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href="#Biografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Opera</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Opera-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Opera subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Opera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Satirele" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Satirele"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Satirele</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Satirele-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Epodele" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Epodele"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Epodele</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Epodele-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odele" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odele"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Odele</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Odele-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Epistole" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Epistole"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Epistole</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Epistole-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Repere_ale_operei_lui_Horațiu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Repere_ale_operei_lui_Horațiu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Repere ale operei lui Horațiu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Repere_ale_operei_lui_Horațiu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traducători_români_din_operele_lui_Horațiu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traducători_români_din_operele_lui_Horațiu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Traducători români din operele lui Horațiu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traducători_români_din_operele_lui_Horațiu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Citate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Quintus Horatius Flaccus</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 100 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-100" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">100 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatius" title="Horatius – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Horatius" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%86%E1%88%AB%E1%89%B2%E1%8B%A9%E1%88%B5" title="ሆራቲዩስ – amharică" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሆራቲዩስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horacio" title="Horacio – aragoneză" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Horacio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="هوراس – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هوراس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3" title="هوراتيوس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هوراتيوس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horaciu" title="Horaciu – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Horaciu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatsi" title="Horatsi – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Horatsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="هوراس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هوراس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гораций – bașkiră" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гораций" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bașkiră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huorac%C4%97jos" title="Huoracėjos – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Huoracėjos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Гарацый – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гарацый" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8E%D1%81" title="Гарацыюс – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гарацыюс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Хораций – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хораций" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus" title="Quintus Horatius Flaccus – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Quintus Horatius Flaccus" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horacije" title="Horacije – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Horacije" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horaci" title="Horaci – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Horaci" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%86%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ھۆراس – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھۆراس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus" title="Quintus Horatius Flaccus – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Quintus Horatius Flaccus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horas" title="Horas – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Horas" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horats" title="Horats – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Horats" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horaz" title="Horaz – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Horaz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatius" title="Horatius – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Horatius" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Οράτιος – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οράτιος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horace" title="Horace – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Horace" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horacio" title="Horacio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Horacio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horacio" title="Horacio – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Horacio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatius" title="Horatius – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Horatius" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horazio" title="Horazio – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Horazio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="هوراس – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هوراس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatius" title="Horatius – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Horatius" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatius" title="Horatius – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Horatius" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horace" title="Horace – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Horace" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orazi" title="Orazi – friulană" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Orazi" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus" title="Quintus Horatius Flaccus – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Quintus Horatius Flaccus" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horacio" title="Horacio – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Horacio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A1" title="הורטיוס – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הורטיוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8" title="होरेस – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="होरेस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horace" title="Horace – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Horace" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horacije" title="Horacije – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Horacije" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus" title="Quintus Horatius Flaccus – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Quintus Horatius Flaccus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%BD" title="Հորացիոս – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հորացիոս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatio" title="Horatio – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Horatio" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatius" title="Horatius – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Horatius" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatius" title="Horatius – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Horatius" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B3rat%C3%ADus" title="Hóratíus – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hóratíus" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinto_Orazio_Flacco" title="Quinto Orazio Flacco – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Quinto Orazio Flacco" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9B%E3%83%A9%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9" title="ホラティウス – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ホラティウス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ჰორაციუსი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰორაციუსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гораций – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гораций" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಹೊರೇಸ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹೊರೇಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%98%B8%EB%9D%BC%ED%8B%B0%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="호라티우스 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="호라티우스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatius" title="Horatius – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Horatius" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horace" title="Horace – cornică" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Horace" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus" title="Quintus Horatius Flaccus – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Quintus Horatius Flaccus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatio" title="Horatio – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Horatio" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horacijus" title="Horacijus – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Horacijus" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hor%C4%81cijs" title="Horācijs – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Horācijs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horace" title="Horace – malgașă" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Horace" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98" title="Хорациј – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хорациј" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹൊറസ് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹൊറസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гораций – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гораций" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8" title="होरेस – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="होरेस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatius" title="Horatius – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Horatius" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus" title="Quintus Horatius Flaccus – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Quintus Horatius Flaccus" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatius" title="Horatius – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Horatius" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horats" title="Horats – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Horats" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horats" title="Horats – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Horats" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oraci" title="Oraci – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Oraci" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8" title="ਹੋਰਸ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹੋਰਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horacy_(poeta)" title="Horacy (poeta) – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Horacy (poeta)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orassi" title="Orassi – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Orassi" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="هوراس – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هوراس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hor%C3%A1cio" title="Horácio – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Horácio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinde_Orazio_Flacco" title="Quinde Orazio Flacco – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Quinde Orazio Flacco" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гораций – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гораций" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinto_Orazio_Flacco" title="Quinto Orazio Flacco – sardiniană" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Quinto Orazio Flacco" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardiniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintu_Orazziu_Flaccu" title="Quintu Orazziu Flaccu – siciliană" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Quintu Orazziu Flaccu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvint_Horacije_Flak" title="Kvint Horacije Flak – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kvint Horacije Flak" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horace" title="Horace – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Horace" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatius" title="Horatius – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Horatius" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horacij" title="Horacij – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Horacij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horaci" title="Horaci – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Horaci" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Хорације – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хорације" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus" title="Quintus Horatius Flaccus – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Quintus Horatius Flaccus" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatius" title="Horatius – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Horatius" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatius" title="Horatius – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Horatius" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%93%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="ஓராசு – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஓராசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horacio" title="Horacio – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Horacio" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatius" title="Horatius – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Horatius" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гораций – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гораций" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Горацій – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Горацій" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goratsiy" title="Goratsiy – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Goratsiy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horace" title="Horace – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Horace" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatius" title="Horatius – volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Horatius" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horace" title="Horace – valonă" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Horace" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horacio" title="Horacio – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Horacio" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF" title="贺拉斯 – chineză 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16501920">.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0px 10%;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #1e90ff;background:#fbfbfb}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #1e90ff}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b22222;background:#fee}.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #070101!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #261500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #544004!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #1e0a28!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{background-color:#202122!important}}</style><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox ambox-style ambox-style" style=""> <tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width: 52px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/50px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/75px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/100px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style=""><span class="mbox-text-span">Deși acest articol conține o listă de referințe bibliografice, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verificabilitate" title="Wikipedia:Verificabilitate">sursele</a> sale rămân neclare deoarece îi lipsesc <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citarea_surselor#.E2.80.9ENote.E2.80.9D" title="Wikipedia:Citarea surselor">notele de subsol</a>.<br /> Puteți ajuta introducând <a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Note" title="Ajutor:Note">citări mai precise</a> ale surselor.<span class="hide-when-compact"> </span><span class="hide-when-compact"> </span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infocaseta"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="antet autor" style="background-color:#4C6099;color:#FFFFFF;">Quintus Horatius Flaccus</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus.jpg/220px-Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="438" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus.jpg/330px-Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="412" data-file-height="821" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#4C6099;color:#FFFFFF;">Date personale</th></tr><tr><th style=";">Născut</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><time><a href="/wiki/8_decembrie" title="8 decembrie">8 decembrie</a> <a href="/wiki/65_%C3%AE.Hr." title="65 î.Hr.">65 î.Hr.</a></time><sup id="cite_ref-c005ea7c369f2e30366147dd52c61415_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-c005ea7c369f2e30366147dd52c61415-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><sup id="cite_ref-c35da72209afc67b43aa7896933181fa_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-c35da72209afc67b43aa7896933181fa-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><sup id="cite_ref-ee91e93c2d9efc198d37401a7a207527_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ee91e93c2d9efc198d37401a7a207527-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6197#P569" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Venosa" title="Venosa">Venosa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basilicata" title="Basilicata">Basilicata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a><sup id="cite_ref-c005ea7c369f2e30366147dd52c61415_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-c005ea7c369f2e30366147dd52c61415-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-c35da72209afc67b43aa7896933181fa_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-c35da72209afc67b43aa7896933181fa-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6197#P19" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Decedat</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><time><a href="/wiki/27_noiembrie" title="27 noiembrie">27 noiembrie</a> <a href="/wiki/8_%C3%AE.Hr." title="8 î.Hr.">8 î.Hr.