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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Elmer A. Benson</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="المر آستین بنسون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="المر آستین بنسون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmer_Austin_Benson" title="Elmer Austin Benson – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Elmer Austin Benson" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="المر آستین بنسون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="المر آستین بنسون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmer_Austin_Benson" title="Elmer Austin Benson – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elmer Austin Benson" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A8_%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9F" title="אלמר בנסון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלמר בנסון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmer_Austin_Benson" title="Elmer Austin Benson – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Elmer Austin Benson" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="المر اوستين بنسون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="المر اوستين بنسون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmer_Benson" title="Elmer Benson – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Elmer Benson" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmer_Austin_Benson" title="Elmer Austin Benson – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Elmer Austin Benson" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmer_Austin_Benson" title="Elmer Austin Benson – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Elmer Austin Benson" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q440203#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Elmer A. Benson</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Elmer_A._Benson,_1938.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Elmer_A._Benson%2C_1938.jpg/220px-Elmer_A._Benson%2C_1938.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Elmer_A._Benson%2C_1938.jpg/330px-Elmer_A._Benson%2C_1938.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Elmer_A._Benson%2C_1938.jpg/440px-Elmer_A._Benson%2C_1938.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1046" data-file-height="1394" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">24th <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Minnesota" title="Governor of Minnesota">Governor of Minnesota</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 4, 1937 – January 2, 1939</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Lieutenant</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gottfrid_Lindsten" title="Gottfrid Lindsten">Gottfrid Lindsten</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Petersen" title="Hjalmar Petersen">Hjalmar Petersen</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Stassen" title="Harold Stassen">Harold Stassen</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />December 27, 1935 – November 3, 1936</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Appointed by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Floyd_B._Olson" title="Floyd B. Olson">Floyd B. Olson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Schall" title="Thomas D. Schall">Thomas D. Schall</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Guy_V._Howard" title="Guy V. Howard">Guy V. Howard</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1895-09-22</span>)</span>September 22, 1895<br /><a href="/wiki/Appleton,_Minnesota" title="Appleton, Minnesota">Appleton, Minnesota</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">March 13, 1985<span style="display:none">(1985-03-13)</span> (aged 89)<br /><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis, Minnesota</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Democratic%E2%80%93Farmer%E2%80%93Labor_Party" title="Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party">Democratic-Farmer-Labor</a> (after 1944)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other political<br />affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Farmer-Labor_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Minnesota Farmer-Labor Party">Farmer-Labor</a> (before 1944)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Francis Miller</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_Mitchell_College_of_Law" title="William Mitchell College of Law">William Mitchell College of Law</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Military service</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branch/service</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1918–1919</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Battles/wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Elmer Austin Benson</b> (September 22, 1895 –  March 13, 1985) was an American lawyer and politician from <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>. In 1935, Benson was appointed to the U.S. Senate following the death of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Schall" title="Thomas D. Schall">Thomas Schall</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Minnesota" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Minnesota">24th governor of Minnesota</a>, defeating Republican <a href="/wiki/Martin_A._Nelson" title="Martin A. Nelson">Martin Nelson</a> in a landslide in <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_gubernatorial_election,_1936" class="mw-redirect" title="Minnesota gubernatorial election, 1936">Minnesota's 1936 gubernatorial election</a>. He lost the governorship two years later to Republican <a href="/wiki/Harold_Stassen" title="Harold Stassen">Harold Stassen</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_gubernatorial_election,_1938" class="mw-redirect" title="Minnesota gubernatorial election, 1938">1938 gubernatorial election.</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmer_A._Benson&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born in 1895 in <a href="/wiki/Appleton,_Minnesota" title="Appleton, Minnesota">Appleton, Minnesota</a>, Benson studied law at <a href="/wiki/William_Mitchell_College_of_Law" title="William Mitchell College of Law">William Mitchell College of Law</a> (then the St. Paul College of Law) and served for a year in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army">U.S. Army</a> during World War I. He never practiced law after returning from active duty, choosing instead to pursue a banking and business career. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Olson's_ally"><span id="Olson.27s_ally"></span>Olson's ally</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmer_A._Benson&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Olson's ally"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Benson was a close ally of Governor <a href="/wiki/Floyd_B._Olson" title="Floyd B. Olson">Floyd B. Olson</a>, another member of the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Farmer-Labor_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Minnesota Farmer-Labor Party">Farmer-Labor Party</a>, who helped orchestrate Benson's political rise. Olson appointed Benson state Commissioner of Securities before choosing him to replace <a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Schall" title="Thomas D. Schall">Thomas D. Schall</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> after Schall's death in December 1935. Benson served in the <a href="/wiki/74th_United_States_Congress" title="74th United States Congress">74th congress</a>, until November 3, 1936. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governor_of_Minnesota">Governor of Minnesota</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmer_A._Benson&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Governor of Minnesota"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After Olson's premature death from cancer in 1936 and the interregnum of Lieutenant Governor <a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Petersen" title="Hjalmar Petersen">Hjalmar Petersen</a>, Benson stepped into the breach and was elected the 24th <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Minnesota" title="Governor of Minnesota">governor of Minnesota</a> by the largest margin in state history. He served as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Minnesota" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Minnesota">24th governor of Minnesota</a> from January 4, 1937, to January 2, 1939. His defeat by a record margin in 1938 is seen as the beginning of the end of the Farmer-Labor Party as an independent political force and a setback for progressive politics in Minnesota. In 1940, he ran for the United States Senate against <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Shipstead" title="Henrik Shipstead">Henrik Shipstead</a>, an incumbent senator who defected from the Farmer-Labor Party to join the Republicans. Benson took second place, receiving 25% of the vote, in a race that also involved a Democrat, while Shipstead was reelected. He ran for the Senate for the last time in 1942, losing to Republican <a href="/wiki/Joseph_H._Ball" title="Joseph H. Ball">Joseph H. Ball</a> in a four-way race. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="DFL_Party">DFL Party</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmer_A._Benson&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: DFL Party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Benson was also the chief figure behind a schism within the DFL Party in Minnesota between 1946 and 1948. The DFL (Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party) had been created in 1944 with the merging of the Minnesota Democratic Party and the Farmer-Labor Party. Benson and his supporters actively took control of the party's main committee in 1946, but were displaced by the supporters of <a href="/wiki/Hubert_H._Humphrey" class="mw-redirect" title="Hubert H. Humphrey">Hubert H. Humphrey</a> (then the mayor of Minneapolis) in 1948. The influence of Humphrey and his supporters had grown significantly within the party between 1946 and 1948 due to Humphrey's popularity and his work through the <a href="/wiki/Americans_for_Democratic_Action" title="Americans for Democratic Action">ADA</a>, the state <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_cooperative" title="Agricultural cooperative">farm co-ops</a>, and support from the national arm of the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Industrial_Organizations" title="Congress of Industrial Organizations">CIO</a>. Humphrey's group of supporters—which included such future DFL political stars as <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Naftalin" title="Arthur Naftalin">Arthur Naftalin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orville_Freeman" title="Orville Freeman">Orville Freeman</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Walter Mondale</a>—wrested control of the DFL from Benson's supporters at a February 1948 party convention. Humphrey's later successful Senate campaign signaled a significant victory for his faction within the fledgling DFL Party and the defeat of Benson's candidates in the DFL primaries. The 1948 schism eventually led Benson and his supporters to leave the DFL. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmer_A._Benson&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before ill health drove him from the public arena, Benson became a force within the short-lived <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Party_1948_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Progressive Party 1948 (United States)">Progressive Party</a>, managing the 1948 presidential campaign of its candidate, <a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Wallace" title="Henry A. Wallace">Henry Wallace</a>. Benson died in 1985 in <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a>, and is buried at the Appleton Cemetery in the town of his birth, <a href="/wiki/Appleton,_Minnesota" title="Appleton, Minnesota">Appleton, Minnesota</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmer_A._Benson&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Benson, Elmer A. "Politics in My Lifetime." <i>Minnesota History</i> 47 (1980): 154–60. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://collections.mnhs.org/mnhistorymagazine/articles/47/v47i04p154-161.pdf">Online.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304094412/http://collections.mnhs.org/MNHistoryMagazine/articles/47/v47i04p154-161.pdf">Archived</a> March 4, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li>Darg, Philip Lloyd, "The Farmer-Labor Party In Minnesota Politics: 1918–1948" (2015). (PhD dissertation U of North Dakota, 2015) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commons.und.edu/theses/1886">Online.</a></li> <li>Haynes, John Earl. <i>Dubious alliance: The making of Minnesota's DFL Party</i> (U of Minnesota Press, 1984).</li> <li>Lovin, Hugh T. "The Fall of Farmer-Labor Parties, 1936–1938." <i>Pacific Northwest Quarterly</i> (1971): 16–26. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40488875">JSTOR.</a></li> <li>Sofchalk, Donald G. "Union and Ethnic Group Influence in the 1938 Election on the Minnesota Iron Ranges." <i>Journal of the West</i> (2003) 42#3 pp: 66–74.</li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_CongressB000389" class="citation web cs1">United States Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000389">"Elmer A. Benson (id: B000389)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft.atitle=Elmer+A.+Benson+%28id%3A+B000389%29&rft.au=United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DB000389&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmer+A.+Benson" class="Z3988"></span> Retrieved on 2009-5-18.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmer_A._Benson&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFServices1985" class="citation news cs1">Services, Times Wire (March 16, 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-03-16-fi-27186-story.html">"Socialist Elmer Benson Dies at 89: Radical Played a Prominent Role in Minnesota Politics"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0458-3035">0458-3035</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 25,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Socialist+Elmer+Benson+Dies+at+89%3A+Radical+Played+a+Prominent+Role+in+Minnesota+Politics&rft.date=1985-03-16&rft.issn=0458-3035&rft.aulast=Services&rft.aufirst=Times+Wire&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1985-03-16-fi-27186-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmer+A.+Benson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Elmer A. Benson, "Politics in My Lifetime." <i>Minnesota History</i> 47 (1980): 154–60.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Floyd_B._Olson" title="Floyd B. Olson">Floyd B. Olson</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Farmer%E2%80%93Labor_Party" title="Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party">Farmer–Labor</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Minnesota" title="Governor of Minnesota">Governor of Minnesota</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1936_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1936 Minnesota gubernatorial election">1936</a>, <a href="/wiki/1938_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1938 Minnesota gubernatorial election">1938</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Petersen" title="Hjalmar Petersen">Hjalmar Petersen</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Shipstead" title="Henrik Shipstead">Henrik Shipstead</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Farmer%E2%80%93Labor_Party" title="Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party">Farmer–Labor</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senator" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senator">U.S. Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_Senators" class="mw-redirect" title="Classes of United States Senators">Class 1</a>) </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Minnesota" title="1940 United States Senate election in Minnesota">1940</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Theodore Jorgenson<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Democratic–Farmer–Labor</span></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Al Hansen</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Farmer%E2%80%93Labor_Party" title="Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party">Farmer–Labor</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senator" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senator">U.S. Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_Senators" class="mw-redirect" title="Classes of United States Senators">Class 2</a>) </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1942_United_States_Senate_election_in_Minnesota" title="1942 United States Senate election in Minnesota">1942</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">Hubert Humphrey</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Democratic–Farmer–Labor</span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Schall" title="Thomas D. Schall">Thomas D. Schall</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota"> U.S. senator (Class 2) from Minnesota</a> </b><br />1935–1936 <br />Served alongside: <b><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Shipstead" title="Henrik Shipstead">Henrik Shipstead</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Guy_V._Howard" title="Guy V. Howard">Guy V. Howard</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Petersen" title="Hjalmar Petersen">Hjalmar Petersen</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Minnesota" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Minnesota">Governor of Minnesota</a> </b><br />1937–1939 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Stassen" title="Harold Stassen">Harold Stassen</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF157;">Honorary titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/F._Ryan_Duffy" title="F. Ryan Duffy">F. Ryan Duffy</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Most senior living U.S. senator <br /> (Sitting or former) </b><br />August 16, 1979 – March 13, 1985 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Claude_Pepper" title="Claude Pepper">Claude Pepper</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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Ramsey">Ramsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willis_A._Gorman" title="Willis A. Gorman">Gorman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Medary" title="Samuel Medary">Medary</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Seal_of_Minnesota.svg/75px-Seal_of_Minnesota.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Seal_of_Minnesota.svg/113px-Seal_of_Minnesota.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Seal_of_Minnesota.svg/150px-Seal_of_Minnesota.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1201" data-file-height="1201" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">State <span class="nobold">(since 1858)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hastings_Sibley" title="Henry Hastings Sibley">Sibley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ramsey" title="Alexander Ramsey">Ramsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Adoniram_Swift" title="Henry Adoniram Swift">Swift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Miller_(Minnesota_governor)" title="Stephen Miller (Minnesota governor)">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Rainey_Marshall" title="William Rainey Marshall">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Austin" title="Horace Austin">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cushman_K._Davis" title="Cushman K. Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_S._Pillsbury" title="John S. Pillsbury">Pillsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Frederick_Hubbard" title="Lucius Frederick Hubbard">Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Ryan_McGill" title="Andrew Ryan McGill">McGill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Rush_Merriam" title="William Rush Merriam">Merriam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knute_Nelson" title="Knute Nelson">Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Marston_Clough" title="David Marston Clough">Clough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lind_(politician)" title="John Lind (politician)">Lind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Rinnah_Van_Sant" title="Samuel Rinnah Van Sant">Van Sant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Albert_Johnson" title="John Albert Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolph_Olson_Eberhart" title="Adolph Olson Eberhart">Eberhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winfield_Scott_Hammond" title="Winfield Scott Hammond">Hammond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_A._A._Burnquist" title="Joseph A. A. Burnquist">Burnquist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._A._O._Preus" title="J. A. O. Preus">Preus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Christianson" title="Theodore Christianson">Christianson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floyd_B._Olson" title="Floyd B. Olson">Olson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Petersen" title="Hjalmar Petersen">Petersen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Benson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Stassen" title="Harold Stassen">Stassen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._Thye" title="Edward J. Thye">Thye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luther_Youngdahl" title="Luther Youngdahl">Youngdahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Elmer_Anderson" title="C. Elmer Anderson">E. Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orville_Freeman" title="Orville Freeman">Freeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_L._Andersen" title="Elmer L. Andersen">Andersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Rolvaag" title="Karl Rolvaag">Rolvaag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_LeVander" title="Harold LeVander">LeVander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendell_R._Anderson" title="Wendell R. Anderson">W. Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Perpich" title="Rudy Perpich">Perpich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Quie" title="Al Quie">Quie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Perpich" title="Rudy Perpich">Perpich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arne_Carlson" title="Arne Carlson">Carlson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Ventura" title="Jesse Ventura">Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Pawlenty" title="Tim Pawlenty">Pawlenty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Dayton" title="Mark Dayton">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Walz" title="Tim Walz">Walz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Third-party_governors_of_U.S._states1027" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Third-party_governors" title="Template:Third-party governors"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Third-party_governors" title="Template talk:Third-party governors"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Third-party_governors" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Third-party governors"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Third-party_governors_of_U.S._states1027" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_United_States_elections" title="List of third-party and independent performances in United States elections">Third-party</a> <a href="/wiki/Governor_(United_States)" title="Governor (United States)">governors</a> of U.S. states</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #90EE90;"><a href="/wiki/Country_Party_(Rhode_Island)" title="Country Party (Rhode Island)">Country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Fenner" title="Arthur Fenner">Arthur Fenner</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Rhode_Island" title="List of governors of Rhode Island">RI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Smith_(Rhode_Island_governor)" title="Henry Smith (Rhode Island governor)">Henry Smith</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Rhode_Island" title="List of governors of Rhode Island">RI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Wilbour" title="Isaac Wilbour">Isaac Wilbour</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Rhode_Island" title="List of governors of Rhode Island">RI</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #0EBFB0;"><a href="/wiki/Nullifier_Party" title="Nullifier Party">Nullifier</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Hamilton_Jr." title="James Hamilton Jr.">James Hamilton Jr.</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_South_Carolina" title="List of governors of South Carolina">SC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Y._Hayne" title="Robert Y. Hayne">Robert Y. Hayne</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_South_Carolina" title="List of governors of South Carolina">SC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Decatur_Miller" title="Stephen Decatur Miller">Stephen D. Miller</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_South_Carolina" title="List of governors of South Carolina">SC</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FFFF99;"><a href="/wiki/Anti-Masonic_Party" title="Anti-Masonic Party">Anti-Masonic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Palmer" title="William A. Palmer">William A. Palmer</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Vermont" title="List of governors of Vermont">VT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Ritner" title="Joseph Ritner">Joseph Ritner</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Pennsylvania" title="List of governors of Pennsylvania">PA</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #00DDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Law_and_Order_Party_of_Rhode_Island" title="Law and Order Party of Rhode Island">Law and Order</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byron_Diman" title="Byron