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Individual editors may request <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IP_block_exemption" title="Wikipedia:IP block exemption">IP block exemption</a> if they wish to contribute from the blocked IP addresses. </p> <dl><dd><i>Passed 10 to 1</i> at 13:31, 28 May 2009 (UTC)</dd></dl> <hr /> <p>Church of Scientology edits to Wikipedia led to a ban on editing the entire website from the organization's computers.<sup id="cite_ref-matthewmoore_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-matthewmoore-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-religionnewsservice_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-religionnewsservice-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> </div> <p>A series of incidents in 2009 led to <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology" title="Church of Scientology">Church of Scientology</a>–owned networks being <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">blocked</a> from making edits to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> articles relating to <a href="/wiki/Scientology" title="Scientology">Scientology</a>. The Church of Scientology has long had a <a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_the_Internet" title="Scientology and the Internet">controversial history on the Internet</a> and had initiated campaigns to manipulate material and remove information critical of itself from the web. From early in <a href="/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia" title="History of Wikipedia">Wikipedia's history</a>, conflict arose regarding the website's coverage of Scientology. Disputes began in earnest in 2005, with users disagreeing about whether or not to describe Scientology as an abusive <a href="/wiki/Cult" title="Cult">cult</a> or <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religion</a>, and continued through the decade.<sup id="cite_ref-mickbrown_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mickbrown-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/WikiScanner" title="WikiScanner">WikiScanner</a>, a publicly searchable database that linked anonymous edits on Wikipedia to the organizations where those edits apparently originated, made public the nature of edits on Wikipedia which were able to be traced directly back to Church of Scientology-controlled computers. News organizations reported that edits linked to the Church of Scientology were made to remove criticism from the main Scientology article, to downplay connections between Scientology and the <a href="/wiki/New_Cult_Awareness_Network" title="New Cult Awareness Network">New Cult Awareness Network</a>, and to add links to Scientology-affiliated groups such as the <a href="/wiki/Citizens_Commission_on_Human_Rights" title="Citizens Commission on Human Rights">Citizens Commission on Human Rights</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lischka_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lischka-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2009, a case involving Scientology was brought before Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Arbitration_Committee_(Wikipedia)" title="Arbitration Committee (Wikipedia)">Arbitration Committee</a>. Wikipedia <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_administrators" title="Wikipedia administrators">administrators</a> presented evidence during the case that Church of Scientology-controlled computers were used to promote the organization, using multiple user accounts. One user, going by the <a href="/wiki/Pseudonym" title="Pseudonym">pseudonym</a> "COFS", admitted this pattern of editing and stated the edits from Scientology computers would continue. In May 2009, the Arbitration Committee decided to restrict editing from <a href="/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address">IP addresses</a> belonging to the Church of Scientology to prevent biased edits. The decision meant that Church of Scientology-controlled IP addresses received the same blockable status as <a href="/wiki/Open_proxy" title="Open proxy">open proxies</a> on the site. Many Scientology critics were also banned; the committee concluded that both sides had "gamed policy" and resorted to "battlefield tactics", with articles on living persons being the "worst casualties" of edits.<sup id="cite_ref-Huff_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Huff-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wikipediabars_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikipediabars-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 7 January 2022, the rule of IP addresses owned by Scientology being blocked as if they were open proxies was lifted.<sup id="cite_ref-arca_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arca-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Arbitration Committee member Roger Davies wrote the majority of the decision, and commented to <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> that due to the controversial nature of the case, the decision was crafted so as not to focus directly upon any particular individual.<sup id="cite_ref-noamcohen_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noamcohen-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Statements from Church of Scientology spokeswoman <a href="/wiki/Karin_Pouw" title="Karin Pouw">Karin Pouw</a> labelled the arbitration ruling as a routine matter and maintained there were still "gross inaccuracies" on the Scientology article.<sup id="cite_ref-macmillan_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-macmillan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a statement to <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>, Pouw denied the presence of an organized campaign by the Church of Scientology to manipulate Wikipedia.<sup id="cite_ref-finley_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-finley-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scientology representative <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Davis_(Scientology)" title="Tommy Davis (Scientology)">Tommy Davis</a> emphasized to the <i><a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Petersburg Times">St. Petersburg Times</a></i> that users critical of the organization were also banned, and similarly denied that Church of Scientology leadership arranged a campaign to manipulate entries on Wikipedia.<sup id="cite_ref-brassfield_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brassfield-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_the_Internet" title="Scientology and the Internet">Scientology and the Internet</a></div> <p>The Church of Scientology has a controversial history on the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-propagandarow_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-propagandarow-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been criticized for attempting to restrict <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">freedom of speech</a> on the Internet; this conflict has come to be known as <i>Scientology versus the Internet</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-lippard_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lippard-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-streeter_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-streeter-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-leyden_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leyden-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>Scientology v. The Net</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-godwin_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-godwin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-grossmanwar_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grossmanwar-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The organization has attempted to manipulate and maintain power over its public image on the web.<sup id="cite_ref-propagandarow_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-propagandarow-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lippard_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lippard-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early lawsuits involved in this dispute have included <i><a href="/wiki/Religious_Technology_Center_v._Netcom" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious Technology Center v. Netcom">Religious Technology Center v. Netcom</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-godwin_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-godwin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as <i>Religious Technology Center v. F.A.C.T. Net</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Writing in his book, <i><a href="/wiki/Cyber_Rights" title="Cyber Rights">Cyber Rights</a>: Defending Free Speech in the Digital Age</i>, author <a href="/wiki/Mike_Godwin" title="Mike Godwin">Mike Godwin</a> noted, "In one of the earliest widely publicized sets of cases involving intellectual property on the Net, the Church of Scientology has been exploring the uses of copyright and trade secret law when it comes to silencing its critics, many of them former members of the church."<sup id="cite_ref-godwin_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-godwin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> noted, "According to insiders and security experts, Scientologists have been conducting concerted campaigns for more than a decade to remove online information critical of the organisation."<sup id="cite_ref-propagandarow_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-propagandarow-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response to criticism over its actions on the Internet, Scientology has stated its efforts are aimed at defending the <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyrights</a> over its secretive spiritual documents.<sup id="cite_ref-lippard_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lippard-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-streeter_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-streeter-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Legal cases have involved a <a href="/wiki/Newsgroup" class="mw-redirect" title="Newsgroup">newsgroup</a> focused on the topic called <i><a href="/wiki/Alt.religion.scientology" title="Alt.religion.scientology">alt.religion.scientology</a></i>, which revealed information from advanced Scientology methods including the <a href="/wiki/Operating_Thetan" title="Operating Thetan">Operating Thetan</a> (OT) levels that describe the story of <a href="/wiki/Xenu" title="Xenu">Xenu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lippard_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lippard-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-streeter_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-streeter-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1995, attorneys representing the Church of Scientology tried to get <i>alt.religion.scientology</i> removed from <a href="/wiki/Usenet" title="Usenet">Usenet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lippard_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lippard-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-leyden_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leyden-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This <a href="/wiki/Streisand_effect" title="Streisand effect">maneuver had the opposite impact</a> for Scientology, serving to drive up popularity of <i>alt.religion.scientology</i> and resulting in a "declaration of war" from the <a href="/wiki/Hacker_(computer_security)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hacker (computer security)">hacker</a> organization <a href="/wiki/Cult_of_the_Dead_Cow" title="Cult of the Dead Cow">Cult of the Dead Cow</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-leyden_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leyden-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Professor <a href="/wiki/David_S._Touretzky" title="David S. Touretzky">David S. Touretzky</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">computer science</a> department and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition at <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University" title="Carnegie Mellon University">Carnegie Mellon University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a>, Pennsylvania, is a critic of Scientology and proponent of freedom of speech on the Internet.