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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Related works subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Related_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Adaptations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adaptations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Adaptations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adaptations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sequels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sequels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Sequels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sequels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Species</i> (film)</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9_(%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85_1995)" title="الفصيلة (فيلم 1995) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الفصيلة (فيلم 1995)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC)" title="Асобіна (фільм) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Асобіна (фільм)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species,_esp%C3%A8cie_mortal" title="Species, espècie mortal – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Species, espècie mortal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species" title="Species – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Species" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_(Film)" title="Species (Film) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Species (Film)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specie_mortale" title="Specie mortale – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Specie mortale" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species" title="Species – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Species" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species" title="Species – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Species" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87_(%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85)" title="گونه (فیلم) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گونه (فیلم)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Mutante" title="La Mutante – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="La Mutante" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_(film)" title="Species (film) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Species (film)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species._Especies_asasinas" title="Species. Especies asasinas – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Species. Especies asasinas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%94%BC%EC%8B%9C%EC%A6%88_(%EC%98%81%ED%99%94)" title="스피시즈 (영화) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스피시즈 (영화)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_(film)" title="Species (film) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Species (film)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specie_mortale" title="Specie mortale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Specie mortale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%9F" title="מין מסוכן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מין מסוכן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_l%C3%A9ny" title="A lény – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="A lény" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%87" title="الفصيله – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الفصيله" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_(filem)" title="Species (filem) – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Species (filem)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_(film)" title="Species (film) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Species (film)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%94%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA_%E7%A8%AE%E3%81%AE%E8%B5%B7%E6%BA%90" title="スピーシーズ種の起源 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スピーシーズ種の起源" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_(Film)" title="Species (Film) – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Species (Film)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gatunek_(film)" title="Gatunek (film) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gatunek (film)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species" title="Species – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Species" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specii_(film)" title="Specii (film) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Specii (film)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8C_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC)" title="Особь (фильм) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Особь (фильм)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC)" title="Врсте (филм) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Врсте (филм)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peto_(elokuva)" title="Peto (elokuva) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Peto (elokuva)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_(film)" title="Species (film) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Species (film)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tehlikeli_T%C3%BCr_(film,_1995)" title="Tehlikeli Tür (film, 1995) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tehlikeli Tür (film, 1995)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC)" title="Особина (фільм) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Особина (фільм)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%82%E7%A7%8D" title="异种 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="异种" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q337747#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Species_(film)" title="View the content page [c]" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. 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Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1995 film by Roger Donaldson</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;">Species</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Species_1995_poster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Species_1995_poster.jpg/220px-Species_1995_poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="325" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/ed/Species_1995_poster.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="378" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Theatrical release poster</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Donaldson" title="Roger Donaldson">Roger Donaldson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Written by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Feldman" title="Dennis Feldman">Dennis Feldman</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Produced by</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Mancuso_Jr." title="Frank Mancuso Jr.">Frank Mancuso Jr.</a></li> <li>Dennis Feldman</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Kingsley" title="Ben Kingsley">Ben Kingsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Madsen" title="Michael Madsen">Michael Madsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Molina" title="Alfred Molina">Alfred Molina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Whitaker" title="Forest Whitaker">Forest Whitaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marg_Helgenberger" title="Marg Helgenberger">Marg Helgenberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natasha_Henstridge" title="Natasha Henstridge">Natasha Henstridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Cinematography</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Bartkowiak" title="Andrzej Bartkowiak">Andrzej Bartkowiak</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Edited by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Conrad_Buff_IV" title="Conrad Buff IV">Conrad Buff</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Music by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Young" title="Christopher Young">Christopher Young</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Production<br />companies</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="vertical-align: middle;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer_Pictures" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Pictures">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Pictures</a></li> <li>Frank Mancuso Jr. Productions<sup id="cite_ref-bfi_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bfi-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Distributed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">MGM/UA Distribution Co.</a><sup id="cite_ref-bfi_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bfi-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Release date</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist film-date"> <ul><li>July 7, 1995<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1995-07-07</span>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Running time</div></th><td class="infobox-data">108 minutes<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">$35 million<sup id="cite_ref-the-numbers_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-the-numbers-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Box office</th><td class="infobox-data">$113.3 million<sup id="cite_ref-the-numbers_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-the-numbers-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Species</b></i> is a 1995 American <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">science fiction</a> <a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">horror film</a> directed by <a href="/wiki/Roger_Donaldson" title="Roger Donaldson">Roger Donaldson</a> and written by <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Feldman" title="Dennis Feldman">Dennis Feldman</a>. It stars <a href="/wiki/Ben_Kingsley" title="Ben Kingsley">Ben Kingsley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Madsen" title="Michael Madsen">Michael Madsen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Molina" title="Alfred Molina">Alfred Molina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forest_Whitaker" title="Forest Whitaker">Forest Whitaker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marg_Helgenberger" title="Marg Helgenberger">Marg Helgenberger</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Natasha_Henstridge" title="Natasha Henstridge">Natasha Henstridge</a> in her film debut role. The film's plot concerns a motley crew