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id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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(1809)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1809 battle during the War of the Fifth Coalition</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Battle of Tarvis (1809)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Fifth_Coalition" title="War of the Fifth Coalition">War of the Fifth Coalition</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albrecht_Adam_Malborgeth_1809.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Albrecht_Adam_Malborgeth_1809.jpg/280px-Albrecht_Adam_Malborgeth_1809.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Albrecht_Adam_Malborgeth_1809.jpg/420px-Albrecht_Adam_Malborgeth_1809.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Albrecht_Adam_Malborgeth_1809.jpg/560px-Albrecht_Adam_Malborgeth_1809.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1414" data-file-height="951" /></a></span><br />Storming of Malborghetto Fort by Albrecht Adam (1786–1862)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>15 May to 18 May 1809</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Tarvisio" title="Tarvisio">Tarvisio</a>, modern-day <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></div><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Battle_of_Tarvis_(1809)&params=46_30_18_N_13_34_42_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°30′18″N</span> <span class="longitude">13°34′42″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.50500°N 13.57833°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">46.50500; 13.57833</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Franco-Italian victory<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908403_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBodart1908403-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire"><img alt="First French Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First French Empire</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)"><img alt="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Kingdom of Italy</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire"><img alt="Austrian Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)"><img alt="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_de_Beauharnais" title="Eugène de Beauharnais">Eugène de Beauharnais</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire"><img alt="Austrian Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Gyulai" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Gyulai">Albert Gyulai</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Tarvis: 25,000<br />Predil: 8,500, 12 guns<br />Malborghetto: 15,000<br />Total: 38,500 men</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Tarvis: 6,000, 10 guns<br />Predil: 250, 8 guns<br />Malborghetto: 650, 10 guns<br />Total: 6,900 men, 28 guns</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Tarvis: 380<br />Predil: 450<br />Malborghetto: over 80<br />Total: Over 1,010 men</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Tarvis: 1,789, 6 guns<br />Predil: 250, 8 guns<br />Malborghetto: 650, 10 guns<br />Total: 2,689 men, 24 guns</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Fifth_Coalition" title="Template:Campaignbox Fifth Coalition"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Fifth_Coalition" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Fifth Coalition"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Fifth_Coalition" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Fifth Coalition"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="War_of_the_Fifth_Coalition" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Fifth_Coalition" title="War of the Fifth Coalition"><span class="wrap">War of the Fifth Coalition</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>German and Austrian campaign</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Teugen-Hausen" title="Battle of Teugen-Hausen">Teugen-Hausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Abensberg" title="Battle of Abensberg">Abensberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Landshut_(1809)" title="Battle of Landshut (1809)"><b>Landshut</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Eckm%C3%BChl" title="Battle of Eckmühl"><b>Eckmühl</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ratisbon" title="Battle of Ratisbon">Ratisbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neumarkt-Sankt_Veit" title="Battle of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit">Neumarkt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ebelsberg" title="Battle of Ebelsberg">Ebelsberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Schwarze_Lackenau" title="Battle of Schwarze Lackenau">Schwarze Lackenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Linz-Urfahr" title="Battle of Linz-Urfahr">Linz-Urfahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aspern-Essling" title="Battle of Aspern-Essling"><b>Aspern-Essling</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sankt_Michael" title="Battle of Sankt Michael">Sankt Michael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raab_(1809)" title="Battle of Raab (1809)">Raab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Graz" title="Battle of Graz">Graz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wagram" title="Battle of Wagram"><b>Wagram</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Korneuburg" title="Combat of Korneuburg">Korneuburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Stockerau" title="Combat of Stockerau">Stockerau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hollabrunn_(1809)" title="Battle of Hollabrunn (1809)">Hollabrunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Sch%C3%B6ngrabern" title="Combat of Schöngrabern">Schöngrabern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Znaim" title="Battle of Znaim">Znaim</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Italian campaign</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sacile" title="Battle of Sacile">Sacile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caldiero_(1809)" title="Battle of Caldiero (1809)">Caldiero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Piave_River_(1809)" title="Battle of Piave River (1809)">Piave River</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tarvis</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Austro-Polish_War" title="Austro-Polish War">Austro-Polish War</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raszyn_(1809)" title="Battle of Raszyn (1809)">Raszyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kock_(1809)" title="Battle of Kock (1809)">Kock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Radzymin_(1809)" title="Battle of Radzymin (1809)">Radzymin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galician_Uprising_(1809)" title="Galician Uprising (1809)">Galician</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_campaign_of_1809" title="Dalmatian campaign of 1809">Dalmatian campaign</a></dt></dl> <dl><dt>Other battles</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Basque_Roads" title="Battle of the Basque Roads">Basque Roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_31_May_1809" title="Action of 31 May 1809">Bay of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walcheren_Campaign" title="Walcheren Campaign">Walcheren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gefrees" title="Battle of Gefrees">Gefrees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Halberstadt" title="Battle of Halberstadt">Halberstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C3%96lper_(1809)" title="Battle of Ölper (1809)">Ölper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrolean_Rebellion" title="Tyrolean Rebellion">Tyrolean Rebellion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Bergisel" title="Battles of Bergisel">Bergisel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_W%C3%B6rgl" title="Battle of Wörgl">Wörgl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1809_Gottscheer_rebellion" title="1809 Gottscheer rebellion">Gottscheer Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Saint-Paul" title="Raid on Saint-Paul">Saint-Paul</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="position: relative; top: 0px; right: 0px; width: 304px;"><div class="center" style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Fifth_Coalition" title="War of the Fifth Coalition">War of the Fifth Coalition</a></div><div class="thumbinner noresize" style="position: relative; top: 0px; right: 0px; outline:0px; border:0px; padding:0px; height: 160px; width: 304px;"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container floatright" style="width: 304px; height: 160px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm" data-width="304" data-height="160" data-zoom="5" data-lat="47.5" data-lon="13.5" href="/wiki/Special:Map/5/47.5/13.5/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm,5,47.5,13.5,304x160.png?lang=en" width="304" height="160" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm,5,47.5,13.5,304x160@2x.png?lang=en 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: blue; top: -72px; left: 0px; width: 304px; height: 304px; transform: rotate(0deg); border-radius: 0px; background-color: #FFFFFF00; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 73px; left: -2px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 142px; left: 291px; width: 12px; height: 12px; background-color: transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright" title="About OpenStreetMaps" rel="nofollow"><img alt="About OpenStreetMaps" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/12px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/18px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 142px; left: 194px; width: 12px; height: 12px; background-color: transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Maps_Terms_of_Use" title="Maps: terms of use"><img alt="Maps: terms of use" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/12px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/18px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: blue; top: 116px; left: 242.5px; background-color:transparent; color:inherit; transform: rotate(0deg);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Mapscaleline.svg/52px-Mapscaleline.svg.png" decoding="async" width="52" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Mapscaleline.svg/78px-Mapscaleline.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Mapscaleline.svg/104px-Mapscaleline.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="18" /></span></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 115.875px; left: 288px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: grey; font-size: 9px; font-weight:normal;"> 200km<br />125miles</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 26.314885749678px; left: 203.8626268887px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #800000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 26.314885749678px; left: 200.3626268887px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #800000; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 26.314885749678px; left: 210.3626268887px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">22</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 26.314885749678px; left: 203.8626268887px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Znaim" title="Armistice of Znaim"><img alt="Armistice of Znaim from 10–11 July 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 36.374439965549px; left: 205.00699212181px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000080; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 36.374439965549px; left: 201.50699212181px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #000080; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 36.374439965549px; left: 211.50699212181px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">21</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 36.374439965549px; left: 205.00699212181px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hollabrunn_(1809)" title="Battle of Hollabrunn (1809)"><img alt="Battle of Hollabrunn (1809) on 9 July 1809 Combat of Schöngrabern on 10 July 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 42.933933276563px; left: 207.75346868128px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000080; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 42.933933276563px; left: 204.25346868128px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #000080; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 42.933933276563px; left: 214.25346868128px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">20</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 42.933933276563px; left: 207.75346868128px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Stockerau" title="Combat of Stockerau"><img alt="Combat of Stockerau on 8 July 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 43.967402342671px; left: 210.27107219413px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000080; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 43.967402342671px; left: 206.77107219413px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #000080; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 43.967402342671px; left: 216.77107219413px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">19</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 43.967402342671px; left: 210.27107219413px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Korneuburg" title="Combat of Korneuburg"><img alt="Combat of Korneuburg on 7 July 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 45.68849965157px; left: 215.53515226644px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #800000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 45.68849965157px; left: 232.03515226644px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #800000; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> Wagram</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 45.68849965157px; left: 222.03515226644px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">18</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 45.68849965157px; left: 215.53515226644px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wagram" title="Battle of Wagram"><img alt="Battle of Wagram from 5 to 6 July 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 87.508127954274px; left: 189.67249799812px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000080; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 87.508127954274px; left: 186.17249799812px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #000080; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 87.508127954274px; left: 196.17249799812px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">17</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 87.508127954274px; left: 189.67249799812px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Graz" title="Battle of Graz"><img alt="Battle of Graz from 24 to 26 June 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 66.891563416654px; left: 