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id="toc-La_missione_finale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voli" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voli"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Voli</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voli-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Space Shuttle Columbia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 53 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-53" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">53 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruimtependeltuig_Columbia" title="Ruimtependeltuig Columbia - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ruimtependeltuig Columbia" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7_(%D9%85%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83_%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A1)" title="كولومبيا (مكوك فضاء) - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كولومبيا (مكوك فضاء)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tresbordador_espacial_Columbia" title="Tresbordador espacial Columbia - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Tresbordador espacial Columbia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolumbiya_(%C5%9Fattl)" title="Kolumbiya (şattl) - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kolumbiya (şattl)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Колумбия (совалка) - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Колумбия (совалка)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="স্পেস শাটল কলম্বিয়া - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="স্পেস শাটল কলম্বিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_shuttle_%22Columbia%22" title="Space shuttle "Columbia" - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Space shuttle "Columbia"" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transbordador_espacial_Columbia" title="Transbordador espacial Columbia - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Transbordador espacial Columbia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_(raketopl%C3%A1n)" title="Columbia (raketoplán) - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Columbia (raketoplán)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_(rumf%C3%A6rge)" title="Columbia (rumfærge) - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Columbia (rumfærge)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_(Raumf%C3%A4hre)" title="Columbia (Raumfähre) - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Columbia (Raumfähre)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%9B%CE%B5%CF%89%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF_%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Διαστημικό Λεωφορείο Κολούμπια - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Διαστημικό Λεωφορείο Κολούμπια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Columbia" title="Space Shuttle Columbia - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Space Shuttle Columbia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmopramo_Columbia" title="Kosmopramo Columbia - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kosmopramo Columbia" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transbordador_espacial_Columbia" title="Transbordador espacial Columbia - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Transbordador espacial Columbia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmoses%C3%BCstik_Columbia" title="Kosmosesüstik Columbia - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kosmosesüstik Columbia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_(anezka)" title="Columbia (anezka) - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Columbia (anezka)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%84_%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="شاتل فضایی کلمبیا - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شاتل فضایی کلمبیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_(avaruussukkula)" title="Columbia (avaruussukkula) - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Columbia (avaruussukkula)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_(navette_spatiale)" title="Columbia (navette spatiale) - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Columbia (navette spatiale)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transbordador_espacial_Columbia" title="Transbordador espacial Columbia - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Transbordador espacial Columbia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaal_Spoar_Columbia" title="Spaal Spoar Columbia - mannese" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Spaal Spoar Columbia" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%9C_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%99%D7%94" title="מעבורת החלל קולומביה - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מעבורת החלל קולומביה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Columbia" title="Space Shuttle Columbia - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Space Shuttle Columbia" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_%C5%B1rrep%C3%BCl%C5%91g%C3%A9p" title="Columbia űrrepülőgép - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Columbia űrrepülőgép" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesawat_Ulang_Alik_Columbia" title="Pesawat Ulang Alik Columbia - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pesawat Ulang Alik Columbia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B3%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%83%93%E3%82%A2" title="スペースシャトル・コロンビア - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スペースシャトル・コロンビア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BB%AC%EB%9F%BC%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84_%EC%9A%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%99%95%EB%B3%B5%EC%84%A0" title="컬럼비아 우주왕복선 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="컬럼비아 우주왕복선" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_(Raumf%C3%A4r)" title="Columbia (Raumfär) - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Columbia (Raumfär)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Columbia" title="Space Shuttle Columbia - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Space Shuttle Columbia" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B6_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82" title="കൊളംബിയ ബഹിരാകാശ വാഹനം - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കൊളംബിയ ബഹിരാകാശ വാഹനം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="स्पेस शटल कोलंबिया - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="स्पेस शटल कोलंबिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolak-balik_angkasa_lepas_Columbia" title="Bolak-balik angkasa lepas Columbia - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bolak-balik angkasa lepas Columbia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_(ruimteveer)" title="Columbia (ruimteveer) - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Columbia (ruimteveer)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romferja_%C2%ABColumbia%C2%BB" title="Romferja «Columbia» - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Romferja «Columbia»" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_(romferge)" title="Columbia (romferge) - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Columbia (romferge)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_(wahad%C5%82owiec)" title="Columbia (wahadłowiec) - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Columbia (wahadłowiec)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_(%C3%B4nibus_espacial)" title="Columbia (ônibus espacial) - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Columbia (ônibus espacial)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naveta_spa%C8%9Bial%C4%83_Columbia" title="Naveta spațială Columbia - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Naveta spațială Columbia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%BB)" title="Колумбия (шаттл) - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Колумбия (шаттл)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Columbia" title="Space Shuttle Columbia - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Space Shuttle Columbia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_(raketopl%C3%A1n)" title="Columbia (raketoplán) - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Columbia (raketoplán)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raketoplan_Columbia" title="Raketoplan Columbia - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Raketoplan Columbia" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_(rymdf%C3%A4rja)" title="Columbia (rymdfärja) - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Columbia (rymdfärja)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கொலம்பியா விண்ணோடம் - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கொலம்பியா விண்ணோடம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="กระสวยอวกาศโคลัมเบีย - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กระสวยอวกาศโคลัมเบีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a 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style="background:#ddf;"><i>Space Shuttle Columbia</i></th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:STS-80_Launch_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Space Shuttle Columbia"><img alt="Space Shuttle Columbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/STS-80_Launch_01.jpg/237px-STS-80_Launch_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="237" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/STS-80_Launch_01.jpg/356px-STS-80_Launch_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/STS-80_Launch_01.jpg/474px-STS-80_Launch_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1796" data-file-height="2272" /></a></span><br /><span>Il Columbia al lancio della missione <a href="/wiki/STS-80" title="STS-80">STS-80</a></span></td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#ddf;">Informazioni</th></tr><tr><th>Designazione</th><td>OV-102 </td></tr><tr><th>Nazione</th><td>USA </td></tr><tr><th>Inizio costruzione</th><td>26 luglio <a href="/wiki/1972" title="1972">1972</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Origine del Nome</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbia_Rediviva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Columbia Rediviva (la pagina non esiste)">Columbia Rediviva</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Status</th><td><a href="/wiki/Disastro_dello_Space_Shuttle_Columbia" title="Disastro dello Space Shuttle Columbia">Distrutto in un incidente</a> il 1º febbraio <a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Primo volo</th><td><a href="/wiki/STS-1" title="STS-1">STS-1</a><br />12-14 aprile <a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Ultimo volo</th><td><a href="/wiki/STS-107" title="STS-107">STS-107</a><br />16 gennaio - 1º febbraio <a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Numero di missioni</th><td>28 </td></tr><tr><th>Equipaggio</th><td>160 </td></tr><tr><th>Tempo trascorso nello spazio</th><td>300,74 giorni </td></tr><tr><th>Numero di orbite</th><td>4 808 </td></tr><tr><th>Distanza percorsa</th><td>201 497 772 km </td></tr><tr><th>Satelliti lanciati</th><td>8 </td></tr><tr><th>Attracchi alla stazione <a href="/wiki/Mir_(stazione_spaziale)" title="Mir (stazione spaziale)">Mir</a></th><td>0 </td></tr><tr><th>Attracchi alla <a href="/wiki/Stazione_Spaziale_Internazionale" class="mw-redirect" title="Stazione Spaziale Internazionale">ISS</a></th><td>0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Lo <b>Space Shuttle Columbia</b> (designazione <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> <b>OV-102</b>) fu il secondo <i><a href="/wiki/Orbiter" title="Orbiter">orbiter</a></i> costruito nell'ambito del <a href="/wiki/Programma_Space_Shuttle" title="Programma Space Shuttle">programma Space Shuttle</a> dopo l'<a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Enterprise" title="Space Shuttle Enterprise">Enterprise</a>. Fu però il primo a volare nella missione <a href="/wiki/STS-1" title="STS-1">STS-1</a> compiuta tra il 12 e il 14 aprile <a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a>. Il 1º febbraio <a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a> il <i>Columbia</i> si disintegrò nell'<a href="/wiki/Atmosfera" title="Atmosfera">atmosfera</a> durante il volo di rientro dalla sua ventottesima missione (<a href="/wiki/STS-107" title="STS-107">STS-107</a>). Tutti e sette gli <a href="/wiki/Astronauta" title="Astronauta">astronauti</a> morirono nell'incidente. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_Shuttle_Columbia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Storia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_Shuttle_Columbia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Storia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La costruzione del Columbia iniziò nel <a href="/wiki/1975" title="1975">1975</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Palmdale" title="Palmdale">Palmdale</a>, in <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>. Venne chiamato così in onore della nave capitanata da <a href="/wiki/Robert_Gray" title="Robert Gray">Robert Gray</a> che esplorò il <a href="/wiki/Oceano_Pacifico" title="Oceano Pacifico">Pacifico</a> nord occidentale e divenne il primo <a href="/wiki/Vascello" title="Vascello">vascello</a> statunitense a circumnavigare il globo. Il nome Columbia, inoltre, ricorda il modulo di comando della missione <a href="/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a>. Completata la costruzione l'orbiter venne portato al <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Space_Center" title="John F. Kennedy Space Center">John F. Kennedy Space Center</a> il 25 marzo <a href="/wiki/1979" title="1979">1979</a>. </p><p>Il 19 marzo <a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a>, prima del lancio inaugurale, due tecnici rimasero uccisi e quattro feriti durante un test a terra sull'orbiter. Il primo volo del <i>Columbia</i> fu comandato da <a href="/wiki/John_Watts_Young" title="John Watts Young">John Watts Young</a> (un veterano dello spazio proveniente dai <a