<sup id="cite_ref-streeter_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-streeter-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He noted the Scientology organization was, "trying to threaten freedom of speech on the Internet by making service providers legally responsible for their customers' speech."<sup id="cite_ref-streeter_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-streeter-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Wendy_M._Grossman" title="Wendy M. Grossman">Wendy M. Grossman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Journalist" title="Journalist">journalist</a> and founder of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Skeptic_(UK_magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Skeptic (UK magazine)">The Skeptic</a></i>, observed of Scientology's attempts to suppress information on the Internet: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Scientology versus the Net ... was the original net.war. The story was at heart pretty simple (and the skirmishes continue, in various translations into newer media, to this day). Scientology has a bunch of super-secrets that only the initiates, who have spent many hours in expensive Scientology training, are allowed to see. Scientology's attempts to keep those secrets off the Net resulted in their being published everywhere. The dust has never completely settled.</p><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><p> Three people can keep a secret if two of them are dead, said <a href="/wiki/Mark_Twain" title="Mark Twain">Mark Twain</a>. [actually <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a>] That was before the Internet. Scientology was the first to learn—nearly 15 years ago—that the best way to ensure the maximum publicity for something is to try to suppress it.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_conflict">Early conflict</h3></div> <p>Conflict within the topic of Scientology on Wikipedia arose early on from the website's beginnings.<sup id="cite_ref-zittrain_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zittrain-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Author <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Zittrain" title="Jonathan Zittrain">Jonathan Zittrain</a> noted in <i>The Future of the Internet – And How to Stop It</i>, his 2009 book published by <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>, that "as Wikipedia grew it began to attract editors who had never crossed paths before, and who disagreed on articles they were simultaneously editing. One person would say that Scientology was a 'cult', the other would change that back to 'religion,' and the first would revert it back again."<sup id="cite_ref-zittrain_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zittrain-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a 2005 article about Wikipedia for <i>The Guardian</i>, Charles Arthur noted individuals debated online, "whether Scientology should be classed as a cult", and he compared the "cultism" of Scientology to that of Wikipedia itself.<sup id="cite_ref-arthur_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arthur-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)" title="ABC News (United States)">ABC News</a></i> noted in a 2009 article, "Wikipedia disputes about Scientology have gone on since 2005."<sup id="cite_ref-heussner_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-heussner-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2006, conflict on Wikipedia within the topic of Scientology was drawn out over specific disagreements.<sup id="cite_ref-bjerga_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bjerga-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Journalist Alan Bjerga of <i><a href="/wiki/McClatchy_Newspapers" class="mw-redirect" title="McClatchy Newspapers">McClatchy Newspapers</a></i> reported in August 2006, "Wayne Saewyc, a Wikipedia spokesman, said debates on controversial topics can become incredibly time-consuming and sometimes maddening. In the entry covering Scientology, for example, contributors argued for nine months over whether the Scientologist method of childbirth should be called 'silent birth' or 'quiet birth.<span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>"<sup id="cite_ref-bjerga_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bjerga-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an October 2006 article about Wikipedia, Paul Vallely of <i>The Independent</i> commented that, "Some pages seem to have been taken over by fanatics and special interest groups (try the Scientology page)."<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wikipedia user and Scientology critic David Gerard is cited in <i>The Daily Telegraph</i> in October 2006 about the state of Scientology articles on the site as believing that "the Wikipedia entry is the most balanced and informative account to be found anywhere on the web."<sup id="cite_ref-mickbrown_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mickbrown-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gerard commented on "NPOV" (neutral point of view) in the topic, "This is a good example of why NPOV is one of the most revolutionary things about Wikipedia. On the web you'll find a lot of Church of Scientology sites, and a lot of critics' sites, which are generally very bitter. On Wikipedia you have to be neutral, and you have to be able to reference your facts."<sup id="cite_ref-mickbrown_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mickbrown-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WikiScanner_revelations">WikiScanner revelations</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VirgilGriffithFace.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/VirgilGriffithFace.jpg/220px-VirgilGriffithFace.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/VirgilGriffithFace.jpg/330px-VirgilGriffithFace.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/VirgilGriffithFace.jpg/440px-VirgilGriffithFace.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/WikiScanner" title="WikiScanner">WikiScanner</a> software by <a href="/wiki/Virgil_Griffith" title="Virgil Griffith">Virgil Griffith</a> revealed edits from Scientology-associated computers to Wikipedia.</figcaption></figure> <p>The development of the <a href="/wiki/WikiScanner" title="WikiScanner">WikiScanner</a> software by <a href="/wiki/Virgil_Griffith" title="Virgil Griffith">Virgil Griffith</a> in 2007 revealed changes made to Wikipedia articles by Scientology organization computers.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a></i> reported, "Many of the edits are predictably self-interested: PCs in Scientology officialdom were used to remove criticism in the church's Wikipedia entry."<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Independent</i> noted, "Computers with IP addresses traced to the Church of Scientology were used to expunge critical paragraphs about the cult's world-wide operations."<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Times</i> reported that a computer operated by the Church of Scientology was used to manipulate information in the Wikipedia article about the <a href="/wiki/Cult_Awareness_Network" title="Cult Awareness Network">Cult Awareness Network</a>, "A computer linked to the Church of Scientology's network was used to delete references to links between it and a group dubbed the 'Cult Awareness Network.<span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>"<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i> noted, "Scientology officials appear to have removed critical comments from an anti-cult organization."<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></i> reported in more depth on some of the edits revealed by WikiScanner to have been made on Wikipedia by computers associated with the Church of Scientology. From 2003 to 2007, 170 edits were made, a large proportion of which focused on <a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_psychiatry" title="Scientology and psychiatry">Scientologist views critical of psychiatry</a>. For example, the article "<a href="/wiki/Kurt_Cobain" title="Kurt Cobain">Kurt Cobain</a>" was edited by a Scientologist in order to include a link to the Scientology-founded "<a href="/wiki/Citizens_Commission_on_Human_Rights" title="Citizens Commission on Human Rights">Citizens Commission on Human Rights</a>" (CCHR),<sup id="cite_ref-lischka_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lischka-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> putting forth the notion that "the singer's childhood <a href="/wiki/Ritalin" class="mw-redirect" title="Ritalin">Ritalin</a> prescription led him to suicide".<sup id="cite_ref-agger_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-agger-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Multiple edits involved adding links to webpages of organizations affiliated with Scientology.<sup id="cite_ref-lischka_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lischka-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Reporting for <i><a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a></i>, journalist Michael Agger observed that an edit by a Scientology-associated IP address to a Scientology-related article on Wikipedia does not necessarily indicate such an edit was made by an employee of the organization. Virgil Griffith explained, "Technically, we don't know if it came from an agent of that company. However, we do know that edit came from someone with access to their network. If the edit occurred during working hours, then we can reasonably assume that the person is either an employee of that company or a guest that was allowed access to their network."<sup id="cite_ref-agger_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-agger-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Project_Chanology">Project Chanology</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Project_Chanology" title="Project Chanology">Project Chanology</a></div> <p>After the Scientology organization tried to remove a promotional film of Scientology featuring celebrity member <a href="/wiki/Tom_Cruise" title="Tom Cruise">Tom Cruise</a> from the Internet, a group of web-based activists known as "<a href="/wiki/Anonymous_(group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anonymous (group)">Anonymous</a>" focused efforts against Scientology.