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class="sidebar-toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sidebar-toc-label" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc"> <div id="sidebar-toc-label" class="sidebar-toc-header"> <p class="sidebar-toc-title"> Contents <button class="vector-toc-uncollapse-button">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-toc-collapse-button">hide</button> </p> </div> <ul class="sidebar-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-1"> <a href="#top-page" class="sidebar-toc-link"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-System_emulation" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-1"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#System_emulation"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1</span>System emulation</div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-System_emulation-sublist" class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand mw-ui-icon-small sidebar-toc-toggle"> Toggle System emulation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-System_emulation-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Removed_features_and_incompatible_changes" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Removed_features_and_incompatible_changes"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.1</span>Removed features and incompatible changes</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Removed_features_and_incompatible_changes-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_deprecated_options_and_features" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#New_deprecated_options_and_features"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.2</span>New deprecated options and features</div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_deprecated_options_and_features-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-68k" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#68k"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.3</span>68k</div> </a> <ul id="toc-68k-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alpha" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Alpha"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.4</span>Alpha</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alpha-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arm" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Arm"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.5</span>Arm</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arm-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-AVR" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#AVR"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.6</span>AVR</div> </a> <ul id="toc-AVR-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hexagon" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Hexagon"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.7</span>Hexagon</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hexagon-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-HPPA" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#HPPA"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.8</span>HPPA</div> </a> <ul id="toc-HPPA-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LoongArch" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#LoongArch"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.9</span>LoongArch</div> </a> <ul id="toc-LoongArch-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ISA_and_Extensions" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#ISA_and_Extensions"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.9.1</span>ISA and Extensions</div> </a> <ul id="toc-ISA_and_Extensions-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Machines" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Machines"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.9.2</span>Machines</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Machines-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Microblaze" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Microblaze"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.10</span>Microblaze</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Microblaze-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-MIPS" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#MIPS"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.11</span>MIPS</div> </a> <ul id="toc-MIPS-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nios2" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Nios2"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.12</span>Nios2</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nios2-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-OpenRISC" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#OpenRISC"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.13</span>OpenRISC</div> </a> <ul id="toc-OpenRISC-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-PowerPC" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#PowerPC"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.14</span>PowerPC</div> </a> <ul id="toc-PowerPC-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Renesas_RX" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Renesas_RX"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.15</span>Renesas RX</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Renesas_RX-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Renesas_SH" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Renesas_SH"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.16</span>Renesas SH</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Renesas_SH-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-RISC-V" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#RISC-V"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.17</span>RISC-V</div> </a> <ul id="toc-RISC-V-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ISA_and_Extensions_2" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#ISA_and_Extensions_2"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.17.1</span>ISA and Extensions</div> </a> <ul