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<button class="button is-small is-link">Go</button> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <ol class="breathe-horizontal" start="1"> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.08370">arXiv:2010.08370</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.08370">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2010.08370">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/03/P03007">10.1088/1748-0221/16/03/P03007 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Study of scintillation light collection, production and propagation in a 4 tonne dual-phase LArTPC </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aimard%2C+B">B. Aimard</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aizawa%2C+L">L. Aizawa</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alt%2C+C">C. Alt</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Asaadi%2C+J">J. Asaadi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Auger%2C+M">M. Auger</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aushev%2C+V">V. Aushev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Autiero%2C+D">D. Autiero</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Balaceanu%2C+A">A. Balaceanu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Balik%2C+G">G. Balik</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Balleyguier%2C+L">L. Balleyguier</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bechetoille%2C+E">E. Bechetoille</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Belver%2C+D">D. Belver</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Blebea-Apostu%2C+A+M">A. M. Blebea-Apostu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bolognesi%2C+S">S. Bolognesi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bordoni%2C+S">S. Bordoni</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bourgeois%2C+N">N. Bourgeois</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bourguille%2C+B">B. Bourguille</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bremer%2C+J">J. Bremer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Brown%2C+G">G. Brown</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Brunetti%2C+G">G. Brunetti</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Brunetti%2C+L">L. Brunetti</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Caiulo%2C+D">D. Caiulo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Calin%2C+M">M. Calin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Calvo%2C+E">E. Calvo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Campanelli%2C+M">M. Campanelli</a> , et al. (138 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2010.08370v3-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The $3 \times 1 \times 1$ m$^3$ demonstrator is a dual phase liquid argon time projection chamber that has recorded cosmic rays events in 2017 at CERN. The light signal in these detectors is crucial to provide precise timing capabilities. The performances of the photon detection system, composed of five PMTs, are discussed. The collected scintillation and electroluminescence light created by passi… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2010.08370v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2010.08370v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2010.08370v3-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The $3 \times 1 \times 1$ m$^3$ demonstrator is a dual phase liquid argon time projection chamber that has recorded cosmic rays events in 2017 at CERN. The light signal in these detectors is crucial to provide precise timing capabilities. The performances of the photon detection system, composed of five PMTs, are discussed. The collected scintillation and electroluminescence light created by passing particles has been studied in various detector conditions. In particular, the scintillation light production and propagation processes have been analyzed and compared to simulations, improving the understanding of some liquid argon properties. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2010.08370v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2010.08370v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 20 December, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 16 October, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> October 2020. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">30 pages, 26 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.10340">arXiv:1807.10340</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1807.10340">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1807.10340">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> The DUNE Far Detector Interim Design Report, Volume 3: Dual-Phase Module </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=DUNE+Collaboration"> DUNE Collaboration</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abi%2C+B">B. Abi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Acciarri%2C+R">R. Acciarri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Acero%2C+M+A">M. A. Acero</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adamowski%2C+M">M. Adamowski</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adams%2C+C">C. Adams</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adams%2C+D">D. Adams</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adamson%2C+P">P. Adamson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adinolfi%2C+M">M. Adinolfi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ahmad%2C+Z">Z. Ahmad</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Albright%2C+C+H">C. H. Albright</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Soplin%2C+L+A">L. Aliaga Soplin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alion%2C+T">T. Alion</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Monsalve%2C+S+A">S. Alonso Monsalve</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alrashed%2C+M">M. Alrashed</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alt%2C+C">C. Alt</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Anderson%2C+J">J. Anderson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Anderson%2C+K">K. Anderson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andreopoulos%2C+C">C. Andreopoulos</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andrews%2C+M+P">M. P. Andrews</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andrews%2C+R+A">R. A. Andrews</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ankowski%2C+A">A. Ankowski</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Anthony%2C+J">J. Anthony</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Antonello%2C+M">M. Antonello</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Antonova%2C+M">M. Antonova</a> , et al. (1076 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1807.10340v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The DUNE IDR describes the proposed physics program and technical designs of the DUNE far detector modules in preparation for the full TDR to be published in 2019. It is intended as an intermediate milestone on the path to a full TDR, justifying the technical choices that flow down from the high-level physics goals through requirements at all levels of the Project. These design choices will enable… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1807.10340v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1807.10340v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1807.10340v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The DUNE IDR describes the proposed physics program and technical designs of the DUNE far detector modules in preparation for the full TDR to be published in 2019. It is intended as an intermediate milestone on the path to a full TDR, justifying the technical choices that flow down from the high-level physics goals through requirements at all levels of the Project. These design choices will enable the DUNE experiment to make the ground-breaking discoveries that will help to answer fundamental physics questions. Volume 3 describes the dual-phase module's subsystems, the technical coordination required for its design, construction, installation, and integration, and its organizational structure. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1807.10340v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1807.10340v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 26 July, 2018; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> July 2018. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">280 pages, 109 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1807.10327</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Report number:</span> Fermilab-Design-2018-04 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.10334">arXiv:1807.10334</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1807.10334">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1807.10334">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> The DUNE Far Detector Interim Design Report Volume 1: Physics, Technology and Strategies </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=DUNE+Collaboration"> DUNE Collaboration</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abi%2C+B">B. Abi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Acciarri%2C+R">R. Acciarri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Acero%2C+M+A">M. A. Acero</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adamowski%2C+M">M. Adamowski</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adams%2C+C">C. Adams</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adams%2C+D">D. Adams</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adamson%2C+P">P. Adamson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adinolfi%2C+M">M. Adinolfi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ahmad%2C+Z">Z. Ahmad</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Albright%2C+C+H">C. H. Albright</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Soplin%2C+L+A">L. Aliaga Soplin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alion%2C+T">T. Alion</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Monsalve%2C+S+A">S. Alonso Monsalve</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alrashed%2C+M">M. Alrashed</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alt%2C+C">C. Alt</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Anderson%2C+J">J. Anderson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Anderson%2C+K">K. Anderson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andreopoulos%2C+C">C. Andreopoulos</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andrews%2C+M+P">M. P. Andrews</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andrews%2C+R+A">R. A. Andrews</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ankowski%2C+A">A. Ankowski</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Anthony%2C+J">J. Anthony</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Antonello%2C+M">M. Antonello</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Antonova%2C+M">M. Antonova</a> , et al. (1076 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1807.10334v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The DUNE IDR describes the proposed physics program and technical designs of the DUNE Far Detector modules in preparation for the full TDR to be published in 2019. It is intended as an intermediate milestone on the path to a full TDR, justifying the technical choices that flow down from the high-level physics goals through requirements at all levels of the Project. These design choices will enable… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1807.10334v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1807.10334v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1807.10334v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The DUNE IDR describes the proposed physics program and technical designs of the DUNE Far Detector modules in preparation for the full TDR to be published in 2019. It is intended as an intermediate milestone on the path to a full TDR, justifying the technical choices that flow down from the high-level physics goals through requirements at all levels of the Project. These design choices will enable the DUNE experiment to make the ground-breaking discoveries that will help to answer fundamental physics questions. Volume 1 contains an executive summary that describes the general aims of this document. The remainder of this first volume provides a more detailed description of the DUNE physics program that drives the choice of detector technologies. It also includes concise outlines of two overarching systems that have not yet evolved to consortium structures: computing and calibration. Volumes 2 and 3 of this IDR describe, for the single-phase and dual-phase technologies, respectively, each detector module's subsystems, the technical coordination required for its design, construction, installation, and integration, and its organizational structure. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1807.10334v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1807.10334v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 26 July, 2018; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> July 2018. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">83 pages, 11 figures</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Report number:</span> Fermilab-Design-2018-02 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.10327">arXiv:1807.10327</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1807.10327">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1807.10327">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> The DUNE Far Detector Interim Design Report, Volume 2: Single-Phase Module </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=DUNE+Collaboration"> DUNE Collaboration</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abi%2C+B">B. Abi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Acciarri%2C+R">R. Acciarri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Acero%2C+M+A">M. A. Acero</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adamowski%2C+M">M. Adamowski</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adams%2C+C">C. Adams</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adams%2C+D">D. Adams</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adamson%2C+P">P. Adamson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adinolfi%2C+M">M. Adinolfi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ahmad%2C+Z">Z. Ahmad</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Albright%2C+C+H">C. H. Albright</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Soplin%2C+L+A">L. Aliaga