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<button aria-controls="toc-Techniques-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Techniques subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Techniques-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-General" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 General </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Female_masturbation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Female_masturbation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Female masturbation </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Female_masturbation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Female masturbation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Female_masturbation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Manual_stimulation_(fingering)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manual_stimulation_(fingering)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Manual stimulation (fingering) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manual_stimulation_(fingering)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_methods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_methods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Other methods </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_methods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Male_masturbation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Male_masturbation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Male masturbation </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Male_masturbation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Male masturbation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Male_masturbation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Manual_stimulation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manual_stimulation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Manual stimulation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manual_stimulation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_methods_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_methods_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Other methods </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_methods_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mutual_masturbation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mutual_masturbation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Mutual masturbation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mutual_masturbation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Frequency,_age,_and_sex" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Frequency,_age,_and_sex"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Frequency, age, and sex </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Frequency,_age,_and_sex-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evolutionary_utility" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evolutionary_utility"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Evolutionary utility </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evolutionary_utility-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_effects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_effects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Health effects </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Health_effects-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Health effects subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Health_effects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Benefits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Benefits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Benefits </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Benefits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Risks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Risks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Risks </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Risks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Cultural history </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cultural_history-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Cultural history subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Cultural_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ancient_world" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_world"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Ancient world </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_world-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Development_of_the_contemporary_Western_world_view" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development_of_the_contemporary_Western_world_view"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2 Development of the contemporary Western world view </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development_of_the_contemporary_Western_world_view-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-18th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#18th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2.1 18th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-18th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2.2 19th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2.3 20th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2.4 21st century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_modern_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_modern_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 In modern culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_modern_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle In modern culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-In_modern_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Stigma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stigma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1 Stigma </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stigma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sperm_donation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sperm_donation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2 Sperm donation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sperm_donation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Encouragement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Encouragement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.3 Encouragement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Encouragement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.4 Law </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_views" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_views"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.5 Religious views </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious_views-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 In popular culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle In popular culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Literature </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.2 Music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.3 Television </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.4 Film </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pornography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pornography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.5 Pornography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pornography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Illustrations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Illustrations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.6 Illustrations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Illustrations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_animals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_animals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Other animals </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_animals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Masturbation</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 115 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-115" aria-hidden="true" > 115 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbasie" title="Masturbasie – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Masturbasie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbation" title="Masturbation – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Masturbation" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="استمناء – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="استمناء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbaci%C3%B3n" title="Masturbación – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Masturbación" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbaci%C3%B3n" title="Masturbación – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Masturbación" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbasiya" title="Masturbasiya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Masturbasiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8" title="হস্তমৈথুন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হস্তমৈথুন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phah-chhi%C3%BA-chh%C3%A8ng" title="Phah-chhiú-chhèng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Phah-chhiú-chhèng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Мастурбацыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мастурбацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Мастурбацыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мастурбацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagsalsal" title="Pagsalsal – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Pagsalsal" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Мастурбация – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мастурбация" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="ལག་གཡེམ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ལག་གཡེམ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbacija" title="Masturbacija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Masturbacija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emfloura%C3%B1" title="Emflourañ – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Emflourañ" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbaci%C3%B3" title="Masturbació – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Masturbació" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbace" title="Masturbace – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Masturbace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonyora" title="Bonyora – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Bonyora" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunan_leddfu" title="Hunan leddfu – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Hunan leddfu" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onani" title="Onani – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Onani" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbation" title="Masturbation – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Masturbation" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbeerimine" title="Masturbeerimine – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Masturbeerimine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Αυνανισμός – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αυνανισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbaci%C3%B3n" title="Masturbación – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Masturbación" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbado" title="Masturbado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Masturbado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbazio" title="Masturbazio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Masturbazio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="خودارضایی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خودارضایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbation" title="Masturbation – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Masturbation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbaasje" title="Masturbaasje – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Masturbaasje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glacaireacht" title="Glacaireacht – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Glacaireacht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbaci%C3%B3n" title="Masturbación – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Masturbación" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B9%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%88%E0%AA%A5%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%A8" title="હસ્તમૈથુન – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="હસ્તમૈથુન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%84%ED%96%89%EC%9C%84" title="자위행위 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자위행위" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%81%D5%A5%D5%BC%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AA%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Ձեռնաշարժություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ձեռնաշարժություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8" title="हस्तमैथुन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हस्तमैथुन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samozadovoljavanje" title="Samozadovoljavanje – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Samozadovoljavanje" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbo" title="Masturbo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Masturbo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbasi" title="Masturbasi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Masturbasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indlwabu" title="Indlwabu – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Indlwabu" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sj%C3%A1lfsfr%C3%B3un" title="Sjálfsfróun – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sjálfsfróun" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbazione" title="Masturbazione – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Masturbazione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA" title="אוננות – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוננות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbasi" title="Masturbasi – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Masturbasi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%A5%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A8" title="ಹಸ್ತ ಮೈಥುನ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹಸ್ತ ಮೈಥುನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="მასტურბაცია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მასტურბაცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Мастурбация – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мастурбация" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwikinisha" title="Kwikinisha – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Kwikinisha" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikinyarwanda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punyeto" title="Punyeto – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Punyeto" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destper%C3%AE" title="Destperî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Destperî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Онанизм – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Онанизм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%AA%E0%BB%8D%E0%BA%B2%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%83%E0%BA%84%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%87" title="ການສໍາເລັດຄວາມໃຄ່ດ້ວຍຕົນເອງ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ການສໍາເລັດຄວາມໃຄ່ດ້ວຍຕົນເອງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbatio" title="Masturbatio – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Masturbatio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturb%C4%81cija" title="Masturbācija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Masturbācija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbatioun" title="Masturbatioun – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Masturbatioun" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Мастурбация – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Мастурбация" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbacija" title="Masturbacija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Masturbacija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbazion" title="Masturbazion – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Masturbazion" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96nkiel%C3%A9g%C3%ADt%C3%A9s" title="Önkielégítés – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Önkielégítés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Мастурбација – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мастурбација" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AD%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82" title="സ്വയംഭോഗം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സ്വയംഭോഗം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8" title="हस्तमैथुन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हस्तमैथुन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="მასტურბაცია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მასტურბაცია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%B9%E1%80%80%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AD%E1%80%BF%E1%80%8B%E1%80%BA" title="သုက္ကဝိဿဋ် – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="သုက္ကဝိဿဋ်" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target">ဘာသာမန်</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melancap" title="Melancap – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Melancap" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%95%EA%AF%A4_%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%95" title="ꯅꯥꯕꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯅꯥꯕꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi%C5%AB-%C3%ACng" title="Chiū-ìng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Chiū-ìng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%96%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B1%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="တစ်ကိုယ်ရည်အာသာဖြေခြင်း – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တစ်ကိုယ်ရည်အာသာဖြေခြင်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbatie" title="Masturbatie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Masturbatie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8" title="हस्तमैथुन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हस्तमैथुन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%8A%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC" title="オナニー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オナニー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onani" title="Onani – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Onani" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onani" title="Onani – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Onani" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbacion" title="Masturbacion – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Masturbacion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%88%E0%AC%A5%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%A8" title="ହସ୍ତମୈଥୁନ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ହସ୍ତମୈଥୁନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbatsiya" title="Masturbatsiya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Masturbatsiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="استمناء – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="استمناء" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%84%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%81%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%BD%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%AF%E1%9E%84" title="ការសម្រេចកាមដោយខ្លួនឯង – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ការសម្រេចកាមដោយខ្លួនឯង" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbacja" title="Masturbacja – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Masturbacja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturba%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Masturbação – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Masturbação" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbare" title="Masturbare – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Masturbare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wawsakuy" title="Wawsakuy – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wawsakuy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Мастурбация – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мастурбация" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%85%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83" title="Оххунуу – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Оххунуу" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AA_%D8%B2%D9%86%DB%8C" title="مشت زنی – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="مشت زنی" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbatzione" title="Masturbatzione – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Masturbatzione" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbation" title="Masturbation – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Masturbation" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbimi" title="Masturbimi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Masturbimi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbazzioni" title="Masturbazzioni – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Masturbazzioni" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%82_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="ස්වයං වින්දනය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ස්වයං වින්දනය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbation" title="Masturbation – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Masturbation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AA_%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%8A" title="مشت زني – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مشت زني" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturb%C3%A1cia" title="Masturbácia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Masturbácia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samozadovoljevanje" title="Samozadovoljevanje – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Samozadovoljevanje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siigeysi" title="Siigeysi – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Siigeysi" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%BE%DB%95%DA%95" title="دەستپەڕ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەستپەڕ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Мастурбација – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мастурбација" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbacija" title="Masturbacija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Masturbacija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itsetyydytys" title="Itsetyydytys – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Itsetyydytys" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onani" title="Onani – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Onani" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagsasalsal" title="Pagsasalsal – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pagsasalsal" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="சுய இன்பம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சுய இன்பம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82" title="హస్తప్రయోగం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హస్తప్రయోగం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="การสำเร็จความใคร่ด้วยตนเอง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การสำเร็จความใคร่ด้วยตนเอง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mast%C3%BCrbasyon" title="Mastürbasyon – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mastürbasyon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Мастурбація – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мастурбація" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AA_%D8%B2%D9%86%DB%8C" title="مشت زنی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مشت زنی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%A7_d%C3%A2m" title="Thủ dâm – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thủ dâm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E6%89%8B%E9%8A%83" title="放手銃 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="放手銃" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagsalsal" title="Pagsalsal – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pagsalsal" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%90%93%E5%8D%B5" title="搓卵 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="搓卵" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E6%B7%AB" title="手淫 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="手淫" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturberen" title="Masturberen – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Masturberen" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastorbac%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Mastorbacėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Mastorbacėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%85%B0" title="自慰 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="自慰" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istimna" title="Istimna – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Istimna" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8396#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Masturbation" title="View the content page [c]" 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<div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Sexual stimulation of one's own genitals</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Jacking off" and "Jerking off" redirect here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Jacking" title="Jacking">jacking</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Male_masturbation.