<sup id="cite_ref-propagandarow_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-propagandarow-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anonymous disrupted Scientology websites and spread anti-Scientologist materials online.<sup id="cite_ref-propagandarow_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-propagandarow-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2008, <i><a href="/wiki/Messenger_Newspapers" title="Messenger Newspapers">Messenger Newspapers</a></i> noted, "A war between internet collective Anonymous and the Church of Scientology" had been "fought out largely on the battlefields of YouTube, Wikipedia and other websites", before emerging to become a movement with protests taking place in front of Scientology buildings.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Known as <a href="/wiki/Project_Chanology" title="Project Chanology">Project Chanology</a>, the movement was "Organised from a Wikipedia-style website (editable by anyone) and through anonymous internet chat rooms".<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The New York Times</i> noted that through its actions related to attempts to remove the Tom Cruise video from the Internet, the Church of Scientology became a victim of the <a href="/wiki/Streisand_effect" title="Streisand effect">Streisand effect</a> – a phenomenon whereby attempts to suppress information on the Internet end up having the opposite impact.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arbitration_Committee_ban">Arbitration Committee ban</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2009_May_28_Scientology_Arbitration_case.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/2009_May_28_Scientology_Arbitration_case.png/350px-2009_May_28_Scientology_Arbitration_case.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/2009_May_28_Scientology_Arbitration_case.png/525px-2009_May_28_Scientology_Arbitration_case.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/2009_May_28_Scientology_Arbitration_case.png 2x" data-file-width="577" data-file-height="306" /></a><figcaption>Wikipedia's Arbitration Committee concluded the <i>Scientology</i> case on May 28, 2009.</figcaption></figure> <p>In January 2009, <i>The Register</i> reported on an ongoing case involving Scientology before Wikipedia's Arbitration Committee, "According to site administrators, several pro-Scientology accounts have been editing the site using Scientology-owned computers."<sup id="cite_ref-lordoftheuniversedisciple_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lordoftheuniversedisciple-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Arbitration Committee on Wikipedia is composed of a group of volunteers elected by the editing community to resolve especially difficult conflicts.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the arbitration case, the page about Scientology was modified by members of the organization.<sup id="cite_ref-lordoftheuniversedisciple_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lordoftheuniversedisciple-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scientology members had doctored entries in order to advertise for their cause.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Register</i> noted that one of the Wikipedia users admitted he had edited from computers operated by the Scientology organization, "One of these pro-Scientology editors – who once used the handle 'COFS' – has admitted as much. And he vows to continue editing Scientology articles from Scientology computers."<sup id="cite_ref-lordoftheuniversedisciple_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lordoftheuniversedisciple-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Register</i> quoted the "COFS" user as saying, "I am not going to leave voluntarily and I will continue to use a) my own computer, b) public computers, c) my wireless laptop, d) computers in the Church of Scientology and any station I please".<sup id="cite_ref-lordoftheuniversedisciple_35-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lordoftheuniversedisciple-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Guardian</i> cited <i>The Register</i>, and noted, "The technology news website <i>The Register</i> alleges the church has an organised operation to challenge internet criticism."<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/60px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/80px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikinews has related news: <div><ul><li><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_indefinitely_banned_from_editing_Wikipedia" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Church of Scientology indefinitely banned from editing Wikipedia"> Church of Scientology indefinitely banned from editing Wikipedia</a></li></ul></div></div></div> </div> <p>In an effort to adhere to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_policy" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia policy">Wikipedia policy</a>, Wikipedia's Arbitration Committee decided on May 28, 2009,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to restrict editing from Scientology organization <a href="/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address">IP addresses</a> in order to prevent self-serving edits by editors within Church of Scientology–administered networks.<sup id="cite_ref-Huff_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Huff-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Metz_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Metz-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decision accorded Scientology-controlled IP addresses the same blockable status as <a href="/wiki/Open_proxy" title="Open proxy">open proxies</a> on the site.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ten members of the Arbitration Committee voted in favor of the ruling,<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> thus preventing such users from editing existing articles or creating new articles on the site.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wikipedia previously frequently had banned individual users from the site, but not entire organizations.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The arbitration decision came as the culmination of a "longstanding struggle" involving promoters of the organization and critics of its practices.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)" title="ABC News (United States)">ABC News</a></i> noted the conflict was "one of the longest-running disputes in Wikipedia's history".<sup id="cite_ref-heussner_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-heussner-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The conflict involved over 400 articles within the topic of Scientology.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the fourth such arbitration case before Wikipedia's Arbitration Committee on the topic of Scientology in the prior four years.<sup id="cite_ref-heussner_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-heussner-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The case was drawn out for six months, prior to the decision of the Arbitration Committee.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The committee ruled that the Scientology organization had a responsibility to "ensure appropriate use of its servers and equipment",<sup id="cite_ref-matthewmoore_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-matthewmoore-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and pointed to a <a href="/wiki/Conflict_of_interest" title="Conflict of interest">conflict of interest</a> involved with edits from Scientology-associated computers.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The block on IP addresses includes those originating from the Church of Scientology's offices in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the organization additionally maintains headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Clearwater,_Florida" title="Clearwater, Florida">Clearwater</a>, Florida.<sup id="cite_ref-brassfield_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brassfield-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/News.com.au" title="News.com.au">News.com.au</a> reported, "According to evidence found by Wikipedia, multiple users with known scientology IP addresses had been 'openly editing (Scientology-related articles) from Church of Scientology equipment and apparently coordinating their activities'."<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Sky_News" title="Sky News">Sky News</a></i> noted that the ban on Scientology computers applies to "Any computer addresses 'owned or operated' by the Church or associates linked to it".<sup id="cite_ref-skynews_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-skynews-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Fox_News_Channel" class="mw-redirect" title="Fox News Channel">Fox News Channel</a> reported on the decision, "The encyclopedia's administrators found that Scientology computers had been repeatedly changing more than 400 pages related to the Church, deleting negative references and adding positive ones. The volume of changes was overwhelming administrators' ability to reverse them, hence the block."<sup id="cite_ref-foxwikipediablocks_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-foxwikipediablocks-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fox News Channel described the decision by the Arbitration Committee to block Scientology-controlled IP addresses as "an unprecedented move";<sup id="cite_ref-foxwikipediablocks_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-foxwikipediablocks-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Guardian</i> similarly noted, "whatever your feelings towards the world of Scientology, Wikipedia's decision to enact a blanket ban appears to be unprecedented."<sup id="cite_ref-propagandarow_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-propagandarow-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/InfoWorld" title="InfoWorld">InfoWorld</a></i> wrote that edits by the Scientology organization were motivated by, "a massive organized effort to make the CoS look good and/or counter the relentless public criticism that has shadowed the organization since the earliest days of the Net."<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Wired_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Wired News">Wired News</a></i> reported that the ban on the Scientology organization was triggered by "repeated and deceptive editing of articles related to the controversial religion".<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i> noted that the ban stemmed from "the church's self-serving wiki-revisionism".<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></i> noted that skeptics doubted the efficacy of the ban on the Scientology-controlled IP addresses, and commented on the likelihood of individuals creating multiple account names.