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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Materials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Materials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Materials</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Materials-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Materials subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Materials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Natural_fibers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_fibers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Natural fibers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natural_fibers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cotton" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cotton"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Cotton</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cotton-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Silk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Silk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Silk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Silk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Linen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Linen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>Linen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Linen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_plant_fibers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_plant_fibers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.4</span> <span>Other plant fibers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_plant_fibers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Animal_fibers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Animal_fibers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.5</span> <span>Animal fibers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Animal_fibers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Synthetic_fibers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Synthetic_fibers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Synthetic fibers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Synthetic_fibers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yarn_from_recycled_materials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yarn_from_recycled_materials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Yarn from recycled materials</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yarn_from_recycled_materials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comparison_of_material_properties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comparison_of_material_properties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Comparison of material properties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comparison_of_material_properties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Structure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Structure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Structure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Spun_yarn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spun_yarn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Spun yarn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spun_yarn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Carded_and_combed_yarn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carded_and_combed_yarn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Carded and combed yarn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Carded_and_combed_yarn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hosiery_yarn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hosiery_yarn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Hosiery yarn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hosiery_yarn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Open-end_yarn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Open-end_yarn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>Open-end yarn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Open-end_yarn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Novelty_yarn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Novelty_yarn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.4</span> <span>Novelty yarn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Novelty_yarn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filament_yarn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filament_yarn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Filament yarn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filament_yarn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Texturized_yarn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Texturized_yarn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Texturized yarn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Texturized_yarn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colour" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colour"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Colour</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colour-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Weight" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Weight"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Weight</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Weight-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yarn_skeins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yarn_skeins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Yarn skeins</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Yarn_skeins-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Yarn skeins subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Yarn_skeins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Hank</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Skein" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skein"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Skein</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skein-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Microscopic_aspect_of_selected_yarns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Microscopic_aspect_of_selected_yarns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Microscopic aspect of selected yarns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Microscopic_aspect_of_selected_yarns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Yarn</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 70 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-70" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">70 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garing" title="Garing – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Garing" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B7" title="خيط – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خيط" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inimbo" title="Inimbo – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Inimbo" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawai" title="Lawai – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Lawai" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%AE-se" title="Mî-se – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Mî-se" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Пража – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пража" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Прежда – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Прежда" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fil" title="Fil – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fil" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83%D0%BC" title="Арлăм – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Арлăм" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%99%C3%ADze" title="Příze – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Příze" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edau" title="Edau – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Edau" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strikkegarn" title="Strikkegarn – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Strikkegarn" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garn" title="Garn – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Garn" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B5ng" title="Lõng – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lõng" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fil%C3%AA" title="Filê – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Filê" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilo" title="Hilo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hilo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fadeno" title="Fadeno – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fadeno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hari" title="Hari – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hari" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AE" title="نخ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نخ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fil_textile" title="Fil textile – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fil textile" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jern" title="Jern – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Jern" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%A4" title="실 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="실" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%81niani" title="Pāniani – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Pāniani" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%AE%D6%84" title="Մանվածք – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մանվածք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4_(%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE)" title="सूत (रेशा) – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सूत (रेशा)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filo" title="Filo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Filo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benang" title="Benang – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Benang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filato" title="Filato – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Filato" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%98" title="חוט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חוט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolah" title="Bolah – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Bolah" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%81" title="ನೂಲು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ನೂಲು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%96%D0%BF" title="Жіп – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жіп" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzi" title="Uzi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uzi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta_(bestir)" title="Ta (bestir) – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Ta (bestir)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzija" title="Dzija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dzija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gar" title="Gar – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Gar" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaan" title="Gaan – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Gaan" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BAsi" title="Búsi – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Búsi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonal" title="Fonal – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fonal" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%93%D0%B0" title="Преѓа – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Преѓа" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kofehy" title="Kofehy – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kofehy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="تا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="تا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banang" title="Banang – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Banang" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garen_(draad)" title="Garen (draad) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Garen (draad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E7%B3%B8" title="毛糸 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="毛糸" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juarn" title="Juarn – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Juarn" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garn_(tekstil)" title="Garn (tekstil) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Garn (tekstil)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tekstilgarn" title="Tekstilgarn – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tekstilgarn" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fil_textil" title="Fil textil – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fil textil" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prz%C4%99dza" title="Przędza – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Przędza" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fio_t%C3%AAxtil" title="Fio têxtil – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fio têxtil" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Ață – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ață" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%27aytu" title="Q'aytu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Q'aytu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Пряжа – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пряжа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yairn" title="Yairn – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Yairn" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yarn" title="Yarn – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Yarn" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preja" title="Preja – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Preja" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre%C4%91a" title="Pređa – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pređa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kant%C3%A9h" title="Kantéh – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kantéh" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanka" title="Lanka – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lanka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A5d" title="Tråd – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tråd" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C9%A3ris" title="Aɣris – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Aɣris" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="దారం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="దారం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="เส้นด้าย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เส้นด้าย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li 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i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Yarn_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Yarn (disambiguation)">Yarn (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 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.ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Lead_too_short plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-lead_too_short" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Length" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">lead section</a> <b>may be too short to adequately <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">summarize</a> the key points</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please consider expanding the lead to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Provide_an_accessible_overview" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">provide an accessible overview</a> of all important aspects of the article.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ccc">Yarn</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Yarn_at_Folklife_-_Stierch.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Yarn_at_Folklife_-_Stierch.jpg/250px-Yarn_at_Folklife_-_Stierch.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Yarn_at_Folklife_-_Stierch.jpg/330px-Yarn_at_Folklife_-_Stierch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Yarn_at_Folklife_-_Stierch.jpg/500px-Yarn_at_Folklife_-_Stierch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Balls of yarn</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rope_on_flowers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Rope_on_flowers.jpg/250px-Rope_on_flowers.