240.25344130166px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000080; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 66.891563416654px; left: 236.75344130166px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #000080; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 66.891563416654px; left: 246.75344130166px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">16</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 66.891563416654px; left: 240.25344130166px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raab" title="Battle of Raab"><img alt="Battle of Raab on 14 June 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 78.412163789442px; left: 180.2887030866px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000080; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 78.412163789442px; left: 176.7887030866px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #000080; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 78.412163789442px; left: 186.7887030866px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">15</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 78.412163789442px; left: 180.2887030866px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sankt_Michael" title="Battle of Sankt Michael"><img alt="Battle of Sankt Michael on 25 May 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 48.782231910826px; left: 214.16191398671px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #800000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 58.782231910826px; left: 200.66191398671px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%) rotate(0deg); background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #800000; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> Aspern</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 48.782231910826px; left: 220.66191398671px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">14</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 48.782231910826px; left: 214.16191398671px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aspern-Essling" title="Battle of Aspern-Essling"><img alt="Battle of Aspern-Essling from 21 to 22 May 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 106.22806061864px; left: 147.33098437298px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 106.22806061864px; left: 143.83098437298px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #000000; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 106.22806061864px; left: 153.83098437298px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">12</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 73.677420917223px; left: 112.771154333px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000080; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 73.677420917223px; left: 109.271154333px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #000080; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 73.677420917223px; left: 119.271154333px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">11</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 73.677420917223px; left: 112.771154333px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_W%C3%B6rgl" title="Battle of Wörgl"><img alt="Battle of Wörgl on 13 May 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 128.70197395992px; left: 116.20425003234px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000080; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 128.70197395992px; left: 112.70425003234px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #000080; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 128.70197395992px; left: 122.70425003234px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">10</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 128.70197395992px; left: 116.20425003234px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Piave_River_(1809)" title="Battle of Piave River (1809)"><img alt="Battle of Piave River (1809) on 8 May 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 45.68849965157px; left: 163.58097068317px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000080; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 45.68849965157px; left: 160.08097068317px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #000080; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 45.68849965157px; left: 170.08097068317px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">9</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 45.68849965157px; left: 163.58097068317px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ebelsberg" title="Battle of Ebelsberg"><img alt="Battle of Ebelsberg on 3 May 1809 Battle of Linz-Urfahr on 17 May 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 142.11991387648px; left: 93.54581841672px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000080; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 142.11991387648px; left: 90.04581841672px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #000080; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 142.11991387648px; left: 100.04581841672px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">8</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 142.11991387648px; left: 93.54581841672px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caldiero_(1809)" title="Battle of Caldiero (1809)"><img alt="Battle of Caldiero (1809) from 27 to 30 April 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 43.278490608364px; left: 122.61269533776px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000080; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 43.278490608364px; left: 119.11269533776px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #000080; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 43.278490608364px; left: 129.11269533776px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">7</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 43.278490608364px; left: 122.61269533776px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neumarkt-Sankt_Veit" title="Battle of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit"><img alt="Battle of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit on 24 April 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 20.739825002814px; left: 113.00002737963px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #800000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 20.739825002814px; left: 109.50002737963px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #800000; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 20.739825002814px; left: 119.50002737963px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">6</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 20.739825002814px; left: 113.00002737963px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ratisbon" title="Battle of Ratisbon"><img alt="Battle of Ratisbon on 23 April 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 27.010514050174px; left: 115.28875784585px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #800000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 27.010514050174px; left: 111.78875784585px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #800000; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 27.010514050174px; left: 121.78875784585px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">5</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 27.010514050174px; left: 115.28875784585px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Eckm%C3%BChl" title="Battle of Eckmühl"><img alt="Battle of Eckmühl from 21 to 22 April 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 37.411784490258px; left: 114.60213870598px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #800000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 37.411784490258px; left: 111.10213870598px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #800000; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 37.411784490258px; left: 121.10213870598px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">4</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 37.411784490258px; left: 114.60213870598px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Landshut_(1809)" title="Battle of Landshut (1809)"><img alt="Battle of Landshut (1809) on 21 April 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 28.400937837225px; left: 107.73594730731px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000080; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 28.400937837225px; left: 104.23594730731px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #000080; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 28.400937837225px; left: 114.23594730731px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">3</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 28.400937837225px; left: 107.73594730731px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Abensberg" title="Battle of Abensberg"><img alt="Battle of Abensberg on 20 April 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div> <div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 24.922794801068px; left: 111.62678909989px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #800000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 24.922794801068px; left: 108.12678909989px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #800000; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 24.922794801068px; left: 118.12678909989px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">2</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 24.922794801068px; left: 111.62678909989px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Teugen-Hausen" title="Battle of Teugen-Hausen"><img alt="Battle of Teugen-Hausen on 19 April 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div> <div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 124.0976253071px; left: 122.61269533776px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #000080; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 124.0976253071px; left: 119.11269533776px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span style="color: #000080; font-size: 12px; font-weight:normal;"> </span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 124.0976253071px; left: 129.11269533776px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 10px; font-weight:bold;">1</span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 124.0976253071px; left: 122.61269533776px; width: 14px; height: 14px; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sacile" title="Battle of Sacile"><img alt="Battle of Sacile from 15 to 16 April 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/16px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/32px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute;top: 9px;left: 268px"><div style="color: white; opacity:100; font-size: 19px; font-weight:normal; text-align: left;"><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink no-icon" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Special:Map/6/47.5/13.5/en" data-zoom="6" data-lat="47.5" data-lon="13.5" data-overlays="["_910b34c8990bc06d75aac4d04f59d3c39e98e3ef"]"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Click for interactive fullscreen map with links to nearby articles"> </span></a></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:black; color:white;"> </span> current battle</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:maroon; color:white;"> </span> Napoleon in command</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:navy; color:white;"> </span> Napoleon not in command</div></div></div></div> <p>The <b>Battle of Tarvis</b> from 16 to 17 May 1809, the <b>Storming of the Malborghetto Blockhouse</b> from 15 to 17 May 1809, and the <b>Storming of the Predil Blockhouse</b> from 15 to 18 May saw the Franco-Italian army of <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_de_Beauharnais" title="Eugène de Beauharnais">Eugène de Beauharnais</a> attacking <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a> forces under <a href="/wiki/Albert_Gyulai" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Gyulai">Albert Gyulai</a>. Eugène crushed Gyulai's division in a pitched battle near <a href="/wiki/Tarvisio" title="Tarvisio">Tarvisio</a>, then an Austrian town known as Tarvis. At nearby <a href="/wiki/Malborghetto_Valbruna" title="Malborghetto Valbruna">Malborghetto Valbruna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Predil_Pass" title="Predil Pass">Predil Pass</a>, small garrisons of <a href="/wiki/Grenz_infantry" title="Grenz infantry">Grenz infantry</a> heroically defended two forts before being overwhelmed by sheer numbers. The Franco-Italian capture of the key mountain passes allowed their forces to invade Austrian <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carinthia" title="Duchy of Carinthia">Kärnten</a> during the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Fifth_Coalition" title="War of the Fifth Coalition">War of the Fifth Coalition</a>. Tarvisio is located in far northeast Italy, near the borders of both <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a>. </p><p>Eugène's main column marched up the Fella River valley, which runs east and west in the area of the fighting. On 15 May the column found itself blocked by the Malborghetto fort. Attacking in greatly superior force, Eugène's troops captured the fort on the morning of the 17th. Later that day, the Franco-Italians routed Gyulai's division from its positions near Tarvisio (Tarvis), inflicting heavy losses. A second Franco-Italian column, attempting to join Eugène from the south, was halted on the 15th by the Predil fort. On 18 May, Predil fell to assault and the defenders were killed to the last man. Monuments at both forts honor the Austrians who gave their lives in the fighting. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tarvis_(1809)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_battles">Early battles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tarvis_(1809)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early battles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Austrian war plan at the start of the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Fifth_Coalition" title="War of the Fifth Coalition">War of the Fifth Coalition</a> called for the Army of Inner Austria under <a href="/wiki/General_of_the_Cavalry_(Austria)" class="mw-redirect" title="General of the Cavalry (Austria)">General der Kavallerie</a> <a href="/wiki/Archduke_John_of_Austria" title="Archduke John of Austria">Archduke John of Austria</a> to invade and seize the province of <a href="/wiki/Veneto" title="Veneto">Venetia</a> in northeast Italy. For this formidable task, John's forces were not especially large.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199564–65_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199564–65-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Painting_of_Archduke_Johann_of_Austria_at_18_years_of_age.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Archduke John of Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Painting_of_Archduke_Johann_of_Austria_at_18_years_of_age.jpg/140px-Painting_of_Archduke_Johann_of_Austria_at_18_years_of_age.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Painting_of_Archduke_Johann_of_Austria_at_18_years_of_age.jpg/210px-Painting_of_Archduke_Johann_of_Austria_at_18_years_of_age.