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A "host of anti-Scientologist editors" were topic-banned as well by the Arbitration Committee.<sup id="cite_ref-Huff_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Huff-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Metz_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Metz-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The committee noted that an "aggravating factor" had been "the apparent presence of notable critics of Scientology, from several Internet organizations, apparently editing under their own names and citing either their own or each other's self-published material."<sup id="cite_ref-Huff_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Huff-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The committee concluded that both sides had "gamed policy" and resorted to "battlefield tactics" to create articles that were either "disparaging or complimentary", with articles on living persons being the "worst casualties".<sup id="cite_ref-Huff_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Huff-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wikipediabars_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikipediabars-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 7 January 2022 the rule of IP addresses owned by Scientology being blocked as if they were open proxies was lifted.<sup id="cite_ref-arca_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arca-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Wikimedia_comments">Wikimedia comments</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jay_Walsh_Wikimania_2013_cropped.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Jay_Walsh_Wikimania_2013_cropped.png/220px-Jay_Walsh_Wikimania_2013_cropped.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Jay_Walsh_Wikimania_2013_cropped.png/330px-Jay_Walsh_Wikimania_2013_cropped.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Jay_Walsh_Wikimania_2013_cropped.png 2x" data-file-width="438" data-file-height="479" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a> head of communications Jay Walsh emphasized the arbitration decision was aimed at getting Scientology-related articles to an acceptable state on Wikipedia.</figcaption></figure> <p>Arbitration Committee member Roger Davies wrote the majority of the decision in the Scientology case.<sup id="cite_ref-noamcohen_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noamcohen-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Davies commented in an interview with <i>The New York Times</i>, "It was obvious that this case was going to be controversial pretty much from the start. What we have done is we've really tried to make sure that we have not directed our fire at anyone in particular."<sup id="cite_ref-noamcohen_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noamcohen-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He noted there was a recurring pattern of disputed editing on controversial topics, "One of the problems we keep bumping into is what I call core belief issues — politics, religion, nationalism. Fringe faiths, fringe nationalities."<sup id="cite_ref-noamcohen_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noamcohen-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a> spokesman and head of communications, Jay Walsh,<sup id="cite_ref-macmillan_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-macmillan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> stated the decision was focused on reducing hostility within the subject and getting articles back to an appropriate state.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Walsh emphasized to <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_BusinessWeek" class="mw-redirect" title="Bloomberg BusinessWeek">Bloomberg BusinessWeek</a></i> that edits which serve the interests of organizations are acceptable, but must be within the procedure of "adding valuable context" to articles.<sup id="cite_ref-macmillan_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-macmillan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a statement to <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i>, Walsh said, "This is about people reducing the hostility around the topic, and getting the articles back to a state where they make sense. I think the arbitration committee wants to send the message that Wikipedians have to be neutral on all accounts and all fronts. They don't take these situations lightly. They understand there's a perspective of: Are we censoring people or individuals? It's really about what can we do that's best for Wikipedia and the people who read it."<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When asked by Ross Reynolds of <a href="/wiki/National_Public_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="National Public Radio">National Public Radio</a> affiliate <a href="/wiki/KUOW-FM" title="KUOW-FM">KUOW-FM</a> why the arbitration decision included a "ban on IP addresses at the Church of Scientology", Walsh answered, "So the simple answer is that within looking at these computers and where these edits were coming from, the decision is that ultimately most of the edits within these ranges have been from single-user-accounts, people who have a single intention to change or move or in some cases remove information, which could be considered censorship, which is really something that doesn't work out well on Wikipedia. And this is an effort to kind of calm that effect, and to bring some neutrality and some quality back to these articles."<sup id="cite_ref-kuow_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kuow-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wikipedia media contact, Dan Rosenthal, stated to <i>ABC News</i>, "Scientology is up there among the most controversial on Wikipedia. You can compare it to articles on abortion, the presidential election and the like and there's been nowhere near the level of bitterness and fighting."<sup id="cite_ref-heussner_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-heussner-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rosenthal commented, "You could imply that there is a conflict of interest. Rather than two unrelated people getting together", promoters of the Scientology organization were "getting together, saying, 'Let's work together to make this a more pro-scientology article.<span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>"<sup id="cite_ref-heussner_23-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-heussner-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rosenthal noted that "it is standard practice to ban users found violating rules designed to keep people with an agenda from propagandizing."<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rosenthal said that approximately 300 users are blocked or banned per day from Wikipedia in order to stop vandalism, or for violating regulations created to prevent propaganda.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Catrin Schoneville, spokesperson for Wikimedia Germany, stated to <i><a href="/wiki/Computerwoche" title="Computerwoche">Computerwoche</a></i> that the decision impacted the <a href="/wiki/English_Wikipedia" title="English Wikipedia">English Wikipedia</a> version, and it was unknown whether a similar decision in the future would be applied to the <a href="/wiki/German_Wikipedia" title="German Wikipedia">German Wikipedia</a> site.<sup id="cite_ref-computerwoche_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-computerwoche-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Scientology_statements">Scientology statements</h4></div> <p>Scientology spokeswoman, <a href="/wiki/Karin_Pouw" title="Karin Pouw">Karin Pouw</a>, stated of the Wikipedia arbitration decision, "Do Scientologists care what has been posted on Wikipedia? Of course. Some of it has been very hateful and erroneous."<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pouw commented, "We hope all this will result in more accurate and useful articles on Wikipedia."<sup id="cite_ref-skynews_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-skynews-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She characterized the Arbitration Committee decision as "a routine internal action by Wikipedia to clean up its editing process".<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pouw emphasized, "More importantly is the fact that Wikipedia finally banned those who were engaged in unobjective and biased editing for the purposes of antagonism as opposed to providing accurate information."<sup id="cite_ref-religionnewsservice_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-religionnewsservice-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pouw commented to <i>ABC News</i>, "People have conflicts on Wikipedia all the time, and it's obvious why – anybody can post."<sup id="cite_ref-heussner_23-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-heussner-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_Businessweek" title="Bloomberg Businessweek">Bloomberg Businessweek</a></i> reported on Pouw's statements, "[Pouw] says her organization regularly monitors the Internet for wrong information about its belief system and members. After this ruling, Pouw says there remain 'gross inaccuracies' on the Scientology article on Wikipedia that she hopes will eventually be corrected. But for the time being, her group's ability to do that have been weakened."<sup id="cite_ref-macmillan_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-macmillan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a statement to <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>, Pouw asserted "she is unaware of any coordinated effort to alter Wikipedia".<sup id="cite_ref-finley_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-finley-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Davis_(Scientology)" title="Tommy Davis (Scientology)">Tommy Davis</a>, a representative of the Scientology organization, stated to the <i><a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Petersburg Times">St. Petersburg Times</a></i> that members of the organization were attempting to correct what they perceived as factual inaccuracies: "The story that's being missed is there were people who were doing nonstop attacks on the church and using Wikipedia to do it. Those people have been banned."<sup id="cite_ref-brassfield_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brassfield-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Davis denied that Scientology leadership arranged a campaign to manipulate entries on Wikipedia. He asserted, "The church is huge ... Scientologists are going to say what they're going to say about their own religion."<sup id="cite_ref-brassfield_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brassfield-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Die_Zukunft_unserer_St%C3%A4dte_(27117757549).