CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="tg" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Карл Фридрих Гаусс — Википедия</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )tgwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy" ,"wgMonthNames":["","Январ","Феврал","Март","Апрел","Май","Июн","Июл","август","сентябр","Октябр","ноябр","Декабр"],"wgRequestId":"d9f28790-e179-4f3a-b2f9-590760fd933e","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Карл_Фридрих_Гаусс","wgTitle":"Карл Фридрих Гаусс","wgCurRevisionId":1275127,"wgRevisionId":1275127,"wgArticleId":277481,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Википедия:Мақолаҳои бо сарчашма аз Викидода","Мақолаҳое, ки бар асоси маводи ЭМТ навишта шудаанд","Саҳифаҳои дорои пайванди сеҳрноки ISBN","Pages using the JsonConfig extension","Зодагони 30 апрел","Зодагони соли 1777","Даргузаштагони 23 феврал", "Даргузаштагони соли 1855","Википедия:Статьи со ссылками на элементы Викиданных без русской подписи","Шахсиятҳо аз рӯи алифбо","Олимон аз рӯи алифбо","Зодагони Брауншвейг","Даргузаштагони Гёттинген","Риёзидонон аз рӯи алифбо","Риёзидонони Олмон","Риёзидонони асри XIX","Механикон аз рӯи алифбо","Механикони Олмон","Механикони асри XIX","Физикдонон аз рӯи алифбо","Физикдонони Олмон","Физикдонони асри XIX","Ахтаршиносон аз рӯи алифбо","Ахтаршиносони Олмон","Ахтаршиносони асри XIX"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"tg","wgPageContentLanguage":"tg","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Карл_Фридрих_Гаусс", "wgRelevantArticleId":277481,"wgUserVariant":"tg","wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"tg","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"tg"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q6722","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true, "wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.collapserefs","ext.gadget.directLinkToCommons","ext.gadget.logo","ext.gadget.edittop","ext.gadget.blpEditNotice","ext.gadget.wikibugs","ext.gadget.sidebarRelated", "ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=tg&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=tg&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=tg&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=tg&modules=noscript&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"></noscript> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1544"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss.jpg/800px-Carl_Friedrich_Gauss.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1029"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss.jpg/640px-Carl_Friedrich_Gauss.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="824"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Карл Фридрих Гаусс — Википедия"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//tg.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="вироиш" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Википедиа (tg)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//tg.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="tg" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="tg-Latn" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&variant=tg-latn"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.tg"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Барои Википедиа Atom Хабархон" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Карл_Фридрих_Гаусс rootpage-Карл_Фридрих_Гаусс skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Оғоза" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Оғоза</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Оғоза</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">Пинҳон кардан</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Гаштан </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D3%A3" title="Бозгашт ба саҳифаи аслӣ [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Саҳифаи аслӣ</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%92%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Дар бораи лоиҳа ва чи корҳоро метавонед кард"><span>Вуруди корбарон</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D2%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Ёфтани иттилооти пешзамина перомуни рӯйдодҳои кунунӣ"><span>Рӯйдодҳои кунунӣ</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Рӯйхати тағйиротҳо дар Википедия [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Тағйироти охирин</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%84%D3%A3" title="Овардани як саҳифаи тасодуфӣ [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Саҳифаҳои тасодуфӣ</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Гузаштан ба Роҳнамо."><span>Роҳнамо</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D3%A3" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Википедиа" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-tg.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="донишномаи озод" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-tg.svg" width="120" height="12" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D2%B6%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D2%B7%D3%AF" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Ҷустуҷӯ дар Википедиа [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Ҷустуҷӯ</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Ҷустуҷӯ дар Википедиа" aria-label="Ҷустуҷӯ дар Википедиа" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Ҷустуҷӯ дар Википедиа [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Вижа:Ҷустуҷӯ"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Ҷустуҷӯ</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Абзорҳои шахсӣ"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Зоҳир"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Зоҳир" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Зоҳир</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tg.wikipedia.org&uselang=tg" class=""><span>Кумаки молӣ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D3%A3&returnto=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB+%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81" title="Мо ба шумо пешниҳод мекунем, то ҳисоб эҷод намоед ва ба система вортд шавед, ин ҳатмӣ нест" class=""><span>Эҷоди ҳисоб</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%92%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4&returnto=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB+%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81" title="Тавсия мешавад ки ба система ворид шавед, лекин маҷбурӣ нест. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Вуруд</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Абзорҳои шахсӣ" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Абзорҳои шахсӣ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tg.wikipedia.org&uselang=tg"><span>Кумаки молӣ</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D3%A3&returnto=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB+%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81" title="Мо ба шумо пешниҳод мекунем, то ҳисоб эҷод намоед ва ба система вортд шавед, ин ҳатмӣ нест"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Эҷоди ҳисоб</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%92%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4&returnto=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB+%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81" title="Тавсия мешавад ки ба система ворид шавед, лекин маҷбурӣ нест. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Вуруд</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Саҳмгузориҳо</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%B3%D1%81%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Баҳси пиромуни вироишҳо аз ин нишонаи IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Баҳс</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Муҳтавоҳо" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Муҳтавоҳо</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Пинҳон кардан</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Ибтидо</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Зиндагинома" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Зиндагинома"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Зиндагинома</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Зиндагинома-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Риёзиёт" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Риёзиёт"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Риёзиёт</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Риёзиёт-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ахтаршиносӣ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ахтаршиносӣ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ахтаршиносӣ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ахтаршиносӣ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Заминсанҷӣ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Заминсанҷӣ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Заминсанҷӣ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Заминсанҷӣ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Адабиёт" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Адабиёт"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Адабиёт</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Адабиёт-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Пайвандҳо" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Пайвандҳо"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Пайвандҳо</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Пайвандҳо-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Сарчашма" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Сарчашма"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Сарчашма</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Сарчашма-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Муҳтавоҳо" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Карл Фридрих Гаусс</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 154 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-154" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">154 забон</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F" title="Carl Friedrich Gauß – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauß" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%8B%E1%8B%8D%E1%88%B5" title="ጋውስ – амҳарӣ" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጋውስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амҳарӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B4_%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3" title="كارل فريدريش غاوس – арабӣ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كارل فريدريش غاوس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3" title="جاوس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جاوس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%96_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%9B" title="কাৰ্ল ফ্ৰিডৰিখ গাউছ – ассомӣ" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কাৰ্ল ফ্ৰিডৰিখ গাউছ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ассомӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Fridrix_Qauss" title="Karl Fridrix Qauss – озарбойҷонӣ" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Karl Fridrix Qauss" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="озарбойҷонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3" title="یوهان فردریک قاوس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یوهان فردریک قاوس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81" title="Карл Фридрих Гаусс – бошқирдӣ" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Карл Фридрих Гаусс" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="бошқирдӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karls_Fr%C4%ABdr%C4%97ks_Gausos" title="Karls Frīdrėks Gausos – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Karls Frīdrėks Gausos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81" title="Карл Фрыдрых Гаус – белорусӣ" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Карл Фрыдрых Гаус" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81" title="Карл Фрыдрых Гаўс – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Карл Фрыдрых Гаўс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81" title="Карл Фридрих Гаус – булғорӣ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Карл Фридрих Гаус" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="булғорӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B8" title="कार्ल फ्रेडरिक गॉस – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कार्ल फ्रेडरिक गॉस" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E2%80%8C%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B8" title="কার্ল ফ্রিড‌রিশ গাউস – бинғолӣ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কার্ল ফ্রিড‌রিশ গাউস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бинғолӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – бретонӣ" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F" title="Carl Friedrich Gauß – босниягӣ" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauß" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босниягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F" title="Carl Friedrich Gauß – каталонӣ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauß" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81,_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85" title="Гаусс, Карл Фридрих – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Гаусс, Карл