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Painting_of_Archduke_Johann_of_Austria_at_18_years_of_age.jpg/280px-Painting_of_Archduke_Johann_of_Austria_at_18_years_of_age.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2461" data-file-height="3294" /></a><figcaption>Archduke John</figcaption></figure> <p>The VIII Armeekorps numbered 24,500 infantry, 2,600 cavalry, and 62 guns. The IX Armeekorps counted 22,200 infantry, 2,000 cavalry, and 86 guns. <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigadier General">General-Major</a> Andreas von Stoichevich was poised to advance south into French-occupied <a href="/wiki/Dalmatia" title="Dalmatia">Dalmatia</a> with 10,000 more.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199564–65_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199564–65-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This source provides the number of guns only.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980108_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980108-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Assembling in <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carinthia" title="Duchy of Carinthia">Carinthia</a> were 23,500 second-line soldiers in 33 <a href="/wiki/Landwehr" title="Landwehr">Landwehr</a> battalions, with 6,600 more Landwehr troops in reserve.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980108–109_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980108–109-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To support the <a href="/wiki/Tyrolean_Rebellion_1809" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyrolean Rebellion 1809">Tyrolean Rebellion</a>, John reorganized his army and sent <a href="/wiki/Feldmarschallleutnant" class="mw-redirect" title="Feldmarschallleutnant">Feldmarschall-Leutnant</a> <a href="/wiki/Johann_Gabriel_Chasteler_de_Courcelles" title="Johann Gabriel Chasteler de Courcelles">Johann Gabriel Chasteler de Courcelles</a> west with 10,000 troops from VIII Armeekorps. The detachment left John with about 40,000 soldiers for his invasion of Italy out of 85,000 available.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199566_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199566-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The departure of Chasteler left Feldmarschall-Leutnant Albert Gyulai in command of VIII Armeekorps and his brother Feldmarschall-Leutnant <a href="/wiki/Ignaz_Gyulai" class="mw-redirect" title="Ignaz Gyulai">Ignaz Gyulai</a> in charge of IX Armeekorps.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199564–65_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199564–65-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eugène commanded 70,000 Franco-Italian troops in his <a href="/wiki/Army_of_Italy_(France)" title="Army of Italy (France)">Army of Italy</a>. Of his six French and three Italian infantry divisions, only two defended the <a href="/wiki/So%C4%8Da" title="Soča">Soča (Isonzo) River</a> near the eastern frontier, while the rest were scattered across the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Kingdom of Italy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199566–67_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199566–67-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 16 April 1809, an overconfident Eugène gave battle with only one cavalry and five infantry divisions, about 35,000 infantry and 2,000 cavalry.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199570_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199570-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sacile" title="Battle of Sacile">Battle of Sacile</a>, John's invading army mauled Eugène's army, inflicting 6,500 casualties for a loss of only 3,600.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199575_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199575-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The defeated Army of Italy fell back to <a href="/wiki/Verona" title="Verona">Verona</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Adige_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Adige River">Adige River</a> gathering reinforcements until it had accumulated 60,000 soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199576_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199576-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After John detached forces to besiege the <a href="/wiki/Osoppo" title="Osoppo">Osoppo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palmanova" title="Palmanova">Palmanova</a> fortresses,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199570_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199570-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to watch the large French garrison of <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a>, the Austrian army arrived before Verona with only 30,000 troops on 28 April.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199576_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199576-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After hearing of the main Austrian army's defeat at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Eckm%C3%BChl" title="Battle of Eckmühl">Battle of Eckmühl</a> on 22 April, Emperor <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis I of Austria">Francis I of Austria</a> ordered his brother Archduke John to retreat to Inner Austria.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199576–77_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199576–77-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After fencing with the Viceroy near <a href="/wiki/Soave,_Veneto" title="Soave, Veneto">Soave</a> and Monte Bastia at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caldiero_(1809)" title="Battle of Caldiero (1809)">Battle of Caldiero</a> at the end of April, the archduke withdrew on 2 May. The retreat was ably covered by Feldmarschall-Leutnant <a href="/wiki/Johann_Maria_Philipp_Frimont" title="Johann Maria Philipp Frimont">Johann Maria Philipp Frimont</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Rear_guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Rear guard">rear guard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein199486–87_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein199486–87-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 8 May, John defended a strong position behind the <a href="/wiki/Piave_(river)" title="Piave (river)">Piave River</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Piave_River_(1809)" title="Battle of Piave River (1809)">Battle of Piave River</a>, Eugène defeated his opponent, inflicting 5,000 casualties while suffering about 2,000 killed and wounded.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein199493_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein199493-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 11 May, the Franco-Italian advance guard turned both flanks of Frimont's 4,000-man rear guard at <a href="/wiki/San_Daniele_del_Friuli" title="San Daniele del Friuli">San Daniele del Friuli</a>. The Austrians were crushed with losses of about 2,000, while French casualties numbered between 200 and 800. After a clash at <a href="/wiki/Venzone" title="Venzone">Venzone</a>, Frimont retreated north up the Fella River valley, burning the bridges behind him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein199494_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein199494-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Preliminaries">Preliminaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tarvis_(1809)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Preliminaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EugeneBeau.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Viceroy Eugène de Beauharnais" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/EugeneBeau.jpg/140px-EugeneBeau.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/EugeneBeau.jpg/210px-EugeneBeau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/EugeneBeau.jpg/280px-EugeneBeau.jpg 2x" data-file-width="729" data-file-height="964" /></a><figcaption>Eugène de Beauharnais</figcaption></figure> <p>Archduke John took about 19,000 troops back to Tarvis. He sent Ignaz Gyulai and 5,000 soldiers to <a href="/wiki/Carniola" title="Carniola">Carniola</a> (Slovenia) which was only guarded by two brigades under Feldmarschall-Leutnant <a href="/wiki/Anton_von_Zach" title="Anton von Zach">Anton von Zach</a> and General-Major Johann Kalnássy. Epstein wrote Carinthia instead of the correct Carniola. In his capacity as <a href="/wiki/Ban_of_Croatia" title="Ban of Croatia">Ban of Croatia</a>, Ignaz Gyulai had the authority to muster the <a href="/wiki/Croat" class="mw-redirect" title="Croat">Croatian</a> <i>insurrectio</i> or <a href="/wiki/Militia" title="Militia">militia</a>. Seriously weakened by his abortive invasion of Italy, John recalled Chasteler from the Tyrol in the hope of massing enough troops to challenge Eugène.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199582–83_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199582–83-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994119_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994119-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eugène planned to pierce the barrier of the <a href="/wiki/Carnic_Alps" title="Carnic Alps">Carnic Alps</a> by advancing in multiple columns. To the west, he directed <a href="/wiki/General_of_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="General of Division">General of Division</a> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Dominique_Rusca" title="Jean-Baptiste Dominique Rusca">Jean-Baptiste Dominique Rusca</a> and his division to march up the valley of the Piave, then turn east. He ordered General of Division <a href="/wiki/Jacques_MacDonald" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacques MacDonald">Jacques MacDonald</a> with one cavalry and two infantry divisions, 14,000 troops, to march due east and seize the Austrian base at <a href="/wiki/Ljubljana" title="Ljubljana">Ljubljana (Laibach)</a> in Carniola. From there, MacDonald might link up with General of Division <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Marmont" class="mw-redirect" title="Auguste Marmont">Auguste Marmont</a> advancing north from Dalmatia, or he could capture <a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a> or <a href="/wiki/Maribor" title="Maribor">Maribor (Marburg an der Drau)</a>. Eugène sent one division under General of Division <a href="/wiki/Jean_Mathieu_Seras" title="Jean Mathieu Seras">Jean Mathieu Seras</a> moving north up the Soča (Isonzo) toward Tarvis via the Predil Pass. He took the bulk of his army north from Osoppo along the Fella valley, aiming for the Austrian bases at Tarvis and <a href="/wiki/Villach" title="Villach">Villach</a>. This 25,000-strong force included the corps of Generals of Division <a href="/wiki/Paul_Grenier" title="Paul Grenier">Paul Grenier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Louis_Baraguey_d%27Hilliers" title="Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers">Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers</a>, the Italian Royal Guard, and two cavalry divisions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994122_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994122-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As his brigade retreated up the upper Piave valley, General-Major Josef Schmidt thoroughly obstructed the road in front of Rusca. Unable to move his wagons and artillery in that direction, Rusca backtracked and followed in Eugène's path. The main column also faced a route littered with broken bridges. Eugène finally sent his artillery, cavalry, and trains back and directed them to follow in Seras' track. He continued to advance to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontebba_(Pontafel)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pontebba (Pontafel) (page does not exist)">Pontebba (Pontafel)</a> with his infantry and some light guns.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994122–123_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994122–123-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personalities">Personalities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tarvis_(1809)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Personalities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="2" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:General_Paul_Grenier.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Paul Grenier" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/General_Paul_Grenier.JPG/120px-General_Paul_Grenier.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/General_Paul_Grenier.JPG/180px-General_Paul_Grenier.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/General_Paul_Grenier.JPG/240px-General_Paul_Grenier.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1168" data-file-height="1328" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_Durutte(1767-1827).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Pierre François Durutte" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_Durutte%281767-1827%29.jpg/120px-G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_Durutte%281767-1827%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_Durutte%281767-1827%29.jpg/180px-G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_Durutte%281767-1827%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_Durutte%281767-1827%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="214" data-file-height="316" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Marie_Dessaix.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Joseph Marie Dessaix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Joseph_Marie_Dessaix.jpg/120px-Joseph_Marie_Dessaix.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Joseph_Marie_Dessaix.jpg/180px-Joseph_Marie_Dessaix.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Joseph_Marie_Dessaix.jpg/240px-Joseph_Marie_Dessaix.jpg 2x" data-file-width="272" data-file-height="326" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_Louis_Baraguey_d%27Hilliers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_Louis_Baraguey_d%27Hilliers.jpg/120px-G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_Louis_Baraguey_d%27Hilliers.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_Louis_Baraguey_d%27Hilliers.jpg/180px-G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_Louis_Baraguey_d%27Hilliers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_Louis_Baraguey_d%27Hilliers.jpg/240px-G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_Louis_Baraguey_d%27Hilliers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1060" data-file-height="1141" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PORTRAIT_OF_ACHILLE_FONTANELLI.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Achille Fontanelli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/PORTRAIT_OF_ACHILLE_FONTANELLI.PNG/120px-PORTRAIT_OF_ACHILLE_FONTANELLI.PNG" decoding="async" width="120" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/PORTRAIT_OF_ACHILLE_FONTANELLI.PNG/180px-PORTRAIT_OF_ACHILLE_FONTANELLI.