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acerca do proxecto, do que pode facer e dos lugares onde atopar as cousas"><span>Portal da comunidade</span></a></li><li id="n-A-Taberna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:A_Taberna"><span>A Taberna</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Actualidade" title="Información acerca de acontecementos de actualidade"><span>Actualidade</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Cambios_recentes" title="A lista de modificacións recentes no wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Cambios recentes</span></a></li><li id="n-Artigos-de-calidade" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artigos_de_calidade"><span>Artigos de calidade</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Ao_chou" title="Cargar unha páxina ao chou [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Páxina ao chou</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Axuda" title="O lugar para 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href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_gl.wikipedia.org&uselang=gl" class=""><span>Doazóns</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_unha_conta&returnto=Nirvana" title="É recomendable que cree unha conta e acceda ao sistema, se ben non é obrigatorio" class=""><span>Crear unha conta</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Iniciar_sesi%C3%B3n&returnto=Nirvana" title="É recomendable que se rexistre, se ben non é obrigatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Acceder ao sistema</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Máis opcións" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramentas persoais" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ferramentas persoais</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú de usuario" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_gl.wikipedia.org&uselang=gl"><span>Doazóns</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_unha_conta&returnto=Nirvana" title="É recomendable que cree unha conta e acceda ao sistema, se ben non é obrigatorio"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crear unha conta</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Iniciar_sesi%C3%B3n&returnto=Nirvana" title="É recomendable que se rexistre, se ben non é obrigatorio [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Acceder ao sistema</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Páxinas para os editores sen a sesión iniciada <a href="/wiki/Axuda:Introduci%C3%B3n" aria-label="Máis información sobre a edición"><span>máis información</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:As_mi%C3%B1as_contribuci%C3%B3ns" title="Unha lista das modificacións feitas desde este enderezo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucións</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:A_mi%C3%B1a_conversa" title="Conversa acerca de edicións feitas desde este enderezo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Conversa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sitio"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contidos" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contidos</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">agochar</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inicio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimoloxía" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimoloxía"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimoloxía</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimoloxía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Definición" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definición"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Definición</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definición-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-O_nirvana_no_hinduísmo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#O_nirvana_no_hinduísmo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>O nirvana no hinduísmo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-O_nirvana_no_hinduísmo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-O_nirvana_no_budismo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#O_nirvana_no_budismo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>O nirvana no budismo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-O_nirvana_no_budismo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Véxase_tamén" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Véxase_tamén"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Véxase tamén</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Véxase tamén"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliografía" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografía"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Bibliografía</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Outros_artigos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outros_artigos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Outros artigos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outros_artigos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ligazóns_externas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligazóns_externas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Ligazóns externas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligazóns_externas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contidos" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nirvana</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artigo noutra lingua. Dispoñible en 89 linguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-89" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">89 linguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirwana" title="Nirwana – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Nirwana" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="نرفانا – árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نرفانا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="نيرفانا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نيرفانا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – acerbaixano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="acerbaixano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirwana" title="Nirwana – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Nirwana" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нірвана – belaruso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нірвана" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belaruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нирвана – búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нирвана" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%97%E1%80%B9%E1%80%97%E1%80%AC%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8F" title="နိဗ္ဗာန်ႏ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="နိဗ္ဗာန်ႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3" title="নির্বাণ – bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নির্বাণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A4%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="བདེ་བར་གཤེགས་པའི་གནས། – tibetano" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="བདེ་བར་གཤེགས་པའི་གནས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana_(relijion)" title="Nirvana (relijion) – bretón" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Nirvana (relijion)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – bosníaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosníaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – catalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A4%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="نیرڤانا – kurdo central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="نیرڤانا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdo central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirv%C3%A1na" title="Nirvána – checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nirvána" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirfana" title="Nirfana – galés" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Nirfana" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – dinamarqués" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarqués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirwana" title="Nirwana – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nirwana" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B2%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Νιρβάνα – grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νιρβάνα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvano" title="Nirvano – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nirvano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana_(espiritualidad)" title="Nirvana (espiritualidad) – español" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nirvana (espiritualidad)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="español" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvaana" title="Nirvaana – estoniano" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nirvaana" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – éuscaro" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="éuscaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="نیروانا – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیروانا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – finés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana_(monde_indien)" title="Nirvana (monde indien) – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nirvana (monde indien)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana_(trassendence)" title="Nirvana (trassendence) – friulano" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Nirvana (trassendence)" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirbhe%C3%A1na" title="Nirbheána – irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Nirbheána" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A3" title="નિર્વાણ – guxarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="નિર્વાણ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="guxarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%94" title="נירוואנה – hebreo" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נירוואנה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3" title="निर्वाण – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="निर्वाण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirv%C3%A1na" title="Nirvána – húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nirvána" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1" title="Նիրվանա – armenio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նիրվանա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana_(b%C3%BAddismi)" title="Nirvana (búddismi) – islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Nirvana (búddismi)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E6%A7%83" title="涅槃 – xaponés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="涅槃" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="xaponés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirwana" title="Nirwana – xavanés" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Nirwana" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="xavanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ნირვანა – xeorxiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნირვანა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="xeorxiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нирвана – kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Нирвана" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%87%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93" title="ព្រះនិព្វាន – khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ព្រះនិព្វាន" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A3" title="ನಿರ್ವಾಣ – kannará" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ನಿರ್ವಾಣ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannará" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EB%B0%98" title="열반 – coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="열반" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нирвана – kirguiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Нирвана" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirv%C4%81%E1%B9%87a" title="Nirvāṇa – latín" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Nirvāṇa" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirwana" title="Nirwana – luxemburgués" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Nirwana" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirv%C4%81na" title="Nirvāna – letón" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Nirvāna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – malgaxe" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нирвана – macedonio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нирвана" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3" title="निर्वाण – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="निर्वाण" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirwana" title="Nirwana – malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Nirwana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%97%E1%80%B9%E1%80%97%E1%80%AC%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="နိဗ္ဗာန် – birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="နိဗ္ဗာန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3" title="निर्वाण – nepalí" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="निर्वाण" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3" title="निर्वाण – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="निर्वाण" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirwana" title="Nirwana – neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nirwana" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – noruegués nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruegués nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – noruegués bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruegués bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana_(bodisme)" title="Nirvana (bodisme) – occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Nirvana (bodisme)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3" title="ਨਿਰਵਾਣ – panxabí" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਿਰਵਾਣ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panxabí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirwana" title="Nirwana – polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nirwana" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="نروان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نروان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нирвана – ruso" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нирвана" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – sardo" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – serbocroata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AB" title="නිර්වාණ – cingalés" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="නිර්වාණ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirv%C3%A1na" title="Nirvána – eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nirvána" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нирвана – serbio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нирвана" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="นิพพาน – tailandés" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นิพพาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – tagalo" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нірвана – ucraíno" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нірвана" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraíno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="نروان – urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نروان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana – uzbeko" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Nirvana" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%E1%BA%BFt-b%C3%A0n" title="Niết-bàn – vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Niết-bàn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana_(relihiyon)" title="Nirvana (relihiyon) – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Nirvana (relihiyon)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E6%A7%83" title="涅槃 – chinés wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="涅槃" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chinés wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E6%A7%83" title="涅槃 – chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="涅槃" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%A2%8C%BD" title="𢌽 – cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="𢌽" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q42927#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar as ligazóns interlingüísticas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar as 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Na Galipedia, a Wikipedia en galego.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="gl" dir="ltr"><div class="dablink">Para outras páxinas con títulos homónimos véxase: <a href="/wiki/Nirvana_(hom%C3%B3nimos)" class="mw-disambig" title="Nirvana (homónimos)">Nirvana (homónimos)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Mahayanabuddha.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Mahayanabuddha.jpg/280px-Mahayanabuddha.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Mahayanabuddha.jpg/420px-Mahayanabuddha.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Mahayanabuddha.jpg/560px-Mahayanabuddha.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1199" data-file-height="1347" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Buda" title="Buda">Buda</a> é o máis famoso dos que alcanzaron este estado de iluminación. Estatua dun Buda sedente, da <a href="/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_Tang" title="Dinastía Tang">dinastía Tang</a>, na provincia de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hebei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hebei (a páxina aínda non existe)">Hebei</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>O <b>nirvana</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> é o estado que resulta da extinción dos desexos, e da eliminación da conciencia de ser un individuo, que se alcanza mediante a meditación e a iluminación. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimoloxía"><span id="Etimolox.C3.ADa"></span>Etimoloxía</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar a sección: «Etimoloxía»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Etimoloxía"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Provén do termo <a href="/wiki/Lingua_s%C3%A1nscrita" title="Lingua sánscrita">sánscrito</a> <i>nirvāṇa</i> (निर्वाण)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup>, que significa literalmente extinción, sopro (dunha lámpada)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>O concepto de Nirvana, aínda que hoxe en día adoita situarse nun contexto puramente budista, en realidade probén das tradicións ióguicas Sramanas cuxo orixe se remonta, cando menos, aos primeiros séculos do primeiro milenio antes de Cristo<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Noutros idiomas dise: </p> <ul><li>निर्वाण <i>(nirvāṇa)</i>, en escritura <a href="/wiki/Devanagari" class="mw-redirect" title="Devanagari">devanágari</a> (do sánscrito);</li> <li>णिव्वाण <i>(nirvāṇa)</i>, en <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A1krito" class="mw-redirect" title="Prákrito">prákrito</a>;</li> <li>निब्बान, <i>(nibbāna)</i>; en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_pali" title="Lingua pali">pali</a>;</li> <li>涅槃 <i>(nièpán)</i>, en <a href="/wiki/Chin%C3%A9s_cl%C3%A1sico" title="Chinés clásico">chinés clásico</a>;</li> <li>涅槃 <i>(nehan)</i>, en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_xaponesa" title="Lingua xaponesa">xaponés</a>;</li> <li>นิพพาน <i>(nipphan)</i>, en <a href="/wiki/Idioma_tailand%C3%A9s" class="mw-redirect" title="Idioma tailandés">tailandés</a>;</li> <li>열반 <i>(yŏlban)</i>, en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_coreana" title="Lingua coreana">coreano</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definición"><span id="Definici.C3.B3n"></span>Definición</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar a sección: «Definición»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Definición"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>No contexto relixioso, este termo pasa a aplicarse nas relixións xurdidas na <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> como o <a href="/wiki/Hindu%C3%ADsmo" title="Hinduísmo">hinduísmo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Budismo" title="Budismo">budismo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xainismo" title="Xainismo">xainismo</a>, para indicar un estado de cesamento da actividade mental corrente e que significará unha liberación espiritual<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup>. Dependendo de cada contexto relixioso, o nirvana ten diferentes implicacións. As dúas relixións máis importantes respecto da súa influencia en Occidente son a hinduísta e a budista (predicada por <a href="/wiki/Buda" title="Buda">Siddhārtha Gautama</a> Buda). </p><p>En todas estas relixións ten connotacións de quietude, serenidade e paz, e a persoa que experimenta o nirvana compárase a un lume que se apaga ao se extinguir o combustible. En todas elas tamén este combustible sería a falsa idea do Eu, que causa (e é causada por) o desexo, a necesidade, a conciencia, o nacemento, a morte, a cobiza, o odio, a confusión, a ignorancia. Entón o nirvana non sería un sitio nin un estado, senón unha verdade absoluta que debe ser experimentada. </p><p>Como non se pode definir o nirvana con palabras, adóitase delimitar polo que non é: </p> <ul><li>Non é a existencia común á que está suxeito o ser humano.</li> <li>Non é ningún tipo de desenvolvemento ou conversión.</li> <li>Non ten principio nin fin (non se atopa dentro do tempo medible).</li> <li>Non se pode xerar ou fabricar.</li> <li>Non ten dualidade, polo que non pode ser descrito con palabras.</li> <li>Non ten partes ou etapas que se poidan distinguir unhas doutras.</li> <li>Non é un estado subxectivo de conciencia.</li> <li>Non está condicionado a nada ou por nada.</li></ul> <p>Segundo <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Schroedinger" class="mw-redirect" title="Erwin Schroedinger">Erwin Schroedinger</a>, Premio Nobel de Física no ano 1933, <i>"O Nirvana é un estado de puro coñecemento beatífico... Non ten nada que ver co individuo, o ego, ou a súa ficticia separación"</i><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="O_nirvana_no_hinduísmo"><span id="O_nirvana_no_hindu.C3.ADsmo"></span>O nirvana no hinduísmo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar a sección: «O nirvana no hinduísmo»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: O nirvana no hinduísmo"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O nirvana (en sánscrito, extinción), é o estado transcendente libre de sufrimento e da existencia fenoménica individual; é a experiencia relixiosa máis identificada co budismo. A palabra procede dun verbo que significa arrefriarse ou apagarse, como o final dunha <a href="/wiki/Candea" title="Candea">candea</a>. A connotación é que só no nirvana están extinguidas as chamas da luxuria, o odio, a cobiza e a ignorancia. En estado de nirvana rompe o ciclo da transmigración<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup>, que doutro xeito sería eterno. A súa natureza foi moi debatida polo pensamento occidental, no que algúns dos seus investigadores sosteñen que implica unha total aniquilación aínda que outros o interpretan como beatitude eterna. Ambos os puntos de vista son problemáticos, xa que o nirvana é indescritible e só pode coñecerse desde a súa experiencia. </p><p>No hinduísmo fálase da unión co absoluto (<a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahman</a>), aínda que o nirvana apunta a un mesmo suceso de paz interior, non se debe considerar exactamente coas mesmas consecuencias que no budismo, xa que de feito o budismo redefiniu o concepto de nirvana segundo os seus propios postulados. Cada unha xa que logo ten o seu propio marco relixioso<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>O hinduísmo utiliza o termo nirvana no seu contexto de <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moksha_(hindu%C3%ADsmo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moksha (hinduísmo) (a páxina aínda non existe)">Moksha</a></i> (liberación do <i>samsara</i> ou do ciclo de nacementos e mortes repetidos), no que a alma ou <i>ātmān</i> fundirase coa divindade ou o absoluto<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup>. Esta liberación é xa que logo unha fusión da alma coa divindade. </p><p>Á súa vez dentro do hinduísmo este concepto de liberación é concibido de xeito diferente polas distintas escolas <i>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Darsana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Darsana (a páxina aínda non existe)">dárśanas</a>)</i> <a href="/wiki/Hindu%C3%ADsmo" title="Hinduísmo">hindús</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> Os <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaisnavismo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vaisnavismo (a páxina aínda non existe)">vaishnavas</a> (vishnuítas, ou devotos do deus <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>) consideran que <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moksha_(hindu%C3%ADsmo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moksha (hinduísmo) (a páxina aínda non existe)">moksha</a></i> non implica a fusión monista da alma dentro de Deus, senón a aceptación da alma para servilo. Por iso no vaishnavismo non se desexa realmente abandonar a reencarnación, senón servir a Deus, aínda que sexa sufrindo neste mundo lonxe del. No <a href="/wiki/Xainismo" title="Xainismo">xainismo</a> moksha é o mesmo que nirvana.