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data-author-id="43582575" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PatrickBoussard">Patrick Boussard</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2004</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Loudness, the auditory sensation relative to sound intensity, can be measured only by psychoacoustic tests, implying several listeners and requiring significant investment. To avoid long and systematic experiments, perceptive models have been proposed, the goal being to design algorithms that estimate loudness from the physical signal. However, these various models tend to give reliable estimates only when applied to stationary signals. The aim of the research project presented here is the development of a «global» estimator of loudness, which can be applied to both stationary and non-stationary signals. This article describes two aspects of the project: 1) the development of an objective method to judge the quality of a loudness estimator, 2) the comparison of some existing estimation tools. 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Le forum international de Generation IV a propose six concepts nouveaux de reacteurs nucleaires dont les enjeux sont la competitivite economique, la surete et la resistance par rapport a la proliferation. Le concept du SCWR, «Supercritical Water-Cooled Reactors», un des reacteurs proposes par le forum, utilise de l’eau dans son etat supercritique c.-a-d. au-dessus de son point critique thermodynamique comme fluide de refroidissement. Il est envisage que ceci permettra une temperature du caloporteur a la sortie qui peut varier entre 773K a 898 K, l’enthalpie du flux de sortie sera beaucoup plus elevee et donc le rendement sera augmente sans la crise d’ebullition qui conduit a des risques de flux de chaleur critique (assechement et/ou calefaction). Par contre les analyses de surete pour les SCWR son...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Étude Des Écoulements Critiques (Bloqués) Pour Des Fluides Aux États Sous et Sur Critiques","attachmentId":113726582,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/117999269/%C3%89tude_Des_%C3%89coulements_Critiques_Bloqu%C3%A9s_Pour_Des_Fluides_Aux_%C3%89tats_Sous_et_Sur_Critiques","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/117999269/%C3%89tude_Des_%C3%89coulements_Critiques_Bloqu%C3%A9s_Pour_Des_Fluides_Aux_%C3%89tats_Sous_et_Sur_Critiques"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="68319570" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68319570/Estimation_Neuronale_du_Flot_Optique_dans_une_S%C3%A9quence_d_Images_D%C3%A9bruit%C3%A9es_par_la_Transform%C3%A9e_en_Curvelettes">Estimation Neuronale du Flot Optique dans une Séquence d’Images Débruitées par la Transformée en Curvelettes</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6199958" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NourEddineDjedi">NourEddine Djedi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Résumé— Dans le problème de l’estimation de mouvement dans une séquence d’images, deux performances critiques sont à améliorer, le temps de calcul et la précision des résultats. La méthode itérative multi-échelles de Lucas et Kanade est l’une des meilleures méthodes dans ce domaine. Dans cet article on a introduit le réseau de neurones de Zhang pour accélérer le processus d’estimation suite à la nature parallèle de ces derniers. Du coté précision, on a proposé d’utiliser la transformée en curvelettes pour le pré-filtrage des images. Les simulations numériques sur des séquences d’images artificielles et réelles montrent la bonne performance de la méthode proposée.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Estimation Neuronale du Flot Optique dans une Séquence d’Images Débruitées par la Transformée en Curvelettes","attachmentId":78835930,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68319570/Estimation_Neuronale_du_Flot_Optique_dans_une_S%C3%A9quence_d_Images_D%C3%A9bruit%C3%A9es_par_la_Transform%C3%A9e_en_Curvelettes","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" 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href="https://nationalagriculturalresearchinra.academia.edu/DominiqueHeitz">Dominique Heitz</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Collaboration corrélation–méthode variationnelle pour une estimation robuste du flot optique","attachmentId":50796720,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/30343351/Collaboration_corr%C3%A9lation_m%C3%A9thode_variationnelle_pour_une_estimation_robuste_du_flot_optique","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/30343351/Collaboration_corr%C3%A9lation_m%C3%A9thode_variationnelle_pour_une_estimation_robuste_du_flot_optique"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="30343344" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30343344/Incertitudes_de_mesures_PIV_par_flot_optique">Incertitudes de mesures PIV par flot optique</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="57841091" href="https://nationalagriculturalresearchinra.academia.edu/DominiqueHeitz">Dominique Heitz</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline 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