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Die_Zukunft_unserer_St%C3%A4dte_%2827117757549%29.jpg/220px-Die_Zukunft_unserer_St%C3%A4dte_%2827117757549%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Die_Zukunft_unserer_St%C3%A4dte_%2827117757549%29.jpg/330px-Die_Zukunft_unserer_St%C3%A4dte_%2827117757549%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Die_Zukunft_unserer_St%C3%A4dte_%2827117757549%29.jpg/440px-Die_Zukunft_unserer_St%C3%A4dte_%2827117757549%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Evgeny_Morozov" title="Evgeny Morozov">Evgeny Morozov</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Policy" title="Foreign Policy">Foreign Policy</a></i>, who criticized the decision</figcaption></figure> <p>Writing in the 2009 book <i><a href="/wiki/Scientology_(James_R._Lewis_book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientology (James R. Lewis book)">Scientology</a></i>, contributor <a href="/wiki/Mikael_Rothstein" title="Mikael Rothstein">Mikael Rothstein</a> commented positively about the Wikipedia article on "<a href="/wiki/Xenu" title="Xenu">Xenu</a>", "The most sober and enlightening text about the Xenu myth is probably the anonymous article on Wikipedia".<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Writing about Scientology in her 2010 book <i>Insiders' Guide to the Greater Tampa Bay Area</i>, author Anne W. Anderson noted, "In May 2009, Wikipedia ... imposed a very rare ban on some computers that were repeatedly editing entries about Scientology."<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an August 2009 article for <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>, titled "A Brief History of Wikipedia", journalist Dan Fletcher noted, "In May, Wikipedia banned IP addresses owned by the Church of Scientology on the grounds that Scientologists were making edits that didn't suggest a 'neutral point of view' – the encyclopedia's golden rule."<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an interview with <i>ABC News</i>, <a href="/wiki/Sociologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Sociologist">sociologist</a> of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Alberta" title="University of Alberta">University of Alberta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stephen_A._Kent" title="Stephen A. Kent">Stephen A. Kent</a> commented, "Historically, Scientology has tried to control what critics say about it. The Internet, however, has posed insurmountable problems regarding control and censorship and Wikipedia's action is just one of many disputes that have occurred when Internet users have pushed back. Scientology can't roll over and give up on this issue. It will continue to attempt to have its representation."<sup id="cite_ref-heussner_23-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-heussner-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Evgeny_Morozov" title="Evgeny Morozov">Evgeny Morozov</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Policy" title="Foreign Policy">Foreign Policy</a></i> wrote a <a href="/wiki/Blogging" class="mw-redirect" title="Blogging">blog post</a> critical of the arbitration decision, and stated, "I am no fan of Scientology, but I think that banning them from Wikipedia is going to be counterproductive. Unfortunately, it presents the Wikipedia admins/editors as a non-neutral group that opposes a particular set of ideas."<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an August 2010 article in <i>The Guardian</i>, journalists Rachel Shabi and Jemima Kiss observed, "Editors can remain anonymous when changing content, but conflicts are passed to Wikipedia's arbitration committee. Scientology was a regular source of conflict until the committee blocked editing by the movement."<sup id="cite_ref-shabi_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shabi-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/28px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/42px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/56px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="407" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Internet" title="Portal:Internet">Internet portal</a></span></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Guardian%27s_Office_operations" title="List of Guardian's Office operations">List of Guardian's Office operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Clambake" title="Operation Clambake">Operation Clambake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Freakout" title="Operation Freakout">Operation Freakout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Snow_White" title="Operation Snow White">Operation Snow White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scieno_Sitter" title="Scieno Sitter">Scieno Sitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_the_legal_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientology and the legal system">Scientology and the legal system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_controversies" title="Scientology controversies">Scientology controversies</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-matthewmoore-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-matthewmoore_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-matthewmoore_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMoore2009" class="citation news cs1">Moore, Matthew (May 30, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/5408761/Church-of-Scientology-members-banned-from-editing-Wikipedia.html">"Church of Scientology members banned from editing Wikipedia"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101027131650/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/5408761/Church-of-Scientology-members-banned-from-editing-Wikipedia.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 27, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Church+of+Scientology+members+banned+from+editing+Wikipedia&rft.date=2009-05-30&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ftechnology%2Fwikipedia%2F5408761%2FChurch-of-Scientology-members-banned-from-editing-Wikipedia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-religionnewsservice-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-religionnewsservice_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-religionnewsservice_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReligion_News_Service2009" class="citation news cs1">Religion News Service (June 6, 2009). "Wikipedia bans Church of Scientology from editing entries". <i><a href="/wiki/Long_Beach_Press-Telegram" class="mw-redirect" title="Long Beach Press-Telegram">Long Beach Press-Telegram</a></i>. p. 3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Long+Beach+Press-Telegram&rft.atitle=Wikipedia+bans+Church+of+Scientology+from+editing+entries&rft.pages=3&rft.date=2009-06-06&rft.au=Religion+News+Service&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mickbrown-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mickbrown_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mickbrown_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mickbrown_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2006" class="citation news cs1">Brown, Mick (October 28, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/3656157/Wikis-world.html">"Wiki's world"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Golem.de&rft.atitle=Wikipedia+sperrt+Scientology+aus&rft.date=2009-05-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.golem.de%2F0905%2F67450.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gazzettino.it/articolo.php?id=60566&sez=SCIENZA">"Scientology messa al bando da Wikipedia"</a>. <i>Il Gazzettino</i> (in Italian). www.gazzettino.it. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Il+Gazzettino&rft.atitle=Scientology+messa+al+bando+da+Wikipedia&rft.date=2009-06-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gazzettino.it%2Farticolo.php%3Fid%3D60566%26sez%3DSCIENZA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFalco2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Falco, Nico (June 1, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.julienews.it/notizia/cyber-scienza-e-gossip/scientology-bannata-da-wikipedia/28237_cyber-scienza-e-gossip_4.html">"Scientology bannata da Wikipedia"</a>. <i>Julie News</i> (in Italian). www.julienews.it<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Julie+News&rft.atitle=Scientology+bannata+da+Wikipedia&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.aulast=Falco&rft.aufirst=Nico&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.julienews.it%2Fnotizia%2Fcyber-scienza-e-gossip%2Fscientology-bannata-da-wikipedia%2F28237_cyber-scienza-e-gossip_4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMandelli2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mandelli, Lamberto (June 2, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.macitynet.it/macity/articolo/La_Chiesa_di_Scientology_e_Wikipedia_ai_ferri_corti">"La Chiesa di Scientology e Wikipedia ai ferri corti"</a>. <i>Macity</i> (in Italian). www.macitynet.it. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721202419/http://www.macitynet.it/macity/articolo/La_Chiesa_di_Scientology_e_Wikipedia_ai_ferri_corti">Archived</a> from the original on July 21, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Macity&rft.atitle=La+Chiesa+di+Scientology+e+Wikipedia+ai+ferri+corti&rft.date=2009-06-02&rft.aulast=Mandelli&rft.aufirst=Lamberto&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.macitynet.it%2Fmacity%2Farticolo%2FLa_Chiesa_di_Scientology_e_Wikipedia_ai_ferri_corti&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lastampa.it/_web/cmstp/tmplrubriche/tecnologia/grubrica.asp?ID_blog=30&ID_articolo=6251&ID_sezione=38&sezione=News">"Wikipedia censura Scientology"</a>. <i>La Stampa</i> (in Italian). www.lastampa.it. June 1, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110102150518/http://www.lastampa.it/_web/cmstp/tmplrubriche/tecnologia/grubrica.asp?ID_blog=30&ID_articolo=6251&ID_sezione=38&sezione=News">Archived</a> from the original on January 2, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Stampa&rft.atitle=Wikipedia+censura+Scientology&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lastampa.it%2F_web%2Fcmstp%2Ftmplrubriche%2Ftecnologia%2Fgrubrica.asp%3FID_blog%3D30%26ID_articolo%3D6251%26ID_sezione%3D38%26sezione%3DNews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spotlight.excite.nl/church-of-scientology-krijgt-wikipedia-ban-N895.html">"Church of Scientology krijgt Wikipedia ban – Spotlight"</a>. <i>Excite.nl</i> (in Dutch). spotlight.excite.nl. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Excite.nl&rft.atitle=Church+of+Scientology+krijgt+Wikipedia+ban+%E2%80%93+Spotlight&rft.date=2009-05-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspotlight.excite.nl%2Fchurch-of-scientology-krijgt-wikipedia-ban-N895.