Diman">Byron Diman</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Rhode_Island" title="List of governors of Rhode Island">RI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Fenner" title="James Fenner">James Fenner</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Rhode_Island" title="List of governors of Rhode Island">RI</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #D99FE8;"><a href="/wiki/Know_Nothing" title="Know Nothing">Know Nothing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Gardner" title="Henry Gardner">Henry Gardner</a> (<a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Massachusetts" title="Governor of Massachusetts">MA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Holliday_Hicks" title="Thomas Holliday Hicks">Thomas H. Hicks</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Maryland" title="List of governors of Maryland">MD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Neely_Johnson" title="J. Neely Johnson">J. Neely Johnson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_California" title="List of governors of California">CA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Metcalf_(New_Hampshire_politician)" title="Ralph Metcalf (New Hampshire politician)">Ralph Metcalf</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_New_Hampshire" title="List of governors of New Hampshire">NH</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_T._Minor" title="William T. Minor">William T. Minor</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Connecticut" title="List of governors of Connecticut">CT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_S._Morehead" title="Charles S. Morehead">Charles S. Morehead</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Kentucky" title="List of governors of Kentucky">KY</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_F._Causey" title="Peter F. Causey">Peter F. Causey</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Delaware" title="List of governors of Delaware">DE</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #ffaacc;"><a href="/wiki/Union_Party_(United_States,_1850)" title="Union Party (United States, 1850)">Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Howell_Cobb" title="Howell Cobb">Howell Cobb</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Georgia" title="List of governors of Georgia">GA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_S._Foote" title="Henry S. Foote">Henry S. Foote</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Mississippi" title="List of governors of Mississippi">MS</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #B22222;"><a href="/wiki/National_Union_Party_(United_States)" title="National Union Party (United States)">National Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Brough" title="John Brough">John Brough</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Ohio" title="List of governors of Ohio">OH</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_P._Morton" title="Oliver P. Morton">Oliver P. Morton</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Indiana" title="List of governors of Indiana">IN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_M._Pease" title="Elisha M. Pease">Elisha M. Pease</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Texas" title="List of governors of Texas">TX</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #ACE1AF;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(United_States)" title="People's Party (United States)">Populist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silas_A._Holcomb" title="Silas A. Holcomb">Silas A. Holcomb</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Nebraska" title="List of governors of Nebraska">NE</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_E._Lee" title="Andrew E. Lee">Andrew E. Lee</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_South_Dakota" title="List of governors of South Dakota">SD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Leedy" title="John W. Leedy">John W. Leedy</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Kansas" title="List of governors of Kansas">KS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_D._Lewelling" title="Lorenzo D. Lewelling">Lorenzo D. Lewelling</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Kansas" title="List of governors of Kansas">KS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvester_Pennoyer" title="Sylvester Pennoyer">Sylvester Pennoyer</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Oregon" title="List of governors of Oregon">OR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Poynter" title="William A. Poynter">William A. Poynter</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Nebraska" title="List of governors of Nebraska">NE</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rankin_Rogers" title="John Rankin Rogers">John R. Rogers</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Washington" title="List of governors of Washington">WA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davis_Hanson_Waite" title="Davis Hanson Waite">Davis H. Waite</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="List of governors of Colorado">CO</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #A3BFBA;"><a href="/wiki/Silver_Party" title="Silver Party">Silver</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denver_S._Dickerson" title="Denver S. Dickerson">Denver S. Dickerson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Nevada" title="List of governors of Nevada">NV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Jones_(governor)" title="John Edward Jones (governor)">John Jones</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Nevada" title="List of governors of Nevada">NV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhold_Sadler" title="Reinhold Sadler">Reinhold Sadler</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Nevada" title="List of governors of Nevada">NV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sparks_(Nevada_politician)" title="John Sparks (Nevada politician)">John Sparks</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Nevada" title="List of governors of Nevada">NV</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #B63434;"><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Party_(United_States,_1912%E2%80%931920)" class="mw-redirect" title="Progressive Party (United States, 1912–1920)">Progressive (1912)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_M._Carey" title="Joseph M. Carey">Joseph M. Carey</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Wyoming" title="List of governors of Wyoming">WY</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Johnson" title="Hiram Johnson">Hiram Johnson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_California" title="List of governors of California">CA</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FCF5D9;"><a href="/wiki/Nonpartisan_League" title="Nonpartisan League">Nonpartisan League</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Frazier" title="Lynn Frazier">Lynn Frazier</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_North_Dakota" title="List of governors of North Dakota">ND</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Langer" title="William Langer">William Langer</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_North_Dakota" title="List of governors of North Dakota">ND</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Maddock" title="Walter Maddock">Walter Maddock</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_North_Dakota" title="List of governors of North Dakota">ND</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ole_H._Olson" title="Ole H. Olson">Ole H. Olson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_North_Dakota" title="List of governors of North Dakota">ND</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_G._Sorlie" title="Arthur G. Sorlie">Arthur G. Sorlie</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_North_Dakota" title="List of governors of North Dakota">ND</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Welford" title="Walter Welford">Walter Welford</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_North_Dakota" title="List of governors of North Dakota">ND</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #66FF99;"><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Farmer%E2%80%93Labor_Party" title="Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party">Farmer–Labor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Elmer A. Benson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Minnesota" title="List of governors of Minnesota">MN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floyd_B._Olson" title="Floyd B. Olson">Floyd