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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Distribution of East European TV</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution_of_East_European_TV-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Satellites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Satellites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Satellites</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Satellites-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Satellites subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Satellites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rented_capacity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rented_capacity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Rented capacity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rented_capacity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_satellites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_satellites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Former satellites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_satellites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Failure_of_Eutelsat_Satellite" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Failure_of_Eutelsat_Satellite"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Failure of Eutelsat Satellite</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Failure_of_Eutelsat_Satellite-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Future_satellites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Future_satellites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Future satellites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Future_satellites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of 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Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="يوتلسات – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="يوتلسات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/EUTELSAT" title="EUTELSAT – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="EUTELSAT" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%84%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="یوتل‌ست – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یوتل‌ست" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%84%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="یوتل‌ست – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یوتل‌ست" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%ED%85%94%EC%83%9B" title="유텔샛 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유텔샛" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat_Communications" title="Eutelsat Communications – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Eutelsat Communications" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A6%E3%83%BC%E3%83%86%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B5%E3%83%83%E3%83%88" title="ユーテルサット – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ユーテルサット" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat_S.A." title="Eutelsat S.A. – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Eutelsat S.A." data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Eutelsat" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="歐洲通信衛星公司 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="歐洲通信衛星公司" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q848336#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon 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free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">French-based satellite provider</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Smyths" title="Smyths">Smyths</a> or <a href="/wiki/Euronews" title="Euronews">Euronews</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">Eutelsat S.A.</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_Eutelsat.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Logo_Eutelsat.svg/200px-Logo_Eutelsat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Logo_Eutelsat.svg/300px-Logo_Eutelsat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Logo_Eutelsat.svg/400px-Logo_Eutelsat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="114" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:EUTELSAT_KONNECT_VHTS_sendo_encapsulado.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/EUTELSAT_KONNECT_VHTS_sendo_encapsulado.jpg/220px-EUTELSAT_KONNECT_VHTS_sendo_encapsulado.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/EUTELSAT_KONNECT_VHTS_sendo_encapsulado.jpg/330px-EUTELSAT_KONNECT_VHTS_sendo_encapsulado.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/EUTELSAT_KONNECT_VHTS_sendo_encapsulado.jpg/440px-EUTELSAT_KONNECT_VHTS_sendo_encapsulado.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2176" data-file-height="3077" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The Eutelsat Konnect VHTS satellite being installed in <a href="/wiki/Arianespace" title="Arianespace">Arianespace</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Ariane_5" title="Ariane 5">Ariane 5</a> rocket prior to launch.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/S.A._(corporation)" title="S.A. (corporation)">Société Anonyme</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Euronext_Paris" title="Euronext Paris">Euronext Paris</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://euronext.com/products/equities/FR0010221234-XPAR">ETL</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/CAC_Mid_60" title="CAC Mid 60">CAC Mid 60 Component</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">Communications satellite</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1977<span class="noprint">; 48 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1977</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent">Eva Berneke (<a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> €1.13 billion <small>(2022/23)</small><sup id="cite_ref-report2022_2023_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-report2022_2023-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> €573 million <small>(2022/23)</small><sup id="cite_ref-report2022_2023_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-report2022_2023-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> €328 million <small>(2022/23)</small><sup id="cite_ref-report2022_2023_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-report2022_2023-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> €7.41 billion <small>(2022/23)</small><sup id="cite_ref-report2022_2023_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-report2022_2023-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> €3.07 billion <small>(2022/23)</small><sup id="cite_ref-report2022_2023_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-report2022_2023-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Eutelsat Group <span style="font-size:85%;">(2023–present)</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,200 (2023) <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848336?uselang=en#P1128" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/OneWeb" class="mw-redirect" title="OneWeb">OneWeb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satmex" title="Satmex">Satmex</a>, Skylogic, Fransat</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eutelsat.com">www<wbr />.eutelsat<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Eutelsat S.A.</b> is a French <a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">satellite</a> operator.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Providing coverage over the entire European continent, the Middle East, Africa, Asia and the Americas, it has been the world's third-largest satellite operator in terms of revenues.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eutelsat's satellites are used for broadcasting nearly 7,000 <a href="/wiki/Television" title="Television">television</a> stations, of which 1,400 are in <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">high-definition television</a>, and 1,100 <a href="/wiki/Radio" title="Radio">radio</a> stations to over 274 million cable and satellite homes. They also serve requirements for <a href="/wiki/Television" title="Television">TV</a> contribution services, corporate networks, mobile communications, <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> backbone connectivity and broadband access for terrestrial, maritime and in-flight applications. Eutelsat is headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>. Eutelsat Communications <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">Chief Executive Officer</a> is currently <a href="/wiki/Eva_Berneke" title="Eva Berneke">Eva Berneke</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2017, Eutelsat acquired Noorsat, one of the leading satellite service providers in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a>'s Orbit Holding Group. Noorsat is the premier distributor of Eutelsat capacity in the Middle East, serving blue-chip customers and providing services for over 300 TV channels almost exclusively from Eutelsat's market-leading the Middle East and <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a> neighbourhoods at 7/8° West and 25.5° East.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 26 July 2022, Eutelsat announced a merger with LEO satellite internet operator <a href="/wiki/OneWeb" class="mw-redirect" title="OneWeb">OneWeb</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the merger was completed in September 2023, the company became a subsidiary of a new entity, "Eutelsat Group".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. It has 35 geostationary satellites and 600 satellites in a <a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">Low Earth orbit</a> constellation. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eutelsat_w3b.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Eutelsat_w3b.JPG/220px-Eutelsat_w3b.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Eutelsat_w3b.JPG/330px-Eutelsat_w3b.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Eutelsat_w3b.JPG/440px-Eutelsat_w3b.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>1/10 scale mockup of a Eutelsat W3 satellite, a Spacebus 4000C3</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:European_Telecommunications_Satellite_Organization.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/European_Telecommunications_Satellite_Organization.png/220px-European_Telecommunications_Satellite_Organization.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/European_Telecommunications_Satellite_Organization.png/330px-European_Telecommunications_Satellite_Organization.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/European_Telecommunications_Satellite_Organization.png/440px-European_Telecommunications_Satellite_Organization.png 2x" data-file-width="1357" data-file-height="628" /></a><figcaption>European Telecommunications Satellite Organization membership</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <b>European Telecommunications Satellite Organization</b> (Eutelsat) was originally set up in 1977 (48 years ago), by 17 European countries as an <a href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Intergovernmental organization">intergovernmental organisation</a> (IGO). Its role was to develop and operate a satellite-based telecommunications infrastructure for <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>. The Convention establishing the European Telecommunications Satellite Organization Eutelsat was opened for signature in July 1982 and entered into force on 1 September 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1982, Eutelsat decided to start operations of its first TV channel (<a href="/wiki/Sky_One" title="Sky One">Satellite Television</a>) on the Orbital Test Satellite (OTS) in cooperation with <a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a> (ESA). This was the first satellite-based direct-to-home TV channel launched in Europe. In 1983, Eutelsat launched its first satellite to be used for telecommunications and TV distribution </p><p>Initially established to address satellite telecommunications demand in <a href="/wiki/Western_Europe" title="Western Europe">Western Europe</a>, Eutelsat rapidly developed its infrastructure to expand coverage to additional services (i.e. TV) and markets, such as <a href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">Central</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern Europe</a> in 1989, and the Middle East, the African continent, and large parts of <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a> from the 1990s. </p><p>Eutelsat was the first satellite operator in Europe to broadcast television channels direct-to-home. It developed its premium neighbourhood of five <a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird" title="Hot Bird">Hot Bird</a> satellites in the mid-1990s to offer capacity that would be able to attract hundreds of channels to the same orbital location, appealing to wider audiences for consumer satellite TV. </p><p>With the general liberalisation of the telecommunications sector in Europe, Eutelsat's assets, liabilities and operational activities were transferred to a private company called Eutelsat S.A. established for this purpose in July 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The structure role and activities of the new intergovernmental organisation <a href="/wiki/European_Telecommunications_Satellite_Organization" title="European Telecommunications Satellite Organization">Eutelsat IGO</a> evolved. According to Eutelsat IGO's amended constitution in 2016, the main purpose of <a href="/wiki/European_Telecommunications_Satellite_Organization" title="European Telecommunications Satellite Organization">Eutelsat IGO</a> has been to ensure that Eutelsat S.A. observes the Basic Principles set forth in the Eutelsat Amended Convention entered into force in November 2002. These Basic Principles refer to public service/universal service obligations, pan European coverage by the satellite system, non-discrimination and fair competition.