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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_reviews_and_commentary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Other reviews and commentary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_reviews_and_commentary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_recognition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_recognition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Other recognition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_recognition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the board wargame. For the historical origins of World War II, see <a href="/wiki/Causes_of_World_War_II" title="Causes of World War II">Causes of World War II</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cover_of_Origins_of_World_War_II_game.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Cover_of_Origins_of_World_War_II_game.png/220px-Cover_of_Origins_of_World_War_II_game.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/ae/Cover_of_Origins_of_World_War_II_game.png 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="318" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p> <i><b>Origins of World War II</b></i> is a <a href="/wiki/Board_game" title="Board game">board game</a> published by <a href="/wiki/Avalon_Hill" title="Avalon Hill">Avalon Hill</a> in 1971 that combines a wargame with international diplomacy to simulate the diplomatic conditions that led to the outbreak of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Origins_of_World_War_II_(game)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Origins of War War II</i> is a game for 2–5 players, in which each player takes on the role of one of five world powers in the mid-1930s (USA, France, UK, Russia, Germany). Each attempts to promote the diplomatic objectives of their country while preventing the other players from achieving theirs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gameplay">Gameplay</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Origins_of_World_War_II_(game)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Gameplay"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The game starts in 1933, and each turn represents one year. The game ends in 1939, at the end of the sixth turn.<sup id="cite_ref-gp_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Objectives">Objectives</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Origins_of_World_War_II_(game)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Objectives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Each player has a particular set of objectives, each of which provides a set number of victory points. These will differ from player to player — one player may earn 2 victory points for establishing an understanding with Italy, another player may earn no victory points or more victory points for the same thing.<sup id="cite_ref-gp_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Political_Factors_and_Understandings">Political Factors and Understandings</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Origins_of_World_War_II_(game)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Political Factors and Understandings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Each player goes in a particular order, the United States first, Germany last. Each receives a number of Political Factors each turn, which can be placed on any country where the player can score victory points, or the player's home country. Once a player has placed five Political Factors in a country, the player can place an Understanding in that country. Several players can simultaneously have Understandings with the same country.<sup id="cite_ref-gp_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Control">Control</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Origins_of_World_War_II_(game)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Control"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Once a player has placed more than five Political Factors in a country, and no other player has any Political Factors in that country, the player may place a Control on that country if it would earn that player victory points. Once a Control is in place, it cannot be removed.<sup id="cite_ref-gp_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In order to remove another player's Political Factors from a country, a player can attack an opponent's Political Factors with their Political Factors. The ratio of attackers to defenders is calculated, a die is thrown and a result gained from the Diplomatic Result Table. There are four possible results: the attacking player removes all their Political Factors from that country; the defending player removes all their Political Factors; the Defending player removes all their Political Factors and the Attacker removes the same number; and No Effect.<sup id="cite_ref-gp_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For example, France has 3 Political Factors in the Rhineland, and Germany has 6. Germany attacks France's Political Factors at a ratio of 2:1. The German player rolls a 2, meaning France must remove all 3 Political Factors, but Germany must also remove 3, leaving only 3 in the Rhineland, not enough to establish Control. If Germany had rolled a 1, only France would have had to remove Political Factors, leaving Germany with 6 and able to place a Control on the Rhineland.<sup id="cite_ref-gp_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diplomacy">Diplomacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Origins_of_World_War_II_(game)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Diplomacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Germany is the most powerful player, receiving the greatest number of Political Factors each turn, and having the advantage of going last. To counteract an easy German victory, the other players must find some way of cooperating in order to limit Germany's power while still advancing their own agendas.<sup id="cite_ref-gp_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Victory_conditions">Victory conditions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Origins_of_World_War_II_(game)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Victory conditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the end of the sixth turn (1939), victory points are awarded according to each country's national objectives. For example, if the French player has an Understanding in Austria, they gain 1 victory point. If Germany has Control of the Rhineland, they gain 5 victory points. The player with the most points wins. If Germany or the Soviet Union win with 15 points or more, then World War II has started. If any other player wins, war has been averted.