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Rope_on_flowers.jpg/330px-Rope_on_flowers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Rope_on_flowers.jpg/500px-Rope_on_flowers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption>A visual of twisted yarn </figcaption></figure> <p><b>Yarn</b> is a long continuous length of interlocked <a href="/wiki/Fibre" class="mw-redirect" title="Fibre">fibres</a>, used in <a href="/wiki/Sewing" title="Sewing">sewing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crochet" title="Crochet">crocheting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Knitting" title="Knitting">knitting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Weaving" title="Weaving">weaving</a>, <a href="/wiki/Embroidery" title="Embroidery">embroidery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rope" title="Rope">ropemaking</a>, and the production of <a href="/wiki/Textile" title="Textile">textiles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-definition_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-definition-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Thread_(yarn)" title="Thread (yarn)">Thread</a></i> is a type of yarn intended for sewing by hand or <a href="/wiki/Sewing_machine" title="Sewing machine">machine</a>. Modern manufactured sewing threads may be finished with <a href="/wiki/Wax" title="Wax">wax</a> or other <a href="/wiki/Lubricant" title="Lubricant">lubricants</a> to withstand the stresses involved in sewing.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Embroidery_thread" title="Embroidery thread">Embroidery threads</a> are yarns specifically designed for <a href="/wiki/Needlework" title="Needlework">needlework</a>. Yarn can be made of a number of natural or synthetic materials, and comes in a variety of colors and thicknesses (referred to as "weights"). Although yarn may be <a href="/wiki/Dyeing" title="Dyeing">dyed</a> different colours, most yarns are solid coloured with a uniform <a href="/wiki/Hue" title="Hue">hue</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/yarn#English" class="extiw" title="wikt:yarn">yarn</a>" comes from <a href="/wiki/Middle_English" title="Middle English">Middle English</a>, from the <a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a> <span title="Old English (ca. 450-1100)-language text"><i lang="ang">gearn</i></span>, akin to <a href="/wiki/Old_High_German" title="Old High German">Old High German</a> <i><span title="Old High German (ca. 750-1050)-language text"><i lang="goh">garn</i></span></i>, "yarn", <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a> <i><span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">garen</i></span></i>, <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> <i><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">χορδή</span></span></i>, "string", and <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> <span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">hira</i></span>, "band".<sup id="cite_ref-definition_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-definition-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The human production of yarn is known to have existed since the <a href="/wiki/Stone_Age" title="Stone Age">Stone Age</a> and earlier <a href="/wiki/Prehistory" title="Prehistory">prehistory</a>, with ancient <a href="/wiki/Fiber" title="Fiber">fiber</a> materials developing from animal <a href="/wiki/Hide_(skin)" title="Hide (skin)">hides</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Reed_(plant)" title="Reed (plant)">reeds</a>, to early fabrics. <a href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">Cotton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wool" title="Wool">wool</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Silk" title="Silk">silk</a> were the first materials for yarn, and textile <a href="/wiki/Trade" title="Trade">trade</a> contributed immensely to the ancient global economy.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2011, the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_University_of_Textiles" title="Bangladesh University of Textiles">Bangladesh University of Textiles</a> established a specialized Department of Yarn Engineering, focusing on the advanced techniques of transforming textile fibers into yarn.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Materials">Materials</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Materials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yarn can be made from a number of <a href="/wiki/Natural_fiber" title="Natural fiber">natural</a> or <a href="/wiki/Synthetic_fiber" title="Synthetic fiber">synthetic fibers</a>, or a blend of natural and synthetic fibers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natural_fibers">Natural fibers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Natural fibers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Natural_fiber" title="Natural fiber">Natural fiber</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cotton">Cotton</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cotton"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fl%C3%BCgelspinnmaschine.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Fl%C3%BCgelspinnmaschine.jpeg/250px-Fl%C3%BCgelspinnmaschine.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Fl%C3%BCgelspinnmaschine.jpeg/330px-Fl%C3%BCgelspinnmaschine.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Fl%C3%BCgelspinnmaschine.jpeg/500px-Fl%C3%BCgelspinnmaschine.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1799" data-file-height="2700" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cotton-spinning_machinery" title="Cotton-spinning machinery">Flyer spinning</a> of cotton</figcaption></figure> <p>The most common plant fiber is <a href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">cotton</a>, which is typically spun into fine yarn for mechanical weaving or knitting into <a href="/wiki/Cloth" class="mw-redirect" title="Cloth">cloth</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-advameg_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-advameg-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Silk">Silk</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Silk"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Silk" title="Silk">Silk</a> is a natural <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a> <a href="/wiki/Fiber" title="Fiber">fiber</a>, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of <a href="/wiki/Fibroin" title="Fibroin">fibroin</a> and is produced by the larvae of the moth <i><a href="/wiki/Bombyx_mori" title="Bombyx mori">Bombyx mori</a></i>. Silk production is thought to have begun in China and silk thread and cloth manufacture was well-established by the <a href="/wiki/Shang_dynasty" title="Shang dynasty">Shang dynasty</a> (1600–1050 BCE).<sup id="cite_ref-postrel_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-postrel-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Linen">Linen</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Linen"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Linen" title="Linen">Linen</a> is another natural fiber with a long history of use for yarn and textiles. Linen fibers are derived from the <a href="/wiki/Flax" title="Flax">flax</a> plant. <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_plant_fibers">Other plant fibers</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Other plant fibers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:40-QWSTION-BANANATEX-WARPING-LAUSCHSICHT.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/40-QWSTION-BANANATEX-WARPING-LAUSCHSICHT.jpg/250px-40-QWSTION-BANANATEX-WARPING-LAUSCHSICHT.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/40-QWSTION-BANANATEX-WARPING-LAUSCHSICHT.jpg/330px-40-QWSTION-BANANATEX-WARPING-LAUSCHSICHT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/40-QWSTION-BANANATEX-WARPING-LAUSCHSICHT.jpg/500px-40-QWSTION-BANANATEX-WARPING-LAUSCHSICHT.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4420" data-file-height="5927" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Manila_hemp" class="mw-redirect" title="Manila hemp">Manila hemp</a> warp yarns being prepared for weaving in a modern textile factory</figcaption></figure> <p>Other plant fibers which can be spun include <a href="/wiki/Bamboo" title="Bamboo">bamboo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hemp" title="Hemp">hemp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">maize</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urtica_dioica" title="Urtica dioica">nettle</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Soy" class="mw-redirect" title="Soy">soy</a> fiber.<sup id="cite_ref-vikki_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vikki-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Animal_fibers">Animal fibers</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Animal fibers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most common spun animal fiber is <a href="/wiki/Wool" title="Wool">wool</a> harvested from <a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">sheep</a>. As long fibers make better yarn, sheep have been bred over time to produce longer fibers. This increases the need for <a href="/wiki/Sheep_shearing" title="Sheep shearing">shearing</a> to prevent pests and overheating.<sup id="cite_ref-doyle_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-doyle-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other animal fibers used include <a href="/wiki/Alpaca" title="Alpaca">alpaca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angora_wool" title="Angora wool">angora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mohair" title="Mohair">mohair</a>, <a href="/wiki/Llama" title="Llama">llama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cashmere_wool" title="Cashmere wool">cashmere</a>, and silk.<sup id="cite_ref-vikki_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vikki-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More rarely, yarn may be spun from <a href="/wiki/Camel" title="Camel">camel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yak" title="Yak">yak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Common_brushtail_possum" title="Common brushtail possum">possum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Musk_ox" class="mw-redirect" title="Musk ox">musk ox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vicu%C3%B1a" title="Vicuña">vicuña</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cat" title="Cat">cat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chiengora" title="Chiengora">dog</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolf" title="Wolf">wolf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angora_rabbit" title="Angora rabbit">rabbit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bison" title="Bison">bison</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Chinchilla" title="Chinchilla">chinchilla</a> hair, as well as <a href="/wiki/Turkey_(bird)" title="Turkey (bird)">turkey</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ostrich" title="Ostrich">ostrich</a> feathers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Synthetic_fibers">Synthetic fibers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Synthetic fibers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Synthetic_fiber" title="Synthetic fiber">Synthetic fiber</a></div> <p>Some examples of synthetic fibers that are used as yarn are <a href="/wiki/Nylon" title="Nylon">nylon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acrylic_fiber" title="Acrylic fiber">acrylic fiber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rayon" title="Rayon">rayon</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Polyester" title="Polyester">polyester</a>. Synthetic fibers are generally extruded in continuous strands of gel-state materials. These strands are drawn (stretched), annealed (hardened), and cured to obtain properties desirable for later processing. </p><p>Synthetic fibers come in three basic forms: staple, tow, and filament. Staple is cut fibers, generally sold in lengths up to 120 mm. Tow is a continuous "rope" of fibers consisting of many filaments loosely joined side-to-side. Filament is a continuous strand consisting of anything from one filament to many. Synthetic fiber is most often <a href="/wiki/Units_of_textile_measurement" title="Units of textile measurement">measured in a weight per linear measurement basis</a>, along with cut length. Denier and Dtex are the most common weight to length measures. Cut-length only applies to staple fiber. </p><p>Filament extrusion is sometimes referred to as "spinning," but most people equate spinning with spun yarn production. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yarn_from_recycled_materials">Yarn from recycled materials</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Yarn from recycled materials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/T-shirt" title="T-shirt">T-shirt</a> yarn is a recycled yarn made from the same fabric as is used in T-shirts and other clothes. It is often made from the remainder fabric of clothing manufacture, and therefore is considered a recycled and <a href="/wiki/Environmentally_friendly" title="Environmentally friendly">eco-friendly</a> product. It can also be made at home out of used clothing.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2023">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-coburn_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coburn-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The resulting yarn can be used in knitted or crocheted items.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comparison_of_material_properties">Comparison of material properties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Comparison of material properties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Restored_primary_level_spinning_machine_at_Quarry_Bank_Mill.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Restored_primary_level_spinning_machine_at_Quarry_Bank_Mill.jpg/250px-Restored_primary_level_spinning_machine_at_Quarry_Bank_Mill.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Restored_primary_level_spinning_machine_at_Quarry_Bank_Mill.jpg/330px-Restored_primary_level_spinning_machine_at_Quarry_Bank_Mill.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Restored_primary_level_spinning_machine_at_Quarry_Bank_Mill.jpg/380px-Restored_primary_level_spinning_machine_at_Quarry_Bank_Mill.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption>A fully restored Derby Doubler, winding a sliver lap ready for finisher carding at <a href="/wiki/Quarry_Bank_Mill" title="Quarry Bank Mill">Quarry Bank Mill</a> in the UK</figcaption></figure> <p>In general, natural fibers tend to require more careful handling than synthetics because they can shrink, <a href="/wiki/Felt" title="Felt">felt</a>, stain, shed, fade, stretch, wrinkle, or be eaten by <a href="/wiki/Moth" title="Moth">moths</a> more readily, unless special treatments such as <a href="/wiki/Mercerized_cotton" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercerized cotton">mercerization</a> or super washing are performed to strengthen, fix color, or otherwise enhance the fiber's own properties. </p><p>Some types of protein yarns (i.e., hair, silk, feathers) may feel irritating to some people, causing <a href="/wiki/Contact_dermatitis" title="Contact dermatitis">contact dermatitis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hives" title="Hives">hives</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Wheeze" title="Wheeze">wheezing</a>. These reactions are likely a sensitivity to thicker and coarser fiber diameter or fiber ends.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In fact, contrary to popular belief, wool allergies are practically unknown. According to a study reviewing the evidence of wool as an <a href="/wiki/Allergen" title="Allergen">allergen</a> conducted by Acta Dermato-Venereologica,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid28350041_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid28350041-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> contemporary superfine or ultrafine Merino wool with their reduced fibre diameters do not provoke itch, are well tolerated and in fact benefit <a href="/wiki/Dermatitis" title="Dermatitis">eczema</a> management.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid28350041_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid28350041-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further studies suggest that known allergens applied during textile processing are minimally present in wool garments today given current industry practices and are unlikely to lead to allergic reactions.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When natural hair-type fibers are burned, they tend to singe and have a smell of burnt hair; this is because many, like human hair, are protein-derived. Cotton and viscose (rayon) yarns burn as a wick. Synthetic yarns generally tend to melt, though some synthetics are inherently <a href="/wiki/Fire-retardant_fabric" title="Fire-retardant fabric">flame-retardant</a>. Noting how an unidentified fiber strand burns and smells can assist in determining if it is natural or synthetic, and what the fiber content is. </p><p>Both synthetic and natural yarns can <a href="/wiki/Pill_(textile)" title="Pill (textile)">pill</a>. Pilling is a function of fiber content, spinning method, twist, contiguous staple length, and fabric construction. Single ply yarns or using fibers like merino wool are known to pill more due to the fact that in the former, the single ply is not tight enough to securely retain all the fibers under abrasion, and the merino wool's short staple length allows the ends of the fibers to pop out of the twist more easily. </p><p>Yarns combining synthetic and natural fibers inherit the properties of each parent, according to the proportional composition. Synthetics are added to lower cost, increase durability, add unusual color or visual effects, provide machine washability and stain resistance, reduce heat retention, or lighten garment weight. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Spinning_(textiles)" title="Spinning (textiles)">Spinning (textiles)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Spinning_jenny.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Spinning_jenny.jpg/250px-Spinning_jenny.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Spinning_jenny.jpg/330px-Spinning_jenny.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Spinning_jenny.jpg/500px-Spinning_jenny.jpg 2x" data-file-width="705" data-file-height="582" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Spinning_jenny" title="Spinning jenny">Spinning Jenny</a>, spinning machine which was significant in the beginning of the Industrial Revolution</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yarn_twist_S-Left_Z-Right.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Yarn_twist_S-Left_Z-Right.png/250px-Yarn_twist_S-Left_Z-Right.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Yarn_twist_S-Left_Z-Right.png/255px-Yarn_twist_S-Left_Z-Right.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Yarn_twist_S-Left_Z-Right.png 2x" data-file-width="263" data-file-height="326" /></a><figcaption>S- and Z-twist yarn</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spun_yarn"><span class="anchor" id="Spun_yarn"></span>Spun yarn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Spun yarn"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Spun yarn is made by twisting <a href="/wiki/Staple_(textiles)" title="Staple (textiles)">staple</a> <a href="/wiki/Fibre" class="mw-redirect" title="Fibre">fibres</a> together to make a cohesive thread, or "single".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Twisting fibres into yarn in the process called <a href="/wiki/Spinning_(textiles)" title="Spinning (textiles)">spinning</a> can be dated back to the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Paleolithic" title="Upper Paleolithic">Upper Paleolithic</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and yarn spinning was one of the first processes to be <a href="/wiki/Industrialized" class="mw-redirect" title="Industrialized">industrialized</a>. Spun yarns are produced by placing a series of individual fibres or filaments together to form a continuous assembly of overlapping fibres, usually bound together by twist. Spun yarns may contain a single type of fibre, or be a blend of various types. Combining synthetic fibres (which can have high strength, lustre, and fire retardant qualities) with natural fibres (which have good water absorbency and skin comforting qualities) is very common. The most widely used blends are cotton-polyester and wool-acrylic fibre blends. Blends of different natural fibres are common too, especially with more expensive fibres such as alpaca, <a href="/wiki/Angora_wool" title="Angora wool">angora</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cashmere_wool" title="Cashmere wool">cashmere</a>. </p><p>Yarn is selected for different textiles based on the characteristics of the yarn fibres, such as warmth (wool), light weight (cotton or rayon), durability (nylon is added to sock yarn, for example), or softness (cashmere, alpaca). </p><p>Yarn is composed of twisted strands of fiber, which are known as plies when grouped together.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These strands of yarn are twisted together (<a href="/wiki/Plying" title="Plying">plied</a>) in the opposite direction to make a thicker yarn. Depending on the direction of this final twist, the yarn will have either <i>s-twist</i> (the threads appear to go "up" to the left) or <i>z-twist</i> (to the right). For a single ply yarn, the direction of the final twist is the same as its original twist. The twist direction of yarn can affect the final properties of the fabric, and combined use of the two twist directions can nullify skewing in knitted fabric.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The mechanical integrity of yarn is derived from frictional contacts between its composing fibers. The science behind this was first studied by <a href="/wiki/Galileo" class="mw-redirect" title="Galileo">Galileo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Carded_and_combed_yarn">Carded and combed yarn</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Carded and combed yarn"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Combed yarns are produced by adding another step of yarn spinning, namely combing, which aligns the fibres and removes the short fibres carried over from the previous step of carding. Combed yarn results in superior-quality fabrics. In comparison to carded yarns, this particular yarn is slightly more expensive, because the weaving is a long, consuming process. Combining separates small fibres from elongated fibres, in which this procedure makes the yarn softer and smoother.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hosiery_yarn">Hosiery yarn</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Hosiery yarn"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hosiery yarns are used in the manufacturing of <a href="/wiki/Knitted_fabric" title="Knitted fabric">knitted fabrics</a>. Since the knitted materials are more delicate than woven materials; hence hosiery yarns are made 'softer' with fewer <a href="/wiki/Twist_per_inch" title="Twist per inch">twists per inch</a> than their woven counterparts. Hosiery yarn comes from a separate spinning process (melt spinning), and is used with circular knitting machines to form fabric.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Open-end_yarn">Open-end yarn</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Open-end yarn"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Open-end yarn is produced by <a href="/wiki/Open-end_spinning" title="Open-end spinning">open-end spinning</a> without a <a href="/wiki/Spindle_(textiles)" title="Spindle (textiles)">spindle</a>. The method of spinning is different from <a href="/wiki/Ring_spinning" title="Ring spinning">ring spinning</a>. In open-end yarn, there is no <a href="/wiki/Roving" title="Roving">roving</a> frame stage. <a href="/wiki/Sliver_(textiles)" title="Sliver (textiles)">Sliver</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Carding" title="Carding">card</a> goes into the rotor, is spun into yarn directly. Open-end yarn can be produced from short fibers. Open-end yarns are different from ring yarns. Open-end yarns are limited to coarser counts.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Novelty_yarn">Novelty yarn</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Novelty yarn"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Novelty_yarns" title="Novelty yarns">Novelty yarns</a></div> <p>Novelty yarns or complex yarns are yarns with special (fancy) effects introduced during spinning or plying. One example is <a href="/wiki/Slub_(textiles)" title="Slub (textiles)">slub</a> yarns, yarn with thick or thin sections alternating regularly or irregularly. In a similar manner, creating deliberate unevenness, additions or injections of neps or metallic or synthetic fibers (along with natural fibers) in spinning creates novelty yarns. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Filament_yarn">Filament yarn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Filament yarn"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Filament yarn consists of <a href="/wiki/Filament_fibre" class="mw-redirect" title="Filament fibre">filament fibres</a> (very long continuous fibres) either twisted together or only grouped together. Thicker <a href="/wiki/Monofilament_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Monofilament line">monofilaments</a> are typically used for industrial purposes rather than fabric production or decoration. Silk is a natural filament, and synthetic filament yarns are used to produce silk-like effects. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Texturized_yarn">Texturized yarn</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Texturized yarn"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Texturized yarns are made by a process of air texturizing filament yarns (sometimes referred to as <i><a href="/wiki/Taslanizing" title="Taslanizing">taslanizing</a></i>), which combines multiple filament yarns into a yarn with some of the characteristics of spun yarns. They are synthetic continuous filaments that are modified to impart special texture and appearance. It was originally applied to synthetic fibers to reduce transparency, slipperiness and increase warmth, absorbency and makes the yarn more opaque. It was used to manufacture a variety of textile products: knitted underwear and outer wear, shape-retaining knitted suits, overcoats. They also were used in the production of artificial fur, carpets, blankets, etc.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Colour">Colour</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Colour"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yarn_store_with_various_yarns.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Yarn_store_with_various_yarns.jpg/250px-Yarn_store_with_various_yarns.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Yarn_store_with_various_yarns.jpg/330px-Yarn_store_with_various_yarns.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Yarn_store_with_various_yarns.jpg/500px-Yarn_store_with_various_yarns.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Yarn in various colours sold at a yarn store</figcaption></figure> <p>Yarn may be used undyed, or may be coloured with <a href="/wiki/Natural_dye" title="Natural dye">natural</a> or artificial <a href="/wiki/Dye" title="Dye">dyes</a>. Most yarns have a single uniform hue, but there is also a wide selection of variegated yarns: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heather_(fabric)" title="Heather (fabric)">Heathered</a> or <a href="/wiki/Tweed" title="Tweed">tweed</a>: yarn with flecks of different coloured fibre</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ombr%C3%A9" title="Ombré">Ombré</a>: variegated yarn with light and dark shades of a single <a href="/wiki/Hue" title="Hue">hue</a></li> <li>Multicoloured: variegated yarn with two or more distinct hues (a "parrot colourway" might have green, yellow and red)</li> <li>Self-striping: yarn dyed with lengths of colour that will automatically create stripes in a knitted or crocheted object</li> <li>Marled: yarn made from strands of different-coloured yarn twisted together, sometimes in closely related hues</li></ul> <p>Each of these different colours and styles are achieved through a process called yarn dyeing. There are many different methods of yarn dyeing: package dyeing, skein dyeing, space dyeing, warp beam dyeing, and more.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Package Dyeing: This is the most commonly used method. This is when yarn is already spun up in bulk and then lowered into a chamber filled with dye. When the yarn is done absorbing the dye, it is removed from the cylindrical chamber to dry.</li> <li>Skein Dyeing: This is the process of when yarn is laid loosely in skeins or hanks. They are then laid on top of a bar and submerged into what is called a dyebath.</li> <li>Space Dyeing: This method is used to achieve the multi-colored effect. This method is achieved by taking sections of yarn and dipping them into different colours. After dipping one section into a colour, a chemical called <a href="/wiki/Mordant" title="Mordant">mordant</a> is used to permanently keep that color on the yarn so that the next color will not bleed into the prior color.</li> <li>Warp Beam Dyeing: This is a larger version of package dyeing; however, it is only used in the manufacture of woven fabrics.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yarn_weight_comparison_with_variegated_colours.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Yarn_weight_comparison_with_variegated_colours.jpg/250px-Yarn_weight_comparison_with_variegated_colours.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Yarn_weight_comparison_with_variegated_colours.jpg/330px-Yarn_weight_comparison_with_variegated_colours.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Yarn_weight_comparison_with_variegated_colours.jpg/500px-Yarn_weight_comparison_with_variegated_colours.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>A comparison of yarn weights (thicknesses): the top skein is aran weight, suitable for knitting a thick sweater or hat. The manufacturer's recommended knitting <a href="/wiki/Gauge_(knitting)" title="Gauge (knitting)">gauge</a> appears on the label: 5 to 7 stitches per inch using size 4.5 to 5.1 mm needles. The bottom skein is sock weight, specifically for knitting socks. Recommended gauge: 8 to 10 stitches per inch, using size 3.6 to 4.2 mm needles.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Spool_of_white_thread.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Spool_of_white_thread.jpg/220px-Spool_of_white_thread.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Spool_of_white_thread.jpg/330px-Spool_of_white_thread.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Spool_of_white_thread.jpg/440px-Spool_of_white_thread.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Spool of all purpose sewing thread. Closeup shows texture of 2-ply, Z-twist, mercerized cotton with polyester core.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Conner-prairie-yarn-drying.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Conner-prairie-yarn-drying.jpg/220px-Conner-prairie-yarn-drying.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Conner-prairie-yarn-drying.jpg/330px-Conner-prairie-yarn-drying.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Conner-prairie-yarn-drying.jpg/440px-Conner-prairie-yarn-drying.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1797" /></a><figcaption>Yarn drying after being dyed in the early American tradition, at <a href="/wiki/Conner_Prairie" title="Conner Prairie">Conner Prairie</a> living history museum</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weight">Weight</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Weight"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Yarn_weight" title="Yarn weight">Yarn weight</a></div> <p>Yarn quantities for handcrafts are usually measured and sold by weight in <a href="/wiki/Ounce" title="Ounce">ounces</a> (oz) or <a href="/wiki/Gram" title="Gram">grams</a> (g). Common sizes include 25g, 50g, and 100g skeins. Some companies also primarily measure in ounces with common sizes being three-ounce, four-ounce, six-ounce, and eight-ounce skeins. Textile measurements are taken at a standard temperature and <a href="/wiki/Humidity" title="Humidity">humidity</a> because variations in heat and humidity can cause fibers to absorb different amounts of moisture from the air, thus increasing the measured weight of the yarn without adding any fiber material. The actual length of the yarn contained in a ball or skein can vary due to the inherent heaviness of the fibre and the thickness of the strand; for instance, a 50 g skein of lace weight mohair may contain several hundred metres, while a 50 g skein of bulky wool may contain only 60 metres. </p><p>Craft yarn comes in several thicknesses or weights. This is not to be confused with the measurement and weight listed above. The Craft Yarn Council of America promotes a standardized industry system for measuring yarn weight, where weights are numbered from 0 (finest) to 7 (thickest).<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each weight can be described by a number and name: Size 0 yarn is called Lace, size 1 is Super Fine, size 2 is Fine, size 3 is Light, size 4 is Medium, size 5 is Bulky, size 6 is Super Bulky, and size 7 is Jumbo.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Each weight also has several commonly used but unregulated terms associated with it. However, this naming convention is more descriptive than precise; fibre artists disagree about where on the continuum each lies, and the precise relationships between the sizes. These terms include: fingering, sport, double-knit (or DK), <a href="/wiki/Worsted" title="Worsted">worsted</a>, aran (or heavy worsted), bulky, super-bulky, and roving.