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (November 2022)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The Executive Secretary of <a href="/wiki/European_Telecommunications_Satellite_Organization" title="European Telecommunications Satellite Organization">Eutelsat IGO</a> participates in all meetings of the Board of Directors of Eutelsat Communications S.A. and Eutelsat S.A. as an observer to the Board (<i>censeur</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (November 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In April 2005, the principal shareholders of Eutelsat S.A. grouped their investment in a new entity (Eutelsat Communications), which is now the holding company of the Group owning 95.2% of Eutelsat S.A. on 6 October 2005. As of 2009, the holding company owned 96.0% of Eutelsat S.A.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 31 July 2013, Eutelsat Communications announced the 100% acquisition of Satélites Mexicanos, S.A. de C.V. ("<a href="/wiki/Satmex" title="Satmex">Satmex</a>") for US$831 million in cash plus the assumption of US$311 million in Satmex debt, pending government and regulatory approvals.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The transaction was finalized on 2 January 2014. Based in Mexico, Satmex operates three satellites at contiguous positions, 113° West (Satmex 6), 114.9° West (Satmex 5) and 116.8° West (Satmex 8) that cover 90% of the population of the Americas.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2015, the company announced a partnership<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> to launch an internet satellite over Africa by 2016 where Facebook lease all of a satellite's high throughput <a href="/wiki/Ka_band" title="Ka band">Ka-band</a> capacity, however, the satellite was destroyed during launch preparations.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2020, Eutelsat launched <a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_Konnect" title="Eutelsat Konnect">Eutelsat Konnect</a>, a domestic broadband service targeting remote localities, in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> with a planned subsequent launch across Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph-20201213_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph-20201213-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2021, Eutelsat launched Eutelsat Quantum, the first full software-defined satellite. It will enable users, notably in the Government and Mobility markets, to actively define and shape performance and reach thanks to its software-based design.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2021, <a href="/wiki/Eva_Berneke" title="Eva Berneke">Eva Berneke</a> was appointed Chief Executive Officer to replace <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodolphe_Belmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rodolphe Belmer (page does not exist)">Rodolphe Belmer</a>. She will take up her position on 1 January 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2022, in the context of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> and growing <a href="/wiki/Media_freedom_in_Russia#Censorship_and_self-censorship" title="Media freedom in Russia">censorship in Russia</a>, two of the Russian packagers active on the 36°E Eutelsat satellites, NTV Plus (a subsidiary of Gazprom Media) and Trikolor, unilaterally interrupted broadcasting of 8 international news channels (BBC World, CNN, Deutsche Welle, Euronews, France 24, NHK World, RAInews 24, TV5 Monde). This interruption was denounced by the Denis Diderot Committee, made up of academics and professionals from the European audiovisual sector, which published a report and launched a petition asking for sanctions from the European Union and Eutelsat IGO against the two operators.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The petition is signed by all members of the Ukrainian regulatory body, the National Radio and Television Council.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution_of_East_European_TV">Distribution of East European TV</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Distribution of East European TV"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eutelsat continues to collaborate with Russian TV platforms such as NTV-Plus and Tricolor. In France, the association Denis Diderot Committee has started a petition to put pressure on the EU to get Eutelsat to drop cooperation with the Russian channels. In a press release, the association writes that it is 'paradoxical and unforgivable' that European satellites are used to broadcast Russian channels, which 'only spread the Kremlin's official state propaganda.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As top manager of French Eutelsat, Danish <a href="/wiki/Eva_Berneke" title="Eva Berneke">Eva Berneke</a> defended the strategy in a podcast interview with Techmediet Radar: "It is clear that then we would have to wave goodbye to some Russian customers, who would then move on to some Russian satellites or something else". Media spokesman Kasper Sand Kjær of the Danish Social Democrats comments this decision with: "I think everyone should decide for themselves which side you want to stand on in the story. I do not believe that one can get through the time we are in right now by saying that one is neutral".<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jim Phillipoff, co-founder of the Denis Diderot Committee explained further that Eutelat's declared "neutrality" is rather dubious granted the fact that Eutelsat only offers channels on <span data-sort-value="36 !">36°E</span> to Russian customers but not independent Russian-language broadcasts, which could help break information monopoly of the Russian state.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As described above, Russian customers already actively censored western channels in their broadcasts on 36°E, which made the claims of Eutelsat's neutrality even more absurd.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Services">Services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In June 2021, Eutelsat launched Eutelsat Advance, an end-to-end managed connectivity service, including network interconnection, a management portal and APIs for service providers and their clients. Available via Eutelsat's certified network of partners, Eutelsat Advance enables service providers in Enterprise, Maritime, Aviation, Government and Telecoms to enhance their service portfolio by increasing the range of connectivity services they offer.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2018, Eutelsat announced Cirrus, which enabled broadcasters to deliver content to satellite and <a href="/wiki/Over-the-top_media_service" title="Over-the-top media service">over-the-top media service</a>. Viewers can watch content on screens, phones and tablets, access multiple programmes, record and rewind and view detailed programme information.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With a global fleet of satellites and associated ground infrastructure, Eutelsat enables clients across Video, Data, Government, Fixed and Mobile Broadband markets to communicate effectively to their customers, irrespective of their location. Over 6800 television channels operated by leading media groups are broadcast by Eutelsat to one billion viewers across the world equipped for DTH reception or connected to terrestrial networks<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2025)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>As of March 2025, the company stated that it offers the same capacities as <a href="/wiki/Starlink" title="Starlink">Starlink</a> in Europe. However the operation of Eutelsat terminals is many times more expensive than that of Starlink.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Satellites">Satellites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Satellites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eutelsat sells capacity on 36 satellites located in geosynchronous orbit between 139° West and 174° East. On 1 March 2012, Eutelsat changed the names of its satellites. The group's satellites mostly take the Eutelsat name, with the relevant figure for their orbital position and a letter indicating their order of arrival at that position. On 21 May 2014, Eutelsat Americas (formerly <a href="/wiki/Satmex" title="Satmex">Satmex</a>) aligned its satellite names with the Eutelsat brand.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Satellite </th> <th><a href="/wiki/COSPAR_ID" class="mw-redirect" title="COSPAR ID">COSPAR ID</a> </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Location </th> <th>Launch Vehicle </th> <th>Regions served </th> <th>Launch </th> <th>Comments </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_Konnect_VHTS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat Konnect VHTS (page does not exist)">Eutelsat Konnect VHTS</a> </th> <td>2022-110A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="2 !">2.7°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ECA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ECA">Ariane 5 ECA</a> </td> <td>Europe </td> <td>7 September 2022 </td> <td>Very High Throughput Satellite. Hosting the most powerful on-board digital processor ever put in orbit. </td></tr> <tr> <th>Eutelsat 3B </th> <td>2014-030A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="3 !">3°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zenit-3SL" title="Zenit-3SL">Zenit-3SL</a> </td> <td>Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, Brazil </td> <td>26 May 2014 </td> <td>Entered service in July 2014<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_5_West_B" title="Eutelsat 5 West B">Eutelsat 5 West B</a> </th> <td>2019-067A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="-5 !">5°W</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Proton-M" title="Proton-M">Proton-M</a>/<a href="/wiki/Briz-M" class="mw-redirect" title="Briz-M">Briz-M</a> </td> <td>Europe, North Africa </td> <td>9 October 2019 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_139_West_A" title="Eutelsat 139 West A">Eutelsat 7B</a> (Eutelsat W3D/Eutelsat 3D) </th> <td>2013-022A </td> <td rowspan="3"><span data-sort-value="7 !">7°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Proton-M" title="Proton-M">Proton-M</a>/<a href="/wiki/Briz-M" class="mw-redirect" title="Briz-M">Briz-M</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">Europe, Middle East, Africa </td> <td>14 May 2013 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Eutelsat 7C </th> <td>2019-034B </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ECA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ECA">Ariane 5 ECA</a> </td> <td>20 June 2019 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_Konnect" title="Eutelsat Konnect">Eutelsat Konnect</a> </th> <td>2020-005B </td> <td>Europe, Africa </td> <td>17 January 2020 </td> <td>First satellite to use <a href="/wiki/Thales_Alenia_Space" title="Thales Alenia Space">Thales Alenia Space</a>'s all-electric <a href="/wiki/Spacebus_NEO" class="mw-redirect" title="Spacebus NEO">Spacebus NEO</a> platform </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_5_West_A" title="Eutelsat 5 West A">Eutelsat 7 West A</a> (Atlantic Bird 7/Nilesat-104) </th> <td>2011-051A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="-7 !">7.3°W</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zenit-3SL" title="Zenit-3SL">Zenit-3SL</a> </td> <td>Middle East, North Africa </td> <td>24 September 2011 </td> <td>Formerly named <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Bird" title="Atlantic Bird">Atlantic Bird</a> 7 until March 2012 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_8_West_B" title="Eutelsat 8 West B">Eutelsat 8 West B</a> (Nilesat-104B) </th> <td>2015-039A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="-8 !">8°W</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ECA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ECA">Ariane 5 ECA</a> </td> <td>Africa, Middle East </td> <td>20 August 2015 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/KA-SAT" title="KA-SAT">Eutelsat KA-SAT 9A</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC12065466_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC12065466-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>2010-069A </td> <td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="9 !">9°E</span> </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Proton-M" title="Proton-M">Proton-M</a>/<a href="/wiki/Briz-M" class="mw-redirect" title="Briz-M">Briz-M</a> </td> <td>Europe </td> <td>26 December 2010 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Eutelsat 9B (EDRS A)<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>2016-005A </td> <td>Europe, North Africa, Middle East </td> <td>30 January 2016 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_10A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 10A (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 10A</a> (Eutelsat W2A) </th> <td>2009-016A </td> <td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="10 !">10°E</span> </td> <td>Europe, Africa, Middle East </td> <td>3 April 2009 </td> <td>Formerly named Eutelsat W2A until March 2012; S-band payload not yet entered into service due to an anomaly.