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="O_nirvana_no_budismo">O nirvana no budismo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar a sección: «O nirvana no budismo»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: O nirvana no budismo"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O <a href="/wiki/Buda" title="Buda">Buda</a> redefiniu a consecución do nirvana presente no hinduísmo mediante un proceso de meditación no que se analiza o corpo e a mente como carentes dunha individualidade intrínseca. Nese proceso existe unha baleiro de individualidade <i>(sunyata)</i> de todo o presente no corpo e mente do suxeito. Esta falta dunha individualidade é tamén común en todos os fenómenos do universo. </p><p>Do mesmo xeito que no hinduísmo, a realización do nirvana budista implica a liberación definitiva do sufrimento de existir ou dos diferentes estados de reencarnación aos que todos os seres están suxeitos. Pero no budismo esta idea será levada ata as súas últimas consecuencias. A diferenza no contexto hinduísta é que isto ocorre pola unión a un absoluto (Brahman) a semellanza do que expón a mística das relixións <a href="/wiki/Te%C3%ADsmo_(filosof%C3%ADa)" title="Teísmo (filosofía)">teístas</a> occidentais. </p><p>A afirmación de que o budismo considera o nirvana como o oposto ao <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samsara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samsara (a páxina aínda non existe)">samsara</a></i> (o mundo tal como o vivimos agora) non é doutrinalmente correcta, tendo en conta que deuses e homes están suxeitos ao <i><a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">karma</a></i> e Buda expresou a liberación final de deuses e homes no medio do mundo dos fenómenos. Polo tanto, distanciouse dese estado de absorción na divindade ou unión a un absoluto como vía de liberación definitiva tal como estaba presente no hinduísmo. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%3Funyata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="?unyata (a páxina aínda non existe)">?unyata</a></i> é xa que logo a natureza final da realidade segundo o budismo e que Buda aplicou a calquera estado de conciencia e existencia concibibles. No budismo tamén aparece a idea de <i>parinirvāṇa</i> ou extinción definitiva tras a morte<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>O budismo <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahāyāna (a páxina aínda non existe)">mahāyāna</a></i> de Asia Oriental entende o nirvana non como un obxectivo externo senón como o encontro coa natureza máis profunda dun mesmo, que só necesita ser recoñecida. Refírense a el como irmandade budista, condición intrínseca, e baleiro. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notas">Notas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar a sección: «Notas»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Notas"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aplicacions.usc.es/buscatermos/publica/index.htm">"bUSCatermos; nirvana"</a>. <i>aplicacions.usc.es</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o <span class="nowrap">2022-06-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3ANirvana&rft.atitle=bUSCatermos%3B+nirvana&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=aplicacions.usc.es&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faplicacions.usc.es%2Fbuscatermos%2Fpublica%2Findex.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academia-lab.com/enciclopedia/nirvana/">"Nirvana _ AcademiaLab"</a>. <i>academia-lab.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o <span class="nowrap">2022-06-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3ANirvana&rft.atitle=Nirvana+_+AcademiaLab&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=academia-lab.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facademia-lab.com%2Fenciclopedia%2Fnirvana%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sanskrit_english.en-academic.com/18791/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3__nirv%C4%81%E1%B9%87a">"निर्वाण _nirvāṇa"</a>. <i>Academic Dictionaries and Encyclopedias</i> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o <span class="nowrap">2022-06-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3ANirvana&rft.atitle=%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3+_nirv%C4%81%E1%B9%87a&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Academic+Dictionaries+and+Encyclopedias&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsanskrit_english.en-academic.com%2F18791%2F%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A3__nirv%25C4%2581%25E1%25B9%2587a&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Considérase que <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parsva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parsva (a páxina aínda non existe)">Parsva</a> viviu ao redor do <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A9culo_9_a._C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Século 9 a. C (a páxina aínda non existe)">século 9 a. C</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gl.everaoh.com/que-e-o-nirvana-e-como-logralo/">"Que é o nirvana, que significa lograr o nirvana e cal é a mellor posición para entrar no nirvana?"</a>. <i>gl.everaoh.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o <span class="nowrap">2022-06-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3ANirvana&rft.atitle=Que+%C3%A9+o+nirvana%2C+que+significa+lograr+o+nirvana+e+cal+%C3%A9+a+mellor+posici%C3%B3n+para+entrar+no+nirvana%3F&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gl.everaoh.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgl.everaoh.com%2Fque-e-o-nirvana-e-como-logralo%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Texto de xullo de 1918, incluído en <i>A Life of Erwin Schrödinger</i> (1994) por Walter Moore <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/0521437679" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-43767-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dhammatalks.net/Books6/Ajahn_Brahm_In_the_Presence_of%20Nibbana.htm">"Ajahn Brahmavamso - IN THE PRESENCE OF NIBBANA"</a>. <i>www.dhammatalks.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o <span class="nowrap">2022-06-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3ANirvana&rft.atitle=Ajahn+Brahmavamso+-+IN+THE+PRESENCE+OF+NIBBANA&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.dhammatalks.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dhammatalks.net%2FBooks6%2FAjahn_Brahm_In_the_Presence_of%2520Nibbana.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Hayakawa, Atsushi (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=w7LtAgAAQBAJ"><i>Circulation of Fire in the Veda</i></a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</span>. LIT Verlag Münster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/978-3-643-90472-0" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/978-3-643-90472-0">978-3-643-90472-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3ANirvana&rft.aufirst=Atsushi&rft.aulast=Hayakawa&rft.btitle=Circulation+of+Fire+in+the+Veda&rft.date=2014&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-3-643-90472-0&rft.pub=LIT+Verlag+M%C3%BCnster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dw7LtAgAAQBAJ&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140222011614/http://www.sgilibrary.org/search_dict.php?id=2602">"SGI Library Online - The Soka Gakkai Dictionary of Buddhism"</a>. <i>web.archive.org</i>. 