<sup id="cite_ref-gp_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scenarios">Scenarios</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Origins_of_World_War_II_(game)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Scenarios"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to the "historical" scenario, four other "what if" scenarios are included: Aggressive French Policy Game, Aggressive French-British Policy Game, British-U.S. Alliance Game, and Anti-Bolshevik Crusade Game.<sup id="cite_ref-gp_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publication_history">Publication history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Origins_of_World_War_II_(game)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Publication history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Game designer <a href="/wiki/Jim_Dunnigan" title="Jim Dunnigan">Jim Dunnigan</a> had designed a couple of games for Avalon Hill, <i><a href="/wiki/Jutland_(board_game)" title="Jutland (board game)">Jutland</a></i> in 1967 and <i><a href="/wiki/1914_(board_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="1914 (board game)">1914</a></i> in 1969. Dunnigan had also designed a game, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Origins_of_World_War_I_(game)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Origins of World War I (game) (page does not exist)">Origins of World War I</a></i>, which was included in the 1969 book <i><a href="/wiki/A_Gamut_of_Games" title="A Gamut of Games">A Gamut of Games</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly afterwards, Dunnigan left Avalon Hill to form his own games company, <a href="/wiki/Simulations_Publications_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Simulations Publications Inc.">Simulations Publications Inc.</a> (SPI). While he was starting up SPI, Dunnigan designed another game for Avalon Hill based on his <i>Origins of World I</i> game but updated to the Second World War.<sup id="cite_ref-ahh_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ahh-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The game was play-tested with secondary school students at the Benjamin Franklin High School, in <a href="/wiki/East_Harlem" title="East Harlem">East Harlem</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> (now the <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Center_for_Science_and_Mathematics" title="Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics">Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics</a>), by <a href="/wiki/Albert_Nofi" title="Albert Nofi">Albert Nofi</a>, then a teacher at the school. </p><p><i>Origins of World War II</i> was published by Avalon Hill in 1971, with royalties being paid directly to SPI.<sup id="cite_ref-ahh_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ahh-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was not a bestseller. In Avalon Hill's company history, published in 1980, <i>Origins of World War II</i> was described as "A good, simple little game which never really caught on with hard core gamers; it remains in the line primarily for its value in the school supply market where it remains an excellent classroom game."<sup id="cite_ref-ahh_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ahh-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An article in <i><a href="/wiki/Boys%27_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="Boys' Life">Boys' Life</a></i> published around the same time also noted that <i>Origins</i> was used in college classrooms.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A set of guidelines to help teachers use the game in the classroom was published in SPI's house magazine <i><a href="/wiki/Moves_(magazine)" title="Moves (magazine)">Moves</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Origins_of_World_War_II_(game)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Issue 4 of the UK magazine <i><a href="/wiki/Games_%26_Puzzles" title="Games & Puzzles">Games & Puzzles</a></i>, (August 1972), John Turner noted the game's simplicity, saying, "The rules are few in number and very easy to understand; they have obviously been written with a moron in mind, since they explain each point in laborious detail and with considerable repetition." He thought that "Play is rapid and holds the interest throughout; every move made by every player influences the position of every other player." He concluded by rating the physical quality of the components, the playing quality and the value for money as excellent, saying, "if you are at all interested in games, this one must be added to your collection."<sup id="cite_ref-gp_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his 1977 book <i><a href="/wiki/The_Comprehensive_Guide_to_Board_Wargaming" title="The Comprehensive Guide to Board Wargaming">The Comprehensive Guide to Board Wargaming</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Nick_Palmer" title="Nick Palmer">Nicholas Palmer</a> called the game an "Unhappy attempt to marry wargames with multi-player diplomacy." Although he agreed the game was "often tense, and easy to learn", Palmer felt the game was fatally and heavily unbalanced in favor of Germany and the USSR, noting that "no American victory [has ever] been recorded to my knowledge, although the rules claim it can be done."<sup id="cite_ref-palmer_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-palmer-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <i>A Player's Guide to Table Games</i>, John Jackson thought the rules, "a masterpiece of redundancy [that] obscure the issue." He also noted that "Conflict is not just inevitable; it is the crux of the game and is clearly intended to induce the frenzied negotiations and double-dealing that make <i><a href="/wiki/Diplomacy_(game)" title="Diplomacy (game)">Diplomacy</a></i> so fascinating. In this, however, it is only partially successful." Jackson thought the major flaw in this game was that it "is not at all balanced. Germany is the overwhelming favorite, not only because it has nearly twice as many Political Factors as the next most powerful country, Britain [...] but also because it plays last; it can pick up cheap Controls in places the other players have missed, and it can frustrate an attack by the placement of a single PF."