</a></time> (56 de ani)<sup id="cite_ref-c005ea7c369f2e30366147dd52c61415_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-c005ea7c369f2e30366147dd52c61415-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ee91e93c2d9efc198d37401a7a207527_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ee91e93c2d9efc198d37401a7a207527-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6197#P570" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Roman" title="Imperiul Roman">Imperiul Roman</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6197#P20" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Înmormântat</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6197#P119" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Ocupație</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Poet" title="Poet">poet</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Scriitor" title="Scriitor">scriitor</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Filozof" title="Filozof">filozof</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6197#P106" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Locul desfășurării activității</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a><sup id="cite_ref-23efe0012746e145c4fbb11c782b0043_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23efe0012746e145c4fbb11c782b0043-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6197#P937" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Limbi vorbite</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Limba_latin%C4%83" title="Limba latină">limba latină</a><sup id="cite_ref-e637dc1c29bcaa4677df488d137b11f2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e637dc1c29bcaa4677df488d137b11f2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><sup id="cite_ref-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6197#P1412" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#4C6099;color:#FFFFFF;">Activitate</th></tr><tr><th style=";">Pregătire</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q950303" class="extiw" title="d:Q950303"><span lang="en">Cratippus of Pergamon</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Cratippus of Pergamon</span> (ancient Greek philosopher)|]]</span><sup id="cite_ref-143f552eed7b15dcc1d34499a77015ae_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143f552eed7b15dcc1d34499a77015ae-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q667385" class="extiw" title="d:Q667385"><span lang="en">Aristos of Ascalon</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Aristos of Ascalon</span> (ancient Greek philosopher)|]]</span>  <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6197#P1066" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Limbi</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Limba_latin%C4%83" title="Limba latină">limba latină</a>  <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6197#P6886" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Opere semnificative</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677997" class="extiw" title="d:Q677997"><span lang="en">The Art of Poetry</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">The Art of Poetry</span> |]]</span></i><br /><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1226154" class="extiw" title="d:Q1226154"><span lang="la">Sermones</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="la">Sermones</span> |]]</span></i><br /><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1246446" class="extiw" title="d:Q1246446"><span lang="la">Carmen Saeculare</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="la">Carmen Saeculare</span> |]]</span></i><br /><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q943884" class="extiw" title="d:Q943884"><span lang="la">Carmina</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="la">Carmina</span> |]]</span></i><br /><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1226213" class="extiw" title="d:Q1226213"><span lang="en">Epistulae</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Epistulae</span> |]]</span></i><br /><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3730710" class="extiw" title="d:Q3730710"><span lang="la">Iambi</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="la">Iambi</span> |]]</span></i>  <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6197#P800" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px ##4C6099 solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color:var(--color-base, #000); text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;">Modifică <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6197" class="extiw" title="d:Q6197">date</a> / <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&action=edit&section=0">text</a></span> <span title="Consultați documentația formatului"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format:Infocaseta_Scriitor" title="Consultați documentația formatului"><img alt="Consultați documentația formatului" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/12px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/18px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 1.5x, 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.infobox-below{text-align:center}</style> <p><b>Quintus Horatius Flaccus</b>, în <a href="/wiki/Limba_rom%C3%A2n%C4%83" title="Limba română">limba română</a> <b>Horațiu</b>, (n. <a href="/wiki/8_decembrie" title="8 decembrie">8 decembrie</a> <a href="/wiki/65_%C3%AE.Hr." title="65 î.Hr.">65 î.Hr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venosa" title="Venosa">Venosa</a>; d. <a href="/wiki/27_noiembrie" title="27 noiembrie">27 noiembrie</a> <a href="/wiki/8_%C3%AE.Hr." title="8 î.Hr.">8 î.Hr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a>) a fost unul dintre cei mai importanți poeți romani din "perioada de aur" a literaturii romane (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%22Secolul_lui_Augustus%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=""Secolul lui Augustus" — pagină inexistentă">"Secolul lui Augustus"</a></i>) sau "epoca augustană", cuprinsă între <a href="/wiki/43_%C3%AE.Hr." title="43 î.Hr.">43 î.Hr.