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role="separator"/></div><div class="text-md font-sans text-battleship-gray px-2 my-4"><span>54 entries found.</span></div><div class="space-y-6"><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of *der-" class="w-full group" href="/word/*der-"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#52777" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">*der-</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to split, flay, peel," with derivatives referring to skin and leather.</p> <p>It forms all or part of: <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of derm " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/derm">derm</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of -derm " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/-derm">-derm</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of derma " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/derma">derma</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of dermal " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/dermal">dermal</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of dermato- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/dermato-">dermato-</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of dermatology " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/dermatology">dermatology</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of echinoderm " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/echinoderm">echinoderm</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of epidermis " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/epidermis">epidermis</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of hypodermic " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/hypodermic">hypodermic</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of pachyderm " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/pachyderm">pachyderm</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of scleroderma " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/scleroderma">scleroderma</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of taxidermy " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/taxidermy">taxidermy</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of tart " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/tart#etymonline_v_4408">tart</a> (adj.) "having a sharp taste;" <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of tear " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/tear#etymonline_v_7656">tear</a> (v.1) "pull apart;" <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of tetter " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/tetter">tetter</a>; <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of turd " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/turd">turd</a>.</p> <p>It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit <i class="foreign notranslate">drnati</i> "cleaves, bursts;" Greek <i class="foreign notranslate">derein</i> "to flay;" Armenian <i class="foreign notranslate">terem</i> "I flay;" Old Church Slavonic <i class="foreign notranslate">dera</i> "to burst asunder;" Breton <i class="foreign notranslate">darn</i> "piece;" Old English <i class="foreign notranslate">teran</i> "to tear, lacerate."</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of *der-" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/*der-"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-2 w-full"><div class="relative"><span class="text-sm font-sans text-spanish-gray absolute -mt-6">Advertisement</span><div class="relative min-h-[90px] w-full"><div class="relative z-10 min-h-[90px] w-full flex items-center justify-center"><div id="div-gpt-ad-pc_sp_infeed" class="flex adsbygoogle items-center transition-all min-h-[90px]"><div class="w-full p-4 rounded-md min-w-[300px] items-center justify-center flex w-full h-full bg-secondary/50"><p class="text-foreground/80 text-center">Want to remove ads? <a class="text-primary hover:underline cursor-pointer" rel="nofollow" href="#">Log in</a> to see fewer ads, and become a <a class="text-primary hover:underline cursor-pointer" rel="nofollow" href="#">Premium Member</a> to remove all ads.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of Dobermann pinscher" class="w-full group" href="/word/Dobermann%20pinscher"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#13870" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">Dobermann pinscher</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(n.)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>breed of domestic dog, originally used in police work, 1911 (as <i class="foreign notranslate">pincher Dobermann</i> from 1907), named for Ludwig <i class="foreign notranslate">Dobermann</i>, 19c. German dog-breeder in Thuringia. <i class="foreign notranslate">Pinscher</i> "fox terrier" seems to be a 19c. borrowing from English <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of pinch " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/pinch">pinch</a> (see Kluge).</p> <blockquote> <i class="foreign notranslate">Der Kutscher aus gutem Hause verschafft sich, wie er kann und wenn er kann, einen ganz kleinen englischen Pinscher, <em>der</em> den Pferden sehr gut gut folgt und die gro脽en D盲nen von ehedem ersetzt hat, aus J.J. Rousseau's Zeit, <em>der</em> von dem d盲nischen Hunde umgerannt wurde, wie ihr wi脽t.