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/PORTRAIT_OF_ACHILLE_FONTANELLI.PNG/240px-PORTRAIT_OF_ACHILLE_FONTANELLI.PNG 2x" data-file-width="708" data-file-height="934" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Johann_Hermann_von_Hermannsdorf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Johann Hermann von Hermannsdorf" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Johann_Hermann_von_Hermannsdorf.jpg/120px-Johann_Hermann_von_Hermannsdorf.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Johann_Hermann_von_Hermannsdorf.jpg/180px-Johann_Hermann_von_Hermannsdorf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Johann_Hermann_von_Hermannsdorf.jpg/240px-Johann_Hermann_von_Hermannsdorf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1586" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Captain_Friedrich_Hensel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Friedrich Hensel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Captain_Friedrich_Hensel.jpg/120px-Captain_Friedrich_Hensel.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Captain_Friedrich_Hensel.jpg/180px-Captain_Friedrich_Hensel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Captain_Friedrich_Hensel.jpg/240px-Captain_Friedrich_Hensel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="637" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Paul Grenier</td> <td>Pierre Durutte</td> <td>Joseph Dessaix</td> <td>Louis d'Hilliers</td> <td>Achille Fontanelli</td> <td>Johann Hermann</td> <td>Friedrich Hensel </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Battle">Battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tarvis_(1809)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>See <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Piave_River_(1809)" title="Battle of Piave River (1809)">Battle of Piave River (1809)</a> for the Franco-Italian order of battle.</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Action">Action</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tarvis_(1809)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Action"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Battle_of_Tarvis_1809_Map.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Battle of Tarvis and the storming of the Malborghetto and Predil Forts, 15–18 May 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Battle_of_Tarvis_1809_Map.JPG/400px-Battle_of_Tarvis_1809_Map.JPG" decoding="async" width="400" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Battle_of_Tarvis_1809_Map.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="390" /></a><figcaption>Battle of Tarvis and the storming of the Malborghetto and Predil Forts, 15–18 May 1809</figcaption></figure> <p>When ascending the Fella, the river valley veers east at Pontebba and continues 10 kilometers east to Malborghetto. From the latter town, Tarvisio is 10 kilometers farther to the east. To reach Tarvisio from the Soča (Isonzo) valley, a road leaves <a href="/wiki/Bovec" title="Bovec">Bovec</a> and continues about 10 kilometers north-northeast before turning west to cross the Predil Pass (1,156 meters). At the foot of the pass is <a href="/wiki/Lago_del_Predil" class="mw-redirect" title="Lago del Predil">Lago del Predil</a> (Lake Predil). From there, the road continues north again for about 10 kilometers before arriving at Tarvisio. The Predil blockhouse dominates the road about 800 meters east of the pass. The Malborghetto blockhouse lies about 900 meters east of Malborghetto village. <sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fort is on a mountain spur that looms over the Fella valley.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998304–305_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998304–305-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In mid-May Archduke John reorganized his army into several groups. Stoichevich with 8,100 mostly Grenz infantry and 14 guns was still distant in Dalmatia. Feldmarschall-Leutnant <a href="/wiki/Franz_Jellacic" class="mw-redirect" title="Franz Jellacic">Franz Jellacic</a> with 10,200 troops and 16 guns of the Northern Division was transferred from the <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a> army to John's control.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980115–117_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980115–117-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jellacic lay well to the north at <a href="/wiki/Radstadt" title="Radstadt">Radstadt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPetre1976301_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPetre1976301-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ignaz Gyulai and Zach assembled the IX Armeekorps at <a href="/wiki/Kranj" title="Kranj">Kranj (Krain)</a> with 14,880 men organized into four brigades. John held Villach with his Mobile Corps, 13,060 soldiers and 22 guns under Frimont.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980115–117_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980115–117-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Albert Gyulai was at Tarvis with his 8,340-strong division organized into three brigades. General-Major Anton Gajoli led 2,800 men of the <i>Franz Jellacic</i> Infantry Regiment Nr. 62, <i>Reisky</i> Infantry Regiment Nr. 13, and a brigade battery of eight 3-pound cannons. General-Major Franz Marziani commanded 2,800 soldiers in the <i>Oguliner</i> Grenz Infantry Regiment Nr. 3, <i>Szluiner</i> Grenz Infantry Regiment Nr. 4, four squadrons of the <i>Ott</i> Hussar Regiment Nr. 5, and a Grenz brigade battery of eight 3-pound guns. General-Major Peter Lutz had 2,500 men in the <i>Marburg</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Celje" title="Celje">Cilly</a></i>, <i>Laibach</i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Adelsberg_(Gem%C3%BCnden_am_Main)" title="Adelsberg (Gemünden am Main)">Adelsberg</a></i> Landwehr. The artillery reserve included one position battery of six 12-pound guns.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980115–117_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980115–117-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tarvisio_Rutte_grande_Boscoverde_Denkmal_Napoleonkriege_24062007_11.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Monument to Austrian soldiers of the Napoleonic Wars in Tarvisio." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Tarvisio_Rutte_grande_Boscoverde_Denkmal_Napoleonkriege_24062007_11.jpg/180px-Tarvisio_Rutte_grande_Boscoverde_Denkmal_Napoleonkriege_24062007_11.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Tarvisio_Rutte_grande_Boscoverde_Denkmal_Napoleonkriege_24062007_11.jpg/270px-Tarvisio_Rutte_grande_Boscoverde_Denkmal_Napoleonkriege_24062007_11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Tarvisio_Rutte_grande_Boscoverde_Denkmal_Napoleonkriege_24062007_11.jpg/360px-Tarvisio_Rutte_grande_Boscoverde_Denkmal_Napoleonkriege_24062007_11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3872" /></a><figcaption>Monument to Austrian soldiers of the Napoleonic Wars in Tarvisio.</figcaption></figure> <p>Two other historians assigned weaker forces to Albert Gyulai's division. According to Historian Robert M. Epstein, he deployed about 6,000 troops in the vicinity of Tarvis, with 650 Grenz and 10 guns holding the Malborghetto blockhouse, and 250 Grenz and eight guns defending the Predil Blockhouse.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994123_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994123-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Author <a href="/wiki/Digby_Smith" title="Digby Smith">Digby Smith</a> listed 3,500 Austrians and 6 guns at Tarvis,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998304_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998304-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 450 men and 11 guns at Malborghetto,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998305_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998305-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 250 men and eight guns at Predil.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998306_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998306-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Grenier's corps contained the two divisions of Generals of Division <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Fran%C3%A7ois_Joseph_Durutte" title="Pierre François Joseph Durutte">Pierre François Joseph Durutte</a> and Michel Marie Pacthod. Baraguey d'Hilliers' corps included the two divisions of General of Division <a href="/wiki/Achille_Fontanelli" title="Achille Fontanelli">Achille Fontanelli</a> and General of Brigade <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Marie,_Count_Dessaix" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Marie, Count Dessaix">Joseph Marie, Count Dessaix</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994123_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994123-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dessaix's advance guard division comprised three battalions formed from the <i>voltiguer</i> companies of the infantry, plus a few battalions borrowed from the other divisions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994124_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994124-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These troops arrived before the Malborghetto fort on 15 May. Eugène ordered Grenier to reduce the fort while Baraguey d'Hilliers kept Gyulai from interfering with the operation from Tarvis. Accordingly, Dessaix and Fontanelli led their troops across mountain trails to reach the Fella valley on the east side of the Malborghetto fort. Grenier sent Pacthod's troops scrambling after the other two divisions to reach an assault position from the east. On the 16th, Baraguey d'Hilliers skirmished with Gyulai, who evacuated Tarvis and took a defensive position east of the town.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994123_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994123-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At 9:30 AM on 17 May, Pacthod and Durutte's divisions rushed the Malborghetto fort from two directions, 15,000 strong. Thirty minutes later the position fell. Epstein wrote that 300 Austrians were killed and 350 captured, and accepted the Franco-Italian report of 80 casualties. A considerable supply of food was captured as well as 13 cannons. Epstein reported that the garrison had 10 guns, but that 13 guns were captured. He does not explain this.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994123_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994123-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Engineer Captain Friedrich Hensel died leading his garrison of two companies of the <i>Oguliner</i> Grenz Infantry Regiment Nr. 3 and 24 artillerymen. Smith reported the 400 Austrian total losses as five officers and 345 men dead, six officers, 44 men, and 11 guns captured. He found Grenier's claim of only 80 casualties as "totally unbelievable" considering the bitter fighting.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998305_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998305-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Austrian official record stated that the fortifications were too extensive for the garrison. It also gave the garrison's losses as 75 killed and 305 captured including 120 wounded. The account admitted that an Austrian claim of 1,300 casualties inflicted on the attackers was improbable.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoen1908388_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoen1908388-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tarvisio1915.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="1915 Postcard of Tarvis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Tarvisio1915.jpg/250px-Tarvisio1915.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Tarvisio1915.jpg/375px-Tarvisio1915.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Tarvisio1915.jpg 2x" data-file-width="399" data-file-height="254" /></a><figcaption>1915 Postcard of Tarvis</figcaption></figure> <p>Grenier's victorious soldiers were rapidly marched east to Tarvis to assist in the attack against Gyulai. The Austrian commander took up a position behind the Slizza (Gailitz) stream with 11 battalions and four squadrons. In line were Gajoli's brigade, Marziani's brigade, three battalions of the <i>Strassoldo</i> Infantry Regiment Nr. 27, and two battalions of the <i>Marburg</i> Landwehr. Smith does not mention Gajoli or Marziani but does list the same units in their brigades as the Bowden & Tarbox order of battle. However, he incorrectly lists <i>Johann Jellacic</i> IR Nr. 53 which was with Schmidt on the upper Piave instead of the <i>Franz Jellacic</i> IR Nr. 62.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998304_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998304-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A line of prepared defenses lined the stream bank, but only 10 of the planned 24 cannons were installed in the redoubts. At mid-day Eugène waved his troops forward. While Grenier's corps skirmished with Gyulai's center, Fontanelli's Italian division hit the Austrian left flank. The Italians seized a key redoubt and began rolling up Gyulai's defenses from the south. As the Austrian line began to crumble, Grenier's troops attacked in front. Gyulai's troops fled the field in rout, losing 3,000 killed, wounded, and prisoners, and most of their guns. Lacking cavalry, the Franco-Italians were not able to pursue.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994123_22-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994123-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Austrians admitted losing 217 killed, 271 wounded, and 1,301 captured, for a total of 1,789 men and six guns lost out of 3,500 engaged. Eugène admitted 80 killed and 300 wounded out of 10,000 engaged, though the latter figure does not count Grenier's troops which are listed as reserves.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998304_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998304-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meanwhile, the column under Seras encountered opposition on the 15th when it reached the Predil Pass blockhouse. While Eugène crushed Gyulai's command on 17 May, Seras bombarded the Predil fort without effect.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994124_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994124-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Engineer Captain Johann Hermann von Hermannsdorf commanded the garrison of two companies of the 1st battalion of the <i>Szluiner</i> Grenz Infantry Regiment Nr. 3.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998306_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998306-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In order to bring his artillery, cavalry, and wagon trains to Tarvis, Eugène needed to use Predil Pass. He sent three battalions south to attack Hermann's bastion from the pass while Seras drove in from the other side. The French assault began on 18 May and met with tremendous resistance.. Epstein gives only 150 French casualties. Smith's numbers seem more credible.