formula One">Honda</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/1988_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1988 Formula One World Championship">1988</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/McLaren" title="McLaren">McLaren</a>-<a href="/wiki/Honda_in_Formula_One" title="Honda in Formula One">Honda</a></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1989_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1989 Formula One World Championship">1989</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/McLaren" title="McLaren">McLaren</a>-<a href="/wiki/Honda_in_Formula_One" title="Honda in Formula One">Honda</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1990_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1990 Formula One World Championship">1990</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/McLaren" title="McLaren">McLaren</a>-<a href="/wiki/Honda_in_Formula_One" title="Honda in Formula One">Honda</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1991_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1991 Formula One World Championship">1991</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/McLaren" title="McLaren">McLaren</a>-<a href="/wiki/Honda_in_Formula_One" title="Honda in Formula One">Honda</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1992_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1992 Formula One World Championship">1992</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Williams_Grand_Prix_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Williams Grand Prix Engineering">Williams</a>-<a href="/wiki/Renault_in_Formula_One" title="Renault in Formula One">Renault</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1993_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1993 Formula One World Championship">1993</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Williams_Grand_Prix_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Williams Grand Prix Engineering">Williams</a>-<a href="/wiki/Renault_in_Formula_One" title="Renault in Formula One">Renault</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1994_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1994 Formula One World Championship">1994</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Williams_Grand_Prix_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Williams Grand Prix Engineering">Williams</a>-<a href="/wiki/Renault_in_Formula_One" title="Renault in Formula One">Renault</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1995_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1995 Formula One World Championship">1995</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Benetton_Formula" title="Benetton Formula">Benetton</a>-<a href="/wiki/Renault_in_Formula_One" title="Renault in Formula One">Renault</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1996_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1996 Formula One World Championship">1996</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Williams_Grand_Prix_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Williams Grand Prix Engineering">Williams</a>-<a href="/wiki/Renault_in_Formula_One" title="Renault in Formula One">Renault</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1997_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1997 Formula One World Championship">1997</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Williams_Grand_Prix_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Williams Grand Prix Engineering">Williams</a>-<a href="/wiki/Renault_in_Formula_One" title="Renault in Formula One">Renault</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/1998_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1998 Formula One World Championship">1998</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/McLaren" title="McLaren">McLaren</a>-<a href="/wiki/Mercedes_AMG_High_Performance_Powertrains" title="Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains">Mercedes</a></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1999_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="1999 Formula One World Championship">1999</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/2000_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2000 Formula One World Championship">2000</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2001_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2001 Formula One World Championship">2001</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2002_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2002 Formula One World Championship">2002</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2003_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2003 Formula One World Championship">2003</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2004_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2004 Formula One World Championship">2004</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2005_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2005 Formula One World Championship">2005</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Renault_in_Formula_One" title="Renault in Formula One">Renault</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2006_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2006 Formula One World Championship">2006</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Renault_in_Formula_One" title="Renault in Formula One">Renault</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2007_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2007 Formula One World Championship">2007</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2008_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2008 Formula One World Championship">2008</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari" title="Scuderia Ferrari">Ferrari</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/2009_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2009 Formula One World Championship">2009</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Brawn_GP" title="Brawn GP">Brawn</a>-<a href="/wiki/Mercedes_AMG_High_Performance_Powertrains" title="Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains">Mercedes</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/2010_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2010 Formula One World Championship">2010</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Red_Bull_Racing" title="Red Bull Racing">Red Bull</a>-<a href="/wiki/Renault_in_Formula_One" title="Renault in Formula One">Renault</a></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2011_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2011 Formula One World Championship">2011</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Red_Bull_Racing" title="Red Bull Racing">Red Bull</a>-<a href="/wiki/Renault_in_Formula_One" title="Renault in Formula One">Renault</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2012_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2012 Formula One World Championship">2012</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Red_Bull_Racing" title="Red Bull Racing">Red Bull</a>-<a href="/wiki/Renault_in_Formula_One" title="Renault in Formula One">Renault</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2013_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2013 Formula One World Championship">2013</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Red_Bull_Racing" title="Red Bull Racing">Red Bull</a>-<a href="/wiki/Renault_in_Formula_One" title="Renault in Formula One">Renault</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2014_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2014 Formula One World Championship">2014</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_in_Formula_One" title="Mercedes-Benz in Formula One">Mercedes</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2015_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2015 Formula One World Championship">2015</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_in_Formula_One" title="Mercedes-Benz in Formula One">Mercedes</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2016_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2016 Formula One World Championship">2016</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_in_Formula_One" title="Mercedes-Benz in Formula One">Mercedes</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2017_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2017 Formula One World Championship">2017</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_in_Formula_One" title="Mercedes-Benz in Formula One">Mercedes</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2018_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2018 Formula One World Championship">2018</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_in_Formula_One" title="Mercedes-Benz in Formula One">Mercedes</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2019_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2019 Formula One