CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Hutu - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"44852743-3563-450b-8cbc-281c53fa37a7","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Hutu","wgTitle":"Hutu","wgCurRevisionId":1274637531,"wgRevisionId":1274637531,"wgArticleId":59537,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1: long volume value","Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","\"Related ethnic groups\" needing confirmation","Articles needing additional references from November 2021","All articles needing additional references","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from November 2021","Articles with unsourced statements from July 2008","Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020", "All articles containing potentially dated statements","Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2006","Hutu","Bantu peoples"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Hutu","wgRelevantArticleId":59537,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader": true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q192647","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready", "jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.16"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Hutu - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Hutu rootpage-Hutu skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Hutu" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Hutu" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Hutu" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Hutu" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Origins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genetics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genetics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Genetics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Genetics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Genetics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Genetics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Y-DNA_(paternal_lineages)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Y-DNA_(paternal_lineages)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Y-DNA (paternal lineages)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Y-DNA_(paternal_lineages)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Autosomal_DNA_(overall_ancestry)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Autosomal_DNA_(overall_ancestry)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Autosomal DNA (overall ancestry)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Autosomal_DNA_(overall_ancestry)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-colonial_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-colonial_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Post-colonial history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-colonial_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hutu</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 62 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-62" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">62 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88" title="هوتو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هوتو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutular" title="Hutular – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hutular" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="هوتو‌لار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هوتو‌لار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%81" title="হুটু – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হুটু" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83" title="Хуту – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хуту" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83" title="Хуту – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хуту" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83" title="Хуту – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хуту" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutuov%C3%A9" title="Hutuové – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hutuové" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutuer" title="Hutuer – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hutuer" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutud" title="Hutud – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hutud" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Χούτου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χούτου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutuoj" title="Hutuoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hutuoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88" title="هوتو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هوتو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pobo_hutu" title="Pobo hutu – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pobo hutu" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9B%84%ED%88%AC%EC%A1%B1" title="후투족 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="후투족" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Հութու – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հութու" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%BAt%C3%BAar" title="Hútúar – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hútúar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%98%D7%95" title="הוטו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הוטו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3" title="ჰუტუ – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰუტუ" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abahutu" title="Abahutu – Rundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Abahutu" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="Rundi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wahutu" title="Wahutu – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Wahutu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutuenses" title="Hutuenses – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hutuenses" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutai" title="Hutai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Hutai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoto_(vahoaka)" title="Hoto (vahoaka) – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Hoto (vahoaka)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_(%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%87_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%87_%D9%81%D9%89_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%89)" title="هوتو (مجموعه عرقيه فى بوروندى) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هوتو (مجموعه عرقيه فى بوروندى)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaum_Hutu" title="Kaum Hutu – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kaum Hutu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%84" title="フツ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フツ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xutu" title="Xutu – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Xutu" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%82" title="ਹੂਤੂ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹੂਤੂ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9" title="ہوتو لوک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہوتو لوک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%BAtus" title="Hútus – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hútus" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83" title="Хуту – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хуту" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huutuu" title="Huutuu – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Huutuu" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83" title="Хуту – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хуту" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutut" title="Hutut – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hutut" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutuer" title="Hutuer – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hutuer" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B9%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81" title="ஹூட்டு இனக்குழு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஹூட்டு இனக்குழு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutular" title="Hutular – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hutular" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83" title="Хуту – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хуту" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Hutu" title="Người Hutu – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người Hutu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%9C%96%E6%97%8F" title="胡圖族 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="胡圖族" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Hutu" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%9B%BE%E6%97%8F" title="胡图族 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="胡图族" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q192647#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hutu" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Hutu" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hutu"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hutu"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Hutu" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Hutu" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&oldid=1274637531" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Hutu&id=1274637531&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHutu"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHutu"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Hutu&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hutu_people" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q192647" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group