Soplin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alion%2C+T">T. Alion</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Monsalve%2C+S+A">S. Alonso Monsalve</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alrashed%2C+M">M. Alrashed</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alt%2C+C">C. Alt</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Anderson%2C+J">J. Anderson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Anderson%2C+K">K. Anderson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andreopoulos%2C+C">C. Andreopoulos</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andrews%2C+M+P">M. P. Andrews</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andrews%2C+R+A">R. A. Andrews</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ankowski%2C+A">A. Ankowski</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Anthony%2C+J">J. Anthony</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Antonello%2C+M">M. Antonello</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Antonova%2C+M">M. Antonova</a> , et al. (1076 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1807.10327v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The DUNE IDR describes the proposed physics program and technical designs of the DUNE far detector modules in preparation for the full TDR to be published in 2019. It is intended as an intermediate milestone on the path to a full TDR, justifying the technical choices that flow down from the high-level physics goals through requirements at all levels of the Project. These design choices will enable… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1807.10327v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1807.10327v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1807.10327v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The DUNE IDR describes the proposed physics program and technical designs of the DUNE far detector modules in preparation for the full TDR to be published in 2019. It is intended as an intermediate milestone on the path to a full TDR, justifying the technical choices that flow down from the high-level physics goals through requirements at all levels of the Project. These design choices will enable the DUNE experiment to make the ground-breaking discoveries that will help to answer fundamental physics questions. Volume 2 describes the single-phase module's subsystems, the technical coordination required for its design, construction, installation, and integration, and its organizational structure. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1807.10327v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1807.10327v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 26 July, 2018; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> July 2018. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">324 pages, 130 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1807.10340</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Report number:</span> Fermilab-Design-2018-03 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.03317">arXiv:1806.03317</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1806.03317">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1806.03317">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/13/11/P11003">10.1088/1748-0221/13/11/P11003 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> A 4 tonne demonstrator for large-scale dual-phase liquid argon time projection chambers </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aimard%2C+B">B. Aimard</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alt%2C+C">Ch. Alt</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Asaadi%2C+J">J. Asaadi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Auger%2C+M">M. Auger</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aushev%2C+V">V. Aushev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Autiero%2C+D">D. Autiero</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Badoi%2C+M+M">M. M. Badoi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Balaceanu%2C+A">A. Balaceanu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Balik%2C+G">G. Balik</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Balleyguier%2C+L">L. Balleyguier</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bechetoille%2C+E">E. Bechetoille</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Belver%2C+D">D. Belver</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Blebea-Apostu%2C+A+M">A. M. Blebea-Apostu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bolognesi%2C+S">S. Bolognesi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bordoni%2C+S">S. Bordoni</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bourgeois%2C+N">N. Bourgeois</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bourguille%2C+B">B. Bourguille</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bremer%2C+J">J. Bremer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Brown%2C+G">G. Brown</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Brunetti%2C+G">G. Brunetti</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Brunetti%2C+L">L. Brunetti</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Caiulo%2C+D">D. Caiulo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Calin%2C+M">M. Calin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Calvo%2C+E">E. Calvo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Campanelli%2C+M">M. Campanelli</a> , et al. (147 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1806.03317v3-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> A 10 kilo-tonne dual-phase liquid argon TPC is one of the detector options considered for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). The detector technology relies on amplification of the ionisation charge in ultra-pure argon vapour and oers several advantages compared to the traditional single-phase liquid argon TPCs. A 4.2 tonne dual-phase liquid argon TPC prototype, the largest of its kin… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1806.03317v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1806.03317v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1806.03317v3-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> A 10 kilo-tonne dual-phase liquid argon TPC is one of the detector options considered for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). The detector technology relies on amplification of the ionisation charge in ultra-pure argon vapour and oers several advantages compared to the traditional single-phase liquid argon TPCs. A 4.2 tonne dual-phase liquid argon TPC prototype, the largest of its kind, with an active volume of 3x1x1 $m^3$ has been constructed and operated at CERN. In this paper we describe in detail the experimental setup and detector components as well as report on the operation experience. We also present the first results on the achieved charge amplification, prompt scintillation and electroluminescence detection, and purity of the liquid argon from analyses of a collected sample of cosmic ray muons. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1806.03317v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1806.03317v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 19 October, 2018; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 8 June, 2018; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2018. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.00993">arXiv:1606.00993</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1606.00993">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1606.00993">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2016.05.073">10.1016/j.nima.2016.05.073 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> High rate, fast timing Glass RPC for the high $畏$ CMS muon detectors </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gouzevitch%2C+M">Maxime Gouzevitch</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lagarde%2C+F">Fran莽ois Lagarde</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Laktineh%2C+I">Imad Laktineh</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Buridon%2C+V">Victor Buridon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+X">Xiushan Chen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Combaret%2C+C">Christophe Combaret</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Eynard%2C+A">Alexis Eynard</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Germani%2C+L">Lionel Germani</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Grenier%2C+G">Gerald Grenier</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mathez%2C+H">Herv茅 Mathez</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mirabito%2C+L">Laurent Mirabito</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Petrukhin%2C+A">Alexei Petrukhin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Steen%2C+A">Arnaud Steen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tromeur%2C+W">William Tromeur</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+Y">Yi Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+F">Fuyue Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Moreau%2C+N">Nathalie Moreau</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=de+la+Taille%2C+C">Christophe de la Taille</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dulucq%2C+F">Fr茅deric Dulucq</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1606.00993v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The HL-LHC phase is designed to increase by an order of magnitude the amount of data to be collected by the LHC experiments. To achieve this goal in a reasonable time scale the instantaneous luminosity would also increase by an order of magnitude up to $6 \cdot 10^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$. The region of the forward muon spectrometer ($|畏| > 1.6$) is not equipped with RPC stations. The increase of t… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1606.00993v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1606.00993v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1606.00993v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The HL-LHC phase is designed to increase by an order of magnitude the amount of data to be collected by the LHC experiments. To achieve this goal in a reasonable time scale the instantaneous luminosity would also increase by an order of magnitude up to $6 \cdot 10^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$. The region of the forward muon spectrometer ($|畏| > 1.6$) is not equipped with RPC stations. The increase of the expected particles rate up to 2 kHz/cm$^2$ ( including a safety factor 3 ) motivates the installation of RPC chambers to guarantee redundancy with the CSC chambers already present. The actual RPC technology of CMS cannot sustain the expected background level. A new generation Glass-RPC (GRPC) using low resistivity glass (LR) is proposed to equip at least the two most far away of the four high eta muon stations of CMS. The design of small size prototypes and the studies of their performances under high rate particles flux is presented. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1606.00993v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1606.00993v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 3 June, 2016; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2016. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">5 pages, 5 figures, proceeding for the conference VCI 2016</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A (2016) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1506.05316">arXiv:1506.05316</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1506.05316">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1506.05316">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Construction and commissioning of a technological prototype of a high-granularity semi-digital hadronic calorimeter </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Baulieu%2C+G">G. Baulieu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bedjidian%2C+M">M. Bedjidian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Belkadhi%2C+K">K. Belkadhi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Berenguer%2C+J">J. Berenguer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Boudry%2C+V">V. Boudry</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Calabria%2C+P">P. Calabria</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Callier%2C+S">S. Callier</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Almillo%2C+E+C">E. Calvo Almillo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cap%2C+S">S. Cap</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Caponetto%2C+L">L. Caponetto</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Combaret%2C+C">C. Combaret</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cornat%2C+R">R. Cornat</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gil%2C+E+C">E. Cortina Gil</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=de+Callatay%2C+B">B. de Callatay</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Davin%2C+F">F. Davin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=de+la+Taille%2C+C">C. de la Taille</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dellanegra%2C+R">R. Dellanegra</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Delaunay%2C+D">D. Delaunay</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Doizon%2C+F">F. Doizon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dulucq%2C+F">F. Dulucq</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Eynard%2C+A">A. Eynard</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fouz%2C+M">M-C. Fouz</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gastaldi%2C+F">F. Gastaldi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Germani%2C+L">L. Germani</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Grenier%2C+G">G. Grenier</a> , et al. (21 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1506.05316v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> A