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Solaris Mobile filed the insurance claim and should be able to offer some, but not all of the services it was planning to offer.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_10B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 10B (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 10B</a> </th> <td>2022-157A </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_Block_5" title="Falcon 9 Block 5">Falcon 9 Block 5</a> </td> <td>North Atlantic corridor, Europe, Mediterranean basin, Middle East </td> <td>23 November 2022 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird" title="Hot Bird">Hot Bird 13B</a> (Hot Bird 8)<sup id="cite_ref-Display_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Display-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>2006-032A </td> <td rowspan="5"><span data-sort-value="13 !">13°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Proton-M" title="Proton-M">Proton-M</a>/<a href="/wiki/Briz-M" class="mw-redirect" title="Briz-M">Briz-M</a> </td> <td rowspan="5">Europe, North Africa, Middle East </td> <td>5 August 2006 </td> <td>Formerly named <a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird" title="Hot Bird">Hot Bird</a> 8 until March 2012 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird" title="Hot Bird">Hot Bird 13C</a> (Hot Bird 9) </th> <td>2008-065D </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ECA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ECA">Ariane 5 ECA</a> </td> <td>20 December 2008 </td> <td>Formerly named <a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird" title="Hot Bird">Hot Bird</a> 9 until March 2012 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird#Hot_Bird_13E" title="Hot Bird">Hot Bird 13E</a> (Hot Bird 7A/Eurobird 9A/Eutelsat 9A)<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>2006-007B </td> <td>11 March 2006 </td> <td>Formerly named <a href="/wiki/Eurobird" title="Eurobird">Eurobird</a> 9A until March 2012; former Hot Bird 7A satellite / Eutelsat 9A </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird#Hot_Bird_13F" title="Hot Bird">Hotbird 13F</a> </th> <td>2022-134A </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_Block_5" title="Falcon 9 Block 5">Falcon 9 Block 5</a> </td> <td>15 October 2022 </td> <td>All-electric <a href="/wiki/Eurostar_Neo" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurostar Neo">Eurostar Neo</a> bus </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird#Hot_Bird_13G" title="Hot Bird">Hotbird 13G</a> </th> <td>2022-146A </td> <td>3 November 2022 </td> <td>All-electric <a href="/wiki/Eurostar_Neo" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurostar Neo">Eurostar Neo</a> bus </td></tr> <tr> <th>Eutelsat 16A (Eutelsat W3C) </th> <td>2011-057A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="16 !">16°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Long_March_3B" title="Long March 3B">Long March 3B</a> </td> <td>Europe, Sub-Saharan Africa, Indian Ocean Islands </td> <td>7 October 2011 </td> <td>Formerly named Eutelsat W3C until March 2012 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_21B" title="Eutelsat 21B">Eutelsat 21B</a> (Eutelsat W6A) </th> <td>2012-062B </td> <td><span data-sort-value="21.5 !">21.5°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ECA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ECA">Ariane 5 ECA</a> </td> <td>Europe, Middle East, North Africa, West Africa, Central Asia </td> <td>10 November 2012 </td> <td>Fully operational since 19 December 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_33C" title="Eutelsat 33C">Eutelsat 33C</a> (Eurobird 1/Eutelsat 133 West A/Eutelsat 28A)<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>2001-011A </td> <td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="33 !">33°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5G" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5G">Ariane 5G</a> </td> <td>Europe </td> <td>8 March 2001 </td> <td>Satellite is currently being redeployed at 33° East where it will be co-located with Eutelsat 33B. Formerly named <a href="/wiki/Eurobird" title="Eurobird">Eurobird</a> 1 until March 2012 and Eutelsat 28A until July 2015 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird#Hot_Bird_10" title="Hot Bird">Eutelsat 33E</a> (Hot Bird 10/Atlantic Bird 4A/Hot Bird 13D/Eutelsat 3C) </th> <td>2009-008B </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ECA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ECA">Ariane 5 ECA</a> </td> <td>Europe, South-West Asia </td> <td>12 February 2009 </td> <td>Formerly Hot Bird 10 and Atlantic Bird 4A<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_36A" title="Eutelsat 36A">Eutelsat 36A</a> (Eutelsat W4/Eutelsat 70C) </th> <td>2000-028A </td> <td rowspan="4"><span data-sort-value="36 !">36°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Atlas_IIIA" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlas IIIA">Atlas IIIA</a> </td> <td>Africa, Russia </td> <td>24 May 2000 </td> <td>Formerly named Eutelsat W4 until March 2012. </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_36B" title="Eutelsat 36B">Eutelsat 36B</a> (Eutelsat W7) </th> <td>2009-065A </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Proton-M" title="Proton-M">Proton-M</a>/<a href="/wiki/Briz-M" class="mw-redirect" title="Briz-M">Briz-M</a> </td> <td>Europe, Africa, Middle East, Russia </td> <td>24 November 2009 </td> <td>Formerly named Eutelsat W7 until March 2012 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_36C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 36C (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 36C</a> (Ekspress AMU1) </th> <td>2015-082A </td> <td>Russia, Africa </td> <td>2015 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_36D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 36D (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 36D</a> </th> <td>2024-059A </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_Block_5" title="Falcon 9 Block 5">Falcon 9 Block 5</a> </td> <td>Europe, Africa, Russia </td> <td>30 March 2024 </td> <td>Replacement for Eutelsat 36B </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_36_West_A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 36 West A (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 36 West A</a> (Atlantic Bird 1/Eutelsat 12 West A/Eutelsat 59A) </th> <td>2002-040A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="-36.5 !">36.5°W</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5G" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5G">Ariane 5G</a> </td> <td>Europe, Middle East, Americas </td> <td>28 August 2002 </td> <td>Formerly named <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Bird" title="Atlantic Bird">Atlantic Bird</a> 1 until March 2012, and Eutelsat 12 West A </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Afghansat_1" title="Afghansat 1">Eutelsat 48D</a> (Afghansat 1/Eutelsat W2M/Eutelsat 48B/Eutelsat 38B) </th> <td>2008-065B </td> <td><span data-sort-value="48 !">48°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ECA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ECA">Ariane 5 ECA</a> </td> <td>Afghanistan, Central Asia </td> <td>20 December 2008 </td> <td>Co-branded <a href="/wiki/Afghansat_1" title="Afghansat 1">Afghansat 1</a>. Formerly named Eutelsat 28B until January 2014, Eutelsat 48B until August 2012, W2M until March 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_Quantum" title="Eutelsat Quantum">Eutelsat Quantum</a> </th> <td>2021-069B </td> <td><span data-sort-value="48 !">48°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ECA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ECA">Ariane 5 ECA</a>+ </td> <td>Middle East, North Africa </td> <td>30 July 2021 </td> <td>First in-orbit reprogrammable satellite </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_65_West_A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 65 West A (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 65 West A</a> </th> <td>2016-014A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="-65 !">65°W</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ECA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ECA">Ariane 5 ECA</a> </td> <td>Americas </td> <td>9 March 2016 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_70B" title="Eutelsat 70B">Eutelsat 70B</a> (Eutelsat W5A) </th> <td>2012-069A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="70.5 !">70.5°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zenit-3SL" title="Zenit-3SL">Zenit-3SL</a> </td> <td>Europe, Middle East, Africa, Central Asia, South East Asia, Australia </td> <td>3 December 2012 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_113_West_A" title="Eutelsat 113 West A">Eutelsat 113 West A</a> (Satmex 6) </th> <td>2006-020A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="-113 !">113°W</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ECA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ECA">Ariane 5 ECA</a> </td> <td>Americas </td> <td>27 May 2006 </td> <td>Formerly Satmex 6 until May 2014 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_115_West_B" title="Eutelsat 115 West B">Eutelsat 115 West B</a> (Satmex 7) </th> <td>2015-010B </td> <td><span data-sort-value="-114.9 !">114.9°W</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_v1.1" title="Falcon 9 v1.1">Falcon 9 v1.1</a> </td> <td>Americas </td> <td>2 March 2015 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_117_West_A" title="Eutelsat 117 West A">Eutelsat 117 West A</a> (Satmex 8) </th> <td>2013-012A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="-116.8 !">116.8°W</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Proton-M" title="Proton-M">Proton-M</a>/<a href="/wiki/Briz-M" class="mw-redirect" title="Briz-M">Briz-M</a> </td> <td>Americas </td> <td>26 March 2013 </td> <td>Formerly Satmex 8 until May 2014 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_117_West_B" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 117 West B">Eutelsat 117 West B</a> (Satmex 9)<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>2016-038B </td> <td><span data-sort-value="-116.8 !">116.8°W</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_FT" class="mw-redirect" title="Falcon 9 FT">Falcon 9 FT</a> </td> <td>Americas </td> <td>15 June 2016 </td> <td>Formerly Satmex 9 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_139_West_A" title="Eutelsat 139 West A">Eutelsat 139 West A</a> (Eutelsat W3A/Eutelsat 7A) </th> <td>2004-008A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="139 !">139°W</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Proton-M" title="Proton-M">Proton-M</a>/<a href="/wiki/Briz-M" class="mw-redirect" title="Briz-M">Briz-M</a> </td> <td>Americas </td> <td>16 March 2004 </td> <td>Formerly named Eutelsat W3A until March 2012, then Eutelsat 7A </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_172B" title="Eutelsat 172B">Eutelsat 172B</a> </th> <td>2017-027A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="172 !">172°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ECA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ECA">Ariane 5 ECA</a> </td> <td>Asia-Pacific </td> <td>1 June 2017 