of the African Great Lakes region</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the African ethnic group. For the New Zealand native tree, see <a href="/wiki/Ascarina_lucida" title="Ascarina lucida">Ascarina lucida</a>. For the <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romanian</a> village of Huțu, see <a href="/wiki/G%C4%83iceana" title="Găiceana">Găiceana</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Houthi_tribe" class="mw-redirect" title="Houthi tribe">Houthi tribe</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Hutu<br /><small>Abahutu</small></caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a></th><td class="infobox-data">11.1–12 million (84%–90% of the total population)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/46px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a></th><td class="infobox-data">10.4 million (85% of the total population)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Kinyarwanda" title="Kinyarwanda">Kinyarwanda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kirundi" title="Kirundi">Kirundi</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Other <a href="/wiki/Rwanda-Rundi" title="Rwanda-Rundi">Rwanda-Rundi</a> peoples </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Hutu</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span></span>/</a></span></span>), also known as the <b>Abahutu</b>, are a <a href="/wiki/Bantu_peoples" title="Bantu peoples">Bantu</a> ethnic group which is native to the <a href="/wiki/African_Great_Lakes" title="African Great Lakes">African Great Lakes</a> region. They mainly live in <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a> where they form one of the principal ethnic groups alongside the <a href="/wiki/Tutsi" title="Tutsi">Tutsi</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Twa" title="Great Lakes Twa">Great Lakes Twa</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Rwanda" title="Demographics of Rwanda">Demographics of Rwanda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Burundi" title="Demographics of Burundi">Demographics of Burundi</a></div> <p>The Hutu is the largest of the three main population divisions in <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a>. Prior to 2017, the <a href="/wiki/CIA_World_Factbook" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA World Factbook">CIA World Factbook</a> stated that 84% of Rwandans and 85% of Burundians are Hutu, with <a href="/wiki/Tutsi_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tutsi people">Tutsis</a> being the second largest ethnic group at 15% and 14% of residents of Rwanda and Burundi, respectively. However, these figures were omitted in 2017 and no new figures have been published since then.<sup id="cite_ref-ciarw_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciarw-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ciabi_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciabi-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Twa" title="Great Lakes Twa">Twa</a> <a href="/wiki/Pygmy" class="mw-redirect" title="Pygmy">pygmies</a>, the smallest of the two countries' principal populations, share language and culture with the Hutu and Tutsi. They are distinguished by a considerably shorter stature.<sup id="cite_ref-britannicatwa_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannicatwa-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HRW-1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HRW-1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Origins_of_Hutu,_Tutsi_and_Twa" title="Origins of Hutu, Tutsi and Twa">Origins of Hutu, Tutsi and Twa</a></div> <p>The Hutu are believed to have first emigrated to the Great Lake region from <a href="/wiki/Central_Africa" title="Central Africa">Central Africa</a> in the great <a href="/wiki/Bantu_expansion" title="Bantu expansion">Bantu expansion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Luis_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Luis-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Various theories have emerged to explain the purported physical differences between them and their fellow <a href="/wiki/Bantu_languages" title="Bantu languages">Bantu</a>-speaking neighbors, the Tutsi. The Tutsi were pastoralists and are believed to have established aristocratic control over the sedentary Hutu and Twa. Through intermarriage with the Hutu, the Tutsi were gradually assimilated, culturally, linguistically, and racially.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Others suggest that the two groups are related but not identical, and they also suggest that the differences between them were exacerbated by Europeans,<sup id="cite_ref-udayton_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-udayton-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or they were exacerbated by a gradual, natural split, as those who owned cattle became known as the Tutsi and those who did not own cattle became known as the Hutu.<sup id="cite_ref-HRW-1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HRW-1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Mahmood_Mamdani" title="Mahmood Mamdani">Mahmood Mamdani</a> states that the <a href="/wiki/Belgian_colonial_empire" title="Belgian colonial empire">Belgian colonial power</a> designated people as Tutsi or Hutu on the basis of cattle ownership, physical measurements and church records.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The debate over the ethnic origins of the Hutu and Tutsi within Rwandan politics predates the <a href="/wiki/Rwandan_genocide" title="Rwandan genocide">Rwandan genocide</a>, and it continues to the present day,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the government of Rwanda no longer using the distinction. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genetics">Genetics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Genetics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Y-DNA_(paternal_lineages)"><span id="Y-DNA_.28paternal_lineages.29"></span>Y-DNA (paternal lineages)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Y-DNA (paternal lineages)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Modern-day genetic studies of the <a href="/wiki/Y_chromosome" title="Y chromosome">Y-chromosome</a> suggest that the Hutu, like the Tutsi, are largely of <a href="/wiki/Bantu_peoples" title="Bantu peoples">Bantu</a> extraction (83% <a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_E1b1a_(Y-DNA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup E1b1a (Y-DNA)">E1b1a</a>, 8% <a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_E2_(Y-DNA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup E2 (Y-DNA)">E2</a>). Paternal genetic influences associated with the <a href="/wiki/Horn_of_Africa" title="Horn of Africa">Horn of Africa</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a> are few (3% <a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_E1b1b_(Y-DNA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup E1b1b (Y-DNA)">E1b1b</a> and 1% <a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_R1b_(Y-DNA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup R1b (Y-DNA)">R1b</a>), and are ascribed to much earlier inhabitants who were assimilated. However, the Hutu have considerably fewer <a href="/wiki/Nilo-Saharan_languages" title="Nilo-Saharan languages">Nilo-Saharan</a> paternal lineages (4.3% B) than the Tutsi (14.9% B).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Autosomal_DNA_(overall_ancestry)"><span id="Autosomal_DNA_.28overall_ancestry.29"></span>Autosomal DNA (overall ancestry)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Autosomal DNA (overall ancestry)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In general, the Hutu appear to share a close genetic kinship with neighboring Bantu populations, particularly the Tutsi. However, it is unclear whether this similarity is primarily due to extensive genetic exchanges between these communities through intermarriage or whether it ultimately stems from common origins: </p> <blockquote><p>[...] generations of <a href="/wiki/Gene_flow" title="Gene flow">gene flow</a> obliterated whatever clear-cut physical distinctions may have once existed between these two Bantu peoples – renowned to be height, body build, and facial features. With a spectrum of physical variation in the peoples, Belgian authorities legally mandated ethnic affiliation in the 1920s, based on economic criteria. Formal and discrete social divisions were consequently imposed upon ambiguous biological distinctions. To some extent, the permeability of these categories in the intervening decades helped to reify the biological distinctions, generating a taller elite and a shorter underclass, but with little relation to the gene pools that had existed a few centuries ago. The social categories are thus real, but there is little if any detectable genetic differentiation between Hutu and Tutsi.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Tishkoff et al. (2009) found their mixed Hutu and Tutsi samples from Rwanda to be predominately of Bantu origin, with minor gene flow from <a href="/wiki/Afro-Asiatic_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-Asiatic languages">Afro-Asiatic</a> communities (17.7% Afro-Asiatic genes found in the mixed Hutu–Tutsi population).