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Male_masturbation.svg/200px-Male_masturbation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Male_masturbation.svg/300px-Male_masturbation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Male_masturbation.svg/400px-Male_masturbation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="318" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">A male masturbating</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Woman_masturbating.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Woman_masturbating.tif/lossless-page1-200px-Woman_masturbating.tif.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Woman_masturbating.tif/lossless-page1-300px-Woman_masturbating.tif.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Woman_masturbating.tif/lossless-page1-400px-Woman_masturbating.tif.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="614" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">A female masturbating</div></div></div></div></div> Masturbation is a form of <a href="/wiki/Autoeroticism" title="Autoeroticism">autoeroticism</a> in which a person <a href="/wiki/Sexual_stimulation" title="Sexual stimulation">sexually stimulates</a> their own <a href="/wiki/Sex_organ" title="Sex organ">genitals</a> for <a href="/wiki/Sexual_arousal" title="Sexual arousal">sexual arousal</a> or other sexual pleasure, usually to the point of <a href="/wiki/Orgasm" title="Orgasm">orgasm</a>.<a href="#cite_note-webmd-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lehmiller-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Nadal-3">[3]</a> Stimulation may involve use of hands, everyday objects, <a href="/wiki/Sex_toy" title="Sex toy">sex toys</a>, or more rarely, the mouth (<a href="/wiki/Autofellatio" title="Autofellatio">autofellatio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Autocunnilingus" title="Autocunnilingus">autocunnilingus</a>).<a href="#cite_note-webmd-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lehmiller-2">[2]</a> Masturbation may also be performed with a <a href="/wiki/Sexual_partner" title="Sexual partner">sex partner</a>, either masturbating together or watching the other partner masturbate and this is known as "<a href="/wiki/Mutual_masturbation" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutual masturbation">mutual masturbation</a>".<a href="#cite_note-Bruess-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Upton-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Masturbation is frequent in both sexes. Various medical and psychological benefits have been attributed to a healthy attitude toward sexual activity in general and to masturbation in particular. No <a href="/wiki/Causality" title="Causality">causal</a> relationship between masturbation and any form of mental or physical disorder has been found.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-OllendickSchroeder2012-8">[8]</a> Masturbation is considered by clinicians to be a healthy, normal part of sexual enjoyment. The only exceptions to "masturbation causes no harm" are certain cases of <a href="/wiki/Peyronie%27s_disease" title="Peyronie's disease">Peyronie's disease</a><a href="#cite_note-i968-9">[9]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hard_flaccid_syndrome" title="Hard flaccid syndrome">hard flaccid syndrome</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-10">[10]</a> Masturbation has been depicted in art since prehistoric times, and is both mentioned and discussed in very early writings. Religions vary in their <a href="/wiki/Religious_views_on_masturbation" title="Religious views on masturbation">views</a> of masturbation. In the 18th and 19th centuries, some European theologians and physicians described it in negative terms, but during the 20th century, these <a href="/wiki/Taboo" title="Taboo">taboos</a> generally declined. There has been an increase in discussion and portrayal of masturbation in art, popular music, television, films, and literature. The legal status of masturbation has also varied through history and masturbation in public is illegal in most countries.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> <a href="/wiki/Non-reproductive_sexual_behaviour_in_animals#Autoeroticism_or_masturbation" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-reproductive sexual behaviour in animals">Masturbation in non-human animals</a> has been observed both in the wild and captivity.<a href="#cite_note-Poiani2010-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bagemihl,_1999-14">[14]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2></div> The word masturbation was introduced in the 18th century, based on the Latin verb masturbari, alongside the slightly earlier onanism. The <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> verb masturbari is of <a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_ancient_Rome#Masturbation" title="Sexuality in ancient Rome">uncertain origin</a>. Suggested derivations include an unattested word for <a href="/wiki/Human_penis" title="Human penis">penis</a>, *mazdo, cognate with <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Greek</a> μέζεα mézea 'genitals', or alternatively a corruption of an unattested *manu stuprare ("to defile with the hand"), by association with turbare 'to disturb'.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology">Terminology</h2></div> While masturbation is the formal word for this practice, many other expressions are in common use. Terms such as playing with oneself, pleasuring oneself and slang such as <a href="/wiki/Wanker" title="Wanker">wanking</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Darby_pp._205–210-17">[17]</a> jerking off, jacking off, fapping<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Intercrural_sex#Modern_history" title="Intercrural sex">frigging</a> are common. Self-abuse and self-pollution were common in early modern times and are still found in modern dictionaries. A large variety of other <a href="/wiki/Euphemism" title="Euphemism">euphemisms</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dysphemism" title="Dysphemism">dysphemisms</a> exist which describe masturbation. For a list of terms, see the entry for <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wikisaurus:masturbate" class="extiw" title="wikt:Wikisaurus:masturbate">masturbate</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary" title="Wiktionary">Wiktionary</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Techniques">Techniques</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General">General</h3></div> Masturbation involves touching, pressing, rubbing, or massaging one's own <a href="/wiki/Genital" class="mw-redirect" title="Genital">genital</a> area with the hands, fingers, or against an object such as a <a href="/wiki/Pillow" title="Pillow">pillow</a>; inserting fingers or an object into the <a href="/wiki/Vagina" title="Vagina">vagina</a> or <a href="/wiki/Human_anus" title="Human anus">anus</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Anal_masturbation" title="Anal masturbation">anal masturbation</a>); and stimulating the penis or vulva with an electric <a href="/wiki/Vibrator_(sensual)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vibrator (sensual)">vibrator</a>, which may also be inserted into the vagina or anus. It may also involve touching, rubbing, or pinching the <a href="/wiki/Nipple" title="Nipple">nipples</a> or other <a href="/wiki/Erogenous_zones" class="mw-redirect" title="Erogenous zones">erogenous zones</a> while masturbating. Both sexes sometimes apply <a href="/wiki/Personal_lubricant" title="Personal lubricant">lubricants</a> to reduce friction.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%89douard-Henri_Avril_(22).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/%C3%89douard-Henri_Avril_%2822%29.jpg/220px-%C3%89douard-Henri_Avril_%2822%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/%C3%89douard-Henri_Avril_%2822%29.jpg/330px-%C3%89douard-Henri_Avril_%2822%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/%C3%89douard-Henri_Avril_%2822%29.jpg/440px-%C3%89douard-Henri_Avril_%2822%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="560" /></a><figcaption>One of the illustrations to <a href="/wiki/De_figuris_Veneris" title="De figuris Veneris">De figuris Veneris</a> by <a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard-Henri_Avril" title="Édouard-Henri Avril">Édouard-Henri Avril</a>. It portrays a male masturbating by manually stimulating his own penis while <a href="/wiki/Sexual_fantasy" title="Sexual fantasy">sexually fantasizing</a>.</figcaption></figure> Reading or viewing <a href="/wiki/Pornography" title="Pornography">pornography</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sexual_fantasy" title="Sexual fantasy">sexual fantasies</a>, or other erotic stimuli may lead to a desire for sexual release such as by masturbation. Pornography is also used to assist with masturbation and to improve the experience of masturbating.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Some people get <a href="/wiki/Sexual_pleasure" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual pleasure">sexual pleasure</a> by inserting objects, such as <a href="/wiki/Urethral_sounding" title="Urethral sounding">urethral sounds</a>, into the <a href="/wiki/Urethra" title="Urethra">urethra</a> (the tube through which urine and, in men, semen, flows),<a href="#cite_note-Alice05-21">[21]</a> a practice known as <a href="/wiki/Urethral_play" class="mw-redirect" title="Urethral play">urethral play</a> or "sounding".<a href="#cite_note-BME06-22">[22]</a> Other objects such as ball point pens and thermometers are sometimes used, although this practice can lead to injury or infection.<a href="#cite_note-JAAPA06-23">[23]</a> Some people use <a href="/wiki/Sex_machine" title="Sex machine">sex machines</a> to simulate intercourse.<a href="#cite_note-leung-24">[24]</a> Men and women may masturbate until they are close to orgasm, stop for a while to reduce excitement, and then resume masturbating. They may repeat this cycle multiple times. This "stop and go" build-up, known as "<a href="/wiki/Edging_(sexual_practice)" title="Edging (sexual practice)">edging</a>", can achieve even stronger orgasms.<a href="#cite_note-SXED1-25">[25]</a> Rarely, people quit stimulation just before orgasm to retain the heightened energy that normally comes down after orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Female_masturbation">Female masturbation</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Manual_stimulation_(fingering)">Manual stimulation (fingering)</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Fingering_(sexual_act)" title="Fingering (sexual act)">Fingering (sexual act)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Klimt_Mulher_sentada.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Klimt_Mulher_sentada.jpg/220px-Klimt_Mulher_sentada.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Klimt_Mulher_sentada.jpg/330px-Klimt_Mulher_sentada.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Klimt_Mulher_sentada.jpg/440px-Klimt_Mulher_sentada.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="625" /></a><figcaption>Illustration of a female masturbating by manually stimulating her own vulva (fingering) – <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Klimt" title="Gustav Klimt">Gustav Klimt</a>'s Woman seated with thighs apart (1916)</figcaption></figure> Manual stimulation for masturbation among females involves the stroking or rubbing of the <a href="/wiki/Vulva" title="Vulva">vulva</a>, especially the <a href="/wiki/Clitoris" title="Clitoris">clitoris</a>, with an <a href="/wiki/Index_finger" title="Index finger">index</a> or <a href="/wiki/Middle_finger" title="Middle finger">middle finger</a>, or both. Sometimes one or more fingers may be inserted into the vagina to stroke its frontal wall where the <a href="/wiki/G-spot" title="G-spot">G-spot</a> may be located.<a href="#cite_note-Keesling99-27">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_methods">Other methods</h3></div> Masturbation aids such as a vibrator, <a href="/wiki/Dildo" title="Dildo">dildo</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Ben_Wa_balls" title="Ben Wa balls">Ben Wa balls</a> can also be used to stimulate the vagina and clitoris. Many women caress their breasts or stimulate a nipple with the free hand and anal stimulation is also enjoyed by some. Personal lubricant is sometimes used during masturbation, especially when <a href="/wiki/Sexual_penetration" title="Sexual penetration">penetration</a> is involved, but this is not universal and many women find their <a href="/wiki/Vaginal_lubrication" title="Vaginal lubrication">natural lubrication</a> sufficient. Common positions for female masturbation include lying on one's back or face down, sitting, <a href="/wiki/Squatting_position" title="Squatting position">squatting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kneeling" title="Kneeling">kneeling</a>, or standing. In a bath or shower, a female may direct water via a handheld showerhead at her clitoris, vulva, or perineum. Lying face down one may use their hands, one may straddle a pillow, the corner or edge of the bed, a partner's leg or some scrunched-up clothing and "<a href="/wiki/Dry_hump" class="mw-redirect" title="Dry hump">hump</a>" the vulva and clitoris against it. Standing up, a chair, the corner of an item of furniture, or even a washing machine can be used to stimulate the clitoris through the labia and clothing. Some masturbate only using pressure applied to the clitoris without direct contact, for example by pressing the palm or ball of the hand against <a href="/wiki/Underwear" title="Underwear">underwear</a> or other clothing.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In the 1920s, <a href="/wiki/Havelock_Ellis" title="Havelock Ellis">Havelock Ellis</a> reported that turn-of-the-century seamstresses using treadle-operated sewing machines could achieve orgasm by sitting near the edge of their chairs.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Women can stimulate themselves sexually by crossing their legs tightly and clenching the muscles in their legs, creating pressure on the genitals. This can potentially be done in public without observers noticing. Thoughts, fantasies, and memories of previous instances of arousal and orgasm can produce sexual excitation. Some women can orgasm spontaneously by force of will alone, although this may not strictly qualify as masturbation as no physical stimulus is involved.<a href="#cite_note-Koedt70-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-kins-30">[30]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sex_therapy" title="Sex therapy">Sex therapists</a> will sometimes recommend that female patients take time to masturbate to orgasm, for example, to help improve sexual health and relationships, to help determine what is erotically pleasing to them, and because mutual masturbation can lead to more satisfying sexual relationships and added intimacy.<a href="#cite_note-Shuman06-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-Knowles02-32">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Male_masturbation">Male masturbation</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Manual_stimulation">Manual stimulation</h3></div> The most common masturbation technique is to hold the <a href="/wiki/Human_penis" title="Human penis">penis</a> with a loose fist and then move the hand up and down on the <a href="/wiki/Glans_penis" title="Glans penis">glans</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Body_of_penis" title="Body of penis">shaft</a> of the penis.<a href="#cite_note-:0-33">[33]</a> This type of stimulation can result in <a href="/wiki/Orgasm" title="Orgasm">orgasm</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ejaculation" title="Ejaculation">ejaculation</a>. The hand motion and the speed of the action may vary throughout the masturbation session. Some men may use their free hand to <a href="/wiki/Fondle" class="mw-redirect" title="Fondle">fondle</a> their <a href="/wiki/Scrotum" title="Scrotum">scrotum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Testicles" class="mw-redirect" title="Testicles">testicles</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Perineum" title="Perineum">perineum</a>, and other body parts, or may place both hands directly on the penis. Common positions include standing, sitting, lying on one's back or lying face down, <a href="/wiki/Squatting_position" title="Squatting position">squatting</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Kneeling" title="Kneeling">kneeling</a>. In some cases, to avoid friction and irritation or to enhance sexual sensation, men prefer to use a <a href="/wiki/Personal_lubricant" title="Personal lubricant">personal lubricant</a> or <a href="/wiki/Saliva" title="Saliva">saliva</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-33">[33]</a> Men may also rub or massage different areas of their glans, like its <a href="/wiki/Ventral" class="mw-redirect" title="Ventral">ventral</a> surface, the left and right sides, the rounded rim, known as the <a href="/wiki/Corona_of_glans_penis" title="Corona of glans penis">corona</a>, and around the <a href="/wiki/Penile_frenulum" title="Penile frenulum">frenulum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Some men lie face down in <a href="/wiki/Prone_position" title="Prone position">prone position</a> and gently rub their penis against a comfortable surface, such as a mattress or pillow, a technique known as prone masturbation.<a href="#cite_note-:0-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-Prone_Masturbation-35">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_methods_2">Other methods</h3></div> <a href="/wiki/Prostate_massage" title="Prostate massage">Prostate massage</a> is one other technique used for sexual stimulation, often to reach orgasm. The <a href="/wiki/Prostate" title="Prostate">prostate</a> is sometimes referred to as the "male <a href="/wiki/G-spot" title="G-spot">G-spot</a>" or P-spot.<a href="#cite_note-Psychology_Today_2014-36">[36]</a> Some men can achieve orgasm through stimulation of the prostate gland, by stimulating it using a well-lubricated finger or dildo inserted through the anus into the <a href="/wiki/Rectum" title="Rectum">rectum</a>. Men who report the sensation of prostate stimulation often give descriptions similar to females' accounts of G-spot stimulation.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ladas-38">[38]</a> In some men, prostate stimulation might produce more intense orgasms than penile stimulation.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-37">[37]</a> Stimulating the prostate from outside, via pressure on the <a href="/wiki/Perineum" title="Perineum">perineum</a>, can be pleasurable as well.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Anal masturbation without any prostate stimulation, with fingers or otherwise, is also a technique that some men enjoy. The muscles of the anus contract during orgasm, thus the presence of an object holding the <a href="/wiki/Sphincter" title="Sphincter">sphincter</a> open can strengthen the sensation of the contractions and intensify orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Some men keep their hands stationary while pumping into them with pelvic thrusts to simulate the motions of <a href="/wiki/Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">sexual intercourse</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Nipple" title="Nipple">nipples</a> are erogenous zones and vigorous stimulation of them during masturbation can result in enhanced sexual arousal.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> Others may also use vibrators and other sexual devices for sexual stimulation. The device can be used to stimulate the penis and other areas, like the scrotum, the perineum or the anus.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> Other sexual toys for men are <a href="/wiki/Artificial_vagina" title="Artificial vagina">artificial vaginas</a>, like <a href="/wiki/Fleshlight" title="Fleshlight">fleshlights</a> or other <a href="/wiki/Simulacrum" title="Simulacrum">simulacrums</a>.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> In a bath or shower, a male may direct water via a handheld <a href="/wiki/Shower" title="Shower">showerhead</a> at his frenulum, testicles, or perineum. A somewhat controversial ejaculation control technique is to put intense pressure on the perineum, about halfway between the <a href="/wiki/Scrotum" title="Scrotum">scrotum</a> and the anus, just before ejaculating. This can, however, redirect semen into the bladder (referred to as <a href="/wiki/Retrograde_ejaculation" title="Retrograde ejaculation">retrograde ejaculation</a>).<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mutual_masturbation">Mutual masturbation</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Non-penetrative_sex" title="Non-penetrative sex">Non-penetrative sex</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%22Well,_we_just_kissed...%22.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/%22Well%2C_we_just_kissed...%22.jpg/220px-%22Well%2C_we_just_kissed...%22.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/%22Well%2C_we_just_kissed...%22.jpg/330px-%22Well%2C_we_just_kissed...%22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/%22Well%2C_we_just_kissed...%22.jpg/440px-%22Well%2C_we_just_kissed...%22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2270" data-file-height="2115" /></a><figcaption>Watercolor of a couple engaging in mutual masturbation by touching their own genitals</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Non-penetrative_sex#Mutual_masturbation" title="Non-penetrative sex">Mutual masturbation</a> involves two or more people who either masturbate at the same time or sexually stimulate each other, usually with the hands. It can be practiced by people of any <a href="/wiki/Sexual_orientation" title="Sexual orientation">sexual orientation</a>, and can be part of other sexual activity. It may be used as <a href="/wiki/Foreplay" title="Foreplay">foreplay</a>, or as an alternative to sexual penetration.<a href="#cite_note-Nadal-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bruess-4">[4]</a> When used as an alternative to penile-vaginal penetration, the goal may be to preserve <a href="/wiki/Virgin" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin">virginity</a> or to avoid risk of pregnancy.<a href="#cite_note-Carpenter-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-Intimate-46">[46]</a> Forms of mutual masturbation include: <ul><li>Non-contact mutual masturbation – Two people masturbating in the presence of each other but not touching.</li> <li>Contact mutual masturbation – One person touching another person to masturbate. The other person may do the same during or after.</li> <li>Non-contact group – More than two people masturbating in the presence of each other in a group but not touching each other.</li> <li>Contact group – More than two people physically touching each other to masturbate as a group.</li> <li>Mutual masturbation foreplay – The manual stimulation of each other's genitals where the session eventually leads to sexual intercourse.<a href="#cite_note-MUTUAL-47">[47]</a></li> <li>Remote mutual masturbation – Some mutual masturbation occurs between individuals in different locations, facilitated by internet enabled devices, sometimes referred to as <a href="/wiki/Teledildonics" title="Teledildonics">teledildonics</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Frequency,_age,_and_sex">Frequency, age, and sex</h2></div> Frequency of masturbation is determined by many factors, e.g., one's resistance to <a href="/wiki/Sexual_tension" title="Sexual tension">sexual tension</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hormone" title="Hormone">hormone</a> levels influencing <a href="/wiki/Sexual_arousal" title="Sexual arousal">sexual arousal</a>, sexual habits, peer influences, health and one's attitude to masturbation formed by culture; E. Heiby and J. Becker examined the latter.<a href="#cite_note-Heiby80-48">[48]</a> Medical causes have also been associated with masturbation, wherein masturbation is not cause, but effect,<a href="#cite_note-ceylon-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ozmen_Erdogan_Duvenci_Ozyurt_2004_pp._133–136-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-LOPEZ-MEZA_CORONA-VAZQUEZ_RUANO-CALDERON_RAMIREZ-BERMUDEZ_2005_pp._739–742-51">[51]</a> with the exception of inserting foreign objects into the urinary bladder.<a href="#cite_note-Wenger-52">[52]</a> Different studies have found that masturbation is frequent in humans. <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Kinsey" title="Alfred Kinsey">Alfred Kinsey</a>'s 1950s studies on the US population have shown that 92% of men and 62% of women have masturbated during their lifespan.<a href="#cite_note-kins-30">[30]</a> Similar results have been found in a 2007 British national probability survey. It was found that, among individuals aged 16 to 44, 95% of men and 71% of women masturbated at some point in their lives. 73% of men and 37% of women reported masturbating in the four weeks before their interview, while 53% of men and 18% of women reported masturbating in the previous seven days.<a href="#cite_note-gerr-53">[53]</a> The Merck Manual says that 97% of men and 80% of women have masturbated and that, generally speaking, males masturbate more than females.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-Merck_Manuals_Professional_Edition_2021-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-a823-56">[56]</a> It states that almost half of the population reported to have masturbated in the past four weeks.<a href="#cite_note-Brown_2023_e686-57">[57]</a> Masturbation is considered normal when performed by children,<a href="#cite_note-Longe2011-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-OllendickSchroeder2012-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> even in early infancy.<a href="#cite_note-ceylon-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-CS_Mott_Childrens_Hospital-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-Jacoby_Youngson_Marshall_Cavendish_Corporation_2004_p._1162-61">[61]</a> In 2009, the <a href="/wiki/Sheffield_Teaching_Hospitals_NHS_Foundation_Trust" title="Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust">Sheffield NHS Health Trust</a> issued a pamphlet called "Pleasure" which discussed the health benefits of masturbation. This was done in response to data and experience from the other EU member states to reduce teen pregnancy and <a href="/wiki/Sexually_transmitted_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexually transmitted disease">STIs (STDs)</a>, and to promote healthy habits.