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_174A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 174A (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 174A</a> (Eutelsat 172A/AMC 23/GE-23) </th> <td>2005-052A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="174 !">174°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Proton-M" title="Proton-M">Proton-M</a>/<a href="/wiki/Briz-M" class="mw-redirect" title="Briz-M">Briz-M</a> </td> <td>Asia-Pacific </td> <td>29 December 2005 </td> <td>Formerly Eutelsat 172A, and GE-23 satellite </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rented_capacity">Rented capacity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Rented capacity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Satellite </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Location </th> <th>Launch Vehicle </th> <th>Regions served </th> <th>Launch </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Astra_2E" title="Astra 2E">Eutelsat 28E</a> (Astra 2E) </th> <td><span data-sort-value="28.2 !">28.2°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Proton-M" title="Proton-M">Proton-M</a>/<a href="/wiki/Briz-M" class="mw-redirect" title="Briz-M">Briz-M</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">Europe </td> <td>29 September 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Astra_2F" title="Astra 2F">Eutelsat 28F</a> (Astra 2F) </th> <td><span data-sort-value="28.2 !">28.2°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ECA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ECA">Ariane 5 ECA</a> </td> <td>28 September 2012 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Astra_2G" title="Astra 2G">Eutelsat 28G</a> (Astra 2G) </th> <td><span data-sort-value="28.2 !">28.2°E</span> </td> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Proton-M" title="Proton-M">Proton-M</a>/<a href="/wiki/Briz-M" class="mw-redirect" title="Briz-M">Briz-M</a> </td> <td>27 December 2014 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Ekspress-AM_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekspress-AM 6">Eutelsat 53A</a> (Ekspress AM 6) </th> <td><span data-sort-value="56 !">56°E</span> </td> <td rowspan="3">Europe, Asia </td> <td>21 October 2014 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Ekspress-AT1" title="Ekspress-AT1">Ekspress-AT1</a> </th> <td><span data-sort-value="56 !">56°E</span> </td> <td rowspan="2">16 March 2014 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Ekspress-AT2" title="Ekspress-AT2">Ekspress-AT2</a> </th> <td><span data-sort-value="140 !">140°E</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Ekspress-AM22" title="Ekspress-AM22">SESAT 2</a> </th> <td><span data-sort-value="-15 !">15°W</span> </td> <td>Europe, Americas </td> <td>19 October 1999 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_satellites">Former satellites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Former satellites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Satellite </th> <th>COSPAR ID </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Location </th> <th>Launch Vehicle </th> <th>Launched </th> <th>Inclined </th> <th>Retired </th> <th>Lost </th> <th>Comments </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_I_F-1" title="Eutelsat I F-1">Eutelsat I F-1</a> (ECS 1) </th> <td>1983-058A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="13 !">13°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_1" title="Ariane 1">Ariane 1</a> </td> <td>1983 </td> <td>1989 </td> <td>1996 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_I_F-2" title="Eutelsat I F-2">Eutelsat I F-2</a> (ECS 2) </th> <td>1984-081A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7 !">7°E</span> </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Ariane_3" title="Ariane 3">Ariane 3</a> </td> <td>1984 </td> <td>1990 </td> <td>1993 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_I_F-4" title="Eutelsat I F-4">Eutelsat I F-4</a> (ECS 4) </th> <td>1987-078B </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7 !">7/13°E</span> </td> <td>1987 </td> <td>1993 </td> <td>2002 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_I_F-5" title="Eutelsat I F-5">Eutelsat I F-5</a> (ECS 5) </th> <td>1988-063B </td> <td><span data-sort-value="10 !">10°E</span> </td> <td>1988 </td> <td>1994 </td> <td>2000 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_2_F-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 2 F-1 (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 2 F-1</a> </th> <td>1990-079B </td> <td><span data-sort-value="13 !">13°E</span> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">Ariane 44LP H10</a> </td> <td>1990 </td> <td>1999 </td> <td>2003 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_2_F-2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 2 F-2 (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 2 F-2</a> </th> <td>1991-003B </td> <td><span data-sort-value="10 !">10°E</span> </td> <td rowspan="2">1991 </td> <td rowspan="2">2000 </td> <td>2005 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_2_F-3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 2 F-3 (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 2 F-3</a> </th> <td>1991-083A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="16 !">16°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Atlas_II" title="Atlas II">Atlas II</a> </td> <td>2004 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_2_F-4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 2 F-4 (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 2 F-4</a> </th> <td>1992-041B </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7 !">7°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">Ariane 44L H10</a> </td> <td>1992 </td> <td>2001 </td> <td>2003 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird#Hot_Bird_1" title="Hot Bird">Hot Bird 1</a> (Eutelsat 2 F-6) </th> <td>1995-016B </td> <td><span data-sort-value="13 !">13°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">Ariane 44LP H10+</a> </td> <td>1995 </td> <td>2006 </td> <td>2007 </td> <td>2012 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird#Hot_Bird_6" title="Hot Bird">Hot Bird 6</a> (Hot Bird 13A/Eutelsat 8 West C/Eutelsat 33D/Eutelsat 70D) </th> <td>1995-016B </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Atlas_V" title="Atlas V">Atlas V 401</a> </td> <td>2002 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>2016 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_21A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 21A (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 21A</a> (Eutelsat W6/Eutelsat W3/Eutelsat 48C) </th> <td>1995-016B </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Atlas_IIAS" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlas IIAS">Atlas IIAS</a> </td> <td>1999 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_8_West_D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 8 West D (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 8 West D</a> (Sinosat-3/Chinasat-5C/Eutelsat 3A) </th> <td> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Long_March_3A" title="Long March 3A">Long March 3A</a> </td> <td>2007 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_59A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 59A (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 59A</a> (Atlantic Bird 1/Eutelsat 12 West A/Eutelsat 36 West A) </th> <td>2002-040A </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5G" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5G">Ariane 5G</a> </td> <td>2002 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>2018 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/W_series_(satellites)" title="W series (satellites)">Eutelsat W2</a> </th> <td>1998-056A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="16 !">16°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">Ariane 44L H10-3</a> </td> <td>1998 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>2010 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_W3B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat W3B (page does not exist)">Eutelsat W3B</a><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>2010-056A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="16 !">16°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ECA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ECA">Ariane 5 ECA</a> </td> <td>2010 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>2010 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_W75&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat W75 (page does not exist)">Eutelsat W75</a> (Eurobird 10/Eurobird 4/Hot Bird 3/ABS 1B) </th> <td>1997-049A </td> <td rowspan="3"><span data-sort-value="4 !">4°E</span> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">Ariane 44LP H10-3</a> </td> <td>1997 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>2011 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>Former Hot Bird 3 and Eurobird 4 satellite </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_4A" title="Eutelsat 4A">Eutelsat 4A</a> (Eurobird 4A/Eutelsat W1) </th> <td>2000-052A </td> <td>2000 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>2012 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>Former Eutelsat W1 satellite </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_4B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 4B (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 4B</a> (Hot Bird 5/Eurobird 2/Arabsat 2D/Badr-2/Eutelsat 25A) </th> <td>1998-057A </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Atlas_IIA" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlas IIA">Atlas IIA</a> </td> <td>1998 </td> <td> </td> <td>2014 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>Formerly named <a href="/wiki/Eurobird" title="Eurobird">Eurobird</a> 2 until March 2012, now at 4E and called Eutelsat 4B </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_5_West_A" title="Eutelsat 5 West A">Eutelsat 5 West A</a> (Atlantic Bird 3) </th> <td>2002-035A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="-5 !">5°W</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5G" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5G">Ariane 5G</a> </td> <td>5 July 2002 </td> <td> </td> <td>January 2023 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>Formerly named <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Bird" title="Atlantic Bird">Atlantic Bird</a> 3 until March 2012, was also called <a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_5_West_A" title="Eutelsat 5 West A">Stellat 5</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_16B" title="Eutelsat 16B">Eutelsat 16B</a> (Hot Bird 4/Nilesat-103/Atlantic Bird 4/Eurobird 16) </th> <td>1998-013A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="16 !">16°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">Ariane 42P H10-3</a> </td> <td>1998 </td> <td> </td> <td>2015 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>Formerly named Eurobird 16 until March 2012; former Atlantic Bird 4 and Hot Bird 4 satellite </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_16C" title="Eutelsat 16C">Eutelsat 16C</a> (SESAT 1) </th> <td>2000-019A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="16 !">16°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Proton-K" title="Proton-K">Proton-K</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Blok_DM-2M&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blok DM-2M (page does not exist)">Blok DM-2M</a> </td> <td>2000 </td> <td> </td> <td>2018 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>Formerly named SESAT 1 until March 2012. Operated in inclined orbit at 16° East </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_12_West_B" title="Eutelsat 12 West B">Eutelsat 12 West B</a> (Atlantic Bird 2/Eutelsat 8 West A) </th> <td>2001-042A </td> <td>12.5°W </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">Ariane 44P H10-3</a> </td> <td>2001 </td> <td> </td> <td>2020 </td> <td> </td> <td>Formerly named Atlantic Bird 2 until March 2012 and Eutelsat 8 West A until October 2015, when it was redeployed to 12.5° West </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_31A" title="Eutelsat 31A">Eutelsat 31A</a> (eBird 1/Eutelsat 33A/Eurobird 3) </th> <td>2003-043A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="31 !">31°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5G" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5G">Ariane 5G</a> </td> <td>2003 </td> <td> </td> <td>2018 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>Formerly named <a href="/wiki/Eurobird" title="Eurobird">Eurobird</a> and Eutelsat 33A </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_33B" title="Eutelsat 33B">Eutelsat 33B</a> (Eutelsat W5/Eutelsat 70A/Eutelsat 25C) </th> <td>2002-051A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="33 !">33°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delta_IV_Medium" class="mw-redirect" title="Delta