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Language">Language</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Hutu" title="Special:EditPage/Hutu">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hutu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Hutu.jpg/50px-Hutu.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Hutu.jpg/75px-Hutu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Hutu.jpg/100px-Hutu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="944" /></a><figcaption>A traditional Hutu <a href="/wiki/Throwing_knife" title="Throwing knife">throwing knife</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Hutus speak <a href="/wiki/Rwanda-Rundi" title="Rwanda-Rundi">Rwanda-Rundi</a> as their native tongue, which is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Bantu_languages" title="Bantu languages">Bantu</a> subgroup of the <a href="/wiki/Niger%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Niger–Congo languages">Niger–Congo</a> language family. Rwanda-Rundi is subdivided into the <a href="/wiki/Kinyarwanda" title="Kinyarwanda">Kinyarwanda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kirundi" title="Kirundi">Kirundi</a> dialects, which have been standardized as <a href="/wiki/Official_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Official languages">official languages</a> of Rwanda and Burundi, respectively. It is also spoken as a mother tongue by the Tutsi and Twa.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Additionally, a small portion of Hutu speak <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>, the other official language of Rwanda and Burundi, as a <a href="/wiki/Lingua_franca" title="Lingua franca">lingua franca</a>, although the population is dwindling given the poor relations between Rwanda and France.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-colonial_history">Post-colonial history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Post-colonial history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Juv%C3%A9nal_Habyarimana_(1980).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Juv%C3%A9nal_Habyarimana_%281980%29.jpg/220px-Juv%C3%A9nal_Habyarimana_%281980%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Juv%C3%A9nal_Habyarimana_%281980%29.jpg/330px-Juv%C3%A9nal_Habyarimana_%281980%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Juv%C3%A9nal_Habyarimana_%281980%29.jpg/440px-Juv%C3%A9nal_Habyarimana_%281980%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="916" data-file-height="1287" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Juv%C3%A9nal_Habyarimana" title="Juvénal Habyarimana">Juvénal Habyarimana</a>, Hutu president of Rwanda from 1973 to 1994</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hutu</a> militants</th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Rwandan_genocide" title="Rwandan genocide">Rwandan genocide</a> (1994)</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impuzamugambi" title="Impuzamugambi">Impuzamugambi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interahamwe" title="Interahamwe">Interahamwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwandan_Defence_Forces#Rwandan_Armed_Forces_~1960-1994" class="mw-redirect" title="Rwandan Defence Forces">Rwandan Armed Forces</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_refugee_crisis" title="Great Lakes refugee crisis">Refugee crisis</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Rassemblement_D%C3%A9mocratique_pour_le_Rwanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Rassemblement Démocratique pour le Rwanda">RDR</a> (1995–1996)</td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/First_Congo_War" title="First Congo War">1st</a> and <a href="/wiki/Second_Congo_War" title="Second Congo War">2nd Congo War</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_for_the_Liberation_of_Rwanda" title="Army for the Liberation of Rwanda">ALiR</a> (1996–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Forces_for_the_Liberation_of_Rwanda" title="Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda">FDLR</a> (2000–present)</li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hutu_militants" title="Template:Hutu militants"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hutu_militants" title="Template talk:Hutu militants"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hutu_militants" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hutu militants"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Belgian-sponsored <a href="/wiki/Rwandan_monarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Rwandan monarchy">Tutsi monarchy</a> survived until 1959 when <a href="/wiki/Kigeli_V_of_Rwanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Kigeli V of Rwanda">Kigeli V</a> was exiled from the colony (then called <a href="/wiki/Ruanda-Urundi" title="Ruanda-Urundi">Ruanda-Urundi</a>). In Burundi, Tutsis, who are the minority, maintained control of the government and military. In Rwanda, the political power was transferred from the minority Tutsi to the majority Hutu.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Rwanda, this led <a href="/wiki/Wind_of_destruction" class="mw-redirect" title="Wind of destruction">to the "Social revolution"</a> and Hutu and Tutsis conflicts. Tens of thousands of Tutsis were killed, and many others fled to neighboring countries, such as Burundi, <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a>, and forming the <a href="/wiki/Banyamulenge" title="Banyamulenge">Banyamulenge</a> Tutsi ethnic group in the South Kivu region of the <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Congo" title="Belgian Congo">Belgian Congo</a>. Later, exiled Tutsis from Burundi invaded Rwanda, prompting Rwanda to close its border to Burundi. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ikiza" title="Ikiza">a campaign of genocide</a> was conducted against the Hutu population in 1972,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and an estimated 100,000 Hutus died.<sup id="cite_ref-allan.stam.googlepages.com_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allan.stam.googlepages.com-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1993, Burundi's first democratically elected president, <a href="/wiki/Melchior_Ndadaye" title="Melchior Ndadaye">Melchior Ndadaye</a>, who was Hutu, was believed to be assassinated by Tutsi officers, as was the person constitutionally entitled to succeed him.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This sparked <a href="/wiki/1993_ethnic_violence_in_Burundi" title="1993 ethnic violence in Burundi">a counter-genocide in Burundi</a> between Hutu political structures and the Tutsi military, in which an estimated 500,000 Burundians died.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> There were many mass killings of Tutsis and moderate Hutus; these events were deemed to be a genocide by the United Nations International Commission of Inquiry for Burundi.<sup id="cite_ref-ICIBFR-496_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICIBFR-496-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While Tutsis remained in control of Burundi, the conflict resulted in <a href="/wiki/Genocide_in_Rwanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Genocide in Rwanda">genocide in Rwanda</a> as well.<sup id="cite_ref-HRW-2_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HRW-2-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Tutsi rebel group, the <a href="/wiki/Rwandan_Patriotic_Front" title="Rwandan Patriotic Front">Rwandan Patriotic Front</a>, invaded Rwanda from Uganda, which started a civil war against Rwanda's Hutu government in 1990. A peace agreement was signed, but violence erupted again, culminating in the <a href="/wiki/Rwandan_genocide" title="Rwandan genocide">Rwandan genocide</a> of 1994, when Hutu extremists killed<sup id="cite_ref-PBS_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PBS-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an estimated 800,000 Rwandans, mostly Tutsis.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>About 30% of the Twa pygmy population of Rwanda were also killed by the Hutu extremists.<sup id="cite_ref-irin_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irin-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, the Rwandan Patriotic Front took control of the country and is still the ruling party as of 2020<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>. Burundi is also currently governed by a former rebel group, the Hutu <a href="/wiki/National_Council_for_the_Defense_of_Democracy-Forces_for_the_Defense_of_Democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="National Council for the Defense of Democracy-Forces for the Defense of Democracy">CNDD–FDD</a>. </p><p>As of 2006<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, violence between the Hutu and Tutsi had subsided, but the situation in both Rwanda and Burundi was still tense, and tens of thousands of Rwandans were still living outside the country (see <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_refugee_crisis" title="Great Lakes refugee crisis">Great Lakes refugee crisis</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-ciarw_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciarw-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burundi_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Burundi Civil War">Burundi Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Burundi" title="History of Burundi">History of Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Rwanda" title="History of Rwanda">History of Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwanda_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Rwanda Civil War">Rwanda Civil War</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutu&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 33em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Since the Rwandan massacre, no ethnic census has been conducted an estimated 84 to 90 percent of the population is Hutu.