id="toc-ISA_and_Extensions_2-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Machines_2" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Machines_2"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.17.2</span>Machines</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Machines_2-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fixes_and_Misc" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Fixes_and_Misc"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.17.3</span>Fixes and Misc</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fixes_and_Misc-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-s390x" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#s390x"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.18</span>s390x</div> </a> <ul id="toc-s390x-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SPARC" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#SPARC"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.19</span>SPARC</div> </a> <ul id="toc-SPARC-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tricore" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Tricore"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.20</span>Tricore</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tricore-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-x86" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#x86"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.21</span>x86</div> </a> <ul id="toc-x86-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Xen_emulation_under_KVM" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Xen_emulation_under_KVM"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.21.1</span>Xen emulation under KVM</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Xen_emulation_under_KVM-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TCG" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#TCG"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.21.2</span>TCG</div> </a> <ul id="toc-TCG-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Known_issues" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Known_issues"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.21.3</span>Known issues</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Known_issues-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Xtensa" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Xtensa"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.22</span>Xtensa</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Xtensa-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Device_emulation_and_assignment" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Device_emulation_and_assignment"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23</span>Device emulation and assignment</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Device_emulation_and_assignment-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ACPI_/_SMBIOS" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#ACPI_/_SMBIOS"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.1</span>ACPI / SMBIOS</div> </a> <ul id="toc-ACPI_/_SMBIOS-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Audio" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Audio"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.2</span>Audio</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Audio-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Block_devices" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Block_devices"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.3</span>Block devices</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Block_devices-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Graphics" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Graphics"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.4</span>Graphics</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Graphics-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hyper-V" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Hyper-V"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.5</span>Hyper-V</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hyper-V-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-I2C" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#I2C"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.6</span>I2C</div> </a> <ul id="toc-I2C-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Input_devices" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Input_devices"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.7</span>Input devices</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Input_devices-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IPMI" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#IPMI"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.8</span>IPMI</div> </a> <ul id="toc-IPMI-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Multi-process_QEMU" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Multi-process_QEMU"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.9</span>Multi-process QEMU</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Multi-process_QEMU-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Network_devices" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Network_devices"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.10</span>Network devices</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Network_devices-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-NVDIMM" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#NVDIMM"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.11</span>NVDIMM</div> </a> <ul id="toc-NVDIMM-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-NVMe" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#NVMe"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.12</span>NVMe</div> </a> <ul id="toc-NVMe-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-PCI/PCIe" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#PCI/PCIe"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.13</span>PCI/PCIe</div> </a> <ul id="toc-PCI/PCIe-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SCSI" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#SCSI"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.14</span>SCSI</div> </a> <ul id="toc-SCSI-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SD_card" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#SD_card"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.15</span>SD