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searchaux" style="display:none">1994 video game</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1994 video game</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1117680521">.mw-parser-output .ib-video-game .infobox-label{white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em}.mw-parser-output .ib-video-game .infobox-above{font-style:italic}</style><table class="infobox ib-video-game hproduct"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn"><i>Operation Crusader</i></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Operation_Crusader_DOS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/ce/Operation_Crusader_DOS.jpg/220px-Operation_Crusader_DOS.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/ce/Operation_Crusader_DOS.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="291" data-file-height="342" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Cover art</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Video_game_developer" title="Video game developer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Atomic_Games" title="Atomic Games">Atomic Games</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Video_game_publisher" title="Video game publisher">Publisher(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Avalon_Hill" title="Avalon Hill">Avalon Hill</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Series</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>World at War</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">Platform(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/DOS" title="DOS">DOS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macintosh" class="mw-redirect" title="Macintosh">Macintosh</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span style="font-size:97%;"><a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">NA</a>:</span> 1994</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Video_game_genre" title="Video game genre">Genre(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Computer_wargame" title="Computer wargame">Computer wargame</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Operation Crusader</b></i> is a 1994 <a href="/wiki/Computer_wargame" title="Computer wargame">computer wargame</a> developed by <a href="/wiki/Atomic_Games" title="Atomic Games">Atomic Games</a> and published by <a href="/wiki/Avalon_Hill" title="Avalon Hill">Avalon Hill</a>. </p><p><i>Operation Crusader</i> was among the first titles released in Avalon Hill's push to revive its computer game division during the 1990s, in an attempt to diversify its business because of falling <a href="/wiki/Board_wargame" title="Board wargame">board wargame</a> sales. The company hired Atomic Games as a key to this initiative, and <i>Crusader</i> acted as the spiritual successor to its earlier <i><a href="/wiki/V_for_Victory" title="V for Victory">V for Victory</a></i> wargame series, reusing and updating much of the game design and code from those titles. </p><p><i>Operation Crusader</i> was the first game in the <i>World at War</i> series, and was followed by <i><a href="/wiki/World_at_War:_Stalingrad" title="World at War: Stalingrad">World at War: Stalingrad</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/D-Day:_America_Invades" title="D-Day: America Invades">D-Day: America Invades</a></i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gameplay">Gameplay</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Crusader_(video_game)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Gameplay"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The player takes control of a military commander during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. The player is tasked with building up an army in order to destroy the opposing military. The player has the choice between being an <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Ally</a>, or being part of the <a href="/wiki/Axis_powers" title="Axis powers">Axis</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Crusader_(video_game)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Matilda_tanks_on_the_move_outside_the_perimeter_of_Tobruk,_Libya,_18_November_1941._E6600.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Matilda_tanks_on_the_move_outside_the_perimeter_of_Tobruk%2C_Libya%2C_18_November_1941._E6600.jpg/220px-Matilda_tanks_on_the_move_outside_the_perimeter_of_Tobruk%2C_Libya%2C_18_November_1941._E6600.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Matilda_tanks_on_the_move_outside_the_perimeter_of_Tobruk%2C_Libya%2C_18_November_1941._E6600.jpg/330px-Matilda_tanks_on_the_move_outside_the_perimeter_of_Tobruk%2C_Libya%2C_18_November_1941._E6600.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Matilda_tanks_on_the_move_outside_the_perimeter_of_Tobruk%2C_Libya%2C_18_November_1941._E6600.jpg/440px-Matilda_tanks_on_the_move_outside_the_perimeter_of_Tobruk%2C_Libya%2C_18_November_1941._E6600.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1785" /></a><figcaption><i>Operation Crusader</i> was designed to simulate the historical World War II <a href="/wiki/Operation_Crusader" title="Operation Crusader">military operation of the same name</a> (pictured in November 1941).</figcaption></figure> <p>Starting with the hire of producer Jim Rose in December 1992,<sup id="cite_ref-jimrosehired_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jimrosehired-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ropes_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ropes-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Avalon_Hill" title="Avalon Hill">Avalon Hill</a> began an effort to revive its computer game branch in response to flagging <a href="/wiki/Board_wargame" title="Board wargame">board wargame</a> sales during the 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-greenwood_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greenwood-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sun1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sun1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rose signed developer <a href="/wiki/Atomic_Games" title="Atomic Games">Atomic Games</a> in 1993 as a key part of this initiative.