of scientists and government agents who try to track down Sil (Henstridge), a seductive <a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_life" title="Extraterrestrial life">extraterrestrial</a>-human hybrid, before she successfully mates with a human male. </p><p>The film was conceived by Feldman in 1987, and was originally pitched as a <a href="/wiki/Film_treatment" title="Film treatment">film treatment</a> in the style of a <a href="/wiki/Police_procedural" title="Police procedural">police procedural</a>, entitled <i>The Message</i>. When <i>The Message</i> failed to attract the studios, Feldman re-wrote it as a <a href="/wiki/Spec_script" title="Spec script">spec script</a>, which ultimately led to the making of the film. The extraterrestrial aspect of Sil's character was created by <a href="/wiki/H._R._Giger" title="H. R. Giger">H. R. Giger</a>, who was also responsible for <a href="/wiki/Xenomorph_(Alien)" class="mw-redirect" title="Xenomorph (Alien)">the beings</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Alien_franchise" class="mw-redirect" title="Alien franchise"><i>Alien</i> franchise</a>. The effects combined practical models designed by Giger collaborator <a href="/wiki/Steve_Johnson_(special_effects_artist)" title="Steve Johnson (special effects artist)">Steve Johnson</a> and XFX, with <a href="/wiki/Computer-generated_imagery" title="Computer-generated imagery">computer-generated imagery</a> done by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Edlund" title="Richard Edlund">Richard Edlund</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Boss_Film_Studios" title="Boss Film Studios">Boss Film Studios</a>. Giger felt that the film and the character were too similar to <i>Alien</i>, so he pushed for script changes. </p><p>Most of the principal photography was done in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, where the film is set. Several scenes were filmed in <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> and at the <a href="/wiki/Arecibo_Observatory" title="Arecibo Observatory">Arecibo Observatory</a> in <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>. <i>Species</i> was met with mixed reviews from critics, who felt that the film's execution did not match the ambition of its premise, but nevertheless was a box office success, partly due to the hype surrounding Henstridge's nude scenes in various tabloid newspapers and <a href="/wiki/Lad_mags" class="mw-redirect" title="Lad mags">lad mags</a> of the time, grossing US$113.3 million ($227 million in 2023 dollars). It spawned a <a href="/wiki/Species_(film_series)" title="Species (film series)">franchise</a>, which includes one theatrical sequel (<i><a href="/wiki/Species_II" title="Species II">Species II</a></i>), as well as two <a href="/wiki/Television_film" title="Television film">direct-to-television</a> sequels (<i><a href="/wiki/Species_III" title="Species III">Species III</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Species_%E2%80%93_The_Awakening" title="Species – The Awakening">Species – The Awakening</a></i>). <i>Species</i> was adapted into a novel by <a href="/wiki/Yvonne_Navarro" title="Yvonne Navarro">Yvonne Navarro</a> and two comic book series by <a href="/wiki/Dark_Horse_Comics" title="Dark Horse Comics">Dark Horse Comics</a>, one of which was written by Feldman. The film may have also influenced the legend of the <a href="/wiki/Chupacabra" title="Chupacabra">chupacabra</a>. The film was mentioned by Podcast "The Red Thread" in reference to this relation to the chupacabra. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/SETI" class="mw-redirect" title="SETI">SETI</a> program, Earth's scientists send out transmissions, such as the <a href="/wiki/Arecibo_message" title="Arecibo message">Arecibo message</a>, with information about Earth and its inhabitants in the hopes of finding life beyond Earth. After receiving transmissions from an alien source on how to create limitless fuel and an alien DNA sample with instructions on how to splice it with that of humans, the scientists assume the aliens are friendly. Inspired by the second transmission, a government team led by Xavier Fitch commissions a genetic experiment meant to create a female alien/human hybrid organism under the belief that she would have "more docile and controllable" traits. They eventually produce a girl codenamed "Sil", who initially resembles a normal human and develops into a 12-year-old in three months. </p><p>Due to her violent outbursts while she is sleeping, the scientists deem her dangerous and prepare to kill her using <a href="/wiki/Cyanide" title="Cyanide">cyanide</a> gas, but she breaks out of her containment cell and escapes. Fearing she will mate with human males and produce offspring that will eventually exterminate the human race, the government assembles a team consisting of <a href="/wiki/Anthropologist" title="Anthropologist">anthropologist</a> Dr. Stephen Arden, <a href="/wiki/Molecular_biologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Molecular biologist">molecular biologist</a> Dr. Laura Baker, "<a href="/wiki/Telepath" class="mw-redirect" title="Telepath">empath</a>" Dan Smithson, and <a href="/wiki/Black_operation" class="mw-redirect" title="Black operation">black ops</a> <a href="/wiki/Mercenary" title="Mercenary">mercenary</a> Preston "Press" Lennox to track and kill Sil. Using her superhuman strength and intelligence and regenerative capability to evade capture, Sil matures rapidly into her early twenties and travels to Los Angeles, where she kills several people to prevent them from alerting authorities and disguises herself. </p><p>Press and Baker find Sil after she fails to mate with and kills Robbie, a <a href="/wiki/Diabetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Diabetic">diabetic</a> young man, and John Carey, a man she met following a car accident. She assumes her alien form and flees into a nearby forest, where she kidnaps a woman to assume her identity. Secretly returning to Carey's home to spy on Fitch, Sil <a href="/wiki/Lip_reading" title="Lip reading">reads his lips</a> and determines he and his team plan to stake out a nightclub to find her. After being spotted by Smithson, Sil lure her pursuers into a car chase wherein she leaves the woman she kidnapped to die while crashing the car into a high-voltage transformer and jumping out at the last minute. She later cuts and dyes her hair before developing an attraction towards Press, whom she dreamed of the previous night. Meanwhile, the government team celebrate Sil's apparent death at a hotel, where Sil stealthily stalks them. Arden, upset about being alone, goes to his room to find Sil waiting for him. They soon have sex, resulting in her instantly becoming pregnant before she kills him once he realizes who she is. Sensing her presence, Smithson alerts the remaining team members. Sil transforms once more and escapes into the sewers. The team pursue, but Sil kills Fitch before giving birth. Her offspring subsequently attacks Smithson, who incinerates it with a flamethrower while Press kills Sil with a grenade launcher. As the survivors leave, they fail to notice a rat gnawing on one of Sil's severed tentacles before mutating and killing another rat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cast">Cast</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cast"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natasha_Henstridge" title="Natasha Henstridge">Natasha Henstridge</a> as Sil <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Williams_(actress)" title="Michelle Williams (actress)">Michelle Williams</a> as Young Sil</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana_Hee" title="Dana Hee">Dana Hee</a> as Alien Sil</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Welker" title="Frank Welker">Frank Welker</a> as Alien Sil (voice)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Kingsley" title="Ben Kingsley">Ben Kingsley</a> as Xavier Fitch</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Madsen" title="Michael Madsen">Michael Madsen</a> as Preston "Press" Lennox</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Molina" title="Alfred Molina">Alfred Molina</a> as Dr. Stephen Arden</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Whitaker" title="Forest Whitaker">Forest Whitaker</a> as Dan Smithson</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marg_Helgenberger" title="Marg Helgenberger">Marg Helgenberger</a> as Dr. Laura Baker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whip_Hubley" title="Whip Hubley">Whip Hubley</a> as John Carey</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Guidera" title="Anthony Guidera">Anthony Guidera</a> as Robbie</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Ashford" title="Matthew Ashford">Matthew Ashford</a> as Man In Club</li> <li>Kurtis Burow as Baby Boy, Sil's Offspring</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influence_and_themes">Influence and themes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Influence and themes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since Sil grows rapidly and kills humans with ease, at a certain point film character Dr. Laura Baker speculates if she was a biological weapon sent by a species who thought humans were like an intergalactic <a href="/wiki/Weed" title="Weed">weed</a>. Feldman declared that he wanted to explore this theme further in the script, as it discussed mankind's place in the universe and how other civilizations would perceive and relate to humanity, considering that "maybe [humans are] not a potential threat, maybe a competitor, maybe a resource".<sup id="cite_ref-dvd1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dvd1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also declared that more could be said about Sil's existentialist doubts, as she does not know her origin or purpose, and only follows her instinct to mate and perpetuate the species.<sup id="cite_ref-dvd1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dvd1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Writing for the <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Popular_Film_%26_Television" title="Journal of Popular Film & Television">Journal of Popular Film & Television</a></i>, Susan George authored a paper that dealt with the portrayal of procreation in <i>Species</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Gattaca" title="Gattaca">Gattaca</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Mimic_(film)" title="Mimic (film)">Mimic</a></i>. George compares the character of Fitch to "an updated <a href="/wiki/Victor_Frankenstein" title="Victor Frankenstein">Dr. Frankenstein</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-george-2001_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-george-2001-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and explores the development of Sil's maternal aspirations, which convert the character into an "<a href="/wiki/Archaic_mother" title="Archaic mother">archaic mother</a>" figure similar to the <a href="/wiki/Xenomorph_(Alien_franchise)" class="mw-redirect" title="Xenomorph (Alien franchise)">xenomorph</a> creature in the <i><a href="/wiki/Alien_(franchise)" title="Alien (franchise)">Alien</a></i> series, both of which are, she claims, portrayed negatively.