card</div> </a> <ul id="toc-SD_card-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SMBIOS" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#SMBIOS"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.16</span>SMBIOS</div> </a> <ul id="toc-SMBIOS-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TPM" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#TPM"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.17</span>TPM</div> </a> <ul id="toc-TPM-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-UFS" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#UFS"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.18</span>UFS</div> </a> <ul id="toc-UFS-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-USB" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#USB"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.19</span>USB</div> </a> <ul id="toc-USB-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-VFIO" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#VFIO"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.20</span>VFIO</div> </a> <ul id="toc-VFIO-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-virtio" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#virtio"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.21</span>virtio</div> </a> <ul id="toc-virtio-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-vDPA" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#vDPA"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.22</span>vDPA</div> </a> <ul id="toc-vDPA-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Xen" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Xen"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.23</span>Xen</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Xen-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-fw_cfg" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#fw_cfg"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.24</span>fw_cfg</div> </a> <ul id="toc-fw_cfg-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-9pfs" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#9pfs"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.25</span>9pfs</div> </a> <ul id="toc-9pfs-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-virtiofs" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#virtiofs"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.26</span>virtiofs</div> </a> <ul id="toc-virtiofs-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Semihosting" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Semihosting"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.23.27</span>Semihosting</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Semihosting-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Audio_2" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Audio_2"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.24</span>Audio</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Audio_2-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Character_devices" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Character_devices"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.25</span>Character devices</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Character_devices-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crypto_subsystem" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Crypto_subsystem"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.26</span>Crypto subsystem</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crypto_subsystem-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Authorization_subsystem" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Authorization_subsystem"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.27</span>Authorization subsystem</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Authorization_subsystem-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-GUI" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#GUI"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.28</span>GUI</div> </a> <ul id="toc-GUI-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-GDBStub" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#GDBStub"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.29</span>GDBStub</div> </a> <ul id="toc-GDBStub-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TCG_Plugins" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#TCG_Plugins"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.30</span>TCG Plugins</div> </a> <ul id="toc-TCG_Plugins-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Host_support" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Host_support"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.31</span>Host support</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Host_support-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Memory_backends" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Memory_backends"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.32</span>Memory backends</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Memory_backends-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Migration" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Migration"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.33</span>Migration</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Migration-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monitor" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Monitor"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.34</span>Monitor</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monitor-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> <li id="toc-QMP" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#QMP"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.34.1</span>QMP</div> </a> <ul id="toc-QMP-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-HMP" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-3"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#HMP"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.34.2</span>HMP</div> </a> <ul