B. Olson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Minnesota" title="List of governors of Minnesota">MN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Petersen" title="Hjalmar Petersen">Hjalmar Petersen</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Minnesota" title="List of governors of Minnesota">MN</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #5FD170;"><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Progressive_Party" title="Wisconsin Progressive Party">Wisconsin Progressive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_La_Follette" title="Philip La Follette">Philip La Follette</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Wisconsin" title="List of governors of Wisconsin">WI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orland_Steen_Loomis" title="Orland Steen Loomis">Orland S. Loomis</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Wisconsin" title="List of governors of Wisconsin">WI</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="color:#FF69B4;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/B._Gratz_Brown" title="B. Gratz Brown">B. Gratz Brown</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberal_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Liberal Republican Party (United States)">Liberal Republican</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Missouri" title="List of governors of Missouri">MO</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#0EBFE9;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_E._Cameron" title="William E. Cameron">William E. Cameron</a> (<a href="/wiki/Readjuster_Party" title="Readjuster Party">Readjuster</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Virginia" title="List of governors of Virginia">VA</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#FF00FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Johnston_Catts" title="Sidney Johnston Catts">Sidney J. Catts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Florida" title="List of governors of Florida">FL</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#F59100;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Howell_Cobb" title="Howell Cobb">Howell Cobb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Union_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitutional Union Party (United States)">Constitutional Union</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Georgia" title="List of governors of Georgia">GA</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#FFC14E;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wally_Hickel" title="Wally Hickel">Wally Hickel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alaskan_Independence_Party" title="Alaskan Independence Party">Independence</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Alaska" title="List of governors of Alaska">AK</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#0BDA51;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Harris_M._Plaisted" title="Harris M. Plaisted">Harris M. Plaisted</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greenback_Party" title="Greenback Party">Greenback</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Maine" title="List of governors of Maine">ME</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#6A287E;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Ventura" title="Jesse Ventura">Jesse Ventura</a> (<a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Reform Party of the United States of America">Reform</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Minnesota" title="List of governors of Minnesota">MN</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#FFA500;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lowell_Weicker" title="Lowell Weicker">Lowell Weicker</a> (<a href="/wiki/A_Connecticut_Party" title="A Connecticut Party">Connecticut</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Connecticut" title="List of governors of Connecticut">CT</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#3c4fbd;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Wolcott_Jr." title="Oliver Wolcott Jr.">Oliver Wolcott Jr.</a> (<a href="/wiki/Toleration_Party" title="Toleration Party">Toleration</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Connecticut" title="List of governors of Connecticut">CT</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;">Independents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shadrach_Bond" title="Shadrach Bond">Shadrach Bond</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Illinois" title="List of governors of Illinois">IL</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Chafee" title="Lincoln Chafee">Lincoln Chafee</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Rhode_Island" title="List of governors of Rhode Island">RI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Coles" title="Edward Coles">Edward Coles</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Illinois" title="List of governors of Illinois">IL</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Crist" title="Charlie Crist">Charlie Crist</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Florida" title="List of governors of Florida">FL</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wilson_Dorr" title="Thomas Wilson Dorr">Thomas W. Dorr</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Rhode_Island" title="List of governors of Rhode Island">RI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Gill" title="Moses Gill">Moses Gill</a> (<a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Massachusetts" title="Governor of Massachusetts">MA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Houston" title="Sam Houston">Sam Houston</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Texas" title="List of governors of Texas">TX</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Jacob_(West_Virginia_politician)" title="John J. Jacob (West Virginia politician)">John J. Jacob</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_West_Virginia" title="List of governors of West Virginia">WV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angus_King" title="Angus King">Angus King</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Maine" title="List of governors of Maine">ME</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ward_King" title="Samuel Ward King">Samuel W. King</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Rhode_Island" title="List of governors of Rhode Island">RI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Longley" title="James B. Longley">James B. Longley</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Maine" title="List of governors of Maine">ME</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_L._Martin" title="Joshua L. Martin">Joshua L. Martin</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Alabama" title="List of governors of Alabama">AL</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Meier" title="Julius Meier">Julius Meier</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Oregon" title="List of governors of Oregon">OR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Ray" title="James B. Ray">James B. Ray</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Indiana" title="List of governors of Indiana">IN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eli_C._D._Shortridge" title="Eli C. D. Shortridge">Eli C. D. Shortridge</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_North_Dakota" title="List of governors of North Dakota">ND</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Walker_(American_politician)" title="Bill Walker (American politician)">Bill Walker</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Alaska" title="List of governors of Alaska">AK</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third party (U.S. politics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_United_States_elections" title="List of third-party and independent performances in United States elections">Third-party officeholders and notable third-party election performances in the United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_senators_from_Minnesota101" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="Template:United States senators from Minnesota"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="Template talk:United States senators from Minnesota"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States senators from Minnesota"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_senators_from_Minnesota101" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">United States senators from Minnesota</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 1</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_M._Rice" title="Henry M. Rice">Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ramsey" title="Alexander Ramsey">Ramsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._R._McMillan" title="Samuel J. R. McMillan">McMillan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cushman_K._Davis" title="Cushman K. Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Towne" title="Charles A. Towne">Towne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_E._Clapp" title="Moses E. Clapp">Clapp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_B._Kellogg" title="Frank B. Kellogg">Kellogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Shipstead" title="Henrik Shipstead">Shipstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._Thye" title="Edward J. Thye">Thye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_McCarthy" title="Eugene McCarthy">McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">H. Humphrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muriel_Humphrey" title="Muriel Humphrey">M. Humphrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Durenberger" title="David Durenberger">Durenberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Grams" title="Rod Grams">Grams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Dayton" title="Mark Dayton">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Klobuchar" title="Amy Klobuchar">Klobuchar</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Senate"><img alt="Seal of the United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 2</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Shields_(politician,_born_1806)" title="James Shields (politician, born 1806)">Shields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morton_S._Wilkinson" title="Morton S. Wilkinson">Wilkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Sheldon_Norton" title="Daniel Sheldon Norton">Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Windom_(politician)" title="William Windom (politician)">Windom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozora_P._Stearns" title="Ozora P. Stearns">Stearns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Windom_(politician)" title="William Windom (politician)">Windom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alonzo_J._Edgerton" title="Alonzo J. Edgerton">Edgerton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Windom_(politician)" title="William Windom (politician)">Windom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_M._Sabin" title="Dwight M. Sabin">Sabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Washburn" title="William D. Washburn">Washburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knute_Nelson" title="Knute Nelson">K. Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Johnson" title="Magnus Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Schall" title="Thomas D. Schall">Schall</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Benson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_V._Howard" title="Guy V. Howard">Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lundeen" title="Ernest Lundeen">Lundeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_H._Ball" title="Joseph H. Ball">Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_E._Nelson" title="Arthur E. Nelson">A. Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_H._Ball" title="Joseph H. Ball">Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">H. Humphrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Mondale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendell_R._Anderson" title="Wendell R. Anderson">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Boschwitz" title="Rudy Boschwitz">Boschwitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Wellstone" title="Paul Wellstone">Wellstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Barkley" title="Dean Barkley">Barkley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norm_Coleman" title="Norm Coleman">Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Franken" title="Al Franken">Franken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tina_Smith" title="Tina Smith">Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Third-party_United_States_senators846" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Third-party_US_senators" title="Template:Third-party US senators"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Third-party_US_senators" title="Template talk:Third-party US senators"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Third-party_US_senators" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Third-party US senators"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Third-party_United_States_senators846" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Third-party_and_independent_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Third-party and independent members of the United States Congress">Third-party</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States senators</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #0EBFB0;"><a href="/wiki/Nullifier_Party" title="Nullifier Party">Nullifier</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">John C. Calhoun</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from South Carolina">SC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Y._Hayne" title="Robert Y. Hayne">Robert Y. Hayne</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from South Carolina">SC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Decatur_Miller" title="Stephen Decatur Miller">Stephen D. Miller</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from South Carolina">SC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Preston" title="William C. Preston">William C. Preston</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from South Carolina">SC</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #D99FE8;"><a href="/wiki/Know_Nothing" title="Know Nothing">Know Nothing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Bell_(Tennessee_politician)" title="John Bell (Tennessee politician)">John Bell</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Tennessee" title="List of United States senators from Tennessee">TN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Crittenden" title="John J. Crittenden">John J. Crittenden</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">KY</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kennedy_(Maryland_politician)" title="Anthony Kennedy (Maryland politician)">Anthony Kennedy</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">MD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Burton_Thompson" title="John Burton Thompson">John B. Thompson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">KY</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CCCC66;"><a href="/wiki/Free_Soil_Party" title="Free Soil Party">Free Soil</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Brainerd" title="Lawrence Brainerd">Lawrence Brainerd</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Vermont" title="List of United States senators from Vermont">VT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon_P._Chase" title="Salmon P. Chase">Salmon P. Chase</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Ohio" title="List of United States senators from Ohio">OH</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Gillette" title="Francis Gillette">Francis Gillette</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Connecticut" title="List of United States senators from Connecticut">CT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Hale" title="John P. Hale">John P. Hale</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Hampshire" title="List of United States senators from New Hampshire">NH</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Harlan_(Iowa_politician)" title="James Harlan (Iowa politician)">James Harlan</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Iowa" title="List of United States senators from Iowa">IA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sumner" title="Charles Sumner">Charles Sumner</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">MA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wilson" title="Henry Wilson">Henry Wilson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">MA</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #ffaacc;"><a href="/wiki/Unionist_politician_(American_Civil_War)" title="Unionist politician (American Civil War)">Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lemuel_J._Bowden" title="Lemuel J. Bowden">Lemuel J. Bowden</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from Virginia">VA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Gratz_Brown" title="B. Gratz Brown">B. Gratz Brown</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Missouri" title="List of United States senators from Missouri">MO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_S._Carlile" title="John S. Carlile">John