</a> (moartea lui <a href="/wiki/Cicero" class="mw-redirect" title="Cicero">Cicero</a>) și <a href="/wiki/14" title="14">14</a> d. Hr. (moartea împăratului <a href="/wiki/Cezar_August" class="mw-redirect" title="Cezar August">Augustus</a>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografie">Biografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Biografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Biografie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Horațiu s-a născut la <a href="/wiki/8_decembrie" title="8 decembrie">8 decembrie</a> <a href="/wiki/65_%C3%AE.Hr." title="65 î.Hr.">65 î.Hr.</a> în Venusia (astăzi <a href="/wiki/Venosa" title="Venosa">Venosa</a>) din provincia <a href="/wiki/Apulia" title="Apulia">Apulia</a>, fiu al unui <i>libert</i> (sclav eliberat). Tatăl său avea funcția de <i>coactor argentarius</i> (încasator de impozite) și realizase o oarecare avere. Familia se mută la <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a> și Horațiu are posibilitatea să obțină o cultură aleasă, frecventând școala de <a href="/wiki/Retoric%C4%83" title="Retorică">retorică</a> a lui <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbilius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbilius — pagină inexistentă">Orbilius</a>. Continuă studiile la Academia din <a href="/wiki/Atena" title="Atena">Atena</a>, ocupându-se în special de <a href="/wiki/Filosofie" title="Filosofie">filosofie</a> și <a href="/wiki/Poezie" title="Poezie">poezie</a>. După asasinarea lui <a href="/wiki/Caius_Iulius_Caesar" class="mw-redirect" title="Caius Iulius Caesar">Caesar</a> în anul <a href="/wiki/44_%C3%AE.Hr." title="44 î.Hr.">44 î.Hr.</a>, Horațiu se alătură trupelor republicane conduse de conspiratorii <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Iunius_Brutus" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcus Iunius Brutus">Brutus</a> și <a href="/wiki/Cassius" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Cassius">Cassius</a> și devine tribun militar. După înfrângerea suferită în bătălia de la <a href="/wiki/Philippi" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippi">Philippi</a> (<a href="/wiki/42_%C3%AE.Hr." title="42 î.Hr.">42 î.Hr.</a>) în fața trupelor lui <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Antonius" title="Marcus Antonius">Marcus Antonius</a> și <a href="/wiki/Octavianus_Augustus" title="Octavianus Augustus">Octavianus Augustus</a> (viitorul împărat), Horațiu se întoarce la <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a>, beneficiind de o amnistie generală instituită de învingători. Averea părintească a fost însă confiscată, Horațiu obține o funcție de secretar în administrația statului și are timp să se dedice poeziei. Primele sale versuri sunt remarcate de <a href="/wiki/Virgiliu" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgiliu">Virgiliu</a>, pe atunci <i>"Poeta laureatus"</i> al Romei, care îl prezintă nobilului și influentului încurajator al artelor, <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Mecenas" title="Gaius Mecenas">Gaius Maecenas</a>. Între Horațiu și Maecenas se dezvoltă o strânsă și durabilă prietenie. În anul <a href="/wiki/33_%C3%AE.Hr." title="33 î.Hr.">33 î.Hr.</a>, Maecena îi dăruiește o proprietate în regiunea munților Sabinici, nu departe de Roma. Aici are liniștea și tihna (<i>otium</i>) necesare pentru a se dedica întru-totul creației sale literare. După moartea lui Virgiliu, în anul <a href="/wiki/19_%C3%AE.Hr." title="19 î.Hr.">19 î.Hr.</a>, Horațiu este cel care primește distincția de <i>"Poeta laureatus"</i>. În anul <a href="/wiki/8_%C3%AE.Hr." title="8 î.Hr.">8 î.Hr.</a> Maecena moare și în același an, la <a href="/wiki/27_noiembrie" title="27 noiembrie">27 noiembrie</a>, moare și Horațiu, fiind înmormântat pe colina <i>Esquilina</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opera">Opera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Opera" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Opera"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Creația lui Horațiu s-a păstrat în întregime până în zilele noastre și poate fi împărțită în trei perioade: </p> <ul><li>Opera timpurie (<a href="/wiki/42_%C3%AE.Hr." title="42 î.Hr.">42 î.Hr.</a>-<a href="/wiki/30_%C3%AE.Hr." title="30 î.Hr.">30 î.Hr.</a>): <ul><li><i>Satirae</i>, <a href="/wiki/Satir%C4%83" title="Satiră">satire</a> care evoluează de la tonul violent sau sarcastic la ironia amuzantă și înțeleaptă, prin care răzbate conținutul didactic, dar și grație spirituală, umor și eleganță</li> <li><i>Epodon liber</i></li></ul></li> <li>Perioada clasică a maturității (<a href="/wiki/31_%C3%AE.Hr." title="31 î.Hr.">31 î.Hr.</a>-<a href="/wiki/20_%C3%AE.Hr." title="20 î.Hr.">20 î.Hr.</a>): <ul><li><i>Carmina I-III</i>, unde este prefigurată concepția <a href="/wiki/Epicur" title="Epicur">epicureică</a> echilibrată a poetului și realismul său psihologic</li> <li><i>Epistulae I</i>, prin care se realizează trecerea de la satira personală la <a href="/wiki/Filozofie" class="mw-redirect" title="Filozofie">filozofia</a> <a href="/wiki/Moral%C4%83" title="Morală">morală</a></li></ul></li> <li>Opere târzii (<a href="/wiki/18_%C3%AE.Hr." title="18 î.Hr.">18 î.Hr.</a>-<a href="/wiki/13_%C3%AE.Hr." title="13 î.Hr.">13 î.Hr.</a>): <ul><li><i>Carmen saeculare</i>, <a href="/wiki/Imn" title="Imn">imn</a> scris la cererea împăratului <a href="/wiki/Octavianus_Augustus" title="Octavianus Augustus">August</a> în cinstea <a href="/wiki/Diana_(zei%C8%9B%C4%83)" title="Diana (zeiță)">Dianei</a> și a lui <a href="/wiki/Apollo_(mitologie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollo (mitologie)">Apollo</a></li> <li><i>Carmina IV</i></li> <li><i>Epistulae II</i>, cuprinde celebra <i>Ars poetica</i>, în care sunt formulate principiile <a href="/wiki/Clasicism" title="Clasicism">clasicismului</a> <a href="/wiki/Antic" class="mw-redirect" title="Antic">antic</a> reluate ulterior de <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Boileau" title="Nicolas Boileau">Boileau</a> și <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pope" title="Alexander Pope">Pope</a>.