Фридрих" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – себуано" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуано" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%B5_%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4_%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3" title="کارڵ فریدریش گاوس – курдии марказӣ" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کارڵ فریدریش گاوس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="курдии марказӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – чехӣ" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чехӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81,_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85" title="Гаусс, Карл Фридрих – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Гаусс, Карл Фридрих" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – валлӣ" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – даниягӣ" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="даниягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="мақолаҳои хуб"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F" title="Carl Friedrich Gauß – немисӣ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauß" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немисӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%86%DE%A7%DE%8D%DE%B0_%DE%8A%DE%B0%DE%83%DE%A9%DE%8B%DE%B0%DE%83%DE%A9%DE%9D%DE%B0_%DE%8E%DE%A6%DE%87%DE%AA%DE%90%DE%B0" title="ކާލް ފްރީދްރީޝް ގައުސް – дивеҳӣ" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ކާލް ފްރީދްރީޝް ގައުސް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="дивеҳӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BB_%CE%A6%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%87_%CE%93%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82" title="Καρλ Φρίντριχ Γκάους – юнонӣ" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καρλ Φρίντριχ Γκάους" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="юнонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="мақолаҳои хуб"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Англисӣ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Англисӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – испанӣ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – эстонӣ" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – баскӣ" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4_%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3" title="کارل فریدریش گاوس – форсӣ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کارل فریدریش گاوس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="форсӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – фулаҳ" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="фулаҳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="мақолаҳои хуб"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – финӣ" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussi_Carl_Friedrich" title="Gaussi Carl Friedrich – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Gaussi Carl Friedrich" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – фарерӣ" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="фарерӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – франсузӣ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="франсузӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F" title="Carl Friedrich Gauß – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauß" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – фризии ғарбӣ" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="фризии ғарбӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – ирландӣ" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%96%AF" title="高斯 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="高斯" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – галисиягӣ" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисиягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – гуаранӣ" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуаранӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – ҳауса" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="ҳауса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%9C_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9A_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1" title="קרל פרידריך גאוס – ибронӣ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קרל פרידריך גאוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ибронӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B8" title="कार्ल फ्रेडरिक गाउस – ҳиндӣ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कार्ल फ्रेडरिक गाउस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ҳиндӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – хорватӣ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – гаитии креолӣ" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаитии креолӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="мақолаҳои баргузида"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – маҷорӣ" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="маҷорӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%AC_%D4%B3%D5%A1%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD" title="Կառլ Գաուս – арманӣ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կառլ Գաուս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="арманӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Байни забонӣ" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Байни забонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – индонезӣ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – исландӣ" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – италиявӣ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиявӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E3%83%AA%E3%83%92%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AC%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9" title="カール・フリードリヒ・ガウス – японӣ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カール・フリードリヒ・ガウス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/karl.fridrix.gaus" title="karl.fridrix.gaus – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="karl.fridrix.gaus" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Ҷаванизӣ" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Ҷаванизӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="мақолаҳои баргузида"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%AE_%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="კარლ ფრიდრიხ გაუსი – гурҷӣ" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კარლ ფრიდრიხ გაუსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="гурҷӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Fridrix_Gauss" title="Karl Fridrix Gauss – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Karl Fridrix Gauss" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81" title="Карл Фридрих Гаусс – қазоқӣ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Карл Фридрих Гаусс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="қазоқӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9A%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಜೊಹಾನ್ ಕಾರ್ಲ್ ಫ್ರೆಡ್ರಿಚ್ ಗಾಸ್ – каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜೊಹಾನ್ ಕಾರ್ಲ್ ಫ್ರೆಡ್ರಿಚ್ ಗಾಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC_%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88_%EA%B0%80%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="카를 프리드리히 가우스 – кореягӣ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카를 프리드리히 가우스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="кореягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81" title="Карл Фридрих Гаусс – қирғизӣ" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Карл Фридрих Гаусс" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="қирғизӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus_Fridericus_Gauss" title="Carolus Fridericus Gauss – лотинӣ" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Carolus Fridericus Gauss" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="лотинӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F" title="Carl Friedrich Gauß – люксембургӣ" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauß" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – литвонӣ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%81rlis_Fr%C4%ABdrihs_Gauss" title="Kārlis Frīdrihs Gauss – латишӣ" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kārlis Frīdrihs Gauss" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латишӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – малагасӣ" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81" title="Карл Фридрих Гаус – мақдунӣ" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Карл Фридрих Гаус" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="мақдунӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BE_%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="കാൾ ഫ്രെഡറിക് ഗോസ്സ് – малаяламӣ" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കാൾ ഫ്രെഡറിക് ഗോസ്സ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаяламӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81" title="Карл Фридрих Гаусс – муғулӣ" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Карл Фридрих Гаусс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="муғулӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B8" title="कार्ल फ्रीदरिश गाउस – маратҳӣ" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कार्ल फ्रीदरिश गाउस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратҳӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – малайӣ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – малтӣ" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="малтӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%96%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%92%E1%80%9B%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%82%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AB%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="ကားလ် ဖရီးဒရစ် ဂေါက် – бирманӣ" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကားလ် ဖရီးဒရစ် ဂေါက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирманӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4_%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3" title="کارل فریدریش گاوس – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کارل فریدریش گاوس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F" title="Carl Friedrich Gauß – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauß" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9A_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B8" title="कार्ल फ्राइडरिच गस – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="कार्ल फ्राइडरिच गस" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – голландӣ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="голландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – окситанӣ" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaarli_Firidiriish_Gaawus" title="Kaarli Firidiriish Gaawus – оромо" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Kaarli Firidiriish Gaawus" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="оромо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC_%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8C%E0%A8%B8" title="ਕਾਰਲ ਫ਼ਰੀਡਰਿਸ਼ ਗੌਸ – панҷобӣ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਾਰਲ ਫ਼ਰੀਡਰਿਸ਼ ਗੌਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панҷобӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – лаҳистонӣ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="лаҳистонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%88%D8%B1%DA%A9_%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%A4%D8%B3" title="کارل فریڈرک گاؤس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کارل فریڈرک گاؤس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4_%DA%AB%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3" title="کارل فریدریش ګاوس – пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کارل فریدریش ګاوس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – португалӣ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – руминӣ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="руминӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81,_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85" title="Гаусс, Карл Фридрих – русӣ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гаусс, Карл Фридрих" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="русӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%96%D1%85_%D2%90%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81" title="Карл Фрідріх Ґаус – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Карл Фрідріх Ґаус" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="कार्ल फ्राइडरिक गास – санскрит" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="कार्ल फ्राइडरिक गास" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka%E1%B9%9Bl_Fridiritc_Guss" title="Kaṛl Fridiritc Guss – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Kaṛl Fridiritc Guss" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%86%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A" title="කාල් ෆ්‍රෙඩ්රික් ගවුස් – сингалӣ" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කාල් ෆ්‍රෙඩ්රික් ගවුස්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сингалӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F" title="Carl Friedrich Gauß – словакӣ" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauß" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словакӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – словенӣ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – албанӣ" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81" title="Карл