id="toc-HMP-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Network" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Network"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.35</span>Network</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Network-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Block_device_backends_and_tools" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Block_device_backends_and_tools"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.36</span>Block device backends and tools</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Block_device_backends_and_tools-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tracing" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Tracing"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.37</span>Tracing</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tracing-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Semihosting_2" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Semihosting_2"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.38</span>Semihosting</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Semihosting_2-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Miscellaneous" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Miscellaneous"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">1.39</span>Miscellaneous</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Miscellaneous-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-User-mode_emulation" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-1"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#User-mode_emulation"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">2</span>User-mode emulation</div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-User-mode_emulation-sublist" class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand mw-ui-icon-small sidebar-toc-toggle"> Toggle User-mode emulation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-User-mode_emulation-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> <li id="toc-runtime" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#runtime"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">2.1</span>runtime</div> </a> <ul id="toc-runtime-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-binfmt_misc" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#binfmt_misc"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">2.2</span>binfmt_misc</div> </a> <ul id="toc-binfmt_misc-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-alpha_2" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#alpha_2"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">2.3</span>alpha</div> </a> <ul id="toc-alpha_2-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-arm/arm64/aarch64" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#arm/arm64/aarch64"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">2.4</span>arm/arm64/aarch64</div> </a> <ul id="toc-arm/arm64/aarch64-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LoongArch_2" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#LoongArch_2"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">2.5</span>LoongArch</div> </a> <ul id="toc-LoongArch_2-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-HPPA_2" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#HPPA_2"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">2.6</span>HPPA</div> </a> <ul id="toc-HPPA_2-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-s390" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#s390"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">2.7</span>s390</div> </a> <ul id="toc-s390-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-x86_2" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#x86_2"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">2.8</span>x86</div> </a> <ul id="toc-x86_2-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TCG_backends" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-1"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#TCG_backends"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">3</span>TCG backends</div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-TCG_backends-sublist" class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand mw-ui-icon-small sidebar-toc-toggle"> Toggle TCG backends subsection </button> <ul id="toc-TCG_backends-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> <li id="toc-RISC-V_2" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#RISC-V_2"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">3.1</span>RISC-V</div> </a> <ul id="toc-RISC-V_2-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guest_agent" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-1"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Guest_agent"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">4</span>Guest agent</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guest_agent-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Build_Information" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-1"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Build_Information"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">5</span>Build Information</div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Build_Information-sublist" class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand mw-ui-icon-small sidebar-toc-toggle"> Toggle Build Information subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Build_Information-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Build_Dependencies" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Build_Dependencies"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">5.1</span>Build Dependencies</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Build_Dependencies-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Docker_Tweaks" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Docker_Tweaks"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">5.2</span>Docker Tweaks</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Docker_Tweaks-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Windows" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Windows"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">5.3</span>Windows</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Windows-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Testing_and_CI" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-2"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Testing_and_CI"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">5.4</span>Testing and CI</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Testing_and_CI-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Known_issues_2" class="sidebar-toc-list-item sidebar-toc-level-1"> <a class="sidebar-toc-link" href="#Known_issues_2"> <div class="sidebar-toc-text"> <span class="sidebar-toc-numb">6</span>Known issues</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Known_issues_2-sublist" class="sidebar-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main 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Use "whpx" or "hvf" respectively on Windows and macOS.