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another measurement of yarn weight, often used by weavers, is wraps per inch (WPI). The yarn is wrapped snugly around a ruler and the number of wraps that fit in an inch are counted. </p><p>Labels on yarn for handicrafts often include information on <a href="/wiki/Gauge_(knitting)" title="Gauge (knitting)">gauge</a>, which can also help determine yarn weight. Gauge, known in the UK as tension, is a measurement of how many stitches and rows are produced per inch or per cm on a specified size of knitting needle or crochet hook. The proposed standardization uses a four-by-four inch/ten-by-ten cm knitted stockinette or single crocheted square, with the resultant number of stitches across and rows high made by the suggested tools on the label to determine the gauge. </p><p>In Europe, textile engineers often use the unit <a href="/wiki/Tex_(unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tex (unit)">tex</a>, which is the weight in grams of a kilometre of yarn, or decitex, which is a finer measurement corresponding to the weight in grams of 10 km of yarn. Many other units have been used over time by different industries. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yarn_skeins">Yarn skeins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Yarn skeins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are many different ways in which yarn is wound, including hanks, skeins, donut balls, cakes, and cones. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hank">Hank</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Hank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A hank<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of yarn is a looped bundle of yarn,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> similar to how wire is typically sold. The yarn is usually tied in two places directly opposite each other to keep the loops together and to keep them from tangling. Hanks are a preferred method of fastening yarn for many yarn sellers and yarn-dyers due to its ability to more widely display the qualities of the fiber.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is often wound using a <a href="/wiki/Swift_(textiles)" title="Swift (textiles)">swift</a>, a standing contraption that holds a yarn hank without obstruction and spins on a central axis to facilitate yarn ball winding<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are two subtypes of hanks: twisted and folded. A twisted hank is a hank that has been twisted into a rope braid. A folded hank is a hank that has been folded in half and wrapped in a label for retail purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Skein">Skein</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Skein"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Skeins are one of the most common types of yarn ball. Although skeins are technically described as yarn that has been wound into an oblong shape, the word "skein" is used generically to describe any ball of yarn.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_34-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many large-scale yarn retailers like <a href="/wiki/Lion_Brand_Yarns" title="Lion Brand Yarns">Lion brand</a> and parent companies like Yarnspirations sell their yarn in skeins. Unlike other types of yarn balls, a skein allows you to access both ends of the yarn.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_34-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The yarn end in the inside of the skein is called a center pull.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_34-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One major complaint of center pull bullet skeins is that the inside yarn end is not easily found, and often is pulled out of the skein in a jumble of tangled yarn called "yarn barf". There are two types of skeins: a pull skein, which is more rectangular in shape, and a bullet skein, which is rounder.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_34-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Microscopic_aspect_of_selected_yarns">Microscopic aspect of selected yarns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Microscopic aspect of selected yarns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Below are the images taken by a digital USB microscope. These show how the yarn looks in different kinds of clothes when magnified. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Woolen_Shawl.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Woolen shawl"><img alt="Woolen shawl" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Woolen_Shawl.jpg/90px-Woolen_Shawl.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Woolen_Shawl.jpg/135px-Woolen_Shawl.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Woolen_Shawl.jpg/180px-Woolen_Shawl.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3120" data-file-height="4160" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Woolen shawl</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fabric_under_microscope_3(Shawl).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Woolen shawl under microscope"><img alt="Woolen shawl under microscope" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Fabric_under_microscope_3%28Shawl%29.jpg/120px-Fabric_under_microscope_3%28Shawl%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Fabric_under_microscope_3%28Shawl%29.jpg/250px-Fabric_under_microscope_3%28Shawl%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Woolen shawl under microscope</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cloth_Pencil_Box.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cloth pencil box"><img alt="Cloth pencil box" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Cloth_Pencil_Box.jpg/120px-Cloth_Pencil_Box.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Cloth_Pencil_Box.jpg/180px-Cloth_Pencil_Box.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Cloth_Pencil_Box.jpg/240px-Cloth_Pencil_Box.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="3120" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cloth pencil box</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fabric_under_microscope_2_(Cloth_pencil_box).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cloth pencil box under microscope"><img alt="Cloth pencil box under microscope" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Fabric_under_microscope_2_%28Cloth_pencil_box%29.jpg/120px-Fabric_under_microscope_2_%28Cloth_pencil_box%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Fabric_under_microscope_2_%28Cloth_pencil_box%29.jpg/250px-Fabric_under_microscope_2_%28Cloth_pencil_box%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cloth pencil box under microscope</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeans1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jeans"><img alt="Jeans" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Jeans1.jpg/120px-Jeans1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Jeans1.jpg/180px-Jeans1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Jeans1.jpg/240px-Jeans1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="3120" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Jeans</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fabric_under_microscope_4_(Jeans).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jeans under microscope"><img alt="Jeans under microscope" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Fabric_under_microscope_4_%28Jeans%29.jpg/120px-Fabric_under_microscope_4_%28Jeans%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Fabric_under_microscope_4_%28Jeans%29.jpg/250px-Fabric_under_microscope_4_%28Jeans%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Jeans under microscope</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sweatshirt.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sweatshirt"><img alt="Sweatshirt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Sweatshirt.jpg/120px-Sweatshirt.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Sweatshirt.jpg/250px-Sweatshirt.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sweatshirt</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fabric_under_microscope_1_(Track_Pants).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sweatshirt under microscope"><img alt="Sweatshirt under microscope" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fabric_under_microscope_1_%28Track_Pants%29.jpg/120px-Fabric_under_microscope_1_%28Track_Pants%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fabric_under_microscope_1_%28Track_Pants%29.jpg/180px-Fabric_under_microscope_1_%28Track_Pants%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fabric_under_microscope_1_%28Track_Pants%29.jpg/240px-Fabric_under_microscope_1_%28Track_Pants%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sweatshirt under microscope</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crochet_thread" title="Crochet thread">Crochet thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dye_lot" title="Dye lot">Dye lot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrically_conducting_yarn" title="Electrically conducting yarn">Electrically conducting yarn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery_thread" title="Embroidery thread">Embroidery thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microfiber" title="Microfiber">Microfiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_2" title="ISO 2">ISO 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_novelty_yarns" class="mw-redirect" title="List of novelty yarns">List of novelty yarns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_yarns_for_crochet_and_knitting" title="List of yarns for crochet and knitting">List of yarns for crochet and knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thread_(yarn)" title="Thread (yarn)">Thread (yarn)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_manufacturing" title="Textile manufacturing">Textile manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarn_bombing" title="Yarn bombing">Yarn bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarn_conditioning" title="Yarn conditioning">Yarn conditioning</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yarn&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-definition-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-definition_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-definition_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/yarn">"Yarn"</a>. <i>Merriam-Webster</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120507191854/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/yarn">Archived</a> from the original on 2012-05-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-05-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Yarn&rft.btitle=Merriam-Webster&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fyarn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYarn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kadolph, Sara J., ed. (2007) <i>Textiles</i>, 10th edition, Pearson/Prentice-Hall. p. 203. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-13-118769-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-13-118769-4">0-13-118769-4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBay1980" class="citation journal cs1">Bay, Ann (September 1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/spinning_yarns/atz_spinningyarns_sep1980.pdf">"Spinning Yarns, Telling Tales about Textiles"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Art to Zoo</i>. 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Advameg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070616053622/http://www.madehow.com/Volume-3/Yarn.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2007-06-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-06-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+yarn+is+made&rft.pub=Advameg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madehow.com%2FVolume-3%2FYarn.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYarn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-postrel-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-postrel_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPostrel2020" class="citation book cs1">Postrel, Virginia (2020). <i>The Fabric of Civilization: How Textiles Made the World</i>. New York: Basic Books. p. 58. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781541617629" title="Special:BookSources/9781541617629"><bdi>9781541617629</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Fabric+of+Civilization%3A+How+Textiles+Made+the+World&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=58&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9781541617629&rft.aulast=Postrel&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYarn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJohnsonCohenSarkar2015" class="citation book cs1">Johnson, Ingrid; Cohen, Allen C.; Sarkar, Ajoy K. (2015-09-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XR4mCgAAQBAJ&q=%22linen%22+used+to+make+yarn&pg=PA70"><i>J.J. Pizzuto's Fabric Science: Studio Access Card</i></a>. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781628926583" title="Special:BookSources/9781628926583"><bdi>9781628926583</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=J.J.+Pizzuto%27s+Fabric+Science%3A+Studio+Access+Card&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing+USA&rft.date=2015-09-24&rft.isbn=9781628926583&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Ingrid&rft.au=Cohen%2C+Allen+C.&rft.au=Sarkar%2C+Ajoy+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXR4mCgAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522linen%2522%2Bused%2Bto%2Bmake%2Byarn%26pg%3DPA70&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYarn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJuracek2000" class="citation book cs1">Juracek, Judy A. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=llOi2BeViCwC&q=%22cotton%22+used+to+make+yarn&pg=PA311"><i>Soft Surfaces: Visual Research for Artists, Architects, and Designers</i></a>. W. W. Norton & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780393730333" title="Special:BookSources/9780393730333"><bdi>9780393730333</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Soft+Surfaces%3A+Visual+Research+for+Artists%2C+Architects%2C+and+Designers&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9780393730333&rft.aulast=Juracek&rft.aufirst=Judy+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DllOi2BeViCwC%26q%3D%2522cotton%2522%2Bused%2Bto%2Bmake%2Byarn%26pg%3DPA311&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYarn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vikki-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vikki_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vikki_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHaffendenPatmore2019" class="citation book cs1">Haffenden, Vikki; Patmore, Frederica (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qbW1DwAAQBAJ"><i>The Knitting Book: Over 250 Step-by-Step Techniques</i></a>. New York: DK Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781465482402" title="Special:BookSources/9781465482402"><bdi>9781465482402</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Knitting+Book%3A+Over+250+Step-by-Step+Techniques&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=DK+Publishing&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9781465482402&rft.aulast=Haffenden&rft.aufirst=Vikki&rft.au=Patmore%2C+Frederica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqbW1DwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYarn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-doyle-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-doyle_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDoylePrestonMcGregorHynd2021" class="citation journal cs1">Doyle, EK; Preston, JWV; McGregor, BA; Hynd, PI (May 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8127695">"The science behind the wool industry. 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"Why Clothes Don't Fall Apart: Tension Transmission in Staple Yarns". <i><a href="/wiki/Physical_Review_Letters" title="Physical Review Letters">Physical Review Letters</a></i>. <b>120</b> (15): 158001. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.07606">1804.07606</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018PhRvL.120o8001W">2018PhRvL.120o8001W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.120.158001">10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.158001</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29756870">29756870</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:21727156">21727156</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review+Letters&rft.atitle=Why+Clothes+Don%27t+Fall+Apart%3A+Tension+Transmission+in+Staple+Yarns&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=15&rft.pages=158001&rft.date=2018-04-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A21727156%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2018PhRvL.120o8001W&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1804.07606&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29756870&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.120.158001&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Patrick+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYarn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAmerican_Home_Economics_Association._Textiles_and_Clothing_Section1970" class="citation book cs1">American Home Economics Association. Textiles and Clothing Section (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/textilehandbook00amer"><i>Textile handbook</i></a>. Internet Archive. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-10-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Textile+News%2C+Apparel+News%2C+RMG+News%2C+Fashion+Trends&rft.atitle=Moisture+mobility+in+textured+yarns+and+fabrics&rft.date=2013-12-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.textiletoday.com.bd%2Fmoisture-mobility-in-textured-yarns-and-fabrics%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYarn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKiron2013" class="citation web cs1">Kiron, Mazharul Islam (2013-01-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://textilelearner.net/flow-chart-of-yarn-dyeing/">"Flow Chart of Yarn Dyeing | Methods of Yarn Dyeing"</a>. <i>Textile Learner</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Textile+Learner&rft.atitle=Flow+Chart+of+Yarn+Dyeing+%7C+Methods+of+Yarn+Dyeing&rft.date=2013-01-28&rft.aulast=Kiron&rft.aufirst=Mazharul+Islam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftextilelearner.net%2Fflow-chart-of-yarn-dyeing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYarn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKiron2013" class="citation web cs1">Kiron, Mazharul Islam (2013-01-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://textilelearner.net/flow-chart-of-yarn-dyeing/">"Flow Chart of Yarn Dyeing | Methods of Yarn Dyeing"</a>. <i>Textile Learner</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Textile+Learner&rft.atitle=Flow+Chart+of+Yarn+Dyeing+%7C+Methods+of+Yarn+Dyeing&rft.date=2013-01-28&rft.aulast=Kiron&rft.aufirst=Mazharul+Islam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftextilelearner.net%2Fflow-chart-of-yarn-dyeing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYarn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yarnstandards.com/weight.html">"Standards and Guidelines for Crochet and Knitting – Welcome to the Craft Yarn Council"</a>. <i>www.yarnstandards.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070418162310/http://www.yarnstandards.com/weight.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2007-04-18.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.yarnstandards.com&rft.atitle=Standards+and+Guidelines+for+Crochet+and+Knitting+%E2%80%93+Welcome+to+the+Craft+Yarn+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yarnstandards.com%2Fweight.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYarn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.craftyarncouncil.com/standards/yarn-weight-system">"Standard Yarn Weight System | Welcome to the Craft Yarn Council"</a>. <i>www.craftyarncouncil.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-10-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.craftyarncouncil.com&rft.atitle=Standard+Yarn+Weight+System+%7C+Welcome+to+the+Craft+Yarn+Council&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.craftyarncouncil.com%2Fstandards%2Fyarn-weight-system&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYarn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hank">"Definition of HANK"</a>. <i>www.merriam-webster.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-10-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.merriam-webster.com&rft.atitle=Definition+of+HANK&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fhank&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYarn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_34-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_34-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_34-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_34-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_34-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211003224148/https://www.interweave.com/article/knitting/lisas-list-yarn-ball-types/">"Lisa's List: 12 Yarn Ball Types and How to Knit with Them"</a>. <i>Interweave</i>. 2017-02-23. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.interweave.com/article/knitting/lisas-list-yarn-ball-types/">the original</a> on 2021-10-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-10-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Interweave&rft.atitle=Lisa%27s+List%3A+12+Yarn+Ball+Types+and+How+to+Knit+with+Them&rft.date=2017-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.interweave.com%2Farticle%2Fknitting%2Flisas-list-yarn-ball-types%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYarn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.interweave.com/wp-content/uploads/Hand_Weaving_Supplies2.pdf">"Hand Weaving Supplies from Weaving Today"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Handwoven</i>. 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crochet_hook" title="Crochet hook">Crochet hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cro-hook" title="Cro-hook">Cro-hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook_gauge" title="Hook gauge">Hook gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_yarns_for_crochet_and_knitting" title="List of yarns for crochet and knitting">List of yarns for crochet and knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scissors" title="Scissors">Scissors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stitch_marker_(crochet)" title="Stitch marker (crochet)">Stitch marker</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crochet_sweden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Crochet_sweden.jpg/250px-Crochet_sweden.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Crochet_sweden.jpg/330px-Crochet_sweden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Crochet_sweden.jpg/500px-Crochet_sweden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="388" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Techniques<br /> and motifs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bead_crochet" title="Bead crochet">Bead crochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blocking_(textile_arts)" title="Blocking (textile arts)">Blocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gauge_(knitting)" title="Gauge (knitting)">Gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granny_square" title="Granny square">Granny square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_crochet_stitches" title="List of crochet stitches">List of crochet stitches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_stitch" title="Shell stitch">Shell stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapestry_crochet" title="Tapestry crochet">Tapestry crochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_crochet" title="Tunisian crochet">Tunisian crochet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Items</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amigurumi" title="Amigurumi">Amigurumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noken" title="Noken">Noken or Bilum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doily" title="Doily">Doily</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crocheted lace</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broomstick_lace" title="Broomstick lace">Broomstick lace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocheted_lace" title="Crocheted lace">Crocheted lace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filet_crochet" title="Filet crochet">Filet crochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairpin_lace" title="Hairpin lace">Hairpin lace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_lace" title="Irish lace">Irish crochet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crochet_thread" title="Crochet thread">Crochet thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dye_lot" title="Dye lot">Dye lot</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yarn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Embroidery314" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Embroidery" title="Template:Embroidery"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Embroidery" title="Template talk:Embroidery"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Embroidery" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Embroidery"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Embroidery314" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Embroidery" title="Embroidery">Embroidery</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assisi_embroidery" title="Assisi embroidery">Assisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bargello_(needlework)" title="Bargello (needlework)">Bargello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_wool_work" title="Berlin wool work">Berlin work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackwork" title="Blackwork">Blackwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broderie_anglaise" title="Broderie anglaise">Broderie anglaise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broderie_perse" title="Broderie perse">Broderie perse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candlewicking" title="Candlewicking">Candlewicking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_embroidery" title="Clare embroidery">Clare embroidery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counted-thread_embroidery" title="Counted-thread embroidery">Counted-thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crewel_embroidery" title="Crewel embroidery">Crewel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-stitch" title="Cross-stitch">Cross-stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cutwork" title="Cutwork">Cutwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darning" title="Darning">Darning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drawn_thread_work" title="Drawn thread work">Drawn thread work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldwork_(embroidery)" title="Goldwork (embroidery)">Goldwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardanger_embroidery" title="Hardanger embroidery">Hardanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedebo_embroidery" title="Hedebo embroidery">Hedebo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_embroidery" title="Machine embroidery">Machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlepoint" title="Needlepoint">Needlepoint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quillwork" title="Quillwork">Quillwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smocking" title="Smocking">Smocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stumpwork" title="Stumpwork">Stumpwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_embroidery" title="Surface embroidery">Surface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzani_(textile)" title="Suzani (textile)">Suzani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitework_embroidery" title="Whitework embroidery">Whitework</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Odo_bayeux_tapestry_detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Odo_bayeux_tapestry_detail.jpg/120px-Odo_bayeux_tapestry_detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Odo_bayeux_tapestry_detail.jpg/250px-Odo_bayeux_tapestry_detail.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="353" data-file-height="893" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sampler_by_Elizabeth_Laidman_1760_detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Sampler_by_Elizabeth_Laidman_1760_detail.jpg/85px-Sampler_by_Elizabeth_Laidman_1760_detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Sampler_by_Elizabeth_Laidman_1760_detail.jpg/128px-Sampler_by_Elizabeth_Laidman_1760_detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Sampler_by_Elizabeth_Laidman_1760_detail.jpg/170px-Sampler_by_Elizabeth_Laidman_1760_detail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="353" data-file-height="268" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kaitag.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/47/Kaitag.jpg/120px-Kaitag.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/47/Kaitag.jpg/250px-Kaitag.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="299" data-file-height="649" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stitches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backstitch" title="Backstitch">Backstitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanket_stitch" title="Blanket stitch">Blanket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Box_stitch" class="mw-redirect" title="Box stitch">Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buttonhole_stitch" title="Buttonhole stitch">Buttonhole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chain_stitch" title="Chain stitch">Chain stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Couching" title="Couching">Couching and laid work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_stitches" title="Cross stitches">Cross stitches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery_stitch" title="Embroidery stitch">Embroidery stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Featherstitch" title="Featherstitch">Featherstitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holbein_stitch" title="Holbein stitch">Holbein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parisian_stitch" title="Parisian stitch">Parisian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Running_stitch" class="mw-redirect" title="Running stitch">Running</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satin_stitch" title="Satin stitch">Satin stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sashiko_stitching" class="mw-redirect" title="Sashiko stitching">Sashiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shisha_(embroidery)" title="Shisha (embroidery)">Shisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_stitch" title="Straight stitch">Straight stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tent_stitch" title="Tent stitch">Tent stitch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tools and materials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aida_cloth" title="Aida cloth">Aida cloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery_hoop" class="mw-redirect" title="Embroidery hoop">Embroidery hoop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery_thread" title="Embroidery thread">Embroidery thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Even-weave" class="mw-redirect" title="Even-weave">Evenweave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perforated_paper" title="Perforated paper">Perforated paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plainweave" title="Plainweave">Plainweave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_canvas" title="Plastic canvas">Plastic canvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampler_(needlework)" title="Sampler (needlework)">Sampler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_(needlework)" title="Slip (needlework)">Slip</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yarn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>and historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_needlework" title="Art needlework">Art needlework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_needlework" title="Balochi needlework">Balochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_embroidery" title="Brazilian embroidery">Brazilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunka_shishu" title="Bunka shishu">Bunka shishu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaga" title="Kalaga">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chikan_(embroidery)" title="Chikan (embroidery)">Chikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_embroidery" title="Chinese embroidery">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_embroidery" title="Cantonese embroidery">Cantonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan_embroidery" title="Sichuan embroidery">Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzhou_embroidery" title="Suzhou embroidery">Suzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiang_embroidery" title="Xiang embroidery">Xiang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_embroidery" title="English embroidery">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery_of_India" title="Embroidery of India">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_embroidery" title="Islamic embroidery">Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobean_embroidery" title="Jacobean embroidery">Jacobean</a></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Sashiko" title="Sashiko">Sashiko</a></i></span> <ul><li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Kogin-zashi" title="Kogin-zashi">Kogin-zashi</a></i></span></li></ul></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Bunka_shishu" title="Bunka shishu">Bunka shishu</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaitag_textiles" title="Kaitag textiles">Kaitag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kantha" title="Kantha">Kantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasuti" title="Kasuti">Kasuti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_embroidery" title="Korean embroidery">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_embroidery" title="Macedonian embroidery">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountmellick_embroidery" title="Mountmellick embroidery">Mountmellick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakshi_kantha" title="Nakshi kantha">Nakshi kantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_embroidery" title="Persian