IV Medium">Delta IV Medium</a>+(4,2) </td> <td>2002 </td> <td> </td> <td>2015 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>Formerly named Eutelsat W5 until March 2012; lost one of two solar panels 16 June 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Now at 25° East and called Eutelsat 25C. </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_115_West_A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 115 West A (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 115 West A</a> (Satmex 5) </th> <td>1998-070A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="-114.8 !">114.8°W</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">Ariane 42L H10-3</a> </td> <td>1998 </td> <td> </td> <td>2015 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>Formerly Satmex 5 until May 2014 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_48A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 48A (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 48A</a> (Eurobird 9/Eutelsat W48/Hot Bird 2) </th> <td>1996-067A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="48 !">48°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Atlas_IIA" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlas IIA">Atlas IIA</a> </td> <td>21 November 1996 </td> <td> </td> <td>2017 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>Formerly named Eutelsat W48 until March 2012; former Hot Bird 2 and Eurobird 9 satellite; operating in inclined orbit. </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eurobird" title="Eurobird">Eutelsat 25B</a> (Es'hail 1) </th> <td>2013-044A </td> <td><span data-sort-value="25.5 !">25.5°E</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ECA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ECA">Ariane 5 ECA</a> </td> <td>29 August 1998 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Eutelsat's share in the satellite sold to <a href="/wiki/Es%27hailSat" title="Es'hailSat">Es'hailSat</a> in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Failure_of_Eutelsat_Satellite">Failure of Eutelsat Satellite</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Failure of Eutelsat Satellite"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Satellite </th> <th>COSPAR ID </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Location </th> <th>Launch Vehicle </th> <th>Launched </th> <th>Inclined </th> <th>Retired </th> <th>Lost </th> <th>Comments </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_I_F-3" title="Eutelsat I F-3">Eutelsat I F-3</a> (ECS 3) </th> <td> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_3" title="Ariane 3">Ariane 3</a> </td> <td>1985 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td rowspan="3">Launch Failure </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_2_F-5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 2 F-5 (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 2 F-5</a> </th> <td> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">Ariane 44LP H10+</a> </td> <td>1994 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird#Hot_Bird_7" title="Hot Bird">Hot Bird 7</a> </th> <td> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ECA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ECA">Ariane 5 ECA</a> </td> <td>2002 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Future_satellites">Future satellites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Future satellites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Satellite </th> <th>COSPAR ID </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Location </th> <th>Launch Vehicle </th> <th>Launched </th> <th>Inclined </th> <th>Retired </th> <th>Lost </th> <th>Comments </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flexsat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flexsat (page does not exist)">Flexsat</a> </th> <td> </td> <td>TBA </td> <td>TBA </td> <td>2026 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/28px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/42px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/56px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight" title="Portal:Spaceflight">Spaceflight portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="languageicon">(in French and English)</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guy_Leb%C3%A8gue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guy Lebègue (page does not exist)">Guy Lebègue</a>, (trad. Robert J. Amral), «Eutelsat II: OK For West-to-East Service!», in <i><a href="/wiki/Revue_Aerospatiale" title="Revue Aerospatiale">Revue aerospatiale</a></i>, n° 73, November 1990</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-report2022_2023-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-report2022_2023_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-report2022_2023_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-report2022_2023_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-report2022_2023_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-report2022_2023_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eutelsat.com/files/EC_consolidated_financial_statements_FY23%20vDEF_EN.pdf">"2022-2023 Consolidated Financial Statements"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Eutelsat Communications Group<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2022-2023+Consolidated+Financial+Statements&rft.pub=Eutelsat+Communications+Group&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eutelsat.com%2Ffiles%2FEC_consolidated_financial_statements_FY23%2520vDEF_EN.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEutelsat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-eutelsat-results-idUKKBN22Q2PA">"Eutelsat's sales fall as pandemic hits communications sector"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 10 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Eutelsat%27s+sales+fall+as+pandemic+hits+communications+sector&rft.date=2020-05-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-eutelsat-results-idUKKBN22Q2PA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEutelsat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.satnews.com/2023/12/19/world-teleport-association-publishes-top-operator-rankings-for-2023/">"World Teleport Association publishes Top Operator Rankings for 2023"</a>. <i>news.satnews.com</i>. SatNews<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eutelsat+consolidates+its+presence+in+Middle+East+with+the+acquisition+of+Noorsat&rft.pub=Eutelsat&rft.date=2017-10-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.eutelsat.com%2Fpressreleases%2Feutelsat-consolidates-its-presence-in-middle-east-with-the-acquisition-of-noorsat-2213854&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEutelsat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eutelsat.com/en/news/press.html#/pressreleases/eutelsat-and-oneweb-to-combine-a-leap-forward-in-satellite-connectivity-3195697">"Eutelsat will continue to be listed on Euronext Paris and apply for admission to standard listing on the London Stock Exchange"</a>. <i>Eutelsat</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eutelsat&rft.atitle=Eutelsat+will+continue+to+be+listed+on+Euronext+Paris+and+apply+for+admission+to+standard+listing+on+the+London+Stock+Exchange.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eutelsat.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fpress.html%23%2Fpressreleases%2Feutelsat-and-oneweb-to-combine-a-leap-forward-in-satellite-connectivity-3195697&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEutelsat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pax-intl.com/ife-connectivity/partnerships-collaborations-acquisitions/2023/10/02/eutelsat-and-oneweb-complete-merger/">"Eutelsat and OneWeb complete merger"</a>. <i>Pax International</i>. 2 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Space.skyrocket.de&rft.atitle=Hot+Bird+8%2C+9%2C+10+%E2%86%92+Eutelsat+Hot+Bird+13B%2C+13C%2C+13D%2F+Atlantic+Bird+4A%2F+Eutelsat+3C%2F+Eutelsat+Hotbird+13D&rft.date=2008-12-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspace.skyrocket.de%2Fdoc_sdat%2Fhotbird-8.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEutelsat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJulian_Clover2009" class="citation web cs1">Julian Clover (28 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/2009/01/28/in-orbit-failure-for-eutelsat-w2-replacement/">"In orbit failure for Eutelsat W2 replacement"</a>. <i>broadbandtvnews.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=broadbandtvnews.com&rft.atitle=In+orbit+failure+for+Eutelsat+W2+replacement&rft.date=2009-01-28&rft.au=Julian+Clover&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.broadbandtvnews.com%2F2009%2F01%2F28%2Fin-orbit-failure-for-eutelsat-w2-replacement%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEutelsat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spaceflightnow.com/2016/06/14/mission-events-timeline-for-falcon-9s-launch-for-abs-and-eutelsat/">Mission events timeline for Falcon 9's launch for ABS and Eutelsat</a> Spaceflight Now Retrieved 15 June 2016</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spaceflightnow.com/ariane/v197/101029w3b/">"Ariane Launch Report; Eutelsat declares craft total loss after propellant leak"</a>. Spaceflight Now<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ariane+Launch+Report%3B+Eutelsat+declares+craft+total+loss+after+propellant+leak&rft.pub=Spaceflight+Now&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spaceflightnow.com%2Fariane%2Fv197%2F101029w3b%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEutelsat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20090604195601/http://www.thalesonline.com/renderdetail/2a50523f-2f1b-5b76-7a36-3b7e34506361:central">"Thales Alenia Space statement concerning Eutelsat W5"</a>. Thales. 3 September 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thalesonline.com/renderdetail/2a50523f-2f1b-5b76-7a36-3b7e34506361:central">the original</a> on 4 June 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thales+Alenia+Space+statement+concerning+Eutelsat+W5&rft.pub=Thales&rft.date=2008-09-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thalesonline.com%2Frenderdetail%2F2a50523f-2f1b-5b76-7a36-3b7e34506361%3Acentral&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEutelsat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCaleb_Henry2018" class="citation news cs1">Caleb Henry (9 August 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spacenews.com/eutelsat-sells-shared-satellite-to-eshailsat/">"Eutelsat sells shared satellite to Es'hailSat"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Space_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Space News">Space News</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Eutelsat+sells+shared+satellite+to+Es%27hailSat&rft.date=2018-08-09&rft.au=Caleb+Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspacenews.com%2Feutelsat-sells-shared-satellite-to-eshailsat%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEutelsat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" 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href="/wiki/Template:Eutelsat" title="Template:Eutelsat"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Eutelsat" title="Template talk:Eutelsat"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Eutelsat" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Eutelsat"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Eutelsat_satellites66" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eutelsat</a> satellites</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Post-2012_designations66" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Post-2012 designations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_3B" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 3B">3B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_7A" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 7A">7A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_7B" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 7B">7B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_9B" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 9B">9B</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_10A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 10A (page does not exist)">10A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_16A" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 16A">16A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_16C" title="Eutelsat 16C">16C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_21B" title="Eutelsat 21B">21B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_25B/Es%27hail_1" title="Eutelsat 25B/Es'hail 1">25B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_31A" title="Eutelsat 31A">31A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_33B" title="Eutelsat 33B">33B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_33C" title="Eutelsat 