</li> <li>The old machine types pc-i440fx-1.4 to pc-i440fx-1.7 have been removed; use a newer machine type instead</li> <li>In addition to <tt>-audiodev</tt> and <tt>-audio</tt>, QEMU does not create default audio backends anymore if the <tt>-nodefaults</tt> option are used on the command line.</li> <li>If an audio backend is created with <tt>-audiodev</tt>, each audio client (a sound card or VNC) that wants to use it has to specify an <tt>audiodev=</tt> property. Previously, the first audiodev command line option would be used as a fallback. However <tt>-audio</tt> can now be used to configure one or more default audio backends, in lieu of the (deprecated and now removed) <tt>QEMU_AUDIO_*</tt> environment variables.</li> <li>Running QEMU with KVM requires Linux 4.4 or newer. A future version of QEMU will increase the minimum requirement for Arm hosts to Linux 4.19 (also when running KVM); if this is too restrictive for your use case, please contact us at qemu-devel@nongnu.org.</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="New_deprecated_options_and_features">New deprecated options and features</span></h3> <p>Consult the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/about/deprecated.html">"Deprecated Features"</a> chapter of the QEMU System Emulation User's Guide for further details of the deprecations and their suggested replacements. </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="68k">68k</span></h3> <ul><li>The Macintosh Quadra 800 (q800) emulation now can boot: <ul><li>MacOS 7.1 - 8.1, with or without virtual memory enabled</li> <li>A/UX 3.0.1</li> <li>NetBSD 9.3</li> <li>Linux (via EMILE)</li></ul></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Alpha">Alpha</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Arm">Arm</span></h3> <ul><li>The following machines support the new <tt>audiodev</tt> property: integratorcp, musicpal, n800, n810, realview-eb, realview-eb-mpcore, realview-pb-a8, realview-pbx-a9, akita, borzoi, spitz, terrier, versatilepb, versatileab, vexpress-a9, vexpress-a15, xlnx-zcu102 z2</li> <li>Xilinx Versal board now models the CFU/CFI</li> <li>Xilinx Versal board now models the TRNG device</li> <li>New CPU types: <ul><li>cortex-a710</li> <li>neoverse-n2</li></ul></li> <li>New architectural features now emulated: <ul><li>FEAT_PACQARMA3</li> <li>FEAT_EPAC</li> <li>FEAT_Pauth2</li> <li>FEAT_FPAC</li> <li>FEAT_FPACCOMBINE</li> <li>FEAT_TIDCP1</li> <li>FEAT_MOPS</li> <li>FEAT_HBC</li> <li>FEAT_HPMN0</li></ul></li> <li>The SMMUv3 now advertises the SMMUv3.1-XNX feature</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="AVR">AVR</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Hexagon">Hexagon</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="HPPA">HPPA</span></h3> <ul><li>New 64-bit PA-RISC 2.0 CPU emulation, enable with "-cpu hppa64" and "-cpu hppa" for 32-bit CPU (default)</li> <li>New HP C3700 machine emulation, includes an emulated Astro memory controller and four Elroy PCI bridges</li> <li>Start 64-bit machine with "-machine C3700" and 32-bit CPU with "-machine B160L"</li> <li>Improved TLB performance</li> <li>Block-TLB (BTLB) support for 32-bit PA-RISC CPUs</li> <li>New SeaBIOS-hppa version 12 to support HP C3000 with Astro & Elroy</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="LoongArch">LoongArch</span></h3> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="ISA_and_Extensions">ISA and Extensions</span></h4> <ul><li>Implement LASX extension</li> <li>Implement PRELDX instruction</li> <li>Allow user enable/disable LSX/LASX features</li> <li>Add avail_XXX functions to check XXX instruction</li> <li>Fix ASXE flag conflict</li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Machines">Machines</span></h4> <ul><li>Support LoongArch32 cpu la132</li> <li>Support cpu model 'max'</li> <li>Support 4K page size</li> <li>Implement query-cpu-model-expansion</li> <li>Remove unused 'loongarch_virt_pm' region</li> <li>Remove unused ISA Bus</li> <li>Remove unused ISA UART</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Microblaze">Microblaze</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="MIPS">MIPS</span></h3> <ul><li>The <tt>fuloong2e</tt> machine supports the new <tt>audiodev</tt> property.</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Nios2">Nios2</span></h3> <ul><li>signal tests disabled due to bitrot</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="OpenRISC">OpenRISC</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="PowerPC">PowerPC</span></h3> <ul><li>The <tt>pegasos2</tt> and <tt>40p</tt> machines support the new <tt>audiodev</tt> property.</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Renesas_RX">Renesas RX</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Renesas_SH">Renesas SH</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="RISC-V">RISC-V</span></h3> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="ISA_and_Extensions_2">ISA and Extensions</span></h4> <ul><li>Add zmmul isa string</li> <li>Add smepmp isa string</li> <li>Add RISC-V vector cryptographic instruction set support</li> <li>Implement WARL behaviour for mcountinhibit/mcounteren</li> <li>Add Zihintntl extension ISA string to DTS</li> <li>Fix zfa fleq.d and fltq.d</li> <li>Add RISC-V KVM AIA Support</li> <li>Fix riscv,pmu DT node path in the virt machine</li> <li>Update CSR bits name for svadu extension</li> <li>Mark zicond non-experimental</li> <li>Align the AIA model to v1.0 ratified spec</li> <li>Use env_archcpu for better performance</li> <li>Rename ext_icboz to ext_zicboz</li> <li>Rename ext_icbom to ext_zicbom</li> <li>Rename ext_icsr to ext_zicsr</li> <li>Rename ext_ifencei to ext_zifencei</li> <li>Add