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Yawm al-Buath - Wikipedia
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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Course_of_conflict" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Course_of_conflict"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Course of conflict</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Course_of_conflict-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Course of conflict subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Course_of_conflict-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Preparations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Preparations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Preparations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Preparations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Day_of_Bu'ath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Day_of_Bu'ath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Day of Bu'ath</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Day_of_Bu'ath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Aftermath</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Aftermath subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Peace_talks" class="vector-toc-list-item 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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buath" title="Buath – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Buath" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AB" title="بعاث – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بعاث" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bataille_de_Bu%27ath" title="Bataille de Bu'ath – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bataille de Bu'ath" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battaglia_di_Bu%27ath" title="Battaglia di Bu'ath – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Battaglia di Bu'ath" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buas_jangi" title="Buas jangi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Buas jangi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalha_de_Buate" title="Batalha de Buate – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Batalha de Buate" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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.desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Yawm al-Buʿāth</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 610s CE</span></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Aws victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Banu_Aws" title="Banu Aws">Aws</a> </p> <ul><li>Supported by <a href="/wiki/Banu_Qurayza" title="Banu Qurayza">Banu Qurayza</a> and <a href="/wiki/Banu_Nadir" title="Banu Nadir">Banu Nadir</a></li> <li>Supported by <a href="/wiki/Ghassanids" title="Ghassanids">Ghassanids</a></li></ul></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Khazraj" class="mw-redirect" title="Khazraj">Khazraj</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Yawm al-Buʿāth</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a>: معرکة بُعاث) was a 7th-century battle in <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> that was fought between the two dominant tribes living there, the <a href="/wiki/Banu_Aws" title="Banu Aws">Aws</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Banu_Khazraj" title="Banu Khazraj">Khazraj</a>. The battle marked the final armed conflict between both tribes before their conversion to Islam after the arrival of the Islamic prophet <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Time_period">Time period</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yawm_al-Buath&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Time period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The events of this battle are dated to around the 610–620s within the 7th century CE.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This would also be consistent with the narrative that the battle occurred during the <a href="/wiki/Muhammad%27s_first_revelation" title="Muhammad's first revelation">arrival of prophethood of Muhammad</a>, and ended not too long before Muhammad arrived to Medina during the <a href="/wiki/Hijrah" title="Hijrah">Hijrah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yawm_al-Buath&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Aws and Khazraj tribes were known for their many armed rivalries throughout history.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the Aws were preparing for yet another war, they pleaded with the Jewish tribes of Qurayza and Nadir to assist them; the Jews were reluctant at first because the Khazraj had threatened to take their children hostage if they assisted the Aws.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, a tribal chief of Khazraj by the name of 'Amr ibn Nu'man al-Bayadi soon kidnapped hostages from the Jewish tribes and subsequently killed them when the Jews did not agree to give away a portion of their properties to the Khazraj.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Angered, the Jewish tribes would bitterly support the Aws in this war.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Course_of_conflict">Course of conflict</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yawm_al-Buath&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Course of conflict"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Preparations">Preparations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yawm_al-Buath&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Preparations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Aws put all of their efforts into gathering external support from other Arabian tribes, which was successful with the <a href="/wiki/Ghassanids" title="Ghassanids">Ghassanids</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Khazraj were unable to gain external support, so the whole group of Khazraj tribes, their branches included, were required to fight in the battle.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Day_of_Bu'ath"><span id="Day_of_Bu.27ath"></span>Day of Bu'ath</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yawm_al-Buath&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Day of Bu'ath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This day, known as the Day of Bu'ath, was when the actual battle itself occurred.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both armies met at a place known as Bu'ath, where they began the fighting. The Aws were losing at first; but then their chief, Hudayr al-Kata'ib ibn Simak al-Ashhali, shouted out to the Aws and reminded them of the evils and injustice done by the Khazraj towards their tribe.