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<span>Highway and road</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Highway_and_road-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pedestrian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pedestrian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Pedestrian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pedestrian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Railway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Railway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Railway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Railway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span 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Available in 33 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%B1_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A" title="جسر علوي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جسر علوي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81" title="উড়ালসেতু – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উড়ালসেতু" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Пуцеправод – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пуцеправод" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="ओभरब्रिज – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="ओभरब्रिज" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fly-over" title="Fly-over – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fly-over" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paso_sobre_nivel" title="Paso sobre nivel – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Paso sobre nivel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%B0%D8%B1" title="روگذر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="روگذر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autopont" title="Autopont – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Autopont" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paso_elevado" title="Paso elevado – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Paso elevado" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EA%B0%80%EB%8F%84%EB%A1%9C" title="고가도로 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고가도로" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalan_layang" title="Jalan layang – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jalan layang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavalcavia" title="Cavalcavia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cavalcavia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ce%C4%BCa_p%C4%81rvads" title="Ceļa pārvads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ceļa pārvads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Надвозник – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Надвозник" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2" title="उड्डाणपूल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="उड्डाणपूल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laluan_atas" title="Laluan atas – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Laluan atas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fly-over" title="Fly-over – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fly-over" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yo%CA%BBl_o%CA%BBtkazgichlar" title="Yoʻl oʻtkazgichlar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yoʻl oʻtkazgichlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1" title="فلائی اوور – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فلائی اوور" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estakada" title="Estakada – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Estakada" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Путепровод – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Путепровод" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overpass" title="Overpass – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Overpass" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Надвожњак – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Надвожњак" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ylikulkusilta" title="Ylikulkusilta – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ylikulkusilta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="மேம்பாலம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மேம்பாலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A" title="ทางยกระดับ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทางยกระดับ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Cst_ge%C3%A7it" title="Üst geçit – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Üst geçit" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1byiek_tazwa" title="A̱byiek tazwa – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱byiek tazwa" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4" title="Шляхопровід – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шляхопровід" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1" title="فلائی اوور – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فلائی اوور" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BA%A7u_v%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3t" title="Cầu vượt – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cầu vượt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E8%BB%8A%E5%A4%A9%E6%A9%8B" title="行車天橋 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="行車天橋" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%B6%E7%A9%BA%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF" title="架空道路 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="架空道路" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1425560#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Overpass" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Overpass" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Bridge, road, railway, or similar structure that crosses over another road or railway</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Overpass_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Overpass (disambiguation)">Overpass (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:I-73_at_I-840_Overpasses_Aerial_-_Facing_South_(50698132631).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/I-73_at_I-840_Overpasses_Aerial_-_Facing_South_%2850698132631%29.jpg/220px-I-73_at_I-840_Overpasses_Aerial_-_Facing_South_%2850698132631%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/I-73_at_I-840_Overpasses_Aerial_-_Facing_South_%2850698132631%29.jpg/330px-I-73_at_I-840_Overpasses_Aerial_-_Facing_South_%2850698132631%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/I-73_at_I-840_Overpasses_Aerial_-_Facing_South_%2850698132631%29.jpg/440px-I-73_at_I-840_Overpasses_Aerial_-_Facing_South_%2850698132631%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>Highway <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/Greensboro,+NC/@36.1182339,-79.9086607,62a,38.7y,151.47h,68.46t/data=!3m1!1e3!4m6!3m5!1s0x8853193f38c77b79:0x93b9c49478be12c8!8m2!3d36.0725632!4d-79.791534!16zL20vMGtjdzI?