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Satirele">Satirele</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Satirele" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Satirele"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Horatii_Flacci_Sermonum.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Horatii_Flacci_Sermonum.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Horatii_Flacci_Sermonum.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Horatii_Flacci_Sermonum.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Horatii_Flacci_Sermonum.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Horatii_Flacci_Sermonum.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Horatii_Flacci_Sermonum.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4152" data-file-height="6046" /></a><figcaption><i>Satirae</i>, 1577</figcaption></figure> <p>Cele două cărți cu <a href="/wiki/Satir%C4%83" title="Satiră">Satire</a> (<i>Satirae</i>), numite de Horațiu <i>Sermones</i> ("Convorbiri"), cuprind 18 poezii scrise în <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hexametru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hexametru — pagină inexistentă">hexametre</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ritm_dactil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ritm dactil — pagină inexistentă">dactilice</a>, inspirate din operele satiricului <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Lucillius" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaius Lucillius">Gaius Lucillius</a>. Sub forma unui dialog cu Maecena, sunt tratate teme <a href="/wiki/Etic%C4%83" title="Etică">etice</a>, criticându-se, pe baza unor exemple, ambiția nemăsurată, prostia, avariția, defecte și vicii care îi fac pe oameni nefericiți, într-un mod tolerant și cu umor, fără asprimea predecesorului său. Uneori se referă la slăbiciunile propriei sale persoane. Dialogul dintre poet și interlocutorul său ia sfârșit prin postularea principiului <a href="/wiki/Epicur" title="Epicur">epicurian</a>, al cărui adept a fost Horațiu, bazat pe preconizarea <a href="/wiki/Ataraxie" title="Ataraxie">ataraxiei</a>, a echilibrului interior și armoniei: <i>"Est modus in rebus, sunt certi denique fines,<br />Quos ultra citraque nequit consistere rectum"</i> "E o măsură-n toate: tu, drumul drept îl ține<br />Și nu călca hotarul pus între rău și bine" (<i>Sermones</i>, I,1: trad. de Al. Hodoș și Th. Măinescu) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Epodele">Epodele</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Epodele" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Epodele"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cartea Epodelor (<i>Epodon liber</i>, din <a href="/wiki/Limba_greac%C4%83" title="Limba greacă">limba greacă</a>: <i>"epódos"</i> = refren), denumită de Horațiu "Iambi", deși numai o parte din poezii sunt scrise în <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ritm_iambic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ritm iambic — pagină inexistentă">ritm iambic</a>, restul în <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ritm_dactil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ritm dactil — pagină inexistentă">dactile</a>, cuprinde 17 poeme lirico-satirice cu referire la evenimentele și problemele politice ale epocii, după modelul poetului grec <a href="/wiki/Arhiloh" title="Arhiloh">Archilochos din Paros</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Odele">Odele</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Odele" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Odele"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Horațiu a scris patru cărți de <a href="/wiki/Od%C4%83" title="Odă">ode</a>, intitulate <i>"Carmina"</i>, care cuprind 104 poeme pe teme civice, mitologico-religioase, politice, morale, erotice, <a href="/wiki/Bacchus" title="Bacchus">bacchice</a>, unele consacrate <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Romei</a> sau lui <a href="/wiki/Cezar_August" class="mw-redirect" title="Cezar August">Augustus</a>, reprezentând o culme a măiestriei sale poetice. Primele trei cărți au fost realizate în anul <a href="/wiki/23_%C3%AE.Hr." title="23 î.Hr.">23 î.Hr.</a>, ultima în anul <a href="/wiki/13_%C3%AE.Hr." title="13 î.Hr.">13 î.Hr.</a> Ca modele i-au folosit creațiile din literatura greacă ale lui <a href="/wiki/Alceu" title="Alceu">Alceu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anakreon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anakreon — pagină inexistentă">Anakreon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a> și <a href="/wiki/Sappho" title="Sappho">Sappho</a>. Spre deosebire de predecesorii săi greci, odele lui Horațiu sunt poezii lirice pure și nu au fost transpuse pe muzică. </p><p>Meditația asupra scurgerii ireversibile a timpului este un motiv major în odele horațiene, încercarea de a opri trecerea timpului și apropierea sfârșitului prin rugăminți și ofrande aduse zeilor este zadarnică (<i>Carmina</i>, II,14: <i>Ad Postumum</i>). Având în vedere meditația asupra acestor motive, în oda <i>Ad Leuconoen</i>, poetul îndeamnă la trăirea clipei - <i>carpe diem</i> - și renunțarea la cercetarea inutilă a viitorului: </p> <dl><dd><i>Spem longam reseces. Dum loquimur, fugerit invida / aetas: CARPE DIEM, quam minimum credula postero!</i> ("Speranța după timp ți-o păsuiește / căci vremea, cât de rea, se scurge cât vorbim / CULEGE ZIUA CEA DE ASTĂZI, ce va fi mâine noi nu știm!” - <i>Carmina</i>, I,11: <i>Ad Leuconoen</i>)</dd></dl> <p>În poemul-epilog al cărții a treia de Ode se regăsește expresia celebră a motivului autoelogiului propriei opere literare: <i>Exegi monumentum...</i> (<i>Carmina</i>, III,30). <i>Carmen saeculare</i>, scrisă cu ocazia sărbătorilor „seculare” (<i>ludi saeculares</i>) organizate de împăratul <a href="/wiki/Cezar_August" class="mw-redirect" title="Cezar August">Augustus</a> (<a href="/wiki/17_%C3%AE.Hr." title="17 î.Hr.">17 î.Hr.