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994124_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994124-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hermann and every single one of the 250 Croat defenders were killed in their <a href="/wiki/Last_stand" title="Last stand">last stand</a>. Out of 8,500 infantry and 12 guns, Franco-Italian losses were about 450 killed and wounded.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998306_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998306-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sites">Sites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tarvis_(1809)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="2" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hauptmann_Hermann_Kriegsdenkmal_Predil_30092005_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Monument to Johann Hermann and the fallen at Predil Pass" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Hauptmann_Hermann_Kriegsdenkmal_Predil_30092005_02.jpg/220px-Hauptmann_Hermann_Kriegsdenkmal_Predil_30092005_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Hauptmann_Hermann_Kriegsdenkmal_Predil_30092005_02.jpg/330px-Hauptmann_Hermann_Kriegsdenkmal_Predil_30092005_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Hauptmann_Hermann_Kriegsdenkmal_Predil_30092005_02.jpg/440px-Hauptmann_Hermann_Kriegsdenkmal_Predil_30092005_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Predil-pas-2005b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Blockhouse at Predil looking east from the pass" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Predil-pas-2005b.jpg/220px-Predil-pas-2005b.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Predil-pas-2005b.jpg/330px-Predil-pas-2005b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Predil-pas-2005b.jpg/440px-Predil-pas-2005b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="696" data-file-height="405" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Malborghetto_Gefallenendenkmal_02122006_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Monument to Friedrich Hensel and the fallen at Malborghetto" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Malborghetto_Gefallenendenkmal_02122006_03.jpg/220px-Malborghetto_Gefallenendenkmal_02122006_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Malborghetto_Gefallenendenkmal_02122006_03.jpg/330px-Malborghetto_Gefallenendenkmal_02122006_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Malborghetto_Gefallenendenkmal_02122006_03.jpg/440px-Malborghetto_Gefallenendenkmal_02122006_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fort_Hensel_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Malborghetto Fort" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Fort_Hensel_01.jpg/220px-Fort_Hensel_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Fort_Hensel_01.jpg/330px-Fort_Hensel_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Fort_Hensel_01.jpg/440px-Fort_Hensel_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2248" data-file-height="1416" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Predil Monument</td> <td>Predil Fort from the pass</td> <td>Malborghetto Monument</td> <td>Malborghetto Fort </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Result">Result</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tarvis_(1809)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Result"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Austrian strategy of invading Italy was a blunder. The losses incurred in the invasion and retreat seriously weakened Archduke John's army. Instead of having ample forces to defend the mountain barrier east of the Italian plains, John was left with an insufficient number of soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994119_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994119-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The capture of Tarvis and its outlying forts gave Eugène an open road to Villach, which he occupied on 20 May. His troops seized <a href="/wiki/Klagenfurt" class="mw-redirect" title="Klagenfurt">Klagenfurt</a> the following day. In both cities, the Franco-Italians found supplies that would be of future use. Eugène was forced to pause for a few days in order to let his artillery, cavalry, and wagon trains catch up with his infantry. John withdrew to <a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a>, where he arrived on 24 May, followed by Gyulai's bedraggled division.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994124_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994124-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eugène's patrols soon detected Jellacic's division marching across his front and sent Grenier's corps to intercept. The next action was the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sankt_Michael" title="Battle of Sankt Michael">Battle of Sankt Michael</a> on 25 May.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199586_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199586-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Monuments to Engineer officers Hensel and Hermann and the fallen Austrian soldiers are located at both the Malborghetto and Predil forts. The one at Predil was constructed in 1849. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tarvis_(1809)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">These observations can be confirmed on Google Earth.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tarvis_(1809)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBodart1908403-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908403_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBodart1908">Bodart 1908</a>, p. 403.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199564–65-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199564–65_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199564–65_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199564–65_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchneid1995">Schneid 1995</a>, pp. 64–65.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980108-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980108_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBowdenTarbox1980">Bowden & Tarbox 1980</a>, p. 108.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980108–109-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980108–109_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBowdenTarbox1980">Bowden & Tarbox 1980</a>, pp. 108–109.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199566-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199566_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchneid1995">Schneid 1995</a>, p. 66.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199566–67-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199566–67_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchneid1995">Schneid 1995</a>, pp. 66–67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199570-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199570_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199570_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchneid1995">Schneid 1995</a>, p. 70.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199575-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199575_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchneid1995">Schneid 1995</a>, p. 75.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199576-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199576_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199576_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchneid1995">Schneid 1995</a>, p. 76.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199576–77-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199576–77_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchneid1995">Schneid 1995</a>, pp. 76–77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein199486–87-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein199486–87_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEpstein1994">Epstein 1994</a>, pp. 86–87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein199493-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein199493_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEpstein1994">Epstein 1994</a>, p. 93.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein199494-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein199494_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEpstein1994">Epstein 1994</a>, p. 94.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199582–83-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199582–83_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchneid1995">Schneid 1995</a>, pp. 82–83.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994119-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994119_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994119_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEpstein1994">Epstein 1994</a>, p. 119.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994122-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994122_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEpstein1994">Epstein 1994</a>, p. 122.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994122–123-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994122–123_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEpstein1994">Epstein 1994</a>, pp. 122–123.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998304–305-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998304–305_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1998">Smith 1998</a>, pp. 304–305.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980115–117-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980115–117_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980115–117_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBowdenTarbox1980115–117_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBowdenTarbox1980">Bowden & Tarbox 1980</a>, pp. 115–117.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPetre1976301-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPetre1976301_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPetre1976">Petre 1976</a>, p. 301.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994123-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994123_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994123_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994123_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994123_22-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994123_22-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEpstein1994">Epstein 1994</a>, p. 123.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998304-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998304_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998304_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998304_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1998">Smith 1998</a>, p. 304.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998305-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998305_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998305_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1998">Smith 1998</a>, p. 305.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998306-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998306_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998306_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998306_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1998">Smith 1998</a>, p. 306.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994124-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994124_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994124_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994124_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEpstein1994124_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEpstein1994">Epstein 1994</a>, p. 124.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoen1908388-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoen1908388_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHoen1908">Hoen 1908</a>, p. 388.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneid199586-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneid199586_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchneid1995">Schneid 1995</a>, p. 86.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tarvis_(1809)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBodart1908" class="citation book cs1">Bodart, Gaston (1908). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_A0kNAAAAYAAJ"><i>Militär-historisches Kriegs-Lexikon (1618-1905)</i></a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Milit%C3%A4r-historisches+Kriegs-Lexikon+%281618-1905%29&rft.date=1908&rft.aulast=Bodart&rft.aufirst=Gaston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_A0kNAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Tarvis+%281809%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBowdenTarbox1980" class="citation book cs1">Bowden, Scotty; Tarbox, Charlie (1980). <i>Armies on the Danube 1809</i>. Arlington, Texas: Empire Games Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-913037-08-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-913037-08-7"><bdi>0-913037-08-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Armies+on+the+Danube+1809&rft.place=Arlington%2C+Texas&rft.pub=Empire+Games+Press&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=0-913037-08-7&rft.aulast=Bowden&rft.aufirst=Scotty&rft.au=Tarbox%2C+Charlie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Tarvis+%281809%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEpstein1994" class="citation book cs1">Epstein, Robert M. (1994). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/napoleonslastvic0000epst"><i>Napoleon's Last Victory and the Emergence of Modern War</i></a></span>. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7006-0664-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7006-0664-5"><bdi>0-7006-0664-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Napoleon%27s+Last+Victory+and+the+Emergence+of+Modern+War&rft.place=Lawrence%2C+Kansas&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kansas&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-7006-0664-5&rft.aulast=Epstein&rft.aufirst=Robert+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnapoleonslastvic0000epst&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Tarvis+%281809%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoen1908" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hoen, Maximilian Ritter von & Veltz, Alois (1908). <i>Krieg 1809. Nach den Feldakten und anderen authentischen Quellen</i> (in German). Wien: k. und k. Kriegsarchiv. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85367-276-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-85367-276-9"><bdi>1-85367-276-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Krieg+1809.