33C">33C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_33E" title="Eutelsat 33E">33E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_36A" title="Eutelsat 36A">36A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_36B" title="Eutelsat 36B">36B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekspress-AMU1" title="Ekspress-AMU1">36C</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_48A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 48A (page does not exist)">48A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_48D" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 48D">48D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_70B" title="Eutelsat 70B">70B</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_70C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 70C (page does not exist)">70C</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_172A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 172A (page does not exist)">172A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_172B" title="Eutelsat 172B">172B</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_5_West_A" title="Eutelsat 5 West A">5WA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_5_West_B" title="Eutelsat 5 West B">5WB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_7_West_A" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 7 West A">7WA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_8_West_B" title="Eutelsat 8 West B">8WB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_12_West_B" title="Eutelsat 12 West B">12WB</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_36_West_A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 36 West A (page does not exist)">36WA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_65_West_A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 65 West A (page does not exist)">65WA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_113_West_A" title="Eutelsat 113 West A">113WA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_115_West_B" title="Eutelsat 115 West B">115WB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_117_West_A" title="Eutelsat 117 West A">117WA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_117_West_B" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 117 West B">117WB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird" title="Hot Bird">Hot Bird</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird_13B" title="Hot Bird 13B">13B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird_13C" title="Hot Bird 13C">13C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotbird_13E" class="mw-redirect" title="Hotbird 13E">13E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotbird_13F" class="mw-redirect" title="Hotbird 13F">13F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotbird_13G" class="mw-redirect" title="Hotbird 13G">13G</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KA-SAT" title="KA-SAT">KA-SAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekspress_AM22" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekspress AM22">SESAT-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telstar_12" title="Telstar 12">Telstar 12</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Pre-2012_designations66" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Pre-2012 designations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main brand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eutelsat I</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_I_F-1" title="Eutelsat I F-1">ECS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_I_F-2" title="Eutelsat I F-2">ECS-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_I_F-3" title="Eutelsat I F-3">ECS-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_I_F-4" title="Eutelsat I F-4">ECS-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_I_F-5" title="Eutelsat I F-5">ECS-5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eutelsat II</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_II_F-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat II F-1 (page does not exist)">F-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_II_F-2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat II F-2 (page does not exist)">F-2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_II_F-3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat II F-3 (page does not exist)">F-3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_II_F-4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat II F-4 (page does not exist)">F-4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_II_F-5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat II F-5 (page does not exist)">F-5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/W_series_(satellites)" title="W series (satellites)">W series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_4A" title="Eutelsat 4A">W1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_W2" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat W2">W2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_10A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 10A (page does not exist)">W2A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_48D" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 48D">W2M</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_48C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 48C (page does not exist)">W3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_7A" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 7A">W3A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_W3B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat W3B (page does not exist)">W3B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_16A" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 16A">W3C</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_3D" title="Eutelsat 3D">W3D</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_36A" title="Eutelsat 36A">W4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_33B" title="Eutelsat 33B">W5</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_70B" title="Eutelsat 70B">W5A</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_21A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 21A (page does not exist)">W6</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_21B" title="Eutelsat 21B">W6A</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_36B" title="Eutelsat 36B">W7</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_48A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 48A (page does not exist)">W48</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_W75&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat W75 (page does not exist)">W75</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird" title="Hot Bird">Hot Bird</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot Bird 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_48A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 48A (page does not exist)">2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_W75&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat W75 (page does not exist)">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_16B" title="Eutelsat 16B">4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_4B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 4B (page does not exist)">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_8_West_C" title="Eutelsat 8 West C">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird_7" title="Hot Bird 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_9A" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 9A">7A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird_13B" title="Hot Bird 13B">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird_13C" title="Hot Bird 13C">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird_13D" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot Bird 13D">10</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Bird" title="Atlantic Bird">Atlantic Bird</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_12_West_A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 12 West A (page does not exist)">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_8_West_A" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 8 West A">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_5_West_A" title="Eutelsat 5 West A">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_16B" title="Eutelsat 16B">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird_13D" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot Bird 13D">4A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_7_West_A" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 7 West A">7</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eurobird" title="Eurobird">Eurobird</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_33C" title="Eutelsat 33C">1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_4B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 4B (page does not exist)">2</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_25B/Es%27hail_1" title="Eutelsat 25B/Es'hail 1">2A</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_31A" title="Eutelsat 31A">3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_W75&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat W75 (page does not exist)">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_4A" title="Eutelsat 4A">4A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_48A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat 48A (page does not exist)">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_9A" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 9A">9A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutelsat_W75&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutelsat W75 (page does not exist)">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_16B" title="Eutelsat 16B">16</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_31A" title="Eutelsat 31A">e-Bird</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhongxing-5C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhongxing-5C (page does not exist)">Eutelsat 3A</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_3B" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 3B">Eutelsat 3B</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Bird_13D" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot Bird 13D">Eutelsat 3C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KA-SAT" title="KA-SAT">KA-SAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_16C" title="Eutelsat 16C">SESAT-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekspress_AM22" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekspress AM22">SESAT-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telstar_12" title="Telstar 12">Telstar 12</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Satellite_communications484" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Satcomm" title="Template:Satcomm"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Satcomm" title="Template talk:Satcomm"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Satcomm" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Satcomm"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Satellite_communications484" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">Satellite communications</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_television" title="Satellite television">Satellite television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_radio" title="Satellite radio">Satellite radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Internet_access" title="Satellite Internet access">Satellite Internet access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amateur_radio_satellite" title="Amateur radio satellite">Amateur satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_station" title="Ground station">Ground station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-throughput_satellite" title="High-throughput satellite">High-throughput satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">Relay satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transponder_(satellite_communications)" title="Transponder (satellite communications)">Transponder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carriage_dispute" title="Carriage dispute">Carriage dispute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sat-IP" title="Sat-IP">SAT>IP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monoblock_LNB" title="Monoblock LNB">Monoblock LNB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DiSEqC" title="DiSEqC">DiSEqC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Satellites_Automatic_Location_System" title="Universal Satellites Automatic Location System">USALS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_Tracking_Satellite_Dish" class="mw-redirect" title="Automatic