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main-navigation__item--level-2 "> <a href="https://f1000research.com/nc3rs" class="main-navigation__link main-navigation__link--level-2" rel="noreferrer">The NC3Rs gateway</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-navigation__item main-navigation__item--all"> <a class="main-navigation__link main-navigation__link--all" href="/3rs-resources">View all 3Rs resource library</a> </li> </ul> <div class="main-navigation__card"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-navigation__item main-navigation__item--level-0 "> <a href="/3rs-training" title="Free 3Rs training available for a variety of audiences across the UK." class="main-navigation__link main-navigation__link--level-0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2054">3Rs training</a> </li> <li class="main-navigation__item main-navigation__item--level-0 "> <a href="/networks" class="main-navigation__link main-navigation__link--level-0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2240">3Rs networks</a> </li> <li class="main-navigation__item 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class="js-gcsapi-block-form__wrapper--mobile container" style="position:relative;"> </div> <div class="container"> </div> <div id="main-content" class="container main-content" role="main"> <div class="main-content__content"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <div id="block-nc3rs-content"> <article> <div> <div class="homepage-banner hero-banner"> <article class="call-to-action "> <div class="call-to-action__content"> <div class="call-to-action__sub-title"> Pioneering better science </div> <h1 class="call-to-action__title"> Replacement, Reduction and Refinement </h1> <div class="call-to-action__body"> A UK-based scientific organisation dedicated to helping the research community worldwide to identify, develop and use 3Rs technologies and approaches. </div> <a href="/who-we-are/our-mission" class="call-to-action__link button button--alt" title="Link to Card heading and link title">Our mission</a> </div> <div class="call-to-action__image"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2021-08/NC3Rs%20Research%20Review%202019.jpg?itok=90tnhbmZ" width="1000" height="562" alt="""" /> </div> </article> </div> <div class="breakout s8080-component "> <div class="container"> <div class="s8080-component cards cards--50x2-lg cards--stacked"> <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-xl-2 mw-100"><div class="col mt-5"> <article class="card card--card-stacked s8080-component"> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__title"> <a href="/3rs-resources" class="card__link " title="3Rs resource library"><span>3Rs resource library</span></a> </div> <div class="card__body"> <p>Guidelines, practical information, publications, video and training materials to help you put the 3Rs into practice.</p> </div> </div> <div class="card__image"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2021-10/Black%20mouse%20sitting%20on%20gloved%20hands.jpg?h=c59d54e9&itok=pBnmQ_50 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2021-10/Black%20mouse%20sitting%20on%20gloved%20hands.jpg?h=c59d54e9&itok=pBnmQ_50 2x" media="screen and (min-width: 1000px)" type="image/jpeg" width="635" height="635"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2021-10/Black%20mouse%20sitting%20on%20gloved%20hands.jpg?h=c59d54e9&itok=pBnmQ_50 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2021-10/Black%20mouse%20sitting%20on%20gloved%20hands.jpg?h=c59d54e9&itok=pBnmQ_50 2x" media="screen and (min-width: 768px)" type="image/jpeg" width="635" height="635"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2021-10/Black%20mouse%20sitting%20on%20gloved%20hands.jpg?h=c59d54e9&itok=pBnmQ_50 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2021-10/Black%20mouse%20sitting%20on%20gloved%20hands.jpg?h=c59d54e9&itok=pBnmQ_50 2x" media="screen and (min-width: 600px)" type="image/jpeg" width="635" height="635"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2021-10/Black%20mouse%20sitting%20on%20gloved%20hands.jpg?itok=IS6JBJ2J 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2021-10/Black%20mouse%20sitting%20on%20gloved%20hands.jpg?itok=IS6JBJ2J 2x" media="(min-width: 480px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1000" height="562"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2021-10/Black%20mouse%20sitting%20on%20gloved%20hands.jpg?itok=IS6JBJ2J 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2021-10/Black%20mouse%20sitting%20on%20gloved%20hands.jpg?itok=IS6JBJ2J 2x" media="(max-width: 479px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1000" height="562"/> <img loading="eager" src="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2021-10/Black%20mouse%20sitting%20on%20gloved%20hands.jpg?itok=IS6JBJ2J" width="1000" height="562" alt="Black mouse sitting on open hands. The technician is wearing a blue coveralls and blue medical grade gloves." /> </picture> </div> </article> </div><div class="col mt-5"> <article class="card card--card-stacked s8080-component"> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__title"> <a href="/our-funding-schemes" class="card__link " title="Our funding schemes"><span>Our funding schemes</span></a> </div> <div class="card__body"> <p>We fund world class researchers to develop predictive, reliable and humane 3Rs approaches.