<a href="#cite_note-Nikkhah_2009-62">[62]</a> According to the New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry (1st ed.), "Masturbation and sexual play are common well before puberty. Sexual behaviour in young children is common, and should only be regarded as a sign of sexual abuse when it is out of context and is inappropriate."<a href="#cite_note-Gelder_2000_p.-63">[63]</a> In the book Human Sexuality: Diversity in Contemporary America, by Strong, Devault and Sayad, the authors point out, "A baby boy may laugh in his crib while playing with his erect penis". "Baby girls sometimes move their bodies rhythmically, almost violently, appearing to experience orgasm."<a href="#cite_note-Strong_Yarber_DeVault_Sayad_2008_p.-64">[64]</a> Italian gynecologists Giorgio Giorgi and Marco Siccardi observed via <a href="/wiki/Medical_ultrasonography" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical ultrasonography">ultrasound</a> a female fetus possibly masturbating and having what appeared to be an orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Popular belief asserts that individuals of either sex who are not in sexually active relationships tend to masturbate more frequently than those who are; however, much of the time this is not true as masturbation alone or with a partner is often a feature of a relationship. Contrary to this belief, several studies reveal a positive correlation between the frequency of masturbation and the frequency of intercourse. A study has reported a significantly higher rate of masturbation in gay men and women who were in a relationship.<a href="#cite_note-gerr-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-Heilborn_Cabral_2006_pp._1471–1481-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-Menon_Williams_Watson_pp._125–127-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-Burleson_Trevathan_Gregory_2002_pp._489–503-68">[68]</a> Coon and Mitterer stated: "Approximately 70 percent of married women and men masturbate at least occasionally."<a href="#cite_note-CoonMitterer2014-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-CoonMitterer2016-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-Coon_Mitterer_Martini_2021_p._360-71">[71]</a> Mitterer, Coon and Martini wrote in 2015: "Do more men masturbate than women? Yes. While 89 percent of women reported that they had masturbated at some time, the figure was 95 percent for men. (Some cynics add, 'And the other 5 percent lied!')"<a href="#cite_note-Mitterer_Coon_Martini_2015_p.-72">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolutionary_utility">Evolutionary utility</h2></div> Female masturbation alters conditions in the vagina, cervix and uterus, in ways that can alter the chances of conception from intercourse, depending on the timing of the masturbation. A female's orgasm between one minute before and 45 minutes after insemination favors the chances of sperm reaching her egg. If, for example, she has had intercourse with more than one male, such an orgasm can increase the likelihood of a pregnancy by one of them.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ejaculate_manipulation_by_females-74">[74]</a> Female masturbation can also provide protection against cervical infections by increasing the acidity of the cervical mucus and by moving debris out of the cervix.<a href="#cite_note-Ejaculate_manipulation_by_females-74">[74]</a> In males, masturbation flushes out old sperm with low <a href="/wiki/Motility" title="Motility">motility</a> from the male's genital tract. The next ejaculation then contains proportionally more fresh sperm, which have higher chances of achieving conception during intercourse. If more than one male has intercourse with a female, the sperm with the highest motility will <a href="/wiki/Sperm_competition" title="Sperm competition">compete</a> more effectively.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health_effects">Health effects</h2></div> The <a href="/wiki/American_Medical_Association" title="American Medical Association">American Medical Association</a> declared masturbation to be normal by consensus in 1972.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> It does not deplete one's body of energy<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> or cause <a href="/wiki/Premature_ejaculation" title="Premature ejaculation">premature ejaculation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Strassberg2015-80">[80]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Medical_consensus" title="Medical consensus">medical consensus</a> is that masturbation is a medically healthy and <a href="/wiki/Normality_(behavior)#Clinical" title="Normality (behavior)">psychologically normal</a> habit.<a href="#cite_note-Merck_Manuals_Professional_Edition_2021-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-Merck-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-patton-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-boulware-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-Szasz-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-Shpancer2010-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-Coon2014-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sigel2004-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wood2005-88">[88]</a> According to the <a href="/wiki/Merck_Manual_of_Diagnosis_and_Therapy" title="Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy">Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy</a>, "It is considered abnormal only when it inhibits partner-oriented behavior, is done in public, or is sufficiently compulsive to cause distress."<a href="#cite_note-Merck_Manuals_Professional_Edition_2021-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> Solo masturbation is a sexual activity that is nearly free of risk of <a href="/wiki/Sexually_transmitted_infection" title="Sexually transmitted infection">sexually transmitted infection</a>.<a href="#cite_note-PlannedParenthood-90">[90]</a> With two or more participants, the risk of sexually transmitted infection, while not eliminated, remains lower than with most forms of <a href="/wiki/Penetrative_sex" class="mw-redirect" title="Penetrative sex">penetrative sex</a>. Support for such a view and for making masturbation part of the American sex education curriculum led to the dismissal of <a href="/wiki/Surgeon_General_of_the_United_States" title="Surgeon General of the United States">US Surgeon General</a> <a href="/wiki/Joycelyn_Elders" title="Joycelyn Elders">Joycelyn Elders</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Clinton administration</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Elders-91">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Benefits">Benefits</h3></div> Masturbation among adolescents contributes to their developing a sense of mastery over sexual impulses, and it has a role in the physical and emotional development of prepubescents and pubescents.<a href="#cite_note-Datta-92">[92]</a> Sex therapists sometimes recommend that female patients take time to masturbate to orgasm; for example, to help improve sexual health and relationships, to help determine what is erotically pleasing to them, and because mutual masturbation can lead to more satisfying sexual relationships and added intimacy.<a href="#cite_note-Shuman06-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-Knowles02-32">[32]</a> <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopedia Britannica</a> mentions the use of masturbation inside sex therapy.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-93">[93]</a> So does Human Sexuality: An Encyclopedia, also.<a href="#cite_note-j269-94">[94]</a> Britannica also calls the idea that masturbation is physically harmful a "myth", and states that there is no evidence that it is an immature behavior.<a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica-95">[95]</a> Mutual masturbation enables partners in a couple to reveal the "map to [their] pleasure centers", learning how they enjoy being touched. When intercourse is inconvenient or impractical, mutual masturbation affords couples the opportunity to obtain sexual release as often as desired.<a href="#cite_note-BadgerHerald-96">[96]</a> It is held in many mental health circles that masturbation can relieve <a href="/wiki/Major_depressive_disorder" title="Major depressive disorder">depression</a> and lead to a higher sense of <a href="/wiki/Self-esteem" title="Self-esteem">self-esteem</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Krapp_Wilson_Gale_Group_2005_p._1148-97">[97]</a> When one partner in a relationship wants more sex than the other, masturbation can provide a balancing effect and promote a more harmonious relationship.<a href="#cite_note-BadgerHerald-96">[96]</a> In 2003, an Australian research team led by Graham Giles of <a href="/wiki/The_Cancer_Council_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="The Cancer Council Australia">The Cancer Council Australia</a><a href="#cite_note-Giles_Severi_English_McCredie_pp._211–216-98">[98]</a> found that males who masturbated frequently had a lower probability of developing <a href="/wiki/Prostate_cancer" title="Prostate cancer">prostate cancer</a>, although they could not demonstrate a direct causation. A 2008 study concluded that frequent ejaculation between the ages of 20 and 40 was correlated with higher risk of developing prostate cancer, while frequent ejaculation in the sixth decade of life was found to be correlated with a lower risk.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> However, a larger 2016 study found that regular ejaculation markedly reduced prostate cancer risk in all age groups.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> A study published in 1997 found an inverse association between death from <a href="/wiki/Coronary_heart_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Coronary heart disease">coronary heart disease</a> and frequency of orgasm, even given the risk that myocardial <a href="/wiki/Ischaemia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ischaemia">ischaemia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Myocardial_infarction" title="Myocardial infarction">myocardial infarction</a> can be triggered by sexual activity. Its authors stated: "The association between frequency of orgasm and all cause mortality was also examined using the midpoint of each response category recorded as number of orgasms per year. The age adjusted <a href="/wiki/Odds_ratio" title="Odds ratio">odds ratio</a> for an increase of 100 orgasms per year was 0.64 (0.44 to 0.95)." That is, a difference in mortality appeared between any two subjects when one subject ejaculated at around two times per week more than the other. Assuming a broad range average of between three and five ejaculations per week for healthy males, this would mean five to seven ejaculations per week. This is consistent with a 2003 paper that found the strength of these correlations increased with increasing frequency of ejaculation.<a href="#cite_note-Smith_Frankel_Yarnell_pp._1641–1644-101">[101]</a> A 2008 study at <a href="/wiki/Tabriz_University_of_Medical_Sciences" title="Tabriz University of Medical Sciences">Tabriz Medical University</a> found that ejaculation reduces swollen nasal blood vessels, freeing the airway for normal breathing. The mechanism is through stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system and is long-lasting. The study author suggests: "It can be done [from] time-to-time to alleviate the congestion and the patient can adjust the number of intercourses or masturbations depending on the severity of the symptoms."<a href="#cite_note-New_Scientist-102">[102]</a> Sexual climax leaves an individual in a relaxed and contented state, frequently followed by drowsiness and sleep.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> Some professionals consider masturbation equivalent to a cardiovascular workout.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> Though research remains scant, those suffering from cardiovascular disorders, particularly those recovering from <a href="/wiki/Heart_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Heart attack">heart attacks</a>, should resume physical activity gradually and with the frequency and rigor which their physical status will allow. This limitation can serve as encouragement to follow through with <a href="/wiki/Physical_therapy" title="Physical therapy">physical therapy</a> sessions to help improve endurance. In general, sex slightly increases energy consumption.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Risks">Risks</h3></div> Masturbation is generally safe,<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> and complications are rare. When issues do occur, they are generally due to methodology<a href="#cite_note-Medscape_Reference_2018-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-112">[112]</a> or underlying psychiatric illness.<a href="#cite_note-American_Psychiatric_Association_2022_ch._16-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-:4-114">[114]</a> Those who insert objects as aids to masturbation risk them becoming stuck (either due to size, technique, or anatomy; including <a href="/wiki/Rectal_foreign_body" title="Rectal foreign body">rectal foreign bodies</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-111">[111]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Urethral_foreign_body" title="Urethral foreign body">urethral foreign bodies</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-112">[112]</a>), causing damage. Such risks can effect both men and women, with a multitude of case reports available, including that of a female who pierced her urethra after inserting two pencils during masturbation,<a href="#cite_note-Wenger-52">[52]</a> and the case of a male who required extensive treatment after inserting a pair of headphones into his bladder.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> A male whose penis is bluntly traumatized during intercourse or masturbation may, rarely, sustain a <a href="/wiki/Penile_fracture" title="Penile fracture">penile fracture</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Medscape_Reference_2018-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> develop <a href="/wiki/Peyronie%27s_disease" title="Peyronie's disease">Peyronie's disease</a>,<a href="#cite_note-i968-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> or induce <a href="/wiki/Hard_flaccid_syndrome" title="Hard flaccid syndrome">hard flaccid syndrome</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-10">[10]</a> In these cases, any energetic manipulation of the penis can cause discomfort or further damage. A small percentage of males experience <a href="/wiki/Postorgasmic_illness_syndrome" title="Postorgasmic illness syndrome">postorgasmic illness syndrome</a> (POIS), which can cause severe muscle pain throughout the body and other symptoms immediately following ejaculation, whether due to masturbation or partnered sex. The symptoms last for up to a week.<a href="#cite_note-Balon2005-119">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wylie2015-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-GARD-121">[121]</a> Some doctors speculate that the frequency of POIS "in the population may be greater than has been reported in the academic literature",<a href="#cite_note-Ashby2010-122">[122]</a> and that many cases are undiagnosed.<a href="#cite_note-McMahon2014-123">[123]</a> Compulsive masturbation and other compulsive behaviors can be signs of an emotional problem, which may need to be addressed by a mental health specialist.<a href="#cite_note-:4-114">[114]</a> As with any "nervous habit", it is more helpful to consider the causes of compulsive behavior, rather than try to repress masturbation.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> Alongside many other factors—such as medical evidence, age-inappropriate sexual knowledge, sexualized play and precocious or seductive behavior—excessive masturbation may be an indicator of <a href="/wiki/Sexual_abuse" title="Sexual abuse">sexual abuse</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Myers-125">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-Faller-126">[126]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/DSM-5-TR" class="mw-redirect" title="DSM-5-TR">DSM-5-TR</a>, "Delayed ejaculation is associated with highly frequent masturbation, use of masturbation techniques not easily duplicated by a partner, and marked disparities between sexual fantasies during masturbation and the reality of sex with a partner."<a href="#cite_note-American_Psychiatric_Association_2022_ch._16-113">[113]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_history">Cultural history</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_masturbation" title="History of masturbation">History of masturbation</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_world">Ancient world</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cr%C3%A1tera_%C3%A1tica_de_columnas_(M.A.N._1999-99-65)_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cr%C3%A1tera_%C3%A1tica_de_columnas_%28M.A.N._1999-99-65%29_02.jpg/180px-Cr%C3%A1tera_%C3%A1tica_de_columnas_%28M.A.N._1999-99-65%29_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cr%C3%A1tera_%C3%A1tica_de_columnas_%28M.A.N._1999-99-65%29_02.jpg/270px-Cr%C3%A1tera_%C3%A1tica_de_columnas_%28M.A.N._1999-99-65%29_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cr%C3%A1tera_%C3%A1tica_de_columnas_%28M.A.N._1999-99-65%29_02.jpg/360px-Cr%C3%A1tera_%C3%A1tica_de_columnas_%28M.A.N._1999-99-65%29_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1608" data-file-height="2231" /></a><figcaption>Detail of a <a href="/wiki/Krater" title="Krater">krater</a>, dating to <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 560–550 BC, showing a <a href="/wiki/Satyr" title="Satyr">satyr</a> masturbating, a common scene in many ancient Greek pottery paintings<a href="#cite_note-Stafford2011-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-March2014-128">[128]</a></figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Human_sexuality" title="Human sexuality">sexual</a> stimulation of one's own <a href="/wiki/Sex_organ" title="Sex organ">genitals</a> has been <a href="/wiki/Religious_views_on_masturbation" title="Religious views on masturbation">interpreted variously by different religions</a>, the subject of legislation, social controversy, activism, as well as intellectual study in <a href="/wiki/Sexology" title="Sexology">sexology</a>. Social views regarding masturbation taboo have varied greatly in different cultures, and over history. There are depictions of male and female masturbation in prehistoric <a href="/wiki/Rock_painting" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock painting">rock paintings</a> around the world. From the earliest records, the ancient <a href="/wiki/Sumer" title="Sumer">Sumerians</a> had very relaxed attitudes toward sex.<a href="#cite_note-Dening1996-129">[129]</a> The Sumerians widely believed that masturbation enhanced sexual potency, both for men and for women,<a href="#cite_note-Dening1996-129">[129]</a> and they frequently engaged in it, both alone and with their partners.<a href="#cite_note-Dening1996-129">[129]</a> Men would often use puru-oil, a special oil probably mixed with pulverized <a href="/wiki/Iron_ore" title="Iron ore">iron ore</a> intended to enhance friction.<a href="#cite_note-Dening1996-129">[129]</a> Masturbation was also an act of creation and, in <a href="/wiki/Sumerian_religion" title="Sumerian religion">Sumerian mythology</a>, the god <a href="/wiki/Enki" title="Enki">Enki</a> was believed to have created the <a href="/wiki/Tigris" title="Tigris">Tigris</a> and <a href="/wiki/Euphrates" title="Euphrates">Euphrates</a> rivers by masturbating and ejaculating into their empty <a href="/wiki/Stream_bed" title="Stream bed">riverbeds</a>.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">ancient Egyptians</a> also regarded masturbation by a deity as an act of creation; the god <a href="/wiki/Atum" title="Atum">Atum</a> was believed to have created the universe by masturbating to ejaculation.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greeks" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greeks">ancient Greeks</a> also regarded masturbation as a normal and healthy substitute for other forms of sexual pleasure.<a href="#cite_note-rosenfeld-132">[132]</a> Most information about masturbation in ancient Greece comes from surviving works of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_comedy" title="Ancient Greek comedy">ancient Greek comedy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pottery_of_ancient_Greece" title="Pottery of ancient Greece">pottery</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Stafford2011-127">[127]</a> Masturbation is frequently referenced in the surviving comedies of <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a>, which are the most important sources of information on ancient Greek views on the subject.<a href="#cite_note-Stafford2011-127">[127]</a> In ancient Greek pottery, <a href="/wiki/Satyr" title="Satyr">satyrs</a> are often depicted masturbating.<a href="#cite_note-Stafford2011-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-March2014-128">[128]</a> According to the <a href="/wiki/Lives_and_Opinions_of_Eminent_Philosophers" class="mw-redirect" title="Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers">Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers</a> by the third-century AD biographer <a href="/wiki/Diogenes_La%C3%ABrtius" class="mw-redirect" title="Diogenes Laërtius">Diogenes Laërtius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diogenes_of_Sinope" class="mw-redirect" title="Diogenes of Sinope">Diogenes of Sinope</a>, the fourth-century BC <a href="/wiki/Cynicism_(philosophy)" title="Cynicism (philosophy)">Cynic</a> philosopher, often masturbated in public, which was considered scandalous.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-133">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-Allen2006-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-Alison2015-135">[135]</a> When people confronted him over this, he would say, "If only it were as easy to banish hunger by rubbing my belly."<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-133">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-Allen2006-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-Alison2015-135">[135]</a> Among non-western perspectives on the matter, some teachers and practitioners of Traditional Chinese medicine, Taoist meditative and martial arts say that masturbation can cause a lowered <a href="/wiki/Jing_(Chinese_medicine)" title="Jing (Chinese medicine)">energy</a> level of the <a href="/wiki/Yin_and_yang" title="Yin and yang">yang</a> in men, but causes no harm to women with <a href="/wiki/Yin_and_yang" title="Yin and yang">yin</a>, even going further to introduce masturbating tools for women in books.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> Within the <a href="/wiki/Congo_Basin" title="Congo Basin">African Congo Basin</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Aka_people" title="Aka people">Aka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ngando_people" title="Ngando people">Ngandu</a>, Lesi, Brbs, and Ituri <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups">ethnic groups</a> all lack a word for masturbation in their languages and are confused by the concept of masturbation.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development_of_the_contemporary_Western_world_view">Development of the contemporary Western world view</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="18th_century">18th century</h4></div> Onanism is a hybrid term which combines the proper noun, <a href="/wiki/Onan" title="Onan">Onan</a>, with the suffix, -ism.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> Notions of self-pollution, impurity and uncleanness were increasingly associated with various other sexual vices and crimes of the body (such as fornication, sodomy, adultery, incest and obscene language); in reaction to the 17th-century libertine culture, middle-class moralists increasingly campaigned for a reformation of manners and a stricter regulation of the body. Paradoxically, a crime that was secret and private became a popular and fashionable topic. Moreover, writers tended to focus more on the perceived links with mental and physical illnesses that were deemed to be associated with the sense of moral outrage. Attention increasingly shifted to the prevention and cure of this illness which perilously sapped men of their virility.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> The first use of the word "onanism" to consistently and specifically refer to masturbation is a pamphlet first distributed in London in 1716, titled "<a href="/wiki/Onania,_or_the_Heinous_Sin_of_self-Pollution" class="mw-redirect" title="Onania, or the Heinous Sin of self-Pollution">Onania, or the Heinous Sin of self-Pollution</a>, And All Its Frightful Consequences, In Both Sexes, Considered: With Spiritual and Physical Advice To Those Who Have Already Injured Themselves By This Abominable Practice." The Online Etymology Dictionary, however, claims the earliest known use of onanism occurred in 1727. In 1743–1745, the British physician <a href="/wiki/Robert_James_(physician)" title="Robert James (physician)">Robert James</a> published A Medicinal Dictionary, in which he described masturbation as being "productive of the most deplorable and generally incurable disorders" and stated that "there is perhaps no sin productive of so many hideous consequences".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStengersvan_Neck200156–57-140">[140]</a> One of the many horrified by the descriptions of malady in Onania was the notable Swiss physician <a href="/wiki/Samuel-Auguste_Tissot" title="Samuel-Auguste Tissot">Samuel-Auguste Tissot</a>. In 1760, he published L'Onanisme, his own comprehensive medical treatise on the purported ill-effects of masturbation. Though Tissot's ideas are now considered <a href="/wiki/Hypothesis" title="Hypothesis">conjectural</a> at best, his treatise was presented as a scholarly, scientific work in a time when experimental physiology was practically nonexistent.