large prototype of 1.3m3 was designed and built as a demonstrator of the semi-digital hadronic calorimeter (SDHCAL) concept proposed for the future ILC experiments. The prototype is a sampling hadronic calorimeter of 48 units. Each unit is built of an active layer made of 1m2 Glass Resistive Plate Chamber(GRPC) detector placed inside a cassette whose walls are made of stainless steel. The casset… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1506.05316v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1506.05316v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1506.05316v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> A large prototype of 1.3m3 was designed and built as a demonstrator of the semi-digital hadronic calorimeter (SDHCAL) concept proposed for the future ILC experiments. The prototype is a sampling hadronic calorimeter of 48 units. Each unit is built of an active layer made of 1m2 Glass Resistive Plate Chamber(GRPC) detector placed inside a cassette whose walls are made of stainless steel. The cassette contains also the electronics used to read out the GRPC detector. The lateral granularity of the active layer is provided by the electronics pick-up pads of 1cm2 each. The cassettes are inserted into a self-supporting mechanical structure built also of stainless steel plates which, with the cassettes walls, play the role of the absorber. The prototype was designed to be very compact and important efforts were made to minimize the number of services cables to optimize the efficiency of the Particle Flow Algorithm techniques to be used in the future ILC experiments. The different components of the SDHCAL prototype were studied individually and strict criteria were applied for the final selection of these components. Basic calibration procedures were performed after the prototype assembling. The prototype is the first of a series of new-generation detectors equipped with a power-pulsing mode intended to reduce the power consumption of this highly granular detector. A dedicated acquisition system was developed to deal with the output of more than 440000 electronics channels in both trigger and triggerless modes. After its completion in 2011, the prototype was commissioned using cosmic rays and particles beams at CERN. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1506.05316v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1506.05316v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 24 October, 2015; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 15 June, 2015; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2015. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">49 pages, 41 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1404.6454">arXiv:1404.6454</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1404.6454">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1404.6454">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/9/07/P07022">10.1088/1748-0221/9/07/P07022 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> The Time Structure of Hadronic Showers in highly granular Calorimeters with Tungsten and Steel Absorbers </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adloff%2C+C">C. Adloff</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Blaising%2C+J+-">J. -J. Blaising</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chefdeville%2C+M">M. Chefdeville</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Drancourt%2C+C">C. Drancourt</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gaglione%2C+R">R. Gaglione</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Geffroy%2C+N">N. Geffroy</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Karyotakis%2C+Y">Y. Karyotakis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Koletsou%2C+I">I. Koletsou</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Prast%2C+J">J. Prast</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Repond%2C+G+V+J">G. Vouters J. Repond</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Schlereth%2C+J">J. Schlereth</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Baldolemar%2C+L+X+E">L. Xia E. Baldolemar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+J">J. Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Park%2C+S+T">S. T. Park</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sosebee%2C+M">M. Sosebee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=White%2C+A+P">A. P. White</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yu%2C+J">J. Yu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Eigen%2C+G">G. Eigen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Thomson%2C+M+A">M. A. Thomson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ward%2C+D+R">D. R. Ward</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Benchekroun%2C+D">D. Benchekroun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hoummada%2C+A">A. Hoummada</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Apostolakis%2C+Y+K+J">Y. Khoulaki J. Apostolakis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Arfaoui%2C+S">S. Arfaoui</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Benoit%2C+M">M. Benoit</a> , et al. (188 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1404.6454v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The intrinsic time structure of hadronic showers influences the timing capability and the required integration time of hadronic calorimeters in particle physics experiments, and depends on the active medium and on the absorber of the calorimeter. With the CALICE T3B experiment, a setup of 15 small plastic scintillator tiles read out with Silicon Photomultipliers, the time structure of showers is m… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1404.6454v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1404.6454v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1404.6454v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The intrinsic time structure of hadronic showers influences the timing capability and the required integration time of hadronic calorimeters in particle physics experiments, and depends on the active medium and on the absorber of the calorimeter. With the CALICE T3B experiment, a setup of 15 small plastic scintillator tiles read out with Silicon Photomultipliers, the time structure of showers is measured on a statistical basis with high spatial and temporal resolution in sampling calorimeters with tungsten and steel absorbers. The results are compared to GEANT4 (version 9.4 patch 03) simulations with different hadronic physics models. These comparisons demonstrate the importance of using high precision treatment of low-energy neutrons for tungsten absorbers, while an overall good agreement between data and simulations for all considered models is observed for steel. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1404.6454v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1404.6454v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 21 July, 2014; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 25 April, 2014; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> April 2014. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">24 pages including author list, 9 figures, published in JINST</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Report number:</span> MPP-2014-147 </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> JINST 9 (2014) P07022 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1311.3761">arXiv:1311.3761</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1311.3761">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/ps/1311.3761">ps</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1311.3761">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2014.06.039">10.1016/j.nima.2014.06.039 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Performance of the first prototype of the CALICE scintillator strip electromagnetic calorimeter </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=CALICE+Collaboration"> CALICE Collaboration</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Francis%2C+K">K. Francis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Repond%2C+J">J. Repond</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Schlereth%2C+J">J. Schlereth</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Smith%2C+J">J. Smith</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xia%2C+L">L. Xia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Baldolemar%2C+E">E. Baldolemar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+J">J. Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Park%2C+S+T">S. T. Park</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sosebee%2C+M">M. Sosebee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=White%2C+A+P">A. P. White</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yu%2C+J">J. Yu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Eigen%2C+G">G. Eigen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mikami%2C+Y">Y. Mikami</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Watson%2C+N+K">N. K. Watson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Thomson%2C+M+A">M. A. Thomson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ward%2C+D+R">D. R. Ward</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Benchekroun%2C+D">D. Benchekroun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hoummada%2C+A">A. Hoummada</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Khoulaki%2C+Y">Y. Khoulaki</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Apostolakis%2C+J">J. Apostolakis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dotti%2C+A">A. Dotti</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Folger%2C+G">G. Folger</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ivantchenko%2C+V">V. Ivantchenko</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ribon%2C+A">A. Ribon</a> , et al. (169 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1311.3761v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> A first prototype of a scintillator strip-based electromagnetic calorimeter was built, consisting of 26 layers of tungsten absorber plates interleaved with planes of 45x10x3 mm3 plastic scintillator strips. Data were collected using a positron test beam at DESY with momenta between 1 and 6 GeV/c. The prototype's performance is presented in terms of the linearity and resolution of the energy measur… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1311.3761v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1311.3761v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1311.3761v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> A first prototype of a scintillator strip-based electromagnetic calorimeter was built, consisting of 26 layers of tungsten absorber plates interleaved with planes of 45x10x3 mm3 plastic scintillator strips. Data were collected using a positron test beam at DESY with momenta between 1 and 6 GeV/c. The prototype's performance is presented in terms of the linearity and resolution of the energy measurement. These results represent an important milestone in the development of highly granular calorimeters using scintillator strip technology. This technology is being developed for a future linear collider experiment, aiming at the precise measurement of jet energies using particle flow techniques. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1311.3761v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1311.3761v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 11 June, 2014; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 15 November, 2013; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2013. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A (2014), pp. 278-289 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1311.3505">arXiv:1311.3505</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1311.3505">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1311.3505">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/9/01/P01004">10.1088/1748-0221/9/01/P01004 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Shower development of particles with momenta from 1 to 10 GeV in the CALICE Scintillator-Tungsten HCAL </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adloff%2C+C">C. Adloff</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Blaising%2C+J+-">J. -J. Blaising</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chefdeville%2C+M">M. Chefdeville</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Drancourt%2C+C">C. Drancourt</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gaglione%2C+R">R. Gaglione</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Geffroy%2C+N">N. Geffroy</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Karyotakis%2C+Y">Y. Karyotakis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Koletsou%2C+I">I. Koletsou</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Prast%2C+J">J. Prast</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Vouters%2C+G">G. Vouters</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Repond%2C+J">J. Repond</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Schlereth%2C+J">J. Schlereth</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Smith%2C+J">J. Smith</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xia%2C+L">L. Xia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Baldolemar%2C+E">E. Baldolemar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+J">J. Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Park%2C+S+T">S. T. Park</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sosebee%2C+M">M. Sosebee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=White%2C+A+P">A. P. White</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yu%2C+J">J. Yu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Eigen%2C+G">G. Eigen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Thomson%2C+M+A">M. A. Thomson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ward%2C+D+R">D. R. Ward</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Benchekroun%2C+D">D. Benchekroun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hoummada%2C+A">A. Hoummada</a> , et al. (194 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1311.3505v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Lepton colliders are considered as options to complement and to extend the physics programme at the Large Hadron Collider. The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is an $e^+e^-$ collider under development aiming at centre-of-mass energies of up to 3 TeV. For experiments at CLIC, a hadron sampling calorimeter with tungsten absorber is proposed. Such a calorimeter provides sufficient depth to contain hig… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1311.3505v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1311.3505v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1311.3505v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Lepton colliders are considered as options to complement and to extend the physics programme at the Large Hadron Collider. The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is an $e^+e^-$ collider under development aiming at centre-of-mass energies of up to 3 TeV. For experiments at CLIC, a hadron sampling calorimeter with tungsten absorber is proposed. Such a calorimeter provides sufficient depth to contain high-energy showers, while allowing a compact size for the surrounding solenoid. A fine-grained calorimeter prototype with tungsten absorber plates and scintillator tiles read out by silicon photomultipliers was built and exposed to particle beams at CERN. Results obtained with electrons, pions and protons of momenta up to 10 GeV are presented in terms of energy resolution and shower shape studies. The results are compared with several GEANT4 simulation models in order to assess the reliability of the Monte Carlo predictions relevant for a future experiment at CLIC. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1311.3505v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1311.3505v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 13 January, 2014; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 14 November, 2013; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2013. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">28 pages, 23 figures, 3 tables</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> JINST 9 P01004 January 2014 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1305.7027">arXiv:1305.7027</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1305.7027">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1305.7027">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Track segments in hadronic showers in a highly granular scintillator-steel hadron calorimeter </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=CALICE+Collaboration"> CALICE Collaboration</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adloff%2C+C">C. Adloff</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Blaising%2C+J+-">J. -J. Blaising</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chefdeville%2C+M">M. Chefdeville</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Drancourt%2C+C">C. Drancourt</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gaglione%2C+R">R. Gaglione</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Geffroy%2C+N">N. Geffroy</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Karyotakis%2C+Y">Y. Karyotakis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Koletsou%2C+I">I. Koletsou</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Prast%2C+J">J. Prast</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Vouters%2C+G">G. Vouters</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Francis%2C+K">K. Francis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Repond%2C+J">J. Repond</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Schlereth%2C+J">J. Schlereth</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Smith%2C+J">J. Smith</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xia%2C+L">L. Xia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Baldolemar%2C+E">E. Baldolemar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+J">J. Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Park%2C+S+T">S. T. Park</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sosebee%2C+M">M. Sosebee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=White%2C+A+P">A. P. White</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yu%2C+J">J. Yu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Eigen%2C+G">G. Eigen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mikami%2C+Y">Y. Mikami</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Watson%2C+N+K">N. K. Watson</a> , et al. (184 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1305.7027v3-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We investigate the three dimensional substructure of hadronic showers in the CALICE scintillator-steel hadronic calorimeter. The high granularity of the detector is used to find track segments of minimum ionising particles within hadronic showers, providing sensitivity to the spatial structure and the details of secondary particle production in hadronic cascades. The multiplicity, length and angul… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1305.7027v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1305.7027v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1305.7027v3-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We investigate the three dimensional substructure of hadronic showers in the CALICE scintillator-steel hadronic calorimeter. The high granularity of the detector is used to find track segments of minimum ionising particles within hadronic showers, providing sensitivity to the spatial structure and the details of secondary particle production in hadronic cascades. The multiplicity, length and angular distribution of identified track segments are compared to GEANT4 simulations with several different shower models. Track segments also provide the possibility for in-situ calibration of highly granular calorimeters. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1305.7027v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1305.7027v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 29 July, 2013; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 30 May, 2013; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> May 2013. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">27 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in JINST</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Report number:</span> MPP-2013-143 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1011.5969">arXiv:1011.5969</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1011.5969">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1011.5969">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/6/02/P02001">10.1088/1748-0221/6/02/P02001 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Performance of Glass Resistive Plate Chambers for a high granularity semi-digital calorimeter </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bedjidian%2C+M">M. Bedjidian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Belkadhi%2C+K">K. Belkadhi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Boudry%2C+V">V. Boudry</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Combaret%2C+C">C. Combaret</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Decotigny%2C+D">D. Decotigny</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gil%2C+E+C">E. Cortina