Фридрих Гаус – сербӣ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Карл Фридрих Гаус" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – шведӣ" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D" title="கார்ல் பிரீடிரிக் காஸ் – тамилӣ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கார்ல் பிரீடிரிக் காஸ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="కార్ల్ ఫ్రెడెరిక్ గాస్ – телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కార్ల్ ఫ్రెడెరిక్ గాస్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A5_%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8A_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C" title="คาร์ล ฟรีดริช เกาส์ – тайӣ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คาร์ล ฟรีดริช เกาส์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Fredrih_Gauss" title="Karl Fredrih Gauss – туркманӣ" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Karl Fredrih Gauss" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="туркманӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – туркӣ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="туркӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Fridrix_Gauss" title="Karl Fridrix Gauss – тоторӣ" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Karl Fridrix Gauss" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="тоторӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%87%D8%B3" title="گائۇس – ӯйғурӣ" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="گائۇس" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ӯйғурӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81" title="Карл Фрідріх Гаусс – украинӣ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Карл Фрідріх Гаусс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%88%D8%B1%DA%A9_%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%A4%D8%B3" title="کارل فریڈرک گاؤس – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کارل فریڈرک گاؤس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Fridrix_Gauss" title="Karl Fridrix Gauss – ӯзбекӣ" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Karl Fridrix Gauss" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ӯзбекӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss_Karl_Fridrih" title="Gauss Karl Fridrih – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Gauss Karl Fridrih" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F" title="Carl Friedrich Gauß – ветнамӣ" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauß" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ветнамӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E9%AB%98%E6%96%AF" title="卡尔·弗里德里希·高斯 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="卡尔·弗里德里希·高斯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81" title="Карл Фридрих Гаусс – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Карл Фридрих Гаусс" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%AE_%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="კარლ ფრიდრიხ გაუსი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კარლ ფრიდრიხ გაუსი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9C_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9A_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1" title="קארל פרידריך גאוס – идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קארל פרידריך גאוס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="мақолаҳои хуб"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss" title="Carl Friedrich Gauss – йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauss" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E9%AB%98%E6%96%AF" title="卡爾·弗里德里希·高斯 – хитоӣ" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="卡爾·弗里德里希·高斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="хитоӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%96%AF" title="高斯 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="高斯" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F" title="Carl Friedrich Gauß – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Carl Friedrich Gauß" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E9%AB%98%E6%96%AF" title="卡爾·弗里德里希·高斯 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="卡爾·弗里德里希·高斯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6722#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Таҳрири пайвандҳои байнизабонӣ" class="wbc-editpage">Вироиши пайвандҳо</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Фазоҳои ном"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81" title="Намоиши таркиби саҳифа [c]" accesskey="c"><span>мақола</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%B3%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Баҳси матни таркибии ин саҳифа (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>мубоҳисавӣ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">кирилликӣ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-tg mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&variant=tg" lang="tg" hreflang="tg"><span>кирилликӣ</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-tg-Latn mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&variant=tg-latn" lang="tg-Latn" hreflang="tg-Latn"><span>lotinī</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Назарот"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81"><span>Хондан</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&veaction=edit" title="Вироиши ин саҳифа [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Вироиш</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&action=edit" title="Вироиши манбаъи ин саҳифа [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Вироиши манбаъ</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&action=history" title="Нусхаи охирини ин саҳифа. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Намоиши таърих</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ҷаъбаи абзор" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ҷаъбаи абзор</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Абзорҳо</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">Пинҳон кардан</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81"><span>Хондан</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&veaction=edit" title="Вироиши ин саҳифа [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Вироиш</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&action=edit" title="Вироиши манбаъи ин саҳифа [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Вироиши манбаъ</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&action=history"><span>Намоиши таърих</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Умумӣ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D2%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D2%B7%D0%BE/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81" title="Рӯйхати ҳамаи саҳифаҳое, ки ба ин саҳифа пайванд доранд [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Пайвандҳо ба ин саҳифа</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81" rel="nofollow" title="Тағйироти охир ин саҳифаҳое, ки ин саҳифа ба онҳо пайванд дорад [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Тағйироти монандӣ</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=tg" title="Фиристодани аксҳо ё медиа-файлҳо [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Фиристодани парванда</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Рӯйхати ҳамаи саҳифаҳои вижа [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Саҳифаҳои вижа</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&oldid=1275127" title="Пайванди доимӣ ба ин нусха аз ин саҳифа"><span>Пайванди доимӣ</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Иттилооти саҳифа</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:CiteThisPage&page=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&id=1275127&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Ёд кардани пайванди ин мақола</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftg.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BB_%25D0%25A4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2585_%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D1%2583%25D1%2581%25D1%2581"><span>Гирифтани URL-и кӯтоҳшуда</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftg.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BB_%25D0%25A4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2585_%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D1%2583%25D1%2581%25D1%2581"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&action=show-download-screen"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="Нусхаи чопии ин саҳифа [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Нусхаи чопӣ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дигар лоиҳаҳо </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Johann_Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F" hreflang="en"><span>Викианбор</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6722" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Элементи Викидода</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Зоҳир"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Зоҳир</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Пинҳон кардан</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Мавод аз Википедиа — донишномаи озод</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tg" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox infobox-ae0ec65cdeb22513 vcard" style="" data-name="Олим"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-above fn" style="background:#eaecf0;"><center>Карл Фридрих Гаусс</center></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="nickname" style="text-align:center; font-style:normal;"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$714c91d8-4187-9890-2af8-09247e893285" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P1559[LANGUAGE!:TG]"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Забони олмонӣ">олмонӣ</a>: <i><span lang="de">Carl Friedrich Gauß</span></i></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="align:center"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q6722$8EF7214D-E55B-4824-9278-3324D38087D1" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P18"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81:Carl_Friedrich_Gauss.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss.jpg/274px-Carl_Friedrich_Gauss.jpg" decoding="async" width="274" height="353" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss.jpg/411px-Carl_Friedrich_Gauss.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss.jpg/548px-Carl_Friedrich_Gauss.jpg 2x" data-file-width="917" data-file-height="1180" /></a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="plainlist">Таърихи таваллуд</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q6722$26AD4DF1-40A9-42A6-BCA2-5DA21FC741EE" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P569"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/30_%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="30 апрел">30 апрел</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1777" title="Соли 1777">1777</a></span><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1777-04-30</span>)</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-_1e7299a0dd2b58ff_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_1e7299a0dd2b58ff-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-_669c463cc77e4f07_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_669c463cc77e4f07-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-_c840ca2a633408b0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_c840ca2a633408b0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6722#P569" class="extiw" title="d:Q6722">[…]</a></sup></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="plainlist">Зодгоҳ</th> <td class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="q6722$0372CF0B-C673-4BB1-936E-BE1C66CADAD0" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P19"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B3&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q2773&preloadparams%5B%5D=%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B3&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">Брауншвейг</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2773" class="extiw" title="d:Q2773">[d]</a></sup></span>, <span data-wikidata-hash="70182e860dc3b7c540066001e6f392ff716f9450" class="wikidata-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brunswick-Wolfenb%C3%BCttel&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q830084&preloadparams%5B%5D=Brunswick-Wolfenb%C3%BCttel&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830084" class="extiw" title="d:Q830084">[d]</a></sup></span>, <span data-wikidata-hash="1a3215f93c2ae7d06f17c76aa960547bbd849ffb" class="wikidata-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%9C%D1%83%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8+%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q12548&preloadparams%5B%5D=%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%9C%D1%83%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8+%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">Имперотурии Муқаддаси