</a>), este oda patriotică cea mai avântată închinată gloriei <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Romei</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Epistole">Epistole</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Epistole" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Epistole"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Epistulae</i> ("Scrisori"), două cărți (<a href="/wiki/20" title="20">20</a> și <a href="/wiki/13" title="13">13</a> a.Chr.) în hexametru dactilic cu problematică filosofică, morală, literară etc. Ca filosof, Horațiu preferă principiul <a href="/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel">aristotelian</a> al "căii de mijloc de aur" (<i>aurea mediocritas</i>) și învățăturile lui <a href="/wiki/Epicur" title="Epicur">Epicur</a>, conform cărora plăcerea reprezintă bunul unic, iar durerea singurul rău existent. Adevărata plăcere se găsește în starea de absolută liniște sufletească, în tihnă, într-un mod de viață bazat pe virtuțile majore (<i>mores maiorum</i>): modestia, curajul, fidelitatea, statornicia, dreptatea și respectul. A doua carte de epistole este consacrată problemelor literaturii. Se remarcă printre ele <i>"Epistula ad Pisones"</i> ("Scrisoare către Pisoni", Lucius Calpurnius Piso, consul în anul <a href="/wiki/15" title="15">15</a> a.Chr., și cei doi fii ai săi, Lucius și Gaius, iubitori și protectori ai literelor), cunoscută mai târziu ca <i>"Ars poetica"</i> ("Artă poetică"). Fără a avea pretenția de a redacta un tratat de poetică după toate regulile, Horațiu își exprimă clar în 476 de versuri, sub forma unei conversații prietenești cu Pisonii, ideile sale referitoare la problemele scrierii operelor literare. Această operă a exercitat o deosebită influență asupra posterității, până în timpurile moderne. Astfel <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Boileau-Despr%C3%A9aux" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux">Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux</a>, poet și critic literar francez, sintetizează în <i>"Art poétique"</i> <a href="/wiki/1674" title="1674">1674</a>) principiile <a href="/wiki/Clasicism" title="Clasicism">clasicismului</a>, fructificând izvoarele antice: <a href="/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel">Aristotel</a> (poezia este o imitație a vieții - <i>mimesis</i>) și ideile estetice ale lui Horațiu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Repere_ale_operei_lui_Horațiu"><span id="Repere_ale_operei_lui_Hora.C8.9Biu"></span>Repere ale operei lui Horațiu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Repere ale operei lui Horațiu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Repere ale operei lui Horațiu"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Opera lui Horațiu, prin concepția filosofică, spiritul ei larg, lirismul avântat, înclinația satirică, ironia fină, eleganța și concizia, varietatea de ritmuri a versurilor, valorificarea experienței umane și artistice în funcție de principiile morale, a găsit un ecou profund în conștiința artistică a multor poeți moderni, printre care și <a href="/wiki/Mihai_Eminescu" title="Mihai Eminescu">Mihai Eminescu</a>, admirator entuziast al marelui poet latin. Seninătății, echilibrului armonios din meditațiile horațiene îi corespunde o artă literară întemeiată pe simetrie, pe stăpânirea rațională a expresiei. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Traducători_români_din_operele_lui_Horațiu"><span id="Traduc.C4.83tori_rom.C3.A2ni_din_operele_lui_Hora.C8.9Biu"></span>Traducători români din operele lui Horațiu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifică secțiunea: Traducători români din operele lui Horațiu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Traducători români din operele lui Horațiu"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Hodo%C8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandru Hodoș">Alexandru Hodoș</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theodor_M%C4%83inescu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theodor Măinescu — pagină inexistentă">Theodor Măinescu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petre_Stati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petre Stati — pagină inexistentă">Petre Stati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Slu%C8%99anschi" title="Dan Slușanschi">Dan Slușanschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumitru_C._Oll%C4%83nescu-Ascanio" title="Dumitru C. Ollănescu-Ascanio">Dumitru C. Ollănescu-Ascanio</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ionel_Marinescu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ionel Marinescu — pagină inexistentă">Ionel Marinescu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lozinschi_Doina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lozinschi Doina — pagină inexistentă">Lozinschi Doina</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citate">Citate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifică secțiunea: Citate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Citate"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Quae virtus et quanta sit vivere parvo!</i> ("A se mulțumi cu puțin este o virtute atât de mare!") - <i>Sermones</i>, II,2,1</li> <li><i>Dum licet, in rebus iucundis vive beatus!</i> ("Fii fericit cu lucrurile plăcute, cât îți este cu putință") - <i>Sermones</i>, II,6,96</li> <li><i>Ira furor brevis est; animum rege, qui nisi paret, imperat.</i> ("Mânia este o nebunie de scurtă durată; stăpânește-ți mânia, căci dacă nu este ținută în frâu, ea îți poruncește") - <i>Epistulae</i>, I,2,62-63</li> <li><i>Carpe diem, quam minimum credula postero!</i> ("Trăiește-ți ziua de azi, nu te încrede în cea următoare!") - <i>Carmina</i>, I,11,7-8</li> <li><i>Dimidium facti qui coepit habet.</i> ("Lucrul început este pe jumătate făcut.") - <i>Sermones</i>, I,2,14</li> <li><i>Beatus ille procul negotiis...</i> ("Fericit acela departe de orice griji...") - <i>Epodae</i>, II,1</li> <li><i>Quidquid praecipies, esto brevis!</i> ("Orice sfat vei da, să fii concis!") - <i>Ars poetica</i>, 335</li> <li><i>Scribendi recte sapere est et principium et fons.