embroidery">Persian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rasht_embroidery" title="Rasht embroidery">Rasht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermeh_embroidery" title="Sermeh embroidery">Sermeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistan_embroidery" title="Sistan embroidery">Sistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zardozi" title="Zardozi">Zardozi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opus_Anglicanum" title="Opus Anglicanum">Opus Anglicanum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rushnyk" title="Rushnyk">Rushnyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewed_muslin" title="Sewed muslin">Sewed muslin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_embroidery" title="Ukrainian embroidery">Ukrainian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_embroidery" title="Vietnamese embroidery">Vietnamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyshyvanka" title="Vyshyvanka">Vyshyvanka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Embroideries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Butler-Bowden_Cope" class="mw-redirect" title="Butler-Bowden Cope">Butler-Bowden Cope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayeux_Tapestry" title="Bayeux Tapestry">Bayeux Tapestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradford_carpet" title="Bradford carpet">Bradford carpet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Tapestry_of_Scotland" title="Great Tapestry of Scotland">Great Tapestry of Scotland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Tapestry_of_Scotland:_People%27s_Panel" title="Great Tapestry of Scotland: People's Panel">Great Tapestry of Scotland: People's Panel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastings_Embroidery" title="Hastings Embroidery">Hastings Embroidery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hestia_Tapestry" title="Hestia Tapestry">Hestia tapestry</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Magna_Carta_(An_Embroidery)" title="Magna Carta (An Embroidery)">Magna Carta (An Embroidery)</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Layton%27s_embroidered_jacket" title="Margaret Layton's embroidered jacket">Margaret Layton's jacket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_Tapestry" title="New World Tapestry">New World Tapestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overlord_Embroidery" title="Overlord Embroidery">Overlord Embroidery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxburgh_Hangings" title="Oxburgh Hangings">Oxburgh Hangings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prestonpans_Tapestry" title="Prestonpans Tapestry">Prestonpans Tapestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaker_Tapestry" title="Quaker Tapestry">Quaker Tapestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Diaspora_Tapestry" title="Scottish Diaspora Tapestry">Scottish Diaspora Tapestry</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fragments_of_a_Cope_with_the_Seven_Sacraments" title="Fragments of a Cope with the Seven Sacraments">Fragments of a Cope with the Seven Sacraments</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Designers<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>and embroiderers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emilie_Bach" title="Emilie Bach">Emilie Bach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Conrad" title="Leon Conrad">Leon Conrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beryl_Dean" title="Beryl Dean">Beryl Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahin_Ebrahimzadeh-Pezeshki" title="Shahin Ebrahimzadeh-Pezeshki">Shahin Ebrahimzadeh-Pezeshki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaffe_Fassett" title="Kaffe Fassett">Kaffe Fassett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juanita_Growing_Thunder_Fogarty" title="Juanita Growing Thunder Fogarty">Juanita Growing Thunder Fogarty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constance_Howard_(artist)" title="Constance Howard (artist)">Constance Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Leavitt-Imblum" title="Marilyn Leavitt-Imblum">Marilyn Leavitt-Imblum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Lesage" title="François Lesage">François Lesage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Macbeth" title="Ann Macbeth">Ann Macbeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_Morris" title="May Morris">May Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessie_Newbery" title="Jessie Newbery">Jessie Newbery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahtab_Norouzi" title="Mahtab Norouzi">Mahtab Norouzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetiana_Protcheva" title="Tetiana Protcheva">Tetiana Protcheva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Germain_de_Saint_Aubin" title="Charles Germain de Saint Aubin">Charles Germain de Saint Aubin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Elizabeth_Turner" title="Mary Elizabeth Turner">Mary Elizabeth Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitri_Vlachos_-_Castano" title="Dimitri Vlachos - Castano">Dimitri Vlachos - Castano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Whyte" title="Kathleen Whyte">Kathleen Whyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erica_Wilson" title="Erica Wilson">Erica Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lily_Yeats" title="Lily Yeats">Lily Yeats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>and museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embroiderers%27_Guild" title="Embroiderers' Guild">Embroiderers' Guild (UK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroiderers%27_Guild_of_America" title="Embroiderers' Guild of America">Embroiderers' Guild of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery_Software_Protection_Coalition" title="Embroidery Software Protection Coalition">Embroidery Software Protection Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlework_Development_Scheme" title="Needlework Development Scheme">Needlework Development Scheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_School_of_Needlework" title="Royal School of Needlework">Royal School of Needlework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wemyss_School_of_Needlework" title="Wemyss School of Needlework">Wemyss School of Needlework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chung_Young_Yang_Embroidery_Museum" title="Chung Young Yang Embroidery Museum">Chung Young Yang Embroidery Museum </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Sang_Soo_Embroidery_Museum" title="Han Sang Soo Embroidery Museum">Han Sang Soo Embroidery Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appliqu%C3%A9" title="Appliqué">Appliqué</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crochet" title="Crochet">Crochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitting" title="Knitting">Knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lace" title="Lace">Lace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlework" title="Needlework">Needlework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quilting" title="Quilting">Quilting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Knitting151" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Knitting" title="Template:Knitting"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Knitting" title="Template talk:Knitting"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Knitting" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Knitting"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Knitting151" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Knitting" title="Knitting">Knitting</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tools and materials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Knitting_needle" title="Knitting needle">Knitting needle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitting_needle_cap" title="Knitting needle cap">Knitting needle cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook_gauge" title="Hook gauge">Needle gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_yarns_for_crochet_and_knitting" title="List of yarns for crochet and knitting">List of yarns for crochet and knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Row_counter_(hand_knitting)" title="Row counter (hand knitting)">Row counter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stitch_holder" title="Stitch holder">Stitch holder</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="11" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Detailed_close_up_of_multi-coloured_knitting_stitches.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Detailed_close_up_of_multi-coloured_knitting_stitches.jpg/120px-Detailed_close_up_of_multi-coloured_knitting_stitches.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Detailed_close_up_of_multi-coloured_knitting_stitches.jpg/150px-Detailed_close_up_of_multi-coloured_knitting_stitches.jpg 2x" data-file-width="209" data-file-height="483" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yarn</a> styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boucl%C3%A9" title="Bouclé">Bouclé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eyelash_yarn" title="Eyelash yarn">Eyelash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lopi_(knitting)" title="Lopi (knitting)">Lopi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novelty_yarns" title="Novelty yarns">Novelty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variegated_yarn" title="Variegated yarn">Variegated</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yarn brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coats_Group" title="Coats Group">Coats Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisaku_Noro_Company" title="Eisaku Noro Company">Eisaku Noro Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraemer_Textiles_Inc." title="Kraemer Textiles Inc.">Kraemer Yarns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lion_Brand_Yarns" title="Lion Brand Yarns">Lion Brand Yarns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patons_and_Baldwins" title="Patons and Baldwins">Patons and Baldwins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circular_knitting" title="Circular knitting">Circular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combined_knitting" title="Combined knitting">Combined</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_knitting" title="Continental knitting">Continental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_knitting" title="English knitting">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_knitting" title="Flat knitting">Flat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_knitting" title="Norwegian knitting">Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warp_knitting" title="Warp knitting">Warp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stitches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basic_knitted_fabrics#Stockinette/stocking_stitch_and_reverse_stockinette_stitch" title="Basic knitted fabrics">Stockinette/Stocking stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basic_knitted_fabrics#Garter_stitch" title="Basic knitted fabrics">Garter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decrease_(knitting)" title="Decrease (knitting)">Decrease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dip_stitch" title="Dip stitch">Dip stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elongated_stitch" title="Elongated stitch">Elongated stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Increase_(knitting)" title="Increase (knitting)">Increase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loop_knitting" title="Loop knitting">Loop knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twisted_stitch" title="Twisted stitch">Twisted stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarn_over" title="Yarn over">Yarn over</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Techniques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arm_knitting" title="Arm knitting">Arm knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basketweave_(knitting)" title="Basketweave (knitting)">Basketweave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bead_knitting" title="Bead knitting">Bead knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bias_knitting" title="Bias knitting">Bias knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binding_off" title="Binding off">Binding/Casting off</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobble_(knitting)" title="Bobble (knitting)">Bobble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brioche_knitting" title="Brioche knitting">Brioche knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buttonhole_(knitting)" title="Buttonhole (knitting)">Buttonhole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_knitting" title="Cable knitting">Cables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casting_on_(knitting)" title="Casting on (knitting)">Casting on</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_knitting" title="Double knitting">Double knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drop-stitch_knitting" title="Drop-stitch knitting">Drop-stitch knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entrelac" title="Entrelac">Entrelac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faggoting_(knitting)" class="mw-redirect" title="Faggoting (knitting)">Faggoting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finger_knitting" title="Finger knitting">Finger knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gather_(knitting)" title="Gather (knitting)">Gather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gauge_(knitting)" title="Gauge (knitting)">Gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafting_(knitting)" title="Grafting (knitting)">Grafting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_knitting" title="Hand knitting">Hand knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hem_(knitting)" title="Hem (knitting)">Hemming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illusion_knitting" title="Illusion knitting">Illusion knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lace_knitting" title="Lace knitting">Lace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medallion_knitting" title="Medallion knitting">Medallion knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pick_up_stitches_(knitting)" title="Pick up stitches (knitting)">Picking up stitches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleat_(knitting)" title="Pleat (knitting)">Pleat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribbing_(knitting)" title="Ribbing (knitting)">Ribbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roositud" title="Roositud">Roositud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_row_(knitting)" title="Short row (knitting)">Short row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip-stitch_knitting" title="Slip-stitch knitting">Slip-stitch knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spool_knitting" title="Spool knitting">Spool knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steek" title="Steek">Steek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_needle_bindoff" title="Three needle bindoff">Three needle bindoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrumming_(textiles)" title="Thrumming (textiles)">Thrumming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuck_(knitting)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuck (knitting)">Tuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twined_knitting" title="Twined knitting">Twined</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weaving_(knitting)" title="Weaving (knitting)">Weaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welting_(knitting)" title="Welting (knitting)">Welting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Patterns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aran_jumper" title="Aran jumper">Aran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argyle_(pattern)" title="Argyle (pattern)">Argyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_Isle_(technique)" title="Fair Isle (technique)">Fair Isle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intarsia_(knitting)" title="Intarsia (knitting)">Intarsia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Machine knitting</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Complete_garment_knitting" title="Complete garment knitting">Complete garment knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fully_fashioned_knitting" title="Fully fashioned knitting">Fully fashioned knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitting_machine" title="Knitting machine">Knitting machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitting_Nancy" class="mw-redirect" title="Knitting Nancy">Knitting Nancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stocking_frame" title="Stocking frame">Stocking frame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lee_(inventor)" title="William Lee (inventor)">William Lee (inventor)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Knitters and<br />designers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Barsky" title="Sam Barsky">Sam Barsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicky_Epstein" title="Nicky Epstein">Nicky Epstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaffe_Fassett" title="Kaffe Fassett">Kaffe Fassett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Kinzel" title="Marianne Kinzel">Marianne Kinzel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Lambert_(needleworker)" title="Frances Lambert (needleworker)">Frances Lambert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Niebling" title="Herbert Niebling">Herbert Niebling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shannon_Okey" title="Shannon Okey">Shannon Okey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Pearl-McPhee" title="Stephanie Pearl-McPhee">Stephanie Pearl-McPhee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Starmore" title="Alice Starmore">Alice Starmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Stoller" title="Debbie Stoller">Debbie Stoller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meg_Swansen" title="Meg Swansen">Meg Swansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_G._Walker" title="Barbara G. Walker">Barbara G. Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Zimmermann" title="Elizabeth Zimmermann">Elizabeth Zimmermann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/I_Knit_London" title="I Knit London">I Knit London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitta_Please" title="Knitta Please">Knitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitting_clubs" class="mw-redirect" title="Knitting clubs">Knitting clubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitty" title="Knitty">Knitty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravelry" title="Ravelry">Ravelry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Knitting_Circle" title="Revolutionary Knitting Circle">Revolutionary Knitting Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stitch_%27n_Bitch" title="Stitch 'n Bitch">Stitch 'n Bitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Hand_Knitting_Association" title="UK Hand Knitting Association">UK Hand Knitting Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Knit_in_Public_Day" title="World Wide Knit in Public Day">World Wide Knit in Public Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Knitting_Guild_Association" title="The Knitting Guild Association">The Knitting Guild Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basic_knitted_fabrics" title="Basic knitted fabrics">Basic knitted fabrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blocking_(textile_arts)" title="Blocking (textile arts)">Blocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dye_lot" title="Dye lot">Dye lot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_knitting" title="History of knitting">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitted_fabric" title="Knitted fabric">Knitted fabric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitting_abbreviations" title="Knitting abbreviations">Knitting abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitting_in_literature" title="Knitting in literature">Knitting in literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_knitting_stitches" title="List of knitting stitches">List of knitting stitches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selvage_(knitting)" title="Selvage (knitting)">Selvage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarn_bombing" title="Yarn bombing">Yarn bombing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sewing741" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sewing" title="Template:Sewing"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sewing" title="Template talk:Sewing"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sewing" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sewing"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sewing741" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sewing" title="Sewing">Sewing</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Techniques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tack_(sewing)" title="Tack (sewing)">Basting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cut_(clothing)" title="Cut (clothing)">Cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darning" title="Darning">Darning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ease_(sewing)" title="Ease (sewing)">Ease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embellishment" title="Embellishment">Embellishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabric_tube_turning" title="Fabric tube turning">Fabric tube turning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floating_canvas" title="Floating canvas">Floating canvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gather_(sewing)" title="Gather (sewing)">Gather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godet_(sewing)" title="Godet (sewing)">Godet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gore_(fabrics)" title="Gore (fabrics)">Gore (fabrics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gusset" title="Gusset">Gusset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heirloom_sewing" title="Heirloom sewing">Heirloom sewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleat" title="Pleat">Pleat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirring" title="Shirring">Shirring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stitch_(textile_arts)" title="Stitch (textile arts)">Stitches</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_sewing_stitches" title="List of sewing stitches">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backstitch" title="Backstitch">Backstitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar_tack" title="Bar tack">Bar tack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanket_stitch" title="Blanket stitch">Blanket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blind_stitch" title="Blind stitch">Blind stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buttonhole_stitch" title="Buttonhole stitch">Buttonhole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_stitches" title="Cross stitches">Catch stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chain_stitch" title="Chain stitch">Chain stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coverstitch" title="Coverstitch">Coverstitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-stitch" title="Cross-stitch">Cross-stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery_stitch" title="Embroidery stitch">Embroidery stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemstitch" title="Hemstitch">Hemstitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockstitch" title="Lockstitch">Lockstitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overlock" title="Overlock">Overlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pad_stitch" title="Pad stitch">Pad stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pick_stitch" title="Pick stitch">Pick stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rantering" title="Rantering">Rantering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Running_stitch" class="mw-redirect" title="Running stitch">Running</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sashiko" title="Sashiko">Sashiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoating" title="Stoating">Stoating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tack_(sewing)" title="Tack (sewing)">Tack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topstitch" title="Topstitch">Topstitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zigzag_stitch" title="Zigzag stitch">Zigzag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Seam_(sewing)" title="Seam (sewing)">Seams</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neckline" title="Neckline">Neckline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felled_seam" title="Felled seam">Felled seam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seam_allowance" title="Seam allowance">Seam allowance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Style_line" title="Style line">Style line</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Notions_(sewing)" title="Notions (sewing)">Notions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Trim_(sewing)" title="Trim (sewing)">Trim</a></li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bias_tape" title="Bias tape">Bias tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collar_stay" title="Collar stay">Collar stay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elastic_(notion)" title="Elastic (notion)">Elastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galloon" title="Galloon">Galloon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grommet" title="Grommet">Grommet/eyelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interfacing" title="Interfacing">Interfacing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passementerie" title="Passementerie">Passementerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piping_(sewing)" title="Piping (sewing)">Piping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruffle_(sewing)" title="Ruffle (sewing)">Ruffle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rickrack" title="Rickrack">Rickrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-fabric" title="Self-fabric">Self-fabric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soutache" title="Soutache">Soutache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twill_tape" title="Twill tape">Twill tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrights_(textile_manufacturers)" title="Wrights (textile manufacturers)">Wrights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buckle" title="Buckle">Buckle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Button" title="Button">Button</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buttonhole" title="Buttonhole">Buttonhole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frog_(fastening)" title="Frog (fastening)">Frog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook-and-eye_closure" title="Hook-and-eye closure">Hook-and-eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook-and-loop_fastener" title="Hook-and-loop fastener">Hook-and-loop fastener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shank_(sewing)" title="Shank (sewing)">Shank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snap_fastener" title="Snap fastener">Snap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zipper" title="Zipper">Zipper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Materials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grain_(textile)" title="Grain (textile)">Grain/bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selvage" title="Selvage">Selvage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile" title="Textile">Textile/fabric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thread_(yarn)" title="Thread (yarn)">Thread</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yarn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bobbin" title="Bobbin">Bobbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dress_form" title="Dress form">Dress form</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlecase" title="Needlecase">Needlecase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needle_threader" title="Needle threader">Needle threader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattern_notcher" title="Pattern notcher">Pattern notcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pin" title="Pin">Pin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pincushion" title="Pincushion">Pincushion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinking_shears" title="Pinking shears">Pinking shears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scissors" title="Scissors">Scissors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seam_ripper" title="Seam ripper">Seam ripper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewing_gauge" title="Sewing gauge">Sewing gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewing_needle" title="Sewing needle">Sewing needle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stitching_awl" title="Stitching awl">Stitching awl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tailor%27s_ham" title="Tailor's ham">Tailor's ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tape_measure" title="Tape measure">Tape measure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thimble" title="Thimble">Thimble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracing_paper" title="Tracing paper">Tracing paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracing_wheel" title="Tracing wheel">Tracing wheel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sewing_occupations" title="List of sewing occupations">Trades</a></li><li>Suppliers</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cloth_merchant" title="Cloth merchant">Cloth merchant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draper" title="Draper">Draper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dressmaker" title="Dressmaker">Dressmaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haberdasher" title="Haberdasher">Haberdasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercery" title="Mercery">Mercer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silkwoman" title="Silkwoman">Silkwoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tailor" title="Tailor">Tailor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pattern_(sewing)" title="Pattern (sewing)">Patterns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Butterick_Publishing_Company" title="Butterick Publishing Company">Butterick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burda_Style" title="Burda Style">Burda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothkits" title="Clothkits">Clothkits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCall%27s" title="McCall's">McCall's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simplicity_Pattern" title="Simplicity Pattern">Simplicity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sewing_machines" class="mw-redirect" title="Sewing machines">Machines</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_sewing_machine_brands" title="List of sewing machine brands">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barth%C3%A9lemy_Thimonnier" title="Barthélemy Thimonnier">Barthélemy Thimonnier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernina_International" title="Bernina International">Bernina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brother_Industries" title="Brother Industries">Brother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_Howe" title="Elias Howe">Elias Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elna_(Swiss_company)" title="Elna (Swiss company)">Elna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feiyue_Group" title="Feiyue Group">Feiyue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frister_%26_Rossmann" title="Frister & Rossmann">Frister & Rossmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janome" title="Janome">Janome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jones_Sewing_Machine_Company" title="Jones Sewing Machine Company">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juki" title="Juki">Juki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrow_Sewing_Machine_Company" title="Merrow Sewing Machine Company">Merrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Grout" title="William L. Grout">New Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pfaff" title="Pfaff">Pfaff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewmor" title="Sewmor">Sewmor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singer_Corporation" title="Singer Corporation">Singer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tape_edge_machine" title="Tape edge machine">Tape edge machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VSM_Group" title="VSM Group">Viking/Husqvarna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Sewing_Machine_Company" title="White Sewing Machine Company">White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sewing" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Sewing">Sewing</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emojione_1F458.