</i> ["Paris, oder, Das Buch <em>der</em> Hundert und Ein," Volume 6, Theodor Hell (pseud.), Potsdam, 1833] </blockquote></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of Dobermann pinscher" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/Dobermann%20pinscher"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of opium" class="w-full group" href="/word/opium"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#7079" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">opium</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(n.)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>"inspissated juice of the poppy plant," especially as used in medicine from 17c. for relief of pain and production of sleep, late 14c., from Latin <i class="foreign notranslate">opium</i>, from Greek <i class="foreign notranslate">opion</i> "poppy juice, poppy," diminutive of <i class="foreign notranslate">opos</i> "vegetable juice, plant juice, fig curd," from PIE <i class="foreign notranslate">*sokwo-</i> "juice, resin" (source also of Old Church Slavonic <i class="foreign notranslate">soki</i> "juice," Lithuanian <i class="foreign notranslate">saka墨</i> (plural) "resin").</p> <blockquote> <i class="foreign notranslate">Die Religion ist <em>der</em> Seufzer <em>der</em> bedr盲ngten Kreatur, das Gem眉th einer herzlosen Welt, wie sie <em>der</em> Geist geistloser Zust盲nde ist. Sie ist das Opium des Volks.</i> [Karl Marx, <i class="foreign notranslate">"Zur Kritik <em>der</em> Hegel'schen Rechts-Philosophie,"</i> in <i class="foreign notranslate">"Deutsch-Franz枚sische Jahrb眉cher,"</i> February, 1844] </blockquote> <p>The British <i class="foreign notranslate"><strong>Opium War</strong></i> against China lasted from 1839-42; the name is attested from 1841. <i class="foreign notranslate"><strong>Opium-eater</strong></i>, one who habitually uses opium in some form, is by 1821.</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of opium" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/opium"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of dermat-" class="w-full group" href="/word/dermat-"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#37249" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">dermat-</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>word-forming element meaning "of or pertaining to skin," from Greek <i class="foreign notranslate">dermat-</i>, from <i class="foreign notranslate">derma</i> "(flayed) skin, leather," from PIE root <a rel="nofollow" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of *der- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/*der-"><em>*der-</em></a> "to split, flay, peel," with derivatives referring to skin and leather. The shortened form <i class="foreign notranslate">derm-</i> was used from mid-19c. but is considered incorrect.</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of dermat-" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/dermat-"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of dendrite" class="w-full group" href="/word/dendrite"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#5583" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">dendrite</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(n.)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>"natural marking found on some stones in the form of branching shrubs, trees, or mosses," 1745, from Greek <i class="foreign notranslate">dendrites</i> "of or pertaining to a tree," from <i class="foreign notranslate">dendron</i> "tree," from PIE <i class="foreign notranslate">*<em>der</em>-drew-</i>, from root <a rel="nofollow" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of *deru- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/*deru-">*deru-</a> "to be firm, solid, steadfast," also forming words for "wood, tree."</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of dendrite" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/dendrite"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-2 w-full"><div class="relative"><span class="text-sm font-sans text-spanish-gray absolute -mt-6">Advertisement</span><div class="relative min-h-[90px] w-full"><div class="relative z-10 min-h-[90px] w-full flex items-center justify-center"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 w-full p-0 mobile:px-4 min-h-[90px]"><div id="afscontainer1" class="w-full"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of scleroderma" class="w-full group" href="/word/scleroderma"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#22931" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">scleroderma</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(n.)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>"chronic non-inflammatory skin condition which presents in hard patches on the skin," 1865, Modern Latin, from Latinized form of Greek <i class="foreign notranslate">skl膿ros</i> "hard" (see <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of sclero- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/sclero-">sclero-</a>) + <i class="foreign notranslate">derma</i> "skin" (from PIE root <a rel="nofollow" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of *der- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/*der-"><em>*der-</em></a> "to split, flay, peel," with derivatives referring to skin and leather). Also <i class="foreign notranslate"><strong>sclerodermia</strong></i>. Related: <i class="foreign notranslate">Sclerodermatous</i>; <i class="foreign notranslate">sclerodermic</i>; <i class="foreign notranslate">sclerodermatic</i>.</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of scleroderma" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/scleroderma"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of Krampus" class="w-full group" href="/word/Krampus"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#55885" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">Krampus</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(n.)