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI0MTAxNS4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3">overpass</a> in <a href="/wiki/Greensboro,_North_Carolina" title="Greensboro, North Carolina">Greensboro, North Carolina</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:020_N700_Series_Shinkansen_%E6%96%B0%E5%B9%B9%E7%B7%9A_arriving_at_Kyoto_Station,_Japan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/020_N700_Series_Shinkansen_%E6%96%B0%E5%B9%B9%E7%B7%9A_arriving_at_Kyoto_Station%2C_Japan.jpg/220px-020_N700_Series_Shinkansen_%E6%96%B0%E5%B9%B9%E7%B7%9A_arriving_at_Kyoto_Station%2C_Japan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/020_N700_Series_Shinkansen_%E6%96%B0%E5%B9%B9%E7%B7%9A_arriving_at_Kyoto_Station%2C_Japan.jpg/330px-020_N700_Series_Shinkansen_%E6%96%B0%E5%B9%B9%E7%B7%9A_arriving_at_Kyoto_Station%2C_Japan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/020_N700_Series_Shinkansen_%E6%96%B0%E5%B9%B9%E7%B7%9A_arriving_at_Kyoto_Station%2C_Japan.jpg/440px-020_N700_Series_Shinkansen_%E6%96%B0%E5%B9%B9%E7%B7%9A_arriving_at_Kyoto_Station%2C_Japan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2460" data-file-height="1640" /></a><figcaption>Overpass crossing multiple railway lines and roads in <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a>, Japan</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HK_STT_%E7%9F%B3%E5%A1%98%E5%92%80_Shek_Tong_Tsui_Hill_Road_flyover_bridge_December_2021_Px3_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/HK_STT_%E7%9F%B3%E5%A1%98%E5%92%80_Shek_Tong_Tsui_Hill_Road_flyover_bridge_December_2021_Px3_02.jpg/220px-HK_STT_%E7%9F%B3%E5%A1%98%E5%92%80_Shek_Tong_Tsui_Hill_Road_flyover_bridge_December_2021_Px3_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/HK_STT_%E7%9F%B3%E5%A1%98%E5%92%80_Shek_Tong_Tsui_Hill_Road_flyover_bridge_December_2021_Px3_02.jpg/330px-HK_STT_%E7%9F%B3%E5%A1%98%E5%92%80_Shek_Tong_Tsui_Hill_Road_flyover_bridge_December_2021_Px3_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/HK_STT_%E7%9F%B3%E5%A1%98%E5%92%80_Shek_Tong_Tsui_Hill_Road_flyover_bridge_December_2021_Px3_02.jpg/440px-HK_STT_%E7%9F%B3%E5%A1%98%E5%92%80_Shek_Tong_Tsui_Hill_Road_flyover_bridge_December_2021_Px3_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>In <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, an overpass is built along a street or road, like <a href="/wiki/Hill_Road,_Hong_Kong" title="Hill Road, Hong Kong">Hill Road Flyover</a>, to alleviate traffic between two main roads.</figcaption></figure> <p>An <b>overpass</b>, called an <b>overbridge</b> or <b>flyover</b> (for a road only) in the United Kingdom and some other <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth</a> countries, is a <a href="/wiki/Bridge" title="Bridge">bridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Road" title="Road">road</a>, <a href="/wiki/Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway">railway</a> or similar structure that is over another road or railway. An <i>overpass</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Underpass" class="mw-redirect" title="Underpass">underpass</a></i> together form a <a href="/wiki/Grade_separation" title="Grade separation">grade separation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Stack_interchange" title="Stack interchange">Stack interchanges</a> are made up of several overpasses. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Overpass&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The world's first railroad flyover was constructed in 1843 by the <a href="/wiki/London_and_Croydon_Railway" title="London and Croydon Railway">London and Croydon Railway</a> at <a href="/wiki/Norwood_Junction_railway_station" title="Norwood Junction railway station">Norwood Junction railway station</a> to carry its <a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_railway" title="Atmospheric railway">atmospheric railway</a> vehicles over the <a href="/wiki/Brighton_Main_Line" title="Brighton Main Line">Brighton Main Line</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Highway_and_road">Highway and road</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Overpass&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Highway and road"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In North American usage, a <i>flyover</i> is a high-level overpass, built above main overpass lanes, or a bridge built over what had been an <a href="/wiki/At-grade_intersection" class="mw-redirect" title="At-grade intersection">at-grade intersection</a>. Traffic engineers usually refer to the latter as a <i><a href="/wiki/Grade_separation" title="Grade separation">grade separation</a></i>. A flyover may also be an extra ramp added to an existing interchange, either replacing an existing <a href="/wiki/Cloverleaf_interchange" title="Cloverleaf interchange">cloverleaf</a> loop (or being built in place of one) with a higher, faster ramp that eventually bears left, but may be built as a right or left exit. </p><p>A cloverleaf or partial cloverleaf contains some 270 degree loops, which can slow traffic and can be difficult to construct with multiple lanes. Where all such turns are replaced with flyovers (perhaps with some underpasses) only 90 degree turns are needed, and there may be four or more distinct levels of traffic. Depending upon design, traffic may flow in all directions at or near open road speeds (when not congested). For more examples, see <a href="/wiki/Freeway_interchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Freeway interchange">Freeway interchange</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pedestrian">Pedestrian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Overpass&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Pedestrian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Pedestrian_separation_structure" title="Pedestrian separation structure">pedestrian overpass</a> allows traffic to pass without affecting <a href="/wiki/Pedestrian" title="Pedestrian">pedestrian</a> safety. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Railway">Railway</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Overpass&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Railway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Railway overpasses are used to replace <a href="/wiki/Level_crossing" title="Level crossing">level crossings</a> (at-grade crossings) as a safer alternative. Using overpasses allows for unobstructed rail traffic to flow without conflicting with vehicular and pedestrian traffic. <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">Rapid transit</a> systems use complete grade separation of their <a href="/wiki/Right-of-way_(transportation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-of-way (transportation)">rights of way</a> to avoid traffic interference with frequent and reliable service. </p><p>Railroads also use <a href="/wiki/Balloon_loop" title="Balloon loop">balloon loops</a> and <a href="/wiki/Flying_junction" title="Flying junction">flying junctions</a> instead of <a href="/wiki/Flat_junction" class="mw-redirect" title="Flat junction">flat junctions</a>, as a way to reverse direction and to avoid trains conflicting with those on other tracks. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Overpass&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Overpasses_in_Spain.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Overpasses near Barcelona"><img alt="Overpasses near Barcelona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Overpasses_in_Spain.JPG/320px-Overpasses_in_Spain.JPG" decoding="async" width="214" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Overpasses_in_Spain.JPG/480px-Overpasses_in_Spain.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Overpasses_in_Spain.JPG/640px-Overpasses_in_Spain.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Overpasses near <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 282.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cumberland_Highway.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cumberland Highway overpasses a street in Sydney"><img alt="Cumberland Highway overpasses a street in Sydney" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Cumberland_Highway.jpg/421px-Cumberland_Highway.jpg" decoding="async" width="281" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Cumberland_Highway.jpg/631px-Cumberland_Highway.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Cumberland_Highway.jpg/841px-Cumberland_Highway.jpg 2x" data-file-width="948" data-file-height="541" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Highway" title="Cumberland Highway">Cumberland Highway</a> overpasses a street in <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 333.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Los_Angeles_Freeway_Interchange.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A high-capacity stack interchange: the Judge Harry Pregerson Interchange in Los Angeles"><img alt="A high-capacity stack interchange: the Judge Harry Pregerson Interchange in Los Angeles" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Los_Angeles_Freeway_Interchange.jpg/500px-Los_Angeles_Freeway_Interchange.jpg" decoding="async" width="334" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Los_Angeles_Freeway_Interchange.jpg/750px-Los_Angeles_Freeway_Interchange.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Los_Angeles_Freeway_Interchange.jpg/1000px-Los_Angeles_Freeway_Interchange.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2032" data-file-height="976" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A high-capacity <a href="/wiki/Stack_interchange" title="Stack interchange">stack interchange</a>: the <a href="/wiki/Judge_Harry_Pregerson_Interchange" title="Judge Harry Pregerson Interchange">Judge Harry Pregerson Interchange</a> in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 417.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 415.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SandgateRailOverpass.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Sandgate Flyover, New South Wales, where two main railway lines pass over two dedicated coal lines"><img alt="Sandgate Flyover, New South Wales, where two main railway lines pass over two dedicated coal lines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/SandgateRailOverpass.JPG/623px-SandgateRailOverpass.JPG" decoding="async" width="416" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/SandgateRailOverpass.JPG/934px-SandgateRailOverpass.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/SandgateRailOverpass.JPG/1245px-SandgateRailOverpass.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1695" data-file-height="654" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sandgate_Flyover" title="Sandgate Flyover">Sandgate Flyover</a>, New South Wales, where two main railway lines pass over two dedicated coal lines</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_entrance_of_Zheng_Qi_Overpass_20110114.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Zheng Qi overpass, Taipei"><img alt="Zheng Qi overpass, Taipei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/South_entrance_of_Zheng_Qi_Overpass_20110114.jpg/320px-South_entrance_of_Zheng_Qi_Overpass_20110114.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/South_entrance_of_Zheng_Qi_Overpass_20110114.jpg/480px-South_entrance_of_Zheng_Qi_Overpass_20110114.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/South_entrance_of_Zheng_Qi_Overpass_20110114.jpg/640px-South_entrance_of_Zheng_Qi_Overpass_20110114.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Zheng Qi overpass, <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 404px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 402px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Overpass-NYThruway-355.25-c.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="New York State Thruway overpass"><img alt="New York State Thruway overpass" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Overpass-NYThruway-355.25-c.jpg/603px-Overpass-NYThruway-355.25-c.jpg" decoding="async" width="402" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Overpass-NYThruway-355.25-c.jpg/904px-Overpass-NYThruway-355.25-c.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Overpass-NYThruway-355.25-c.jpg 2x" data-file-width="959" data-file-height="382" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Thruway" title="New York State Thruway">New York State Thruway</a> overpass</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pedestrian_overpass.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Pedestrian overpass, I-64, St. Louis, Missouri. This overpass is located at the St. Louis Science Center."><img alt="Pedestrian overpass, I-64, St. Louis, Missouri. This overpass is located at the St. Louis Science Center." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Pedestrian_overpass.JPG/360px-Pedestrian_overpass.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Pedestrian_overpass.JPG/540px-Pedestrian_overpass.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Pedestrian_overpass.JPG/720px-Pedestrian_overpass.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pedestrian overpass, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_64_in_Missouri" title="Interstate 64 in Missouri">I-64</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>. This overpass is located at the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Science_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis Science Center">St. Louis Science Center</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sion_Panvel_Highway_Kharghar_exit.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="A road sign on Sion Panvel Highway in India instructing travellers to use flyover for onward journey."><img alt="A road sign on Sion Panvel Highway in India instructing travellers to use flyover for onward journey." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Sion_Panvel_Highway_Kharghar_exit.jpeg/320px-Sion_Panvel_Highway_Kharghar_exit.jpeg" decoding="async" width="214" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Sion_Panvel_Highway_Kharghar_exit.jpeg/480px-Sion_Panvel_Highway_Kharghar_exit.