href="/wiki/Programma_Gemini" title="Programma Gemini">programmi Gemini</a> e <a href="/wiki/Programma_Apollo" title="Programma Apollo">Apollo</a>) e pilotato da <a href="/wiki/Robert_Crippen" title="Robert Crippen">Robert Crippen</a>, mai stato nello spazio in precedenza, ma appartenente all'equipaggio di supporto per missioni <a href="/wiki/Skylab" title="Skylab">Skylab</a> e <a href="/wiki/Programma_test_Apollo-Sojuz" title="Programma test Apollo-Sojuz">Apollo-Sojuz</a>. </p><p>Nel <a href="/wiki/1983" title="1983">1983</a> il <i>Columbia</i> venne lanciato per la prima missione (<a href="/wiki/STS-9" title="STS-9">STS-9</a>) con 6 <a href="/wiki/Astronauta" title="Astronauta">astronauti</a> a bordo, incluso il primo non-americano a bordo di uno Shuttle, il Tedesco <a href="/wiki/Ulf_Merbold" title="Ulf Merbold">Ulf Merbold</a>. Il 12 gennaio <a href="/wiki/1986" title="1986">1986</a> il <i>Columbia</i> decollò con il primo astronauta ispanico, <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Chang-Diaz" title="Franklin Chang-Diaz">Franklin Chang-Diaz</a>. Il 5 marzo <a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a> la <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> nominò il tenente colonnello <a href="/wiki/Eileen_Collins" title="Eileen Collins">Eileen Collins</a> come comandante di una futura missione <i>Columbia</i>, missione che rese Collins la prima donna a comandare uno Space Shuttle. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="La_missione_finale">La missione finale</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_Shuttle_Columbia&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione La missione finale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_Shuttle_Columbia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: La missione finale"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130657691">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .vedi-anche{font-size:95%}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Disastro_dello_Space_Shuttle_Columbia" title="Disastro dello Space Shuttle Columbia">Disastro dello Space Shuttle Columbia</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Close-up_STS-107_Launch_-_GPN-2003-00080.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Close-up_STS-107_Launch_-_GPN-2003-00080.jpg/220px-Close-up_STS-107_Launch_-_GPN-2003-00080.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="326" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Close-up_STS-107_Launch_-_GPN-2003-00080.jpg/330px-Close-up_STS-107_Launch_-_GPN-2003-00080.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Close-up_STS-107_Launch_-_GPN-2003-00080.jpg/440px-Close-up_STS-107_Launch_-_GPN-2003-00080.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Il lancio dell'ultima missione del Columbia</figcaption></figure> <p>Durante la sua ultima missione, il Columbia trasportava a bordo il primo astronauta <a href="/wiki/Israele" title="Israele">israeliano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilan_Ramon" title="Ilan Ramon">Ilan Ramon</a> e la prima astronauta donna <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">indiana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalpana_Chawla" title="Kalpana Chawla">Kalpana Chawla</a>. Gli altri membri dell'equipaggio erano <a href="/wiki/Rick_Husband" title="Rick Husband">Rick Husband</a> (comandante), <a href="/wiki/William_McCool" title="William McCool">Willie McCool</a> (pilota), <a href="/wiki/Michael_Anderson_(astronauta)" title="Michael Anderson (astronauta)">Michael Anderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laurel_Clark" title="Laurel Clark">Laurel Clark</a> e <a href="/wiki/David_McDowell_Brown" title="David McDowell Brown">David Brown</a>. </p><p>La mattina del 1º febbraio <a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a>, il Columbia stava rientrando in atmosfera dopo una missione scientifica di 16 giorni. La NASA perse i contatti radio alle 9:00 a.m. (<a href="/wiki/Meridiano_(geografia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Meridiano (geografia)">meridiano</a> est degli <a href="/wiki/Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Stati Uniti d'America">Stati Uniti</a>), appena pochi minuti prima dell'atterraggio programmato alle 9:16 nel Kennedy Space Center in <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>. Diverse riprese video mostrarono i resti del Columbia in fiamme nei cieli del <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, a un'altitudine approssimativa di 63 km e a una velocità di circa 20.160 km/h (5,6 km/s). I detriti e i rottami sono stati raccolti in silos missilistici in disuso (decommissionati) alla Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. </p><p>Dall'analisi delle immagini della partenza dello <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Shuttle</a> si è potuto vedere che un blocco di schiuma solida si era staccato dall'External Tank colpendo il rivestimento dell'ala sinistra della navetta, provocando un foro di circa 25 centimetri che, al rientro, avrebbe permesso al calore di entrare all'interno, indebolendo la struttura portante della navetta fino a renderla ingovernabile, tanto da consentire alle forze aerodinamiche di disintegrarla. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voli">Voli</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_Shuttle_Columbia&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Voli" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_Shuttle_Columbia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Voli"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lo Space Shuttle <i>Columbia</i> effettuò 28 missioni, rimase in orbita per 300,74 giorni, completando 4.808 orbite e percorrendo in totale 201.497.772 chilometri, inclusa la missione finale. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Space_Shuttle_Columbia_launching.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Space_Shuttle_Columbia_launching.jpg/220px-Space_Shuttle_Columbia_launching.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Space_Shuttle_Columbia_launching.jpg/330px-Space_Shuttle_Columbia_launching.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Space_Shuttle_Columbia_launching.jpg/440px-Space_Shuttle_Columbia_launching.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6084" data-file-height="6084" /></a><figcaption>Lancio del <i>Columbia</i> durante la missione <a href="/wiki/STS-1" title="STS-1">STS-1</a>. In origine il serbatoio esterno era dipinto di bianco come chiaramente visibile.