</p> </div> </div> <div class="card__image"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2022-01/Two%20happy%20scientists%20look%20in%20microscopes.jpg?h=3c3f2081&itok=98E5B-Po 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2022-01/Two%20happy%20scientists%20look%20in%20microscopes.jpg?h=3c3f2081&itok=98E5B-Po 2x" media="screen and (min-width: 1000px)" type="image/jpeg" width="635" height="635"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2022-01/Two%20happy%20scientists%20look%20in%20microscopes.jpg?h=3c3f2081&itok=98E5B-Po 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2022-01/Two%20happy%20scientists%20look%20in%20microscopes.jpg?h=3c3f2081&itok=98E5B-Po 2x" media="screen and (min-width: 768px)" type="image/jpeg" width="635" height="635"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2022-01/Two%20happy%20scientists%20look%20in%20microscopes.jpg?h=3c3f2081&itok=98E5B-Po 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2022-01/Two%20happy%20scientists%20look%20in%20microscopes.jpg?h=3c3f2081&itok=98E5B-Po 2x" media="screen and (min-width: 600px)" type="image/jpeg" width="635" height="635"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2022-01/Two%20happy%20scientists%20look%20in%20microscopes.jpg?h=4e3b394f&itok=_T846sEb 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2022-01/Two%20happy%20scientists%20look%20in%20microscopes.jpg?h=4e3b394f&itok=_T846sEb 2x" media="(min-width: 480px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1000" height="562"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2022-01/Two%20happy%20scientists%20look%20in%20microscopes.jpg?h=4e3b394f&itok=_T846sEb 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2022-01/Two%20happy%20scientists%20look%20in%20microscopes.jpg?h=4e3b394f&itok=_T846sEb 2x" media="(max-width: 479px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1000" height="562"/> <img loading="eager" src="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2022-01/Two%20happy%20scientists%20look%20in%20microscopes.jpg?h=4e3b394f&itok=_T846sEb" width="1000" height="562" alt="Two scientists look into microscopes" /> </picture> </div> </article> </div><div class="col mt-5"> <article class="card card--card-stacked s8080-component"> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__title"> <a href="/our-portfolio" class="card__link " title="Our portfolio"><span>Our portfolio</span></a> </div> <div class="card__body"> <p>Details of NC3Rs projects, including grants, early career awards and work led by our staff.</p> </div> </div> <div class="card__image"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2022-01/Two%20researchers%20look%20at%20a%20sample%20in%20a%20Petri%20dish.jpg?itok=M0ocDrf3 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2022-01/Two%20researchers%20look%20at%20a%20sample%20in%20a%20Petri%20dish.jpg?itok=M0ocDrf3 2x" media="screen and (min-width: 1000px)" type="image/jpeg" width="635" height="635"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2022-01/Two%20researchers%20look%20at%20a%20sample%20in%20a%20Petri%20dish.jpg?itok=M0ocDrf3 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2022-01/Two%20researchers%20look%20at%20a%20sample%20in%20a%20Petri%20dish.jpg?itok=M0ocDrf3 2x" media="screen and (min-width: 768px)" type="image/jpeg" width="635" height="635"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2022-01/Two%20researchers%20look%20at%20a%20sample%20in%20a%20Petri%20dish.jpg?itok=M0ocDrf3 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2022-01/Two%20researchers%20look%20at%20a%20sample%20in%20a%20Petri%20dish.jpg?itok=M0ocDrf3 2x" media="screen and (min-width: 600px)" type="image/jpeg" width="635" height="635"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2022-01/Two%20researchers%20look%20at%20a%20sample%20in%20a%20Petri%20dish.jpg?itok=9cZWFsQr 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2022-01/Two%20researchers%20look%20at%20a%20sample%20in%20a%20Petri%20dish.jpg?itok=9cZWFsQr 2x" media="(min-width: 480px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1000" height="562"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2022-01/Two%20researchers%20look%20at%20a%20sample%20in%20a%20Petri%20dish.jpg?itok=9cZWFsQr 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2022-01/Two%20researchers%20look%20at%20a%20sample%20in%20a%20Petri%20dish.jpg?itok=9cZWFsQr 2x" media="(max-width: 479px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1000" height="562"/> <img loading="eager" src="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2022-01/Two%20researchers%20look%20at%20a%20sample%20in%20a%20Petri%20dish.jpg?itok=9cZWFsQr" width="1000" height="562" alt="Two researchers look at a sample in a Petri dish" /> </picture> </div> </article> </div><div class="col mt-5"> <article class="card card--card-stacked s8080-component"> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__title"> <a href="/3rs-public" class="card__link " title="3Rs for the public"><span>3Rs for the public</span></a> </div> <div class="card__body"> <p>What are the 3Rs? How many animals are used in research? Find answers to these questions and more.