</i> ("Bunul simț este pentru scrisul cel bun și izvor, și principiu") - <i>Ars poetica</i>, 309</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-143f552eed7b15dcc1d34499a77015ae-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143f552eed7b15dcc1d34499a77015ae_1-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18602173" class="extiw" title="d:Q18602173"><span lang="en">Dictionnaire des philosophes antiques II</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Dictionnaire des philosophes antiques II</span> (French dictionary of ancient philosophers (second volume), from Babélyca d'Argos to Dyscolius)|]]</span></i>, p. 502</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%26%238203%3B%5D%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E%5B%5BCategorie%3AArticole+cu+leg%C4%83turi+c%C4%83tre+elemente+f%C4%83r%C4%83+etichet%C4%83+%C3%AEn+limba+rom%C3%A2n%C4%83&rft.pages=502&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AQuintus+Horatius+Flaccus" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Verificați valoarea <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|titlelink=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#bad_paramlink" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-c005ea7c369f2e30366147dd52c61415-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-c005ea7c369f2e30366147dd52c61415_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-c005ea7c369f2e30366147dd52c61415_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-c005ea7c369f2e30366147dd52c61415_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45181613" class="extiw" title="d:Q45181613"><span lang="ru-Latn">RSKD / Horatii</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="ru-Latn">RSKD / Horatii</span> (dictionary entry)|]]</span></i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%26%238203%3B%5D%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E%5B%5BCategorie%3AArticole+cu+leg%C4%83turi+c%C4%83tre+elemente+f%C4%83r%C4%83+etichet%C4%83+%C3%AEn+limba+rom%C3%A2n%C4%83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AQuintus+Horatius+Flaccus" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Verificați valoarea <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|titlelink=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#bad_paramlink" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-c35da72209afc67b43aa7896933181fa-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-c35da72209afc67b43aa7896933181fa_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-c35da72209afc67b43aa7896933181fa_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50841769" class="extiw" title="d:Q50841769"><span lang="en">EB-11 / Horace</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">EB-11 / Horace</span> (Encyclopædia Britannica article)|]]</span></i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%26%238203%3B%5D%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E%5B%5BCategorie%3AArticole+cu+leg%C4%83turi+c%C4%83tre+elemente+f%C4%83r%C4%83+etichet%C4%83+%C3%AEn+limba+rom%C3%A2n%C4%83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AQuintus+Horatius+Flaccus" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Verificați valoarea <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|titlelink=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#bad_paramlink" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ee91e93c2d9efc198d37401a7a207527-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ee91e93c2d9efc198d37401a7a207527_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ee91e93c2d9efc198d37401a7a207527_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/"><i><span lang="it">Enciclopedia Treccani</span></i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22it%22%3EEnciclopedia+Treccani%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.treccani.it%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AQuintus+Horatius+Flaccus" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23efe0012746e145c4fbb11c782b0043-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23efe0012746e145c4fbb11c782b0043_5-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118553569">„Quintus Horatius Flaccus”</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">Gemeinsame Normdatei</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2015-04-02">2 aprilie 2015</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Quintus+Horatius+Flaccus&rft.btitle=Gemeinsame+Normdatei&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fd-nb.info%2Fgnd%2F118553569&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AQuintus+Horatius+Flaccus" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-e637dc1c29bcaa4677df488d137b11f2-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-e637dc1c29bcaa4677df488d137b11f2_6-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mirabileweb.it"><i><span lang="it">Mirabile: Archivio digitale della cultura medievale</span></i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22it%22%3EMirabile%3A+Archivio+digitale+della+cultura+medievale%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mirabileweb.it&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AQuintus+Horatius+Flaccus" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260_7-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16744133" class="extiw" title="d:Q16744133">CONOR.SI</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=CONOR.SI_(authority_control_file_for_author_and_corporate_names_in_Slovene_system_COBISS)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CONOR.SI (authority control file for author and corporate names in Slovene system COBISS) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span></i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%26%238203%3B&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AQuintus+Horatius+Flaccus" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Verificați valoarea <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|titlelink=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#bad_paramlink" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifică secțiunea: Bibliografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eugen_Cizek" title="Eugen Cizek">Eugen Cizek</a>: <i>Istoria literaturii latine</i>, Ed. Adevărul S.A., București, 1994, reeditare la editura "Corint"</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traian_Costa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Traian Costa — pagină inexistentă">Traian Costa</a> și <a href="/wiki/Mihai_Nichita" title="Mihai Nichita">Mihai Nichita</a> (ed.): <i>Horatius: Opera omnia</i>, Ed. Univers, București, 1980</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhardt_Kytzler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernhardt Kytzler — pagină inexistentă">Bernhardt Kytzler</a>: <i>Horaz. Eine Einführung</i>, Reclam-Verlag, Stuttgart, <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9f9); color:var(--color-base, #000); width: 230px; padding: 2px; spacing: 2px; 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