Рум</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12548" class="extiw" title="d:Q12548">[d]</a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-_669738f13f86082e_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_669738f13f86082e-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-_669c463cc77e4f07_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_669c463cc77e4f07-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-_7849b04c805086d1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_7849b04c805086d1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li></ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="plainlist">Таърихи даргузашт</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q6722$595055D1-12A7-4226-A332-4E826539ADC6" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P570"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/23_%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="23 феврал">23 феврал</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1855" title="Соли 1855">1855</a></span><span style="display:none">(<span class="dday">1855-02-23</span>)</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-_1e7299a0dd2b58ff_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_1e7299a0dd2b58ff-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-_669c463cc77e4f07_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_669c463cc77e4f07-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-_c840ca2a633408b0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_c840ca2a633408b0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6722#P570" class="extiw" title="d:Q6722">[…]</a></sup> <span style="white-space:nowrap;">(77 сол)</span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="plainlist">Маҳалли даргузашт</th> <td class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="q6722$D92A9C14-14E3-4319-8A3E-577E8F0FB6FB" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P20"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G%C3%B6ttingen&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q3033&preloadparams%5B%5D=G%C3%B6ttingen&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">Göttingen</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3033" class="extiw" title="d:Q3033">[d]</a></sup></span>, <span data-wikidata-hash="99fe20c31e877b007a75c6f5d875c0c537dabefa" class="wikidata-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D2%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Подшоҳии Ҳаннофер">Подшоҳии Ҳаннофер</a></span>, <span data-wikidata-hash="ea2069d23bdd5d223661cda42cd51ac3ca40478f" class="wikidata-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8E%D0%BD%D0%B8+%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q151624&preloadparams%5B%5D=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8E%D0%BD%D0%B8+%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">Кунфедересиюни Олмон</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151624" class="extiw" title="d:Q151624">[d]</a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-_669738f13f86082e_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_669738f13f86082e-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-_669c463cc77e4f07_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_669c463cc77e4f07-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-_273681d01075b9f9_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_273681d01075b9f9-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6722#P20" class="extiw" title="d:Q6722">[…]</a></sup></span></li></ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="plainlist">Кишвар</th> <td class="adr plainlist"> <ul><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$aa3e20be-4712-40b0-2090-6d703512e8d1" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P27"><span class="country-name"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Confederation+of+the+Rhine&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q154741&preloadparams%5B%5D=Confederation+of+the+Rhine&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">Confederation of the Rhine</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154741" class="extiw" title="d:Q154741">[d]</a></sup></span></span></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$04E75448-8477-412F-B580-ACD56FC791E7" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P27"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81:Flag_of_Hanover_1837-1866.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Hanover_1837-1866.svg/20px-Flag_of_Hanover_1837-1866.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Hanover_1837-1866.svg/30px-Flag_of_Hanover_1837-1866.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Hanover_1837-1866.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hanover_1837-1866.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <span class="country-name"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D2%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Подшоҳии Ҳаннофер">Подшоҳии Ҳаннофер</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-_1fc67e3224b229a3_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_1fc67e3224b229a3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-_1b4946a8d5723acd_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_1b4946a8d5723acd-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></span></li></ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="plainlist">Фазои илмӣ</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q6722$FB4D5AB7-645D-42A5-BB62-037063252596" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P101"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8+%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D2%B3%D0%BE&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q12479&preloadparams%5B%5D=%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8+%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D2%B3%D0%BE&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">назарияи ададҳо</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12479" class="extiw" title="d:Q12479">[d]</a></sup></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q6722$B8C861EE-9EC0-4E03-A934-B094B042D413" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P101"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Алгебра">алгебра</a></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q6722$C4AC268E-64C4-492F-B9FD-3D22748822B9" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P101"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D1%82%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%B7%D3%A3&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q7754&preloadparams%5B%5D=%D1%82%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%B7%D3%A3&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">таҳлили риёзӣ</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754" class="extiw" title="d:Q7754">[d]</a></sup></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q6722$70899161-4F72-438B-A96F-1DD1D18225C5" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P101"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Ҳандасаи дифференсиал">ҳандасаи дифференсиал</a></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q6722$8C0F0293-78AE-4E3C-B082-03276C7717F3" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P101"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=electrostatics&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q26336&preloadparams%5B%5D=electrostatics&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">electrostatics</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26336" class="extiw" title="d:Q26336">[d]</a></sup></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q6722$91851059-3CC3-497A-A720-E61517F9F67E" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P101"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика">нуршиносӣ</a></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$e828a41e-4426-505d-159e-532fe2f4a718" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P101"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%91%D1%82" title="Риёзиёт">риёзиёт</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-_c6918bbb26acb35c_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_c6918bbb26acb35c-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$aa77b42c-418f-26f1-d8ea-9f306b09baa7" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P101"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Механика">механика</a></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$5ec7294a-4830-6db9-3539-a20c9ffbec49" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P101"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Ахтаршиносӣ">ахтаршиносӣ</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-_c6918bbb26acb35c_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_c6918bbb26acb35c-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$d03873e1-4b27-974f-103e-431c9a96a8b3" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P101"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D2%B7%D3%A3" title="Заминсанҷӣ">заминсанҷӣ</a></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$B5C7B7BA-3CA9-45BF-974B-3751B66704B5" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P101"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика">физик</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-_c6918bbb26acb35c_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_c6918bbb26acb35c-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> ва <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$38DA65D7-AF31-449C-A96A-A8DC5642AFCF" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P101"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q11406&preloadparams%5B%5D=%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">электромагнетизм</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11406" class="extiw" title="d:Q11406">[d]</a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-_c6918bbb26acb35c_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_c6918bbb26acb35c-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="plainlist">Ҷойҳои кор</th> <td class="org plainlist"> <ul><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$9839BC7C-F084-40C3-A784-9A9BE95E8135" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P108"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B3%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D0%93%D1%91%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Донишгоҳи Гёттинген">Донишгоҳи Гёттинген</a></span></span></li></ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="plainlist">Дараҷаи илмӣ:</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P512" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$2ab8918a-4892-9e31-5242-0228329b944d"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8+%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q752297&preloadparams%5B%5D=%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8+%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">доктори фалсафа</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752297" class="extiw" title="d:Q752297">[d]</a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-_7333750f573186ff_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_7333750f573186ff-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> (<span data-wikidata-hash="8b2a826ec7b94b114ea712dbca4e51d7c93e031d" class="wikidata-snak"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1799" title="Соли 1799">1799</a></span></span>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Алма-матер">Алма-матер</a></th> <td class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="q6722$AEED3008-6282-485D-9A6B-BA042B223F29" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P69"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University+of+Helmstedt&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q314466&preloadparams%5B%5D=University+of+Helmstedt&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">University of Helmstedt</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q314466" class="extiw" title="d:Q314466">[d]</a></sup></span></span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$2DC239E1-A07E-4151-8492-413AA09D347A" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P69"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B3%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D0%93%D1%91%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Донишгоҳи Гёттинген">Донишгоҳи Гёттинген</a></span> (<span data-wikidata-hash="400b44c647efcd85ace678d3b92eb09199217b17" class="wikidata-snak"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1798" title="Соли 1798">1798</a></span></span>)</span></li><li><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$214A3548-F234-4EBB-AC19-EC1B3C58052F" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P69"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Technical+University+of+Braunschweig&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q734324&preloadparams%5B%5D=Technical+University+of+Braunschweig&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">Technical University of Braunschweig</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q734324" class="extiw" title="d:Q734324">[d]</a></sup></span></span></li></ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="plainlist">Роҳбари илмӣ</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$5029073E-345F-45E0-BF1A-367E2D5DA0EB" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P184"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Johann+Friedrich+Pfaff&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q77361&preloadparams%5B%5D=Johann+Friedrich+Pfaff&preloadparams%5B%5D=Шахс"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">Johann Friedrich