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/15px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/23px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/30px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Clothing" title="Portal:Clothing">Clothing portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_sewing_terms" title="Glossary of sewing terms">Glossary of terms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Textile_arts205" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Textile_arts" title="Template:Textile arts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Textile_arts" title="Template talk:Textile arts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Textile_arts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Textile arts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Textile_arts205" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Textile_arts" title="Textile arts">Textile arts</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fundamentals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beadwork" title="Beadwork">Beadwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braid" title="Braid">Braid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crochet" title="Crochet">Crochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyeing" title="Dyeing">Dyeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery" title="Embroidery">Embroidery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lace" title="Lace">Lace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macram%C3%A9" title="Macramé">Macramé</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlework" title="Needlework">Needlework</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile" title="Textile">Fabric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felt" title="Felt">Felting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiber" title="Fiber">Fiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitting" title="Knitting">Knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Layered_textiles" title="Template:Layered textiles">Layering</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appliqu%C3%A9" title="Appliqué">Appliqué</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patchwork" title="Patchwork">Patchwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quilting" title="Quilting">Quilting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A5lebinding" title="Nålebinding">Nålebinding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plying" title="Plying">Plying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rope" title="Rope">Rope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rug_making" title="Rug making">Rug making</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewing" title="Sewing">Sewing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Passementerie" title="Passementerie">Passementerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stitch_(textile_arts)" title="Stitch (textile arts)">Stitch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinning_(textiles)" title="Spinning (textiles)">Spinning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_printing" title="Textile printing">Textile printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weaving" title="Weaving">Weaving</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yarn</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alpackaull.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Alpackaull.jpg/110px-Alpackaull.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Alpackaull.jpg/165px-Alpackaull.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Alpackaull.jpg/220px-Alpackaull.jpg 2x" data-file-width="756" data-file-height="567" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History of ...</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles" title="History of clothing and textiles">Clothing and textiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_quilting" title="History of quilting">Quilting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_silk" title="History of silk">Silk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_silk" title="Byzantine silk">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silk_in_the_Indian_subcontinent" title="Silk in the Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_manufacture_during_the_British_Industrial_Revolution" title="Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution">Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_manufacturing_by_pre-industrial_methods" title="Textile manufacturing by pre-industrial methods">Textile manufacturing by pre-industrial methods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_clothing_and_textiles_technology" title="Timeline of clothing and textiles technology">Timeline of clothing and textiles technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional and ethnic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_textiles" title="African textiles">African</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kongo_textiles" title="Kongo textiles">Kongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuba_textiles" title="Kuba textiles">Kuba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_fibrecraft" title="Australian Aboriginal fibrecraft">Australian Aboriginal</a></li> <li>Burmese <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acheik" title="Acheik">Acheik</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hmong_textile_art" title="Hmong textile art">Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_arts_of_the_Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Textile arts of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Indigenous peoples of the Americas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andean_textiles" title="Andean textiles">Andean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapuche_textiles" title="Mapuche textiles">Mapuche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_textiles" title="Maya textiles">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textiles_of_Mexico" title="Textiles of Mexico">Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navajo_weaving" title="Navajo weaving">Navajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textiles_of_Oaxaca" title="Textiles of Oaxaca">Oaxacan</a></li></ul></li> <li>Indonesian <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_textiles" title="Balinese textiles">Balinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textiles_of_Sumba" title="Textiles of Sumba">Sumba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_fabric_arts" title="Korean fabric arts">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_traditional_textiles" title="Māori traditional textiles">Māori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blocking_(textile_arts)" title="Blocking (textile arts)">Blocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothing" title="Clothing">Clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_textiles" title="Conservation and restoration of textiles">Conservation and restoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiber_art" title="Fiber art">Fiber art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wearable_art#Wearable_fiber_art" title="Wearable art">wearable fiber art</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_industry" title="Textile industry">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_manufacturing" title="Textile manufacturing">Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_and_fiber_arts" title="Mathematics and fiber arts">Mathematics and fiber arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_recycling" title="Textile recycling">Recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Units_of_textile_measurement" title="Units of textile measurement">Units of measurement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Glossaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_dyeing_terms" title="Glossary of dyeing terms">Dyeing terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_sewing_terms" title="Glossary of sewing terms">Sewing terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_textile_manufacturing" title="Glossary of textile manufacturing">Textile manufacturing terms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emojione_1F458.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/15px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/23px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/30px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Clothing" title="Portal:Clothing">Clothing portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Weaving97" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Weaving" title="Template:Weaving"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Weaving" title="Template talk:Weaving"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Weaving" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Weaving"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Weaving97" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Weaving" title="Weaving">Weaving</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Weaves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basketweave_(weaving)" title="Basketweave (weaving)">Basketweave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charvet_(fabric)" title="Charvet (fabric)">Charvet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woven_coverlet" title="Woven coverlet">Coverlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobby_(cloth)" title="Dobby (cloth)">Dobby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_cloth" title="Double cloth">Double weave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Even-weave" class="mw-redirect" title="Even-weave">Even-weave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabardine" title="Gabardine">Gabardine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampas" title="Lampas">Lampas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leno_weave" title="Leno weave">Leno weave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_(cloth)" title="Oxford (cloth)">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pile_weave" title="Pile weave">Pile weave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piqu%C3%A9_(weaving)" title="Piqué (weaving)">Piqué</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plain_weave" title="Plain weave">Plain weave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satin" title="Satin">Satin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shot_silk" title="Shot silk">Shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swivel_weave" title="Swivel weave">Swivel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twill" title="Twill">Twill</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Swedish_weaving.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Swedish_weaving.jpg/120px-Swedish_weaving.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Swedish_weaving.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="174" data-file-height="253" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Textile" title="Textile">Textiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warp_and_weft" title="Warp and weft">Warp and weft</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yarn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tools and techniques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barber-Colman_knotter" title="Barber-Colman knotter">Barber-Colman knotter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beamer_(occupation)" title="Beamer (occupation)">Beamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braid" title="Braid">Braid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilkat_weaving" title="Chilkat weaving">Chilkat weaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fingerweaving" title="Fingerweaving">Fingerweaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_shuttle" title="Flying shuttle">Flying shuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heddle" title="Heddle">Heddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikat" title="Ikat">Ikat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inkle_weaving" class="mw-redirect" title="Inkle weaving">Inkle weaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasuri" title="Kasuri">Kasuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loom" title="Loom">Loom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navajo_weaving" title="Navajo weaving">Navajo weaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pibiones" title="Pibiones">Pibiones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed_(weaving)" title="Reed (weaving)"> Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salish_weaving" title="Salish weaving">Salish weaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shed_(weaving)" title="Shed (weaving)">Shed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuttle_(weaving)" title="Shuttle (weaving)">Shuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sizing" title="Sizing">Sizing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Textile_sizing_machine" title="Textile sizing machine">Sizing machine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tablet_weaving" title="Tablet weaving">Tablet weaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talim_(textiles)" title="Talim (textiles)">Talim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C4%81niko" title="Tāniko">Tāniko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapestry" title="Tapestry">Tapestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_(weaving)" title="Temple (weaving)">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wattle_(construction)" title="Wattle (construction)">Wattle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wicker" title="Wicker">Wicker</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Resin_wicker" title="Resin wicker">Resin</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types of <a href="/wiki/Loom" title="Loom">looms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air-jet_loom" title="Air-jet loom">Air-jet loom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandy_loom" title="Dandy loom">Dandy loom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobby_loom" title="Dobby loom">Dobby loom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hattersley_loom" title="Hattersley loom">Hattersley loom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horrocks_loom" title="Horrocks loom">Horrocks loom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacquard_loom" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacquard loom">Jacquard loom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancashire_Loom" title="Lancashire Loom">Lancashire loom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Loom" title="Northrop Loom">Northrop loom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_loom" title="Power loom">Power loom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapier_loom" title="Rapier loom">Rapier loom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberts_Loom" title="Roberts Loom">Roberts loom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warp-weighted_loom" title="Warp-weighted loom">Warp-weighted loom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Weavers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acesas" title="Acesas">Acesas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anni_Albers" title="Anni Albers">Anni Albers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otti_Berger" title="Otti Berger">Otti Berger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micheline_Beauchemin" title="Micheline Beauchemin">Micheline Beauchemin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johanna_Brunsson" title="Johanna Brunsson">Johanna Brunsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ada_Dietz" title="Ada Dietz">Ada Dietz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ferguson_%26_Co_Ltd" title="Thomas Ferguson & Co Ltd">Thomas Ferguson & Co Ltd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Forsell" title="Elisabeth Forsell">Elisabeth Forsell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Liebes" title="Dorothy Liebes">Dorothy Liebes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethel_Mairet" title="Ethel Mairet">Ethel Mairet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Elisabet_%C3%96berg" title="Maria Elisabet Öberg">Maria Elisabet Öberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilly_Reich" title="Lilly Reich">Lilly Reich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaretha_Reichardt" title="Margaretha Reichardt">Margaretha Reichardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rylands" title="John Rylands">John Rylands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitta_Scherzenfeldt" title="Brigitta Scherzenfeldt">Brigitta Scherzenfeldt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Sherman" title="Clara Sherman">Clara Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunta_St%C3%B6lzl" title="Gunta Stölzl">Gunta Stölzl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judocus_de_Vos" title="Judocus de Vos">Judocus de Vos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaretha_Zetterberg" title="Margaretha Zetterberg">Margaretha Zetterberg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Employment practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/More_looms" title="More looms">More looms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kissing_the_shuttle" title="Kissing the shuttle">Kissing the shuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piece-rate_list" title="Piece-rate list">Piece-rate list</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mills</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bancroft_Shed" title="Bancroft Shed">Bancroft Shed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Street_Mill" title="Queen Street Mill">Queen Street Mill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output 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class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>70 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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