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChapman2009" class="citation news cs1">Chapman, Glenn (May 29, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090605202024/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gSliN9wvlFZVnvXgLGgeURAok5ww">"Wikipedia blocks Scientology from altering entries"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Agence_France-Presse" title="Agence France-Presse">Agence France-Presse</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gSliN9wvlFZVnvXgLGgeURAok5ww">the original</a> on June 5, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agence+France-Presse&rft.atitle=Wikipedia+blocks+Scientology+from+altering+entries&rft.date=2009-05-29&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fhostednews%2Fafp%2Farticle%2FALeqM5gSliN9wvlFZVnvXgLGgeURAok5ww&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-technology/wikipedia-blocks-scientology-from-altering-entries-20090530-bqy8.html">alternate link</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090531112558/http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-technology/wikipedia-blocks-scientology-from-altering-entries-20090530-bqy8.html">Archived</a> May 31, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nd.nl/artikelen/2009/mei/30/wikipedia-blokkeert-scientology-schrijvers">"Wikipedia blokkeert Scientology-schrijvers"</a>. <i>Nederlands Dagblad</i> (in Dutch). May 30, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927161344/http://www.nd.nl/artikelen/2009/mei/30/wikipedia-blokkeert-scientology-schrijvers">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nederlands+Dagblad&rft.atitle=Wikipedia+blokkeert+Scientology-schrijvers&rft.date=2009-05-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nd.nl%2Fartikelen%2F2009%2Fmei%2F30%2Fwikipedia-blokkeert-scientology-schrijvers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShaer2009" class="citation news cs1">Shaer, Matthew (June 1, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csmonitor.com/Innovation/Horizons/2009/0601/wikipedia-bans-edits-to-its-scientology-pages-but-at-what-cost">"Wikipedia bans edits to its Scientology pages. But at what cost?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Christian_Science_Monitor" title="The Christian Science Monitor">The Christian Science Monitor</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101121193911/http://www.csmonitor.com/Innovation/Horizons/2009/0601/wikipedia-bans-edits-to-its-scientology-pages-but-at-what-cost">Archived</a> from the original on November 21, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Christian+Science+Monitor&rft.atitle=Wikipedia+bans+edits+to+its+Scientology+pages.+But+at+what+cost%3F&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.aulast=Shaer&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2FInnovation%2FHorizons%2F2009%2F0601%2Fwikipedia-bans-edits-to-its-scientology-pages-but-at-what-cost&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721185622/http://www.barimia.info/modules/article/view.article.php?18549">"Wikipedia mette al bando Scientology"</a>. <i>Barimia</i> (in Italian). www.barimia.info. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lastampa.it/_web/CMSTP/tmplrubriche/giornalisti/grubrica.asp?ID_blog=196&ID_articolo=420&ID_sezione=&sezione=">the original</a> on January 2, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Stampa&rft.atitle=%22Wiki%22+esclude+Scientology&rft.date=2009-05-30&rft.aulast=Tosatto&rft.aufirst=Marco&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lastampa.it%2F_web%2FCMSTP%2Ftmplrubriche%2Fgiornalisti%2Fgrubrica.asp%3FID_blog%3D196%26ID_articolo%3D420%26ID_sezione%3D%26sezione%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLinthicum2009" class="citation news cs1">Linthicum, Kate (June 5, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-jun-05-fi-wikipedia-scientology5-story.html">"Wikipedia blocks access from Church of Scientology in L.A."</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110102095149/http://articles.latimes.com/2009/jun/05/business/fi-wikipedia-scientology5">Archived</a> from the original on January 2, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=United+Press+International&rft.atitle=Wikipedia+bans+Scientology+edits&rft.date=2009-05-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FTop_News%2F2009%2F05%2F31%2FWikipedia-bans-Scientology-edits%2FUPI-34941243746054%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110901000814/http://www.vindy.com/news/2009/jun/27/scientology-critics-banned-from-editing-wikipedia/?newswatch">"Scientology, critics banned from editing Wikipedia entry"</a>. <i>Youngstown Vindicator</i>. www.vindy.com. 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"Wikipedia Blocks Dozens of Users in Scientology Dispute". <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Wikipedia+Blocks+Dozens+of+Users+in+Scientology+Dispute&rft.date=2009-06-04&rft.aulast=Linthicum&rft.aufirst=Kate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Scientology, critics banned from editing Wikipedia entry". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Grand_Rapids_Press" title="The Grand Rapids Press">The Grand Rapids Press</a></i>. June 13, 2009. p. C2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Grand+Rapids+Press&rft.atitle=Scientology%2C+critics+banned+from+editing+Wikipedia+entry&rft.pages=C2&rft.date=2009-06-13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRothstein2009" class="citation cs2">Rothstein, Mikael (2009), "<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'His name was Xenu. He used renegades. ...' – Aspects of Scientology's Founding Myth", in <a href="/wiki/James_R._Lewis_(scholar)" title="James R. Lewis (scholar)">Lewis, James R.</a> (ed.), <i>Scientology</i>, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press,_USA" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University Press, USA">Oxford University Press, USA</a>, p. 371, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-533149-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-533149-3"><bdi>978-0-19-533149-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%27His+name+was+Xenu.+He+used+renegades.+...%27+%E2%80%93+Aspects+of+Scientology%27s+Founding+Myth&rft.btitle=Scientology&rft.pages=371&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+USA&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-19-533149-3&rft.aulast=Rothstein&rft.aufirst=Mikael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson2010" class="citation book cs1">Anderson, Anne W. (2010). <i>Insiders' Guide to the Greater Tampa Bay Area: Including Tampa, St. Petersburg, & Clearwater</i>. Insiders' Guide. pp. 290–291. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7627-5347-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7627-5347-5"><bdi>978-0-7627-5347-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Insiders%27+Guide+to+the+Greater+Tampa+Bay+Area%3A+Including+Tampa%2C+St.+Petersburg%2C+%26+Clearwater&rft.pages=290-291&rft.pub=Insiders%27+Guide&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-7627-5347-5&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Anne+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFletcher2009" class="citation magazine cs1">Fletcher, Dan (August 18, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100824011236/http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1917002,00.html">"A Brief History of Wikipedia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1917002,00.html">the original</a> on August 24, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=A+Brief+History+of+Wikipedia&rft.date=2009-08-18&rft.aulast=Fletcher&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fbusiness%2Farticle%2F0%2C8599%2C1917002%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorozov2009" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Evgeny_Morozov" title="Evgeny Morozov">Morozov, Evgeny</a> (May 29, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110413052408/http://neteffect.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2009/05/29/why_wikipedia_was_wrong_to_ban_scientology">"Why Wikipedia was wrong to ban Scientology"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Policy" title="Foreign Policy">Foreign Policy</a></i>. neteffect.foreignpolicy.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://neteffect.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2009/05/29/why_wikipedia_was_wrong_to_ban_scientology">the original</a> on April 13, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Policy&rft.atitle=Why+Wikipedia+was+wrong+to+ban+Scientology&rft.date=2009-05-29&rft.aulast=Morozov&rft.aufirst=Evgeny&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fneteffect.foreignpolicy.com%2Fposts%2F2009%2F05%2F29%2Fwhy_wikipedia_was_wrong_to_ban_scientology&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shabi-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-shabi_80-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShabiJemima_Kiss2010" class="citation news cs1">Shabi, Rachel; Jemima Kiss (August 18, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/aug/18/wikipedia-editing-zionist-groups">"Wikipedia editing courses launched by Zionist groups"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London: Guardian News and Media Limited. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130819031910/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/aug/18/wikipedia-editing-zionist-groups">Archived</a> from the original on August 19, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Wikipedia+editing+courses+launched+by+Zionist+groups&rft.date=2010-08-18&rft.aulast=Shabi&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft.au=Jemima+Kiss&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2010%2Faug%2F18%2Fwikipedia-editing-zionist-groups&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAGKRagesoss2009" class="citation news cs1">AGK & Ragesoss (June 1, 2009). <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-06-01/Scientology_arbitration">"End of Scientology arbitration brings blocks, media coverage"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wikipedia_Signpost" class="mw-redirect" title="The Wikipedia Signpost">The Wikipedia Signpost</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wikipedia+Signpost&rft.atitle=End+of+Scientology+arbitration+brings+blocks%2C+media+coverage&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.au=AGK&rft.au=Ragesoss&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWikipedia%3AWikipedia_Signpost%2F2009-06-01%2FScientology_arbitration&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGardner2009" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sue_Gardner" title="Sue Gardner">Gardner, Sue</a> (June 2009). <a class="external text" href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Foundation_report_to_the_Board,_June_2009">"Foundation report to the Board, June 2009"</a>. <i>Wikimedia Meta-Wiki</i>. <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wikimedia+Meta-Wiki&rft.atitle=Foundation+report+to+the+Board%2C+June+2009&rft.date=2009-06&rft.aulast=Gardner&rft.aufirst=Sue&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmeta.wikimedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFoundation_report_to_the_Board%2C_June_2009&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+Scientology+editing+on+Wikipedia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/60px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/80px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikinews has news about: <div><ul><li><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Scientology" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Category:Scientology"> Scientology</a></li><li><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Church_of_Scientology_indefinitely_banned_from_editing_Wikipedia" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Church of Scientology indefinitely banned from editing Wikipedia"> Church of Scientology indefinitely banned from editing