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ciarw-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ciarw_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ciarw_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/rwanda/">"Rwanda: People"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">CIA World Factbook</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rwanda%3A+People&rft.pub=CIA+World+Factbook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Frwanda%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ciabi-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ciabi_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/burundi/">"Burundi: People"</a>. CIA World Factbook<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Burundi%3A+People&rft.pub=CIA+World+Factbook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fburundi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-britannicatwa-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-britannicatwa_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Twa">"Twa"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. 11 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Twa&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.date=2019-10-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FTwa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HRW-1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HRW-1_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HRW-1_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDes_Forges1999" class="citation book cs1">Des Forges, Alison (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-09.htm#P200_83746">"The Meaning of "Hutu," "Tutsi," and "Twa"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/media_2020/12/rwanda-leave-none-to-tell-the-story.pdf"><i>Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56432-171-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-56432-171-1"><bdi>1-56432-171-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Meaning+of+%22Hutu%2C%22+%22Tutsi%2C%22+and+%22Twa%22&rft.btitle=Leave+None+to+Tell+the+Story%3A+Genocide+in+Rwanda&rft.pub=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=1-56432-171-1&rft.aulast=Des+Forges&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Freports%2F1999%2Frwanda%2FGeno1-3-09.htm%23P200_83746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Luis-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Luis_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuisRowoldRegueiroCaeiro2004" class="citation journal cs1">Luis, J; Rowold, D; Regueiro, M; et al. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1182266">"The Levant versus the Horn of Africa: Evidence for Bidirectional Corridors of Human Migrations"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/American_Journal_of_Human_Genetics" title="American Journal of Human Genetics">American Journal of Human Genetics</a></i>. <b>74</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">532–</span>44. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F382286">10.1086/382286</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1182266">1182266</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14973781">14973781</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Human+Genetics&rft.atitle=The+Levant+versus+the+Horn+of+Africa%3A+Evidence+for+Bidirectional+Corridors+of+Human+Migrations&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E532-%3C%2Fspan%3E44&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1182266%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F14973781&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F382286&rft.aulast=Luis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.au=Rowold%2C+D&rft.au=Regueiro%2C+M&rft.au=Caeiro%2C+B&rft.au=Cinnioglu%2C+C&rft.au=Roseman%2C+C&rft.au=Underhill%2C+P&rft.au=Cavallisforza%2C+L&rft.au=Herrera%2C+R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1182266&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">International Institute of African Languages and Cultures, Africa, Volume 76, (Oxford University Press., 2006), pg 135.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-udayton-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-udayton_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVernellia_R.2006" class="citation web cs1">Vernellia R., Randall, ed. (2006-02-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://academic.udayton.edu/race/06hrights/GeoRegions/Africa/Rwanda01.htm">"Sexual Violence and Genocide Against Tutsi Women"</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dayton" title="University of Dayton">University of Dayton</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-01-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sexual+Violence+and+Genocide+Against+Tutsi+Women&rft.pub=University+of+Dayton&rft.date=2006-02-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Facademic.udayton.edu%2Frace%2F06hrights%2FGeoRegions%2FAfrica%2FRwanda01.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span> excerpt from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen2002" class="citation journal cs1">Green, Llezlie L. (Summer 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2272193">"Gender Hate Propaganda and Sexual Violence in the Rwandan Genocide: An Argument for Intersectionality in International Law"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Human_Rights_Law_Review" title="Columbia Human Rights Law Review">Columbia Human Rights Law Review</a></i>. <b>33</b> (733). <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2272193">2272193</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Columbia+Human+Rights+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Gender+Hate+Propaganda+and+Sexual+Violence+in+the+Rwandan+Genocide%3A+An+Argument+for+Intersectionality+in+International+Law&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=733&rft.date=2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2272193%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Llezlie+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2272193&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMamdani2001" class="citation book cs1">Mamdani, Mahmood (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=S2KYDwAAQBAJ&pg=PP1"><i>When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism, and the Genocide in Rwanda</i></a>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0691102805" title="Special:BookSources/0691102805"><bdi>0691102805</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=When+Victims+Become+Killers%3A+Colonialism%2C+Nativism%2C+and+the+Genocide+in+Rwanda&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0691102805&rft.aulast=Mamdani&rft.aufirst=Mahmood&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DS2KYDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewbury1998" class="citation journal cs1">Newbury, Catharine (1998). "Ethnicity and the Politics of History in Rwanda". <i><a href="/wiki/Africa_Today" title="Africa Today">Africa Today</a></i>. <b>45</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">7–</span>24. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4187200">4187200</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Africa+Today&rft.atitle=Ethnicity+and+the+Politics+of+History+in+Rwanda&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E7-%3C%2Fspan%3E24&rft.date=1998&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4187200%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Newbury&rft.aufirst=Catharine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuis2004" class="citation journal cs1">Luis, J. R.; et al. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1182266">"The Levant versus the Horn of Africa: Evidence for Bidirectional Corridors of Human Migrations"</a>. <i>American Journal of Human Genetics</i>. <b>74</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">532–</span>544. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F382286">10.1086/382286</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1182266">1182266</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14973781">14973781</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Human+Genetics&rft.atitle=The+Levant+versus+the+Horn+of+Africa%3A+Evidence+for+Bidirectional+Corridors+of+Human+Migrations&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E532-%3C%2Fspan%3E544&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1182266%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F14973781&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F382286&rft.aulast=Luis&rft.aufirst=J.+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1182266&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_C._Miller" title="Joseph C. Miller">Miller, Joseph C.</a> (ed.). <i>New Encyclopedia of Africa</i>. Vol. 2, <span class="nowrap">Dakar–</span>Hydrology. Charles Scribner's Sons.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Encyclopedia+of+Africa&rft.pub=Charles+Scribner%27s+Sons&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbellTishkoff2008" class="citation journal cs1">Campbell, Michael C.; Tishkoff, Sarah A. (September 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2953791">"African Genetic Diversity: Implications for Human Demographic History, Modern Human Origins, and Complex Disease Mapping"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Annual_Review_of_Genomics_and_Human_Genetics" title="Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics">Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics</a></i>. <b>9</b>: <span class="nowrap">403–</span>433. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.genom.9.081307.164258">10.1146/annurev.genom.9.081307.164258</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2953791">2953791</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18593304">18593304</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Genomics+and+Human+Genetics&rft.atitle=African+Genetic+Diversity%3A+Implications+for+Human+Demographic+History%2C+Modern+Human+Origins%2C+and+Complex+Disease+Mapping&rft.volume=9&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E403-%3C%2Fspan%3E433&rft.date=2008-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2953791%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18593304&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.genom.9.081307.164258&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Michael+C.&rft.au=Tishkoff%2C+Sarah+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2953791&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdekunle2007" class="citation book cs1">Adekunle, Julius (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=G8ByAAAAMAAJ&pg=PP1"><i>Culture and Customs of Rwanda</i></a>. Greenwood. p. 17. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-3133-3177-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-3133-3177-0"><bdi>978-0-3133-3177-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Culture+and+Customs+of+Rwanda&rft.pages=17&rft.pub=Greenwood&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-3133-3177-0&rft.aulast=Adekunle&rft.aufirst=Julius&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DG8ByAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBowenFreemanMiller1973" class="citation book cs1">Bowen, Michael; Freeman, Gary; Miller, Kay (1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BKRGAAAAMAAJ&pg=PP1"><i>Passing by; The United States and genocide in Burundi, 1972</i></a>. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Passing+by%3B+The+United+States+and+genocide+in+Burundi%2C+1972&rft.pub=Carnegie+Endowment+for+International+Peace&rft.date=1973&rft.aulast=Bowen&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Freeman%2C+Gary&rft.au=Miller%2C+Kay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBKRGAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">René Lemarchand, <i>Selective genocide in Burundi</i> (Report - Minority Rights Group; no. 20, 1974), 36 pp.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rene Lemarchand, <i>Burundi: Ethnic Conflict and Genocide</i> (New York: Woodrow Wilson Center and <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, 1996), 232 pp. <ul><li>Edward L. Nyankanzi, <i>Genocide: Rwanda and Burundi</i> (Schenkman Books, 1998), 198 pp.</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christian P. Scherrer, <i>Genocide and crisis in Central Africa: conflict roots, mass violence, and regional war</i>; foreword by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Melson_(political_scientist)" title="Robert Melson (political scientist)">Robert Melson</a>. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 2002.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Weissman, Stephen R. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usip.org/pubs/peaceworks/pwks22.html">Preventing Genocide in Burundi Lessons from International Diplomacy</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090311024548/http://www.usip.org/pubs/peaceworks/pwks22.html">Archived</a> 2009-03-11 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>", <a href="/wiki/United_States_Institute_of_Peace" title="United States Institute of Peace">United States Institute of Peace</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-allan.stam.googlepages.com-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-allan.stam.googlepages.com_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090325170615/http://allan.stam.googlepages.com/Rwandaoped0405042.pdf">"Rwanda 1994: Genocide + Politicide, Christian Davenport and Allan Stam"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://allan.stam.googlepages.com/Rwandaoped0405042.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2009-03-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-10-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rwanda+1994%3A+Genocide+%2B+Politicide%2C+Christian+Davenport+and+Allan+Stam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fallan.stam.googlepages.com%2FRwandaoped0405042.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">International Commission of Inquiry for Burundi: Final Report. Part III: Investigation of the Assassination. Conclusions at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usip.org/library/tc/doc/reports/burundi_coi/burundi_coi1996pt3.html#VII">USIP.org</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081201132151/http://www.usip.org/library/tc/doc/reports/burundi_coi/burundi_coi1996pt3.html">Archived</a> 2008-12-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ICIBFR-496-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ICIBFR-496_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">International Commission of Inquiry for Burundi (2002)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HRW-2-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HRW-2_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-09.htm#P233_103259">"The Hutu Revolution"</a>. Human Rights Watch. 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Hutu+Revolution&rft.pub=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.date=1999&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Freports%2F1999%2Frwanda%2FGeno1-3-09.htm%23P233_103259&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PBS-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PBS_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/evil/etc/slaughter.html">"Timeline of the genocide"</a>. PBS<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-12-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Timeline+of+the+genocide&rft.pub=PBS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwgbh%2Fpages%2Ffrontline%2Fshows%2Fevil%2Fetc%2Fslaughter.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/1288230.stm">"How the genocide happened"</a>. BBC. 2004-04-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=How+the+genocide+happened&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Fafrica%2F1288230.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-irin-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-irin_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061201053605/http://www.irinnews.org/webspecials/pygmy/52529.asp">"Minorities Under Siege: Pygmies today in Africa"</a>. UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irinnews.org/webspecials/pygmy/52529.asp">the original</a> on 2006-12-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-12-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Minorities+Under+Siege%3A+Pygmies+today+in+Africa&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irinnews.org%2Fwebspecials%2Fpygmy%2F52529.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHutu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethnic_groups_in_Burundi28" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Burundi" title="Template:Ethnic groups in Burundi"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethnic_groups_in_Burundi" title="Template talk:Ethnic groups in Burundi"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Burundi" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic groups in Burundi"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ethnic_groups_in_Burundi28" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Burundi" title="Ethnic groups in Burundi">Ethnic groups in Burundi</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hutu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutsi" title="Tutsi">Tutsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Twa" title="Great Lakes Twa">Great Lakes Twa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethnic_groups_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo104" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Template:Ethnic groups in the Democratic Republic of the Congo"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethnic_groups_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Template talk:Ethnic groups in the Democratic Republic of the Congo"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic groups in the Democratic Republic of the Congo"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ethnic_groups_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo104" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Ethnic groups in the Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples" title="Indigenous peoples">Indigenous</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alur_people" title="Alur people">Alur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyindu_people" title="Nyindu people">Nyindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amba_people" title="Amba people">Amba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avukaya_people" title="Avukaya people">Avukaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baka_people_(Congo_and_South_Sudan)" title="Baka people (Congo and South Sudan)">Baka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakwa_Dishi_tribe" title="Bakwa Dishi tribe">Bakwa Dishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banda_people" title="Banda