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStengersvan_Neck200174-141">[141]</a> <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a> regarded masturbation as a violation of the moral law. In <a href="/wiki/The_Metaphysics_of_Morals" class="mw-redirect" title="The Metaphysics of Morals">The Metaphysics of Morals</a> (1797), he made the <a href="/wiki/A_posteriori" class="mw-redirect" title="A posteriori">a posteriori</a> argument that "such an unnatural use of one's sexual attribute" strikes "everyone upon his thinking of it" as "a violation of one's duty to himself", and suggested that it was regarded as immoral even to give it its proper name (unlike the case of the similarly undutiful act of suicide). He went on, however, to acknowledge that "it is not so easy to produce a rational demonstration of the inadmissibility of that unnatural use", but ultimately concluded that its immorality lay in the fact that "a man gives up his personality … when he uses himself merely as a means for the gratification of an animal drive".<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> His arguments were rejected as flawed by <a href="/wiki/Ethics" title="Ethics">ethicists</a> of the 20th and 21st centuries.<a href="#cite_note-Singer_2013_p._205-143">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-Arroyo_2017_p._131-144">[144]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="19th_century">19th century</h4></div> By 1838, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Esquirol" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Esquirol">Jean Esquirol</a> had declared in his Des Maladies Mentales that masturbation was "recognized in all countries as a cause of insanity".<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> The medical literature of the time also described more invasive procedures including electric shock treatment, <a href="/wiki/Infibulation" title="Infibulation">infibulation</a>, restraining devices like <a href="/wiki/Chastity_belt" title="Chastity belt">chastity belts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Straitjacket" title="Straitjacket">straitjackets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cauterization" title="Cauterization">cauterization</a> or – as a last resort – wholesale <a href="/wiki/Castration" title="Castration">surgical excision</a> of the genitals.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Medical attitudes toward masturbation began to change towards the end of the 19th century when <a href="/wiki/H._Havelock_Ellis" class="mw-redirect" title="H. Havelock Ellis">H. Havelock Ellis</a>, in his seminal 1897 work Studies in the Psychology of Sex, questioned Tissot's premises.<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="20th_century">20th century</h4></div> In 1905, <a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Sigmund Freud</a> addressed masturbation in his Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality and associated it with addictive substances. He described the masturbation of infants at the period when the infant is nursing, at four years of age, and at puberty. At the same time, the supposed medical condition of <a href="/wiki/Female_hysteria" title="Female hysteria">hysteria</a>—from the Greek hystera or uterus—was being treated by what would now be described as medically administered or medically prescribed masturbation for women. In 1910, the meetings of the <a href="/wiki/Vienna_psychoanalytic_circle" class="mw-redirect" title="Vienna psychoanalytic circle">Vienna psychoanalytic circle</a> discussed the moral or health effects of masturbation,<a href="#cite_note-Bennett_1999_pp._269–294-148">[148]</a> but its publication on the matter was suppressed. "<a href="/wiki/Concerning_Specific_Forms_of_Masturbation" title="Concerning Specific Forms of Masturbation">Concerning Specific Forms of Masturbation</a>" is a 1922 essay by another Austrian, the psychiatrist and psychoanalyst <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Reich" title="Wilhelm Reich">Wilhelm Reich</a>. In the seven and a half page essay Reich accepts the prevalent notions on the roles of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Unconscious_fantasy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unconscious fantasy (page does not exist)">unconscious fantasy</a> and the subsequent emerging <a href="/wiki/Guilt_(emotion)" title="Guilt (emotion)">guilt</a> feelings which he saw as originating from the act itself.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] By 1930, <a href="/w/index.php?title=F._W._W._Griffin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F. W. W. Griffin (page does not exist)">F. W. W. Griffin</a>, editor of The Scouter, had written in a book for <a href="/wiki/Rover_Scouts" class="mw-redirect" title="Rover Scouts">Rover Scouts</a> stating that the temptation to masturbate was "a quite natural stage of development" and, citing <a href="/wiki/H._Havelock_Ellis" class="mw-redirect" title="H. Havelock Ellis">Ellis</a>' work, held that "the effort to achieve complete abstinence was a very serious error." The work of sexologist <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Kinsey" title="Alfred Kinsey">Alfred Kinsey</a> during the 1940s and 1950s, most notably the <a href="/wiki/Kinsey_Reports" title="Kinsey Reports">Kinsey Reports</a>, insisted that masturbation was an instinctive behavior for both males and females. In 1961 The Encyclopedia of Sexual Behavior edited by <a href="/wiki/Albert_Ellis" title="Albert Ellis">Albert Ellis</a> and Albert Abarbanel declared that masturbation is normal and healthy at any age.<a href="#cite_note-Ellis_Abarbanel_1961_p.-149">[149]</a> In the US, masturbation has not been a diagnosable condition since <a href="/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders">DSM</a> II (1968).<a href="#cite_note-Ley2014-150">[150]</a> <a href="/wiki/Circumcision" title="Circumcision">Circumcision</a> was sometimes used as a prevention for masturbation, with some mainstream pediatric manuals in English-speaking countries continuing to recommend it as a deterrent against masturbation into the 1950s,<a href="#cite_note-darby_2003-151">[151]</a>: 752  and a 1970 edition of the standard US urology textbook said "Parents readily ... adopt measures which may avert masturbation. Circumcision is usually advised on these grounds."<a href="#cite_note-darby_2003-151">[151]</a>: 750 <a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Szasz" title="Thomas Szasz">Thomas Szasz</a> stated in 1973 the shift in <a href="/wiki/Scientific_consensus" title="Scientific consensus">scientific consensus</a>:<a href="#cite_note-patton-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-boulware-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-moscucci-153">[153]</a> "Masturbation: the primary sexual activity of mankind. In the nineteenth century, it was a disease; in the twentieth, it's a cure."<a href="#cite_note-Szasz-84">[84]</a> Dörner and others wrote in their now classic book (1978): "Self-satisfaction is therefore a priceless good for the success of sexual pleasure, but also for other partnership and sexual relationships: for only if I can offer something to myself can I also offer it to someone else. ... Not self-satisfaction, but feelings closely correlated with it need among others help through counseling, respectively therapy!"<a href="#cite_note-DörnerPlog2015-154">[154]</a> In the 1980s, <a href="/wiki/Michel_Foucault" title="Michel Foucault">Michel Foucault</a> was arguing masturbation taboo was "rape by the parents of the sexual activity of their children". However, in 1994, when the <a href="/wiki/Surgeon_General_of_the_United_States" title="Surgeon General of the United States">surgeon general of the United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joycelyn_Elders" title="Joycelyn Elders">Joycelyn Elders</a>, said that it should be mentioned in school <a href="/wiki/Sex_education" title="Sex education">sex education</a> curricula, as a side note, that masturbation is safe and healthy, she was forced to resign,<a href="#cite_note-Elders-91">[91]</a> with opponents asserting that she was promoting the teaching of how to masturbate.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="21st_century">21st century</h4></div> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Laqueur" title="Thomas W. Laqueur">Thomas W. Laqueur</a> stated: "Less clinical, less overtly political, the solitary vice of the imagination and of fantasy that had so terrified Rousseau had been transformed into a virtue: self-pleasuring was the path to self-knowledge, self-discovery, and spiritual well-being."<a href="#cite_note-q271-155">[155]</a> Objectively seen, masturbation is not immoral.<a href="#cite_note-o959-156">[156]</a> Both practices and cultural views of masturbation have continued to evolve in the 21st century, partly because the contemporary <a href="/wiki/Lifeworld" title="Lifeworld">lifeworld</a> is increasingly technical.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">according to whom?</a>] For example, digital photographs or live video may be used to share masturbatory experiences either in a broadcast format (possibly in exchange of money, as with performances by <a href="/wiki/Webcam_model" title="Webcam model">webcam models</a>), or between members of a <a href="/wiki/Long-distance_relationship" title="Long-distance relationship">long-distance relationship</a>. <a href="/wiki/Teledildonics" title="Teledildonics">Teledildonics</a> is a growing field. Masturbation has been depicted as a complicated part of "Love in the 21st Century" in the <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a> drama of the same name.<a href="#cite_note-channel4.com_2009-157">[157]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_modern_culture">In modern culture</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stigma">Stigma</h3></div> Even though many <a href="/wiki/Medical" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical">medical</a> professionals and <a href="/wiki/Scientist" title="Scientist">scientists</a> have found large amounts of evidence that masturbating is healthy<a href="#cite_note-Merck_Manuals_Professional_Edition_2021-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-Merck-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-Szasz-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-Shpancer2010-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-Coon2014-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sigel2004-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wood2005-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-Strassberg2015-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ley2014-150">[150]</a> and commonly practiced by males and females, stigma on the topic still persists today. In November 2013, Matthew Burdette committed <a href="/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide">suicide</a> after a fellow student secretly made a video of him masturbating in a restroom stall, and published it.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a><a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> In an article published by the nonprofit organization <a href="/wiki/Planned_Parenthood_Federation_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Planned Parenthood Federation of America">Planned Parenthood Federation of America</a>, it was reported: "Proving that these ancient stigmas against masturbation are still alive and felt by women and men, researchers in 1994 found that half of the adult women and men who masturbate feel guilty about it (Laumann, et al., 1994. p.85). Another study in 2000 found that adolescent young men are still frequently afraid to admit that they masturbate (Halpern, et al., 2000, 327)."<a href="#cite_note-Knowles02-32">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sperm_donation">Sperm donation</h3></div> Male masturbation may be used as a method to obtain semen for third party reproductive procedures such as <a href="/wiki/Artificial_insemination" title="Artificial insemination">artificial insemination</a> and <a href="/wiki/In_vitro_fertilisation" title="In vitro fertilisation">in vitro fertilisation</a> which may involve the use of either partner or donor sperm.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> At a <a href="/wiki/Sperm_bank" title="Sperm bank">sperm bank</a> or fertility clinic, a special room or cabin may be set aside so that semen may be produced by male masturbation for use in fertility treatments such as artificial insemination. Most semen used for <a href="/wiki/Sperm_donation" title="Sperm donation">sperm donation</a>, and all semen donated through a sperm bank by sperm donors, is produced in this way. The facility at a sperm bank used for this purpose is known as a masturbatorium (US) or men's production room (UK). A bed or couch is usually provided for the man, and pornographic films or other material may be made available.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Encouragement">Encouragement</h3></div> In the UK in 2009, a leaflet was issued by the <a href="/wiki/National_Health_Service_(England)" title="National Health Service (England)">National Health Service</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sheffield" title="Sheffield">Sheffield</a> carrying the slogan, "an orgasm a day keeps the doctor away". It also says: "Health promotion experts advocate five portions of fruit and veg a day and 30 minutes' physical activity three times a week. What about sex or masturbation twice a week?" This leaflet has been circulated to parents, teachers and youth workers and is meant to update sex education by telling older school students about the benefits of enjoyable sex. Its authors have said that for too long, experts have concentrated on the need for "safe sex" and committed relationships while ignoring the principal reason that many people have sex. The leaflet is entitled Pleasure. Instead of promoting teenage sex, it could encourage young people to delay losing their virginity until they are certain they will enjoy the experience, said one of its authors.<a href="#cite_note-Nikkhah_2009-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Sunday_Times_Grimston_2009-164">[164]</a> The Spanish region of <a href="/wiki/Extremadura" title="Extremadura">Extremadura</a> launched a program in 2009 to encourage "sexual self-exploration and the discovery of self-pleasure" in people aged from 14 to 17. The €14,000 campaign includes leaflets, flyers, a "fanzine", and workshops for the young in which they receive instruction on masturbation techniques along with advice on contraception and self-respect. The initiative, whose slogan is, "Pleasure is in your own hands" has angered local right-wing politicians and challenged traditional Roman Catholic views. Officials from the neighboring region of <a href="/wiki/Andalucia" class="mw-redirect" title="Andalucia">Andalucia</a> have expressed an interest in copying the program.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> The text book Palliative care nursing: quality care to the end of life states, "Terminally ill people are likely no different from the general population regarding their masturbation habits. Palliative care practitioners should routinely ask their patients if anything interferes in their ability to masturbate and then work with the patient to correct the problem if it is identified."<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Sex-positive_movement" title="Sex-positive movement">sex-positive movement</a> argues for a supportive environment for masturbation.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] A 2016 review paper says that safe masturbation, in moderation (not excessive), is beneficial for heart health, and decreases risk of major adverse <a href="/wiki/Cardiovascular_disease" title="Cardiovascular disease">cardiovascular diseases</a>.<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> A 2019 research paper says that masturbation, in moderation, can improve <a href="/wiki/Sleep" title="Sleep">sleep</a> quality, especially when one or more orgasms occur during the activity.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Law">Law</h3></div> The prosecution of masturbation has varied at different times, from complete illegality to virtually unlimited acceptance. In a 17th-century law code for the <a href="/wiki/Puritan" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan">Puritan</a> colony of <a href="/wiki/New_Haven_Colony" title="New Haven Colony">New Haven, Connecticut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blasphemy" title="Blasphemy">blasphemers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Homosexuality" title="Homosexuality">homosexuals</a> and masturbators were eligible for the <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment">death penalty</a>.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> Often, masturbation in the sight of others is prosecuted under a general law such as <a href="/wiki/Public_indecency" class="mw-redirect" title="Public indecency">public indecency</a>, though some laws make specific mention of masturbation. In the UK, masturbating in public is illegal under Section 28 of the <a href="/wiki/Town_Police_Clauses_Act_1847" title="Town Police Clauses Act 1847">Town Police Clauses Act 1847</a>. The penalty may be up to 14 days in prison, depending on a range of circumstantial factors.<a href="#cite_note-Guardian-2013-09-19-170">[170]</a> In the US, laws vary from state to state. In 2010, the Supreme Court of Alabama upheld a state law criminalizing the distribution of sex-toys.<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> In the city of Charlotte, North Carolina, masturbating in public is a class 3 misdemeanor.<a href="#cite_note-Guardian-2013-09-19-170">[170]</a> In 2013, a male found masturbating openly on a beach in Sweden was cleared of charges of sexual assault, the court finding that his activities had not been directed towards any specific person.<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> In many jurisdictions, masturbation by one person of another is considered <a href="/wiki/Fingering_(sexual_act)" title="Fingering (sexual act)">digital penetration</a> which may be illegal in some cases, such as when the other person is a minor.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] There is debate whether masturbation should be promoted in correctional institutions. Restrictions on pornography, used to accompany masturbation, are common in <a href="/wiki/Incarceration_in_the_United_States" title="Incarceration in the United States">American correctional facilities</a>. <a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Department_of_Correction" title="Connecticut Department of Correction">Connecticut Department of Corrections</a> officials say that these restrictions are intended to avoid a <a href="/wiki/Hostile_work_environment" title="Hostile work environment">hostile work environment</a> for <a href="/wiki/Correctional_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Correctional officer">correctional officers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> Other researchers argue allowing masturbation could help prisoners restrict their sexual urges to their imaginations rather than engaging in <a href="/wiki/Prison_rape" title="Prison rape">prison rape</a> or other non-masturbatory sexual activity that could pose sexually transmitted infection or other health risks.<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religious_views">Religious views</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Religious_views_on_masturbation" title="Religious views on masturbation">Religious views on masturbation</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Religion_and_sexuality" title="Religion and sexuality">Religion and sexuality</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judaism_and_masturbation" title="Judaism and masturbation">Judaism and masturbation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islam_and_masturbation" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam and masturbation">Islam and masturbation</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mormonism_and_masturbation" class="mw-redirect" title="Mormonism and masturbation">Mormonism and masturbation</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Khajurahosculpture.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Khajurahosculpture.jpg/220px-Khajurahosculpture.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Khajurahosculpture.jpg/330px-Khajurahosculpture.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Khajurahosculpture.jpg/440px-Khajurahosculpture.jpg 2x" data-file-width="443" data-file-height="518" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Temple" title="Temple">temple</a> <a href="/wiki/Relief" title="Relief">relief</a> at <a href="/wiki/Khajuraho" title="Khajuraho">Khajuraho</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Madhya_Pradesh" title="Tourism in Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> features a couple in a sexual embrace with a male and a female masturbating to either side.</figcaption></figure> Religions vary broadly in their views of masturbation, from considering it completely impermissible (for example in <a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_masturbation" class="mw-redirect" title="Christianity and masturbation">Catholicism</a>, most forms of <a href="/wiki/Islam_and_masturbation" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam and masturbation">Islam</a>, and some sects of <a href="/wiki/Judaism_and_masturbation" title="Judaism and masturbation">Judaism</a>)<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> to encouraging and refining it (as, for example, in some <a href="/wiki/Dharmic_faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Dharmic faith">Dharmic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neotantra" title="Neotantra">Neotantra</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Taoist_sexual_practices" title="Taoist sexual practices">Taoist sexual practices</a>). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3></div> The 1858 schoolboys' novel <a href="/wiki/Eric,_or,_Little_by_Little" title="Eric, or, Little by Little">Eric, or, Little by Little</a> was a tract against masturbation, but it did not mention the subject except extremely obliquely as "<a href="/wiki/Kibroth-Hattaavah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kibroth-Hattaavah">Kibroth-Hattaavah</a>", a place mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a> where those that lusted after meat were buried. In October 1972, an important censorship case was held in Australia, leading to the banning of <a href="/wiki/Philip_Roth" title="Philip Roth">Philip Roth's</a> novel <a href="/wiki/Portnoy%27s_Complaint" title="Portnoy's Complaint">Portnoy's Complaint</a> in that country due to its masturbation references. The censorship led to public outcry at the time.<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> Further portrayals and references to masturbation have occurred throughout literature, and the practice itself has even contributed to the production of literature among certain writers, such as <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wolfe" title="Thomas Wolfe">Wolfe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balzac" class="mw-redirect" title="Balzac">Balzac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Flaubert" title="Gustave Flaubert">Flaubert</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Cheever" title="John Cheever">John Cheever</a>.<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> Perhaps the most famous fictional depiction of masturbation occurs in the "Nausicaa" episode of <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_(novel)" title="Ulysses (novel)">Ulysses</a> by James Joyce. Here, the novel's protagonist Bloom brings himself to covert climax during a public fireworks display after being aroused by a young female's exhibitionism. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3></div> In popular music, there are various songs that deal with masturbation. Some of the earliest examples are "<a href="/wiki/My_Ding-a-Ling" title="My Ding-a-Ling">My Ding-a-Ling</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Berry" title="Chuck Berry">Chuck Berry</a> and "Mary Ann with the Shaky Hand" and "<a href="/wiki/Pictures_of_Lily" title="Pictures of Lily">Pictures of Lily</a>" by <a href="/wiki/The_Who" title="The Who">The Who</a>.