Pfaff</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77361" class="extiw" title="d:Q77361">[d]</a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-_606a121861beabe1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_606a121861beabe1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="plainlist">Шогирдон</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$0006acd9-41c2-cbd6-010d-08ffa7be8581" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P802"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Farkas+Bolyai&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q252311&preloadparams%5B%5D=Farkas+Bolyai&preloadparams%5B%5D=Шахс"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">Farkas Bolyai</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252311" class="extiw" title="d:Q252311">[d]</a></sup></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$a0261213-4566-3a33-32c3-4332c427237b" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P802"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=August+Ferdinand+M%C3%B6bius&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q57335&preloadparams%5B%5D=August+Ferdinand+M%C3%B6bius&preloadparams%5B%5D=Шахс"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">August Ferdinand Möbius</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57335" class="extiw" title="d:Q57335">[d]</a></sup></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$0039baf6-4874-7f63-46ce-dc84b0a2cabe" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P802"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Johann+Peter+Gustav+Lejeune+Dirichlet&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q29193&preloadparams%5B%5D=Johann+Peter+Gustav+Lejeune+Dirichlet&preloadparams%5B%5D=Шахс"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29193" class="extiw" title="d:Q29193">[d]</a></sup></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$ccfae170-41cc-1c3c-3bba-954fde11a6f4" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P802"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gustav+Kirchhoff&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q60052&preloadparams%5B%5D=Gustav+Kirchhoff&preloadparams%5B%5D=Шахс"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">Gustav Kirchhoff</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60052" class="extiw" title="d:Q60052">[d]</a></sup></span></span>, <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$0f7993da-7526-4bc7-96d9-7443c5466255" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P802"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heinrich+Christian+Schumacher&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q63140&preloadparams%5B%5D=Heinrich+Christian+Schumacher&preloadparams%5B%5D=Шахс"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">Heinrich Christian Schumacher</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63140" class="extiw" title="d:Q63140">[d]</a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-_7333750f573186ff_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_7333750f573186ff-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> ва <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$fc6ca38d-d6f4-4ef2-b985-9b103e588d05" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P802"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gustaf+Svanberg&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q6197319&preloadparams%5B%5D=Gustaf+Svanberg&preloadparams%5B%5D=Шахс"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">Gustaf Svanberg</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6197319" class="extiw" title="d:Q6197319">[d]</a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-_7333750f573186ff_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-_7333750f573186ff-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="plainlist">Ҷоизаҳо</th> <td class="plainlist"> <div style="text-align:justify"><span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$8CB63F02-C0E9-4062-BFD1-DEBD1BE51E4A"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q565030" title="Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art"><img alt="Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/DE-BY_Der_Bayerische_Maximiliansorden_f%C3%BCr_Wissenschaft_und_Kunst_BAR.png/62px-DE-BY_Der_Bayerische_Maximiliansorden_f%C3%BCr_Wissenschaft_und_Kunst_BAR.png" decoding="async" width="62" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/DE-BY_Der_Bayerische_Maximiliansorden_f%C3%BCr_Wissenschaft_und_Kunst_BAR.png/95px-DE-BY_Der_Bayerische_Maximiliansorden_f%C3%BCr_Wissenschaft_und_Kunst_BAR.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/DE-BY_Der_Bayerische_Maximiliansorden_f%C3%BCr_Wissenschaft_und_Kunst_BAR.png/124px-DE-BY_Der_Bayerische_Maximiliansorden_f%C3%BCr_Wissenschaft_und_Kunst_BAR.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$D0DFD68C-3E84-44E6-A8DF-589414D021A4"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15056034" title="Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts order"><img alt="Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts order" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/D-PRU_Pour_le_Merite_1_BAR.svg/62px-D-PRU_Pour_le_Merite_1_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="62" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/D-PRU_Pour_le_Merite_1_BAR.svg/95px-D-PRU_Pour_le_Merite_1_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/D-PRU_Pour_le_Merite_1_BAR.svg/124px-D-PRU_Pour_le_Merite_1_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$6DAEACE2-CED5-428A-A98C-8D99EABE7634"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8+%D0%90%D0%BD%D2%B7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%A3&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q15631401&preloadparams%5B%5D=%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8+%D0%90%D0%BD%D2%B7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%A3&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">ҳамкори Анҷумани салатанатӣ</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15631401" class="extiw" title="d:Q15631401">[d]</a></sup></p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$77E19CFB-896F-46CC-AA46-E3ED07E2854E"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28003" title="Copley Medal"><img alt="Copley Medal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Copley_Medal_%28obverse%29.png/40px-Copley_Medal_%28obverse%29.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Copley_Medal_%28obverse%29.png/59px-Copley_Medal_%28obverse%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Copley_Medal_%28obverse%29.png/79px-Copley_Medal_%28obverse%29.png 2x" data-file-width="914" data-file-height="923" /></a></span></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$FEA8E43E-FA3C-4207-ACEF-1117C41D7E12"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D2%B7%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8+%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q627147&preloadparams%5B%5D=%D2%B7%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8+%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">ҷоизаи Лаланда</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627147" class="extiw" title="d:Q627147">[d]</a></sup> (<span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1809" title="Соли 1809">1809</a></span>)</p></span></span> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q6722$42FB0258-3E0A-4832-A689-B78456BE125A"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><p style="text-align:left"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fellow+of+the+American+Academy+of+Arts+and+Sciences&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q52382875&preloadparams%5B%5D=Fellow+of+the+American+Academy+of+Arts+and+Sciences&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52382875" class="extiw" title="d:Q52382875">[d]</a></sup></p></span></span></div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="plainlist">Имзо</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="q6722$BCCC5B90-51A1-41A8-800E-648111252D6D" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P109"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81:Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Имзо" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F_signature.svg/180px-Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F_signature.svg/270px-Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F_signature.svg/360px-Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="847" data-file-height="756" /></a></span></span></span></td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:1px solid #ddd; background:#eaeaea;;"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="q6722$401E5536-DFF9-4BF6-8577-BB37522F8642" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P373"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F" title="commons:Category:Carl Friedrich Gauß"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Carl_Friedrich_Gau%C3%9F" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Carl Friedrich Gauß">Парвандаҳо дар Викианбор</a></span></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Иоҳанн Карл Фридрих Гаусс</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Забони олмонӣ">олмонӣ</a>: <i><span lang="de">Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß</span></i>; <span class="nowrap"><span data-wikidata-property-id="P569" class="no-wikidata"><a href="/wiki/30_%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="30 апрел">30 апрел</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1777" title="Соли 1777">1777</a></span><span class="noprint" style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1777-04-30</span>)</span></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Брауншвейг (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Брауншвейг</a> — <a href="/wiki/23_%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="23 феврал">23 феврали</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1855" title="Соли 1855">1855</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%91%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гёттинген (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Гёттинген</a>) — <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Математика">риёзидон</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Механика">механик</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Физикдон">физикдон</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Ахтаршинос">ахтаршинос</a> ва <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D2%B7%D3%A3" title="Заминсанҷӣ">заминсанҷи</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Олмон">олмонӣ</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Боголюбов—1983——121—123_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Боголюбов—1983——121—123-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Барандаи Ҷоизаи Копли (1838), Узви Ҷамъияти Салатанатии Лондон (1804), Узви хориҷии хориҷии АИ Порис (1820)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ва АИ Суэд (1821), узви хориҷии мукотиба (1802) ва узви фахрии Академияи илмҳои Санкт-Петербург (1824). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Зиндагинома"><span id=".D0.97.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.B3.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.B0"></span>Зиндагинома</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Вироиши қисмат: Зиндагинома" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Зиндагинома"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81:Braunschweig_Brunswick_Geburtshaus_CF_Gauss_(1914).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Braunschweig_Brunswick_Geburtshaus_CF_Gauss_%281914%29.jpg/220px-Braunschweig_Brunswick_Geburtshaus_CF_Gauss_%281914%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Braunschweig_Brunswick_Geburtshaus_CF_Gauss_%281914%29.jpg/330px-Braunschweig_Brunswick_Geburtshaus_CF_Gauss_%281914%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Braunschweig_Brunswick_Geburtshaus_CF_Gauss_%281914%29.jpg/440px-Braunschweig_Brunswick_Geburtshaus_CF_Gauss_%281914%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="753" /></a><figcaption>Хонае, ки Гаусс таваллуд шудааст (нигоҳдорӣ нашудааст)</figcaption></figure><p>Солҳои 1795-98 дар Донишгоҳи Гёттинген таҳсил кардааст. Проф. Донишгоҳи Гёттинген (1807) ва ҳамзамон директори расадхонаи астрономии университети Гёттинген (1807-55). </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Риёзиёт"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B8.D1.91.D0.B7.D0.B8.D1.91.D1.82"></span>Риёзиёт</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Вироиши қисмат: Риёзиёт" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Риёзиёт"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Аз кӯдакӣ қобилияти беҳамтои риёзӣ дошт. Дар охири таҳсил дар университет «Таҳқиқоти арифметикӣ»-ро омода кард, ки он соли 1801 нашр гардид. Ин асар чандин кашфиёти умдаро дар назарияи ададҳо ва алгебра дар бар мегирад, аз ҷумла назарияи муодилаҳои тақсимоти давра (муодилаҳои навъи х<sup>2</sup> — 1= 0) бо аксар хосиятҳои хеш тимсоли назарияи Галуа буд. Карл Фридрих Гаусс соли 1832 системаи мутлақи ченакҳоро таҳия карда, се воҳиди асосиро ҷорӣ мекунад: воҳиди вақт — 1 с, воҳиди дарозӣ — 1 мм, воҳиди масса — 1мКарл Фридрих Гаусс Карл Фридрих Гаусс борҳо бо теоремаҳои асосии алгебра машғул шуда, на кам аз 6 исботи онҳоро пешниҳод кардааст (1794-95). Исботи 1-уми ин теорема дар рисолаи докториаш (1799) ва исботҳои боқимонда дар корҳои илмии солҳои 1803-17-и Карл Фридрих Гаусс оварда шудаанд. Дар ин асарҳо инчунин нишондодҳо оид ба касрҳои кубӣ ва биквадратӣ дода шудаанд. Теоремаҳо дар бораи касрҳои биквадратӣ дар корҳои илмии баъдии ӯ (1823-31) низ мавҷуданд. Ин корҳои таҳқиқотӣ соҳаи назарияи ададҳоро ба туфайли воридкунии ба истилоҳ ададҳои бутуни Гаусс, яъне, ададҳои α + ƅі (ки ин ҷо α ва ƅ-ададҳои бутун) хеле васеъ карданд. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ахтаршиносӣ"><span id=".D0.90.D1.85.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.88.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.81.D3.A3"></span>Ахтаршиносӣ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Вироиши қисмат: Ахтаршиносӣ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Ахтаршиносӣ"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Корҳои астрономии Карл Фридрих Гаусс, асосан, ба муайян кардани мадори сайёраҳои хурд ва таҳқиқи ошӯби онҳо бахшида шудаанд. Карл Фридрих Гаусс ҳамчун астроном баъди кашфи бо 3 усул ҳисоб кардани мадори эллипсии сайёра машҳур гардид ва бо ин усулҳо нахустин сайёраҳои хурд Серера (1801) ва Палладаро (1802) кашф кард. Натиҷаҳои таҳқиқот оид ба ҳисоб кардани мадорро Карл Фридрих Гаусс дар асараш «Назарияи ҳаракати ҷирмҳои осмонӣ» (1809) овардааст. Карл Фридрих Гаусс доир ба муодилаҳои дифференсиалӣ, ҷузъҳои интеграл, назарияи потенсиалҳо, назарияи сатҳҳо, шаклҳои квадратӣ, назарияи қаторҳои беинтиҳо таҳқиқот анҷом додааст. Воҳиди индуксияи магнитӣ дар системаи сантиметр-грамм-сония (СГС) ба шарафи ӯ <i>Гаусс</i> номида шудааст. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Заминсанҷӣ"><span id=".D0.97.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.B8.D0.BD.D1.81.D0.B0.D0.BD.D2.B7.D3.A3"></span>Заминсанҷӣ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Вироиши қисмат: Заминсанҷӣ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Заминсанҷӣ"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Соли 1820 ба Карл Фридрих Гаусс суратгирии геодезии шоҳигарии Ганноверро супориданд. Карл Фридрих Гаусс ченкунии камони меридиани Гёттинген — Алтонро ташкил кард ва дар натиҷаи таҳқиқоти назариявӣ асосҳои геодезияи олиро таҳия намуд. Асоси ин таҳқиқотро Карл Фридрих Гаусс дар асараш «Таҳқиқот оид ба мавзӯи геодезияи олӣ» баён намуд. Барои огоҳии оптикӣ Карл Фридрих Гаусс асбоби гелиотропро (асбобе, ки шуоъҳои офтобро ба воситаи оина ба нуқтаи зарурӣ равона мекунад) ихтироъ кард. Магнетизми Заминро омӯхта, соли 1837 магнитометри униполярӣ ва соли 1838 магнитометри бифляриро ихтироъ намуд. </p><p>Карл Фридрих Гаусс дар физикаи назариявӣ (1830-40) таҳқиқоти бузург анҷом дода, якҷо бо В. <i>Вебер</i> дар корҳои илмӣ ба натиҷаҳои муҳим комёб гардид. Соли 1833 аввалин бор ҳамроҳи В. Вебер дар Олмон телеграфи электромагнитиро сохт. Соли 1830 асари машҳури худ «Назарияи умумии қувваи кашиш ва теладиҳӣ»-ро навишта, дар он асосҳои назарияи потенсиал, аз ҷумла як қатор муқаррарот ва теоремаҳо, мас., теоремаи электростатика (теоремаи Гаусс)-ро пешниҳод кард. Соли 1840 дар асараш «Таҳқиқоти диоптрикӣ» назарияи сохтани тасвирот дар системаҳои мураккаби оптикиро таҳия мекунад. Соли 1845 ба хулосае омад, ки тибқи он суръати паҳншавии таъсири мутақобилаи электромагнитӣ охирнок аст. </p><p>Ба номи Карл Фридрих Гаусс танӯраи Моҳ, сайёраҳои хурди № 1001 (Gaussia) номгузорӣ шудаанд. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Адабиёт"><span id=".D0.90.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.B8.D1.91.D1.82"></span>Адабиёт</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Вироиши қисмат: Адабиёт" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Адабиёт"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="refbegin columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2;"> <ul><li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFБелл1979"><i>Белл Э. Т. </i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.math.ru/lib/book/djvu/istoria/bell.djvu">Творцы математики</a>. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: Просвещение, 1979. — 256 с.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFБоголюбов1983"><i>Боголюбов А. Н. </i> Математики. Механики. Биографический справочник. — Киев: Наукова думка, 1983. — 639 с.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFБюлер1989"><i>Бюлер В. </i> Гаусс. Биографическое исследование. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: Наука, 1989. — 208 с. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1%D2%B3%D0%BE/502013919X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 5-02-013919-X</a>.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFГаусс1956">Гаусс К. Ф.: Сб. статей под ред. <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Виноградов, Иван Матвеевич">И. М. Виноградова</a> (к 100-летию со дня смерти). — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: АН СССР, 1956. — 312 с.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFГиндикин2001"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%91%D0%BD_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гиндикин, Семён Григорьевич (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Гиндикин С. Г.</a> </i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mccme.ru/free-books/gindikin/index.html">Рассказы о физиках и математиках. 3-е изд</a>. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%A6%D0%9D%D0%9C%D0%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="МЦНМО (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">МЦНМО</a>, 2001. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1%D2%B3%D0%BE/5900916839" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 5-900916-83-9</a>.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFГолубев2000"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B2,_%D0%AE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Голубев, Юрий Филиппович (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Голубев Ю. Ф.</a> </i> Основы теоретической механики. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: Изд-во Моск. донишгоҳа, 2000. — 719 с. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1%D2%B3%D0%BE/5211042441" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 5-211-04244-1</a>.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFКолмогоров,_Юшкевич1978"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Колмогоров, Андрей Николаевич (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Колмогоров А. Н.</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87,_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Юшкевич, Адольф Павлович (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Юшкевич А. П.</a> (ред.) </i> Математика XIX века. Т. 1. Математическая логика. Алгебра. Теория чисел. Теория вероятностей. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Наука (издательство) (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Наука</a>, 1978.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFКолмогоров,_Юшкевич1981"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Колмогоров, Андрей Николаевич (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Колмогоров А. Н.</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87,_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Юшкевич, Адольф Павлович (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Юшкевич А. П.</a> (ред.) </i> Математика XIX века. Т. 2. Геометрия. Теория аналитических функций. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Наука (издательство) (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Наука</a>, 1981.</span></li> <li><span class="citation"><i>Колчинский И. Г., Корсунь А. А., Родригес М. Г. </i> Астрономы: Биографический справочник. — 2-е изд., перераб. и доп. — Киев: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Наукова думка (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Наукова думка</a>, 1986. — 512 с.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFМаркеев1990"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Маркеев, Анатолий Павлович (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Маркеев А. П.</a> </i> Теоретическая механика. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Наука (издательство) (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Наука</a>, 1990. — 416 с. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1%D2%B3%D0%BE/5020140163" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 5-02-014016-3</a>.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFМоисеев1961"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2,_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%94%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_(%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Моисеев, Николай Дмитриевич (астроном) (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Моисеев Н. Д.</a> </i> Очерки истории развития механики. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: Изд-во Моск. донишгоҳа, 1961. — 478 с.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFТюлина1979"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%8E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0,_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тюлина, Ирина Александровна (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Тюлина И. А.</a> </i> История и методология механики. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: Изд-во Моск. донишгоҳа, 1979. — 282 с.</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0:%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%AE._%D0%90.:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шаблон:Книга:Храмов Ю. А.:Физики (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Шаблон:Книга:Храмов Ю. А.:Физики</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Пайвандҳо"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.B0.D0.B9.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B4.D2.B3.D0.BE"></span>Пайвандҳо</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Вироиши қисмат: Пайвандҳо" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Пайвандҳо"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Джон Дж. О’Коннор и Эдмунд Ф. Робертсон. Гаусс, Карл Фридрих (англ.) — биография в архиве MacTutor.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/cgi-bin/digbib.cgi?PPN235957348">Complete works</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Сарчашма"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.87.D0.B0.D1.88.D0.BC.D0.B0"></span>Сарчашма</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Вироиши қисмат: Сарчашма" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Сарчашма"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFЭМТ2015">Гаусс / М. Хоҷабекова // Вичлас — Гӯянда. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Душанбе">Д</span>. : <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Сарредаксияи илмии Энсиклопедияи Миллии Тоҷик">СИЭМТ</a>, 2015. — (<a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Энсиклопедияи Миллии Тоҷик">Энсиклопедияи Миллии Тоҷик</a> : <span class="nowrap">[<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1232970">.mw-parser-output .ts-comment-commentedText{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}@media(hover:none){.mw-parser-output .ts-comment-commentedText:not(.rt-commentedText){border-bottom:0;cursor:auto}}</style><span class="ts-comment-commentedText" title="То ҳол 11 ҷилд чоп шудааст, нашр идома дорад.">тахм. 25 ҷ.</span>]</span> / <span class="nowrap"> сармуҳаррир <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%88%D0%BE%D2%B3%D3%A3" title="Нурмуҳаммад Амиршоҳӣ">Н. Амиршоҳӣ</a></span> ; 2011—2023, ҷ. 4). — <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1%D2%B3%D0%BE/9789994733774" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-99947-33-77-4</a>.</span></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Навигационный шаблон" data-name="External links"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px"><div style="padding: 0 35px 0 0; width: 100%;"><div style="float: left;"><span class="noprint plainlinks nowrap" style="font-size:85%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Дидани ин шаблон"><img alt="⚙️" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/14px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/21px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/28px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></a></span> </span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6722#identifiers" title="Гузариш ба унсури Викидода"><img alt="Гузариш ба унсури Викидода" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/14px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/21px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/28px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div>  Тасвир, видео ва садо</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tcdb.com/Person.cfm/pid/146641/">TCDb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Вебгоҳҳои мавзӯъӣ</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=18231">Mathematics Genealogy Project</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=56945560400">Scopus</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:gauss.carl-friedrich">zbMATH Open Database</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Gauss/">MacTutor History of Mathematics archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/38512">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/nl/explore/artists/437356">RKDartists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Фарҳангҳо ва донишномаҳо</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8313&url_prefix=https://denstoredanske.lex.dk/&id=Carl_Friedrich_Gauss">Большая датская</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0029443.xml">Большая каталанская</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=123749">Большая китайская</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=505179">Большая китайская</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss">Большая норвежская</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bigenc.ru/c/gauss-karl-fridrikh-c2314a">Большая российская (научно-образовательный портал)</a></li> <li><a href="https://tg.