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <i><a href="/wiki/The_Playboy_Winner%27s_Guide_to_Board_Games" title="The Playboy Winner's Guide to Board Games">The Playboy Winner's Guide to Board Games</a></i>, game designer <a href="/wiki/Jon_Freeman_(game_designer)" title="Jon Freeman (game designer)">Jon Freeman</a> called this "basically a fairly simple game [that] can be played in an hour." However, Freeman found the game fatally unbalanced in favor of Germany, commenting "Germany is the overwhelming favorite, not only because it has nearly twice as many Political Factors as the next most powerful country, Britain, but also because it plays last; it can pick up cheap Controls in places the other players have missed, and it can frustrate an attack by the placement of a single Political Factor." Freeman suggested the only way to improve the game was to use hidden simultaneous moves akin to the system used in <i><a href="/wiki/Diplomacy_(game)" title="Diplomacy (game)">Diplomacy</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <i>The Guide to Simulations/Games for Education and Training</i>, Harry Miller thought this was an excellent game for the classroom, saying, "The primary strength of <i>Origins of World War II</i> is its historical setting and the need for negotiations in order to win ... Such class discussion topics as nationalism, political geography, and alliances can be pursued by students. Contemporary foreign policy can be easily initiated and examined in terms of cultural ties, location of resources, military security, and international compacts."<sup id="cite_ref-gtsg_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gtsg-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_reviews_and_commentary">Other reviews and commentary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Origins_of_World_War_II_(game)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Other reviews and commentary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Fire_%26_Movement" title="Fire & Movement">Fire & Movement</a></i> #73<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_recognition">Other recognition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Origins_of_World_War_II_(game)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Other recognition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A copy of <i>Origins of World War II</i> is held in the collection of the <a href="/wiki/Strong_National_Museum_of_Play" class="mw-redirect" title="Strong National Museum of Play">Strong National Museum of Play</a> (object 112.6191).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Origins_of_World_War_II_(game)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-gp-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gp_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gp_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gp_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gp_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gp_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gp_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gp_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gp_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gp_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gp_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTurner1972" class="citation magazine cs1">Turner, John (August 1972). "Origins of World War II". <i>Games and Puzzles</i>. No. 4. pp. <span class="nowrap">4–</span>5.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Games+and+Puzzles&rft.atitle=Origins+of+World+War+II&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E4-%3C%2Fspan%3E5&rft.date=1972-08&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrigins+of+World+War+II+%28game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/17967/origins-world-war-i">"Origins of World War I"</a>. <i>boardgamegeek.com</i>. <a href="/wiki/BoardGameGeek" title="BoardGameGeek">BoardGameGeek</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-03-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=boardgamegeek.com&rft.atitle=Origins+of+World+War+I&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fboardgamegeek.com%2Fboardgame%2F17967%2Forigins-world-war-i&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrigins+of+World+War+II+%28game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ahh-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ahh_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ahh_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ahh_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Avalon Hill General Index and Company History</i>. Avalon Hill. 1980.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Avalon+Hill+General+Index+and+Company+History&rft.pub=Avalon+Hill&rft.date=1980&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrigins+of+World+War+II+%28game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalter1979" class="citation magazine cs1">Halter, John C. (November 1979). "War Games". <i><a href="/wiki/Boys%27_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="Boys' Life">Boys' Life</a></i>. Boy Scouts of America. p. 37.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Boys%27+Life&rft.atitle=War+Games&rft.pages=37&rft.date=1979-11&rft.aulast=Halter&rft.aufirst=John+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrigins+of+World+War+II+%28game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-palmer-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-palmer_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalmer1977" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nick_Palmer" title="Nick Palmer">Palmer, Nicholas</a> (1977). <i>The Comprehensive Guide to Board Wargaming</i>. London: Sphere Books. p. 165.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Comprehensive+Guide+to+Board+Wargaming&rft.place=London&rft.pages=165&rft.pub=Sphere+Books&rft.date=1977&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrigins+of+World+War+II+%28game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson1975" class="citation book cs1">Jackson, John (1975). <i>A Player's Guide to Table Games</i>. Harrisbug PA: Stackpole Books. pp. <span class="nowrap">245–</span>246. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8117-1902-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-8117-1902-2"><bdi>0-8117-1902-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Player%27s+Guide+to+Table+Games&rft.place=Harrisbug+PA&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E245-%3C%2Fspan%3E246&rft.pub=Stackpole+Books&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=0-8117-1902-2&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrigins+of+World+War+II+%28game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreeman1979" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jon_Freeman_(game_designer)" title="Jon Freeman (game designer)">Freeman, Jon</a> (1979). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Playboy_Winner%27s_Guide_to_Board_Games" title="The Playboy Winner's Guide to Board Games">The Playboy Winner's Guide to Board Games</a></i>. Chicago: Playboy Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">14–</span>15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0872165620" title="Special:BookSources/0872165620"><bdi>0872165620</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Playboy+Winner%27s+Guide+to+Board+Games&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E14-%3C%2Fspan%3E15&rft.pub=Playboy+Press&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=0872165620&rft.aulast=Freeman&rft.aufirst=Jon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrigins+of+World+War+II+%28game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gtsg-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gtsg_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller1980" class="citation book cs1">Miller, Harry (1980). "The Origins of World War II". In Horn, Robert E.; Cleaves, Ann (eds.). <i>The Guide to Simulations/Games for Education and Training</i>. Beverly Hills CA: Sage Publications. pp. <span class="nowrap">432–</span>433. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8039-1375-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8039-1375-3"><bdi>0-8039-1375-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Origins+of+World+War+II&rft.btitle=The+Guide+to+Simulations%2FGames+for+Education+and+Training&rft.place=Beverly+Hills+CA&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E432-%3C%2Fspan%3E433&rft.pub=Sage+Publications&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=0-8039-1375-3&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Harry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrigins+of+World+War+II+%28game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spotlightongames.com/list/reviews.html">"Index to Game Reviews in Magazines"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Index+to+Game+Reviews+in+Magazines&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspotlightongames.com%2Flist%2Freviews.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrigins+of+World+War+II+%28game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/board-game-origins-of-world-war-ii-the-avalon-hill-game-company/qAGYtio1mKWbSQ?hl=en">"Board game:Origins of World War II"</a>. <i>Google Arts & Culture</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-03-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Google+Arts+%26+Culture&rft.atitle=Board+game%3AOrigins+of+World+War+II&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fartsandculture.google.com%2Fasset%2Fboard-game-origins-of-world-war-ii-the-avalon-hill-game-company%2FqAGYtio1mKWbSQ%3Fhl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrigins+of+World+War+II+%28game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Origins_of_World_War_II_(game)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/2975"><i>Origins of World War II</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/BoardGameGeek" title="BoardGameGeek">BoardGameGeek</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080530203452/http://origins.fanwoodpress.com/community/">Former online play website</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Avalon_Hill" title="Template:Avalon Hill"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Avalon_Hill" title="Template talk:Avalon Hill"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Avalon_Hill" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Avalon Hill"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Avalon_Hill" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Avalon_Hill" title="Avalon Hill">Avalon Hill</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wargaming" class="mw-redirect" title="Wargaming">Wargames</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tactics_(game)" title="Tactics (game)">Tactics</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tactics_II" title="Tactics II">Tactics II</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gettysburg_(game)" title="Gettysburg (game)">Gettysburg</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chancellorsville_(game)" title="Chancellorsville (game)">Chancellorsville</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Civil_War_(board_game)" title="Civil War (board game)">Civil War</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D-Day_(game)" title="D-Day (game)">D-Day</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bismarck_(board_game)" title="Bismarck (board game)">Bismarck</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Afrika_Korps_(game)" title="Afrika Korps (game)">Afrika Korps</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stalingrad_(wargame)" title="Stalingrad (wargame)">Stalingrad</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Midway_(1964_game)" title="Midway (1964 game)">Midway</a></i> (1964)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blitzkrieg_(game)" title="Blitzkrieg (game)">Blitzkrieg</a></i> (1965)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jutland_(board_game)" title="Jutland (board game)">Jutland</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1914_(game)" title="1914 (game)">1914</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anzio_(game)" title="Anzio (game)">Anzio</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/PanzerBlitz" title="PanzerBlitz">PanzerBlitz</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Caesar_(board_game)" title="Caesar (board game)">Caesar</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Origins of World War II</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Outdoor_Survival" title="Outdoor Survival">Outdoor Survival</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richthofen%27s_War" title="Richthofen's War">Richthofen's War</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1776_(boardgame)" title="1776 (boardgame)">1776</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great_(board_game)" title="Alexander the Great (board game)">Alexander the Great</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panzer_Leader_(game)" title="Panzer Leader (game)">Panzer Leader</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rise_and_Decline_of_the_Third_Reich" title="Rise and Decline of the Third Reich">Rise and Decline of the Third Reich</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Russian_Campaign" title="The Russian Campaign">The Russian Campaign</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tobruk_(game)" title="Tobruk (game)">Tobruk</a></i> (1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wooden_Ships_and_Iron_Men" title="Wooden Ships and Iron Men">Wooden Ships and Iron Men</a></i> (1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(board_wargame)" title="Starship Troopers (board wargame)">Starship Troopers</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/War_at_Sea" title="War at Sea">War at Sea</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Air_Assault_on_Crete" title="Air Assault on Crete">Air Assault on Crete</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arab-Israeli_Wars_(game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab-Israeli Wars (game)">Arab-Israeli Wars</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hexagony" title="Hexagony">Hexagony</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_(board_game)" title="Napoleon (board game)">Napoleon</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Squad_Leader" title="Squad Leader">Squad Leader</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Victory_in_the_Pacific" title="Victory in the Pacific">Victory in the Pacific</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wizard%27s_Quest" title="Wizard's Quest">Wizard's Quest</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Longest_Day_(game)" title="The Longest Day (game)">The Longest Day</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/War_and_Peace_(game)" title="War and Peace (game)">War and Peace</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hitler%27s_War_(game)" title="Hitler's War (game)">Hitler's War</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Storm_Over_Arnhem" title="Storm Over Arnhem">Storm Over Arnhem</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panzer_Armee_Afrika_(board_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Panzer Armee Afrika (board game)">Panzer Armee Afrika</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/B-17,_Queen_of_the_Skies" title="B-17, Queen of the Skies">B-17, Queen of the Skies</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Up_Front_(game)" title="Up Front (game)">Up Front</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/White_Bear_and_Red_Moon" title="White Bear and Red Moon">White Bear and Red Moon</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panzergruppe_Guderian_(game)" title="Panzergruppe Guderian (game)">Panzergruppe Guderian</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Squad_Leader" title="Advanced Squad Leader">Advanced Squad Leader</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Empires_in_Arms" title="Empires in Arms">Empires in Arms</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Platoon_(boardgame)" class="mw-redirect" title="Platoon (boardgame)">Platoon</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Patton%27s_Best" title="Patton's Best">Patton's Best</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Turning_Point:_Stalingrad" title="Turning Point: Stalingrad">Turning Point: Stalingrad</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bulge_(1991_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Bulge (1991 game)">Battle of the Bulge</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Midway_(1991_game)" title="Midway (1991 game)">Midway</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Third_Reich" class="mw-redirect" title="Advanced Third Reich">Advanced Third Reich</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guadalcanal_(1992_game)" title="Guadalcanal (1992 game)">Guadalcanal</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/We_the_People_(boardgame)" title="We the People (boardgame)">We the People</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_the_Rising_Sun" title="Empire of the Rising Sun">Empire of the Rising Sun</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/London%27s_Burning_(game)" title="London's Burning (game)">London's Burning</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies" title="Axis & Allies">Axis & Allies</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_Cry_(game)" title="Battle Cry (game)">Battle Cry</a></i> (2000)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Axis_&amp;_Allies" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Axis & Allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies:_Europe" title="Axis & Allies: Europe">Axis & Allies: Europe</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies:_Pacific" title="Axis & Allies: Pacific">Axis & Allies: Pacific</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies:_D-Day" title="Axis & Allies: D-Day">Axis & Allies: D-Day</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies_Miniatures" title="Axis & Allies Miniatures">Axis & Allies Miniatures</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies:_Battle_of_the_Bulge" title="Axis & Allies: Battle of the Bulge">Axis & Allies: Battle of the Bulge</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies_Naval_Miniatures:_War_at_Sea" title="Axis & Allies Naval Miniatures: War at Sea">Axis & Allies Naval Miniatures: War at Sea</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies:_Guadalcanal" title="Axis & Allies: Guadalcanal">Axis & Allies: Guadalcanal</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies:_Europe_1940" title="Axis & Allies: Europe 1940">Axis & Allies: Europe 1940</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies:_Pacific_1940" title="Axis & Allies: Pacific 1940">Axis & Allies: Pacific 1940</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_%26_Allies:_World_War_I_1914" title="Axis & Allies: World War I 1914">Axis & Allies: World War I 1914</a></i> (2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Avalon_hill_peak_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Avalon_hill_peak_logo.png/80px-Avalon_hill_peak_logo.