people">Banda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banyamulenge" title="Banyamulenge">Banyamulenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barambu_people" title="Barambu people">Barambu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bemba_people" title="Bemba people">Bemba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bembe_people" title="Bembe people">Bembe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boa_people" title="Boa people">Boa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budu_people" title="Budu people">Budu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunda_people" title="Bunda people">Bunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bwile_people" title="Bwile people">Bwile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chokwe_people" title="Chokwe people">Chokwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dengese_people" title="Dengese people">Dengese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ef%C3%A9_people" title="Efé people">Efé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furiiru_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Furiiru people">Furiiru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garanganze_people" title="Garanganze people">Garanganze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gbaya_people" title="Gbaya people">Gbaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Twa" title="Great Lakes Twa">Great Lakes Twa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hema_people" title="Hema people">Hema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holoholo_people" title="Holoholo people">Holoholo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hutu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iyaelima_people" title="Iyaelima people">Iyaelima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakwa_people" title="Kakwa people">Kakwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kango_people" title="Kango people">Kango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kele_people_(Congo)" title="Kele people (Congo)">Kele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keliko_people" title="Keliko people">Keliko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongo_people" title="Kongo people">Kongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konjo_people" title="Konjo people">Konjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lega_people" title="Lega people">Lega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lele_people" title="Lele people">Lele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lendu_language" title="Lendu language">Lendu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logo_people" title="Logo people">Logo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luba_people" title="Luba people">Luba</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hemba_people" title="Hemba people">Hemba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lulua_people" title="Lulua people">Lulua</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lugbara_people" title="Lugbara people">Lugbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunda_people" title="Lunda people">Lunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lungu_people" title="Lungu people">Lungu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makere_people" title="Makere people">Makere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayogo_people" title="Mayogo people">Mayogo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbaka_people" title="Mbaka people">Mbaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangbetu_people" title="Mangbetu people">Mangbetu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbo_people_(Congo)" title="Mbo people (Congo)">Mbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbole_people" title="Mbole people">Mbole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbunda_people" title="Mbunda people">Mbunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbuti_people" title="Mbuti people">Mbuti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongo_people" title="Mongo people">Mongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongo_Twa" title="Mongo Twa">Mongo Twa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mono_people_(Congo)" title="Mono people (Congo)">Mono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moru_people" title="Moru people">Moru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mpama_people" title="Mpama people">Mpama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nande_people" title="Nande people">Nande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndaka_people" title="Ndaka people">Ndaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngando_people" title="Ngando people">Ngando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngata_people" title="Ngata people">Ngata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngbandi_people" title="Ngbandi people">Ngbandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyanga_people" title="Nyanga people">Nyanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pende_people" title="Pende people">Pende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanga_people" title="Sanga people">Sanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songora" class="mw-redirect" title="Songora">Songora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songye_people" title="Songye people">Songye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suku_people" title="Suku people">Suku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagbu_people" title="Tagbu people">Tagbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teke_people" title="Teke people">Teke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetela_people" title="Tetela people">Tetela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topoke_people" title="Topoke people">Topoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumbwe_people" title="Tumbwe people">Tumbwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turumbu_people" title="Turumbu people">Turumbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutsi" title="Tutsi">Tutsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vira_people" title="Vira people">Vira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wochua_people" title="Wochua people">Wochua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaka_people" title="Yaka people">Yaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanzi_people" title="Yanzi people">Yanzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakoma_people" title="Yakoma people">Yakoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yombe_people" title="Yombe people">Yombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yulu_people" title="Yulu people">Yulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zande_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Zande people">Zande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zyoba_people" title="Zyoba people">Zyoba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-indigenous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Chinese people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_people_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="White people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Europeans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greeks_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Greeks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Greeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="History of the Jews in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Jews</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethnic_groups_in_Rwanda27" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Rwanda" title="Template:Ethnic groups in Rwanda"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethnic_groups_in_Rwanda" title="Template talk:Ethnic groups in Rwanda"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Rwanda" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic groups in Rwanda"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ethnic_groups_in_Rwanda27" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Rwanda" title="Ethnic groups in Rwanda">Ethnic groups in Rwanda</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Twa" title="Great Lakes Twa">Great Lakes Twa</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hutu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiga_people" title="Kiga people">Kiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutsi" title="Tutsi">Tutsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahinda" title="Wahinda">Wahinda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethnic_groups_in_Tanzania525" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Tanzania" title="Template:Ethnic groups in Tanzania"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethnic_groups_in_Tanzania" title="Template talk:Ethnic groups in Tanzania"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Tanzania" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic groups in Tanzania"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ethnic_groups_in_Tanzania525" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Tanzania" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups in Tanzania">Ethnic groups in Tanzania</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arusha_Region" title="Arusha Region">Arusha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arusha_people" title="Arusha people">Arusha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datooga_people" title="Datooga people">Datooga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadza_people" title="Hadza