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Sion_Panvel_Highway_Kharghar_exit.jpeg/640px-Sion_Panvel_Highway_Kharghar_exit.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2222" data-file-height="1667" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A road sign on <a href="/wiki/Sion_Panvel_Highway" title="Sion Panvel Highway">Sion Panvel Highway</a> in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> instructing travellers to use flyover for onward journey.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 322px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 320px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Burbank_Ave_I-5_overpass_under_construction_in_Burbank,_California.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Overpass under construction over Interstate 5 in Burbank, California, July 2021"><img alt="Overpass under construction over Interstate 5 in Burbank, California, July 2021" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Burbank_Ave_I-5_overpass_under_construction_in_Burbank%2C_California.JPG/480px-Burbank_Ave_I-5_overpass_under_construction_in_Burbank%2C_California.JPG" decoding="async" width="320" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Burbank_Ave_I-5_overpass_under_construction_in_Burbank%2C_California.JPG/720px-Burbank_Ave_I-5_overpass_under_construction_in_Burbank%2C_California.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Burbank_Ave_I-5_overpass_under_construction_in_Burbank%2C_California.JPG/960px-Burbank_Ave_I-5_overpass_under_construction_in_Burbank%2C_California.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="2500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Overpass under construction over <a href="/wiki/Interstate_5_in_California" title="Interstate 5 in California">Interstate 5</a> in <a href="/wiki/Burbank,_California" title="Burbank, California">Burbank, California</a>, July 2021</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 214.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 212.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Athens-Kiffisia-aerial.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Round overpass in Athens"><img alt="Round overpass in Athens" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Athens-Kiffisia-aerial.jpg/319px-Athens-Kiffisia-aerial.jpg" decoding="async" width="213" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Athens-Kiffisia-aerial.jpg/478px-Athens-Kiffisia-aerial.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Athens-Kiffisia-aerial.jpg/638px-Athens-Kiffisia-aerial.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="753" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Round overpass in <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:General_Holmes_Drive_from_aircraft_window.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sydney airport taxiway going over a major road."><img alt="Sydney airport taxiway going over a major road." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/General_Holmes_Drive_from_aircraft_window.jpg/360px-General_Holmes_Drive_from_aircraft_window.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/General_Holmes_Drive_from_aircraft_window.jpg/540px-General_Holmes_Drive_from_aircraft_window.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/General_Holmes_Drive_from_aircraft_window.jpg/720px-General_Holmes_Drive_from_aircraft_window.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sydney airport taxiway going over a major road.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Welcome_to_New_Jersey_Turnpike_Southbound_Edgewood_Road_Bridge_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sign welcoming drivers to the New Jersey Turnpike under the Edgewood Road Bridge in Leonia, New Jersey"><img alt="Sign welcoming drivers to the New Jersey Turnpike under the Edgewood Road Bridge in Leonia, New Jersey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Welcome_to_New_Jersey_Turnpike_Southbound_Edgewood_Road_Bridge_2023.jpg/320px-Welcome_to_New_Jersey_Turnpike_Southbound_Edgewood_Road_Bridge_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Welcome_to_New_Jersey_Turnpike_Southbound_Edgewood_Road_Bridge_2023.jpg/480px-Welcome_to_New_Jersey_Turnpike_Southbound_Edgewood_Road_Bridge_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Welcome_to_New_Jersey_Turnpike_Southbound_Edgewood_Road_Bridge_2023.jpg/640px-Welcome_to_New_Jersey_Turnpike_Southbound_Edgewood_Road_Bridge_2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sign welcoming drivers to the <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Turnpike" title="New Jersey Turnpike">New Jersey Turnpike</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Edgewood_Road_Bridge" title="Edgewood Road Bridge">Edgewood Road Bridge</a> in <a href="/wiki/Leonia,_New_Jersey" title="Leonia, New Jersey">Leonia, New Jersey</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Overpass&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Footbridge" title="Footbridge">Footbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyway" title="Skyway">Skyway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stack_interchange" title="Stack interchange">Stack interchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viaduct" title="Viaduct">Viaduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_crossing" title="Wildlife crossing">Wildlife crossing</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Overpass&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHenry_K._Evans1950" class="citation web cs1">Henry K. Evans (1950). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120318064658/http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/institute-of-traffic-engineers/traffic-engineering-handbook-hci/page-46-traffic-engineering-handbook-hci.shtml">"Read the ebook Traffic engineering handbook by Institute of Traffic Engineers"</a>. <i>ENGINEERING HANDBOOK, Second Edition 1950</i>. New Haven, Connecticut: Institute of Traffic Engineers. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/institute-of-traffic-engineers/traffic-engineering-handbook-hci/page-46-traffic-engineering-handbook-hci.shtml">the original</a> on March 18, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 9,</span> 2010</span> – via eBooksRead.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ENGINEERING+HANDBOOK%2C+Second+Edition+1950&rft.atitle=Read+the+ebook+Traffic+engineering+handbook+by+Institute+of+Traffic+Engineers&rft.date=1950&rft.au=Henry+K.+Evans&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ebooksread.com%2Fauthors-eng%2Finstitute-of-traffic-engineers%2Ftraffic-engineering-handbook-hci%2Fpage-46-traffic-engineering-handbook-hci.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOverpass" class="Z3988"></span> Search for [Separation, Grade].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurner1977" class="citation book cs1">Turner, J.T. Howard (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/londonbrightonso0000turn_t7e4/page/249/mode/1up?view=theater&q=flyover+%22the+first+in+the+world%22"><i>The London Brighton and South Coast Railway 1. Origins and formation</i></a>. London: Batsford. p. 249. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7134-0275-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7134-0275-9"><bdi>978-0-7134-0275-9</bdi></a> – via <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+London+Brighton+and+South+Coast+Railway+1.+Origins+and+formation&rft.place=London&rft.pages=249&rft.pub=Batsford&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-0-7134-0275-9&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=J.T.+Howard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flondonbrightonso0000turn_t7e4%2Fpage%2F249%2Fmode%2F1up%3Fview%3Dtheater%26q%3Dflyover%2B%2522the%2Bfirst%2Bin%2Bthe%2Bworld%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOverpass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Overpass&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Overpasses" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Overpasses">Overpasses</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <div 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Road_types" title="Template:Road types"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Road_types" title="Template talk:Road types"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Road_types" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Road types"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Road_hierarchy380" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Road" title="Road">Road</a> <a href="/wiki/Road_hierarchy" title="Road hierarchy">hierarchy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Types_of_road" title="Types of road">Types of road</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Limited-access_road" title="Limited-access road">Limited-access</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_highway" title="Bicycle highway">Bicycle highway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Controlled-access_highway" title="Controlled-access highway">Freeway / Motorway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dual_carriageway" title="Dual carriageway">Dual carriageway / Divided highway / Expressway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevated_highway" title="Elevated highway">Elevated highway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Limited-access_roads_by_country" title="Category:Limited-access roads by country">By country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Australia" title="Highways in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Belgium#Road_transport" title="Transport in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Highway_System" title="Brazilian Highway System">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Canada" title="Roads in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expressways_of_China" title="Expressways of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Croatia" title="Highways in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Highways in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autobahn" title="Autobahn">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Greece" title="Highways in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_streets_and_roads_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of streets and roads in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_India" title="Roads in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-quality_dual_carriageway" title="High-quality dual carriageway">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Italy" title="Roads in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Nepal" title="Roads in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Pakistan" title="Roads in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Poland" title="Highways in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Portugal" title="Roads in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Spain" title="Highways in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highway_system_in_Taiwan" title="Highway system in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Roads in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numbered_highways_in_the_United_States" title="Numbered highways in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main roads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arterial_road" title="Arterial road">Arterial road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collector_road" title="Collector road">Collector road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_highway" title="County highway">County highway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local%E2%80%93express_lanes" title="Local–express lanes">Express–collector setup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farm-to-market_road" title="Farm-to-market road">Farm-to-market road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highway" title="Highway">Highway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Link_road" title="Link road">Link road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-lane_expressway" title="Two-lane expressway">Two-lane expressway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2%2B1_road" title="2+1 road">2+1 road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2%2B2_road" title="2+2 road">2+2 road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkway" title="Parkway">Parkway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_road" title="Ring road">Ring road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trunk_road" title="Trunk road">Trunk road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highway_systems_by_country" title="Highway systems by country">Highway systems by country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Local roads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Alley</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_(landscape)" title="Avenue (landscape)">Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back_road" title="Back road">Back road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_boulevard" title="Bicycle boulevard">Bicycle boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulevard" title="Boulevard">Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Country_lane" title="Country lane">Country lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dead-end_street" title="Dead-end street">Dead end</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driveway" title="Driveway">Driveway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontage_road" title="Frontage road">Frontage road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_lane_(road)" title="Green lane (road)">Green lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Street" title="Main Street">Main street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primitive_road" title="Primitive road">Primitive road</a></li> <li>Road</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Side_road" title="Side road">Side