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Avalon_hill_peak_logo.png/120px-Avalon_hill_peak_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Avalon_hill_peak_logo.png/160px-Avalon_hill_peak_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="214" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Role-playing_game" title="Role-playing game">Role-playing games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Victory_Games" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Victory Games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/James_Bond_007_(role-playing_game)" title="James Bond 007 (role-playing game)">James Bond 007</a></i> (1983)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lords_of_Creation_(role-playing_game)" title="Lords of Creation (role-playing game)">Lords of Creation</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Powers_%26_Perils" title="Powers & Perils">Powers & Perils</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RuneQuest" title="RuneQuest">RuneQuest</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tales_from_the_Floating_Vagabond" title="Tales from the Floating Vagabond">Tales from the Floating Vagabond</a></i> (1991)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Computer_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer game">Computer games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><i><a href="/wiki/B-1_Nuclear_Bomber" title="B-1 Nuclear Bomber">B-1 Nuclear Bomber</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Computer_Acquire" title="Computer Acquire">Computer Acquire</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lords_of_Karma" title="Lords of Karma">Lords of Karma</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Midway_Campaign" title="Midway Campaign">Midway Campaign</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Convoy_Raider" title="North Atlantic Convoy Raider">North Atlantic Convoy Raider</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Planet_Miners" title="Planet Miners">Planet Miners</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/NukeWar" class="mw-redirect" title="NukeWar">NukeWar</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conflict_2500" title="Conflict 2500">Conflict 2500</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_the_Over-Mind" title="Empire of the Over-Mind">Empire of the Over-Mind</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_(video_game)" title="Galaxy (video game)">Galaxy</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_I_(video_game)" title="Voyager I (video game)">Voyager I</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alien_(Avalon_Hill)" title="Alien (Avalon Hill)">The Alien</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_Conquest" title="Andromeda Conquest">Andromeda Conquest</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Legionnaire_(video_game)" title="Legionnaire (video game)">Legionnaire</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Telengard" title="Telengard">Telengard</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Computer_Football_Strategy" title="Computer Football Strategy">Computer Football Strategy</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panzer-Jagd" title="Panzer-Jagd">Panzer-Jagd</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Strike_(video_game)" title="Gulf Strike (video game)">Gulf Strike</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Incunabula_(video_game)" title="Incunabula (video game)">Incunabula</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_Mission_1999" title="Jupiter Mission 1999">Jupiter Mission 1999</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quest_of_the_Space_Beagle" title="Quest of the Space Beagle">Quest of the Space Beagle</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Cowboy_(video_game)" title="Space Cowboy (video game)">Space Cowboy</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Under_Southern_Skies_(video_game)" title="Under Southern Skies (video game)">Under Southern Skies</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Under_Fire!" title="Under Fire!">Under Fire!</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Darkhorn:_Realm_of_the_Warlords" title="Darkhorn: Realm of the Warlords">Darkhorn: Realm of the Warlords</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guderian_(video_game)" title="Guderian (video game)">Guderian</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wooden_Ships_and_Iron_Men_(video_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wooden Ships and Iron Men (video game)">Wooden Ships and Iron Men</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/5th_Fleet_(video_game)" title="5th Fleet (video game)">5th Fleet</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Flight_Commander_2" title="Flight Commander 2">Flight Commander 2</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Crusader_(video_game)" title="Operation Crusader (video game)">Operation Crusader</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kingmaker_(video_game)" title="Kingmaker (video game)">Kingmaker</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1830:_Railroads_%26_Robber_Barons" title="1830: Railroads & Robber Barons">1830: Railroads & Robber Barons</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D-Day:_America_Invades" title="D-Day: America Invades">D-Day: America Invades</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/World_at_War:_Stalingrad" title="World at War: Stalingrad">World at War: Stalingrad</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avalon_Hill%27s_Advanced_Civilization" title="Avalon Hill's Advanced Civilization">Avalon Hill's Advanced Civilization</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Over_the_Reich" title="Over the Reich">Over the Reich</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wooden_Ships_and_Iron_Men_(1996_video_game)" title="Wooden Ships and Iron Men (1996 video game)">Wooden Ships and Iron Men</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Achtung_Spitfire!" title="Achtung Spitfire!">Achtung Spitfire!