Tracking Satellite Dish">Automatic Tracking Satellite Dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_dish#Motor-driven_dish" title="Satellite dish">Motor-driven Satellite dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_dish#Multi-satellite" title="Satellite dish">Multi-satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_dish" title="Satellite dish">Satellite dish</a> (<a href="/wiki/Parabolic_antenna" title="Parabolic antenna">Parabolic antennas</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_phone" title="Satellite phone">Satellite phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_modem" title="Satellite modem">Satellite modem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_data_unit" title="Satellite data unit">Satellite data unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spacebus" title="Spacebus">Spacebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Very-small-aperture_terminal" title="Very-small-aperture terminal">Very-small-aperture terminal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_radio" title="Satellite radio">Satellite radio</a> / <a href="/wiki/Satellite_television" title="Satellite television">TV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DVB-SH" title="DVB-SH">DVB-SH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-DMB" title="S-DMB">S-DMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVB-RCS" title="DVB-RCS">DVB-RCS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVB-S2" title="DVB-S2">DVB-S2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVB-S2X" title="DVB-S2X">DVB-S2X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISDB#ISDB-S3" title="ISDB">ISDB-S3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_audio_radio_service" title="Digital audio radio service">Digital audio radio service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Broadcast companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astra_Digital_Radio" title="Astra Digital Radio">Astra Digital Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirecTV" title="DirecTV">DirecTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network">Dish Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirius_XM" title="Sirius XM">Sirius XM Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_UK" title="Sky UK">Sky UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allente" title="Allente">Allente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1worldspace" title="1worldspace">1worldspace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Relay satellite companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AST_SpaceMobile" title="AST SpaceMobile">AST SpaceMobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar" title="EchoStar">EchoStar</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eutelsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globalstar" title="Globalstar">Globalstar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat" title="Hispasat">Hispasat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_Network_Systems" title="Hughes Network Systems">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inmarsat" title="Inmarsat">Inmarsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelsat" title="Intelsat">Intelsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersputnik" title="Intersputnik">Intersputnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iridium_Communications" title="Iridium Communications">Iridium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SED_Systems" title="SED Systems">SED Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SES_(company)" title="SES (company)">SES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qianfan" title="Qianfan">Shanghai Spacecom Satellite Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_One_(satellite_operator)" title="Star One (satellite operator)">Star One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starlink" title="Starlink">Starlink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesat" title="Telesat">Telesat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooway" title="Tooway">Tooway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrksat_(satellite)" title="Türksat (satellite)">Turksat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viasat_(American_company)" title="Viasat (American company)">Viasat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Satellite manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space">Airbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Defense,_Space_%26_Security" title="Boeing Defense, Space & Security">Boeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INVAP" title="INVAP">INVAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_Space" title="Lockheed Martin Space">Lockheed Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman" title="Northrop Grumman">Northrop Grumman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSL_(company)" title="SSL (company)">SSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thales_Alenia_Space" title="Thales Alenia Space">Thales Alenia Space</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trade organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consultative_Committee_for_Space_Data_Systems" title="Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems">Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ETSI_Satellite_Digital_Radio" title="ETSI Satellite Digital Radio">ETSI Satellite Digital Radio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communications_satellite_firsts" title="List of communications satellite firsts">List of communications satellite firsts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communication_satellite_companies" title="List of communication satellite companies">List of communication satellite companies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Communications_satellites" title="Category:Communications satellites"><b>Category</b></a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Communication_satellites" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Communication satellites"><b>Commons</b></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Telecommunications802" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Telecommunications" title="Template:Telecommunications"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Telecommunications" title="Template talk:Telecommunications"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Telecommunications" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Telecommunications"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Telecommunications802" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications" title="Telecommunications">Telecommunications</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_telecommunication" title="History of telecommunication">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beacon#For_defensive_communications" title="Beacon">Beacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_broadcasting" title="History of broadcasting">Broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_protection_system" title="Cable protection system">Cable protection system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">Cable TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite#History" title="Communications satellite">Communications satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_network#History" title="Computer network">Computer network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_compression" title="Data compression">Data compression</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audio_coding_format" title="Audio coding format">audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discrete_cosine_transform" title="Discrete cosine transform">DCT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Image_compression" title="Image compression">image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_coding_format" title="Video coding format">video</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_media" title="Digital media">Digital media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_video" title="Internet video">Internet video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_video_platform" title="Online video platform">online video platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">social media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">streaming</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drums_in_communication" title="Drums in communication">Drums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edholm%27s_law" title="Edholm's law">Edholm's law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrical_telegraph#History" title="Electrical telegraph">Electrical telegraph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fax#History" title="Fax">Fax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliograph#History" title="Heliograph">Heliographs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_telegraph#Greek_hydraulic_semaphore_system" title="Hydraulic telegraph">Hydraulic telegraph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_Age" title="Information Age">Information Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Information revolution">Information revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Internet" title="History of the Internet">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media#History" title="Mass media">Mass media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_mobile_phones" title="History of mobile phones">Mobile phone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">Smartphone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_communication" title="Optical communication">Optical telecommunication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_telegraph" title="Optical telegraph">Optical telegraphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pager" title="Pager">Pager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photophone" title="Photophone">Photophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_prepaid_mobile_phones" title="History of prepaid mobile phones">Prepaid mobile phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_radio" title="History of radio">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiotelephone" title="Radiotelephone">Radiotelephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">Satellite communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semaphore" title="Semaphore">Semaphore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phryctoria" title="Phryctoria">Phryctoria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor" title="Semiconductor">Semiconductor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor_device" title="Semiconductor device">device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MOSFET" title="MOSFET">MOSFET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_transistor" title="History of the transistor">transistor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoke_signal" title="Smoke signal">Smoke signals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_telecommunication" title="History of telecommunication">Telecommunications history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telautograph" title="Telautograph">Telautograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telegraphy" title="Telegraphy">Telegraphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teleprinter" title="Teleprinter">Teleprinter</a> (teletype)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_telephone" title="History of the telephone">Telephone</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Telephone_Cases" title="The Telephone Cases">The Telephone Cases</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_television" title="History of television">Television</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_television" title="Digital television">digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streaming_television" title="Streaming television">streaming</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_communications_cable#Early_history:_telegraph_and_coaxial_cables" title="Submarine communications cable">Undersea telegraph line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_videotelephony" title="History of videotelephony">Videotelephony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whistled_language" title="Whistled language">Whistled language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Wireless revolution">Wireless revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pioneers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasir_Ahmed_(engineer)" title="Nasir Ahmed (engineer)">Nasir Ahmed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Howard_Armstrong" title="Edwin Howard Armstrong">Edwin Howard Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_M._Atalla" title="Mohamed