2014-02-22. Archived from the original on 22 de febreiro de 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o <span class="nowrap">2022-06-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3ANirvana&rft.atitle=SGI+Library+Online+-+The+Soka+Gakkai+Dictionary+of+Buddhism&rft.date=2014-02-22&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sgilibrary.org%2Fsearch_dict.php%3Fid%3D2602&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Lozano, J. Carmelo Visdómine (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=4019723">"Doctrines about Life and a Relational Frame Analysis of Zen: Demythologization of Zen, Meditation and Nirvana"</a>. <i>International journal of psychology and psychological therapy</i> <b>12</b> (3): 301–332. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1577-7057">1577-7057</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3ANirvana&rft.atitle=Doctrines+about+Life+and+a+Relational+Frame+Analysis+of+Zen%3A+Demythologization+of+Zen%2C+Meditation+and+Nirvana&rft.aufirst=J.+Carmelo+Visd%C3%B3mine&rft.aulast=Lozano&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1577-7057&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+psychology+and+psychological+therapy&rft.pages=301-332&rft.volume=12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdialnet.unirioja.es%2Fservlet%2Farticulo%3Fcodigo%3D4019723&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6856698">.mw-parser-output .flexquote{display:flex;flex-direction:column;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border-left:3px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);font-size:90%;margin:1em 4em;padding:.4em .8em}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex{display:flex;flex-direction:row}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex>.quote{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex>.separator{border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);margin:.4em .8em}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.cite{text-align:right}@media all and (max-width:600px){.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex{flex-direction:column}}</style> <blockquote class="flexquote"> <div class="flex"> <div class="quote">Moksa and nirvana are synonymous in jainism.</div> </div><div class="cite"><a href="#CITEREFJaini2000">Jaini (2000</a>, p. 168)</div> </blockquote></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6856698"> <blockquote class="flexquote"> <div class="flex"> <div class="quote">Nirvana: a synonym for liberation, release, moksa.</div> </div><div class="cite">(<a href="#CITEREFCarrithersHumphrey1991">Carrithers & Humphrey 1991</a>, p. 297)</div> </blockquote></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.persee.fr/issue/befeo_0336-1519_1979_num_66_1">"Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient. Tome 66, 1979."</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_francesa" title="Lingua francesa">francés</a>)</span> <b>66</b> (1). 1979.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3ANirvana&rft.atitle=Bulletin+de+l%27Ecole+fran%C3%A7aise+d%27Extr%C3%AAme-Orient.+Tome+66%2C+1979.&rft.date=1979&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1&rft.volume=66&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.persee.fr%2Fissue%2Fbefeo_0336-1519_1979_num_66_1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Véxase_tamén"><span id="V.C3.A9xase_tam.C3.A9n"></span>Véxase tamén</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar a sección: «Véxase tamén»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Véxase tamén"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliografía"><span id="Bibliograf.C3.ADa"></span>Bibliografía</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editar a sección: «Bibliografía»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Bibliografía"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En castelán: </p> <ul><li>Dragonetti, Carmen e Fernando Tola : <i>La filosofía yoga: un camino místico universal</i>. Barcelona: Kairós, 2006.</li> <li>Flood, Gavin: <i>El hinduismo</i>. Madrid: Cambridge University Press, 1998.</li> <li>Harvey, Peter: <i>El budismo</i>. Madrid: Cambridge University Press, 1998.</li> <li>Mascaró, Juan: <i>The <a href="/wiki/Upanishad" class="mw-redirect" title="Upanishad">Upanishad</a></i>. Nova York: Penguin, 1972.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outros_artigos">Outros artigos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editar a sección: «Outros artigos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&action=edit&section=8" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Outros artigos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Moksha</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buda" title="Buda">Buda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xainismo" title="Xainismo">Xainismo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ligazóns_externas"><span id="Ligaz.C3.B3ns_externas"></span>Ligazóns externas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editar a sección: «Ligazóns externas»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&action=edit&section=9" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Ligazóns externas"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.accesstoinsight.org/ptf/dhamma/sacca/sacca3/nibbana.html">Explicación do termo</a> dende a perspectiva do Budismo <a href="/wiki/Theravada" title="Theravada">Theravada</a> (en Inglés)</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Traído desde «<a dir="ltr" href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&oldid=6555771">https://gl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nirvana&oldid=6555771</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categor%C3%ADas" title="Especial:Categorías">Categorías</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Budismo" title="Categoría:Budismo">Budismo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Hindu%C3%ADsmo" title="Categoría:Hinduísmo">Hinduísmo</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categoría agochada: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Wikipedia:P%C3%A1xinas_que_usan_ligaz%C3%B3ns_m%C3%A1xicas_ISBN" title="Categoría:Wikipedia:Páxinas que usan ligazóns máxicas ISBN">Wikipedia:Páxinas que usan ligazóns máxicas ISBN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> A última edición desta páxina foi o 16 de novembro de 2023 ás 14:05.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Todo o texto está dispoñible baixo a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">licenza Creative Commons recoñecemento compartir igual 4.0</a>; pódense aplicar termos adicionais. 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