</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Data di lancio </th> <th>Designazione </th> <th>Note </th></tr> <tr> <td>12 aprile <a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-1" title="STS-1">STS-1</a> </td> <td>Prima missione dello Shuttle </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 novembre <a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-2" title="STS-2">STS-2</a> </td> <td>Primo riutilizzo di un <a href="/wiki/Veicolo_spaziale" title="Veicolo spaziale">veicolo spaziale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 marzo <a href="/wiki/1982" title="1982">1982</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-3" title="STS-3">STS-3</a> </td> <td>Atterraggio al <a href="/w/index.php?title=White_Sands_Missile_Range&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="White Sands Missile Range (la pagina non esiste)">White Sands Missile Range</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 giugno <a href="/wiki/1982" title="1982">1982</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-4" title="STS-4">STS-4</a> </td> <td>Ultimo volo di Ricerca e Sviluppo </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 novembre <a href="/wiki/1982" title="1982">1982</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-5" title="STS-5">STS-5</a> </td> <td>Primo volo con 4 membri dell'equipaggio </td></tr> <tr> <td>28 novembre <a href="/wiki/1983" title="1983">1983</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-9" title="STS-9">STS-9</a> </td> <td>Primo volo con 6 membri dell'equipaggio </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 gennaio <a href="/wiki/1986" title="1986">1986</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-61-C" title="STS-61-C">STS-61-C</a> </td> <td>Il Politico statunitense <a href="/wiki/Bill_Nelson" title="Bill Nelson">Bill Nelson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Partito_Democratico_(Stati_Uniti_d%27America)" title="Partito Democratico (Stati Uniti d'America)">Partito democratico</a>-<a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">FL</a>) a bordo </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 agosto <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-28" title="STS-28">STS-28</a> </td> <td>Lancio del <a href="/w/index.php?title=KH-11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KH-11 (la pagina non esiste)">KH-11</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satellite_artificiale" title="Satellite artificiale">satellite</a> da ricognizione </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 gennaio <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-32" title="STS-32">STS-32</a> </td> <td>Recupero del <a href="/wiki/Long_Duration_Exposure_Facility" title="Long Duration Exposure Facility">Long Duration Exposure Facility</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 dicembre <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-35" title="STS-35">STS-35</a> </td> <td>Trasporto dei <a href="/wiki/Telescopio" title="Telescopio">telescopi</a> a <a href="/wiki/Raggi_X" title="Raggi X">raggi X</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ultravioletto" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultravioletto">ultravioletti</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 giugno <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-40" title="STS-40">STS-40</a> </td> <td>Quinto <a href="/wiki/Spacelab" title="Spacelab">Spacelab</a> - Life Sciences-1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 giugno <a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-50" title="STS-50">STS-50</a> </td> <td>Primo laboratorio di <a href="/wiki/Microgravit%C3%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Microgravità">microgravità</a> (USML-1) </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 ottobre <a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-52" title="STS-52">STS-52</a> </td> <td>Dispiegamento del Laser Geodynamic Satellite II </td></tr> <tr> <td>26 aprile <a href="/wiki/1993" title="1993">1993</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-55" title="STS-55">STS-55</a> </td> <td>Tedesco Spacelab D-2 ricerche sulla microgravità </td></tr> <tr> <td>18 ottobre <a href="/wiki/1993" title="1993">1993</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-58" title="STS-58">STS-58</a> </td> <td>Spacelab Life Sciences </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 marzo <a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-62" title="STS-62">STS-62</a> </td> <td>Secondo laboratorio di <a href="/wiki/Microgravit%C3%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Microgravità">microgravità</a> (USML-2) </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 luglio <a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-65" title="STS-65">STS-65</a> </td> <td>Laboratorio internazionale di microgravità (IML-2) </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 ottobre <a href="/wiki/1995" title="1995">1995</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-73" title="STS-73">STS-73</a> </td> <td>United States Microgravity Laboratory (USML-2) </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 febbraio <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-75" title="STS-75">STS-75</a> </td> <td>Tethered Satellite System Reflight (TSS-1R) </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 luglio <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-78" title="STS-78">STS-78</a> </td> <td>Life and Microgravity Spacelab (LMS) </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 novembre <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-80" title="STS-80">STS-80</a> </td> <td>Terzo volo per il Wake Shield Facility (WSF) </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 aprile <a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-83" title="STS-83">STS-83</a> </td> <td>Microgravity Science Laboratory (MSL) </td></tr> <tr> <td>1º luglio <a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-94" title="STS-94">STS-94</a> </td> <td>Microgravity Science Laboratory (MSL) </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 novembre <a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-87" title="STS-87">STS-87</a> </td> <td>United States Microgravity Payload (USMP-4) </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 aprile <a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-90" title="STS-90">STS-90</a> </td> <td>Neurolab - Spacelab </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 luglio <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-93" title="STS-93">STS-93</a> </td> <td>Dispiegamento del <a href="/wiki/Chandra_X-ray_Observatory" title="Chandra X-ray Observatory">Chandra X-ray Observatory</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1º marzo <a href="/wiki/2002" title="2002">2002</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-109" title="STS-109">STS-109</a> </td> <td>Missione di servizio al <a href="/wiki/Telescopio_spaziale_Hubble" title="Telescopio spaziale Hubble">Telescopio spaziale Hubble</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 gennaio <a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/STS-107" title="STS-107">STS-107</a> </td> <td>Shuttle distrutto durante la missione di rientro il 1º febbraio <a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a>, tutti e sette gli astronauti rimangono uccisi. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_Shuttle_Columbia&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_Shuttle_Columbia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Programma_Space_Shuttle" title="Programma Space Shuttle">Programma Space Shuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programma_Buran" title="Programma Buran">Programma Buran</a>, navette sovietiche</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disastro_dello_Space_Shuttle_Columbia" title="Disastro dello Space Shuttle Columbia">Disastro dello Space Shuttle Columbia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_Shuttle_Columbia&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_Shuttle_Columbia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Space Shuttle Columbia"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Space_Shuttle_Columbia?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Space_Shuttle_Columbia?uselang=it">Space Shuttle Columbia</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_Shuttle_Columbia&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_Shuttle_Columbia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100727172935/http://www.io.com/~o_m/clfaq/clfaq.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">La perdita del Columbia - <i>FAQ</i><span></span></span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">io.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 giugno 2005</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.io.com/~o_m/clfaq/clfaq.htm">url originale</abbr> il 27 luglio 2010)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190606093616/https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/resources/orbiters/columbia.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Shuttle Orbiter Columbia (OV-102) dal sito NASA</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">science.ksc.nasa.gov</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 giugno 2005</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/resources/orbiters/columbia.html">url originale</abbr> il 6 giugno 2019)</small>.</cite></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible noprint metadata" id="navbox-Space_Shuttle_Columbia"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_Shuttle_Columbia" title="Template:Space Shuttle Columbia"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Space_Shuttle_Columbia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Space Shuttle Columbia (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Space_Shuttle_Columbia&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. 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Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Missioni_dello_Space_Shuttle" title="Missioni dello Space Shuttle">Missioni dello Space Shuttle Americano</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Missioni completate</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/STS-1" title="STS-1">STS-1</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-2" title="STS-2">STS-2</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-3" title="STS-3">STS-3</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-4" title="STS-4">STS-4</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-5" title="STS-5">STS-5</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-6" title="STS-6">STS-6</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-7" title="STS-7">STS-7</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-8" title="STS-8">STS-8</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-9" title="STS-9">STS-9</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-41-B" title="STS-41-B">STS-41-B</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-41-C" title="STS-41-C">STS-41-C</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-41-D" title="STS-41-D">STS-41-D</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-41-G" title="STS-41-G">STS-41-G</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-51-A" title="STS-51-A">STS-51-A</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-51-C" title="STS-51-C">STS-51-C</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-51-D" title="STS-51-D">STS-51-D</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-51-B" title="STS-51-B">STS-51-B</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-51-G" title="STS-51-G">STS-51-G</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-51-F" title="STS-51-F">STS-51-F</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-51-I" title="STS-51-I">STS-51-I</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J">STS-51-J</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-61-A" title="STS-61-A">STS-61-A</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-61-B" title="STS-61-B">STS-61-B</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-61-C" title="STS-61-C">STS-61-C</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-51-L" title="STS-51-L">STS-51-L</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-26" title="STS-26">STS-26</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-27" title="STS-27">STS-27</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-29" title="STS-29">STS-29</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-30" title="STS-30">STS-30</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-28" title="STS-28">STS-28</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-34" title="STS-34">STS-34</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-33" title="STS-33">STS-33</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-32" title="STS-32">STS-32</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-36" title="STS-36">STS-36</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-31" title="STS-31">STS-31</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-41" title="STS-41">STS-41</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-38" title="STS-38">STS-38</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-35" title="STS-35">STS-35</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-37" title="STS-37">STS-37</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-39" title="STS-39">STS-39</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-40" title="STS-40">STS-40</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-43" title="STS-43">STS-43</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-48" title="STS-48">STS-48</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-44" title="STS-44">STS-44</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-42" title="STS-42">STS-42</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-45" title="STS-45">STS-45</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-49" title="STS-49">STS-49</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-50" title="STS-50">STS-50</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-46" title="STS-46">STS-46</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-47" title="STS-47">STS-47</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-52" title="STS-52">STS-52</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-53" title="STS-53">STS-53</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-54" title="STS-54">STS-54</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56">STS-56</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-55" title="STS-55">STS-55</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57">STS-57</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-51" title="STS-51">STS-51</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-58" title="STS