<sup id="cite_ref-george-2001_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-george-2001-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> George further states that a recurring theme in science fiction films is a response to "this kind of powerful <a href="/wiki/Female_sexuality" class="mw-redirect" title="Female sexuality">female sexuality</a> and 'alien-ness<span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>" in that "the feminine monster must die as Sil does at the end of <i>Species</i>".<sup id="cite_ref-george-2001_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-george-2001-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Feldman himself considered that an underlying theme regarded "a female arriving and seeking to find a superior mate".<sup id="cite_ref-dvd1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dvd1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A five-year investigation into accounts of the <a href="/wiki/Chupacabra" title="Chupacabra">chupacabra</a>, a well known <a href="/wiki/Cryptid" class="mw-redirect" title="Cryptid">cryptid</a>, revealed that the original sighting report of the creature in <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a> by Madeline Tolentino may have been inspired by the character Sil. This was detailed in paranormal investigator and skeptic <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Radford" title="Benjamin Radford">Benjamin Radford</a>'s book <i><a href="/wiki/Tracking_the_Chupacabra" title="Tracking the Chupacabra">Tracking the Chupacabra</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-radford-2011_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-radford-2011-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Virginia Fugarino of <a href="/wiki/Memorial_University_of_Newfoundland" title="Memorial University of Newfoundland">Memorial University of Newfoundland</a> writing for the <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Folklore_Research" title="Journal of Folklore Research">Journal of Folklore Research</a></i>, Radford found a link between the original eyewitness report and the design of Sil in her alien form, and hypothesized that "[<i>Species</i>], which [Tolentino] did see before her sighting, influenced what she believes she saw of the chupacabra".<sup id="cite_ref-fugarino-2011_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fugarino-2011-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Natasha_Henstridge_in_March_2012_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Natasha_Henstridge_in_March_2012_crop.jpg/220px-Natasha_Henstridge_in_March_2012_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Natasha_Henstridge_in_March_2012_crop.jpg/330px-Natasha_Henstridge_in_March_2012_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Natasha_Henstridge_in_March_2012_crop.jpg/440px-Natasha_Henstridge_in_March_2012_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1917" data-file-height="2556" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Natasha_Henstridge" title="Natasha Henstridge">Natasha Henstridge</a> made her theatrical debut playing Sil.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Writing_and_development">Writing and development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Writing and development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Feldman" title="Dennis Feldman">Dennis Feldman</a> had the idea for <i>Species</i> in 1987, as he worked on another film about an alien invasion,<sup id="cite_ref-origin_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-origin-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Real_Men_(film)" title="Real Men (film)">Real Men</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-dvd1_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dvd1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Having read an article by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Clarke" title="Arthur C. Clarke">Arthur C. Clarke</a> about the insurmountable odds against an extraterrestrial craft ever locating and visiting Earth, given that stellar distances are great, and <a href="/wiki/Faster-than-light" title="Faster-than-light">faster-than-light</a> travel is unlikely, Feldman started to think that it was "unsophisticated for any alien culture to come here in what [he]'d describe as a big tin can".<sup id="cite_ref-log_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-log-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus in turn he considered that the possibility of extraterrestrial contact was through information.<sup id="cite_ref-dvd1_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dvd1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then he detailed that a message would contain instructions from across the void to build something that would talk to men. Instead of a mechanical device, Feldman imagined <a href="/wiki/Wetware_(brain)" title="Wetware (brain)">wetware</a>. The visitor would adapt to Earth's environment through DNA belonging to Earth's organisms.<sup id="cite_ref-log_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-log-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mankind has sent to space transmissions "giving out directions" such as the <a href="/wiki/Arecibo_message" title="Arecibo message">Arecibo message</a>, which Feldman considered unwary, as they relay information to potential predators from outer space. He pointed out that "in nature, one species would not want a predator to know where it hides".<sup id="cite_ref-notes1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-notes1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Therefrom emerged a <a href="/wiki/Film_treatment" title="Film treatment">film treatment</a> called <i>The Message</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-dvd1_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dvd1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original script had more of a <a href="/wiki/Police_procedural" title="Police procedural">police procedural</a> approach, with the alien being created by a "bathtub geneticist"<sup id="cite_ref-log_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-log-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who had just had his project aborted by the government, and a biologist who had worked on the project getting along with a police officer to search for the creature. Eventually Feldman came to believe this concept had some credibility issues, and instead changed the protagonists to a government team. After coining the name "Sil", Feldman initially thought of forming an <a href="/wiki/Acronym" title="Acronym">acronym</a>, but in the end chose only the three-letter name after learning about the codons of the <a href="/wiki/Genetic_code" title="Genetic code">genetic code</a>, which can be represented in groups of three letters. Sil would originally emerge from a DNA sequence manipulating human DNA, and constantly mutate as she used the human <a href="/wiki/Junk_DNA" title="Junk DNA">junk DNA</a> to access "all the defenses of the entire animal kingdom that [humans] evolved through – including ones that had never developed, plus ones [Earth's scientists] don't know about that have become extinct".<sup id="cite_ref-log_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-log-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the research Feldman did for the script included going to sessions of <a href="/wiki/UCLA" class="mw-redirect" title="UCLA">UCLA</a>'s Center for the Study of Evolution and the Origin of Life (CSEOL), talking to <a href="/wiki/SETI" class="mw-redirect" title="SETI">SETI</a> scientists, and visiting the <a href="/wiki/Salk_Institute_for_Biological_Studies" title="Salk Institute for Biological Studies">Salk Institute for Biological Studies</a> to talk with researchers working on the <a href="/wiki/Human_Genome_Project" title="Human Genome Project">Human Genome Project</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dvd1_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dvd1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Message</i> was offered to several studios, but was passed up.<sup id="cite_ref-des_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-des-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1993, Feldman reworked his ideas into a <a href="/wiki/Spec_script" title="Spec script">spec script</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-des_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-des-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was sent to producer <a href="/wiki/Frank_Mancuso,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Mancuso, Jr.">Frank Mancuso, Jr.</a>, who had hired Feldman to adapt <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Kirkpatrick" class="mw-redirect" title="Sidney Kirkpatrick">Sidney Kirkpatrick</a>'s <i>A Cast of Killers</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-origin_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-origin-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The producer got attracted to the creative possibilities as the film offered "the challenge of walking that fine line between <a href="/wiki/Suspension_of_disbelief" title="Suspension of disbelief">believability</a> and pushing something as far as it can go".<sup id="cite_ref-notes1_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-notes1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> got interested on the project, and while Feldman had some initial disagreements on the budget, after considering other studios he signed with MGM.<sup id="cite_ref-log_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-log-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In turn, the now retitled <i>Species</i> attracted director <a href="/wiki/Roger_Donaldson" title="Roger Donaldson">Roger Donaldson</a>, who was attracted to its blend of science fiction and thriller. The script underwent eight different drafts, written over an eight-month period, before Donaldson was content that flaws in the story's logic had been corrected. At one point another writer, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Gross" title="Larry Gross">Larry Gross</a>, tried his hand with the script, but ultimately all the work was done by Feldman.