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Aws, motivated by this, persisted in their fight and then managed to kill a large number of Khazraji tribal warriors including 'Amr ibn Nu'man al-Bayadi. The Khazraj were ultimately defeated by the sudden reversal of power and then sounded the retreat.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yawm_al-Buath&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Peace_talks">Peace talks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yawm_al-Buath&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Peace talks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tired of fighting, the Aws and Khazraj elected <a href="/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_Ubayy" title="Abd Allah ibn Ubayy">'Abd Allah ibn Ubayy</a> as a ruler over Medina that ensured peace between both tribes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the arrival of the Islamic prophet Muhammad would lead to 'Abd Allah losing prominence in Medina.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arrival_of_Muhammad">Arrival of Muhammad</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yawm_al-Buath&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Arrival of Muhammad"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hijrah" title="Hijrah">Hijrah</a></div> <p>Muhammad arrived in Medina in 622<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> accompanied by his followers, the early Muslims, which included <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Umar_ibn_al-Khattab" class="mw-redirect" title="Umar ibn al-Khattab">Umar ibn al-Khattab</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bilal_ibn_Rabah" title="Bilal ibn Rabah">Bilal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both the tribes of Aws and Khazraj would engage in conversations with Muhammad; resulting in their conversion to Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were then united as the Muslim <a href="/wiki/Ansar_(Islam)" title="Ansar (Islam)">Ansar</a> unit, which fought alongside the <a href="/wiki/Muhajirun" title="Muhajirun">Muhajirun</a> unit against the <a href="/wiki/Quraysh" title="Quraysh">Quraysh</a> polytheist warriors in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Badr" title="Battle of Badr">Battle of Badr</a> in 624.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yawm_al-Buath&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basus_War" title="Basus War">Basus War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Badr" title="Battle of Badr">Battle of Badr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Uhud" title="Battle of Uhud">Battle of Uhud</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yawm_al-Buath&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The day of Hijrah is dated to 622 CE by modern academics.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yawm_al-Buath&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/db/eieo">"Encyclopaedia of Islam New Edition Online (EI-2 English)"</a>. <i>referenceworks</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=referenceworks&rft.atitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam+New+Edition+Online+%28EI-2+English%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brill.com%2Fdisplay%2Fdb%2Feieo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYawm+al-Buath" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sunnah.com/bukhari:3846">"Sahih al-Bukhari, Hadith 3846"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sahih+al-Bukhari%2C+Hadith+3846&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsunnah.com%2Fbukhari%3A3846&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYawm+al-Buath" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mubarakpuri, Saifur Rahman (2008). <i>The Sealed Nectar: Biography of the Noble Prophet</i>. Dar-us-Salam Publications. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9960899558" title="Special:BookSources/978-9960899558">978-9960899558</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani (2010). <i>Kitab al-Aghani</i>. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar Sadr. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9953130453" title="Special:BookSources/978-9953130453">978-9953130453</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarru2001" class="citation book cs1">Barru, Taufique (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shamela.ws/book/11084"><i>Tarikh al-'Arab al-Qadim</i></a> (2nd ed.). Beirut, Lebanon: Dar Al Fikr.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tarikh+al-%27Arab+al-Qadim&rft.place=Beirut%2C+Lebanon&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Dar+Al+Fikr&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Barru&rft.aufirst=Taufique&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fshamela.ws%2Fbook%2F11084&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYawm+al-Buath" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ibn Sa'd (1998). <i>Kitab Tabaqat al-Kubra</i> [<i>The Book of Major Classes</i>]. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar Sader.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ibn Hisham (2008). <i>The Prophetic Biography: Sirah of Ibn Hisham</i>. Dar Al Kutub Al Ilmiyah. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782745178114" title="Special:BookSources/9782745178114">9782745178114</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.canary‐54b8788c7c‐lfgc7 Cached time: 20241207021416 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.242 seconds Real time usage: 0.315 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1441/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 10563/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1265/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 25854/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.125/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4340082/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 290.935 1 -total 52.00% 151.273 2 Template:Reflist 30.94% 90.023 2 Template:Cite_web 26.98% 78.486 1 Template:Short_description 14.44% 42.024 2 Template:Pagetype 8.28% 24.090 9 Template:Main_other 7.85% 22.832 2 Template:Isbn 7.14% 20.776 1 Template:Main 7.06% 20.550 1 Template:SDcat 6.44% 18.724 1 Template:Infobox_military_conflict --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:77827048:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241207021423 and revision id 1261628954. 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