road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_carriageway" title="Single carriageway">Single carriageway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-track_road" title="Single-track road">Single-track road</a></li> <li>Street</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunken_lane" title="Sunken lane">Sunken lane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other terms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concurrency_(road)" title="Concurrency (road)">Concurrency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detour" title="Detour">Detour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_hierarchy" title="Road hierarchy">Road hierarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_highway" title="Private highway">Private highway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Route_number" title="Route number">Route number</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_route" title="Special route">special route</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_route" title="Business route">business route</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_hierarchy" title="Street hierarchy">Street hierarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stravenue" title="Stravenue">Stravenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stroad" title="Stroad">Stroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toll_road" title="Toll road">Toll road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_road" title="Winter road">Winter road</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Road_junction" title="Road junction">Road junctions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Interchange_(road)" title="Interchange (road)">Interchanges</a><br /><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Grade_separation" title="Grade separation">grade-separated</a>)</span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cloverleaf_interchange" title="Cloverleaf interchange">Cloverleaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_interchange" title="Diamond interchange">Diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free-flow_interchange" title="Free-flow interchange">Free-flow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interchange_(road)#Directional_T_interchange" title="Interchange (road)">Directional T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diverging_diamond_interchange" title="Diverging diamond interchange">Diverging diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partial_cloverleaf_interchange" title="Partial cloverleaf interchange">Parclo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raindrop_interchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Raindrop interchange">Raindrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roundabout_interchange" title="Roundabout interchange">Roundabout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-point_urban_interchange" title="Single-point urban interchange">Single-point urban (SPUI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stack_interchange" title="Stack interchange">Stack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-level_diamond_interchange" title="Three-level diamond interchange">Three-level diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interchange_(road)#Trumpet_interchange" title="Interchange (road)">Trumpet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Intersection_(road)" title="Intersection (road)">Intersections<br /><span class="nobold">(at-grade)</span></a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Three-way_junction" title="Three-way junction">3-way junction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowtie_(road)" title="Bowtie (road)">Bowtie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Box_junction" title="Box junction">Box junction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channelization_(roads)" title="Channelization (roads)">Channelization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuous-flow_intersection" title="Continuous-flow intersection">Continuous flow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook_turn" title="Hook turn">Hook turn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jughandle" title="Jughandle">Jughandle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_left" title="Michigan left">Michigan left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offset_T-intersection" title="Offset T-intersection">Offset T-intersection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_intersection" title="Protected intersection">Protected intersection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrant_roadway_intersection" title="Quadrant roadway intersection">Quadrant roadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-in/right-out" title="Right-in/right-out">Right-in/right-out (RIRO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roundabout" title="Roundabout">Roundabout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seagull_intersection" title="Seagull intersection">Seagull intersection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split_intersection" title="Split intersection">Split intersection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superstreet" title="Superstreet">Superstreet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_U-turn" title="Texas U-turn">Texas U-turn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnaround_(road)" title="Turnaround (road)">Turnaround</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Road_surface" title="Road surface">Surfaces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asphalt_concrete" title="Asphalt concrete">Asphalt concrete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioasphalt" title="Bioasphalt">Bioasphalt</a></li> <li>Brick</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipseal" title="Chipseal">Chipseal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobblestone" title="Cobblestone">Cobblestone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concrete#Roads" title="Concrete">Concrete</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reinforced_concrete" title="Reinforced concrete">Reinforced concrete</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corduroy_road" title="Corduroy road">Corduroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocodile_cracking" title="Crocodile cracking">Crocodile cracking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crushed_stone" title="Crushed stone">Crushed stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_grinding_of_pavement" title="Diamond grinding of pavement">Diamond grinding of pavement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirt_road" title="Dirt road">Dirt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_depth_recycling" title="Full depth recycling">Full depth recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glassphalt" title="Glassphalt">Glassphalt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravel_road" title="Gravel road">Gravel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_road" title="Ice