<sup id="cite_ref-emrich_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emrich-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kzinterview_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kzinterview-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-greenwood_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greenwood-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Atomic team was known for the <i><a href="/wiki/V_for_Victory_(video_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="V for Victory (video game)">V for Victory</a></i> series with <a href="/wiki/Three-Sixty_Pacific" title="Three-Sixty Pacific">Three-Sixty Pacific</a>, but had recently left that publisher,<sup id="cite_ref-emrich_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emrich-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after a period of financial problems that culminated in a lawsuit for unpaid royalties.<sup id="cite_ref-lawsuit_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lawsuit-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lawsuit2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lawsuit2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Avalon contracted Atomic primarily to create a computer version of <i><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Squad_Leader" title="Advanced Squad Leader">Advanced Squad Leader</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-emrich_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emrich-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-devdiary_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-devdiary-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alan Emrich of <i><a href="/wiki/Computer_Gaming_World" title="Computer Gaming World">Computer Gaming World</a></i> reported rumors in 1993 that "Avalon Hill will [also] be publishing a <i>second</i> game from Atomic" centered on the <a href="/wiki/North_African_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="North African Campaign">North African Campaign</a>. He speculated that this was "what would be the next <i>V for Victory</i> game in an Avalon Hill wrapper".<sup id="cite_ref-emrich_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emrich-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By January 1994, Atomic Games had revealed the <i>World at War</i> series as the successor to its <i>V for Victory</i> line under Avalon, and its first entry was entitled <i>Operation Crusader</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-notes_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-notes-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alongside <i><a href="/wiki/Kingmaker_(video_game)" title="Kingmaker (video game)">Kingmaker</a></i>, <i>Operation Crusader</i> was one of the first two titles released as part of Avalon Hill's new initiative.<sup id="cite_ref-sun1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sun1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-greenwood_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greenwood-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The computer game division had previously been known for low-quality titles,<sup id="cite_ref-greenwood_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greenwood-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ropes_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ropes-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pcgamerusrev_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pcgamerusrev-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a problem that Avalon Hill's Don Greenwood blamed on his and the company's "hubris" and favoritism toward board products.<sup id="cite_ref-greenwood_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greenwood-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ross Hetrick of the <i><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Sun" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore Sun">Baltimore Sun</a></i> reported that the company's first venture ran from 1983 to 1986, and ended "when its games began to lag those of competitors."<sup id="cite_ref-sun1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sun1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For <i>Operation Crusader</i>, Zabalaoui noted that Avalon Hill's president had informed him that " 'good' isn't good enough".<sup id="cite_ref-kzinterview_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kzinterview-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Atomic and Avalon Hill experienced creative friction during the development of <i>Operation Crusader</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-retrospective_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-retrospective-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-trotter2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trotter2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-telescope_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telescope-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><i>Computer Gaming World</i> columnist Alan Emrich wrote in 1995, "To say there was no love lost between [...] Jim Rose and Atomic's Keith Zabalaoui would be a gracious understatement."<sup id="cite_ref-telescope_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telescope-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the magazine's Terry Coleman noted that the "tensions" between the companies' design philosophies "worked positively" on <i>Operation Crusader</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-retrospective_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-retrospective-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Operation Crusader</i> was released in 1994, between April and June.<sup id="cite_ref-sun1_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sun1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Crusader_(video_game)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Operation Crusader</i> sold fewer than 50,000 units globally. This was part of a trend for Avalon Hill games during the period; Terry Coleman of <i><a href="/wiki/Computer_Gaming_World" title="Computer Gaming World">Computer Gaming World</a></i> wrote in late 1998 that "no AH game in the past five years" had reached the mark.<sup id="cite_ref-buyinggame_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buyinggame-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <i><a href="/wiki/PC_Gamer_US" class="mw-redirect" title="PC Gamer US">PC Gamer US</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/William_R._Trotter" title="William R. Trotter">William R. Trotter</a> called <i>Operation Crusader</i> "a thoroughbred and a champion", and awarded it a score of 94%.