World Championship">2019</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_in_Formula_One" title="Mercedes-Benz in Formula One">Mercedes</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/2020_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2020 Formula One World Championship">2020</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_in_Formula_One" title="Mercedes-Benz in Formula One">Mercedes</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2021_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2021 Formula One World Championship">2021</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_in_Formula_One" title="Mercedes-Benz in Formula One">Mercedes</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/2022_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2022 Formula One World Championship">2022</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Red_Bull_Racing" title="Red Bull Racing">Red Bull</a>-<a href="/wiki/Red_Bull_Powertrains" title="Red Bull Powertrains">RBPT</a></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2023_Formula_One_World_Championship" title="2023 Formula One World Championship">2023</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Red_Bull_Racing" title="Red Bull Racing">Red Bull</a>-<a href="/wiki/Honda_RBPT" class="mw-redirect" title="Honda RBPT">Honda RBPT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bernie_Ecclestone" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bernie_Ecclestone" title="Template:Bernie Ecclestone"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bernie_Ecclestone" title="Template talk:Bernie Ecclestone"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bernie_Ecclestone" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bernie Ecclestone"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bernie_Ecclestone" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Ecclestone" title="Bernie Ecclestone">Bernie Ecclestone</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Formula One</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_Promotional_Trophy_winners" title="List of Formula One Promotional Trophy winners">Bernie Ecclestone Trophy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brabham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formula_One_Constructors%27_Association" title="Formula One Constructors' Association">Formula One Constructors' Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formula_One_Group" title="Formula One Group">Formula One Management</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/F1_Digital%2B" title="F1 Digital+"><i>Bernie-Vision</i></a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Manor_(Los_Angeles)" title="The Manor (Los Angeles)">The Manor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queens_Park_Rangers_F.C." title="Queens Park Rangers F.C.">Queens Park Rangers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavica_Ecclestone" title="Slavica Ecclestone">Slavica Radić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamara_Ecclestone" title="Tamara Ecclestone">Tamara Ecclestone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Ecclestone" title="Petra Ecclestone">Petra Ecclestone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brabham&oldid=1255768997">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brabham&oldid=1255768997</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_auto_racing_teams" title="Category:British auto racing teams">British auto racing teams</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_racecar_constructors" title="Category:British racecar constructors">British racecar constructors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Defunct_motor_vehicle_manufacturers_of_England" title="Category:Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of England">Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of England</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Formula_One_constructors" title="Category:Formula One constructors">Formula One constructors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Formula_Two_constructors" title="Category:Formula Two constructors">Formula Two constructors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Formula_One_entrants" title="Category:Formula One entrants">Formula One entrants</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Formula_Two_entrants" title="Category:Formula Two entrants">Formula Two entrants</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vehicle_manufacturing_companies_established_in_1960" title="Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1960">Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1960</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vehicle_manufacturing_companies_disestablished_in_1992" title="Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1992">Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1992</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1960_establishments_in_England" title="Category:1960 establishments in England">1960 establishments in England</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1992_disestablishments_in_England" title="Category:1992 disestablishments in England">1992 disestablishments in England</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Auto_racing_teams_established_in_1960" title="Category:Auto racing teams established in 1960">Auto racing teams established in 1960</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Auto_racing_teams_disestablished_in_1992" title="Category:Auto racing teams disestablished in 1992">Auto racing teams disestablished in 1992</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Formula_One_World_Constructors%27_Champions" title="Category:Formula One World Constructors' Champions">Formula One World Constructors' Champions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_Formula_Three_teams" title="Category:British Formula Three teams">British Formula Three teams</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Formula_Three_constructors" title="Category:Formula Three constructors">Formula Three constructors</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Swedish-language_sources_(sv)" title="Category:CS1 Swedish-language sources (sv)">CS1 Swedish-language sources (sv)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_December_2021" title="Category:Use dmy dates from December 2021">Use dmy dates from December 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_multiple_image_with_auto_scaled_images" title="Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images">Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_December_2021" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2021">Articles with unsourced statements from December 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_January_2023" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from January 2023">Articles containing potentially dated statements from January 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements" title="Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements">All articles containing potentially dated statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons link from Wikidata">Commons link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_British_English_from_August_2010" title="Category:Use British English from August 2010">Use British English from August 2010</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 6 November 2024, at 15:49<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brabham&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-xqqpl","wgBackendResponseTime":158,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.462","walltime":"1.751","ppvisitednodes":{"value":12560,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":253720,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":23954,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":16,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":192663,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1340.729 1 -total"," 19.38% 259.875 2 Template:Reflist"," 12.40% 166.300 7 Template:Navbox"," 11.91% 159.669 1 Template:Former_F1_team"," 11.41% 152.926 1 Template:Infobox"," 10.31% 138.232 1 Template:Brabham"," 8.23% 110.363 3 Template:Cite_magazine"," 7.27% 97.533 20 Template:Flagicon"," 6.64% 89.007 1 Template:Short_description"," 5.75% 77.095 13 Template:Cite_news"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.658","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":9624097,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-7ztkk","timestamp":"20241122140804","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Brabham","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brabham","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q173103","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q173103","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-01-15T12:02:35Z","dateModified":"2024-11-06T15:49:49Z","headline":"British racing car manufacturer and Formula One racing team"}</script> </body> </html>