RISC-V Virtual IRQs and IRQ filtering support</li> <li>Rename epmp to smepmp and expose the extension</li> <li>Support zicntr/zihpm flags and disable support</li> <li>Update RISC-V vector crypto to ratified v1.0.0</li> <li>Support discontinuous PMU counters</li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Machines_2">Machines</span></h4> <ul><li>Remove 'host' CPU from TCG</li> <li>riscv_htif Fixup printing on big endian hosts</li> <li>Add support for the max CPU</li> <li>Detect user choice in TCG</li> <li>Remove RVG warning</li> <li>Change default linux-user cpu to 'max'</li> <li>Update 'virt' machine core limit</li> <li>Add query-cpu-model-expansion API</li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Fixes_and_Misc">Fixes and Misc</span></h4> <ul><li>Fix page_check_range use in fault-only-first</li> <li>Fix upper/lower mtime write calculation</li> <li>Make rtc variable names consistent</li> <li>Use abi type for linux-user target_ucontext</li> <li>Fix satp_mode_finalize() when satp_mode.supported = 0</li> <li>Fix non-KVM --enable-debug build</li> <li>Add new extensions to hwprobe</li> <li>Use accelerated helper for AES64KS1I</li> <li>Allocate itrigger timers only once</li> <li>Respect mseccfg.RLB for pmpaddrX changes</li> <li>Don't read the CSR in riscv_csrrw_do64</li> <li>Clear CSR values at reset and sync MPSTATE with host</li> <li>Fix the typo of inverted order of pmpaddr13 and pmpaddr14</li> <li>Replace GDB exit calls with proper shutdown</li> <li>Support KVM_GET_REG_LIST</li> <li>Deprecate capital 'Z' CPU properties</li> <li>Fix vfwmaccbf16.vf</li> <li>Clear pmp/smepmp bits on reset</li> <li>Ignore pmp writes when RW=01</li> <li>Correct CSR_MSECCFG operations</li> <li>Clear the Ibex/OpenTitan SPI interrupts even if disabled</li> <li>Set the OpenTitan priv to 1.12.0</li> <li>Add Zicboz block size to hwprobe</li> <li>Create the virt machine FDT before machine init is complete</li> <li>Don't verify ISA compatibility for zicntr and zihpm</li> <li>Fix SiFive E CLINT clock frequency</li> <li>Fix invalid exception on MMU translation stage</li> <li>Fix mxr bit behavior</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="s390x">s390x</span></h3> <ul><li>Emulated VFMIN and VFMAX instructions now correctly raise a specification exceptions when bits 1-3 of M5 are set</li> <li>Fixed emulated VSTL instruction with a large length</li> <li>Fixed emulated VREP instruction to use a 16-bit immediate</li> <li>Fixed the "ignored match" case in the emulated VSTRS instruction</li> <li>Enable crypto adapter passthrough (vfio-ap) for protected virtualization guests</li> <li>Support s390x CPU topology (books and drawers, STSI 15.1.x instruction, PTF instruction) with KVM</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="SPARC">SPARC</span></h3> <ul><li>Convert instruction translator to use decodetree</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Tricore">Tricore</span></h3> <ul><li>Added TC37x CPU that implements ISA v1.6.2</li> <li>Added CRCN, FTOU, FTOHP, and HPTOF instructions</li> <li>Fixed RCPW/RRPW_INSERT instructions for width=0</li> <li>Fixed RCRR_INSERT using the wrong destination register</li> <li>Fixed FTOUZ being only available from ISA v1.3.1 upwards</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="x86">x86</span></h3> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Xen_emulation_under_KVM">Xen emulation under KVM</span></h4> <ul><li>Support PV console and network devices.</li> <li>Bug fixes to support running Xen PV guests under "shim", documented in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/system/i386/xen.html">"Xen HVM guest support"</a> page.</li> <li>Simplify command line for block and network devices.</li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="TCG">TCG</span></h4> <ul><li>Support for SHA instructions.</li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Known_issues">Known issues</span></h4> <ul><li>[since 8.1] Windows German version might fail to recognize NIC, for possible workaround[s] see: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu/-/issues/774">https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu/-/issues/774</a></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Xtensa">Xtensa</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Device_emulation_and_assignment">Device emulation and assignment</span></h3> <h4><span id="ACPI_.2F_SMBIOS"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="ACPI_/_SMBIOS">ACPI / SMBIOS</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Audio">Audio</span></h4> <ul><li><span id="virtio-sound"></span>Added virtio-sound device which implements capture and playback from inside a guest using the configured audio backend of the host machine. It is documented in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/system/devices/virtio-snd.html">"Device Emulation / virtio sound"</a> page.</li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Block_devices">Block devices</span></h4> <ul><li>Parallels Format Driver <ul><li>Improved 'qemu-img check' facility <ul><li>Recover from broken data_off in the header</li> <li>Drop clusters outside of the image file</li> <li>De-duplicate clusters located on the same offset in the host file</li></ul></li> <li>Introduced ability to execute check automatically (if disk image is opened in read/write mode) if corruption is detected by open</li> <li>Cluster allocation is now based on the cluster used bitmap (clusters could be allocated in holes inside image file)</li> <li>Minimal DISCARD & WRITE_ZEROES support</li></ul></li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Graphics">Graphics</span></h4> <ul><li>New virtio-gpu <b>rutabaga</b> device. It allows various abstractions of GPU and display virtualization, coming from the Android/CrosVM graphical stack <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://crosvm.dev/book/appendix/rutabaga_gfx.html">Rutabaga doc</a>. This should help <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/emulator">Android Emulator</a> use upstream QEMU, and offers alternative solutions (or context types) than <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.mesa3d.org/drivers/virgl/">virgl</a>.