<sup id="cite_ref-origin_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-origin-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Feldman would remain as a co-producer. While the initial <i>Species</i> script suggested a <a href="/wiki/Love_triangle" title="Love triangle">love triangle</a> between Sil and two government team members, the dissatisfaction of the crew eventually led to changes to the ending, which ended up featuring Sil having a baby that would immediately prove dangerous.<sup id="cite_ref-dvd1_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dvd1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When Donaldson was announced as the director in 1994, Mancuso stated that most of the $35 million budget would be spent on effects, as "it's not a movie that calls for stars. We're going to try and put as much money as we can below the line and allow the effects and the creature to be the highlights of the film".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lesser emphasis on actors included a newcomer, former model <a href="/wiki/Natasha_Henstridge" title="Natasha Henstridge">Natasha Henstridge</a>, as the human version of the creature Sil.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Design">Design</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HR_Giger_Frankfurt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/HR_Giger_Frankfurt.jpg/220px-HR_Giger_Frankfurt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/HR_Giger_Frankfurt.jpg/330px-HR_Giger_Frankfurt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/HR_Giger_Frankfurt.jpg/440px-HR_Giger_Frankfurt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1254" data-file-height="1077" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/H._R._Giger" title="H. R. Giger">H. R. Giger</a> with a Sil sculpture.</figcaption></figure> <p>Sil was designed by Swiss artist <a href="/wiki/H._R._Giger" title="H. R. Giger">H. R. Giger</a>, who also created the <a href="/wiki/Xenomorph_(Alien)" class="mw-redirect" title="Xenomorph (Alien)">creatures</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Alien_(franchise)" title="Alien (franchise)">Alien</a></i> films. Donaldson thought Giger was the best man for the film after reading his compendium <i><a href="/wiki/Necronomicon_(H._R._Giger)" class="mw-redirect" title="Necronomicon (H. R. Giger)">Necronomicon</a></i>, and eventually he and Mancuso flew to Switzerland to meet the artist. What attracted Giger was the opportunity to design "a monster in another way—an aesthetic warrior, also sensual and deadly, like the women look in [his] paintings".<sup id="cite_ref-origin_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-origin-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Giger opted to stay in Switzerland to take care of his dying mother instead of flying to Los Angeles to accompany production, he built some puppets in his own studio, and later faxed sketches and airbrush paintings as production went through.<sup id="cite_ref-origin_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-origin-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The practical models were made by <a href="/wiki/Steve_Johnson_(special_effects_artist)" title="Steve Johnson (special effects artist)">Steve Johnson</a> and his company XFX, which had already worked with Giger's designs in <i><a href="/wiki/Poltergeist_II:_The_Other_Side" title="Poltergeist II: The Other Side">Poltergeist II: The Other Side</a></i>. Giger had envisioned more stages of Sil's transformation, but the film only employed the last one, where she is "transparent outside and black inside—like a glass body but with carbon inside",<sup id="cite_ref-building_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-building-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with XFX doing the translucent skin based on what they had done for the aliens of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Abyss" title="The Abyss">The Abyss</a></i>. Sil's alien form had both full-body animatronics with replaceable arms, heads and torsos, and a body suit.<sup id="cite_ref-building_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-building-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Edlund" title="Richard Edlund">Richard Edlund</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Boss_Film_Studios" title="Boss Film Studios">Boss Film Studios</a> was hired for over 50 shots of <a href="/wiki/Computer-generated_imagery" title="Computer-generated imagery">computer-generated imagery</a>, which included one of the earliest forms of <a href="/wiki/Motion_capture" title="Motion capture">motion capture</a> effects. Using a two-foot-high (60 cm) electric puppet that had sensors translating its movements to a digital Sil, Boss Films managed to achieve in one day what would have once taken as much as three weeks with practical effects.<sup id="cite_ref-notes1_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-notes1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Giger was unhappy with some elements he found to bear similarity with other films, particularly the <i>Alien</i> franchise. At one point he sent a fax to Mancuso finding five similarities: a "chestburster" (as Sil giving birth echoed the infant Alien breaking out of its host's chest), the creature having a punching tongue (Giger at first wanted Sil's tongue to be composed of barbed hooks), a cocoon, the use of flame throwers, and having Giger as the creature designer. A great point of contention was the ending, which Giger considered derivative from the climaxes from both <i><a href="/wiki/Alien_3" title="Alien 3">Alien 3</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Terminator_2:_Judgment_Day" title="Terminator 2: Judgment Day">Terminator 2: Judgment Day</a></i>. The designer felt that horror films frequently held some final confrontation with fire, which he considered old-fashioned and linked to <a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_the_early_modern_period" title="Witch trials in the early modern period">medieval witch trials</a>. He sent some ideas for the climax to the producers, with them accepting to have Sil's ultimate death occurring by headshot.<sup id="cite_ref-origin_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-origin-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Filming">Filming</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Filming"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Filming happened mostly in Los Angeles, including location shooting at <a href="/wiki/Sunset_Strip" title="Sunset Strip">Sunset Strip</a>, <a href="/wiki/Silver_Lake,_Los_Angeles" title="Silver Lake, Los Angeles">Silver Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Palisades,_Los_Angeles" title="Pacific Palisades, Los Angeles">Pacific Palisades</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Hills" title="Hollywood Hills">Hollywood Hills</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Millennium_Biltmore_Hotel" class="mw-redirect" title="Millennium Biltmore Hotel">Biltmore Hotel</a>. Id Club, the nightclub featured in the film, was built within Hollywood's <a href="/wiki/Pantages_Theatre_(Hollywood)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pantages Theatre (Hollywood)">Pantages Theater</a>, while the hills above <a href="/wiki/Dodger_Stadium" title="Dodger Stadium">Dodger Stadium</a> near <a href="/wiki/Elysian_Park" title="Elysian Park">Elysian Park</a> were used for the car chase and crash where Sil fakes her death. For the opening scenes in <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tooele_Army_Depot" title="Tooele Army Depot">Tooele Army Depot</a> dubbed as the outside of the research facility—the interiors were shot at the <a href="/wiki/Rockwell_International_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Rockwell International Corporation">Rockwell International Corporation</a> laboratory in California—and a <a href="/wiki/Victorian-era" class="mw-redirect" title="Victorian-era">Victorian-era</a> train station in <a href="/wiki/Brigham_City,_Utah" title="Brigham City, Utah">Brigham City</a> was part of Sil's escape. Other locations included the <a href="/wiki/Santa_Monica_Pier" title="Santa Monica Pier">Santa Monica Pier</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Arecibo_Telescope" title="Arecibo Telescope">Arecibo Telescope</a> in <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>. The most complex sets involved the sewer complex and a tar-filled granite cavern where the ending occurs. Donaldson wanted a maze quality for the sewers, which had traces of realism (such as tree roots breaking through from the ceiling) and artistic licenses. Production designer John Muto intentionally designed the sewers wider and taller than real ones, as well as with walkways, but nevertheless aiming for a claustrophobic and realistic atmosphere. The tunnels were built out of structural steel, metal rod, plaster and concrete to endure the fire effects, and had its design based on the <a href="/wiki/La_Brea_Tar_Pits" title="La Brea Tar Pits">La Brea Tar Pits</a>, with Muto describing them as "just the sort of place in which a creature from another planet might feel at home".<sup id="cite_ref-notes2_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-notes2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Release">Release</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Release"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Species</i> received a wide theatrical release on July 7, 1995. Its opening weekend was $17.1 million, MGM's biggest opening at the time and ranked second in the box office ranking behind <i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_13_(film)" title="Apollo 13 (film)">Apollo 13</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Budgeted at $35 million, the film earned a total of $113 million worldwide ($227 million adjusted for inflation), including $60 million in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-the-numbers_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-the-numbers-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Audiences polled by <a href="/wiki/CinemaScore" title="CinemaScore">CinemaScore</a> during opening weekend gave the film an average grade of "B−" on a scale ranging from A+ to F.