S. Carlile</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from Virginia">VA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Creswell" title="John Creswell">John Creswell</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">MD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrett_Davis" title="Garrett Davis">Garrett Davis</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">KY</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_S._Fowler" title="Joseph S. Fowler">Joseph S. Fowler</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Tennessee" title="List of United States senators from Tennessee">TN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Henderson" title="John B. Henderson">John B. Henderson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Missouri" title="List of United States senators from Missouri">MO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Holliday_Hicks" title="Thomas Holliday Hicks">Thomas H. Hicks</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">MD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverdy_Johnson" title="Reverdy Johnson">Reverdy Johnson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">MD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_T._Patterson" title="David T. Patterson">David T. Patterson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Tennessee" title="List of United States senators from Tennessee">TN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_G._Van_Winkle" title="Peter G. Van Winkle">Peter G. Van Winkle</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_West_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from West Virginia">WV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waitman_T._Willey" title="Waitman T. Willey">Waitman T. Willey</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_West_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from West Virginia">WV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wilson_(Missouri_politician)" title="Robert Wilson (Missouri politician)">Robert Wilson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Missouri" title="List of United States senators from Missouri">MO</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF69B4;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Liberal Republican Party (United States)">Liberal Republican</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reuben_Fenton" title="Reuben Fenton">Reuben Fenton</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_York" title="List of United States senators from New York">NY</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orris_S._Ferry" title="Orris S. Ferry">Orris S. Ferry</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Connecticut" title="List of United States senators from Connecticut">CT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_C._Hamilton" title="Morgan C. Hamilton">Morgan C. Hamilton</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">TX</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Schurz" title="Carl Schurz">Carl Schurz</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Missouri" title="List of United States senators from Missouri">MO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sumner" title="Charles Sumner">Charles Sumner</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">MA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_Trumbull" title="Lyman Trumbull">Lyman Trumbull</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">IL</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #0EBFE9;"><a href="/wiki/Readjuster_Party" title="Readjuster Party">Readjuster</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Mahone" title="William Mahone">William Mahone</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from Virginia">VA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_H._Riddleberger" title="Harrison H. Riddleberger">Harrison H. Riddleberger</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from Virginia">VA</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #ACE1AF;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(United_States)" title="People's Party (United States)">Populist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_V._Allen" title="William V. Allen">William V. Allen</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nebraska" title="List of United States senators from Nebraska">NE</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Butler" title="Marion Butler">Marion Butler</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from North Carolina">NC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Alexander_Harris_(Kansas_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Alexander Harris (Kansas politician)">William A. Harris</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kansas" title="List of United States senators from Kansas">KS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Heitfeld" title="Henry Heitfeld">Henry Heitfeld</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Idaho" title="List of United States senators from Idaho">ID</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Kyle" title="James H. Kyle">James H. Kyle</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from South Dakota">SD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Peffer" title="William A. Peffer">William A. Peffer</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kansas" title="List of United States senators from Kansas">KS</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #A3BFBA;"><a href="/wiki/Silver_Party" title="Silver Party">Silver</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Silver_Republican_Party" title="Silver Republican Party">Silver Republican</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_J._Cannon" title="Frank J. Cannon">Frank J. Cannon</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Utah" title="List of United States senators from Utah">UT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Dubois" title="Fred Dubois">Fred Dubois</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Idaho" title="List of United States senators from Idaho">ID</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Jones_(Nevada_politician)" title="John P. Jones (Nevada politician)">John P. Jones</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nevada" title="List of United States senators from Nevada">NV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Mantle" title="Lee Mantle">Lee Mantle</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Montana" title="List of United States senators from Montana">MT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_F._Pettigrew" title="Richard F. Pettigrew">Richard F. Pettigrew</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from South Dakota">SD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Stewart" title="William M. Stewart">William M. Stewart</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nevada" title="List of United States senators from Nevada">NV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_M._Teller" title="Henry M. Teller">Henry M. Teller</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Colorado" title="List of United States senators from Colorado">CO</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FCF5D9;"><a href="/wiki/Nonpartisan_League" title="Nonpartisan League">Nonpartisan League</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Frazier" title="Lynn Frazier">Lynn Frazier</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">ND</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Langer" title="William Langer">William Langer</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">ND</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #66FF99;"><a href="/wiki/Farmer%E2%80%93Labor_Party" title="Farmer–Labor Party">Farmer–Labor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Elmer A. Benson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">MN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Johnson" title="Magnus Johnson">Magnus Johnson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">MN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lundeen" title="Ernest Lundeen">Ernest Lundeen</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">MN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Shipstead" title="Henrik Shipstead">Henrik Shipstead</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">MN</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="color:#FFC14E;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dean_Barkley" title="Dean Barkley">Dean Barkley</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independence_Party_of_Minnesota" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence Party of