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>also <i class="foreign notranslate">Krampusz</i>, 1872, name of a Germanic folkloric figure who assists St. Nicholas at Christmas-time by punishing the wicked with abduction and/or flogging.</p> <p>In older German texts often spelled <i class="foreign notranslate">Grampus</i> or <i class="foreign notranslate">Grampes</i>. The name is of uncertain etymology. Encyclopedia Britannica derives it from German <i class="foreign notranslate">Krampen</i>, "claw." OED ventures no further than to suggest "the Germanic base of <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of cramp " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/cramp">cramp</a>." This would include among possibilities Bavarian dialect <i class="foreign notranslate">gramp</i>, a scolding word for a naughty child, from Middle High German <i class="foreign notranslate">grimpfen, krimpfen</i>, meaning bent or crooked (for sense evolution compare <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of crook " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/crook">crook</a>); there is also Swiss dialect <i class="foreign notranslate">grampen</i>, "to grab; to snatch."</p> <blockquote> <i class="foreign notranslate">Ich sage es jezt immer allen Kindern, da脽 sie sich nicht erschrecken lassen sollen, und da脽 <em>der</em> Nikola sowohl, als <em>der</em> Grampus gemeiniglich Hausknechte senn, wie es mir mein Herr Vater gesagt hat.</i> [ <i class="foreign notranslate">"Die Lebkuchen oder <em>der</em> vern眉nftige Knab,"</i> <strong> </strong> <i class="foreign notranslate">Die Heiligen nach den Volksbegriffen</i>, vol. III, 1791] </blockquote></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of Krampus" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/Krampus"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of Pangaea" class="w-full group" href="/word/Pangaea"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#3070" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">Pangaea</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>"supercontinent of the late Paleozoic era," 1924, from Greek <i class="foreign notranslate">pan-</i> "all" (see <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of pan- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/pan-">pan-</a>) + <i class="foreign notranslate">gaia</i> "earth" (see <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Gaia " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/Gaia">Gaia</a>). First attested in German, 1920, in Alfred Wegener's <i class="foreign notranslate">"Die Entstehung <em>der</em> Kontinente und Ozeane"</i> (but according to OED the word is not found in 1914 first edition).</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of Pangaea" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/Pangaea"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of wandering" class="w-full group" href="/word/wandering"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#56715" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">wandering</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(adj.)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>c. 1300, <i class="foreign notranslate">wandring</i>, "travelling from place to place," without settled route or purpose," present-participle adjective from <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of wander " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/wander#etymonline_v_4818">wander</a> (v.). Oldest attested use is in reference to the attention of the mind.</p> <p>The <i class="foreign notranslate">Wandering Jew</i> of Christian legend is first mentioned 13c. (compare French <i class="foreign notranslate">le juif errant</i>, German <i class="foreign notranslate"><em>der</em> ewige Jude</i>).</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of wandering" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/wandering"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of echinoderm" class="w-full group" href="/word/echinoderm"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#972" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">echinoderm</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(n.)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>1834, from Modern Latin <i class="foreign notranslate">Echinodermata</i>, name of the phylum that includes starfish and sea urchins, from Latinized form of Greek <i class="foreign notranslate">ekhinos</i> "sea urchin," originally "porcupine, hedgehog" (see <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of echidna " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/echidna">echidna</a>) + <i class="foreign notranslate">derma</i> (genitive <i class="foreign notranslate">dermatos</i>) "skin," from PIE root <a rel="nofollow" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of *der- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/*der-"><em>*der-</em></a> "to split, flay, peel," with derivatives referring to skin and leather. So called from its spiky shell. 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ago.