<sup id="cite_ref-cs_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cs-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/MGM_Home_Entertainment" title="MGM Home Entertainment">MGM Home Entertainment</a> released the film on <a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a> in March 1997, which contains a booklet with trivia and production notes,<sup id="cite_ref-dvd_release_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dvd_release-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and on <a href="/wiki/VHS" title="VHS">VHS</a> in August 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-the-numbers_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-the-numbers-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2006, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Home_Entertainment" title="Sony Pictures Home Entertainment">Sony Pictures Home Entertainment</a> released it on <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray</a>, whose supplements includes several featurettes as well as two <a href="/wiki/Audio_commentary" title="Audio commentary">audio commentary</a> tracks: one by director Roger Donaldson, Natasha Henstridge and Michael Madsen, and another from Donaldson, cinematographer Andrzej Bartkowiak, make-up effects creator Steve Johnson, visual effects supervisor Richard Edlund and producer Frank Mancuso Jr.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2017, <a href="/wiki/Scream_Factory" class="mw-redirect" title="Scream Factory">Scream Factory</a> released a <a href="/wiki/Special_edition" title="Special edition">collector's edition</a> Blu-ray, issued with a concoction of new and archival bonus contents which have been ported over from original DVD and Blu-ray versions.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On <a href="/wiki/Review_aggregator" title="Review aggregator">review aggregator</a> <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a>, the film received an approval rating of 42% based on 73 reviews, with an average rating of 5.30/10 and a critical consensus which reads: "<i>Species</i> shows flashes of the potential to blend exploitation and sci-fi horror in ingenious ways, but is ultimately mainly interested in flashing star Natasha Henstridge's skin".<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On <a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a>, the film has a <a href="/wiki/Weighted_arithmetic_mean" title="Weighted arithmetic mean">weighted average</a> score of 49 out of 100 based on 25 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a> gave it 2 out of 4 stars, criticizing the film's plot and overall lack of intelligence.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cristine James from <i><a href="/wiki/Boxoffice_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxoffice (magazine)">Boxoffice</a></i> magazine gave the film 2 out of 5 stars, describing it as "<i><a href="/wiki/Alien_(franchise)" title="Alien (franchise)">Alien</a></i> meets <i><a href="/wiki/V_(miniseries)" class="mw-redirect" title="V (miniseries)">V</a></i> meets <i><a href="/wiki/Splash_(film)" title="Splash (film)">Splash</a></i> meets <i><a href="/wiki/Playboy_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Playboy (magazine)">Playboy</a>'s Erotic Fantasies: Forbidden Liaisons</i>, diluted into a diffuse, misdirected bore".<sup id="cite_ref-boxoffice_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boxoffice-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/James_Berardinelli" title="James Berardinelli">James Berardinelli</a> gave the film 2½ out of 4 stars, stating that "as long as you don't stop to think about what's going on, <i>Species</i> is capable of offering its share of cheap thrills, with a laugh or two thrown in as well".<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Owen_Gleiberman" title="Owen Gleiberman">Owen Gleiberman</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a></i> found the film lacking in imagination and special effects, also commenting that Alfred Molina "sport[s] a haircut that's scarier than the creature".<sup id="cite_ref-Gleiberman_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gleiberman-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a>'</i>s review of the film described it as a "gripping if not overly original account of an extraterrestrial species attempting to overwhelm our own" and that Ben Kingsley and other lead actors "have only two-dimensional roles to engage them". The review notes the similarity between H.R. Giger's design of Sil and his work on <i>Alien</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scott Weinberg of <i><a href="/wiki/DVD_Talk" title="DVD Talk">DVD Talk</a></i> praised the acting, Feldman's screenplay and Donaldson's direction. He concluded by saying that <i>Species</i> makes for "a very good time for the genre fans".<sup id="cite_ref-dvd_talk_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dvd_talk-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Mick_LaSalle" title="Mick LaSalle">Mick LaSalle</a>, writing for <i><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle" title="San Francisco Chronicle">San Francisco Chronicle</a></i>, was notedly less enthusiastic, quipping that if "<i>Species</i> were a little bit worse, it would have a shot at becoming a camp classic".<sup id="cite_ref-lasalle_review_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lasalle_review-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i> critic Peter Rainer described <i>Species</i> as "a pretty good Boo! movie", finding it an entertaining thriller while unoriginal and with ineffective tonal shifts.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_works">Related works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Related works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adaptations">Adaptations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Adaptations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Yvonne_Navarro" title="Yvonne Navarro">Yvonne Navarro</a> co-wrote a <a href="/wiki/Novelization" title="Novelization">novelization</a> based on the original screenplay with Dennis Feldman. The book gives several in-depth details about the characters not seen in the film, such as Sil's ability to visualize odors and determine harmful substances from edible items by the color. Gas appears black, food appears pink, and an unhealthy potential mate appears to give off green fumes. Other character details include Preston's background in tracking down <a href="/wiki/AWOL" class="mw-redirect" title="AWOL">AWOL</a> soldiers as well as the process of decoding the alien signal. Although no clues are given as to its origin, it is mentioned that the message was somehow routed through several black holes to mask its point of origin.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An audiobook version narrated by Alfred Molina won the <a href="/wiki/Audie_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Audie Award">Audie Award</a> for Solo Performance.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Dark_Horse_Comics" title="Dark Horse Comics">Dark Horse Comics</a> published a four-issue comic book adapting the film, written by Feldman and penciled by <a href="/wiki/Jon_Foster_(artist)" title="Jon Foster (artist)">Jon Foster</a>. Dark Horse would also publish a mini-series with an all-new storyline,<sup id="cite_ref-log_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-log-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Species: Human Race</i>, released in 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/West_End_Games" title="West End Games">West End Games</a> released a <i>World of Species</i> <a href="/wiki/Sourcebook" title="Sourcebook">sourcebook</a> for its <a href="/wiki/Masterbook" title="Masterbook">Masterbook</a> <a href="/wiki/Role-playing_game" title="Role-playing game">role-playing game</a> system.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MGM had partnered with <a href="/wiki/Cyberdreams" title="Cyberdreams">Cyberdreams</a> to make a computer game based on the film, and while the company managed to release an H.R. Giger <a href="/wiki/Screen_saver" class="mw-redirect" title="Screen saver">screen saver</a> featuring <i>Species</i> images, the game never came to be due to Cyberdreams' closure.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sequels">Sequels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Sequels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Species_II" title="Species II">Species II</a>, <a href="/wiki/Species_III" title="Species III">Species III</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Species_%E2%80%93_The_Awakening" title="Species – The Awakening">Species: The Awakening</a></div> <p>The first sequel to <i>Species</i>, <i>Species II</i> was released theatrically on April 10, 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-species_2_opening_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-species_2_opening-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film depicts astronauts on a mission to <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a> being attacked by the aliens from <i>Species</i>, and the events that ensue upon their return to Earth. There, Dr. Baker has been working on Eve, a more docile clone of Sil. Madsen and Helgenberger reprised their roles, while Henstridge played Eve. <i>Species II</i> received overwhelmingly negative reviews from critics, garnering a 9% approval rating at <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-species_2_rt_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-species_2_rt-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Madsen denounced it as a terrible film.<sup id="cite_ref-madsen_sp2_interview_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-madsen_sp2_interview-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film's director, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Medak" title="Peter Medak">Peter Medak</a>, attributed the failure of the film to not picking up the infected rat ending of the original film.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Navarro later authored the novelization for <i>Species II</i> which followed the film's original screenplay with added scenes.<sup id="cite_ref-navarro-1998_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-navarro-1998-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The second sequel, <i><a href="/wiki/Species_III" title="Species III">Species III</a></i>, followed in 2004. It premiered on <a href="/wiki/Syfy" title="Syfy">Sci-Fi Channel</a> on November 27,<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a DVD release on December 7.