</p> </div> </div> <div class="card__image"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2021-07/Rat_cage_0_0.jpg?h=79b6ffc2&itok=FWxvofeg 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2021-07/Rat_cage_0_0.jpg?h=79b6ffc2&itok=FWxvofeg 2x" media="screen and (min-width: 1000px)" type="image/jpeg" width="635" height="635"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2021-07/Rat_cage_0_0.jpg?h=79b6ffc2&itok=FWxvofeg 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2021-07/Rat_cage_0_0.jpg?h=79b6ffc2&itok=FWxvofeg 2x" media="screen and (min-width: 768px)" type="image/jpeg" width="635" height="635"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2021-07/Rat_cage_0_0.jpg?h=79b6ffc2&itok=FWxvofeg 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_1_1_/public/2021-07/Rat_cage_0_0.jpg?h=79b6ffc2&itok=FWxvofeg 2x" media="screen and (min-width: 600px)" type="image/jpeg" width="635" height="635"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2021-07/Rat_cage_0_0.jpg?itok=k7fyyi6d 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2021-07/Rat_cage_0_0.jpg?itok=k7fyyi6d 2x" media="(min-width: 480px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1000" height="562"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2021-07/Rat_cage_0_0.jpg?itok=k7fyyi6d 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2021-07/Rat_cage_0_0.jpg?itok=k7fyyi6d 2x" media="(max-width: 479px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1000" height="562"/> <img loading="eager" src="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2021-07/Rat_cage_0_0.jpg?itok=k7fyyi6d" width="1000" height="562" alt="Two white rats in an enriched cage containing cardboard tunnels and paper towels." /> </picture> </div> </article> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="s8080-component"> <h2 class="cards__title"> Latest news </h2> <div class="views-element-container"> <div class="js-view-dom-id-fdb42ed86be3c54ac8a1842a6d19323f92920faea3521fde26f8f8f90c8ad57d"> <div class="s8080-component cards cards--33x3 cards--default"> <div class="mw-100 row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-2 row-cols-lg-3"><div class="col mt-4"> <article class="card "> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__title"> <a href="/news/introducing-arrive-study-plan" class="card__link " title="Introducing the ARRIVE study plan"><span><span>Introducing the ARRIVE study plan</span> </span></a> </div> <div class="card__body"> <p>The ARRIVE study plan is a freely available resource to assess the rigour and improve the transparency of planned animal research.</p> </div> <div class="card__metadata"> <span class="card__tag me-3"> News </span> <span class="card__date"> <span><time datetime="2024-10-28T10:31:55+00:00" title="Monday, 28 October, 2024 - 10:31">28 October 2024</time> </span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card__image"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2024-10/Study%20plan%20dissemination%20image.png?itok=hHVZfLzB" width="1000" height="562" alt="The ARRIVE study plan" /> </div> </article> </div><div class="col mt-4"> <article class="card "> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__title"> <a href="/news/new-mrcnc3rs-funding-call-novel-human-vitro-models-complex-disease" class="card__link " title="New MRC/NC3Rs funding call for novel human in vitro models of complex disease"><span><span>New MRC/NC3Rs funding call for novel human in vitro models of complex disease</span> </span></a> </div> <div class="card__body"> <p>拢10M will be available to support interdisciplinary research clusters.</p> </div> <div class="card__metadata"> <span class="card__tag me-3"> News </span> <span class="card__date"> <span><time datetime="2024-09-25T15:00:00+01:00" title="Wednesday, 25 September, 2024 - 15:00">25 September 2024</time> </span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card__image"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2024-09/Organ%20on%20a%20chip%20%28Shutterstock%29.jpg?itok=-1_zBqgL" width="1000" height="562" alt="Organ-on-chip device" /> </div> </article> </div><div class="col mt-4"> <article class="card "> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__title"> <a href="/news/new-award-scheme-supports-3rs-network-collaborations" class="card__link " title="New award scheme supports 3Rs Network collaborations"><span><span>New award scheme supports 3Rs Network collaborations</span> </span></a> </div> <div class="card__body"> <p>We have made the first Network primer awards to our 3Rs Network members to establish collaborations and apply 3Rs technologies to new research questions.