</li> <li>ati-vga pixman-less support and fixes</li> <li>virtio-gpu blob=true VM can now be migrated</li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Hyper-V">Hyper-V</span></h4> <ul><li>New Hyper-V Dynamic Memory protocol device <b>hv-balloon</b>. This driver is like <b>virtio-balloon</b> on steroids for Windows guests: it allows both changing the guest memory allocation via ballooning and inserting pieces of extra RAM into it on demand from a provided memory backend via Windows-native Dynamic Memory protocol.</li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="I2C">I2C</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Input_devices">Input devices</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="IPMI">IPMI</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Multi-process_QEMU">Multi-process QEMU</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Network_devices">Network devices</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="NVDIMM">NVDIMM</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="NVMe">NVMe</span></h4> <h4><span id="PCI.2FPCIe"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="PCI/PCIe">PCI/PCIe</span></h4> <ul><li>Added Astro Memory controller with Elroy PCI host busses for PA-RISC (hppa) machines</li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="SCSI">SCSI</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="SD_card">SD card</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="SMBIOS">SMBIOS</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="TPM">TPM</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="UFS">UFS</span></h4> <ul><li>Support for UFS emulation through the new ufs, ufs-lu devices based on spec version v3.1</li> <li>Support for multiple logical units through the ufs-lu  device</li> <li>Support for UFS initialisation</li> <li>Support for SCSI commands including read/write.</li> <li>Support for query request commands</li> <li>Typical usage:</li></ul> <pre>-drive file=<file>,if=none,id=<drive_id> -device ufs,serial=<serial>,id=<bus_name>, nutrs=<N[optional]>,nutmrs=<N[optional]> -device ufs-lu,drive=<drive_id>,bus=<bus_name> </pre> <p><br /> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="USB">USB</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="VFIO">VFIO</span></h4> <ul><li>P2P support for VFIO migration</li> <li>Removal of NVIDIA V100 GPU with NVLink2 support (PPC)</li> <li>Dynamic MSI-X allocation support</li> <li>ramfb migration support</li> <li>Support for non 64b IOVA space</li> <li>Preparatory changes for new IOMMUFD backend</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="virtio">virtio</span></h4> <ul><li>virtio-mem now supports to dynamically consume multiple memslots instead of statically a single big one. The feature can be enabled using "dynamic-memslots=on", which can severely reduce KVM memory slot metadata overhead with large virtio-mem devices that only expose a small amount of memory to the VM. Note that the feature is incompatible with vhost devices that provide less than 509 memslots, like most vhost-user devices.</li> <li>Added virtio-sound device. See <a href="/ChangeLog/8.2#virtio-sound" title="ChangeLog/8.2">Audio section/virtio-sound</a></li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="vDPA">vDPA</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Xen">Xen</span></h4> <ul><li>Support PV unplug for AHCI disks with the q35 platform.</li> <li>Allow creation of PV console devices from the command line.</li> <li>Allow creation of PV network devices, including '<tt>-nic xxx,model=xen-net-device</tt>' and the default NIC.</li> <li>Support '<tt>-drive file=FILENAME,if=xen</tt>' for creating PV block devices with automatic names.</li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="fw_cfg">fw_cfg</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="9pfs">9pfs</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="virtiofs">virtiofs</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Semihosting">Semihosting</span></h4> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Audio_2">Audio</span></h3> <ul><li>Added virtio-sound device. See <a href="/ChangeLog/8.2#virtio-sound" title="ChangeLog/8.2">Audio section/virtio-sound</a></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Character_devices">Character devices</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Crypto_subsystem">Crypto subsystem</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Authorization_subsystem">Authorization subsystem</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="GUI">GUI</span></h3> <ul><li>cocoa: add zoom-to-fit display option</li> <li>gtk: various minor fixes</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="GDBStub">GDBStub</span></h3> <ul><li>fixes cases where wrong threads were reported to gdb</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="TCG_Plugins">TCG Plugins</span></h3> <ul><li>fix bug in reporting too many instructions to qemu_plugin_tb_n_insns()</li> <li>fix locking on execlog</li> <li>windows support</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Host_support">Host support</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Memory_backends">Memory backends</span></h3> <ul><li>memory-backend-file now supports the "rom" parameter. "share=off,readonly=off,rom=on" can be used for VM-templating with R/O files: open the file R/O, but create writable RAM instead of Read Only Memory (ROM).</li> <li>"VM templating" documentation was added</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Migration">Migration</span></h3> <ul><li>Legacy compression migration is deprecated ("compress" as capability, "compress-level", "compress-threads", "compress-wait-thread", "decompress-threads" as parameters). Suggest to use multifd compression instead.</li> <li>Block migration is deprecated. QMP command "migrate" parameters "blk" and "inc" are deprecated. Suggest to use driver-mirror with NBD instead.</li> <li>Fixed race conditions for postcopy migration when preempt mode is enabled.</li> <li>Postcopy recovery now allows network failure to happen even during RECOVER phase.</li> <li>Added migration parameter "avail-switchover-bandwidth" migration parameter, can be used when the user observes extremely slow bandwidth during migration, causing migration to never complete.</li> <li>Initial part of migration mode "cpr-reboot" integrated.