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%A1%D0%AD1/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81,_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85" class="extiw" title="s:БСЭ1/Гаусс, Карл Фридрих">Большая советская (1 изд.)</a></li> <li><a href="https://tg.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81,_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85" class="extiw" title="s:ЭСБЕ/Гаусс, Карл-Фридрих">Брокгауза и Ефрона</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/karl-friedrich-gauss_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)">Итальянская</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.krugosvet.ru/enc/nauka_i_tehnika/matematika/GAUSS_KARL_FRIDRIH.html">Кругосвет</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/personnage/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss/120958">Ларусса</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/carl-friedrich-gauss">Литовская универсальная</a></li> <li><a href="https://tg.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81" class="extiw" title="s:МЭСБЕ/Гаусс">Малый Брокгауза и Ефрона</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=21409">Хорватская</a></li> <li><a href="https://tg.wikisource.org/wiki/de:ADB:Gau%C3%9F,_Carl_Friedrich" class="extiw" title="s:de:ADB:Gauß, Carl Friedrich">Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Gauss,_Karl_Friedrich" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Gauss, Karl Friedrich">Britannica (11-th)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Carl-Friedrich-Gauss">Britannica (онлайн)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/Gauss,+Karl+Friedrich.html">De Agostini</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/104234644.html">Neue Deutsche Biographie</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nndb.com/people/363/000087102/">Notable Names Database</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;3904286.html">PWN</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/karl-friedrich-gauss">Treccani</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/carl-friedrich-gauss/">Universalis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Таборшиносӣ ва некрополистика</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/5205">Find a Grave</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gauß-164">WikiTree</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116160">.mw-parser-output .ts-navbox-plaintitle{font-size:100%!important;margin:0 6em!important}</style></div><table class="nowraplinks authoritycontrol collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th scope="colgroup" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Дар_феҳристҳои_китобшинохтӣ" class="ts-navbox-plaintitle" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 5em">Дар феҳристҳои китобшинохтӣ</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>BIBSYS: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90061367">90061367</a></li> <li><span title="National Library of Catalonia" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">BNC</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registres/CUCId/a10857801">a10857801</a></li> <li><span title="Biblioteca Nacional de España" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">BNE</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX1059229">XX1059229</a></li> <li><span title="Китобхонаи миллии Фаронса" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">BNF</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11904373v">11904373v</a></li> <li>CiNii: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00502483">DA00502483</a></li> <li><span title="CONOR.SI" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">CONOR</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plus.cobiss.net/cobiss/si/sl/conor/6690403">6690403</a></li> <li><span title="Идораи нормативии умумӣ" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">GND</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/104234644">104234644</a></li> <li><span title="Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">ICCU</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/opacsbn/opac/iccu/scheda_authority.jsp?bid=UFIV034086">UFIV034086</a></li> <li><span title="International Standard Name Identifier" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">ISNI</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000121257962">0000000121257962</a></li> <li><span title="National Library of Israel" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">J9U</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007261530005171">987007261530005171</a></li> <li><span title="Library of Congress Control Number" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">LCCN</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79038533">n79038533</a></li> <li><span title="National Library of Latvia" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">LNB</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F/?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000096135">000096135</a></li> <li><span title="National Diet Library" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">NDL</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00440637">00440637</a></li> <li><span title="National Library of the Czech Republic" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">NKC</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19990002581&CON_LNG=ENG">jn19990002581</a></li> <li><span title="National Library of Australia" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">NLA</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36346691">36346691</a></li> <li><span title="National Library of Greece" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">NLG</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/Authority/Record?id=au.139208">139208</a></li> <li><span title="National Library of Poland" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">NLP</span>: : a0000001254660</li> <li><span title="National and University Library in Zagreb" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">NSK</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&local_base=nsk10&doc_number=000286491">000286491</a></li> <li><span title="KB National Library of the Netherlands" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">NTA</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bibliotheken.nl/doc/thes/p070492824">070492824</a></li> <li>NUKAT: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nukat.edu.pl/aut/n%20%2096300409">n96300409</a></li> <li><span title="National Library of Portugal" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">PTBNP</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/processed/PTBNP%7C512934">512934</a></li> <li><span title="National Library of Sweden" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">LIBRIS</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/42gjjlkn3jvj7jk">42gjjlkn3jvj7jk</a></li> <li>SUDOC: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027475115">027475115</a></li> <li><span title="Vatican Library" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">VcBA</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/495_6527">495/6527</a></li> <li>VIAF: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/29534259/">29534259</a></li> <li><span title="WorldCat" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">WorldCat VIAF</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/29534259">29534259</a></li> <li><span title="National Library of Russia" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">РНБ</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webservices.nlr.ru/semweb/?method=afnlr&query=NLR10%3A%3ARU%5CNLR%5CAUTH%5C7782375">7782375</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webservices.nlr.ru/semweb/?method=afnlr&query=NLR10%3A%3ARU%5CNLR%5CAUTH%5C77101574">77101574</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-_1e7299a0dd2b58ff-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_1e7299a0dd2b58ff_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_1e7299a0dd2b58ff_1-1">1.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q36524 citetype_Q7094076 citetype_Q27031827 citetype_Q595971" data-entity-id="Q19938912"><i class="wef_low_priority_links"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="extiw" title="fr:Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11904373v">идентификатор BNF</a> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="на языке забони фавронсавӣ">(фр.)</span>: платформаи додаҳои боз<span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — 2011.</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_669c463cc77e4f07-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_669c463cc77e4f07_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_669c463cc77e4f07_2-1">2.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_669c463cc77e4f07_2-2">2.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_669c463cc77e4f07_2-3">2.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q47461344 citetype_Q1787111" data-entity-id="Q590208"><i class="wef_low_priority_links"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2818964" class="extiw" title="d:Q2818964">verschiedene Autoren</a></i> <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:Allgemeine_Deutsche_Biographie" class="extiw" title="de:s:Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie">Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie</a> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="на языке забони немисӣ">(нем.)</span><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> / Hrsg.: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14565672" class="extiw" title="d:Q14565672">Historische Commission bei der königl. Akademie der Wissenschaften</a> — <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leipzig" class="extiw" title="de:Leipzig">L</a>: <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duncker_%26_Humblot" class="extiw" title="de:Duncker & Humblot">Duncker & Humblot</a>, 1875.</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_c840ca2a633408b0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_c840ca2a633408b0_3-0">3.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_c840ca2a633408b0_3-1">3.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q35127" data-entity-id="Q547473"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Gauss/">Архив по истории математики Мактьютор</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — 1994.</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_669738f13f86082e-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_669738f13f86082e_4-0">4.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_669738f13f86082e_4-1">4.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q3331189" data-entity-id="Q17378135">Гаусс Карл Фридрих // <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5)" class="extiw" title="ru:Большая советская энциклопедия (третье издание)">Большая советская энциклопедия</a> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="на языке забони русӣ">(рус.)</span>: [в 30 т.]<span class="wef_low_priority_links"> / под ред. <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Александр Прохоров">А. М. Прохорова</a> — 3-е изд. — <span title="Москва" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help; white-space: nowrap">М.</span>: <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE)" class="extiw" title="ru:Большая российская энциклопедия (издательство)">Советская энциклопедия</a>, 1971. — Т. 6 : Газлифт — Гоголево. — С. 144—145.</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_7849b04c805086d1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-_7849b04c805086d1_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q35127" data-entity-id="Q107212659"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.accademiadellescienze.it/accademia/soci/karl-friedrich-gauss">https://www.accademiadellescienze.it/accademia/soci/karl-friedrich-gauss</a> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="на языке забони итолиёӣ">(итол.)</span><span class="wef_low_priority_links"></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_273681d01075b9f9-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-_273681d01075b9f9_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00207160.2012.689826">http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00207160.2012.689826</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_1fc67e3224b229a3-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-_1fc67e3224b229a3_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maa.org/publications/maa-reviews/50th-imo-50-years-of-international-mathematical-olympiads">http://www.maa.org/publications/maa-reviews/50th-imo-50-years-of-international-mathematical-olympiads</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_1b4946a8d5723acd-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-_1b4946a8d5723acd_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-642-14565-0_3.pdf">http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-642-14565-0_3.pdf</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_c6918bbb26acb35c-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_c6918bbb26acb35c_9-0">9.