people">Hadza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwa_people" title="Rwa people">Meru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonjo_people" title="Sonjo people">Sonjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maasai_people" title="Maasai people">Maasai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dar_es_Salaam_Region" title="Dar es Salaam Region">Dar es Salaam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swahili_people" title="Swahili people">Swahili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaramo_people" title="Zaramo people">Zaramo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dodoma_Region" title="Dodoma Region">Dodoma</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alagwa_people" title="Alagwa people">Alagwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burunge_people" title="Burunge people">Burunge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gogo_people" title="Gogo people">Gogo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorowa_people" title="Gorowa people">Gorowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangi_people" title="Rangi people">Rangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandawe_people" title="Sandawe people">Sandawe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geita_Region" title="Geita Region">Geita</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sukuma_people" title="Sukuma people">Sukuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumbwa_people" title="Sumbwa people">Sumbwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zinza_people" title="Zinza people">Zinza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iringa_Region" title="Iringa Region">Iringa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hehe_people" title="Hehe people">Hehe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbunga_people" title="Mbunga people">Mbunga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndamba_people" title="Ndamba people">Ndamba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kagera_Region" title="Kagera Region">Kagera</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hangaza_people" title="Hangaza people">Hangaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haya_people" title="Haya people">Haya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyambo_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyambo people">Nyambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shubi_people" title="Shubi people">Shubi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Katavi_Region" title="Katavi Region">Katavi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bembe_people" title="Bembe people">Bembe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bende_people" title="Bende people">Bende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konongo_people" title="Konongo people">Konongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pimbwe_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Pimbwe people">Pimbwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rungwa_people" title="Rungwa people">Rungwa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kigoma_Region" title="Kigoma Region">Kigoma</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goma_people" title="Goma people">Goma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ha_people" title="Ha people">Ha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holoholo_people" title="Holoholo people">Holoholo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiji_people" title="Jiji people">Jiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manyema" title="Manyema">Manyema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongwe_people" title="Tongwe people">Tongwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swahili_people" title="Swahili people">Swahili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinza_people" title="Vinza people">Vinza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kilimanjaro_Region" title="Kilimanjaro Region">Kilimanjaro</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaga_people" title="Chaga people">Chagga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngasa_people" title="Ngasa people">Ngasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pare_people" title="Pare people">Pare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lindi_Region" title="Lindi Region">Lindi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Machinga_people" title="Machinga people">Machinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matumbi_people" title="Matumbi people">Matumbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mwera_people" title="Mwera people">Mwera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makonde_people" title="Makonde people">Makonde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndonde_people" title="Ndonde people">Ndonde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngindo_people" title="Ngindo people">Ngindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swahili_people" title="Swahili people">Swahili</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Manyara_Region" title="Manyara Region">Manyara</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akie_people" title="Akie people">Akie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asa_people" title="Asa people">Asa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barabaig_people" title="Barabaig people">Barabaig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqw_people" title="Iraqw people">Iraqw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kw%27adza_people" title="Kw'adza people">Kw'adza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maasai_people" title="Maasai people">Maasai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbugwe_people" title="Mbugwe people">Mbugwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mara_Region" title="Mara Region">Mara</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ikizu_people" title="Ikizu people">Ikizu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikoma_people" title="Ikoma people">Ikoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jita_people" title="Jita people">Jita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabwa_people" title="Kabwa people">Kabwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuria_people" title="Kuria people">Kuria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngurimi_people" title="Ngurimi people">Ngurimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suba_people_(Tanzania)" title="Suba people (Tanzania)">Suba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ware_people" title="Ware people">Ware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanaki_people" title="Zanaki people">Zanaki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mbeya_Region" title="Mbeya Region">Mbeya</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kimbu_people" title="Kimbu people">Kimbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyakyusa_people" title="Nyakyusa people">Nyakyusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyiha_people" title="Nyiha people">Nyiha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safwa_people" title="Safwa people">Safwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangu_people" title="Sangu people">Sangu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Morogoro_Region" title="Morogoro Region">Morogoro</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaguru_people" title="Kaguru people">Kaguru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutu_people" title="Kutu people">Kutu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luguru_people" title="Luguru people">Luguru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pogolo_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Pogolo people">Pogolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagara_people" title="Sagara people">Sagara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidunda_people" title="Vidunda people">Vidunda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mtwara_Region" title="Mtwara Region">Mtwara</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Makonde_people" title="Makonde people">Makonde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makua_people" title="Makua people">Makua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maviha_people" title="Maviha people">Maviha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swahili_people" title="Swahili people">Swahili</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mwanza_Region" title="Mwanza Region">Mwanza</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kara_people_(Tanzania)" title="Kara people (Tanzania)">Kara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerewe_people" title="Kerewe people">Kerewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukuma_people" title="Sukuma people">Sukuma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Njombe_Region" title="Njombe Region">Njombe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bena_people" title="Bena people">Bena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinga_people" title="Kinga people">Kinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kisi_people" title="Kisi people">Kisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manda_people" title="Manda people">Manda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangwa_language" title="Pangwa language">Pangwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanji_people" title="Wanji people">Wanji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pwani_Region" title="Pwani Region">Pwani</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doe_people" title="Doe