<sup id="cite_ref-pcgamerusrev_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pcgamerusrev-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Czech magazine <i>Score</i> rated the game 6 out of 10.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Trotter went on to name <i>Operation Crusader</i> one of his favorite titles of 1994, and wrote that it "captured all the sweep, fluidity, and sudden reversals-of-fortune that characterized the desert war."<sup id="cite_ref-favorites_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-favorites-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The game was also a runner-up for <i>Computer Gaming World</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s 1994 "Wargame of the Year" prize, which ultimately went to <i><a href="/wiki/Panzer_General" title="Panzer General">Panzer General</a></i>. The editors remarked that <i>Crusader</i> "one-ups Atomic Games' <i>V for Victory</i> series in terms of both graphics and gameplay."<sup id="cite_ref-cgwpremier1995_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cgwpremier1995-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1996, <i>Computer Gaming World</i> declared <i>Operation Crusader</i> the 110th-best computer game ever released.<sup id="cite_ref-cgw150_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cgw150-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The magazine's wargame columnist Terry Coleman named it his pick for the 9th-best computer wargame released by late 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-15wargames_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15wargames-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Crusader_(video_game)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-jimrosehired-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jimrosehired_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRose,_Jim1993" class="citation journal cs1">Rose, Jim (1993). "Silicon Simulations". <i><a href="/wiki/The_General_(magazine)" title="The General (magazine)">The General</a></i>. <b>28</b> (4): 57.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+General&rft.atitle=Silicon+Simulations&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=57&rft.date=1993&rft.au=Rose%2C+Jim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Crusader+%28video+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ropes-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ropes_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ropes_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrotter,_William_R.1995" class="citation journal cs1">Trotter, William R. (December 1995). "The Desktop General; Avalon Hill: On the Ropes or On a Roll?". <i><a href="/wiki/PC_Gamer_US" class="mw-redirect" title="PC Gamer US">PC Gamer US</a></i>. <b>2</b> (12): 303, 304.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PC+Gamer+US&rft.atitle=The+Desktop+General%3B+Avalon+Hill%3A+On+the+Ropes+or+On+a+Roll%3F&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=303%2C+304&rft.date=1995-12&rft.au=Trotter%2C+William+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Crusader+%28video+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-greenwood-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-greenwood_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-greenwood_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-greenwood_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-greenwood_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-greenwood_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenwood,_Don1994" class="citation journal cs1">Greenwood, Don (1994). "The Avalon Hill Philosophy Part 161: A Tale of Two Companies". <i><a href="/wiki/The_General_(magazine)" title="The General (magazine)">The General</a></i>. <b>29</b> (2): 3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+General&rft.atitle=The+Avalon+Hill+Philosophy+Part+161%3A+A+Tale+of+Two+Companies&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1994&rft.au=Greenwood%2C+Don&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Crusader+%28video+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sun1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sun1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sun1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sun1_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sun1_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHetrick,_Ross1994" class="citation web cs1">Hetrick, Ross (June 13, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baltimoresun.com/1994/06/13/getting-back-into-the-battle/">"Getting Back Into The Battle"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Sun" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore Sun">Baltimore Sun</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160325050220/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1994-06-13/business/1994164133_1_dott-avalon-kingmaker">Archived</a> from the original on March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baltimore+Sun&rft.atitle=Getting+Back+Into+The+Battle&rft.date=1994-06-13&rft.au=Hetrick%2C+Ross&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baltimoresun.com%2F1994%2F06%2F13%2Fgetting-back-into-the-battle%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Crusader+%28video+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-emrich-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-emrich_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-emrich_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-emrich_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-emrich_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEmrich,_Alan1993" class="citation magazine cs1">Emrich, Alan (November 1993). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PC+Gamer+US&rft.atitle=Review+of+Operation+Crusader+in+PC+Gamer+Magazine&rft.date=1994-12&rft.au=Trotter%2C+William+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atomic.com%3A80%2Fgames%2Freviews%2FPC_Gamer_Review.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOperation+Crusader+%28video+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-retrospective-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-retrospective_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-retrospective_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColeman,_Terry1999" class="citation magazine cs1">Coleman, Terry (January 1999). 