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n \u003cp\u003eThe dates beside a word indicate the earliest year for which there is a surviving written record of that word (in English, unless otherwise indicated). This should be taken as approximate, especially before about 1700, since a word may have been used in conversation for hundreds of years before it turns up in a manuscript that has had the good fortune to survive the centuries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n \u003cp\u003eThe basic sources of this work are Weekley's \"An Etymological Dictionary of Modern English,\" Klein's \"A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language,\" \"Oxford English Dictionary\" (second edition), \"Barnhart Dictionary of Etymology,\" Holthausen's \"Etymologisches W枚rterbuch der Englischen Sprache,\" and Kipfer and Chapman's \"Dictionary of American Slang.\"A full list of print sources used in this compilation can be found\n \u003ca rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"/columns/post/sources\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ehere\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n \u003cp\u003eSince this dictionary went up, it has benefited from the suggestions of dozens of people I have never met, from around the world. Tremendous thanks and appreciation to all of you. \u003c/p\u003e\n "])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"5:[\"$\",\"html\",null,{\"lang\":\"en-US\",\"suppressHydrationWarning\":true,\"children\":[[\"$\",\"body\",null,{\"className\":\"debug-screens min-h-screen min-w-[320px] font-sans selection:bg-secondary dark:selection:bg-foreground/30 laptop:font-serif desktop:font-serif\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L1a\",null,{\"position\":\"top-center\",\"closeButton\":true,\"richColors\":true,\"expand\":true,\"style\":{\"marginTop\":\"4rem\"}}],[\"$\",\"$L12\",null,{\"errorComponent\":\"$3\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L1b\",null,{\"locale\":\"en-US\",\"messages\":{\"global\":{\"metaData\":{\"title\":\"Etymonline - Online Etymology Dictionary\"},\"header\":{\"forum\":\"Forum\",\"columns\":\"Columns\",\"apps\":\"Apps\",\"premium\":\"Premium\",\"profile\":\"Profile\",\"login\":\"Log in\",\"logout\":\"Log out\"},\"pagination\":{\"previous\":\"Previous\",\"next\":\"Next\"},\"search\":{\"search\":\"Search\",\"inputTitle\":\"Type a word to search\",\"hint\":\"Search \\\"{word}\\\"\",\"cancel\":\"Cancel\"},\"trending\":{\"title\":\"Trending\"},\"login\":{\"title\":\"Log in to Your Account\",\"continueWithGoogle\":\"Continue with Google\",\"continueWithApple\":\"Continue with Apple\",\"tooManyRequests\":\"Too many requests. 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root meaning \"to split, flay, peel,\" with derivatives referring to skin and leather.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt forms all or part of: \u003ca href=\"/word/derm\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of derm \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003ederm\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/-derm\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of -derm \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003e-derm\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/derma\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of derma \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003ederma\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/dermal\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of dermal \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003edermal\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/dermato-\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of dermato- \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003edermato-\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/dermatology\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of dermatology \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003edermatology\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/echinoderm\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of echinoderm \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eechinoderm\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/epidermis\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of epidermis \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eepidermis\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/hypodermic\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of hypodermic \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003ehypodermic\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/pachyderm\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of pachyderm \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003epachyderm\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/scleroderma\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of scleroderma \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003escleroderma\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/taxidermy\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of taxidermy \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003etaxidermy\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/tart#etymonline_v_4408\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of tart \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003etart\u003c/a\u003e (adj.) \"having a sharp taste;\" \u003ca href=\"/word/tear#etymonline_v_7656\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of tear \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003etear\u003c/a\u003e (v.1) \"pull apart;\" \u003ca href=\"/word/tetter\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of tetter \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003etetter\u003c/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"/word/turd\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of turd \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eturd\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edrnati\u003c/span\u003e \"cleaves, bursts;\" Greek \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ederein\u003c/span\u003e \"to flay;\" Armenian \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eterem\u003c/span\u003e \"I flay;\" Old Church Slavonic \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edera\u003c/span\u003e \"to burst asunder;\" Breton \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edarn\u003c/span\u003e \"piece;\" Old English \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eteran\u003c/span\u003e \"to tear, lacerate.