-58">STS-58</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-61" title="STS-61">STS-61</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-60" title="STS-60">STS-60</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-62" title="STS-62">STS-62</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-59" title="STS-59">STS-59</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-65" title="STS-65">STS-65</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-64" title="STS-64">STS-64</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-68" title="STS-68">STS-68</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-66" title="STS-66">STS-66</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-63" title="STS-63">STS-63</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-67" title="STS-67">STS-67</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-71" title="STS-71">STS-71</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-70" title="STS-70">STS-70</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-69" title="STS-69">STS-69</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-73" title="STS-73">STS-73</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-74" title="STS-74">STS-74</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-72" title="STS-72">STS-72</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-75" title="STS-75">STS-75</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-76" title="STS-76">STS-76</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-77" title="STS-77">STS-77</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-78" title="STS-78">STS-78</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-79" title="STS-79">STS-79</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-80" title="STS-80">STS-80</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-81" title="STS-81">STS-81</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-82" title="STS-82">STS-82</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-83" title="STS-83">STS-83</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-84" title="STS-84">STS-84</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-94" title="STS-94">STS-94</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-85" title="STS-85">STS-85</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-86" title="STS-86">STS-86</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-87" title="STS-87">STS-87</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-89" title="STS-89">STS-89</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-90" title="STS-90">STS-90</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-91" title="STS-91">STS-91</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-95" title="STS-95">STS-95</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-88" title="STS-88">STS-88</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-96" title="STS-96">STS-96</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-93" title="STS-93">STS-93</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-103" title="STS-103">STS-103</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-99" title="STS-99">STS-99</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-101" title="STS-101">STS-101</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-106" title="STS-106">STS-106</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-92" title="STS-92">STS-92</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-97" title="STS-97">STS-97</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-98" title="STS-98">STS-98</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-102" title="STS-102">STS-102</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-100" title="STS-100">STS-100</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-104" title="STS-104">STS-104</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-105" title="STS-105">STS-105</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-108" title="STS-108">STS-108</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-109" title="STS-109">STS-109</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-110" title="STS-110">STS-110</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-111" title="STS-111">STS-111</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-112" title="STS-112">STS-112</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-113" title="STS-113">STS-113</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-107" title="STS-107">STS-107</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-114" title="STS-114">STS-114</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-121" title="STS-121">STS-121</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-115" title="STS-115">STS-115</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-116" title="STS-116">STS-116</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-117" title="STS-117">STS-117</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-118" title="STS-118">STS-118</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-120" title="STS-120">STS-120</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-122" title="STS-122">STS-122</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-123" title="STS-123">STS-123</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-124" title="STS-124">STS-124</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-126" title="STS-126">STS-126</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-119" title="STS-119">STS-119</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-125" title="STS-125">STS-125</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-127" title="STS-127">STS-127</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-128" title="STS-128">STS-128</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-129" title="STS-129">STS-129</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-130" title="STS-130">STS-130</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-131" title="STS-131">STS-131</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-132" title="STS-132">STS-132</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-133" title="STS-133">STS-133</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-134" title="STS-134">STS-134</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-135" title="STS-135">STS-135</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Missioni_Space_Shuttle_cancellate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Missioni Space Shuttle cancellate (la pagina non esiste)">Missioni annullate</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-41-F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="STS-41-F (la pagina non esiste)">STS-41-F</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-62-A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="STS-62-A (la pagina non esiste)">STS-62-A</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-61-M&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="STS-61-M (la pagina non esiste)">STS-61-M</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-61-H&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="STS-61-H (la pagina non