<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a> More recent popular songs include "<a href="/wiki/Love_Myself_(Hailee_Steinfeld_song)" title="Love Myself (Hailee Steinfeld song)">Love Myself</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Hailee_Steinfeld" title="Hailee Steinfeld">Hailee Steinfeld</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Running_on_Empty_(album)" title="Running on Empty (album)">Rosie</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Jackson_Browne" title="Jackson Browne">Jackson Browne</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Una_luna_de_miel_en_la_mano" title="Una luna de miel en la mano">Una luna de miel en la mano</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Virus_(Argentine_band)" title="Virus (Argentine band)">Virus</a>, "<a href="/wiki/I_Touch_Myself" title="I Touch Myself">I Touch Myself</a>" by the <a href="/wiki/Divinyls" title="Divinyls">Divinyls</a>, "Very Busy People" by <a href="/wiki/The_Limousines" title="The Limousines">The Limousines</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Dancing_with_Myself" title="Dancing with Myself">Dancing with Myself</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Billy_Idol" title="Billy Idol">Billy Idol</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Hybrid_(Gary_Numan_album)" title="Hybrid (Gary Numan album)">Everyday I Die</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Gary_Numan" title="Gary Numan">Gary Numan</a>, "<a href="/wiki/You%27re_Makin%27_Me_High" title="You're Makin' Me High">You're Makin' Me High</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Toni_Braxton" title="Toni Braxton">Toni Braxton</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Permission_to_Land" title="Permission to Land">Holding My Own</a>" by <a href="/wiki/The_Darkness_(band)" title="The Darkness (band)">The Darkness</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Pink_Season_(Pink_Guy_album)#Track_listing" class="mw-redirect" title="Pink Season (Pink Guy album)">Nickelodeon Girls</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Joji_(musician)" title="Joji (musician)">Pink Guy</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Neon_Nights" title="Neon Nights">Vibe On</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Dannii_Minogue" title="Dannii Minogue">Dannii Minogue</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Orgasm_Addict" title="Orgasm Addict">Orgasm Addict</a>" by the <a href="/wiki/Buzzcocks" title="Buzzcocks">Buzzcocks</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Spank_Thru" title="Spank Thru">Spank Thru</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Bleach_(Nirvana_album)" title="Bleach (Nirvana album)">Paper Cuts</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Nirvana_(band)" title="Nirvana (band)">Nirvana</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Captain_Jack_(Billy_Joel_song)" title="Captain Jack (Billy Joel song)">Captain Jack</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/The_Stranger_(Billy_Joel_song)" title="The Stranger (Billy Joel song)">The Stranger</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Billy_Joel" title="Billy Joel">Billy Joel</a>, "Blister in the Sun" by <a href="/wiki/Violent_Femmes" title="Violent Femmes">Violent Femmes</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Longview_(song)" title="Longview (song)">Longview</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Green_Day" title="Green Day">Green Day</a>, "M+Ms" by <a href="/wiki/Blink-182" title="Blink-182">Blink-182</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Wow,_I_Can_Get_Sexual_Too" class="mw-redirect" title="Wow, I Can Get Sexual Too">Wow, I Can Get Sexual Too</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Say_Anything_(band)" title="Say Anything (band)">Say Anything</a>, "<a href="/wiki/In_the_Zone" title="In the Zone">Touch of My Hand</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Britney_Spears" title="Britney Spears">Britney Spears</a>, "Fingers" and "<a href="/wiki/U_%2B_Ur_Hand" title="U + Ur Hand">U + Ur Hand</a>" by <a href="/wiki/P!nk" class="mw-redirect" title="P!nk">P!nk</a>,<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a> "<a href="/wiki/So_Happy_I_Could_Die" title="So Happy I Could Die">So Happy I Could Die</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Lady_Gaga" title="Lady Gaga">Lady Gaga</a>, "Masturbating Jimmy" by <a href="/wiki/The_Tiger_Lillies" title="The Tiger Lillies">The Tiger Lillies</a>, "When Life Gets Boring" by <a href="/wiki/Gob_(band)" title="Gob (band)">Gob</a>, "Daybed" by <a href="/wiki/FKA_Twigs" title="FKA Twigs">FKA Twigs</a>, "Get a Grip" by <a href="/wiki/Semisonic" title="Semisonic">Semisonic</a>, and "<a href="/wiki/Darling_Nikki" title="Darling Nikki">Darling Nikki</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Prince_(musician)" title="Prince (musician)">Prince</a>,"Masturbation" by Dadaroma. The 1983 recording "<a href="/wiki/She_Bop" title="She Bop">She Bop</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Cyndi_Lauper" title="Cyndi Lauper">Cyndi Lauper</a> was one of the first fifteen songs ever required to carry a <a href="/wiki/Parental_Advisory" title="Parental Advisory">Parental Advisory</a> sticker for sexual content.<a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> In a 1993 interview on <a href="/wiki/The_Howard_Stern_Show" title="The Howard Stern Show">The Howard Stern Show</a>, Lauper claimed she recorded the vocal track in the nude.<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a> The song "Masturbates" by rock group <a href="/wiki/Mindless_Self_Indulgence" title="Mindless Self Indulgence">Mindless Self Indulgence</a> also deals with the concept of auto-erotic activity in a <a href="/wiki/Punk_subculture" title="Punk subculture">punk</a> framework. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3></div> In the <a href="/wiki/Seinfeld" title="Seinfeld">Seinfeld</a> episode "<a href="/wiki/The_Contest" title="The Contest">The Contest</a>",<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> the show's main characters enter into a contest to see who can go the longest without masturbating. Because Seinfeld's network, <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>, did not think masturbation was a suitable topic for prime-time television, the word is never used. Instead, the subject is described using a series of euphemisms. "Master of my domain" became a part of the American lexicon from this episode. Another NBC show, <a href="/wiki/Late_Night_with_Conan_O%27Brien" title="Late Night with Conan O'Brien">Late Night with Conan O'Brien</a>, had a character known as the Masturbating Bear, a costume of a bear with a diaper covering its genitals. The Masturbating Bear would touch his diaper to simulate masturbation. Prior to leaving Late Night to become host of <a href="/wiki/The_Tonight_Show_with_Conan_O%27Brien" title="The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien">The Tonight Show</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conan_O%27Brien" title="Conan O'Brien">Conan O'Brien</a> originally retired the character due to concerns about its appropriateness in an earlier time slot.<a href="#cite_note-warmingglow-183">[183]</a> The Masturbating Bear, however, made his Tonight Show debut during the final days of Conan O'Brien's tenure as host of the Tonight Show. It was clear by then that Conan O'Brien was being removed from the show and he spent his last shows pushing the envelope with skits that typically would not be appropriate for the Tonight Show, one of which was the Masturbating Bear.<a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> After much debate on whether or not he would be able to be used on Conan O'Brien's new <a href="/wiki/TBS_(U.S._TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="TBS (U.S. TV channel)">TBS</a> show, <a href="/wiki/Conan_(talk_show)" title="Conan (talk show)">Conan</a>, the Masturbating Bear made an appearance on the first episode.<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a> In March 2007, the UK broadcaster <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a> was to air a season of <a href="/wiki/Television" title="Television">television</a> programs about masturbation, called <a href="/wiki/Wank_Week" title="Wank Week">Wank Week</a>. (Wank is a <a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">Briticism</a> for masturbate.) The series came under public attack from senior television figures and was pulled amid claims of declining editorial standards and controversy over the channel's <a href="/wiki/Public_broadcasting" title="Public broadcasting">public service broadcasting</a> credentials. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film">Film</h3></div> In <a href="/wiki/Monty_Python" title="Monty Python">Monty Python</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Monty_Python%27s_The_Meaning_of_Life" title="Monty Python's The Meaning of Life">The Meaning of Life</a> (1983), the song "<a href="/wiki/Every_Sperm_Is_Sacred" title="Every Sperm Is Sacred">Every Sperm Is Sacred</a>" is a <a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">satire</a> of <a href="/wiki/Humanae_Vitae" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanae Vitae">Catholic teachings on reproduction</a> that forbid masturbation (and contraception) by artificial means. In Talking Cock by comedian <a href="/wiki/Richard_Herring" title="Richard Herring">Richard Herring</a>, the sketch is used to ridicule those who condemn masturbation (and <a href="/wiki/Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">sex</a>) for any purpose other than <a href="/wiki/Procreation" class="mw-redirect" title="Procreation">procreation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> In <a href="/wiki/American_Pie_(film)" title="American Pie (film)">American Pie</a> (1999), Nadia (<a href="/wiki/Shannon_Elizabeth" title="Shannon Elizabeth">Shannon Elizabeth</a>) discovers Jim's (<a href="/wiki/Jason_Biggs" title="Jason Biggs">Jason Biggs</a>) pornography collection and, while sitting on his bed half-naked, masturbates to it. In <a href="/wiki/American_Reunion" title="American Reunion">American Reunion</a> (2012), Noah (<a href="/wiki/Eugene_Levy" title="Eugene Levy">Eugene Levy</a>) attempts to explain the potential joys and difficulties of Jim explaining masturbation to his future son.<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pornography">Pornography</h3></div> Depictions of male and female masturbation are common in pornography, including <a href="/wiki/Gay_pornography" title="Gay pornography">gay pornography</a>. <a href="/wiki/Am_Abend" title="Am Abend">Am Abend</a> (1910), one of the earliest <a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film" title="Pornographic film">pornographic films</a> that have been collected at the <a href="/wiki/Kinsey_Institute_for_Research_in_Sex,_Gender,_and_Reproduction" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction">Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Lewis2002-188">[188]</a><a href="#cite_note-Staiger1995-189">[189]</a> starts with a female masturbation scene. Solo performances in gay pornography have been described in 1985 as "either or both active (tense, upright) and/or passive (supine, exposed, languid, available)", whereas female solo performances are said to be "exclusively passive (supine, spread, seated, squatted, orifices offered, etc.)".<a href="#cite_note-Waugh-190">[190]</a> Solo pornography recognized with <a href="/wiki/AVN_Awards" title="AVN Awards">AVN Awards</a> include the <a href="/wiki/All_Alone_(pornographic_films)" class="mw-redirect" title="All Alone (pornographic films)">All Alone</a> series<a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a> and All Natural: Glamour Solos.<a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Illustrations">Illustrations</h3></div> Here are some historical illustrations of masturbation.<ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Egon_Schiele_073.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Selbstbefriedigung by Egon Schiele, 1911"><img alt="Selbstbefriedigung by Egon Schiele, 1911" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Egon_Schiele_073.jpg/70px-Egon_Schiele_073.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Egon_Schiele_073.jpg/105px-Egon_Schiele_073.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Egon_Schiele_073.jpg/140px-Egon_Schiele_073.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1576" data-file-height="2706" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Selbstbefriedigung by <a href="/wiki/Egon_Schiele" title="Egon Schiele">Egon Schiele</a>, 1911</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Geiger-masturbation-mutuelle.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mutual masturbation, Peter Johann Nepomuk Geiger, 1840"><img alt="Mutual masturbation, Peter Johann Nepomuk Geiger, 1840" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Geiger-masturbation-mutuelle.jpg/104px-Geiger-masturbation-mutuelle.jpg" decoding="async" width="104" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Geiger-masturbation-mutuelle.jpg/156px-Geiger-masturbation-mutuelle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Geiger-masturbation-mutuelle.jpg/209px-Geiger-masturbation-mutuelle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="690" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mutual masturbation, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Johann_Nepomuk_Geiger" title="Peter Johann Nepomuk Geiger">Peter Johann Nepomuk Geiger</a>, 1840</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Michael_von_Zichy-1911-Onanie.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Masturbation, 1911, copper engraving by Mihály Zichy"><img alt="Masturbation, 1911, copper engraving by Mihály Zichy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Michael_von_Zichy-1911-Onanie.jpg/88px-Michael_von_Zichy-1911-Onanie.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Michael_von_Zichy-1911-Onanie.jpg/132px-Michael_von_Zichy-1911-Onanie.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Michael_von_Zichy-1911-Onanie.jpg/176px-Michael_von_Zichy-1911-Onanie.jpg 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="755" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Masturbation, 1911, copper engraving by <a href="/wiki/Mih%C3%A1ly_Zichy" title="Mihály Zichy">Mihály Zichy</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Artificial fertilization, 1905"><img alt="Artificial fertilization, 1905" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_17.jpg/88px-Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_17.jpg/132px-Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_17.jpg/176px-Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1172" data-file-height="1600" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Artificial fertilization, 1905</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:JustineJuliette1797TIP36i.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Engraving from La Nouvelle Justine ou Les Malheurs de la Vertu"><img alt="Engraving from La Nouvelle Justine ou Les Malheurs de la Vertu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/JustineJuliette1797TIP36i.jpg/70px-JustineJuliette1797TIP36i.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/JustineJuliette1797TIP36i.jpg/105px-JustineJuliette1797TIP36i.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/JustineJuliette1797TIP36i.jpg/140px-JustineJuliette1797TIP36i.jpg 2x" data-file-width="729" data-file-height="1246" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Engraving from La Nouvelle Justine ou Les Malheurs de la Vertu</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_34.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Put your hand where it shouldn't be, Martin van Maële, 1905"><img alt="Put your hand where it shouldn't be, Martin van Maële, 1905" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_34.jpg/87px-Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_34.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_34.jpg/130px-Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_34.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_34.jpg/174px-Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_34.jpg 2x" data-file-width="435" data-file-height="600" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Put your hand where it shouldn't be, <a href="/wiki/Martin_van_Ma%C3%ABle" title="Martin van Maële">Martin van Maële</a>, 1905</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_33.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="And deliver us from the male, amen, Martin van Maële, 1905"><img alt="And deliver us from the male, amen, Martin van Maële, 1905" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_33.jpg/79px-Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_33.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_33.jpg/118px-Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_33.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_33.jpg/157px-Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_33.jpg 2x" data-file-width="394" data-file-height="600" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">And deliver us from the male, amen, <a href="/wiki/Martin_van_Ma%C3%ABle" title="Martin van Maële">Martin van Maële</a>, 1905</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_27.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shut the door, silly, I feel a draft, Martin van Maële, 1905"><img alt="Shut the door, silly, I feel a draft, Martin van Maële, 1905" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_27.jpg/86px-Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_27.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_27.jpg/129px-Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_27.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_27.jpg/172px-Martin_Van_Maele_-_La_Grande_Danse_macabre_des_vifs_-_27.jpg 2x" data-file-width="431" data-file-height="600" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Shut the door, silly, I feel a draft, <a href="/wiki/Martin_van_Ma%C3%ABle" title="Martin van Maële">Martin van Maële</a>, 1905</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Fanny_Hill_and_Phoebe_(BM_2010,7081.526).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fanny Hill and Phoebe, circa 1787"><img alt="Fanny Hill and Phoebe, circa 1787" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Fanny_Hill_and_Phoebe_%28BM_2010%2C7081.526%29.jpg/120px-Fanny_Hill_and_Phoebe_%28BM_2010%2C7081.526%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Fanny_Hill_and_Phoebe_%28BM_2010%2C7081.526%29.jpg/180px-Fanny_Hill_and_Phoebe_%28BM_2010%2C7081.526%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Fanny_Hill_and_Phoebe_%28BM_2010%2C7081.526%29.jpg/240px-Fanny_Hill_and_Phoebe_%28BM_2010%2C7081.526%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1222" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Fanny Hill and Phoebe, circa 1787</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_09_anagoria.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Les Délassements d'Eros, 1925"><img alt="Les Délassements d'Eros, 1925" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_09_anagoria.JPG/120px-1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_09_anagoria.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_09_anagoria.JPG/180px-1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_09_anagoria.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_09_anagoria.JPG/240px-1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_09_anagoria.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Les Délassements d'Eros, 1925</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Qingero09.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Secret Plays of the Qing Dynasty"><img alt="Secret Plays of the Qing Dynasty" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Qingero09.jpg/118px-Qingero09.jpg" decoding="async" width="118" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Qingero09.jpg/176px-Qingero09.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Qingero09.jpg/235px-Qingero09.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1238" data-file-height="1263" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Secret Plays of the Qing Dynasty</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Erotic_painting_-_18th_Century_-_a3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="18th century painting"><img alt="18th century painting" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Erotic_painting_-_18th_Century_-_a3.jpg/119px-Erotic_painting_-_18th_Century_-_a3.jpg" decoding="async" width="119" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Erotic_painting_-_18th_Century_-_a3.jpg/179px-Erotic_painting_-_18th_Century_-_a3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Erotic_painting_-_18th_Century_-_a3.jpg/239px-Erotic_painting_-_18th_Century_-_a3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="904" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">18th century painting</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Shunga_woman_reading.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A woman reading and masturbating"><img alt="A woman reading and masturbating" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Shunga_woman_reading.jpg/120px-Shunga_woman_reading.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Shunga_woman_reading.jpg/180px-Shunga_woman_reading.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Shunga_woman_reading.jpg/240px-Shunga_woman_reading.jpg 2x" data-file-width="584" data-file-height="400" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">A woman reading and masturbating</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Rowlandson_(4).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A couple has sex in a doorway, while another woman watches, touching herself. A man in an upper window watches her."><img alt="A couple has sex in a doorway, while another woman watches, touching herself. A man in an upper window watches her." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Thomas_Rowlandson_%284%29.jpg/99px-Thomas_Rowlandson_%284%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="99" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Thomas_Rowlandson_%284%29.jpg/149px-Thomas_Rowlandson_%284%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Thomas_Rowlandson_%284%29.jpg/198px-Thomas_Rowlandson_%284%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="689" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">A couple has sex in a doorway, while another woman watches, touching herself. A man in an upper window watches her.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_03_anagoria.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Les Délassements d'Eros, 1925"><img alt="Les Délassements d'Eros, 1925" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_03_anagoria.JPG/120px-1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_03_anagoria.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_03_anagoria.JPG/180px-1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_03_anagoria.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_03_anagoria.JPG/240px-1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_03_anagoria.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3485" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Les Délassements d'Eros, 1925</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Kunisada_surimono.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shunga illustration, 19th century"><img alt="Shunga illustration, 19th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Kunisada_surimono.jpg/120px-Kunisada_surimono.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Kunisada_surimono.jpg/180px-Kunisada_surimono.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Kunisada_surimono.jpg/240px-Kunisada_surimono.jpg 2x" data-file-width="551" data-file-height="373" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Shunga illustration, 19th century</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ca._1890_shunga_by_Tomioka_Eisen_-_Oh,_I%E2%80%99m_envious!.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shunga illustration, 19th century"><img alt="Shunga illustration, 19th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ca._1890_shunga_by_Tomioka_Eisen_-_Oh%2C_I%E2%80%99m_envious%21.jpg/120px-Ca._1890_shunga_by_Tomioka_Eisen_-_Oh%2C_I%E2%80%99m_envious%21.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ca._1890_shunga_by_Tomioka_Eisen_-_Oh%2C_I%E2%80%99m_envious%21.jpg/180px-Ca._1890_shunga_by_Tomioka_Eisen_-_Oh%2C_I%E2%80%99m_envious%21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ca._1890_shunga_by_Tomioka_Eisen_-_Oh%2C_I%E2%80%99m_envious%21.jpg/240px-Ca._1890_shunga_by_Tomioka_Eisen_-_Oh%2C_I%E2%80%99m_envious%21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1360" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Shunga illustration, 19th century</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Shunga_masturbation_voyeurism.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shunga illustration, 19th century"><img alt="Shunga illustration, 19th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Shunga_masturbation_voyeurism.jpg/120px-Shunga_masturbation_voyeurism.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Shunga_masturbation_voyeurism.jpg/180px-Shunga_masturbation_voyeurism.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Shunga_masturbation_voyeurism.jpg/240px-Shunga_masturbation_voyeurism.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="1941" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Shunga illustration, 19th century</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_01_anagoria.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Les Délassements d'Eros, 1925"><img alt="Les Délassements d'Eros, 1925" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_01_anagoria.JPG/120px-1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_01_anagoria.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_01_anagoria.JPG/179px-1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_01_anagoria.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_01_anagoria.JPG/239px-1925_Wegener_Les_Delassements_dEros_01_anagoria.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2948" data-file-height="2960" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Les Délassements d'Eros, 1925</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:20110526222429!F%C3%A9licien_Rops_-_Sainte-Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Illustration from Saint Teresa's description of her religious ecstasy"><img alt="Illustration from Saint Teresa's description of her religious ecstasy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/20110526222429%21F%C3%A9licien_Rops_-_Sainte-Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se.png/84px-20110526222429%21F%C3%A9licien_Rops_-_Sainte-Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se.png" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/20110526222429%21F%C3%A9licien_Rops_-_Sainte-Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se.png/126px-20110526222429%21F%C3%A9licien_Rops_-_Sainte-Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/20110526222429%21F%C3%A9licien_Rops_-_Sainte-Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se.png/168px-20110526222429%21F%C3%A9licien_Rops_-_Sainte-Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se.png 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="534" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Illustration from <a href="/wiki/Teresa_of_%C3%81vila" title="Teresa of Ávila">Saint Teresa</a>'s description of her religious ecstasy</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Nude_Lying_Down_on_Back_Right_Leg_Up_by_Auguste_Rodin.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Illustration of a nude woman masturbating"><img alt="Illustration of a nude woman masturbating" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Nude_Lying_Down_on_Back_Right_Leg_Up_by_Auguste_Rodin.jpeg/111px-Nude_Lying_Down_on_Back_Right_Leg_Up_by_Auguste_Rodin.jpeg" decoding="async" width="111" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Nude_Lying_Down_on_Back_Right_Leg_Up_by_Auguste_Rodin.jpeg/167px-Nude_Lying_Down_on_Back_Right_Leg_Up_by_Auguste_Rodin.