+Nach+den+Feldakten+und+anderen+authentischen+Quellen&rft.place=Wien&rft.pub=k.+und+k.+Kriegsarchiv&rft.date=1908&rft.isbn=1-85367-276-9&rft.aulast=Hoen&rft.aufirst=Maximilian+Ritter+von+%26+Veltz%2C+Alois&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Tarvis+%281809%29" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetre1976" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Loraine_Petre" title="Francis Loraine Petre">Petre, F. Loraine</a> (1976). <i>Napoleon and the Archduke Charles</i>. New York, N.Y.: Hippocrene Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Napoleon+and+the+Archduke+Charles&rft.place=New+York%2C+N.Y.&rft.pub=Hippocrene+Books&rft.date=1976&rft.aulast=Petre&rft.aufirst=F.+Loraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Tarvis+%281809%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneid1995" class="citation book cs1">Schneid, Frederick C. (1995). <i>Napoleon's Italian Campaigns: 1805-1815</i>. Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-275-96875-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-275-96875-8"><bdi>0-275-96875-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Napoleon%27s+Italian+Campaigns%3A+1805-1815&rft.place=Westport%2C+Conn.&rft.pub=Praeger+Publishers&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-275-96875-8&rft.aulast=Schneid&rft.aufirst=Frederick+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Tarvis+%281809%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Digby_Smith" title="Digby Smith">Smith, Digby</a> (1998). <i>The Napoleonic Wars Data Book</i>. London: Greenhill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85367-276-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-85367-276-9"><bdi>1-85367-276-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Napoleonic+Wars+Data+Book&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Greenhill&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1-85367-276-9&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Digby&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Tarvis+%281809%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tarvis_(1809)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171006211637/http://www.panoramio.com/photo/1166725">panoramio.com Malborghetto Fort, retrieved 8 Dec 2010</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171006212052/http://www.panoramio.com/photo/38601245">panoramio.com Predil Fort, retrieved 8 Dec 2010</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171007021405/http://www.panoramio.com/photo/43894604">panoramio.com Predil Fort, retrieved 12 Dec 2010</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171007020915/http://www.panoramio.com/photo/40283214">panoramio.com Predil Fort, retrieved 12 Dec 2010</a></li></ul> <p><b>These are excellent sources for the full names and ranks of Austrian and French generals.</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.napoleon-series.org/research/c_frenchgenerals.html">Broughton, Tony. napoleon-series.org <i>Generals Who Served in the French Army in the Period 1789–1815</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.napoleon-series.org/research/biographies/Austria/AustrianGenerals/c_AustrianGeneralsIntro.html">Smith, Digby & Kudrna, Leopold (compiler). <i>Austrian Generals during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars 1792–1815</i></a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Battle_of_Tarvis_(1809)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Battle of Tarvis (1809)">Battle of Tarvis (1809)</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:95%; clear: both;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;">Preceded by<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_W%C3%B6rgl" title="Battle of Wörgl">Battle of Wörgl</a></b> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><b>Napoleonic Wars</b><br />Battle of Tarvis (1809) </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;">Succeeded by<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aspern-Essling" title="Battle of Aspern-Essling">Battle of Aspern-Essling</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Napoleonic_Wars" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Napoleonic_Wars" title="Template:Napoleonic Wars"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Napoleonic_Wars" title="Template talk:Napoleonic Wars"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Napoleonic_Wars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Napoleonic Wars"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Napoleonic_Wars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Third_Coalition" title="War of the Third Coalition">Third Coalition</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Fourth_Coalition" title="War of the Fourth Coalition">Fourth Coalition</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Peninsular_War" title="Peninsular War">Peninsular War</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Fifth_Coalition" title="War of the Fifth Coalition">Fifth Coalition</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/French_invasion_of_Russia" title="French invasion of Russia">French Invasion of Russia</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Sixth_Coalition" title="War of the Sixth Coalition">Sixth Coalition</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Days" title="Hundred Days">Seventh Coalition</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Belli-<br />gerents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">France,<br /><a href="/wiki/Sister_republic" title="Sister republic">client states</a><br />and allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Legions_(Napoleonic_period)" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Legions (Napoleonic period)">Polish Legions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Holland" title="Kingdom of Holland">Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Etruria" title="Kingdom of Etruria">Etruria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland_in_the_Napoleonic_era#Act_of_Mediation" title="Switzerland in the Napoleonic era">Swiss Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples#Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Naples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_the_Rhine" title="Confederation of the Rhine">Confederation of the Rhine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bavaria" title="Kingdom of Bavaria">Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saxony#The_Napoleonic_Era_and_the_German_Confederation" title="Kingdom of Saxony">Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Westphalia" title="Kingdom of Westphalia">Westphalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Kingdom of Württemberg">Württemberg</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Norway" title="Denmark–Norway">Denmark–Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qajar_dynasty" title="Qajar dynasty">Persia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain_under_Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Spain under Joseph Bonaparte">Spain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Coalition_forces_of_the_Napoleonic_Wars" title="Coalition forces of the Napoleonic Wars">Coalition<br />forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire" title="Portuguese Empire">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Sicily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qajar_dynasty" title="Qajar dynasty">Persia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1720%E2%80%931861)" title="Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)">Sardinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden#Swedish_Empire" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="United Kingdom of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Brunswick" title="Duchy of Brunswick">Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_Hanover" title="Electorate of Hanover">Hanover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Nassau#Duchy_of_Nassau" title="Duchy of Nassau">Nassau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">French Royalists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Major<br />battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">Prelude</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_First_Coalition" title="War of the First Coalition">First Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Second_Coalition" title="War of the Second Coalition">Second Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup_of_18_Brumaire" title="Coup of 18 Brumaire">18 Brumaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon%27s_planned_invasion_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Napoleon's planned invasion of the United Kingdom">Planned invasion of the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine,_Duke_of_Enghien" title="Louis Antoine, Duke of Enghien">Duc d'Enghien Execution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Napoleon" title="Coronation of Napoleon">Coronation of Napoleon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1805</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Diamond_Rock" title="Battle of Diamond Rock">Diamond Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Finisterre_(1805)" title="Battle of Cape Finisterre (1805)">Cape Finisterre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wertingen" title="Battle of Wertingen">Wertingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_G%C3%BCnzburg" title="Battle of Günzburg">Günzburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Haslach-Jungingen" title="Battle of Haslach-Jungingen">Haslach-Jungingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Elchingen" title="Battle of Elchingen">Elchingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ulm" title="Battle of Ulm">Ulm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Verona_(1805)" title="Battle of Verona (1805)">Verona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trafalgar" title="Battle of Trafalgar">Trafalgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caldiero_(1805)" title="Battle of Caldiero (1805)">Caldiero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Ortegal" title="Battle of Cape Ortegal">Cape Ortegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Amstetten" title="Battle of Amstetten">Amstetten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_D%C3%BCrenstein" title="Battle of Dürenstein">Dürenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sch%C3%B6ngrabern" title="Battle of Schöngrabern">Schöngrabern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Austerlitz" title="Battle of Austerlitz">Austerlitz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1806</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Gaeta_(1806)" title="Siege of Gaeta (1806)">Gaeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Campo_Tenese" title="Battle of Campo Tenese">Campo Tenese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maida" title="Battle of Maida">Maida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Schleiz" title="Battle of Schleiz">Schleiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saalfeld" title="Battle of Saalfeld">Saalfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jena%E2%80%93Auerstedt" title="Battle of Jena–Auerstedt">Jena–Auerstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitulation_of_Erfurt" title="Capitulation of Erfurt">Erfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Halle" title="Battle of Halle">Halle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Magdeburg_(1806)" title="Siege of Magdeburg (1806)">Magdeburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Prenzlau" title="Battle of Prenzlau">Prenzlau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitulation_of_Pasewalk" title="Capitulation of Pasewalk">Pasewalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitulation_of_Stettin" title="Capitulation of Stettin">Stettin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Waren-Nossentin" title="Battle of Waren-Nossentin">Waren-Nossentin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_L%C3%BCbeck" title="Battle of Lübeck">Lübeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Poland_uprising_(1806)" title="Greater Poland uprising (1806)">Greater Poland uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Hamelin" title="Siege of Hamelin">Hamelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Czarnowo" title="Battle of Czarnowo">Czarnowo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Golymin" title="Battle of Golymin">Golymin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pu%C5%82tusk_(1806)" title="Battle of Pułtusk (1806)">Pułtusk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1807</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mohrungen" title="Battle of Mohrungen">Mohrungen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Eylau" title="Battle of Eylau">Eylau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ostro%C5%82%C4%99ka_(1807)" title="Battle of Ostrołęka (1807)">Ostrołęka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kolberg_(1807)" title="Siege of Kolberg (1807)">Kolberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Danzig_(1807)" title="Siege of Danzig (1807)">Danzig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Sortie_of_Stralsund" title="Great Sortie of Stralsund">Stralsund I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mileto" title="Battle of Mileto">Mileto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guttstadt-Deppen" title="Battle of Guttstadt-Deppen">Guttstadt-Deppen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Heilsberg" title="Battle of Heilsberg">Heilsberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Friedland" title="Battle of Friedland">Friedland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Stralsund_(1807)" title="Siege of Stralsund (1807)">Stralsund II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Copenhagen_(1807)" title="Battle of Copenhagen (1807)">Copenhagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Portugal_(1807)" title="Invasion of Portugal (1807)">Invasion of Portugal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1808</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dos_de_Mayo_Uprising" title="Dos de Mayo Uprising">Dos de Mayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_El_Bruch" title="Battles of El Bruch">Bruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_Rosily_Squadron" title="Capture of the Rosily Squadron">Rosily Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cabez%C3%B3n" title="Battle of Cabezón">Cabezón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Zaragoza_(1808)" title="Siege of Zaragoza (1808)">1st Zaragoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valencia_(1808)" title="Battle of Valencia (1808)">Valencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Medina_de_Rioseco" title="Battle of Medina de Rioseco">Medina de Rioseco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bail%C3%A9n" title="Battle of Bailén">Bailén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Roli%C3%A7a" title="Battle of Roliça">Roliça</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vimeiro" title="Battle of