</a></i> (1997)</li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Board games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Management_(game)" title="Management (game)">Management</a></i> (1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Squander" title="Squander">Squander</a></i> (1965)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kingmaker_(board_game)" title="Kingmaker (board game)">Kingmaker</a></i> (1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Acquire" title="Acquire">Acquire</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Diplomacy_(game)" title="Diplomacy (game)">Diplomacy</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/TwixT" title="TwixT">TwixT</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rail_Baron" title="Rail Baron">Rail Baron</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Speed_Circuit" title="Speed Circuit">Speed Circuit</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bowl_Bound" title="Bowl Bound">Bowl Bound</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dune_(board_game)" title="Dune (board game)">Dune</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Magic_Realm" title="Magic Realm">Magic Realm</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Source_of_the_Nile_(board_game)" title="Source of the Nile (board game)">Source of the Nile</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Circus_Maximus_(game)" title="Circus Maximus (game)">Circus Maximus</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Civilization_(1980_board_game)" title="Civilization (1980 board game)">Civilization</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Machiavelli_(board_game)" title="Machiavelli (board game)">Machiavelli</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amoeba_Wars" title="Amoeba Wars">Amoeba Wars</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conquistador_(game)" title="Conquistador (game)">Conquistador</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paydirt_(game)" title="Paydirt (game)">Paydirt</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Titan_(board_game)" title="Titan (board game)">Titan</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wizards_(board_game)" title="Wizards (board game)">Wizards</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mystic_Wood" title="The Mystic Wood">The Mystic Wood</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1830:_The_Game_of_Railroads_and_Robber_Barons" title="1830: The Game of Railroads and Robber Barons">1830: The Game of Railroads and Robber Barons</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Britannia_(board_game)" title="Britannia (board game)">Britannia</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kremlin_(board_game)" title="Kremlin (board game)">Kremlin</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Merchant_of_Venus" title="Merchant of Venus">Merchant of Venus</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Rome_(game)" title="Republic of Rome (game)">Republic of Rome</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Civilization" title="Advanced Civilization">Advanced Civilization</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_World_(board_game)" title="History of the World (board game)">History of the World</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Renaissance" title="Age of Renaissance">Age of Renaissance</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Air_Baron" title="Air Baron">Air Baron</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stratego:_Legends" title="Stratego: Legends">Stratego: Legends</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Encounter" title="Cosmic Encounter">Cosmic Encounter</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_%E2%80%93_The_Queen%27s_Gambit" class="mw-redirect" title="Star Wars – The Queen's Gambit">Star Wars – The Queen's Gambit</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Risk_2210_A.D." title="Risk 2210 A.D.">Risk 2210 A.D.</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Betrayal_at_House_on_the_Hill" title="Betrayal at House on the Hill">Betrayal at House on the Hill</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Risk_Godstorm" title="Risk Godstorm">Risk Godstorm</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Monsters_Menace_America" title="Monsters Menace America">Monsters Menace America</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nexus_Ops" title="Nexus Ops">Nexus Ops</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RoboRally" title="RoboRally">RoboRally</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vegas_Showdown" title="Vegas Showdown">Vegas Showdown</a></i> (2005)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Card_games" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Card games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Down_with_the_King_(game)" title="Down with the King (game)">Down with the King</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Enemy_in_Sight_(card_game)" title="Enemy in Sight (card game)">Enemy in Sight</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Titan:_The_Arena" title="Titan: The Arena">Titan: The Arena</a></i> (1997)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magazines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_General_(magazine)" title="The General (magazine)">The General</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_S._Roberts" title="Charles S. Roberts">Charles S. Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Dott" title="Eric Dott">Eric Dott</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hasbro" title="Hasbro">Hasbro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wizards_of_the_Coast" title="Wizards of the Coast">Wizards of the Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Avalon_Hill_games" title="List of Avalon Hill games">List of Avalon Hill games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1263913190">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}.mw-parser-output :not(p):not(.asbox)+style+.asbox,.mw-parser-output :not(p):not(.asbox)+link+.asbox{margin-top:3em}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Project_Package_games_board.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Stub icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Crystal_Project_Package_games_board.png/30px-Crystal_Project_Package_games_board.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Crystal_Project_Package_games_board.png/45px-Crystal_Project_Package_games_board.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Crystal_Project_Package_games_board.png/60px-Crystal_Project_Package_games_board.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></a></span></td><td><p class="asbox-body">This <a href="/wiki/Board_game" title="Board game">board game</a>-related article or section is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub" title="Wikipedia:Stub">stub</a>. 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