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Atomic_Games" title="Template:Atomic Games"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Atomic_Games" title="Template talk:Atomic Games"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Atomic_Games" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Atomic Games"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Atomic_Games" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Atomic_Games" title="Atomic Games">Atomic Games</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/V_for_Victory_(video_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="V for Victory (video game)"><i>V for Victory</i> series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/V_for_Victory:_D-Day_Utah_Beach" title="V for Victory: D-Day Utah Beach">D-Day Utah Beach</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/V_for_Victory:_Velikiye_Luki" title="V for Victory: Velikiye Luki">Velikiye Luki</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/V_for_Victory:_Market-Garden" title="V for Victory: Market-Garden">Market-Garden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/V_for_Victory:_Gold-Juno-Sword" title="V for Victory: Gold-Juno-Sword">Gold-Juno-Sword</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>World at War</i> series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Operation Crusader</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/World_at_War:_Stalingrad" title="World at War: Stalingrad">Stalingrad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D-Day:_America_Invades" title="D-Day: America Invades">D-Day: America Invades</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Close_Combat_(series)" title="Close Combat (series)"><i>Close Combat</i> series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Close_Combat_(video_game)" title="Close Combat (video game)">Close Combat</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Close_Combat:_A_Bridge_Too_Far" title="Close Combat: A Bridge Too Far">A Bridge Too Far</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Close_Combat_III:_The_Russian_Front" title="Close Combat III: The Russian Front">III: The Russian Front</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Close_Combat:_Battle_of_the_Bulge" title="Close Combat: Battle of the Bulge">Battle of the Bulge</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Close_Combat:_Invasion:_Normandy" title="Close Combat: Invasion: Normandy">Invasion: Normandy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Close_Combat:_Marines" title="Close Combat: Marines">Marines</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Six_Days_in_Fallujah" title="Six Days in Fallujah">Six Days in Fallujah</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Breach_(2011_video_game)" title="Breach (2011 video game)">Breach</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Destineer" title="Destineer">Destineer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avalon_Hill" title="Avalon Hill">Avalon Hill</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Squad_Leader" title="Advanced Squad Leader">Advanced Squad Leader</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Avalon_Hill" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Avalon_Hill" title="Template:Avalon Hill"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Avalon_Hill" title="Template talk:Avalon Hill"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Avalon_Hill" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Avalon Hill"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Avalon_Hill" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Avalon_Hill" title="Avalon Hill">Avalon Hill</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wargaming" class="mw-redirect" title="Wargaming">Wargames</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tactics_(game)" title="Tactics (game)">Tactics</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tactics_II" title="Tactics II">Tactics II</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gettysburg_(game)" title="Gettysburg (game)">Gettysburg</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chancellorsville_(game)" title="Chancellorsville (game)">Chancellorsville</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Civil_War_(board_game)" title="Civil War (board game)">Civil War</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D-Day_(game)" title="D-Day (game)">D-Day</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bismarck_(board_game)" title="Bismarck (board game)">Bismarck</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Afrika_Korps_(game)" title="Afrika Korps (game)">Afrika Korps</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stalingrad_(wargame)" title="Stalingrad (wargame)">Stalingrad</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Midway_(1964_game)" title="Midway (1964 game)">Midway</a></i> (1964)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blitzkrieg_(game)" title="Blitzkrieg (game)">Blitzkrieg</a></i> (1965)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jutland_(board_game)" title="Jutland (board game)">Jutland</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1914_(game)" title="1914 (game)">1914</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anzio_(game)" title="Anzio (game)">Anzio</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/PanzerBlitz" title="PanzerBlitz">PanzerBlitz</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Caesar_(game)" title="Caesar (game)">Caesar</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Origins_of_World_War_II_(game)" title="Origins of World War II (game)">Origins of World War II</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Outdoor_Survival" title="Outdoor Survival">Outdoor Survival</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richthofen%27s_War" title="Richthofen's War">Richthofen's War</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1776_(boardgame)" title="1776 (boardgame)">1776</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great_(board_game)" title="Alexander the Great (board game)">Alexander the Great</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panzer_Leader_(game)" title="Panzer Leader (game)">Panzer Leader</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rise_and_Decline_of_the_Third_Reich" title="Rise and Decline of the Third Reich">Rise and Decline of the Third Reich</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Russian_Campaign" title="The Russian Campaign">The Russian Campaign</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tobruk_(game)" title="Tobruk (game)">Tobruk</a></i> (1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wooden_Ships_and_Iron_Men" title="Wooden