Vimeiro">Vimeiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zornoza" title="Battle of Zornoza">Zornoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valmaseda" title="Battle of Valmaseda">Valmaseda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Burgos" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Burgos">Burgos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Espinosa_de_los_Monteros" title="Battle of Espinosa de los Monteros">Espinosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tudela" title="Battle of Tudela">Tudela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Somosierra" title="Battle of Somosierra">Somosierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Zaragoza_(1809)" title="Siege of Zaragoza (1809)">2nd Zaragoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sahag%C3%BAn" title="Battle of Sahagún">Sahagún</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Benavente" title="Battle of Benavente">Benavente</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1809</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Castell%C3%B3n" title="Battle of Castellón">Castellón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ucl%C3%A9s_(1809)" title="Battle of Uclés (1809)">Uclés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Corunna" title="Battle of Corunna">Corunna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valls" title="Battle of Valls">Valls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrolean_Rebellion" title="Tyrolean Rebellion">Tyrolean Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Villafranca_(1809)" title="Battle of Villafranca (1809)">Villafranca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Los_Y%C3%A9benes" title="Battle of Los Yébenes">Yevenes/Yébenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ciudad_Real" title="Battle of Ciudad Real">Ciudad Real</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Porto" title="First Battle of Porto">1st Porto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Medell%C3%ADn" title="Battle of Medellín">Medellín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Bergisel" title="Battles of Bergisel">Bergisel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sacile" title="Battle of Sacile">Sacile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Teugen-Hausen" title="Battle of Teugen-Hausen">Teugen-Hausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raszyn_(1809)" title="Battle of Raszyn (1809)">Raszyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Abensberg" title="Battle of Abensberg">Abensberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Landshut_(1809)" title="Battle of Landshut (1809)">Landshut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Eckm%C3%BChl" title="Battle of Eckmühl">Eckmühl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ratisbon" title="Battle of Ratisbon">Ratisbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neumarkt-Sankt_Veit" title="Battle of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit">Neumarkt-Sankt Veit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_Campaign_(1809)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalmatian Campaign (1809)">Dalmatian Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ebelsberg" title="Battle of Ebelsberg">Ebelsberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_siege_of_Girona" title="Third siege of Girona">Girona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Piave_River_(1809)" title="Battle of Piave River (1809)">Piave River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grij%C3%B3" title="Battle of Grijó">Grijó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Porto" title="Second Battle of Porto">2nd Porto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_W%C3%B6rgl" title="Battle of Wörgl">Wörgl</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tarvis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aspern-Essling" title="Battle of Aspern-Essling">Aspern-Essling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Alca%C3%B1iz" title="Battle of Alcañiz">Alcañiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sankt_Michael" title="Battle of Sankt Michael">Sankt Michael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stralsund_(1809)" title="Battle of Stralsund (1809)">Stralsund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raab_(1809)" title="Battle of Raab (1809)">Raab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mar%C3%ADa" title="Battle of María">María</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Graz" title="Battle of Graz">Graz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wagram" title="Battle of Wagram">Wagram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Korneuburg" title="Combat of Korneuburg">Korneuburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Stockerau" title="Combat of Stockerau">Stockerau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gefrees" title="Battle of Gefrees">Gefrees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hollabrunn_(1809)" title="Battle of Hollabrunn (1809)">Hollabrunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Sch%C3%B6ngrabern" title="Combat of Schöngrabern">Schöngrabern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Znaim" class="mw-redirect" title="Armistice of Znaim">Armistice of Znaim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Talavera" title="Battle of Talavera">Talavera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walcheren_Campaign" title="Walcheren Campaign">Walcheren Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C3%96lper_(1809)" title="Battle of Ölper (1809)">Ölper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Almonacid" title="Battle of Almonacid">Almonacid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tamames" title="Battle of Tamames">Tamames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Oca%C3%B1a" title="Battle of Ocaña">Ocaña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Alba_de_Tormes" title="Battle of Alba de Tormes">Alba de Tormes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1810</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_C%C3%A1diz" title="Siege of Cádiz">Cádiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Astorga" title="Siege of Astorga">Astorga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ciudad_Rodrigo_(1810)" title="Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo (1810)">Ciudad Rodrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Barquilla_(1810)" title="Combat of Barquilla (1810)">Barquilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_the_C%C3%B4a" title="Combat of the Côa">Côa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Almeida_(1810)" title="Siege of Almeida (1810)">Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bussaco" title="Battle of Bussaco">Bussaco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1811</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Gebora" title="Battle of the Gebora">Gebora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Barrosa" title="Battle of Barrosa">Barrosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pombal" title="Battle of Pombal">Pombal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Redinha" title="Battle of Redinha">Redinha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Casal_Novo" title="Battle of Casal Novo">Casal Novo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Campo_Maior" title="Battle of Campo Maior">Campo Maior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sabugal" title="Battle of Sabugal">Sabugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Almeida" title="Blockade of Almeida">Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro" title="Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro">Fuentes de Oñoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tarragona_(1811)" title="Siege of Tarragona (1811)">Tarragona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Albuera" title="Battle of Albuera">Albuera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Usagre" title="Battle of Usagre">Usagre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saguntum" title="Battle of Saguntum">Saguntum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arroyo_dos_Molinos" title="Battle of Arroyo dos Molinos">Arroyo dos Molinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Valencia_(1812)" title="Siege of Valencia (1812)">Valencia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1812</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ciudad_Rodrigo_(1812)" title="Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo (1812)">Ciudad Rodrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Badajoz_(1812)" title="Siege of Badajoz (1812)">Badajoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Villagarcia" title="Battle of Villagarcia">Villagarcia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Almaraz" title="Battle of Almaraz">Almaraz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maguilla" title="Battle of Maguilla">Maguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mir_(1812)" title="Battle of Mir (1812)">Mir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ekau" title="Battle of Ekau">Ekau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Salamanca" title="Battle of Salamanca">Salamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Garc%C3%ADa_Hern%C3%A1ndez" title="Battle of García Hernández">García Hernández</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saltanovka" title="Battle of Saltanovka">Saltanovka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ostrovno" title="Battle of Ostrovno">Ostrovno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vitebsk_(1812)" title="Battle of Vitebsk (1812)">Vitebsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kobrin" title="Battle of Kobrin">Kobryn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Klyastitsy" title="Battle of Klyastitsy">Klyastitsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Majadahonda" title="Battle of Majadahonda">Majadahonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gorodechno" title="Battle of Gorodechno">Gorodechno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Smolensk_(1812)" title="Battle of Smolensk (1812)">Smolensk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Polotsk" title="First Battle of Polotsk">1st Polotsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valutino" title="Battle of Valutino">Valutino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mesoten" title="Battle of Mesoten">Mesoten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Borodino" title="Battle of Borodino">Borodino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_occupation_of_Moscow" title="French occupation of Moscow">Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Burgos" title="Siege of Burgos">Burgos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tarutino" title="Battle of Tarutino">Tarutino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Polotsk" title="Second Battle of Polotsk">2nd Polotsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Venta_del_Pozo" title="Battle of Venta del Pozo">Venta del Pozo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maloyaroslavets" title="Battle of Maloyaroslavets">Maloyaroslavets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chashniki" title="Battle of Chashniki">Chashniki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vyazma" title="Battle of Vyazma">Vyazma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Smoliani" title="Battle of Smoliani">Smoliani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krasnoi" title="Battle of Krasnoi">Krasnoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Berezina" title="Battle of Berezina">Berezina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1813</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Castalla" title="Battle of Castalla">Castalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_L%C3%BCtzen_(1813)" title="Battle of Lützen (1813)">Lützen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bautzen_(1813)" title="Battle of Bautzen (1813)">Bautzen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tarragona_(1813)" title="Siege of Tarragona (1813)">Tarragona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Luckau" title="Battle of Luckau">Luckau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vitoria" title="Battle of Vitoria">Vitoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="Siege of San Sebastián">San Sebastián</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Pyrenees" title="Battle of the Pyrenees">Pyrenees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sorauren" title="Battle of Sorauren">Sorauren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gro%C3%9Fbeeren" title="Battle of Großbeeren">Großbeeren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Katzbach" title="Battle of the Katzbach">Katzbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dresden" title="Battle of Dresden">Dresden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kulm" title="Battle of Kulm">1st Kulm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Marcial" title="Battle of San Marcial">San Marcial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dennewitz" title="Battle of Dennewitz">Dennewitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Kulm" title="Second Battle of Kulm">2nd Kulm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_G%C3%B6hrde" title="Battle of the Göhrde">Göhrde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Ro%C3%9Flau" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat of Roßlau">Roßlau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wartenburg" title="Battle of Wartenburg">Wartenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bidassoa" title="Battle of the Bidassoa">Bidassoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leipzig" title="Battle of Leipzig">Leipzig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hanau" title="Battle of Hanau">Hanau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nivelle" title="Battle of Nivelle">Nivelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bornh%C3%B6ved_(1813)" title="Battle of Bornhöved (1813)">Bornhöved</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sehested" title="Battle of Sehested">Sehested</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1814</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brienne" title="Battle of Brienne">Brienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_La_Rothi%C3%A8re" title="Battle of La Rothière">La Rothière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Mincio_River_(1814)" title="Battle of the Mincio River (1814)">Mincio River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Champaubert" title="Battle of Champaubert">Champaubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Montmirail" title="Battle of Montmirail">Montmirail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ch%C3%A2teau-Thierry_(1814)" title="Battle of Château-Thierry (1814)">Château-Thierry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vauchamps" title="Battle of Vauchamps">Vauchamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Garris" title="Battle of