Gil</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=de+la+Taille%2C+C">C. de la Taille</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dellanegra%2C+R">R. Dellanegra</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gapienko%2C+V+A">V. A. Gapienko</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Grenier%2C+G">G. Grenier</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Jauffret%2C+C">C. Jauffret</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kieffer%2C+R">R. Kieffer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fouz%2C+M+-">M. -C. Fouz</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Han%2C+R">R. Han</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Laktineh%2C+I">I. Laktineh</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lumb%2C+N">N. Lumb</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Manai%2C+K">K. Manai</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mannai%2C+S">S. Mannai</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mathez%2C+H">H. Mathez</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mirabito%2C+L">L. Mirabito</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pelayo%2C+J+P">J. Puerta Pelayo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ruan%2C+M">M. Ruan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Schirra%2C+F">F. Schirra</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Seguin-Moreau%2C+N">N. Seguin-Moreau</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tromeur%2C+W">W. Tromeur</a> , et al. (3 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1011.5969v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> A new design of highly granular hadronic calorimeter using Glass Resistive Plate Chambers (GRPCs) with embedded electronics has been proposed for the future International Linear Collider (ILC) experiments. It features a 2-bit threshold semi-digital read-out. Several GRPC prototypes with their electronics have been successfully built and tested in pion beams. The design of these detectors is presen… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1011.5969v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1011.5969v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1011.5969v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> A new design of highly granular hadronic calorimeter using Glass Resistive Plate Chambers (GRPCs) with embedded electronics has been proposed for the future International Linear Collider (ILC) experiments. It features a 2-bit threshold semi-digital read-out. Several GRPC prototypes with their electronics have been successfully built and tested in pion beams. The design of these detectors is presented along with the test results on efficiency, pad multiplicity, stability and reproducibility. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1011.5969v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1011.5969v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 30 December, 2010; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 27 November, 2010; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2010. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">16 pages, 15 figures</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> JINST 6:P02001,2011 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/0906.2325">arXiv:0906.2325</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/0906.2325">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> MicroTCA implementation of synchronous Ethernet-Based DAQ systems for large scale experiments </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Girerd%2C+C">C. Girerd</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Autiero%2C+D">D. Autiero</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Carlus%2C+B">B. Carlus</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gardien%2C+S">S. Gardien</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Marteau%2C+J">J. Marteau</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tromeur%2C+W">W. Tromeur</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="0906.2325v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Large LAr TPCs are among the most powerful detectors to address open problems in particle and astro-particle physics, such as CP violation in leptonic sector, neutrino properties and their astrophysical implications, proton decay search etc. The scale of such detector implies severe constraints on their readout and DAQ system. In this article we describe a data acquisition scheme for this new ge… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('0906.2325v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('0906.2325v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="0906.2325v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Large LAr TPCs are among the most powerful detectors to address open problems in particle and astro-particle physics, such as CP violation in leptonic sector, neutrino properties and their astrophysical implications, proton decay search etc. The scale of such detector implies severe constraints on their readout and DAQ system. In this article we describe a data acquisition scheme for this new generation of large detectors. The main challenge is to propose a scalable and easy to use solution able to manage a large number of channels at the lowest cost. It is interesting to note that these constraints are very similar to those existing in Network Telecommunication Industry. We propose to study how emerging technologies like ATCA and $渭$TCA could be used in neutrino experiments. We describe the design of an Advanced Mezzanine Board (AMC) including 32 ADC channels. This board receives 32 analogical channels at the front panel and sends the formatted data through the $渭$TCA backplane using a Gigabit Ethernet link. The gigabit switch of the MCH is used to centralize and to send the data to the event building computer. The core of this card is a FPGA (ARIA-GX from ALTERA) including the whole system except the memories. A hardware accelerator has been implemented using a NIOS II $渭$P and a Gigabit MAC IP. Obviously, in order to be able to reconstruct the tracks from the events a time synchronisation system is mandatory. We decided to implement the IEEE1588 standard also called Precision Timing Protocol, another emerging and promising technology in Telecommunication Industry. In this article we describe a Gigabit PTP implementation using the recovered clock of the gigabit link. By doing so the drift is directly cancelled and the PTP will be used only to evaluate and to correct the offset. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('0906.2325v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('0906.2325v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 12 June, 2009; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2009. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Talk presented at the 2009 Real Time Conference, Beijing, May '09, submitted to the proceedings</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> 2009 Real Time Conference, Beijing : Chine (2009) </p> </li> </ol> 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