Ships and Iron Men">Wooden Ships and Iron Men</a></i> (1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(board_wargame)" title="Starship Troopers (board wargame)">Starship Troopers</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/War_at_Sea" title="War at Sea">War at Sea</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Air_Assault_on_Crete" title="Air Assault on Crete">Air Assault on Crete</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arab-Israeli_Wars_(game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab-Israeli Wars (game)">Arab-Israeli Wars</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hexagony" title="Hexagony">Hexagony</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_(board_game)" title="Napoleon (board game)">Napoleon</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Squad_Leader" title="Squad Leader">Squad Leader</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Victory_in_the_Pacific" title="Victory in the Pacific">Victory in the Pacific</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wizard%27s_Quest" title="Wizard's Quest">Wizard's Quest</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Longest_Day_(game)" title="The Longest Day (game)">The Longest Day</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/War_and_Peace_(game)" title="War and Peace (game)">War and Peace</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hitler%27s_War_(game)" title="Hitler's War (game)">Hitler's War</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Storm_Over_Arnhem" title="Storm Over Arnhem">Storm Over Arnhem</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panzer_Armee_Afrika_(board_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Panzer Armee Afrika (board game)">Panzer Armee Afrika</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/B-17,_Queen_of_the_Skies" title="B-17, Queen of the Skies">B-17, Queen of the Skies</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Up_Front_(game)" title="Up Front (game)">Up Front</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/White_Bear_and_Red_Moon" title="White Bear and Red Moon">White Bear and Red Moon</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panzergruppe_Guderian_(game)" title="Panzergruppe Guderian (game)">Panzergruppe Guderian</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Squad_Leader" title="Advanced Squad Leader">Advanced Squad Leader</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Empires_in_Arms" title="Empires in Arms">Empires in Arms</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Platoon_(boardgame)" class="mw-redirect" title="Platoon (boardgame)">Platoon</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Patton%27s_Best" title="Patton's Best">Patton's Best</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Turning_Point:_Stalingrad" title="Turning Point: Stalingrad">Turning Point: Stalingrad</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bulge_(1991_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Bulge (1991 game)">Battle of the Bulge</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Midway_(1991_game)" title="Midway (1991 game)">Midway</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Third_Reich" class="mw-redirect" title="Advanced Third Reich">Advanced Third Reich</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guadalcanal_(1992_game)" title="Guadalcanal (1992 game)">Guadalcanal</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/We_the_People_(boardgame)" title="We the People (boardgame)">We the People</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_the_Rising_Sun" title="Empire of the Rising Sun">Empire of the Rising Sun</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/London%27s_Burning_(game)" title="London's Burning (game)">London's Burning</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies" title="Axis & Allies">Axis & Allies</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_Cry_(game)" title="Battle Cry (game)">Battle Cry</a></i> (2000)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Axis_&amp;_Allies" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Axis & Allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies:_Europe" title="Axis & Allies: Europe">Axis & Allies: Europe</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies:_Pacific" title="Axis & Allies: Pacific">Axis & Allies: Pacific</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies:_D-Day" title="Axis & Allies: D-Day">Axis & Allies: D-Day</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies_Miniatures" title="Axis & Allies Miniatures">Axis & Allies Miniatures</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies:_Battle_of_the_Bulge" title="Axis & Allies: Battle of the Bulge">Axis & Allies: Battle of the Bulge</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies_Naval_Miniatures:_War_at_Sea" title="Axis & Allies Naval Miniatures: War at Sea">Axis & Allies Naval Miniatures: War at Sea</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies:_Guadalcanal" title="Axis & Allies: Guadalcanal">Axis & Allies: Guadalcanal</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies:_Europe_1940" title="Axis & Allies: Europe 1940">Axis & Allies: Europe 1940</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies:_Pacific_1940" title="Axis & Allies: Pacific 1940">Axis & Allies: Pacific 1940</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies:_World_War_I_1914" title="Axis & Allies: World War I 1914">Axis & Allies: World War I 1914</a></i> (2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Avalon_hill_peak_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Avalon_hill_peak_logo.png/80px-Avalon_hill_peak_logo.