\"\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"25:T55f,\u003cp\u003e\"inspissated juice of the poppy plant,\" especially as used in medicine from 17c. for relief of pain and production of sleep, late 14c., from Latin \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eopium\u003c/span\u003e, from Greek \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eopion\u003c/span\u003e \"poppy juice, poppy,\" diminutive of \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eopos\u003c/span\u003e \"vegetable juice, plant juice, fig curd,\" from PIE \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e*sokwo-\u003c/span\u003e \"juice, resin\" (source also of Old Church Slavonic \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003esoki\u003c/span\u003e \"juice,\" Lithuanian \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003esaka墨\u003c/span\u003e (plural) \"resin\").\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eDie Religion ist \u003cem\u003eder\u003c/em\u003e Seufzer \u003cem\u003eder\u003c/em\u003e bedr盲ngten Kreatur, das Gem眉th einer herzlosen Welt, wie sie \u003cem\u003eder\u003c/em\u003e Geist geistloser Zust盲nde ist. Sie ist das Opium des Volks.\u003c/span\u003e [Karl Marx, \n \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e\"Zur Kritik \u003cem\u003eder\u003c/em\u003e Hegel'schen Rechts-Philosophie,\"\u003c/span\u003e in \n \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e\"Deutsch-Franz枚sische Jahrb眉cher,\"\u003c/span\u003e February, 1844]\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe British \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOpium War\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e against China lasted from 1839-42; the name is attested from 1841. \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOpium-eater\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e, one who habitually uses opium in some form, is by 1821.\u003c/p\u003e26:T68e,\u003cp\u003ealso \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eKrampusz\u003c/span\u003e, 1872, name of a Germanic folkloric figure who assists St. Nicholas at Christmas-time by punishing the wicked with abduction and/or flogging.\u003c/p\u003e \n\u003cp\u003eIn older German texts often spelled \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eGrampus\u003c/span\u003e or \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eGrampes\u003c/span\u003e. The name is of uncertain etymology. Encyclopedia Britannica derives it from German \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eKrampen\u003c/span\u003e, \"claw.\" OED ventures no further than to suggest \"the Germanic base of \u003ca href=\"/word/cramp\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of cramp \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\""])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003ecramp\u003c/a\u003e.\" This would include among possibilities Bavarian dialect \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003egramp\u003c/span\u003e, a scolding word for a naughty child, from Middle High German \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003egrimpfen, krimpfen\u003c/span\u003e, meaning bent or crooked (for sense evolution compare \u003ca href=\"/word/crook\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of crook \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003ecrook\u003c/a\u003e); there is also Swiss dialect \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003egrampen\u003c/span\u003e, \"to grab; to snatch.\"\u003c/p\u003e \n\u003cblockquote\u003e \n \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eIch sage es jezt immer allen Kindern, da脽 sie sich nicht erschrecken lassen sollen, und da脽 \u003cem\u003eder\u003c/em\u003e Nikola sowohl, als \u003cem\u003eder\u003c/em\u003e Grampus gemeiniglich Hausknechte senn, wie es mir mein Herr Vater gesagt hat.\u003c/span\u003e [ \n \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e\"Die Lebkuchen oder \u003cem\u003eder\u003c/em\u003e vern眉nftige Knab,\"\u003c/span\u003e \n \u003cstrong\u003e \u003c/strong\u003e \n \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eDie Heiligen nach den Volksbegriffen\u003c/span\u003e, vol. III, 1791] \n\u003c/blockquote\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"9:[[\"$\",\"section\",null,{\"className\":\"flex flex-col lg:flex-row gap-12 justify-center\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"w-full lg:w-[728px] lg:py-4 space-y-4\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L21\",null,{\"slot\":\"pc_sp_top\",\"className\":\"min-h-[90px] w-[728px]\",\"isMobile\":false,\"wrapperConfigs\":{\"base\":{\"type\":\"none\",\"closeType\":\"none\"}}}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"space-y-4\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L22\",null,{}],[\"$\",\"$1e\",null,{\"fallback\":[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"children\":\"loading\"}],\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"text-md font-sans text-battleship-gray px-2 my-4\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"children\":\"54 entries found.