Garris">Garris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mormant" title="Battle of Mormant">Mormant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Montereau" title="Battle of Montereau">Montereau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Orthez" title="Battle of Orthez">Orthez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bar-sur-Aube" title="Battle of Bar-sur-Aube">Bar-sur-Aube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Laon" title="Battle of Laon">Laon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Reims_(1814)" title="Battle of Reims (1814)">Reims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Craonne" title="Battle of Craonne">Craonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arcis-sur-Aube" title="Battle of Arcis-sur-Aube">Arcis-sur-Aube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_F%C3%A8re-Champenoise" title="Battle of Fère-Champenoise">Fère-Champenoise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saint-Dizier" title="Battle of Saint-Dizier">Saint-Dizier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Paris_(1814)" title="Battle of Paris (1814)">Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Paris_(1814)" title="Battle of Paris (1814)">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Toulouse_(1814)" title="Battle of Toulouse (1814)">Toulouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bayonne" title="Battle of Bayonne">Bayonne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1815</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Panaro" title="Battle of the Panaro">Panaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Occhiobello" title="Battle of Occhiobello">Occhiobello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Carpi_(1815)" title="Battle of Carpi (1815)">Carpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Casaglia" title="Battle of Casaglia">Casaglia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ronco" title="Battle of Ronco">Ronco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cesenatico" title="Battle of Cesenatico">Cesenatico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pesaro" title="Battle of Pesaro">Pesaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Scapezzano" title="Battle of Scapezzano">Scapezzano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tolentino" title="Battle of Tolentino">Tolentino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ancona" title="Siege of Ancona">Ancona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Castel_di_Sangro" title="Battle of Castel di Sangro">Castel di Sangro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Germano" title="Battle of San Germano">San Germano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Gaeta_(1815)" title="Siege of Gaeta (1815)">Gaeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Quatre_Bras" title="Battle of Quatre Bras">Quatre Bras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ligny" title="Battle of Ligny">Ligny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Waterloo" title="Battle of Waterloo">Waterloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wavre" title="Battle of Wavre">Wavre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rocheserviere" title="Battle of Rocheserviere">Rocheserviere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_La_Suffel" title="Battle of La Suffel">La Suffel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rocquencourt" title="Battle of Rocquencourt">Rocquencourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Issy" title="Battle of Issy">Issy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Info</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">French and ally<br />military and<br />political leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Alexandre_Berthier" title="Louis-Alexandre Berthier">Louis-Alexandre Berthier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Murat" title="Joachim Murat">Joachim Murat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Nicolas_Davout" title="Louis-Nicolas Davout">Louis-Nicolas Davout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Lannes" title="Jean Lannes">Jean Lannes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auguste_de_Marmont" title="Auguste de Marmont">Auguste de Marmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Mass%C3%A9na" title="André Masséna">André Masséna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Ney" title="Michel Ney">Michel Ney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-de-Dieu_Soult" title="Jean-de-Dieu Soult">Jean-de-Dieu Soult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Victor-Perrin,_Duc_de_Belluno" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno">Marshal Victor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Bessi%C3%A8res" title="Jean-Baptiste Bessières">Jean-Baptiste Bessières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Charles_Villeneuve" title="Pierre-Charles Villeneuve">Pierre-Charles Villeneuve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Bonaparte" title="Louis Bonaparte">Louis Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte">Jérôme Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Poniatowski" title="Józef Poniatowski">Prince Poniatowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_de_Beauharnais" title="Eugène de Beauharnais">Prince Eugène</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I_Joseph_of_Bavaria" title="Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria">Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Augustus_I_of_Saxony" title="Frederick Augustus I of Saxony">Frederick Augustus I of Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Frederick I of Württemberg">Frederick I of Württemberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VI_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VI of Denmark">Frederick VI of Denmark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Coalition<br />military and<br />political leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Duke of Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowland_Hill,_1st_Viscount_Hill" title="Rowland Hill, 1st Viscount Hill">Rowland Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Moore_(British_Army_officer)" title="John Moore (British Army officer)">John Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horatio_Nelson,_1st_Viscount_Nelson" title="Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson">Horatio Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cochrane,_10th_Earl_of_Dundonald" title="Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald">Thomas Cochrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor">Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Lape%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Lapeña">Manuel Lapeña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Charles,_Duke_of_Teschen" title="Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen">Archduke Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Philipp,_Prince_of_Schwarzenberg" title="Karl Philipp, Prince of Schwarzenberg">Prince von Schwarzenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archduke_John_of_Austria" title="Archduke John of Austria">Archduke John of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Alexander I of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Kutuzov" title="Mikhail Kutuzov">Mikhail Kutuzov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Andreas_Barclay_de_Tolly" title="Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly">Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levin_August_von_Bennigsen" title="Levin August von Bennigsen">Count Bennigsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Bagration" title="Pyotr Bagration">Pyotr Bagration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Wittgenstein" title="Peter Wittgenstein">Peter Wittgenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_III_of_Prussia" title="Frederick William III of Prussia">Frederick William III of Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gebhard_Leberecht_von_Bl%C3%BCcher" title="Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher">Gebhard von Blücher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_William_Ferdinand,_Duke_of_Brunswick" title="Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick">Duke of Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Louis,_Prince_of_Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen">Prince of Hohenlohe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VII of Spain">Ferdinand VII of Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Ricardo_de_%C3%81lava" title="Miguel Ricardo de Álava">Miguel de Álava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_I_of_Portugal" title="Maria I of Portugal">Maria I of Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_VI_of_Portugal" title="John VI of Portugal">Prince Regent John of Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Pereira_Forjaz,_Count_of_Feira" class="mw-redirect" title="Miguel Pereira Forjaz, Count of Feira">Count of Feira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_I_of_the_Netherlands" title="William I of the Netherlands">William, Prince of Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies">Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_IV_Adolf" title="Gustav IV Adolf">Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XIV_John" title="Charles XIV John">Prince Charles John of Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII" title="Louis XVIII">Louis XVIII</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Related<br />conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Russian_War_(1807%E2%80%931812)" title="Anglo-Russian War (1807–1812)">Anglo-Russian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Spanish_War_(1796%E2%80%931808)" title="Anglo-Spanish War (1796–1808)">Anglo-Spanish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Swedish_War_(1810%E2%80%931812)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Swedish War (1810–1812)">Anglo-Swedish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Turkish_War_(1807%E2%80%931809)" title="Anglo-Turkish War (1807–1809)">Anglo-Turkish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Wars_(Scandinavia)" title="English Wars (Scandinavia)">Anglo-Danish War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gunboat_War" title="Gunboat War">Gunboat War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dano-Swedish_War_of_1808%E2%80%931809" class="mw-redirect" title="Dano-Swedish War of 1808–1809">Dano-Swedish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_War" title="Finnish War">Russo-Swedish War (Finnish War)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Swedish_War" title="Franco-Swedish War">Franco-Swedish War (Pomeranian War)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Persian_War_(1804%E2%80%931813)" title="Russo-Persian War (1804–1813)">Russo-Persian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1806%E2%80%931812)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812)">Russo-Turkish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_American_wars_of_independence" title="Spanish American wars of independence">Spanish American wars of independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish%E2%80%93Norwegian_War_(1814)" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish–Norwegian War (1814)">Swedish–Norwegian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Treaties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Campo_Formio" title="Treaty of Campo Formio">Campo Formio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lun%C3%A9ville" title="Treaty of Lunéville">Lunéville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amiens" title="Treaty of Amiens">Amiens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Artlenburg" title="Convention of Artlenburg">Artlenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Pressburg_(1805)" title="Peace of Pressburg (1805)">Pressburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Finckenstein" title="Treaty of Finckenstein">Finckenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_Tilsit" title="Treaties of Tilsit">Tilsit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Cintra" title="Convention of Cintra">Cintra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Sch%C3%B6nbrunn" title="Treaty of Schönbrunn">Schönbrunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1810)" title="Treaty of Paris (1810)">Paris (1810)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(24_February_1812)" title="Treaty of Paris (24 February 1812)">Paris (February 1812)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(14_March_1812)" title="Treaty of Paris (14 March 1812)">Paris (March 1812)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1814)" title="Treaty of Paris (1814)">Paris (1814)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Tauroggen" title="Convention of Tauroggen">Tauroggen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Ried" title="Treaty of Ried">Ried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Chaumont" title="Treaty of Chaumont">Chaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Kiel" title="Treaty of Kiel">Kiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Mantua" title="Convention of Mantua">Mantua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Casalanza" title="Treaty of Casalanza">Casalanza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Fontainebleau_(1814)" title="Treaty of Fontainebleau (1814)">Fontainebleau (1814)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1815)" title="Treaty of Paris (1815)">Paris (1815)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_books_about_the_Napoleonic_Wars" title="List of books about the Napoleonic Wars">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France" title="Bourbon Restoration in France">Bourbon Restoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars_casualties" title="Napoleonic Wars casualties">Casualties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Erfurt" title="Congress of Erfurt">Congress of Erfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_System" title="Continental System">Continental System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conference_of_Dresden_(1812)" title="Conference of Dresden (1812)">Conference of Dresden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/England_expects_that_every_man_will_do_his_duty" title="England expects that every man will do his duty">England expects that every man will do his duty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Napoleonic_Wars_films" title="List of Napoleonic Wars films">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Arm%C3%A9e" title="Grande Armée">Grande Armée</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_La_Grande_Arm%C3%A9e" title="Uniforms of La Grande Armée">Uniforms</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longwood_House" title="Longwood House">Longwood House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Types_of_military_forces_in_the_Napoleonic_Wars" title="Types of military forces in the Napoleonic Wars">Types of military</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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