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Avalon_hill_peak_logo.png/120px-Avalon_hill_peak_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Avalon_hill_peak_logo.png/160px-Avalon_hill_peak_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="214" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Role-playing_game" title="Role-playing game">Role-playing games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Victory_Games" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Victory Games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/James_Bond_007_(role-playing_game)" title="James Bond 007 (role-playing game)">James Bond 007</a></i> (1983)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lords_of_Creation_(role-playing_game)" title="Lords of Creation (role-playing game)">Lords of Creation</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Powers_%26_Perils" title="Powers & Perils">Powers & Perils</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RuneQuest" title="RuneQuest">RuneQuest</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tales_from_the_Floating_Vagabond" title="Tales from the Floating Vagabond">Tales from the Floating Vagabond</a></i> (1991)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Computer_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer game">Computer games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><i><a href="/wiki/B-1_Nuclear_Bomber" title="B-1 Nuclear Bomber">B-1 Nuclear Bomber</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Computer_Acquire" title="Computer Acquire">Computer Acquire</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lords_of_Karma" title="Lords of Karma">Lords of Karma</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Midway_Campaign" title="Midway Campaign">Midway Campaign</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Convoy_Raider" title="North Atlantic Convoy Raider">North Atlantic Convoy Raider</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Planet_Miners" title="Planet Miners">Planet Miners</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/NukeWar" title="NukeWar">NukeWar</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conflict_2500" title="Conflict 2500">Conflict 2500</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_the_Over-Mind" title="Empire of the Over-Mind">Empire of the Over-Mind</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_(video_game)" title="Galaxy (video game)">Galaxy</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_I_(video_game)" title="Voyager I (video game)">Voyager I</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alien_(Avalon_Hill)" title="Alien (Avalon Hill)">The Alien</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_Conquest" title="Andromeda Conquest">Andromeda Conquest</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Legionnaire_(video_game)" title="Legionnaire (video game)">Legionnaire</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Telengard" title="Telengard">Telengard</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Computer_Football_Strategy" title="Computer Football Strategy">Computer Football Strategy</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panzer-Jagd" title="Panzer-Jagd">Panzer-Jagd</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Strike_(video_game)" title="Gulf Strike (video game)">Gulf Strike</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Incunabula_(video_game)" title="Incunabula (video game)">Incunabula</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_Mission_1999" title="Jupiter Mission 1999">Jupiter Mission 1999</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quest_of_the_Space_Beagle" title="Quest of the Space Beagle">Quest of the Space Beagle</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Cowboy_(video_game)" title="Space Cowboy (video game)">Space Cowboy</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Under_Southern_Skies_(video_game)" title="Under Southern Skies (video game)">Under Southern Skies</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Under_Fire!" title="Under Fire!">Under Fire!</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Darkhorn:_Realm_of_the_Warlords" title="Darkhorn: Realm of the Warlords">Darkhorn: Realm of the Warlords</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guderian_(video_game)" title="Guderian (video game)">Guderian</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wooden_Ships_and_Iron_Men_(video_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wooden Ships and Iron Men (video game)">Wooden Ships and Iron Men</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/5th_Fleet_(video_game)" title="5th Fleet (video game)">5th Fleet</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Flight_Commander_2" title="Flight Commander 2">Flight Commander 2</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Operation Crusader</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kingmaker_(video_game)" title="Kingmaker (video game)">Kingmaker</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1830:_Railroads_%26_Robber_Barons" title="1830: Railroads & Robber Barons">1830: Railroads & Robber Barons</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D-Day:_America_Invades" title="D-Day: America Invades">D-Day: America Invades</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/World_at_War:_Stalingrad" title="World at War: Stalingrad">World at War: Stalingrad</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avalon_Hill%27s_Advanced_Civilization" title="Avalon Hill's Advanced Civilization">Avalon Hill's Advanced Civilization</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Over_the_Reich" title="Over the Reich">Over the Reich</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wooden_Ships_and_Iron_Men_(1996_video_game)" title="Wooden Ships and Iron Men (1996 video game)">Wooden Ships and Iron Men</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Achtung_Spitfire!" title="Achtung Spitfire!">Achtung Spitfire!</a></i> (1997)</li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Board games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Management_(game)" title="Management (game)">Management</a></i> (1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Squander" title="Squander">Squander</a></i> (1965)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kingmaker_(board_game)" title="Kingmaker (board game)">Kingmaker</a></i> (1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Acquire" title="Acquire">Acquire</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Diplomacy_(game)" title="Diplomacy (game)">Diplomacy</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/TwixT" title="TwixT">TwixT</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rail_Baron" title="Rail Baron">Rail Baron</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Speed_Circuit" title="Speed Circuit">Speed Circuit</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bowl_Bound" title="Bowl Bound">Bowl Bound</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dune_(board_game)" title="Dune (board game)">Dune</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Magic_Realm" title="Magic Realm">Magic Realm</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Source_of_the_Nile_(board_game)" title="Source of the Nile (board game)">Source of the