M. Atalla">Mohamed M. Atalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Logie_Baird" title="John Logie Baird">John Logie Baird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Baran" title="Paul Baran">Paul Baran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">John Bardeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Graham_Bell" title="Alexander Graham Bell">Alexander Graham Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emile_Berliner" title="Emile Berliner">Emile Berliner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Blake_(inventor)" title="Francis Blake (inventor)">Francis Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagadish_Chandra_Bose" title="Jagadish Chandra Bose">Jagadish Chandra Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bourseul" title="Charles Bourseul">Charles Bourseul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Houser_Brattain" title="Walter Houser Brattain">Walter Houser Brattain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vint_Cerf" title="Vint Cerf">Vint Cerf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Chappe" title="Claude Chappe">Claude Chappe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogen_Dalal" class="mw-redirect" title="Yogen Dalal">Yogen Dalal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Davies" title="Donald Davies">Donald Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Davis_Jr." title="Daniel Davis Jr.">Daniel Davis Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Dolbear" title="Amos Dolbear">Amos Dolbear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edison" title="Thomas Edison">Thomas Edison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philo_Farnsworth" title="Philo Farnsworth">Philo Farnsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Fessenden" title="Reginald Fessenden">Reginald Fessenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_de_Forest" title="Lee de Forest">Lee de Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_Gray" title="Elisha Gray">Elisha Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Heaviside" title="Oliver Heaviside">Oliver Heaviside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hooke" title="Robert Hooke">Robert Hooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erna_Schneider_Hoover" title="Erna Schneider Hoover">Erna Schneider Hoover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Hopkins_(physicist)" title="Harold Hopkins (physicist)">Harold Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardiner_Greene_Hubbard" title="Gardiner Greene Hubbard">Gardiner Greene Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Kahn" class="mw-redirect" title="Bob Kahn">Bob Kahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawon_Kahng" title="Dawon Kahng">Dawon Kahng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_K._Kao" title="Charles K. Kao">Charles K. Kao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narinder_Singh_Kapany" title="Narinder Singh Kapany">Narinder Singh Kapany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedy_Lamarr" title="Hedy Lamarr">Hedy Lamarr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Landell_de_Moura" title="Roberto Landell de Moura">Roberto Landell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocenzo_Manzetti" title="Innocenzo Manzetti">Innocenzo Manzetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Guglielmo Marconi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Metcalfe" title="Robert Metcalfe">Robert Metcalfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Meucci" title="Antonio Meucci">Antonio Meucci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Morse" title="Samuel Morse">Samuel Morse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jun-ichi_Nishizawa" title="Jun-ichi Nishizawa">Jun-ichi Nishizawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Grafton_Page" title="Charles Grafton Page">Charles Grafton Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radia_Perlman" title="Radia Perlman">Radia Perlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Stepanovich_Popov" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Stepanovich Popov">Alexander Stepanovich Popov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tivadar_Pusk%C3%A1s" title="Tivadar Puskás">Tivadar Puskás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Philipp_Reis" title="Johann Philipp Reis">Johann Philipp Reis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Shannon" title="Claude Shannon">Claude Shannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almon_Brown_Strowger" title="Almon Brown Strowger">Almon Brown Strowger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Sutton_(inventor)" title="Henry Sutton (inventor)">Henry Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sumner_Tainter" title="Charles Sumner Tainter">Charles Sumner Tainter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Tesla" title="Nikola Tesla">Nikola Tesla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Tissot" title="Camille Tissot">Camille Tissot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Vail" title="Alfred Vail">Alfred Vail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Watson" title="Thomas A. Watson">Thomas A. Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Wheatstone" title="Charles Wheatstone">Charles Wheatstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_K._Zworykin" title="Vladimir K. Zworykin">Vladimir K. Zworykin</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Internet_pioneers" title="List of Internet pioneers">Internet pioneers</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transmission_medium" title="Transmission medium">Transmission<br />media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coaxial_cable" title="Coaxial cable">Coaxial cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiber-optic_communication" title="Fiber-optic communication">Fiber-optic communication</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Optical_fiber" title="Optical fiber">optical fiber</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free-space_optical_communication" class="mw-redirect" title="Free-space optical communication">Free-space optical communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molecular_communication" title="Molecular communication">Molecular communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_wave" title="Radio wave">Radio waves</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wireless" title="Wireless">wireless</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_line" title="Transmission line">Transmission line</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunication_circuit" title="Telecommunication circuit">telecommunication circuit</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Network_topology" title="Network topology">Network topology</a><br />and switching</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandwidth_(computing)" title="Bandwidth (computing)">Bandwidth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_link" title="Telecommunications link">Links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_switch" title="Network switch">Network switching</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_switching" title="Circuit switching">circuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packet_switching" title="Packet switching">packet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Node_(networking)" title="Node (networking)">Nodes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terminal_(telecommunication)" title="Terminal (telecommunication)">terminal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_exchange" title="Telephone exchange">Telephone exchange</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Multiplexing" title="Multiplexing">Multiplexing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space-division_multiple_access" title="Space-division multiple access">Space-division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frequency-division_multiplexing" title="Frequency-division multiplexing">Frequency-division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time-division_multiplexing" title="Time-division multiplexing">Time-division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polarization-division_multiplexing" title="Polarization-division multiplexing">Polarization-division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbital_angular_momentum_multiplexing" title="Orbital angular momentum multiplexing">Orbital angular-momentum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code-division_multiple_access" title="Code-division multiple access">Code-division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communication_protocol" title="Communication protocol">Communication protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_network" title="Computer network">Computer network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_communication" title="Data communication">Data transmission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Store_and_forward" title="Store and forward">Store and forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_equipment" title="Telecommunications equipment">Telecommunications equipment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_network" title="Telecommunications network">Types of network</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cellular_network" title="Cellular network">Cellular network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Services_Digital_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Services Digital Network">ISDN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_area_network" title="Local area network">LAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_telephony" title="Mobile telephony">Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next-generation_network" title="Next-generation network">NGN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_switched_telephone_network" title="Public switched telephone network">Public Switched Telephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_network" title="Radio network">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Television broadcasting">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telex" title="Telex">Telex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UUCP" title="UUCP">UUCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wide_area_network" title="Wide area network">WAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_network" title="Wireless network">Wireless network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_network" title="Telecommunications network">Notable networks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARPANET" title="ARPANET">ARPANET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BITNET" title="BITNET">BITNET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CYCLADES" title="CYCLADES">CYCLADES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FidoNet" title="FidoNet">FidoNet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet2" title="Internet2">Internet2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JANET" title="JANET">JANET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NPL_network" title="NPL network">NPL network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toasternet" title="Toasternet">Toasternet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usenet" title="Usenet">Usenet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_Africa" title="Category:Telecommunications in Africa">Africa</a></li> <li>Americas <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_North_America" title="Category:Telecommunications in North America">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_South_America" title="Category:Telecommunications in South America">South</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Communications_in_Antarctica" title="Category:Communications in Antarctica">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_Asia" title="Category:Telecommunications in Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_Europe" title="Category:Telecommunications in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_Oceania" title="Category:Telecommunications in Oceania">Oceania</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_telecommunications_regulatory_bodies" title="List of telecommunications regulatory bodies">Global telecommunications regulation bodies</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/16px-Telecom-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/24px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/32px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Telecommunication" title="Portal:Telecommunication">Telecommunication portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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