people">Doe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kami_people" title="Kami people">Kami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndengereko_people" title="Ndengereko people">Ndengereko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufiji_people" title="Rufiji people">Rufiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swahili_people" title="Swahili people">Swahili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaramo_people" title="Zaramo people">Zaramo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zigula_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Zigula people">Zigula</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rukwa_Region" title="Rukwa Region">Rukwa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fipa_people" title="Fipa people">Fipa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lungu_people" title="Lungu people">Lungu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mambwe_people" title="Mambwe people">Mambwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumbuka_people" title="Tumbuka people">Tumbuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanda_people" title="Wanda people">Wanda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ruvuma_Region" title="Ruvuma Region">Ruvuma</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matengo_people" title="Matengo people">Matengo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mpoto_people" title="Mpoto people">Mpoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndendeule_people" title="Ndendeule people">Ndendeule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngoni_people" title="Ngoni people">Ngoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nindi_people" title="Nindi people">Nindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao_people_(East_Africa)" title="Yao people (East Africa)">Yao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shinyanga_Region" title="Shinyanga Region">Shinyanga</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iramba_people" title="Iramba people">Iramba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukuma_people" title="Sukuma people">Sukuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyamwezi_people" title="Nyamwezi people">Nyamwezi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Simiyu_Region" title="Simiyu Region">Simiyu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sukuma_people" title="Sukuma people">Sukuma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Singida_Region" title="Singida Region">Singida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iramba_people" title="Iramba people">Iramba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isanzu_people" title="Isanzu people">Isanzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turu_people_(Tanzania)" title="Turu people (Tanzania)">Nyaturu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Songwe_Region" title="Songwe Region">Songwe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malila_people" title="Malila people">Malila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyamwanga" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyamwanga">Nyamwanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndali_people" title="Ndali people">Ndali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambya_people" title="Lambya people">Lambya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tabora_Region" title="Tabora Region">Tabora</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nyamwezi_people" title="Nyamwezi people">Nyamwezi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyanyembe_tribe" title="Nyanyembe tribe">Nyanyembe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swahili_people" title="Swahili people">Swahili</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tanga_Region" title="Tanga Region">Tanga</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bondei_people" title="Bondei people">Bondei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhaiso_people" title="Dhaiso people">Dhaiso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbugu_people" title="Mbugu people">Mbugu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngulu_people" title="Ngulu people">Ngulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segeju_people" title="Segeju people">Segeju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shambaa_people" title="Shambaa people">Sambaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zigula_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Zigula people">Zigula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swahili_people" title="Swahili people">Swahili</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zanzibar" title="Zanzibar">Zanzibar</a> & <a href="/wiki/Pemba_Island" title="Pemba Island">Pemba</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hadimu" title="Hadimu">Hadimu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirazi_people" title="Shirazi people">Shirazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swahili_people" title="Swahili people">Swahili</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Immigrants" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigrants">Immigrants</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_Africans_of_European_ancestry" title="White Africans of European ancestry">White Tanzanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_Tanzania" title="Chinese people in Tanzania">Chinese Tanzanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indians_in_Tanzania" title="Indians in Tanzania">Indian Tanzanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">Arabs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192647#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1050" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192647#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1050" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192647#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85011016">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12008668n">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12008668n">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Hutuové"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph285155&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007284639105171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/02820400X">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hutu&oldid=1274637531">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hutu&oldid=1274637531</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hutu" title="Category:Hutu">Hutu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bantu_peoples" title="Category:Bantu peoples">Bantu peoples</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="Category:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%22Related_ethnic_groups%22_needing_confirmation" title="Category:"Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation">"Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_November_2021" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from November 2021">Articles needing additional references from November 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_November_2021" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from November 2021">Articles with unsourced statements from November 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_July_2008" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from July 2008">Articles with unsourced statements from July 2008</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2020" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements" title="Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements">All articles containing potentially dated statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2006" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2006">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2006</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 8 February 2025, at 13:27<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hutu&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hutu</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>62 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-hllj9","wgBackendResponseTime":120,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.693","walltime":"0.877","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4085,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":120681,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":5060,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":14,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":123557,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 760.617 1 -total"," 29.85% 227.015 1 Template:Reflist"," 15.36% 116.854 1 Template:Hutu_militants"," 15.08% 114.728 1 Template:Sidebar"," 13.72% 104.321 6 Template:Cite_web"," 10.77% 81.903 2 Template:Short_description"," 8.54% 64.977 1 Template:Infobox_ethnic_group"," 6.05% 46.031 1 Template:Authority_control"," 5.91% 44.977 4 Template:Pagetype"," 5.78% 43.952 4 Template:Navbox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.438","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":7899835,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-5b65fffc7d-kjd6x","timestamp":"20250214164752","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Hutu","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hutu","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q192647","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q192647","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-06-26T03:11:22Z","dateModified":"2025-02-08T13:27:12Z","headline":"ethnic group native to the Great Lakes region of Africa"}</script> </body> </html>