Minnesota">Independence</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">MN</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#66F500;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Newton_Booth" title="Newton Booth">Newton Booth</a> (<a href="/wiki/Anti-Monopoly_Party" title="Anti-Monopoly Party">Anti-Monopoly</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_California" title="List of United States senators from California">CA</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#FF8C00;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_L._Buckley" title="James L. Buckley">James L. Buckley</a> (<a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_New_York_State" title="Conservative Party of New York State">Conservative</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_York" title="List of United States senators from New York">NY</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#00DDDD;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Cilley_(1791%E2%80%931887)" title="Joseph Cilley (1791–1887)">Joseph Cilley</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberty_Party_(United_States,_1840)" title="Liberty Party (United States, 1840)">Liberty</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Hampshire" title="List of United States senators from New Hampshire">NH</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#00DDDD;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Brown_Francis" title="John Brown Francis">John B. Francis</a> (<a href="/wiki/Law_and_Order_Party_of_Rhode_Island" title="Law and Order Party of Rhode Island">Law and Order</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Rhode_Island" title="List of United States senators from Rhode Island">RI</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#5FD170;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._La_Follette_Jr." title="Robert M. La Follette Jr.">Robert M. La Follette Jr.</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Progressive_Party" title="Wisconsin Progressive Party">Progressive</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Wisconsin" title="List of United States senators from Wisconsin">WI</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#B63434;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Miles_Poindexter" title="Miles Poindexter">Miles Poindexter</a> (<a href="/wiki/Progressive_Party_(United_States,_1912%E2%80%931920)" class="mw-redirect" title="Progressive Party (United States, 1912–1920)">Progressive</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Washington" title="List of United States senators from Washington">WA</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;">Independents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harry_F._Byrd_Jr." title="Harry F. Byrd Jr.">Harry F. Byrd Jr.</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from Virginia">VA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Davis_(Supreme_Court_justice)" title="David Davis (Supreme Court justice)">David Davis</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">IL</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Hale" title="John P. Hale">John P. Hale</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Hampshire" title="List of United States senators from New Hampshire">NH</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Jeffords" title="Jim Jeffords">Jim Jeffords</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Vermont" title="List of United States senators from Vermont">VT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angus_King" title="Angus King">Angus King</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maine" title="List of United States senators from Maine">ME</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Lieberman" title="Joe Lieberman">Joe Lieberman</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Connecticut" title="List of United States senators from Connecticut">CT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Manchin" title="Joe Manchin">Joe Manchin</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_West_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from West Virginia">WV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Morse" title="Wayne Morse">Wayne Morse</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Oregon" title="List of United States senators from Oregon">OR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Norris" title="George W. Norris">George W. Norris</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nebraska" title="List of United States senators from Nebraska">NE</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Vermont" title="List of United States senators from Vermont">VT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrsten_Sinema" title="Kyrsten Sinema">Kyrsten Sinema</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Arizona" title="List of United States senators from Arizona">AZ</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Smith_(New_Hampshire_politician)" title="Bob Smith (New Hampshire politician)">Bob Smith</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Hampshire" title="List of United States senators from New Hampshire">NH</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third party (U.S. politics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_United_States_elections" title="List of third-party and independent performances in United States elections">Notable third-party performances in United States elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Minnesota&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_74th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)190" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Minnesota&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_74th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)190" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>'s delegation(s) to the 74th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congresses</a> <span class="nowrap">(ordered by seniority)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/74th_United_States_Congress" title="74th United States Congress">74th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#66FF99;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Shipstead" title="Henrik Shipstead">H. Shipstead</a> (FL)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Schall" title="Thomas D. Schall"><i>T. Schall</i></a> (R)<br /></li> <li><span style="color:#66FF99;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Austin_Benson" class="mw-redirect" title="Elmer Austin Benson"><i>E. Benson</i></a> (FL)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Guy_V._Howard" title="Guy V. Howard"><i>G. Howard</i></a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States representatives from Minnesota">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Harold_Knutson" title="Harold Knutson">H. Knutson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/August_H._Andresen" title="August H. Andresen">A. Andresen</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#66FF99;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Paul_John_Kvale" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul John Kvale">P. Kvale</a> (FL)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Melvin_Maas" title="Melvin Maas">M. Maas</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#66FF99;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lundeen" title="Ernest Lundeen">E. Lundeen</a> (FL)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Alvin_Pittenger" title="William Alvin Pittenger">W. Pittenger</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Christianson" title="Theodore Christianson">T. Christianson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#66FF99;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Rich_T._Buckler" title="Rich T. Buckler">R. Buckler</a> (FL)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Ryan" title="Elmer Ryan">E. Ryan</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q440203#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1064" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q440203#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1064" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q440203#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000021504030">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/52997513">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1446543/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJkMCP8W7WdKTw4cPVQg8C">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1196707200">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80145635">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000389">US Congress</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6g746dz">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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