Wikipedia</a></li></ul></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Church_of_Scientology_editing_on_Wikipedia" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Church of Scientology editing on Wikipedia">Church of Scientology editing on Wikipedia</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:JayWalsh" class="extiw" title="foundation:User:JayWalsh">JayWalsh</a> (<a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/User_talk:JayWalsh" class="extiw" title="foundation:User talk:JayWalsh">talk</a> <b>·</b> <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Contribs/JayWalsh" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:Contribs/JayWalsh">contribs</a>), <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a> head of communications, as guest on <a href="/wiki/KUOW-FM" title="KUOW-FM">KUOW-FM</a> to discuss the <i>Scientology</i> arbitration case — (kuow.org: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100628101427/http://www.kuow.org/mp3high/mp3/Conversation/Conversation20090601.mp3">listen in .mp3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100613141422/http://kuow.org/program.php?id=17662">program listing</a>)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="width:1%">Organizations,<br />websites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alt.religion.scientology" title="Alt.religion.scientology">alt.religion.scientology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anonymous_(hacker_group)" title="Anonymous (hacker group)">Anonymous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumen_(website)" title="Lumen (website)">Chilling Effects</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Church of Scientology editing on Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FACTNet" title="FACTNet">FACTNet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Clambake" title="Operation Clambake">Operation Clambake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penet_remailer" title="Penet remailer">Penet remailer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetboredom" title="Planetboredom">Planetboredom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Chanology" title="Project Chanology">Project Chanology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ScienTOMogy" title="ScienTOMogy">ScienTOMogy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YTMND" title="YTMND">YTMND</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Internet_map_1024.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Partial map of the Internet"><img alt="Partial map of the Internet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Internet_map_1024.jpg/100px-Internet_map_1024.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Internet_map_1024.jpg/150px-Internet_map_1024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Internet_map_1024.jpg/200px-Internet_map_1024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software, terms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fishman_Affidavit" title="Fishman Affidavit">Fishman Affidavit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scamizdat" title="Scamizdat">Scamizdat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scieno_Sitter" title="Scieno Sitter">Scieno Sitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sporgery" title="Sporgery">Sporgery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Bunker" title="Mark Bunker">Mark Bunker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tory_Christman" title="Tory Christman">Tory Christman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilman_Hausherr" title="Tilman Hausherr">Tilman Hausherr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Heldal-Lund" title="Andreas Heldal-Lund">Andreas Heldal-Lund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Henson" title="Keith Henson">Keith Henson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnie_Lerma" title="Arnie Lerma">Arnie Lerma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawn_Lonsdale" title="Shawn Lonsdale">Shawn Lonsdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karin_Spaink" title="Karin Spaink">Karin Spaink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_S._Touretzky" title="David S. Touretzky">David S. Touretzky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grady_Ward" title="Grady Ward">Grady Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Wollersheim" title="Lawrence Wollersheim">Lawrence Wollersheim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_law" title="Scientology and law">Litigation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Religious_Technology_Center_v_Lerma" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious Technology Center v Lerma">Religious Technology Center v Lerma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Religious_Technology_Center_v._Netcom_On-Line_Communication_Services,_Inc." title="Religious Technology Center v. Netcom On-Line Communication Services, Inc.">Religious Technology Center v. Netcom On-Line Communication Services, Inc.</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Scientology_and_the_Internet" title="Category:Scientology and the Internet">Category:Scientology and the Internet</a> (28)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard" title="L. Ron Hubbard">L. Ron Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology" title="Scientology">Scientology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology" title="Church of Scientology">Church of Scientology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia" title="Template:Wikipedia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia" title="Template talk:Wikipedia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Wikipedia" title="Outline of Wikipedia">Overview<br />(outline)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Biases <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gender_bias_on_Wikipedia" title="Gender bias on Wikipedia">gender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geographical_bias_on_Wikipedia" title="Geographical bias on Wikipedia">geographical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideological_bias_on_Wikipedia" title="Ideological bias on Wikipedia">ideological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_bias_on_Wikipedia" title="Racial bias on Wikipedia">racial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_of_Wikipedia" title="Censorship of Wikipedia">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict-of-interest_editing_on_Wikipedia" title="Conflict-of-interest editing on Wikipedia">Conflict-of-interest editing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_editing_incidents_on_Wikipedia" title="List of political editing incidents on Wikipedia">political editing incidents</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Wikipedia" title="Criticism of Wikipedia">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deletion_of_articles_on_Wikipedia" title="Deletion of articles on Wikipedia">Deletion of articles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deletionism_and_inclusionism_in_Wikipedia" title="Deletionism and inclusionism in Wikipedia">deletionism and inclusionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notability_in_the_English_Wikipedia" title="Notability in the English Wikipedia">notability</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disputes_on_Wikipedia" title="Disputes on Wikipedia">Disputes</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Ignore_all_rules" title="Ignore all rules">Ignore all rules</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plagiarism_from_Wikipedia" title="Plagiarism from Wikipedia">Plagiarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predictions_of_the_end_of_Wikipedia" title="Predictions of the end of Wikipedia">Predictions of the project's end</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reliability_of_Wikipedia" title="Reliability of Wikipedia">Reliability</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_and_fact-checking" title="Wikipedia and fact-checking">Fact-checking</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Citation_needed" title="Citation needed">Citation needed</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vandalism_on_Wikipedia" title="Vandalism on Wikipedia">Vandalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_community" title="Wikipedia community">Community<br />(Wikipedians)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_administrators" title="Wikipedia administrators">Administrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AfroCrowd" title="AfroCrowd">AfroCrowd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arbitration_Committee_(Wikipedia)" title="Arbitration Committee (Wikipedia)">Arbitration Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art%2BFeminism" title="Art+Feminism">Art+Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bots" title="Wikipedia bots">Bots</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lsjbot" title="Lsjbot">Lsjbot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edit_count" title="Edit count">Edit count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias" title="List of Wikipedias">List of Wikipedias</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Signpost" title="The Signpost">The Signpost</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikimedian_of_the_Year" title="Wikimedian of the Year">Wikimedian of the Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedian_in_residence" title="Wikipedian in residence">Wikipedian in residence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WikiProject" title="WikiProject">WikiProject</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Red" title="Women in Red">Women in Red</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edit-a-thon" title="Edit-a-thon">Edit-a-thon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WikiConference_India" title="WikiConference India">WikiConference India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiki_Indaba" title="Wiki Indaba">Wiki Indaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WikiConference_North_America" title="WikiConference North America">WikiConference North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikimania" title="Wikimania">Wikimania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wiki Loves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Earth" title="Wiki Loves Earth">Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Folklore" title="Wiki Loves Folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Monuments" title="Wiki Loves Monuments">Monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Pride" title="Wiki Loves Pride">Pride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiki_Science_Competition" title="Wiki Science Competition">Science</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People<br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Wikipedia_people" title="List of Wikipedia people">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esra%27a_Al_Shafei" title="Esra'a Al Shafei">Esra'a Al Shafei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Devouard" title="Florence Devouard">Florence Devouard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sue_Gardner" title="Sue