esiste)">STS-61-H</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-144&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="STS-144 (la pagina non esiste)">STS-144</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-3xx" title="STS-3xx">STS-3xx</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-400&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="STS-400 (la pagina non esiste)">STS-400</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Orbiter non più in servizio</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Challenger" title="Space Shuttle Challenger"><i>Challenger</i></a> (distrutto il 28 gennaio 1986 con <a href="/wiki/STS-51-L" title="STS-51-L">STS-51-L</a>)<b> ·</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Columbia</i></a> (distrutto il 1 febbraio 2003 con <a href="/wiki/STS-107" title="STS-107">STS-107</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Enterprise" title="Space Shuttle Enterprise"><i>Enterprise</i></a> (dismesso)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Discovery" title="Space Shuttle Discovery"><i>Discovery</i></a> (dismesso)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Endeavour" title="Space Shuttle Endeavour"><i>Endeavour</i></a> (dismesso)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Atlantis" title="Space Shuttle Atlantis"><i>Atlantis</i></a> (dismesso)</td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141815314"><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Spazioplani"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Spazioplani" title="Template:Spazioplani"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Spazioplani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Spazioplani (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Spazioplani&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Spazioplano" title="Spazioplano">Spazioplani</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox_list navbox_center navbox_odd"><div align="center"><table><tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="width:65px;"></td> <td rowspan="2" style="width:75px;"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Space_Shuttle_USA.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Space_Shuttle_USA.png/85px-Space_Shuttle_USA.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Space_Shuttle_USA.png/128px-Space_Shuttle_USA.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Space_Shuttle_USA.png/170px-Space_Shuttle_USA.png 2x" data-file-width="346" data-file-height="584" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stati Uniti (bandiera)"><img alt="Stati Uniti (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Stati Uniti d'America">USA</a> · <a href="/wiki/Programma_Space_Shuttle" title="Programma Space Shuttle">Programma Space Shuttle</a></b></td> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Unione Sovietica (bandiera)"><img alt="Unione Sovietica (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Unione_Sovietica" title="Unione Sovietica">CCCP</a> · <a href="/wiki/Programma_Buran" title="Programma Buran">Programma Buran</a></b></td> <td rowspan="2" style="width:75px;"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CCCP_Buran.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/CCCP_Buran.png/65px-CCCP_Buran.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/CCCP_Buran.png/98px-CCCP_Buran.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/CCCP_Buran.png/130px-CCCP_Buran.png 2x" data-file-width="511" data-file-height="1219" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr> <td style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Pathfinder" title="Space Shuttle Pathfinder">Pathfinder</a></i> <small>(OV-098, tester statico)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Challenger" title="Space Shuttle Challenger">Challenger</a></i> <small>(OV-099, <b><a href="/wiki/Disastro_dello_Space_Shuttle_Challenger" title="Disastro dello Space Shuttle Challenger">distrutto nel 1986</a></b>)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Enterprise" title="Space Shuttle Enterprise">Enterprise</a></i> <small>(OV-101, tester)</small></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Columbia</a></i> <small>(OV-102, <b><a href="/wiki/Disastro_dello_Space_Shuttle_Columbia" title="Disastro dello Space Shuttle Columbia">distrutto nel 2003</a></b>)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Discovery" title="Space Shuttle Discovery">Discovery</a></i> <small>(OV-103, ritirato dal 9 marzo 2011)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Atlantis" title="Space Shuttle Atlantis">Atlantis</a></i> <small>(OV-104, ritirato dal 21 luglio 2011)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Endeavour" title="Space Shuttle Endeavour">Endeavour</a></i> <small>(OV-105, ritirato dal 1 giugno 2011)</small></li></ul> </td> <td style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/OK-TVA" title="OK-TVA">OK-TVA</a></i> <small>(0.15, tester statico)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/OK-GLI" title="OK-GLI">OK-GLI</a></i> <small>(BST-02, tester)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Buran_1.01" title="Buran 1.01">Buran 1.01</a></i> <small>(OK-1.01, distrutto nel 2002)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Buran_1.02" title="Buran 1.02">Buran 1.02</a></i> <small>(OK-1.02 "Ptichka", 95-97% completato)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Buran_2.01" title="Buran 2.01">Buran 2.01</a></i> <small>(OK-2.01 "Baikal", incompleto)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Buran_2.02" title="Buran 2.02">Buran 2.02</a></i> <small>(OK-2.02, parzialmente smantellato)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Buran_2.03" title="Buran 2.03">Buran 2.03</a></i> <small>(OK-2.03, smantellato)</small></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141815314"><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Programma_Space_Shuttle"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Programma_Space_Shuttle" title="Template:Programma Space Shuttle"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Programma_Space_Shuttle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Programma Space Shuttle (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Programma_Space_Shuttle&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Programma_Space_Shuttle" title="Programma Space Shuttle">Programma Space Shuttle</a> della <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> (STS)</span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Argomenti principali</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd" style="padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Programma_Space_Shuttle" title="Programma Space Shuttle">Programma Space Shuttle</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Missioni_dello_Space_Shuttle" title="Missioni dello Space Shuttle">Missioni</a></td><td rowspan="11" class="navbox_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/STS120LaunchHiRes.jpg/90px-STS120LaunchHiRes.