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film's plot starts where <i>Species II</i> ends, revolving around <a href="/wiki/Sunny_Mabrey" title="Sunny Mabrey">Sunny Mabrey</a>'s character Sara, the daughter of Eve, reared by a doctor played by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Knepper" title="Robert Knepper">Robert Knepper</a>. Sara, an alien-human hybrid, seeks other hybrids to mate with. Henstridge appears in a cameo at the beginning of the film. Two out of six critics mentioned on Rotten Tomatoes gave it a positive rating,<sup id="cite_ref-species_3_rt_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-species_3_rt-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with <i>DVD Talk'</i>s reviewer noting that it is "a more cohesive and sensible flick than [<i>Species II</i>] is, but ultimately, it's just a lot of the same old schtick", while Film Freak Central called it "amateurish" and "vapid".<sup id="cite_ref-species_3_ffc_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-species_3_ffc-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A fourth film, <i>Species: The Awakening</i> came out in 2007, following the schedule of <i>Species III</i> of Sci-Fi Channel premiere and subsequent DVD release.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> None of the actors from the original film returned in this sequel, which instead starred <a href="/wiki/Helena_Mattsson" title="Helena Mattsson">Helena Mattsson</a> as the alien-hybrid seductress.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Splice_(film)" title="Splice (film)">Splice</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Under_the_Skin_(2013_film)" title="Under the Skin (2013 film)">Under The Skin</a></i> (2013)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-bfi-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bfi_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bfi_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160311183246/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b7dbb7cbe">"Species (1995)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b7dbb7cbe">the original</a> on March 11, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 21,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Species+%281995%29&rft.pub=British+Film+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bfi.org.uk%2Ffilms-tv-people%2F4ce2b7dbb7cbe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/60101"><i>Species</i></a> at the <em><a href="/wiki/AFI_Catalog_of_Feature_Films" title="AFI Catalog of Feature Films">AFI Catalog of Feature Films</a></em></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-the-numbers-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-the-numbers_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-the-numbers_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-the-numbers_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-the-numbers_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150908054819/http://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Species">"Species (1995) – Financial Information"</a>. <i>The Numbers</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Species">the original</a> on September 8, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Numbers&rft.atitle=Species+%281995%29+%E2%80%93+Financial+Information&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fmovie%2FSpecies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dvd1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dvd1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dvd1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dvd1_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dvd1_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dvd1_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dvd1_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dvd1_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dvd1_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"The Making of <i>Species</i>: The Origin", <i>Species</i> Definitive Edition DVD disk 2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-george-2001-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-george-2001_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-george-2001_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-george-2001_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeorge2001" class="citation journal cs1">George, Susan A. (2001). "Not exactly 'of woman born': Procreation and creation in recent science fiction films". <i>Journal of Popular Film & Television</i>. <b>28</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">176–</span>83. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F01956050109602839">10.1080/01956050109602839</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:191567924">191567924</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Popular+Film+%26+Television&rft.atitle=Not+exactly+%27of+woman+born%27%3A+Procreation+and+creation+in+recent+science+fiction+films&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E176-%3C%2Fspan%3E83&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F01956050109602839&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A191567924%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=Susan+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-radford-2011-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-radford-2011_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRadford2011" class="citation book cs1">Radford, Benjamin (March 15, 2011). <i>Tracking the Chupacabra: the Vampire Beast in Fact, Fiction and Folklore</i>. 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No. 218. pp. <span class="nowrap">78–</span>81<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from the original on March 29, 1997<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Creating+a+New+Species&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mgm.com%2Fspecies%2Finventory_species%2Fprod_creating.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-des-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-des_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-des_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGiger,_H.R.1996" class="citation book cs1">Giger, H.R. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Donaldson+on+MGM+pic&rft.date=1994-04-13&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F1994%2Ffilm%2Fnews%2Fdonaldson-on-mgm-pic-120093%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScapperotti,_Dan1996" class="citation magazine cs1">Scapperotti, Dan (June 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.littlegiger.com/articles/files/FemmeFatales_4_8.pdf">"Natasha Henstridge - Species' Sexy Seductress"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Femme_Fatales_(magazine)" title="Femme Fatales (magazine)">Femme Fatales</a></i>. Vol. 4, no. 8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180128134243/https://www.littlegiger.com/articles/files/FemmeFatales_4_8.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on January 28, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Femme+Fatales&rft.atitle=Natasha+Henstridge+-+Species%27+Sexy+Seductress&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=8&rft.date=1996-06&rft.au=Scapperotti%2C+Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.littlegiger.com%2Farticles%2Ffiles%2FFemmeFatales_4_8.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-building-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-building_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-building_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobley1996" class="citation journal cs1">Robley, Les Paul (March 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150911053747/http://www.littlegiger.com/articles/files/Cinefantastique_27_7.pdf">"Building Giger's alien"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Cinefantastique" title="Cinefantastique">Cinefantastique</a></i>. <b>27</b> (7): <span class="nowrap">23–</span>28. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.littlegiger.com/articles/files/Cinefantastique_27_7.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on September 11, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 19,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cinefantastique&rft.atitle=Building+Giger%27s+alien&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E23-%3C%2Fspan%3E28&rft.date=1996-03&rft.aulast=Robley&rft.aufirst=Les+Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.littlegiger.com%2Farticles%2Ffiles%2FCinefantastique_27_7.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-notes2-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-notes2_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19970329210744/http://www.mgm.com/species/inventory_species/prod_unnat.html">"An Unnatural Habitat"</a>. Archived from the original on March 29, 1997<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+Unnatural+Habitat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mgm.com%2Fspecies%2Finventory_species%2Fprod_unnat.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Natale, Richard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-07-10-ca-22273-story.html">Time Right for 'Species' to Emerge</a>, <i>Los Angeles Times</i>, July 10, 1995.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cs-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cs_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181220122629/https://www.cinemascore.com/publicsearch/index/title/">"Cinemascore"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cinemascore.com/publicsearch/index/title/">the original</a> on December 20, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cinemascore&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cinemascore.com%2Fpublicsearch%2Findex%2Ftitle%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dvd_release-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dvd_release_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTooze" class="citation web cs1">Tooze, Gary W. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dvdbeaver.com/film/DVDCompare5/species.htm">"Species Blu-ray - Natasha Henstridge"</a>. DVD Beaver. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041020064533/http://www.dvdbeaver.com/film/DVDCompare5/species.htm">Archived</a> from the original on October 20, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 21,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Species+Blu-ray+-+Natasha+Henstridge&rft.pub=DVD+Beaver&rft.aulast=Tooze&rft.aufirst=Gary+W.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dvdbeaver.com%2Ffilm%2FDVDCompare5%2Fspecies.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Species VHS</i>. <a href="/wiki/ASIN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ASIN (identifier)">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/6304509189">6304509189</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Species+VHS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2F6304509189%23id-name%3DASIN&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiebman2011" class="citation news cs1">Liebman, Martin (December 2, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blu-ray.com/movies/Species-Blu-ray/75/">"Species Blu-ray"</a>. Blu-ray.