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Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div> <p>This block affects editing on all Wikimedia wikis. </p><p>The IP address or range 8.222.128.0/17 has been globally <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">blocked</a> by <a href="/wiki/User:Jon_Kolbert" title="User:Jon Kolbert">‪Jon Kolbert‬</a> for the following reason(s): </p> <div style="padding:10px; background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:inherit; border:1px #666 solid;"> <p><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/NOP" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/NOP">Open proxy/Webhost</a>: See the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WM:OP/H" class="extiw" title="m:WM:OP/H">help page</a> if you are affected </p> </div> <p>This block will expire on 15:12, 27 August 2028. Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. </p> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>Even while globally blocked, you will <i>usually</i> still be able to edit pages on <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="m:">Meta-Wiki</a>. </p> </div> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">No open proxies</a> global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">post a request for review on Meta-Wiki</a>. You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details. </p> </div> <p>Other useful links: <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Global blocks">Global blocks</a> · <a href="/wiki/Help:I_have_been_blocked" title="Help:I have been blocked">Help:I have been blocked</a> </p> </div></li></ul><hr /> <div id="viewsourcetext">You can view and copy the source of this page:</div><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="en" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">==Empress consort== === Selection and marriage === It is unclear why and how Irene was selected as the bride for the young Leo IV.{{sfn|Garland|1999|page=73}}{{sfn|Karagianni|2013|pp=12-13}} The influence of the prominent Sarantepechos family in the theme of [[Hellas (theme)|Hellas]] likely played a part in the selection of Irene as the wife of the emperor's son, indicating the emperor's interest in restoring order in the Greek mainland.{{sfn|Herrin|2004|pp=55-57}}{{sfn|Turner|2021|p=823}} Especially unusual is that, while Constantine V was a militant iconoclast who was known for persecuting venerators of icons, Irene herself displayed iconophile predilections.{{sfn|Garland|1999|page=73}} This fact, combined with the limited information available about her family, has led some scholars to speculate that Irene may have been selected in a [[bride-show]], in which eligible young women were paraded before the bridegroom until one was finally selected.{{sfn|Garland|1999|page=73}}{{sfn|Karagianni|2013|pp=12-13}} If this was the case, then she would have been the first imperial bride to be selected in this manner.{{sfn|Garland|1999|page=73}} However, there is no solid evidence to support this hypothesis other than the apparent oddity of Irene's selection as Leo IV's bride.{{sfn|Garland|1999|page=73}} Irene arrived in [[Constantinople]] on 1 November 769, escorted, per [[Theophanes the Confessor|Theophanes]], by decorated ''[[Dromon|dromones]]'' and ''{{transliteration|el|chelandia}}'' ([[warship]]s ang [[galley]]s). She was betrothed to 19-year-old [[Leo IV the Khazar|Leo IV]], the son of emperor [[Constantine V]], on 3 November at the [[Church of the Virgin of the Pharos|Church of the Virgin of Pharos]].{{sfn|Garland|1999|pp=73-74}}{{sfn|Herrin|2004|pp=51-52}} The coronation took place the following month, on 17 December, in [[Augoustaion]] and was followed by the couple's marriage at the [[Palace of Daphne]] within the [[Great Palace of Constantinople]].{{sfn|Garland|1999|pp=73-74}}{{sfn|Herrin|2004|pp=51-52}}{{sfn|Theophanes|loc=AM 6261}} On 14 January 771, Irene gave birth to a son, the future [[Constantine VI]], who was named after his grandfather, Irene's father-in-law, Constantine V.{{sfn|Theophanes|loc=AM 6262}} When Constantine V died in September 775, Leo IV ascended to the throne at the age of twenty-five, and Irene became empress consort.{{sfn|Garland|1999|page=74}}{{sfn|Karagianni|2013|p=13}} === Iconoclasm === Leo IV, though an [[Byzantine Iconoclasm|iconoclast]] like his father, pursued a policy of moderation towards iconophiles.{{sfn|Garland|1999|page=74}} He removed the penalties on monasteries that had been imposed by his father and began appointing monks as bishops.{{sfn|Garland|1999|page=74}} When Patriarch [[Nicetas I of Constantinople]] died in 780, Leo IV appointed [[Paul IV of Constantinople|Paul of Cyprus]], who had iconophile sympathies, as his successor, although he did force him to swear oaths that he would uphold the official iconoclasm.{{sfn|Garland|1999|page=74}} During Lent of 780, however, Leo IV's policies on iconophiles became much harsher.{{sfn|Garland|1999|page=74}} He ordered for a number of prominent courtiers to be arrested, scourged, [[tonsure]]d, and tortured after they were caught venerating icons.{{sfn|Garland|1999|page=74}} Prior to the death of her husband, Irene appears to have accepted the prevailing iconoclasm, regardless of her private beliefs. During this period, her activities are unknown, recorded only in later obscure accounts.{{Sfn|Turner|2021|p=823}} According to the 11th century historian [[George Kedrenos]], who wrote many centuries after Irene's death, this crackdown on iconophiles began after Leo IV discovered two icons hidden underneath Irene's pillow.{{sfn|Garland|1999|pages=74–75}} Leo IV launched an investigation and discovered the courtiers who had brought the icons. He had them tortured and scolded Irene for violating the law and breaking with her faith. Irene insisted that she had not known the icons were there. After the incident, Leo refused to have marital relations with Irene ever again. [[Lynda Garland]], a historian of the Byzantine Empire, states that this story too closely resembles a different story told about the later empress [[Theodora (wife of Theophilos)|Theodora, wife of Theophilos]], to be historically true. Nonetheless, she maintains that it is possible that Irene may have been trying to fill the palace with supporters of iconophilism, which may have triggered Leo IV's crackdown.{{sfn|Garland|1999|page=75}} </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"></div><p id="mw-returnto">Return to <a href="/wiki/Irene_of_Athens" title="Irene of Athens">Irene of Athens</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irene_of_Athens">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irene_of_Athens</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Irene_of_Athens&action=edit&section=2&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-688fc9465-dsvxz","wgBackendResponseTime":200,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.049","walltime":"0.068","ppvisitednodes":{"value":418,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":17740,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6556,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":9,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":469,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 46.444 1 -total"," 99.86% 46.377 2 Template:Blocked_text"," 41.81% 19.420 2 Template:Replace"," 38.86% 18.050 1 Template:Colocationwebhost"," 35.35% 16.420 1 Template:Hidden"," 14.88% 6.909 1 Template:Tlx"," 14.68% 6.817 1 Template:Hidden_begin"," 2.78% 1.291 1 MediaWiki:Wikimedia-globalblocking-blockedtext-mistake"," 2.37% 1.099 1 MediaWiki:Wikimedia-globalblocking-blockedtext-mistake-email-steward"," 2.33% 1.084 1 Template:Hidden_end"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.009","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1043301,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-688fc9465-dsvxz","timestamp":"20241125163714","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>