</p> </div> <div class="card__metadata"> <span class="card__tag me-3"> News </span> <span class="card__date"> <span><time datetime="2024-09-18T17:41:16+01:00" title="Wednesday, 18 September, 2024 - 17:41">18 September 2024</time> </span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card__image"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2024-09/2024_cardiovascular%20network%20launch%20meeting_posters%201%20%28003%29.jpg?itok=gEyaXK_o" width="1000" height="562" alt="Image of scientists networking at our Network launch event" /> </div> </article> </div><div class="col mt-4"> <article class="card "> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__title"> <a href="/news/gene-editing-and-3rs-20-years-pioneering-better-science" class="card__link " title="Gene editing and the 3Rs: 20 years of pioneering better science"><span><span>Gene editing and the 3Rs: 20 years of pioneering better science</span> </span></a> </div> <div class="card__body"> <p>Explore the evolving relationship between genetic modification and the 3Rs over the past two decades in our article in the Genetics Society magazine.</p> </div> <div class="card__metadata"> <span class="card__tag me-3"> News </span> <span class="card__date"> <span><time datetime="2024-09-10T15:50:12+01:00" title="Tuesday, 10 September, 2024 - 15:50">10 September 2024</time> </span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card__image"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2024-10/GeneticsSocietyMagazine_Cover.png?h=de500a37&itok=5oPq2K73" width="1000" height="562" alt="The Genetics Society Magazine cover." /> </div> </article> </div><div class="col mt-4"> <article class="card "> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__title"> <a href="/news/addressing-animal-use-cost-and-feasibility-implications-proposed-eu-reach-requirements" class="card__link " title="Addressing animal use, cost and feasibility implications of proposed EU REACH requirements"><span><span>Addressing animal use, cost and feasibility implications of proposed EU REACH requirements </span> </span></a> </div> <div class="card__body"> <p>Analysis led by the NC3Rs aims to inform new endocrine disruption testing requirements in the EU to avoid substantially increasing animal use and resource.</p> </div> <div class="card__metadata"> <span class="card__tag me-3"> News </span> <span class="card__date"> <span><time datetime="2024-09-04T16:56:22+01:00" title="Wednesday, 4 September, 2024 - 16:56">04 September 2024</time> </span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card__image"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2024-08/EU_REACH_ED_01.png?itok=OQaES6ho" width="1000" height="562" alt="Icons of euro coins, zebrafish and papers." /> </div> </article> </div><div class="col mt-4"> <article class="card "> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__title"> <a href="/news/ps29m-awarded-six-new-project-grants" class="card__link " title="拢2.9M awarded to six new project grants"><span><span>拢2.9M awarded to six new project grants</span> </span></a> </div> <div class="card__body"> <p>Our total commitment for project grants over the past twenty years has now surpassed 拢50M, supporting 3Rs method development, characterisation and dissemination.</p> </div> <div class="card__metadata"> <span class="card__tag me-3"> News </span> <span class="card__date"> <span><time datetime="2024-08-28T10:00:00+01:00" title="Wednesday, 28 August, 2024 - 10:00">28 August 2024</time> </span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card__image"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2021-09/project%20grants%202019.png?itok=JQ64ZID6" width="1000" height="562" alt="Centrifuge tubes in a orange rack" /> </div> </article> </div></div> </div> <a class="view-all" href="/news">View all NC3Rs articles</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="s8080-component"> <article class="call-to-action call-to-action--orange "> <div class="call-to-action__content"> <div class="call-to-action__sub-title"> CRACK IT </div> <h2 class="call-to-action__title"> Discover 3Rs innovations from the NC3Rs </h2> <div class="call-to-action__body"> <p>Bringing together expertise from different sectors and disciplines to deliver readily available and easily deployed 3Rs models and tools that are more predictive and cost-effective than current animal models.</p> </div> <a href="https://nc3rs.org.uk/crackit/" class="call-to-action__link button button--alt" title="Link to Card heading and link title">Discover our CRACK IT Challenges funding competition</a> </div> <div class="call-to-action__image"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/image_16_9/public/2023-03/CRACK%20IT%20mega%20Challenge%20virtual%20dog%202022.png?itok=bIzu5Wfg" width="1000" height="562" alt="A visual representation of a network" /> </div> </article> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="footer"> <div class="container"> <h2 class="footer__title text-md-center">More from the NC3Rs</h2> <div class="footer__menus row"><div class="footer__menu col-md"> <h3> Useful links</h3> <ul class="footer__menu-list"><li><a href="/contact-us">Contact us</a></li> <li><a href="/who-we-are/what-we-do">What we 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