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Nude_Lying_Down_on_Back_Right_Leg_Up_by_Auguste_Rodin.jpeg/222px-Nude_Lying_Down_on_Back_Right_Leg_Up_by_Auguste_Rodin.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="648" data-file-height="700" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Illustration of a nude woman masturbating</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_animals">Other animals</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Masturbation_in_animals" class="mw-redirect" title="Masturbation in animals">Masturbation in animals</a></div> Masturbatory behavior has been documented in a very wide range of species. Individuals of some species have been known to create tools for masturbation purposes.<a href="#cite_note-Bagemihl,_1999-14">[14]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Bisexuality_symbol_(bold,_color).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg/32px-Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg/48px-Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg/64px-Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="25" data-file-height="16" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Human_sexuality" title="Portal:Human sexuality">Human sexuality portal</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adult_video_arcade" class="mw-redirect" title="Adult video arcade">Adult video arcade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cum_shot" title="Cum shot">Cum shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_gro%C3%9Fe_Nacht_im_Eimer" title="Die große Nacht im Eimer">Die große Nacht im Eimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jugum_penis" title="Jugum penis">Jugum penis</a>, archaic anti-masturbation device</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Masturbation_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="National Masturbation Day">National Masturbation Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nocturnal_emission" title="Nocturnal emission">Nocturnal emission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phone_sex" title="Phone sex">Phone sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-love" title="Self-love">Self-love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_doll" title="Sex doll">Sex doll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_magic" title="Sex magic">Sex magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_assistance" title="Sexual assistance">Sexual assistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_Butterfly" title="Venus Butterfly">Venus Butterfly</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-webmd-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-webmd_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-webmd_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRobinson2010" class="citation web cs1">Robinson, Jennifer (4 March 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webmd.com/sex-relationships/guide/masturbation-guide">"Masturbation – Is Masturbation Normal or Harmful? Who Masturbates? Why Do People Masturbate?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/WebMD" title="WebMD">WebMD</a>. Retrieved 17 August 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WebMD&rft.atitle=Masturbation+%E2%80%93+Is+Masturbation+Normal+or+Harmful%3F+Who+Masturbates%3F+Why+Do+People+Masturbate%3F&rft.date=2010-03-04&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webmd.com%2Fsex-relationships%2Fguide%2Fmasturbation-guide&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lehmiller-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lehmiller_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lehmiller_2-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLehmiller2017" class="citation book cs1">Lehmiller, Justin J. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ytk5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT402">The Psychology of Human Sexuality</a> (Second ed.). <a href="/wiki/John_Wiley_%26_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley & Sons">John Wiley & Sons</a>. p. 402. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-119-16470-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-119-16470-8"><bdi>978-1-119-16470-8</bdi></a>. <q>Masturbation refers to all solo forms of self-stimulation focusing on the genitals. Masturbation practices vary widely depending upon the individual's body and personal preferences. For instance, masturbation among women may involve manipulation of the clitoris and labia, stimulation of the breasts, or vaginal penetration with a sex toy. [...] Among men, masturbation most frequently involves using one or both hands to stimulate the penis. Of course, men sometimes utilize sex toys too (e.g., masturbation sleeves, butt-plugs, etc.).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Psychology+of+Human+Sexuality&rft.pages=402&rft.edition=Second&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-119-16470-8&rft.aulast=Lehmiller&rft.aufirst=Justin+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dytk5DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT402&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nadal-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nadal_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nadal_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBowman2017" class="citation book cs1">Bowman, Christin P. (2017). Nadal, Kevin L.; Mazzula, Silvia L.; Rivera, David P. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lVYoDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1123">The SAGE Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender</a>. <a href="/wiki/SAGE_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="SAGE Publishing">SAGE</a>. p. 1123. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4833-8427-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4833-8427-6"><bdi>978-1-4833-8427-6</bdi></a>. <q>Masturbation is the act of touching or otherwise stimulating one's own body, particularly one's genitals, for the purpose of sexual pleasure and/or orgasm. The term is most commonly used to describe solitary masturbation, in which people provide themselves with sexual stimulation while they are physically alone. Mutual masturbation is when two or more people manually stimulate their own body or each other's bodies.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+SAGE+Encyclopedia+of+Psychology+and+Gender&rft.pages=1123&rft.pub=SAGE&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-4833-8427-6&rft.aulast=Bowman&rft.aufirst=Christin+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlVYoDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA1123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruess-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bruess_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bruess_4-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBruessSchroeder2013" class="citation book cs1">Bruess CE, Schroeder E (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WWFW6-kkAVoC&pg=PA151">Sexuality Education Theory And Practice</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jones_%26_Bartlett_Publishers" class="mw-redirect" title="Jones & Bartlett Publishers">Jones & Bartlett Publishers</a>. p. 151. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4496-4928-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4496-4928-9"><bdi>978-1-4496-4928-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sexuality+Education+Theory+And+Practice&rft.pages=151&rft.pub=Jones+%26+Bartlett+Publishers&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-4496-4928-9&rft.aulast=Bruess&rft.aufirst=CE&rft.au=Schroeder%2C+E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWWFW6-kkAVoC%26pg%3DPA151&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Upton-5"><a href="#cite_ref-Upton_5-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUpton2014" class="citation book cs1">Upton D (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VnvJAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA52">Nursing & Health Survival Guide: Health Promotion</a>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 52. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-90617-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-90617-9"><bdi>978-1-317-90617-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nursing+%26+Health+Survival+Guide%3A+Health+Promotion&rft.pages=52&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-317-90617-9&rft.aulast=Upton&rft.aufirst=D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVnvJAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrynie2013" class="citation book cs1">Brynie, Faith Hickman (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PQ6YAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA24">101 Questions about Sex and Sexuality, 2nd Edition: With Answers for the Curious, Cautious, and Confused</a>. Lerner Publishing Group. p. 24. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-76132-634-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-76132-634-2"><bdi>978-0-76132-634-2</bdi></a>. Retrieved 17 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=101+Questions+about+Sex+and+Sexuality%2C+2nd+Edition%3A+With+Answers+for+the+Curious%2C+Cautious%2C+and+Confused&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=Lerner+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-76132-634-2&rft.aulast=Brynie&rft.aufirst=Faith+Hickman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPQ6YAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColeman2012" class="citation book cs1">Coleman, Eli (2012) [2002]. Bockting, Walter O.; Coleman, Eli (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150722160223/http://samples.sainsburysebooks.co.uk/9781317787587_sample_833458.pdf">Masturbation as a Means of Achieving Sexual Health</a> (PDF). New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7890-2047-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7890-2047-5"><bdi>978-0-7890-2047-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/50913590">50913590</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://samples.sainsburysebooks.co.uk/9781317787587_sample_833458.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 22 July 2015. <q>Despite the scientific evidence indicating that masturbation is generally a normal variant of sexual expression and that it does not seem to have a causal relationship with sexual pathology, negative attitudes about masturbation persist and it remains stigmatized.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Masturbation+as+a+Means+of+Achieving+Sexual+Health&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Routledge%2C+Taylor+%26+Francis+Group&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F50913590&rft.isbn=978-0-7890-2047-5&rft.aulast=Coleman&rft.aufirst=Eli&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsamples.sainsburysebooks.co.uk%2F9781317787587_sample_833458.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-OllendickSchroeder2012-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OllendickSchroeder2012_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-OllendickSchroeder2012_8-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMesserWalker2012" class="citation book cs1">Messer, Drew C.; Walker, C. Eugene (6 December 2012) [2003]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=h_7SBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA359">"Masturbation"</a>. In Ollendick, Thomas H.; Schroeder, Carolyn S. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Clinical Child and Pediatric Psychology. Boston, MA: Springer Science & Business Media. p. 359. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4615-0107-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4615-0107-7"><bdi>978-1-4615-0107-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/913623298">913623298</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Masturbation&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Clinical+Child+and+Pediatric+Psychology&rft.place=Boston%2C+MA&rft.pages=359&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2012-12-06&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F913623298&rft.isbn=978-1-4615-0107-7&rft.aulast=Messer&rft.aufirst=Drew+C.&rft.au=Walker%2C+C.+Eugene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dh_7SBwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA359&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> Note: Messer's and Walker's article cannot be protected by copyright. </li> <li id="cite_note-i968-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-i968_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-i968_9-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWells2005" class="citation book cs1">Wells, Ken R. (2005). "Masturbation". In Krapp, Kristine M.; Wilson, Jeffrey (eds.). The Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health. Vol. 3. Detroit: Gale Cengage. p. 1150. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7876-9429-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-7876-9429-0"><bdi>0-7876-9429-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/57626126">57626126</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Masturbation&rft.btitle=The+Gale+Encyclopedia+of+Children%27s+Health&rft.place=Detroit&rft.pages=1150&rft.pub=Gale+Cengage&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2Focm57626126&rft.isbn=0-7876-9429-0&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=Ken+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_10-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbdessaterKanbarAkakpoBeley2020" class="citation journal cs1">Abdessater, Maher; Kanbar, Anthony; Akakpo, William; Beley, Sebastien (December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7271516">"Hard flaccid syndrome: state of current knowledge"</a>. Basic and Clinical Andrology. 30 (1). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs12610-020-00105-5">10.1186/s12610-020-00105-5</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2051-4190">2051-4190</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7271516">7271516</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32518654">32518654</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Basic+and+Clinical+Andrology&rft.atitle=Hard+flaccid+syndrome%3A+state+of+current+knowledge&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2020-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7271516%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=2051-4190&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F32518654&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2Fs12610-020-00105-5&rft.aulast=Abdessater&rft.aufirst=Maher&rft.au=Kanbar%2C+Anthony&rft.au=Akakpo%2C+William&rft.au=Beley%2C+Sebastien&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7271516&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHallikeriGoudaAramaniVijaykumar2010" class="citation journal cs1">Hallikeri, Vinay R.; Gouda, Hareesh S.; Aramani, Sunil C.; Vijaykumar, A.G.; Ajaykumar, T.S. (July–December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160821082841/http://www.jfmtonline.org/current/masterbation_an_overview.php">"MASTURBATION—AN OVERVIEW"</a>. Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. 27 (2): 46–49. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-1929">0971-1929</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jfmtonline.org/current/masterbation_an_overview.php">the original</a> on 21 August 2016. <q>Today, masturbatory act is considered as a healthy practice when done in private and an offence if done in the public in most of the countries.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Forensic+Medicine+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=MASTURBATION%E2%80%94AN+OVERVIEW&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E46-%3C%2Fspan%3E49&rft.date=2010-07%2F2010-12&rft.issn=0971-1929&rft.aulast=Hallikeri&rft.aufirst=Vinay+R.&rft.au=Gouda%2C+Hareesh+S.&rft.au=Aramani%2C+Sunil+C.&rft.au=Vijaykumar%2C+A.G.&rft.au=Ajaykumar%2C+T.S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jfmtonline.org%2Fcurrent%2Fmasterbation_an_overview.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Poiani2010-12"><a href="#cite_ref-Poiani2010_12-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPoiani2010" class="citation book cs1">Poiani, Aldo (19 August 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EftT_1bsPOAC&q=%28masturbation+OR+masturbate%29">Animal Homosexuality: A Biosocial Perspective</a>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 232–235, 394. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-139-49038-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-49038-2"><bdi>978-1-139-49038-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Animal+Homosexuality%3A+A+Biosocial+Perspective&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E232-%3C%2Fspan%3E235%2C+394&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010-08-19&rft.isbn=978-1-139-49038-2&rft.aulast=Poiani&rft.aufirst=Aldo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEftT_1bsPOAC%26q%3D%2528masturbation%2BOR%2Bmasturbate%2529&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110905032903/http://www.petplace.com/horses/breeding-soundness-examination-of-the-stallion/page2.aspx">"Breeding Soundness Examination of the Stallion"</a>. Petplace.com. 10 December 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.petplace.com/horses/breeding-soundness-examination-of-the-stallion/page2.aspx">the original</a> on 5 September 2011. Retrieved 29 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Petplace.com&rft.atitle=Breeding+Soundness+Examination+of+the+Stallion&rft.date=2014-12-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.petplace.com%2Fhorses%2Fbreeding-soundness-examination-of-the-stallion%2Fpage2.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bagemihl,_1999-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bagemihl,_1999_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bagemihl,_1999_14-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBagemihl1999" class="citation book cs1">Bagemihl, Bruce (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/biologicalexuber00bage">Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity</a>. St. Martin's Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-19239-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-19239-6"><bdi>978-0-312-19239-6</bdi></a>. Retrieved 21 October 2015. <q>(masturbate OR masturbation).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biological+Exuberance%3A+Animal+Homosexuality+and+Natural+Diversity&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-312-19239-6&rft.aulast=Bagemihl&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbiologicalexuber00bage&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDally1975" class="citation book cs1">Dally, Peter (1975). The Fantasy Factor. George Weidenfeld and Nicolson Limited. p. 135. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-297-76945-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-297-76945-3"><bdi>978-0-297-76945-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Fantasy+Factor&rft.pages=135&rft.pub=George+Weidenfeld+and+Nicolson+Limited&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-0-297-76945-3&rft.aulast=Dally&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> OED, s.v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oed.com/view/Entry/114847">masturbation</a>(subscription required) </li> <li id="cite_note-Darby_pp._205–210-17"><a href="#cite_ref-Darby_pp._205–210_17-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDarby2004" class="citation journal cs1">Darby, Robert (1 September 2004). "A Post-Modernist Theory of Wanking: Solitary Sex: A Cultural History of Masturbation. By Thomas Laqueur (New York: Zone Books, 2003. 501pp.)". Journal of Social History. 38 (1). 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Cengage Learning. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-495-81294-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-495-81294-4"><bdi>978-0-495-81294-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Our+Sexuality&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2010-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0-495-81294-4&rft.aulast=Crooks&rft.aufirst=Robert+L.&rft.au=Baur%2C+Karla&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMpRnPtmdRVwC%26q%3DThe%2Bclitoral%2Bglans%2Bin%2Bparticular%2Bis%2Bhighly%2Bsensitive%26pg%3DPA54&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchoberMeyer-BahlburgDolezal2009" class="citation journal cs1">Schober, Justine M.; Meyer-Bahlburg, Heino F. 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BJU International. 103 (8): 1096–1103. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1464-410X.2008.08166.x">10.1111/j.1464-410X.2008.08166.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1464-410X">1464-410X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19245445">19245445</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:38304794">38304794</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BJU+International&rft.atitle=Self-ratings+of+genital+anatomy%2C+sexual+sensitivity+and+function+in+men+using+the+%27Self-Assessment+of+Genital+Anatomy+and+Sexual+Function%2C+Male%27+questionnaire&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1096-%3C%2Fspan%3E1103&rft.date=2009&rft.issn=1464-410X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A38304794%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19245445&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1464-410X.2008.08166.x&rft.aulast=Schober&rft.aufirst=Justine+M.&rft.au=Meyer-Bahlburg%2C+Heino+F.+L.&rft.au=Dolezal%2C+Curtis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F19245445%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Prone_Masturbation-35"><a href="#cite_ref-Prone_Masturbation_35-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKinsey_Confidential" class="citation web cs1">Kinsey Confidential. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idsnews.com/article/2015/10/prone-masturbation-a-threat-probably-not">"Prone masturbation a threat?"</a>. Indiana Daily Student. Retrieved 30 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Indiana+Daily+Student&rft.atitle=Prone+masturbation+a+threat%3F&rft.au=Kinsey+Confidential&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.idsnews.com%2Farticle%2F2015%2F10%2Fprone-masturbation-a-threat-probably-not&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Psychology_Today_2014-36"><a href="#cite_ref-Psychology_Today_2014_36-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaleh2014" class="citation web cs1">Saleh, Naveed (16 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-red-light-district/201410/hitting-the-p-spot">"Hitting the P-Spot"</a>. Psychology Today. Retrieved 26 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Psychology+Today&rft.atitle=Hitting+the+P-Spot&rft.date=2014-10-16&rft.aulast=Saleh&rft.aufirst=Naveed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.psychologytoday.com%2Fblog%2Fthe-red-light-district%2F201410%2Fhitting-the-p-spot&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rosenthal-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_37-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenthal2012" class="citation book cs1">Rosenthal, Martha (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d58z5hgQ2gsC&pg=PT153">Human Sexuality: From Cells to Society</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning" class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning">Cengage Learning</a>. pp. 133–135. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-618-75571-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-618-75571-4"><bdi>978-0-618-75571-4</bdi></a>. Retrieved 18 May 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Human+Sexuality%3A+From+Cells+to+Society&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E133-%3C%2Fspan%3E135&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-618-75571-4&rft.aulast=Rosenthal&rft.aufirst=Martha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dd58z5hgQ2gsC%26pg%3DPT153&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ladas-38"><a href="#cite_ref-Ladas_38-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLadasWhipple,_BPerry,_JD1982" class="citation book cs1">Ladas, AK; Whipple, B; Perry, JD (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gspototherrecent00lada">The G spot and other discoveries about human sexuality</a>. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-440-13040-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-440-13040-6"><bdi>978-0-440-13040-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+G+spot+and+other+discoveries+about+human+sexuality&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Holt%2C+Rinehart%2C+and+Winston&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0-440-13040-6&rft.aulast=Ladas&rft.aufirst=AK&rft.au=Whipple%2C+B&rft.au=Perry%2C+JD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgspototherrecent00lada&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShafikShafikShafikSibai2008" class="citation journal cs1">Shafik, Ahmed; Shafik, Ali A; Shafik, Ismail A; Sibai, Olfat El (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2435023">"Percutaneous Perineal Electrostimulation Induces Erection: Clinical Significance in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury and Erectile Dysfunction"</a>. The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine. 31 (1): 40–43. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F10790268.2008.11753979">10.1080/10790268.2008.11753979</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1079-0268">1079-0268</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2435023">2435023</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18533410">18533410</a>. <q>Approximately one third to one half of the penis is embedded in the pelvis and can be felt through the scrotum and in the perineum. The main arteries and nerves enter the penis through this perineal part of the penis, which seems to represent a highly sensitive area.