\"}]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"space-y-6\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",\"52777\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L23\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_52777\",\"domain_id\":\"52777\",\"word\":\"*der-\",\"canonical_word\":\"*der-\",\"type\":5,\"property\":\"\",\"etymology\":\"$24\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[\"cn\",\"de\",\"es\",\"fr\",\"it\",\"jp\",\"kr\",\"pt\",\"tw\"],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],[\"$\",\"$L21\",\"52777admanager\",{\"slot\":\"pc_sp_infeed\",\"className\":\"min-h-[90px]\",\"query\":\"ealdef锟絛er\"}],false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"13870\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L23\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_13870\",\"domain_id\":\"13870\",\"word\":\"Dobermann pinscher\",\"canonical_word\":\"Dobermann%20pinscher\",\"type\":2,\"property\":\"(n.)\",\"etymology\":\"\u003cp\u003ebreed of domestic dog, originally used in police work, 1911 (as \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003epincher Dobermann\u003c/span\u003e from 1907), named for Ludwig \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eDobermann\u003c/span\u003e, 19c. German dog-breeder in Thuringia. \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003ePinscher\u003c/span\u003e \\\"fox terrier\\\" seems to be a 19c. borrowing from English \u003ca href=\\\"/word/pinch\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of pinch \\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003epinch\u003c/a\u003e (see Kluge).\u003c/p\u003e\\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\\n \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eDer Kutscher aus gutem Hause verschafft sich, wie er kann und wenn er kann, einen ganz kleinen englischen Pinscher, \u003cem\u003eder\u003c/em\u003e den Pferden sehr gut gut folgt und die gro脽en D盲nen von ehedem ersetzt hat, aus J.J. Rousseau's Zeit, \u003cem\u003eder\u003c/em\u003e von dem d盲nischen Hunde umgerannt wurde, wie ihr wi脽t.\u003c/span\u003e [\\\"Paris, oder, Das Buch \u003cem\u003eder\u003c/em\u003e Hundert und Ein,\\\" Volume 6, Theodor Hell (pseud.), Potsdam, 1833]\\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[\"cn\",\"de\",\"es\",\"fr\",\"it\",\"jp\",\"kr\",\"pt\",\"tw\"],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"7079\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L23\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_7079\",\"domain_id\":\"7079\",\"word\":\"opium\",\"canonical_word\":\"opium\",\"type\":0,\"property\":\"(n.)\",\"etymology\":\"$25\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[\"cn\",\"de\",\"es\",\"fr\",\"it\",\"jp\",\"kr\",\"pt\",\"tw\"],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"37249\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L23\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_37249\",\"domain_id\":\"37249\",\"word\":\"dermat-\",\"canonical_word\":\"dermat-\",\"type\":4,\"property\":\"\",\"etymology\":\"\u003cp\u003eword-forming element meaning \\\"of or pertaining to skin,\\\" from Greek \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003edermat-\u003c/span\u003e, from \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003ederma\u003c/span\u003e \\\"(flayed) skin, leather,\\\" from PIE root \u003ca href=\\\"/word/*der-\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of *der- \\\"rel=\\\"nofollow\\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e*der-\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e \\\"to split, flay, peel,\\\" with derivatives referring to skin and leather. The shortened form \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003ederm-\u003c/span\u003e was used from mid-19c. but is considered incorrect.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[\"cn\",\"de\",\"es\",\"fr\",\"it\",\"jp\",\"kr\",\"pt\",\"tw\"],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"5583\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L23\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_5583\",\"domain_id\":\"5583\",\"word\":\"dendrite\",\"canonical_word\":\"dendrite\",\"type\":0,\"property\":\"(n.)\",\"etymology\":\"\u003cp\u003e\\\"natural marking found on some stones in the form of branching shrubs, trees, or mosses,\\\" 1745, from Greek \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003edendrites\u003c/span\u003e \\\"of or pertaining to a tree,\\\" from \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003edendron\u003c/span\u003e \\\"tree,\\\" from PIE \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003e*\u003cem\u003eder\u003c/em\u003e-drew-\u003c/span\u003e, from root \u003ca href=\\\"/word/*deru-\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of *deru- \\\"rel=\\\"nofollow\\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003e*deru-\u003c/a\u003e \\\"to be firm, solid, steadfast,\\\" also forming words for \\\"wood, tree.\\\"\u003c/p\u003e\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[\"cn\",\"de\",\"es\",\"fr\",\"it\",\"jp\",\"kr\",\"pt\",\"tw\"],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,[\"$\",\"$L21\",\"5583adsense_search\",{\"slot\":\"adsense_search\",\"className\":\"min-h-[90px]\",\"query\":\"ealdef锟絛er\"}]]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"22931\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L23\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_22931\",\"domain_id\":\"22931\",\"word\":\"scleroderma\",\"canonical_word\":\"scleroderma\",\"type\":0,\"property\":\"(n.)