road">Ice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macadam" title="Macadam">Macadam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavement_milling" title="Pavement milling">Pavement milling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permeable_paving" title="Permeable paving">Permeable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plank_road" title="Plank road">Plank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_road" title="Plastic road">Plastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubberized_asphalt" title="Rubberized asphalt">Rubberized asphalt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sealcoat" title="Sealcoat">Sealcoat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sett_(paving)" title="Sett (paving)">Sett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamped_asphalt" title="Stamped asphalt">Stamped asphalt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarmacadam" title="Tarmacadam">Tarmac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_texture" title="Road texture">Texture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Road_traffic_safety" title="Road traffic safety">Road safety<br />factors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Road and<br />environment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquaplaning" title="Aquaplaning">Aquaplaning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avalanche" title="Avalanche">Avalanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_ice" title="Black ice">Black ice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleeding_(roads)" title="Bleeding (roads)">Bleeding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crosswind" title="Crosswind">Crosswind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dead_Man%27s_Curve" title="Dead Man's Curve">Dead Man's Curve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expansion_joint" title="Expansion joint">Expansion joint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fog" title="Fog">Fog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_(crossing)" title="Ford (crossing)">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairpin_turn" title="Hairpin turn">Hairpin turn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Level_crossing" title="Level crossing">Level crossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhole_cover" title="Manhole cover">Manhole cover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_spill" title="Oil spill">Oil spill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oversize_load" title="Oversize load">Oversize load</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pothole" title="Pothole">Pothole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_debris" title="Road debris">Road debris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_slipperiness" title="Road slipperiness">Road slipperiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_train" title="Road train">Road train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roadkill" title="Roadkill">Roadkill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockfall" title="Rockfall">Rockfall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rut_(roads)" title="Rut (roads)">Rut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_squall" title="Snow squall">Snow squall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speed_bump" title="Speed bump">Speed bump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storm_drain" title="Storm drain">Storm drain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_light" title="Traffic light">Traffic light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_sign" title="Traffic sign">Traffic sign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washboarding" title="Washboarding">Washboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washout_(erosion)" title="Washout (erosion)">Washout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiteout_(weather)" title="Whiteout (weather)">Whiteout</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Traffic_psychology" title="Traffic psychology">Human factors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Driver%27s_education" title="Driver's education">Driver's education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driving_under_the_influence" title="Driving under the influence">Driving under the influence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drowsy_driving" title="Drowsy driving">Drowsy driving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_rage" title="Road rage">Road rage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-vehicle_crash" class="mw-redirect" title="Single-vehicle crash">Single-vehicle crash</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airbag" title="Airbag">Airbag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_safety" title="Automotive safety">Automotive safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crumple_zone" title="Crumple zone">Crumple zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seat_belt" title="Seat belt">Seat belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Risk_compensation#Road_transport" title="Risk compensation">Risk compensation (road transport)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underride_guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Underride guard">Underride guard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Traffic#Rules_of_the_road" title="Traffic">Space and<br />time allocation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barrier_transfer_machine" title="Barrier transfer machine">Barrier transfer machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bike_lane" title="Bike lane">Bike lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_lane" title="Climbing lane">Climbing lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complete_streets" title="Complete streets">Complete streets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contraflow_lane" title="Contraflow lane">Contraflow lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contraflow_lane_reversal" title="Contraflow lane reversal">Contraflow lane reversal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-occupancy_toll_lane" title="High-occupancy toll lane">High-occupancy toll lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-occupancy_vehicle_lane" title="High-occupancy vehicle lane">High-occupancy vehicle lane</a></li> <li>Lane</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Living_street" title="Living street">Living street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Managed_lane" title="Managed lane">Managed lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Median_strip" title="Median strip">Median / Central reservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_lane" title="Motorcycle lane">Motorcycle lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passing_lane" title="Passing lane">Passing lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedestrian_crossing" title="Pedestrian crossing">Pedestrian crossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedestrian_zone" title="Pedestrian zone">Pedestrian zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refuge_island" title="Refuge island">Refuge island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reversible_lane" title="Reversible lane">Reversible lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_diet" title="Road diet">Road diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_verge" title="Road verge">Road verge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runaway_truck_ramp" title="Runaway truck ramp">Runaway truck ramp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shared_space" title="Shared space">Shared space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidewalk" title="Sidewalk">Sidewalk / Pavement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoulder_(road)" title="Shoulder (road)">Shoulder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_running_train" title="Street running train">Street-running railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_calming" title="Traffic calming">Traffic calming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic" title="Left- and right-hand traffic">Traffic directionality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_island" title="Traffic island">Traffic island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_lanes" class="mw-redirect" title="Traffic lanes">Traffic lanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_signal_preemption" title="Traffic signal preemption">Traffic signal preemption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truck_bypass" title="Truck bypass">Truck bypass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unused_highway" title="Unused highway">Unused highway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wide_outside_lane" title="Wide outside lane">Wide outside lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woonerf" title="Woonerf">Woonerf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Demarcation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bollard" title="Bollard">Bollard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botts%27_dots" title="Botts' dots">Botts' dots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_barrier" title="Cable barrier">Cable barrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat%27s_eye_(road)" title="Cat's eye (road)">Cat's eye (road)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concrete_step_barrier" title="Concrete step barrier">Concrete step barrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constant-slope_barrier" title="Constant-slope barrier">Constant-slope barrier</a></li> <li>Curb</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-shape_barrier" title="F-shape barrier">F-shape barrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guard_rail" title="Guard rail">Guard rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_barrier" title="Jersey barrier">Jersey barrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kassel_kerb" title="Kassel kerb">Kassel kerb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noise_barrier" title="Noise barrier">Noise barrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raised_pavement_marker" title="Raised pavement marker">Raised pavement marker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_surface_marking" title="Road surface marking">Road surface marking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumble_strip" title="Rumble strip">Rumble strip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_barrier" title="Traffic barrier">Traffic barrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_cone" title="Traffic cone">Traffic cone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Structures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Bridge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Causeway" title="Causeway">Causeway</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Overpass / Flyover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunnel" title="Tunnel">Underpass / Tunnel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Performance<br />indicators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pavement_condition_index" title="Pavement condition index">Pavement condition index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_roughness_index" title="International roughness index">International roughness index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Present_serviceability_index" title="Present serviceability index">Present serviceability index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavement_performance_modeling" title="Pavement performance modeling">Pavement performance modeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granular_base_equivalency" title="Granular base equivalency">Granular base equivalency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_road_transport_terms" title="Glossary of road transport terms">Glossary of road transport terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_road_types_by_features" class="mw-redirect" title="List of road types by features">Road types by features</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Traffic_signs" title="Template:Traffic signs">Template:Traffic signs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Infrastructure222" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Infrastructure" title="Template:Infrastructure"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Infrastructure" title="Template talk:Infrastructure"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Infrastructure" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Infrastructure"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Infrastructure222" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Infrastructure" title="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bridge" title="Bridge">Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canal" title="Canal">Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Causeway" title="Causeway">Causeway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dam" title="Dam">Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drainage" title="Drainage">Drainage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Footbridge" title="Footbridge">Footbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interchange_(road)" title="Interchange (road)">Interchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levee" title="Levee">Levee</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Overpass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipeline" title="Pipeline">Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road" title="Road">Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyway" title="Skyway">Skyway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storm_drain" title="Storm drain">Storm drain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunnel" title="Tunnel">Tunnel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>See also:</i> <a 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