</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Monitor">Monitor</span></h3> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="QMP">QMP</span></h4> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="HMP">HMP</span></h4> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Network">Network</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Block_device_backends_and_tools">Block device backends and tools</span></h3> <ul><li>The qemu NBD implementation for both server and client now supports the recent NBD protocol extension of 64-bit extended headers. When both sides of an NBD connection support this extension, commands like write zeroes or block status can operate on 64-bit effect lengths, rather than being capped to transaction sizes smaller than 4G.</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Tracing">Tracing</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Semihosting_2">Semihosting</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Miscellaneous">Miscellaneous</span></h3> <ul><li>Allow <b>dump-guest-memory</b> to output <b>standard kdump</b> format</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="User-mode_emulation">User-mode emulation</span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="runtime">runtime</span></h3> <p>Since this release, qemu linux-user implements and provides vdso for most popular architectures. </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="binfmt_misc">binfmt_misc</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="alpha_2">alpha</span></h3> <ul><li>Emulated /proc/cpuinfo output in linux-user</li></ul> <h3><span id="arm.2Farm64.2Faarch64"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="arm/arm64/aarch64">arm/arm64/aarch64</span></h3> <ul><li>Emulated /proc/cpuinfo output in linux-user</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="LoongArch_2">LoongArch</span></h3> <ul><li>Support LASX/LSA sigcontext save and restore</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="HPPA_2">HPPA</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="s390">s390</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="x86_2">x86</span></h3> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="TCG_backends">TCG backends</span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="RISC-V_2">RISC-V</span></h3> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Guest_agent">Guest agent</span></h2> <ul><li>Updated docs about `guest-exec` command results</li> <li>Fixed memory leak in `guest-exec`</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Build_Information">Build Information</span></h2> <ul><li>Coding style has been updated to allow loop variables</li> <li>It is possible to build a non-relocatable binary of QEMU with the configure option <tt>--disable-relocatable</tt>. The default remains a relocatable install (that is, all the directories within the install prefix are computed based on the path to the executable).</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Build_Dependencies">Build Dependencies</span></h3> <ul><li>Building QEMU now requires Python 3.8. As a consequence, building on Debian 10 is not supported anymore (unless a newer version of Python is installed by other means).</li> <li>Building QEMU now uses the tomli library if Python is older than version 3.11. However, version 2.0.1 is bundled in case tomli is not installed on the host.</li> <li>The libfdt library is no longer bundled with QEMU. However, if QEMU is configured with --enable-download and the library is absent, then it will be downloaded and built together if any emulators need it.</li> <li>The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pixman.org/">Pixman</a> library is no longer strictly required. The VC, VNC, Gtk, Spice, screendump features and a few devices still require it.</li> <li>When running <tt>make check-avocado</tt>, the Avocado testing framework and pycdlib must be present if the build tree was configured with <tt>--disable-download</tt>. Until 8.1, Avocado was always downloaded from PyPI.</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Docker_Tweaks">Docker Tweaks</span></h3> <ul><li>debian-i686 replaces fedora-i386 for 32 bit x86 cross builds</li> <li>debian-am64 and debian-native merged into a common debian container built from lcitool for latest deps</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Windows">Windows</span></h3> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Testing_and_CI">Testing and CI</span></h3> <ul><li>ccache has been enabled for CI builds</li> <li>container backend is now selected by configure script</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Known_issues_2">Known issues</span></h2> <ul><li>See <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu/-/milestones/10">https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu/-/milestones/10</a></li></ul>    </div> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://wiki.qemu.org/index.php?title=ChangeLog/8.2&oldid=11566">https://wiki.qemu.org/index.php?title=ChangeLog/8.2&oldid=11566</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" role="contentinfo" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 18 December 2023, at 13:57.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/fdl-1.2.txt">GNU Free Documentation License 1.2</a>.<br />QEMU is a trademark of Fabrice Bellard.<br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/QEMU:About">About QEMU</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/fdl-1.2.txt"><img src="/resources/assets/licenses/gnu-fdl.png" alt="GNU Free Documentation License 1.2" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"/></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/"><img src="/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki_88x31.png" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" srcset="/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"/></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.048","walltime":"0.098","ppvisitednodes":{"value":287,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":2,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":100},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"timingprofile":["100.00% 0.000 1 -total"]},"cachereport":{"timestamp":"20250410122715","ttl":86400,"transientcontent":false}}});mw.config.set({"wgBackendResponseTime":140});});</script> </body> </html>