\",\"etymology\":\"\u003cp\u003e\\\"chronic non-inflammatory skin condition which presents in hard patches on the skin,\\\" 1865, Modern Latin, from Latinized form of Greek \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eskl膿ros\u003c/span\u003e \\\"hard\\\" (see \u003ca href=\\\"/word/sclero-\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of sclero- \\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003esclero-\u003c/a\u003e) + \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003ederma\u003c/span\u003e \\\"skin\\\" (from PIE root \u003ca href=\\\"/word/*der-\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of *der- \\\"rel=\\\"nofollow\\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e*der-\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e \\\"to split, flay, peel,\\\" with derivatives referring to skin and leather). Also \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003esclerodermia\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e. Related: \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eSclerodermatous\u003c/span\u003e; \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003esclerodermic\u003c/span\u003e; \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003esclerodermatic\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[\"cn\",\"de\",\"es\",\"fr\",\"it\",\"jp\",\"kr\",\"pt\",\"tw\"],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"55885\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L23\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_55885\",\"domain_id\":\"55885\",\"word\":\"Krampus\",\"canonical_word\":\"Krampus\",\"type\":0,\"property\":\"(n.)\",\"etymology\":\"$26\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"3070\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L23\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_3070\",\"domain_id\":\"3070\",\"word\":\"Pangaea\",\"canonical_word\":\"Pangaea\",\"type\":0,\"property\":\"\",\"etymology\":\"\u003cp\u003e\\\"supercontinent of the late Paleozoic era,\\\" 1924, from Greek \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003epan-\u003c/span\u003e \\\"all\\\" (see \u003ca href=\\\"/word/pan-\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of pan- \\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003epan-\u003c/a\u003e) + \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003egaia\u003c/span\u003e \\\"earth\\\" (see \u003ca href=\\\"/word/Gaia\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of Gaia \\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003eGaia\u003c/a\u003e). First attested in German, 1920, in Alfred Wegener's \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003e\\\"Die Entstehung \u003cem\u003eder\u003c/em\u003e Kontinente und Ozeane\\\"\u003c/span\u003e (but according to OED the word is not found in 1914 first edition).\u003c/p\u003e\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[\"cn\",\"de\",\"es\",\"fr\",\"it\",\"jp\",\"kr\",\"pt\",\"tw\"],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"56715\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L23\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_56715\",\"domain_id\":\"56715\",\"word\":\"wandering\",\"canonical_word\":\"wandering\",\"type\":0,\"property\":\"(adj.)\",\"etymology\":\"\u003cp\u003ec. 1300, \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003ewandring\u003c/span\u003e, \\\"travelling from place to place,\\\" without settled route or purpose,\\\" present-participle adjective from \u003ca href=\\\"/word/wander#etymonline_v_4818\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of wander \\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003ewander\u003c/a\u003e (v.). Oldest attested use is in reference to the attention of the mind.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eWandering Jew\u003c/span\u003e of Christian legend is first mentioned 13c. (compare French \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003ele juif errant\u003c/span\u003e, German \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eder\u003c/em\u003e ewige Jude\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"972\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L23\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_972\",\"domain_id\":\"972\",\"word\":\"echinoderm\",\"canonical_word\":\"echinoderm\",\"type\":0,\"property\":\"(n.)\",\"etymology\":\"\u003cp\u003e1834, from Modern Latin \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eEchinodermata\u003c/span\u003e, name of the phylum that includes starfish and sea urchins, from Latinized form of Greek \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eekhinos\u003c/span\u003e \\\"sea urchin,\\\" originally \\\"porcupine, hedgehog\\\" (see \u003ca href=\\\"/word/echidna\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of echidna \\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003eechidna\u003c/a\u003e) + \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003ederma\u003c/span\u003e (genitive \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003edermatos\u003c/span\u003e) \\\"skin,\\\" from PIE root \u003ca href=\\\"/word/*der-\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of *der- \\\"rel=\\\"nofollow\\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e*der-\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e \\\"to split, flay, peel,\\\" with derivatives referring to skin and leather. So called from its spiky shell. 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