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180122001115/http://www.blu-ray.com/movies/Species-Blu-ray/75/">Archived</a> from the original on January 22, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 21,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Species+Blu-ray&rft.date=2011-12-02&rft.aulast=Liebman&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blu-ray.com%2Fmovies%2FSpecies-Blu-ray%2F75%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=21398">"Species Collector's Edition Blu-ray Detailed"</a>. Blu-ray.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170530034111/http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=21398">Archived</a> from the original on May 30, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 21,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Species+Collector%27s+Edition+Blu-ray+Detailed&rft.pub=Blu-ray.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blu-ray.com%2Fnews%2F%3Fid%3D21398&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/species/">"Species (1995)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Fandango_Media" title="Fandango Media">Fandango</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201043121/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/species/">Archived</a> from the original on December 1, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=Species+%281995%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2Fspecies%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metacritic.com/movie/species">"Species Reviews"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/CBS_Interactive" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS Interactive">CBS Interactive</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200722013132/http://www.metacritic.com/movie/species">Archived</a> from the original on July 22, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 22,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metacritic&rft.atitle=Species+Reviews&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.metacritic.com%2Fmovie%2Fspecies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEbert1995" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Ebert, Roger</a> (July 7, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150910022027/http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/species-1995">"Species Movie Review & Film Summary (1995)"</a>. <i>RogerEbert.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rogerebert.com/reviews/species-1995">the original</a> on September 10, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 17,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RogerEbert.com&rft.atitle=Species+Movie+Review+%26+Film+Summary+%281995%29&rft.date=1995-07-07&rft.aulast=Ebert&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frogerebert.com%2Freviews%2Fspecies-1995&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-boxoffice-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-boxoffice_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames1995" class="citation web cs1">James, Christine (July 7, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120313052904/http://www.boxoffice.com/reviews/theatrical/2008-08-species">"Species"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Boxoffice_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxoffice (magazine)">Boxoffice</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boxoffice.com/reviews/theatrical/2008-08-species">the original</a> on March 13, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 5,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Boxoffice&rft.atitle=Species&rft.date=1995-07-07&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxoffice.com%2Freviews%2Ftheatrical%2F2008-08-species&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerardinelli" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Berardinelli" title="James Berardinelli">Berardinelli, James</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://preview.reelviews.net/movies/s/species.html">"Species"</a>. <i>Reelviews</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191116032700/http://preview.reelviews.net/movies/s/species.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 16, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reelviews&rft.atitle=Species&rft.aulast=Berardinelli&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpreview.reelviews.net%2Fmovies%2Fs%2Fspecies.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gleiberman-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gleiberman_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGleiberman1995" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/Owen_Gleiberman" title="Owen Gleiberman">Gleiberman, Owen</a> (July 14, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151011091657/http://www.ew.com/article/1995/07/14/species">"Species"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ew.com/article/1995/07/14/species">the original</a> on October 11, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Entertainment+Weekly&rft.atitle=Species&rft.date=1995-07-14&rft.aulast=Gleiberman&rft.aufirst=Owen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ew.com%2Farticle%2F1995%2F07%2F14%2Fspecies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheshire1995" class="citation web cs1">Cheshire, Godfrey (June 30, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151016165602/https://variety.com/1995/film/reviews/species-1200441808/">"Species"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/1995/film/reviews/species-1200441808/">the original</a> on October 16, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 5,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Species&rft.date=1995-06-30&rft.aulast=Cheshire&rft.aufirst=Godfrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F1995%2Ffilm%2Freviews%2Fspecies-1200441808%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dvd_talk-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dvd_talk_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeinberg2005" class="citation web cs1">Weinberg, Scott (September 20, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151005121353/http://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/18429/species-trilogy/">"Species Trilogy"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/DVD_Talk" title="DVD Talk">DVD Talk</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/18429/species-trilogy/">the original</a> on October 5, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DVD+Talk&rft.atitle=Species+Trilogy&rft.date=2005-09-20&rft.aulast=Weinberg&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dvdtalk.com%2Freviews%2F18429%2Fspecies-trilogy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lasalle_review-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lasalle_review_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaSalle1995" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mick_LaSalle" title="Mick LaSalle">LaSalle, Mick</a> (December 8, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150415143840/http://www.sfgate.com/movies/article/FILM-REVIEW-Species-Suited-for-Extinction-3018783.php">"FILM REVIEW – 'Species' Suited for Extinction / Sexy sci-fi thriller is not quite camp"</a>. <i>SFGate.com</i>. <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle" title="San Francisco Chronicle">San Francisco Chronicle</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfgate.com/movies/article/FILM-REVIEW-Species-Suited-for-Extinction-3018783.php">the original</a> on April 15, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SFGate.com&rft.atitle=FILM+REVIEW+%E2%80%93+%27Species%27+Suited+for+Extinction+%2F+Sexy+sci-fi+thriller+is+not+quite+camp&rft.date=1995-12-08&rft.aulast=LaSalle&rft.aufirst=Mick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Fmovies%2Farticle%2FFILM-REVIEW-Species-Suited-for-Extinction-3018783.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRainer1995" class="citation web cs1">Rainer, Peter (July 7, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-07-07-ca-20985-story.html">"MOVIE REVIEW: 'Species' Provides a Few Screams and a Good Cast"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201114143544/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-07-07-ca-20985-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=MOVIE+REVIEW%3A+%27Species%27+Provides+a+Few+Screams+and+a+Good+Cast&rft.date=1995-07-07&rft.aulast=Rainer&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1995-07-07-ca-20985-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNavarroFeldman1995" class="citation book cs1">Navarro, Yvonne; Feldman, Dennis (June 1, 1995). <i>Species: A Novel</i>. Bantam. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-553-57404-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-553-57404-3"><bdi>978-0-553-57404-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Species%3A+A+Novel&rft.pub=Bantam&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.isbn=978-0-553-57404-3&rft.aulast=Navarro&rft.aufirst=Yvonne&rft.au=Feldman%2C+Dennis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.audiopub.org/winners/1996-audies">"1996 Audie Awards®"</a>. Audio Publishers Association. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170505081511/https://www.audiopub.org/winners/1996-audies">Archived</a> from the original on May 5, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 25,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1996+Audie+Awards%C2%AE&rft.pub=Audio+Publishers+Association&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.audiopub.org%2Fwinners%2F1996-audies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRennieHesterParks1997" class="citation book cs1">Rennie, Gordon; Hester, Phil; Parks, Ande (August 5, 1997). <i>Species: Human Race</i>. Dark Horse. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56971-219-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56971-219-1"><bdi>978-1-56971-219-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Species%3A+Human+Race&rft.pub=Dark+Horse&rft.date=1997-08-05&rft.isbn=978-1-56971-219-1&rft.aulast=Rennie&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft.au=Hester%2C+Phil&rft.au=Parks%2C+Ande&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoodruff1995" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Teeuwynn_Woodruff" title="Teeuwynn Woodruff">Woodruff, Teeuwynn</a> (1995). <i>The World of Species</i>. West End Games. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87431-364-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-87431-364-3"><bdi>0-87431-364-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+of+Species&rft.pub=West+End+Games&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-87431-364-3&rft.aulast=Woodruff&rft.aufirst=Teeuwynn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gillen, Marilyn A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rgsEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA94">"The Origin of a Multimedia 'Species'</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a></i> (July 1, 1995)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-species_2_opening-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-species_2_opening_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-apr-13-ca-38767-story.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'City of Angels' Takes Wing in Heavenly Opening Weekend"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>. April 13, 1998. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140404124317/http://articles.latimes.com/1998/apr/13/entertainment/ca-38767">Archived</a> from the original on April 4, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=%27City+of+Angels%27+Takes+Wing+in+Heavenly+Opening+Weekend&rft.date=1998-04-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1998-apr-13-ca-38767-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-species_2_rt-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-species_2_rt_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150407163317/http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/species_2/">"Species II (1998)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/species_2/">the original</a> on April 7, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=Species+II+%281998%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2Fspecies_2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-madsen_sp2_interview-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-madsen_sp2_interview_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIngham2009" class="citation web cs1">Ingham, Tim (October 27, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141017011105/http://metro.co.uk/2009/10/27/michael-madsen-242331/">"Michael Madsen"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Metro.co.uk" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro.co.uk">Metro.co.uk</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://metro.co.uk/2009/10/27/michael-madsen-242331/">the original</a> on October 17, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metro.co.uk&rft.atitle=Michael+Madsen&rft.date=2009-10-27&rft.aulast=Ingham&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmetro.co.uk%2F2009%2F10%2F27%2Fmichael-madsen-242331%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">Medak, Peter (director); Feldman, Dennis; Brancato, Chris (writers) (1998). <i>Species II</i> (DVD).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Species+II&rft.date=1998&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span> <a href="/wiki/DVD_commentary" class="mw-redirect" title="DVD commentary">DVD commentary</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-navarro-1998-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-navarro-1998_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNavarro1998" class="citation book cs1">Navarro, Yvonne (July 1998). <i>Species II: A Novel</i>. Tom Doherty Assoc Llc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8125-7075-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8125-7075-5"><bdi>978-0-8125-7075-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Species+II%3A+A+Novel&rft.pub=Tom+Doherty+Assoc+Llc&rft.date=1998-07&rft.isbn=978-0-8125-7075-5&rft.aulast=Navarro&rft.aufirst=Yvonne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">Turner, Brad (director); Ripley, Ben (writer) (November 27, 2004). <i>Species III</i> (Television film). Sci-Fi Channel.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Species+III&rft.pub=Sci-Fi+Channel&rft.date=2004-11-27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">Turner, Brad (director); Ripley, Ben (writer) (December 7, 2004). <i>Species III</i> (DVD). MGM.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Species+III&rft.pub=MGM&rft.date=2004-12-07&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-species_3_rt-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-species_3_rt_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150602125350/http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/species_iii/">"Species III (2004)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/species_iii/">the original</a> on June 2, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=Species+III+%282004%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2Fspecies_iii%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-species_3_ffc-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-species_3_ffc_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChow2013" class="citation web cs1">Chow, Walter (January 29, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905104532/http://www.filmfreakcentral.net/ffc/2013/01/species-iii-resident-evil-apocalypse.html">"Species III (2004) [Unrated Edition] + Resident Evil: Apocalypse (2004) [Special Edition] – DVDs"</a>. <i>Film Freak Central</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmfreakcentral.net/ffc/2013/01/species-iii-resident-evil-apocalypse.html">the original</a> on September 5, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Film+Freak+Central&rft.atitle=Species+III+%282004%29+%5BUnrated+Edition%5D+%2B+Resident+Evil%3A+Apocalypse+%282004%29+%5BSpecial+Edition%5D+%E2%80%93+DVDs&rft.date=2013-01-29&rft.aulast=Chow&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmfreakcentral.net%2Fffc%2F2013%2F01%2Fspecies-iii-resident-evil-apocalypse.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">Lyon, Nick (director); Ripley, Ben (writer) (September 29, 2007). <i>Species: The Awakening</i> (Television film). Sci-Fi Channel.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Species%3A+The+Awakening&rft.pub=Sci-Fi+Channel&rft.date=2007-09-29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">Lyon, Nick (director); Ripley, Ben (writer) (October 2, 2007). <i>Species: The Awakening</i> (DVD). MGM Home Video.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Species%3A+The+Awakening&rft.pub=MGM+Home+Video&rft.date=2007-10-02&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenderson2007" class="citation web cs1">Henderson, Stuart (October 1, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.popmatters.com/review/species-iv/">"Species IV"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/PopMatters" title="PopMatters">PopMatters</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151016171000/http://www.popmatters.com/review/species-iv/">Archived</a> from the original on October 16, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PopMatters&rft.atitle=Species+IV&rft.date=2007-10-01&rft.aulast=Henderson&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.popmatters.com%2Freview%2Fspecies-iv%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecies+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0114508/"><i>Species</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> 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id="Species167" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/wiki/Species_(film_series)" title="Species (film series)">Species</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Species</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Species_II" title="Species II">Species II</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Species_III" title="Species III">Species III</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Species_%E2%80%93_The_Awakening" title="Species – The Awakening">Species: The Awakening</a></i> (2007)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Roger_Donaldson" title="Template:Roger Donaldson"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Roger_Donaldson" title="Template talk:Roger Donaldson"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Roger_Donaldson" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Roger Donaldson"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Films_directed_by_Roger_Donaldson37" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Films directed by <a href="/wiki/Roger_Donaldson" title="Roger Donaldson">Roger Donaldson</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Dogs_(1977_film)" title="Sleeping Dogs (1977 film)">Sleeping Dogs</a></i> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Nutcase_(film)" title="Nutcase (film)">Nutcase</a></i> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Smash_Palace" title="Smash Palace">Smash Palace</a></i> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bounty_(1984_film)" title="The Bounty (1984 film)">The Bounty</a></i> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Marie_(1985_film)" title="Marie (1985 film)">Marie</a></i> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/No_Way_Out_(1987_film)" title="No Way Out (1987 film)">No Way Out</a></i> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Cocktail_(1988_film)" title="Cocktail (1988 film)">Cocktail</a></i> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Cadillac_Man" title="Cadillac Man">Cadillac Man</a></i> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/White_Sands_(film)" title="White Sands (film)">White Sands</a></i> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Getaway_(1994_film)" title="The Getaway (1994 film)">The Getaway</a></i> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Species</a></i> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Dante%27s_Peak" title="Dante's Peak">Dante's Peak</a></i> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Days_(film)" title="Thirteen Days (film)">Thirteen Days</a></i> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Recruit_(film)" title="The Recruit (film)">The Recruit</a></i> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_World%27s_Fastest_Indian" title="The World's Fastest Indian">The World's Fastest Indian</a></i> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bank_Job" title="The Bank Job">The Bank Job</a></i> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Seeking_Justice" title="Seeking Justice">Seeking Justice</a></i> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_November_Man" title="The November Man">The November Man</a></i> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/McLaren_(film)" title="McLaren (film)">McLaren</a></i> (2017)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&oldid=1275319320">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Species_(film)&oldid=1275319320</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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