Gardner">Sue Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Gerard_(author)" title="David Gerard (author)">David Gerard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Heilman" title="James Heilman">James Heilman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryana_Iskander" title="Maryana Iskander">Maryana Iskander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dariusz_Jemielniak" title="Dariusz Jemielniak">Dariusz Jemielniak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_MacKinnon" title="Rebecca MacKinnon">Rebecca MacKinnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Maher" title="Katherine Maher">Katherine Maher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Manske" title="Magnus Manske">Magnus Manske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ira_Brad_Matetsky" title="Ira Brad Matetsky">Ira Brad Matetsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_M%C3%B6ller" title="Erik Möller">Erik Möller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Moore_(Wikipedia_editor)" title="Jason Moore (Wikipedia editor)">Jason Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raju_Narisetti" title="Raju Narisetti">Raju Narisetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Pruitt" title="Steven Pruitt">Steven Pruitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Rauwerda" title="Annie Rauwerda">Annie Rauwerda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Sanger" title="Larry Sanger">Larry Sanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Sefidari" title="María Sefidari">María Sefidari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Seitz-Gruwell" title="Lisa Seitz-Gruwell">Lisa Seitz-Gruwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosie_Stephenson-Goodknight" title="Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight">Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lila_Tretikov" title="Lila Tretikov">Lila Tretikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Wales" title="Jimmy Wales">Jimmy Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molly_White_(writer)" title="Molly White (writer)">Molly White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia" title="History of Wikipedia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bomis" title="Bomis">Bomis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nupedia" title="Nupedia">Nupedia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Wikipedia_edit" title="First Wikipedia edit">First edit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_logo" title="Wikipedia logo">Logo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Watch_Foundation_and_Wikipedia" title="Internet Watch Foundation and Wikipedia">Internet Watch Foundation</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scientology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsborough_disaster_Wikipedia_posts" title="Hillsborough disaster Wikipedia posts">Hillsborough disaster Wikipedia posts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VisualEditor" title="VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1Lib1Ref" title="1Lib1Ref">#1Lib1Ref</a></li> <li>Wikimedia Foundation actions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Wikimedia_Foundation_actions_on_the_Chinese_Wikipedia" title="2021 Wikimedia Foundation actions on the Chinese Wikipedia">on the Chinese Wikipedia</a> <ul><li>2021</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Wikimedia_Foundation_actions_on_the_Arabic_and_Persian_Wikipedias" title="2022 Wikimedia Foundation actions on the Arabic and Persian Wikipedias">on the Arabic and Persian Wikipedias</a> <ul><li>2022</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Wikipedia_controversies" title="List of Wikipedia controversies">Controversies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_MacMasters_hoax" title="Alan MacMasters hoax">Alan MacMasters hoax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Bandeirense_Mirand%C3%B3polis_hoax" title="Carlos Bandeirense Mirandópolis hoax">Carlos Bandeirense Mirandópolis hoax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_edit_wars_on_Wikipedia" title="List of edit wars on Wikipedia">Edit wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essjay_controversy" title="Essjay controversy">Essjay controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henryk_Batuta_hoax" title="Henryk Batuta hoax">Henryk Batuta hoax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jar%27Edo_Wens_hoax" title="Jar'Edo Wens hoax">Jar'Edo Wens hoax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_Seigenthaler_biography_incident" title="Wikipedia Seigenthaler biography incident">Seigenthaler biography incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_Star_Trek_Into_Darkness_debate" title="Wikipedia Star Trek Into Darkness debate"><i>Star Trek Into Darkness</i> debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia" title="United States congressional staff edits to Wikipedia">United States congressional staff edits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhemao_hoaxes" title="Zhemao hoaxes">Zhemao hoaxes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Coverage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_coverage_of_American_politics" title="Wikipedia coverage of American politics">American politics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_coverage_of_Donald_Trump" title="Wikipedia coverage of Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_and_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Wikipedia and the COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_coverage_of_death" title="Wikipedia coverage of death">Death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_and_the_Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="Wikipedia and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict">Israeli–Palestinian conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Wikipedia and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Honors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/274301_Wikipedia" title="274301 Wikipedia">274301 Wikipedia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Viola_angustifolia" title="Viola angustifolia">Viola angustifolia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_Monument" title="Wikipedia Monument">Wikipedia Monument</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">References<br />and analysis</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_studies_about_Wikipedia" title="Academic studies about Wikipedia">Academic studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Wikipedia" title="Bibliography of Wikipedia">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_in_culture" title="Wikipedia in culture">Cultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_Wikipedia" title="List of films about Wikipedia">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listen_to_Wikipedia" title="Listen to Wikipedia">Listen to Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipediocracy" title="Wikipediocracy">Wikipediocracy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mobile</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Wikipedia_mobile_applications" title="List of Wikipedia mobile applications">Apps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QRpedia" title="QRpedia">QRpedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wapedia" title="Wapedia">Wapedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_Zero" title="Wikipedia Zero">Wikipedia Zero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WikiReader" title="WikiReader">WikiReader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikiwand" title="Wikiwand">Wikiwand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Content use</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DBpedia" title="DBpedia">DBpedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Depths_of_Wikipedia" title="Depths of Wikipedia">Depths of Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relationship_between_Google_and_Wikipedia" title="Relationship between Google and Wikipedia">Google and Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_information_on_Wikipedia" title="Health information on Wikipedia">Health information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiwix" title="Kiwix">Kiwix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_information_on_Wikipedia" title="Science information on Wikipedia">Science information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia-based_education" title="Wikipedia-based education">Wikipedia-based education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Iraq_War:_A_Historiography_of_Wikipedia_Changelogs" title="The Iraq War: A 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<li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_in_India" title="Wikipedia in India">Wikipedia in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikiracing" title="Wikiracing">Wikiracing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_online_encyclopedias" title="List of online encyclopedias">List of online encyclopedias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wikis" title="List of wikis">List of wikis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a 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aria-labelledby="Conflict-of-interest_editing_on_Wikipedia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:COI_on_Wikipedia" title="Template:COI on Wikipedia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:COI_on_Wikipedia" title="Template talk:COI on Wikipedia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:COI_on_Wikipedia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:COI on Wikipedia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Conflict-of-interest_editing_on_Wikipedia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Conflict-of-interest_editing_on_Wikipedia" title="Conflict-of-interest editing on Wikipedia">Conflict-of-interest editing on Wikipedia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commercial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Institute_of_Planning_and_Management#Wikipedia_conflicts" title="Indian Institute of Planning and Management">Indian Institute of Planning and Management / Wifione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MyWikiBiz" class="mw-redirect" title="MyWikiBiz">MyWikiBiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Orangemoody" title="Operation Orangemoody">Operation Orangemoody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland_Communications#Wikipedia_editing" title="Portland Communications">Portland Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Entertainment_hack#Wikipedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Pictures Entertainment hack">Sony Pictures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunshine_Sachs" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunshine Sachs">Sunshine Sachs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WikiExperts" class="mw-redirect" title="WikiExperts">WikiExperts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiki-PR_editing_of_Wikipedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiki-PR editing of Wikipedia">Wiki-PR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell_Pottinger#Wikipedia" 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