Nile</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Circus_Maximus_(game)" title="Circus Maximus (game)">Circus Maximus</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Civilization_(1980_board_game)" title="Civilization (1980 board game)">Civilization</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Machiavelli_(board_game)" title="Machiavelli (board game)">Machiavelli</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amoeba_Wars" title="Amoeba Wars">Amoeba Wars</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conquistador_(game)" title="Conquistador (game)">Conquistador</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paydirt_(game)" title="Paydirt (game)">Paydirt</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Titan_(board_game)" title="Titan (board game)">Titan</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wizards_(board_game)" title="Wizards (board game)">Wizards</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mystic_Wood" title="The Mystic Wood">The Mystic Wood</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1830:_The_Game_of_Railroads_and_Robber_Barons" title="1830: The Game of Railroads and Robber Barons">1830: The Game of Railroads and Robber Barons</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Britannia_(board_game)" title="Britannia (board game)">Britannia</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kremlin_(board_game)" title="Kremlin (board game)">Kremlin</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Merchant_of_Venus" title="Merchant of Venus">Merchant of Venus</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Rome_(game)" title="Republic of Rome (game)">Republic of Rome</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Civilization" title="Advanced Civilization">Advanced Civilization</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_World_(board_game)" title="History of the World (board game)">History of the World</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Renaissance" title="Age of Renaissance">Age of Renaissance</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Air_Baron" title="Air Baron">Air Baron</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stratego:_Legends" title="Stratego: Legends">Stratego: Legends</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Encounter" title="Cosmic Encounter">Cosmic Encounter</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_%E2%80%93_The_Queen%27s_Gambit" class="mw-redirect" title="Star Wars – The Queen's Gambit">Star Wars – The Queen's Gambit</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Risk_2210_A.D." title="Risk 2210 A.D.">Risk 2210 A.D.</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Betrayal_at_House_on_the_Hill" title="Betrayal at House on the Hill">Betrayal at House on the Hill</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Risk_Godstorm" title="Risk Godstorm">Risk Godstorm</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Monsters_Menace_America" title="Monsters Menace America">Monsters Menace America</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nexus_Ops" title="Nexus Ops">Nexus Ops</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RoboRally" title="RoboRally">RoboRally</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vegas_Showdown" title="Vegas Showdown">Vegas Showdown</a></i> (2005)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Card_games" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Card games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Down_with_the_King_(game)" title="Down with the King (game)">Down with the King</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Enemy_in_Sight_(card_game)" title="Enemy in Sight (card game)">Enemy in Sight</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Titan:_The_Arena" title="Titan: The Arena">Titan: The Arena</a></i> (1997)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magazines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_General_(magazine)" title="The General (magazine)">The General</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_S._Roberts" title="Charles S. Roberts">Charles S. Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Dott" title="Eric Dott">Eric Dott</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hasbro" title="Hasbro">Hasbro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wizards_of_the_Coast" title="Wizards of the Coast">Wizards of the Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Avalon_Hill_games" title="List of Avalon Hill games">List of Avalon Hill games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operation_Crusader_(video_game)&oldid=1251976466">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operation_Crusader_(video_game)&oldid=1251976466</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1994_video_games" title="Category:1994 video games">1994 video games</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Atomic_Games_games" title="Category:Atomic Games games">Atomic Games games</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Classic_Mac_OS_games" title="Category:Classic Mac OS games">Classic Mac OS games</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Computer_wargames" title="Category:Computer wargames">Computer wargames</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:DOS_games" title="Category:DOS games">DOS games</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Video_games_developed_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Video games developed in the United States">Video games developed in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Video_games_set_in_Africa" title="Category:Video games set in Africa">Video games set in Africa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_War_II_video_games" title="Category:World War II video games">World War II video games</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_using_Infobox_video_game_using_locally_defined_parameters" title="Category:Articles using Infobox video game using locally defined parameters">Articles using Infobox video game using locally defined parameters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_using_Wikidata_infoboxes_with_locally_defined_images" title="Category:Articles using Wikidata infoboxes with locally defined images">Articles using Wikidata infoboxes with locally defined images</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 19 October 2024, at 03:57<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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