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_c6918bbb26acb35c_9-1">9.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_c6918bbb26acb35c_9-2">9.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_c6918bbb26acb35c_9-3">9.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q856638 citetype_Q1982918 citetype_Q36524" data-entity-id="Q13550863"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19990002581">Чешская национальная авторитетная база данных</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_7333750f573186ff-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_7333750f573186ff_10-0">10.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_7333750f573186ff_10-1">10.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-_7333750f573186ff_10-2">10.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q7094076 citetype_Q33002955 citetype_Q114955954" data-entity-id="Q829984"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=18231">Математическая генеалогия</a> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="на языке забони инглисӣ">(ингл.)</span><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — 1997.</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-_606a121861beabe1-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-_606a121861beabe1_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q7094076 citetype_Q33002955 citetype_Q114955954" data-entity-id="Q829984"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=18231">Математическая генеалогия</a> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="на языке забони инглисӣ">(ингл.)</span><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — 1997.</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Боголюбов—1983——121—123-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Боголюбов—1983——121—123_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFБоголюбов1983">Боголюбов, 1983</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academie-sciences.fr/fr/Liste-des-membres-depuis-la-creation-de-l-Academie-des-sciences/les-membres-du-passe-dont-le-nom-commence-par-g.html">Les membres du passé dont le nom commence par G</a><span title="ба забони фаронсавӣ" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; margin-left:0.2em; color:#888;">(фр.)</span></span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Баргирифта аз "<a dir="ltr" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Карл_Фридрих_Гаусс&oldid=1275127">https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Карл_Фридрих_Гаусс&oldid=1275127</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Вижа:Гурӯҳҳо">Гурӯҳҳо</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гурӯҳ:Pages using the JsonConfig extension (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%97%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_30_%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Гурӯҳ:Зодагони 30 апрел">Зодагони 30 апрел</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%97%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1777" title="Гурӯҳ:Зодагони соли 1777">Зодагони соли 1777</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_23_%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Гурӯҳ:Даргузаштагони 23 феврал">Даргузаштагони 23 феврал</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1855" title="Гурӯҳ:Даргузаштагони соли 1855">Даргузаштагони соли 1855</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гурӯҳ:Википедия:Статьи со ссылками на элементы Викиданных без русской подписи (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Википедия:Статьи со ссылками на элементы Викиданных без русской подписи</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D2%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D1%80%D3%AF%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Гурӯҳ:Шахсиятҳо аз рӯи алифбо">Шахсиятҳо аз рӯи алифбо</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D1%80%D3%AF%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Гурӯҳ:Олимон аз рӯи алифбо">Олимон аз рӯи алифбо</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%97%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гурӯҳ:Зодагони Брауншвейг (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Зодагони Брауншвейг</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%93%D1%91%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гурӯҳ:Даргузаштагони Гёттинген (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Даргузаштагони Гёттинген</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D1%80%D3%AF%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Гурӯҳ:Риёзидонон аз рӯи алифбо">Риёзидонон аз рӯи алифбо</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гурӯҳ:Риёзидонони Олмон (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Риёзидонони Олмон</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B8_XIX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гурӯҳ:Риёзидонони асри XIX (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Риёзидонони асри XIX</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D1%80%D3%AF%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Гурӯҳ:Механикон аз рӯи алифбо">Механикон аз рӯи алифбо</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гурӯҳ:Механикони Олмон (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Механикони Олмон</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B8_XIX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гурӯҳ:Механикони асри XIX (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Механикони асри XIX</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D1%80%D3%AF%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Гурӯҳ:Физикдонон аз рӯи алифбо">Физикдонон аз рӯи алифбо</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гурӯҳ:Физикдонони Олмон (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Физикдонони Олмон</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B8_XIX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гурӯҳ:Физикдонони асри XIX (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Физикдонони асри XIX</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%90%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D1%80%D3%AF%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Гурӯҳ:Ахтаршиносон аз рӯи алифбо">Ахтаршиносон аз рӯи алифбо</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%90%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гурӯҳ:Ахтаршиносони Олмон (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Ахтаршиносони Олмон</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%90%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B8_XIX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гурӯҳ:Ахтаршиносони асри XIX (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Ахтаршиносони асри XIX</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Гурӯҳҳои пинҳон: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гурӯҳ:Википедия:Мақолаҳои бо сарчашма аз Викидода">Википедия:Мақолаҳои бо сарчашма аз Викидода</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B5,_%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%AD%D0%9C%D0%A2_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%88%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Гурӯҳ:Мақолаҳое, ки бар асоси маводи ЭМТ навишта шудаанд">Мақолаҳое, ки бар асоси маводи ЭМТ навишта шудаанд</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B5%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8_ISBN" title="Гурӯҳ:Саҳифаҳои дорои пайванди сеҳрноки ISBN">Саҳифаҳои дорои пайванди сеҳрноки ISBN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ин саҳифаро бори охир дар 17 ноябри 2021, 14:23 вироиш карда буданд.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Матн зери иҷозатномаи <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> дастрас мебошад, дигар иҷозатномаҳои иловагӣ низ ба кор бурда мешаванд. Ниг. <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Қоидаҳои истифодаро</a> барои маълумоти бештар.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Сиёсати ҳифзи асрор</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%9E%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%BE%D3%A3_%D0%B1%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0">Дар бораи Википедиа</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B8%D2%B3%D0%B0:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BC%D3%A3">Такзибнома</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Таҳиягарон</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/tg.wikipedia.org">Омор</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Созишномаи куки</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//tg.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Намуди мобилӣ</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-79d9bc49cc-nmzxq","wgBackendResponseTime":201,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.314","walltime":"3.066","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5169,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":176865,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":15346,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":23,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":52,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":5052,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":59,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 2740.018 1 -total"," 81.60% 2235.900 1 Шаблон:Олим"," 80.36% 2201.947 1 Шаблон:Қуттӣ"," 8.75% 239.879 1 Шаблон:Wikidata/p569"," 6.73% 184.343 1 Шаблон:ПБ"," 6.08% 166.581 7 Шаблон:Wikidata"," 4.09% 112.201 1 Шаблон:Қуттӣ/номи_аслӣ"," 2.63% 72.009 1 Шаблон:ЭМТ"," 2.47% 67.570 1 Шаблон:Нашр"," 1.74% 47.792 12 Шаблон:Книга"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.043","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":15396383,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"Got person name of Q193563 from label: «Bibliothèque nationale de France»\nEntity Q193563 is not a person\nGot person name of Q2818964 from label: «verschiedene Autoren»\nEntity Q2818964 is not a person\nGot person name of Q14565672 from label: «Historische Commission bei der königl. Akademie der Wissenschaften»\nEntity Q14565672 is not a person\nGot title of Q2079 from short name claim: «L»\nGot title of Q316626 from label: «Duncker \u0026 Humblot»\nGot person name of Q193563 from label: «Bibliothèque nationale de France»\nEntity Q193563 is not a person\nGot person name of Q2818964 from label: «verschiedene Autoren»\nEntity Q2818964 is not a person\nGot person name of Q14565672 from label: «Historische Commission bei der königl. Akademie der Wissenschaften»\nEntity Q14565672 is not a person\nGot title of Q2079 from short name claim: «L»\nGot title of Q316626 from label: «Duncker \u0026 Humblot»\nCustom label provided for Q83552\ntokenizeName: «А. М. Прохорова»: have «Im (x2) Fa» match\nGot person name of Q2818964 from label: «verschiedene Autoren»\nEntity Q2818964 is not a person\nGot person name of Q14565672 from label: «Historische Commission bei der königl. Akademie der Wissenschaften»\nEntity Q14565672 is not a person\nGot title of Q2079 from short name claim: «L»\nGot title of Q316626 from label: «Duncker \u0026 Humblot»\nCustom label provided for Q83552\ntokenizeName: «А. М. Прохорова»: have «Im (x2) Fa» match\nGot person name of Q2818964 from label: «verschiedene Autoren»\nEntity Q2818964 is not a person\nGot person name of Q14565672 from label: «Historische Commission bei der königl. Akademie der Wissenschaften»\nEntity Q14565672 is not a person\nGot title of Q2079 from short name claim: «L»\nGot title of Q316626 from label: «Duncker \u0026 Humblot»\nLoaded datatype time of P582 from wikidata, consider passing datatype argument to formatProperty call or to Wikidata/config\nLoaded datatype wikibase-item of P184 from wikidata, consider passing datatype argument to formatProperty call or to Wikidata/config\nLoaded datatype wikibase-item of P802 from wikidata, consider passing datatype argument to formatProperty call or to Wikidata/config\n","limitreport-profile":[["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getEntityStatements","320","30.2"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getEntity","280","26.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getLabel","100","9.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","60","5.7"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","60","5.7"],["?","60","5.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","40","3.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::get","40","3.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getEntityId","20","1.9"],["type","20","1.9"],["[others]","60","5.7"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-5fd84c547d-nfwkf","timestamp":"20241202205047","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u041a\u0430\u0440\u043b \u0424\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0445 \u0413\u0430\u0443\u0441\u0441","url":"https:\/\/tg.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q6722","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q6722","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2020-07-09T06:25:08Z","dateModified":"2021-11-17T14:23:03Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/9b\/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>