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/STS120LaunchHiRes.jpg/135px-STS120LaunchHiRes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/STS120LaunchHiRes.jpg/180px-STS120LaunchHiRes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1957" data-file-height="3000" /></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Componenti</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even" style="padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbiter_Vehicle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbiter Vehicle (la pagina non esiste)">Orbiter Vehicle (OV)</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Solid_Rocket_Booster" title="Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster">Solid Rocket Booster (SRB)</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Serbatoio_esterno_dello_Space_Shuttle" title="Serbatoio esterno dello Space Shuttle">External Tank (ET)</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_main_engine" title="Space Shuttle main engine">Main Engine (SSME)</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Orbital_Maneuvering_System" title="Orbital Maneuvering System">Orbital Maneuvering System (OMS)</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Reaction_control_system" title="Reaction control system">Reaction control system</a> (RCS)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sistema_di_protezione_termica_dello_Space_Shuttle" title="Sistema di protezione termica dello Space Shuttle">Sistema di protezione termica dello Space Shuttle</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Booster_separation_motor" title="Booster separation motor">Booster separation motor</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Navette</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd" style="padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Columbia</i></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Challenger" title="Space Shuttle Challenger"><i>Challenger</i></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Discovery" title="Space Shuttle Discovery"><i>Discovery</i></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Atlantis" title="Space Shuttle Atlantis"><i>Atlantis</i></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Endeavour" title="Space Shuttle Endeavour"><i>Endeavour</i></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Accessori navette</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even" style="padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Spacelab" title="Spacelab">Spacelab</a> <small> (ESA) </small><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Remote_Manipulator_System" title="Remote Manipulator System">RMS</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Extended_Duration_Orbiter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Extended Duration Orbiter (la pagina non esiste)">Extended Duration Orbiter</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/STS-3xx#Remote_Control_Orbiter" title="STS-3xx">Remote Controlled Orbiter</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Multi-Purpose_Logistics_Module" title="Multi-Purpose Logistics Module">MPLM</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Orbiter_Boom_Sensor_System" title="Orbiter Boom Sensor System">Orbiter Boom Sensor System</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Luoghi di lancio e di atterraggio</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd" style="padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Complesso_di_lancio_39" title="Complesso di lancio 39">Complesso di lancio 39</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Piste_di_atterraggio_dello_Space_Shuttle" title="Piste di atterraggio dello Space Shuttle">Luoghi di atterraggio</a><b> ·</b> <small> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_Shuttle_abort_modes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Space Shuttle abort modes (la pagina non esiste)">Abort Landing Sites</a></small></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Operatività</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even" style="padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Missioni_dello_Space_Shuttle" title="Missioni dello Space Shuttle">Missioni</a> <small>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Missioni_Space_Shuttle_cancellate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Missioni Space Shuttle cancellate (la pagina non esiste)">cancellate</a>) </small><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Equipaggi_dello_Space_Shuttle" title="Equipaggi dello Space Shuttle">Equipaggi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Cronologia_delle_missioni_dello_Space_Shuttle" title="Cronologia delle missioni dello Space Shuttle">Cronologia delle missioni</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_abort_mode" title="Space Shuttle abort mode">Abort modes</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Rendezvous_pitch_maneuver" title="Rendezvous pitch maneuver">Rendezvous pitch maneuver</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Test</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd" style="padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Pathfinder" title="Space Shuttle Pathfinder"><i>Pathfinder</i></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Enterprise" title="Space Shuttle Enterprise"><i>Enterprise</i></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=MPTA-098&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MPTA-098 (la pagina non esiste)">MPTA</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=MPTA-ET&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MPTA-ET (la pagina non esiste)">MPTA-ET</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Approach_and_Landing_Tests" title="Approach and Landing Tests">Approach and Landing Tests</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Disastri</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even" style="padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Disastro_dello_Space_Shuttle_Challenger" title="Disastro dello Space Shuttle Challenger">Disastro del Challenger</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Disastro_dello_Space_Shuttle_Columbia" title="Disastro dello Space Shuttle Columbia">Disastro del Columbia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Supporto logistico</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd" style="padding:0.25em 0; 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line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sviluppo_dello_Space_Shuttle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sviluppo dello Space Shuttle (la pagina non esiste)">Sviluppo dello Space Shuttle</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Independence" title="Space Shuttle Independence">Space Shuttle <i>Independence</i> <small>(shuttle replica)</small></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage" title="Inertial Upper Stage">Inertial Upper Stage</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Payload_Assist_Module" title="Payload Assist Module">Payload Assist Module</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Stazione_spaziale_internazionale" title="Stazione spaziale internazionale">ISS</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; 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