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Spinal+Cord+Medicine&rft.atitle=Percutaneous+Perineal+Electrostimulation+Induces+Erection%3A+Clinical+Significance+in+Patients+With+Spinal+Cord+Injury+and+Erectile+Dysfunction&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E40-%3C%2Fspan%3E43&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2435023%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1079-0268&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18533410&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F10790268.2008.11753979&rft.aulast=Shafik&rft.aufirst=Ahmed&rft.au=Shafik%2C+Ali+A&rft.au=Shafik%2C+Ismail+A&rft.au=Sibai%2C+Olfat+El&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2435023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinclair_Intimacy_Institute" class="citation web cs1">Sinclair Intimacy Institute. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020613200634/http://health.discovery.com/centers/sex/sexpedia/analsex.html">"Discovery: Health"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://health.discovery.com/centers/sex/sexpedia/analsex.html">the original</a> on 13 June 2002.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Discovery%3A+Health&rft.au=Sinclair+Intimacy+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhealth.discovery.com%2Fcenters%2Fsex%2Fsexpedia%2Fanalsex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevinMeston2006" class="citation journal cs1">Levin, Roy; Meston, Cindy (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16681470/">"Nipple/Breast stimulation and sexual arousal in young men and women"</a>. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. 3 (3): 450–454. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1743-6109.2006.00230.x">10.1111/j.1743-6109.2006.00230.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1743-6095">1743-6095</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16681470">16681470</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Sexual+Medicine&rft.atitle=Nipple%2FBreast+stimulation+and+sexual+arousal+in+young+men+and+women&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E450-%3C%2Fspan%3E454&rft.date=2006&rft.issn=1743-6095&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16681470&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1743-6109.2006.00230.x&rft.aulast=Levin&rft.aufirst=Roy&rft.au=Meston%2C+Cindy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F16681470%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRulloLorenzZiegelmannMeihofer2018" class="citation journal cs1">Rullo, Jordan E.; Lorenz, Tierney; Ziegelmann, Matthew J.; Meihofer, Laura; Herbenick, Debra; Faubion, Stephanie S. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7678782">"Genital vibration for sexual function and enhancement: a review of evidence"</a>. Sexual and Relationship Therapy: Journal of the British Association for Sexual and Relationship Therapy. 33 (3): 263–274. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14681994.2017.1419557">10.1080/14681994.2017.1419557</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1468-1994">1468-1994</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7678782">7678782</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33223960">33223960</a>. <q>Vibrator use for male genitalia primarily focuses on the penis as the target for vibratory stimulation. However, vibratory stimulation of other sexual organs including the testicles or scrotum, perineum, and anus has been described as well</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sexual+and+Relationship+Therapy%3A+Journal+of+the+British+Association+for+Sexual+and+Relationship+Therapy&rft.atitle=Genital+vibration+for+sexual+function+and+enhancement%3A+a+review+of+evidence&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E263-%3C%2Fspan%3E274&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7678782%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1468-1994&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F33223960&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F14681994.2017.1419557&rft.aulast=Rullo&rft.aufirst=Jordan+E.&rft.au=Lorenz%2C+Tierney&rft.au=Ziegelmann%2C+Matthew+J.&rft.au=Meihofer%2C+Laura&rft.au=Herbenick%2C+Debra&rft.au=Faubion%2C+Stephanie+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7678782&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDöringPöschl2018" class="citation journal cs1">Döring, N.; Pöschl, S. (1 July 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S115813601830080X">"Sex toys, sex dolls, sex robots: Our under-researched bed-fellows"</a>. Sexologies. Sexualité et nouvelles technologies Sexuality and new technologies. 27 (3): e51 – e55. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.sexol.2018.05.009">10.1016/j.sexol.2018.05.009</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1158-1360">1158-1360</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:150027875">150027875</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sexologies&rft.atitle=Sex+toys%2C+sex+dolls%2C+sex+robots%3A+Our+under-researched+bed-fellows&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3Ee51+-%3C%2Fspan%3E+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3Ee55%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.date=2018-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A150027875%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1158-1360&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.sexol.2018.05.009&rft.aulast=D%C3%B6ring&rft.aufirst=N.&rft.au=P%C3%B6schl%2C+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS115813601830080X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/what-happens-when-you-block-sperm-from-coming-out">"What happens when you block sperm from coming out?"</a>. www.medicalnewstoday.com. 19 October 2020. Retrieved 16 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.medicalnewstoday.com&rft.atitle=What+happens+when+you+block+sperm+from+coming+out%3F&rft.date=2020-10-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalnewstoday.com%2Farticles%2Fwhat-happens-when-you-block-sperm-from-coming-out&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carpenter-45"><a href="#cite_ref-Carpenter_45-0">^</a> See here <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6qNCeI2AcY4C&pg=PT11">[1]</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pXXZn_qSoDoC&pg=PA48">pages 47–49</a> for views on what constitutes virginity loss and therefore sexual intercourse or other sexual activity; source discusses how gay and lesbian individuals define virginity loss, and how the majority of researchers and heterosexuals define virginity loss/"technical virginity" by whether or not a person has engaged in penile-vaginal sex. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaura_M._Carpenter2005" class="citation book cs1">Laura M. Carpenter (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pXXZn_qSoDoC">Virginity Lost: An Intimate Portrait of First Sexual Experiences</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">NYU Press</a>. pp. 295 pages. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-1652-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-1652-6"><bdi>978-0-8147-1652-6</bdi></a>. Retrieved 9 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Virginity+Lost%3A+An+Intimate+Portrait+of+First+Sexual+Experiences&rft.pages=295+pages&rft.pub=NYU+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-8147-1652-6&rft.au=Laura+M.+Carpenter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpXXZn_qSoDoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Intimate-46"><a href="#cite_ref-Intimate_46-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBryan_StrongChristine_DeVaultTheodore_F._Cohen2010" class="citation book cs1">Bryan Strong; Christine DeVault; Theodore F. Cohen (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qjvoSOMB5JMC&pg=PA186">The Marriage and Family Experience: Intimate Relationship in a Changing Society</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning" class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning">Cengage Learning</a>. p. 186. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-534-62425-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-534-62425-5"><bdi>978-0-534-62425-5</bdi></a>. Retrieved 8 October 2011. <q>Most people agree that we maintain virginity as long as we refrain from sexual (vaginal) intercourse. ...But occasionally we hear people speak of 'technical virginity' ... Other research, especially research looking into virginity loss, reports that 35% of virgins, defined as people who have never engaged in vaginal intercourse, have nonetheless engaged in one or more other forms of heterosexual activity (e.g. oral sex, anal sex, or mutual masturbation). ... Data indicate that 'a very significant proportion of teens ha[ve] had experience with oral sex, even if they haven't had sexual intercourse, and may think of themselves as virgins'.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Marriage+and+Family+Experience%3A+Intimate+Relationship+in+a+Changing+Society&rft.pages=186&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-534-62425-5&rft.au=Bryan+Strong&rft.au=Christine+DeVault&rft.au=Theodore+F.+Cohen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqjvoSOMB5JMC%26pg%3DPA186&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MUTUAL-47"><a href="#cite_ref-MUTUAL_47-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160522234752/http://advancedmasturbation.com/mutual/">"Mutual Masturbation"</a>. 12 June 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://advancedmasturbation.com/mutual">the original</a> on 22 May 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mutual+Masturbation&rft.date=2006-06-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fadvancedmasturbation.com%2Fmutual&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> — A biographical collection of data for a sociological repository on the topic of mutual masturbating to study changes on the activity over time. </li> <li id="cite_note-Heiby80-48"><a href="#cite_ref-Heiby80_48-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeibyBecker1980" class="citation journal cs1">Heiby, Elaine; Becker, James D. (April 1980). "Effect of filmed modeling on the self-reported frequency of masturbation". Arch. Sex. 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Cengage Learning. p. 406. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-305-16173-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-305-16173-3"><bdi>978-1-305-16173-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Psychology%3A+Modules+for+Active+Learning&rft.pages=406&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.isbn=978-1-305-16173-3&rft.aulast=Coon&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.au=Mitterer%2C+John+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeOnKAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA406&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CoonMitterer2016-70"><a href="#cite_ref-CoonMitterer2016_70-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoonMittererMartini2016" class="citation book cs1">Coon, Dennis; Mitterer, John O.; Martini, Tanya S. (5 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oPS5DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA407">Psychology: Modules for Active Learning</a>. Cengage Learning. p. 407. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-337-51708-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-337-51708-9"><bdi>978-1-337-51708-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Psychology%3A+Modules+for+Active+Learning&rft.pages=407&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2016-12-05&rft.isbn=978-1-337-51708-9&rft.aulast=Coon&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.au=Mitterer%2C+John+O.&rft.au=Martini%2C+Tanya+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoPS5DQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA407&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Coon_Mitterer_Martini_2021_p._360-71"><a href="#cite_ref-Coon_Mitterer_Martini_2021_p._360_71-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoonMittererMartini2021" class="citation book cs1">Coon, Dennis; Mitterer, John O.; Martini, Tanya S. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6OUXEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA360">Introduction to Psychology: Gateways to Mind and Behavior</a> (16 ed.). Cengage Learning. p. 360. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-357-37149-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-357-37149-7"><bdi>978-0-357-37149-7</bdi></a>. Retrieved 5 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+Psychology%3A+Gateways+to+Mind+and+Behavior&rft.pages=360&rft.edition=16&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-0-357-37149-7&rft.aulast=Coon&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.au=Mitterer%2C+John+O.&rft.au=Martini%2C+Tanya+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6OUXEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA360&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mitterer_Coon_Martini_2015_p.-72"><a href="#cite_ref-Mitterer_Coon_Martini_2015_p._72-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMittererCoonMartini2015" class="citation book cs1">Mitterer, John O.; Coon, Dennis; Martini, Tanya (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yQgUogEACAAJ">Psychology: A Modular Approach</a>. Nelson Education Limited. p. 424. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-17-650345-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-17-650345-1"><bdi>978-0-17-650345-1</bdi></a>. Retrieved 5 March 2022. <q>Do more men masturbate than women? Yes. While 89 percent of women reported that they had masturbated at some time, the figure was 95 percent for men. (Some cynics add, "And the other 5 percent lied!")</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Psychology%3A+A+Modular+Approach&rft.pages=424&rft.pub=Nelson+Education+Limited&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-17-650345-1&rft.aulast=Mitterer&rft.aufirst=John+O.&rft.au=Coon%2C+Dennis&rft.au=Martini%2C+Tanya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyQgUogEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaker1996" class="citation book cs1">Baker, Robin (June 1996). Sperm Wars: The Science of Sex. Diane Books Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7881-6004-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7881-6004-2"><bdi>978-0-7881-6004-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sperm+Wars%3A+The+Science+of+Sex&rft.pub=Diane+Books+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1996-06&rft.isbn=978-0-7881-6004-2&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Robin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ejaculate_manipulation_by_females-74">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ejaculate_manipulation_by_females_74-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ejaculate_manipulation_by_females_74-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBakerBellis,_Mark_A.1993" class="citation journal cs1">Baker, Robin R.; Bellis, Mark A. (November 1993). "Human sperm competition: Ejaculate manipulation by females and a function for the female orgasm". Animal Behaviour. 46 (5): 87, 23p. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fanbe.1993.1272">10.1006/anbe.1993.1272</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:53165064">53165064</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Animal+Behaviour&rft.atitle=Human+sperm+competition%3A+Ejaculate+manipulation+by+females+and+a+function+for+the+female+orgasm&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=87%2C+23p&rft.date=1993-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1006%2Fanbe.1993.1272&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A53165064%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Robin+R.&rft.au=Bellis%2C+Mark+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomsen,_Ruth2000" class="citation thesis cs1">Thomsen, Ruth (October 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/105/">Sperm Competition and the Function of Masturbation in Japanese Macaques</a> (Text.PhDThesis). Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Sperm+Competition+and+the+Function+of+Masturbation+in+Japanese+Macaques&rft.inst=Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit%C3%A4t+M%C3%BCnchen&rft.date=2000-10&rft.au=Thomsen%2C+Ruth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de%2F105%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBakerBellis,_Mark_A.1993" class="citation journal cs1">Baker, Robin R.; Bellis, Mark A. (November 1993). "Human sperm competition: Ejaculate adjustment by males and the function of masturbation". Animal Behaviour. 46 (5): 861, 25p. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fanbe.1993.1271">10.1006/anbe.1993.1271</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:53201940">53201940</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Animal+Behaviour&rft.atitle=Human+sperm+competition%3A+Ejaculate+adjustment+by+males+and+the+function+of+masturbation&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=861%2C+25p&rft.date=1993-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1006%2Fanbe.1993.1271&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A53201940%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Robin+R.&rft.au=Bellis%2C+Mark+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShackelfordGoetz,_Aaron_T.2007" class="citation journal cs1">Shackelford, Todd K.; Goetz, Aaron T. (February 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://toddkshackelford.com/downloads/Shackelford-Goetz-CD-2007.pdf">"Adaptation to Sperm Competition in Humans"</a> (PDF). Current Directions in Psychological Science. 16 (1): 47–50. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-8721.2007.00473.x">10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00473.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:6179167">6179167</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Directions+in+Psychological+Science&rft.atitle=Adaptation+to+Sperm+Competition+in+Humans&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E47-%3C%2Fspan%3E50&rft.date=2007-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-8721.2007.00473.x&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A6179167%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Shackelford&rft.aufirst=Todd+K.&rft.au=Goetz%2C+Aaron+T.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftoddkshackelford.com%2Fdownloads%2FShackelford-Goetz-CD-2007.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlanned_Parenthood_Federation_of_America2003" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Planned_Parenthood" title="Planned Parenthood">Planned Parenthood Federation of America</a> (March 2003). "Masturbation: From myth to sexual health". Contemporary Sexuality. 37 (3): v. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1094-5725">1094-5725</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/37229308">37229308</a>. <q>Finally, the American medical community pronounced masturbation as normal in 1972 American Medical Association publication, Human Sexuality (Rowan, 2000).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contemporary+Sexuality&rft.atitle=Masturbation%3A+From+myth+to+sexual+health&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=v&rft.date=2003-03&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F37229308&rft.issn=1094-5725&rft.au=Planned+Parenthood+Federation+of+America&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKinley_Health_Center2008" class="citation web cs1">McKinley Health Center (2 April 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151228181238/http://www.mckinley.illinois.edu/Handouts/pdfs/masturbation.pdf">"Masturbation: Questions and Answers"</a> (PDF). University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mckinley.illinois.edu/Handouts/pdfs/masturbation.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 28 December 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Masturbation%3A+Questions+and+Answers&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+at+Urbana-Champaign&rft.date=2008-04-02&rft.au=McKinley+Health+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mckinley.illinois.edu%2FHandouts%2Fpdfs%2Fmasturbation.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Strassberg2015-80">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Strassberg2015_80-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Strassberg2015_80-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrassbergMackaronisPerelman2015" class="citation book cs1">Strassberg, Donald S.; Mackaronis, Julia E.; Perelman, Michael A. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VoEZBAAAQBAJ&q=editions:n7U-Dq0ClTsC&pg=PA442">"Sexual dysfunctions"</a>. In Blaney, Paul H.; Krueger, Robert F.; Millon, Theodore (eds.). Oxford textbook of psychopathology (Third ed.). NY: Oxford University Press. pp. 441–442. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-981177-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-981177-9"><bdi>978-0-19-981177-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/879552995">879552995</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sexual+dysfunctions&rft.btitle=Oxford+textbook+of+psychopathology&rft.place=NY&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E441-%3C%2Fspan%3E442&rft.edition=Third&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F879552995&rft.isbn=978-0-19-981177-9&rft.aulast=Strassberg&rft.aufirst=Donald+S.&rft.au=Mackaronis%2C+Julia+E.&rft.au=Perelman%2C+Michael+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVoEZBAAAQBAJ%26q%3Deditions%3An7U-Dq0ClTsC%26pg%3DPA442&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Merck-81">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Merck_81-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Merck_81-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPorterKaplan2011" class="citation book cs1">Porter, Robert S.; Kaplan, Justin L., eds. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150220055106/http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/mental_health_disorders/sexuality/overview_of_sexuality.html">"Chapter 165. Sexuality and Sexual Disorders"</a>. The Merck Manual of Diagnosis & Therapy (19th ed.). Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., A Subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-911910-19-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-911910-19-3"><bdi>978-0-911910-19-3</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/mental_health_disorders/sexuality/overview_of_sexuality.html">the original</a> on 20 February 2015. Retrieved 19 June 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+165.+Sexuality+and+Sexual+Disorders&rft.btitle=The+Merck+Manual+of+Diagnosis+%26+Therapy&rft.place=Whitehouse+Station%2C+NJ&rft.edition=19th&rft.pub=Merck+Sharp+%26+Dohme+Corp.%2C+A+Subsidiary+of+Merck+%26+Co.%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-911910-19-3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merckmanuals.com%2Fhome%2Fmental_health_disorders%2Fsexuality%2Foverview_of_sexuality.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-patton-82">^ <a href="#cite_ref-patton_82-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-patton_82-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatton1985" class="citation journal cs1">Patton, Michael S. (June 1985). "Masturbation from Judaism to Victorianism". Journal of Religion and Health. 24 (2): 133–146. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF01532257">10.1007/BF01532257</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-4197">0022-4197</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24306073">24306073</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:39066052">39066052</a>. <q>Social change in attitudes toward masturbation has occurred at the professional level only since 1960 and at the popular level since 1970. [133] ... onanism and masturbation erroneously became synonymous... [134] ... there is no legislation in the Bible pertaining to masturbation. [135]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Religion+and+Health&rft.atitle=Masturbation+from+Judaism+to+Victorianism&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E133-%3C%2Fspan%3E146&rft.date=1985-06&rft.issn=0022-4197&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A39066052%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24306073&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF01532257&rft.aulast=Patton&rft.aufirst=Michael+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-boulware-83">^ <a href="#cite_ref-boulware_83-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-boulware_83-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoulware2000" class="citation news cs1">Boulware, Jack (9 May 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salon.com/2000/05/09/masturbate/">"Sex educator says most people masturbate"</a>. Salon.com. Retrieved 27 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Salon.com&rft.atitle=Sex+educator+says+most+people+masturbate&rft.date=2000-05-09&rft.aulast=Boulware&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.salon.com%2F2000%2F05%2F09%2Fmasturbate%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> apud <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.religioustolerance.org/masturba1.htm">"Masturbation: Current medical opinions"</a>. Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance. Retrieved 27 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Masturbation%3A+Current+medical+opinions&rft.pub=Ontario+Consultants+on+Religious+Tolerance&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.religioustolerance.org%2Fmasturba1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Szasz-84">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Szasz_84-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szasz_84-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Szasz_84-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSzasz1974" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Szasz" title="Thomas Szasz">Szasz, Thomas S.</a> (1974) [1973]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1us9AAAAIAAJ&q=%22Masturbation:+the+primary+sexual+activity+of+mankind.+In+the+nineteenth+century+it+was+a+disease;+in+the+twentieth,+it%27s+a+cure.%22+%22second+sin%22&pg=PA10">"Sex"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1us9AAAAIAAJ">The Second Sin</a>. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd. p. 10. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7100-7757-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7100-7757-8"><bdi>978-0-7100-7757-8</bdi></a>. Retrieved 30 June 2011. <q>Masturbation: the primary sexual activity of mankind. In the nineteenth century it was a disease; in the twentieth, it's a cure.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sex&rft.btitle=The+Second+Sin&rft.place=London&rft.pages=10&rft.pub=Routledge+%26+Kegan+Paul+Ltd&rft.date=1974&rft.isbn=978-0-7100-7757-8&rft.aulast=Szasz&rft.aufirst=Thomas+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1us9AAAAIAAJ%26q%3D%2522Masturbation%3A%2Bthe%2Bprimary%2Bsexual%2Bactivity%2Bof%2Bmankind.%2BIn%2Bthe%2Bnineteenth%2Bcentury%2Bit%2Bwas%2Ba%2Bdisease%3B%2Bin%2Bthe%2Btwentieth%2C%2Bit%2527s%2Ba%2Bcure.%2522%2B%2522second%2Bsin%2522%26pg%3DPA10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shpancer2010-85">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Shpancer2010_85-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shpancer2010_85-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShpancer2010" class="citation journal cs1">Shpancer, Noah (29 September 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/insight-therapy/201009/the-masturbation-gap">"The Masturbation Gap. The pained history of self pleasure"</a>. Psychology Today. Retrieved 27 June 2013. <q>The publication of Kinsey's and Masters and Johnson's research revealed that masturbation was both common and harmless. Many studies have since confirmed this basic truth, revealing in addition that masturbation is neither a substitute for "real" sex nor a facilitator of risky sex.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychology+Today&rft.atitle=The+Masturbation+Gap.+The+pained+history+of+self+pleasure&rft.date=2010-09-29&rft.aulast=Shpancer&rft.aufirst=Noah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.psychologytoday.com%2Fblog%2Finsight-therapy%2F201009%2Fthe-masturbation-gap&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Coon2014-86">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Coon2014_86-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Coon2014_86-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoonMitterer2014" class="citation book cs1">Coon, Dennis; Mitterer, John O. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-4jCBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA363">"11. Gender and Sexuality"</a>. Introduction to Psychology: Gateways to Mind and Behavior (14 ed.). Cengage Learning. p. 363. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-305-54500-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-305-54500-7"><bdi>978-1-305-54500-7</bdi></a>. <q>Is there any way that masturbation can cause harm? Seventy years ago, a child might have been told that masturbation would cause insanity, acne, sterility, or other such nonsense. "Self-abuse," as it was then called, has enjoyed a long and unfortunate history of religious and medical disapproval (Caroll, 2013). The modern view is that masturbation is a normal sexual behavior (Hogarth & Ingham, 2009). Enlightened parents are well aware of this fact. Still, many children are punished or made to feel guilty for touching their genitals. This is unfortunate because masturbation itself is harmless. Typically, its only negative effects are feelings of fear, guilt, or anxiety that arise from learning to think of masturbation as "bad" or "wrong." In an age when people are urged to practice "<a href="/wiki/Safer_sex" class="mw-redirect" title="Safer sex">safer sex</a>," masturbation remains the safest sex of all.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=11.+Gender+and+Sexuality&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+Psychology%3A+Gateways+to+Mind+and+Behavior&rft.pages=363&rft.edition=14&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-305-54500-7&rft.aulast=Coon&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.au=Mitterer%2C+John+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-4jCBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA363&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sigel2004-87">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sigel2004_87-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sigel2004_87-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSigel2004" class="citation journal cs1">Sigel, Lisa Z. (Summer 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fjsh.2004.0065">"Masturbation: The History of the Great Terror. By Jean Stengers and Anne Van Neck. Translated by Kathryn Hoffmann (New York: Palgrave, 2001. ix plus 232 pp.)"</a>. Journal of Social History. 37 (4): 1065–1066. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fjsh.2004.0065">10.1353/jsh.2004.0065</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-4529">0022-4529</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3790078">3790078</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:141801392">141801392</a>. <q>Stengers and Van Neck follow the illness to its fairly abrupt demise; they liken the shift to finally seeing the emperor without clothes as doctors began to doubt masturbation as a cause of illness at the turn of the twentieth century. Once doubt set in, scientists began to accumulate statistics about the practice, finding that a large minority and then a large majority of people masturbated. The implications were clear: if most people masturbated and did not experience insanity, debility, and early death, then masturbation could not be held accountable to the etiology that had been assigned it. Masturbation quickly lost its hold over the medical community, and parents followed in making masturbation an ordinary part of first childhood and then human sexuality.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Social+History&rft.atitle=Masturbation%3A+The+History+of+the+Great+Terror.+By+Jean+Stengers+and+Anne+Van+Neck.+Translated+by+Kathryn+Hoffmann+%28New+York%3A+Palgrave%2C+2001.+ix+plus+232+pp.%29&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1065-%3C%2Fspan%3E1066&rft.date=2004&rft.issn=0022-4529&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A141801392%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3790078%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fjsh.2004.0065&rft.aulast=Sigel&rft.aufirst=Lisa+Z.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1353%252Fjsh.2004.0065&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wood2005-88">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wood2005_88-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wood2005_88-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWood2005" class="citation journal cs1">Wood, Kate (March 2005). "Masturbation as a Means of Achieving Sexual Health by Walter Bockting; Eli Coleman". Culture, Health & Sexuality. 7 (2): 182–184. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1369-1058">1369-1058</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4005453">4005453</a>. <q>In the collection's introductory chapter, Eli Coleman describes how Kinsey's research half a century ago was the first in a series of studies to challenge widely prevalent cultural myths relating to the 'harmful' effects of masturbation, revealing the practice to be both common and non-pathological. Subsequent research, outlined by Coleman in this chapter, has shown masturbation to be linked to healthy sexual development, sexual well-being in relationships, self-esteem and bodily integrity (an important sexual right). As such, the promotion and de-stigmatization of the practice continue to be important strategies within sexology for the achievement of healthy sexual development and well-being. The collection concludes with two surveys among US college students. The first of these was based on limited quantitative questions relating to masturbation. The findings suggest that masturbation is not a substitute for sexual intercourse, as has often been posited, but is associated with increased sexual interest and greater number of partners. The second of these surveys asks whether masturbation could be useful in treating low sexual desire, by examining the relationship between masturbation, libido and sexual fantasy.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Culture%2C+Health+%26+Sexuality&rft.atitle=Masturbation+as+a+Means+of+Achieving+Sexual+Health+by+Walter+Bockting%3B+Eli+Coleman&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E182-%3C%2Fspan%3E184&rft.date=2005-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4005453%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=1369-1058&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Kate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeorge_R._Brown,_MD2019" class="citation web cs1">George R. Brown, MD (July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151224004746/http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/sexuality,-gender-dysphoria,-and-paraphilias/overview-of-sexual-behavior">"Overview of Sexuality"</a>. Merck Manuals Professional Version. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/sexuality,-gender-dysphoria,-and-paraphilias/overview-of-sexual-behavior">the original</a> on 24 December 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merck+Manuals+Professional+Version&rft.atitle=Overview+of+Sexuality&rft.date=2019-07&rft.au=George+R.+Brown%2C+MD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merckmanuals.com%2Fprofessional%2Fpsychiatric-disorders%2Fsexuality%2C-gender-dysphoria%2C-and-paraphilias%2Foverview-of-sexual-behavior&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PlannedParenthood-90"><a href="#cite_ref-PlannedParenthood_90-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/teens/sex/masturbation/masturbation-good-you">"Is Masturbation Good For You?"</a>. www.plannedparenthood.org. Retrieved 28 April 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.plannedparenthood.org&rft.atitle=Is+Masturbation+Good+For+You%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.plannedparenthood.org%2Flearn%2Fteens%2Fsex%2Fmasturbation%2Fmasturbation-good-you&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Elders-91">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Elders_91-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Elders_91-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJelq" class="citation web cs1">Jelq, Jeff. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jackinworld.com/library/articles/elders.html">"JackinLibrary: Joycelyn Elders"</a>. Jackinworld.com. Retrieved 25 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jackinworld.com&rft.atitle=JackinLibrary%3A+Joycelyn+Elders&rft.aulast=Jelq&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jackinworld.com%2Flibrary%2Farticles%2Felders.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Datta-92"><a href="#cite_ref-Datta_92-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDatta2007" class="citation book cs1">Datta, Parul (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Um1_7gM-E1wC&pg=PA189">Pediatric Nursing</a>. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers. p. 189. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-8061-970-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-8061-970-0"><bdi>978-81-8061-970-0</bdi></a>. Retrieved 27 August 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pediatric+Nursing&rft.pages=189&rft.pub=Jaypee+Brothers+Medical+Publishers&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-81-8061-970-0&rft.aulast=Datta&rft.aufirst=Parul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUm1_7gM-E1wC%26pg%3DPA189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-Britannica-93"><a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_93-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Editors_of_Encyclopaedia_Britannica2014" class="citation web cs1">The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica (9 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/masturbation">"Masturbation"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 11 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Masturbation&rft.date=2014-01-09&rft.au=The+Editors+of+Encyclopaedia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Fmasturbation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-j269-94"><a href="#cite_ref-j269_94-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSlowinski1994" class="citation book cs1">Slowinski, Julian W. (1994). "Therapy: Sex Therapy". In Bullough, Vern L.; Bullough, Bonnie (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021216190909/http://www2.hu-berlin.de/sexology/GESUND/ARCHIV/SEN/CH23.HTM">Human Sexuality: An Encyclopedia</a>. 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Am. Fam. Physician. 60 (2): 549–52, 554. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10465229">10465229</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Am.+Fam.+Physician&rft.atitle=Peyronie%27s+disease%3A+current+management&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E549-%3C%2Fspan%3E52%2C+554&rft.date=1999-08&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10465229&rft.aulast=Fitkin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.au=Ho%2C+GT&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aafp.org%2Fafp%2F1999%2F0801%2Fp549.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Balon2005-119"><a href="#cite_ref-Balon2005_119-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalonSegraves2005" class="citation book cs1">Balon R, Segraves RT, eds. (2005). Handbook of Sexual Dysfunction. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8247-5826-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8247-5826-4"><bdi>978-0-8247-5826-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Sexual+Dysfunction&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-8247-5826-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wylie2015-120"><a href="#cite_ref-Wylie2015_120-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWylie_KR2015" class="citation book cs1">Wylie KR, ed. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oH64CAAAQBAJ&q=Post-orgasmic+illness+syndrome&pg=PA75">ABC of Sexual Health</a>. John Wiley & Sons. p. 75. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-118-66556-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-118-66556-5"><bdi>978-1-118-66556-5</bdi></a>. Retrieved 21 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=ABC+of+Sexual+Health&rft.pages=75&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-118-66556-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoH64CAAAQBAJ%26q%3DPost-orgasmic%2Billness%2Bsyndrome%26pg%3DPA75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GARD-121"><a href="#cite_ref-GARD_121-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305193016/https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/gard/10809/postorgasmic-illness-syndrome/resources/1">"Postorgasmic illness syndrome"</a>. Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD). <a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health</a>. 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/gard/10809/postorgasmic-illness-syndrome/resources/1">the original</a> on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Postorgasmic+illness+syndrome&rft.btitle=Genetic+and+Rare+Diseases+Information+Center+%28GARD%29&rft.pub=National+Institutes+of+Health&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frarediseases.info.nih.gov%2Fgard%2F10809%2Fpostorgasmic-illness-syndrome%2Fresources%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ashby2010-122"><a href="#cite_ref-Ashby2010_122-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshbyGoldmeier2010" class="citation journal cs1">Ashby J, Goldmeier D (May 2010). "Postorgasm illness syndrome--a spectrum of illnesses". J. Sex. Med. 7 (5): 1976–81. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1743-6109.2010.01707.x">10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01707.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20214722">20214722</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Sex.+Med.&rft.atitle=Postorgasm+illness+syndrome--a+spectrum+of+illnesses&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1976-%3C%2Fspan%3E81&rft.date=2010-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1743-6109.2010.01707.x&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20214722&rft.aulast=Ashby&rft.aufirst=J&rft.au=Goldmeier%2C+D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-McMahon2014-123"><a href="#cite_ref-McMahon2014_123-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcMahon_CG2014" class="citation journal cs1">McMahon CG (October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304110554/https://www.statusplus.net/issm/saopaulo2014/presentations/082.pdf">"Post-Orgasmic Illness Syndrome"</a> (PDF). 16th World Meeting on Sexual Medicine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statusplus.net/issm/saopaulo2014/presentations/082.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=16th+World+Meeting+on+Sexual+Medicine&rft.atitle=Post-Orgasmic+Illness+Syndrome&rft.date=2014-10&rft.au=McMahon+CG&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statusplus.net%2Fissm%2Fsaopaulo2014%2Fpresentations%2F082.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChildren's_Medical_Office_of_North_Andover,_P.C." class="citation web cs1">Children's Medical Office of North Andover, P.C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210405024213/https://www.chmed.com/behavioral-care/child-development/masturbation/">"Masturbation in Early Childhood"</a>. Chmed.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chmed.com/behavioral-care/child-development/masturbation/">the original</a> on 5 April 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chmed.com&rft.atitle=Masturbation+in+Early+Childhood&rft.au=Children%27s+Medical+Office+of+North+Andover%2C+P.C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chmed.com%2Fbehavioral-care%2Fchild-development%2Fmasturbation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Myers-125"><a href="#cite_ref-Myers_125-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMyers2005" class="citation book cs1">Myers, John E. B. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-krZZF9dl-sC&q=excessive+masturbation&pg=PA385">Myers on Evidence in Child, Domestic and Elder Abuse Cases, Volume 1</a>. Aspen Publishers. p. 385. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7355-5668-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7355-5668-3"><bdi>978-0-7355-5668-3</bdi></a>. Retrieved 27 August 2011. <q>Jon Conte and his colleagues were interested to learn what factors are important to mental health professionals who regularly evaluate children for sexual abuse. The evaluators were asked to rank the importance of forty-one indicators of sexual abuse. The following indicators were thought important by more than ninety percent of evaluators: medical evidence of abuse, age-inappropriate sexual knowledge, sexualized play during the interview, precocious or seductive behavior, excessive masturbation, child's description is consistent over time, child's description reveals pressure or coercion.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Myers+on+Evidence+in+Child%2C+Domestic+and+Elder+Abuse+Cases%2C+Volume+1&rft.pages=385&rft.pub=Aspen+Publishers&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-7355-5668-3&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=John+E.+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-krZZF9dl-sC%26q%3Dexcessive%2Bmasturbation%26pg%3DPA385&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Faller-126"><a href="#cite_ref-Faller_126-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoulborn_Faller2003" class="citation book cs1">Coulborn Faller, Kathleen (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FkT2wTGTUAoC&q=%22excessive+masturbation%22&pg=PA39">Understanding and Assessing Child Sexual Maltreatment</a>. <a href="/wiki/SAGE_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="SAGE Publications">SAGE Publications</a>. p. 39. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7619-1996-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7619-1996-4"><bdi>978-0-7619-1996-4</bdi></a>. Retrieved 27 August 2011. <q>Six different types of sexual behavior that signal possible sexual abuse will be described in this section: (a) excessive masturbation, (b) sexual interaction with peers, (c) sexual aggression toward younger or more naive children, (d) sexual accosting of older people or adults, (e) seductive behavior, and (f) promiscuity.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Understanding+and+Assessing+Child+Sexual+Maltreatment&rft.pages=39&rft.pub=SAGE+Publications&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7619-1996-4&rft.aulast=Coulborn+Faller&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFkT2wTGTUAoC%26q%3D%2522excessive%2Bmasturbation%2522%26pg%3DPA39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stafford2011-127">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stafford2011_127-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stafford2011_127-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stafford2011_127-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stafford2011_127-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStafford2011" class="citation book cs1">Stafford, Emma (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EflODgAAQBAJ&q=satyrs+masturbation&pg=PA359">"Clutching the chickpea: private pleasures of the bad boyfriend"</a>. In Lambert, S. D. (ed.). Sociable Man: Essays on Ancient Greek Social Behaviour in Honour of Nick Fisher. Swansea, Wales: Classical Press of Wales. pp. 337–364. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-910589-21-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-910589-21-2"><bdi>978-1-910589-21-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Clutching+the+chickpea%3A+private+pleasures+of+the+bad+boyfriend&rft.btitle=Sociable+Man%3A+Essays+on+Ancient+Greek+Social+Behaviour+in+Honour+of+Nick+Fisher&rft.place=Swansea%2C+Wales&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E337-%3C%2Fspan%3E364&rft.pub=Classical+Press+of+Wales&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-910589-21-2&rft.aulast=Stafford&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEflODgAAQBAJ%26q%3Dsatyrs%2Bmasturbation%26pg%3DPA359&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-March2014-128">^ <a href="#cite_ref-March2014_128-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-March2014_128-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarch2014" class="citation book cs1">March, Jennifer R. (2014) [1996]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v5jwAwAAQBAJ&q=satyr+faun+mythology&pg=PA436">"Satyrs and Silens"</a>. Dictionary of Classical Mythology. Oxford, England and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Oxbow Books. pp. 435–436. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78297-635-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78297-635-6"><bdi>978-1-78297-635-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Satyrs+and+Silens&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Classical+Mythology&rft.place=Oxford%2C+England+and+Philadelphia%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E435-%3C%2Fspan%3E436&rft.pub=Oxbow+Books&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-78297-635-6&rft.aulast=March&rft.aufirst=Jennifer+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv5jwAwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dsatyr%2Bfaun%2Bmythology%26pg%3DPA436&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dening1996-129">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dening1996_129-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dening1996_129-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dening1996_129-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dening1996_129-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDening1996" class="citation book cs1">Dening, Sarah (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ishtartemple.org/myth.htm">"Chapter 3: Sex in Ancient Civilizations"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mythologyofsexan0000deni">The Mythology of Sex</a>. London, England: Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-02-861207-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-02-861207-2"><bdi>978-0-02-861207-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+3%3A+Sex+in+Ancient+Civilizations&rft.btitle=The+Mythology+of+Sex&rft.place=London%2C+England&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-02-861207-2&rft.aulast=Dening&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ishtartemple.org%2Fmyth.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeick2013" class="citation cs2">Leick, Gwendolyn (2013) [1994], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WKoWblE4pd0C&pg=PA64">Sex and Eroticism in Mesopotamian Literature</a>, New York City, New York: Routledge, p. 32, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-92074-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-134-92074-7"><bdi>978-1-134-92074-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sex+and+Eroticism+in+Mesopotamian+Literature&rft.place=New+York+City%2C+New+York&rft.pages=32&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-134-92074-7&rft.aulast=Leick&rft.aufirst=Gwendolyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWKoWblE4pd0C%26pg%3DPA64&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilkinson2003" class="citation book cs1">Wilkinson, Richard H. (2003). The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt. Thames and Hudson. pp. 17–18, 99. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0500051208" title="Special:BookSources/0500051208"><bdi>0500051208</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Gods+and+Goddesses+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E17-%3C%2Fspan%3E18%2C+99&rft.pub=Thames+and+Hudson&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0500051208&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.aufirst=Richard+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rosenfeld-132"><a href="#cite_ref-rosenfeld_132-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenfeld2008" class="citation book cs1">Rosenfeld, Jennie (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4e6TnaciudcC&pg=PA133">Talmudic Re-readings: Toward a Modern Orthodox Sexual Ethic</a>. p. 133. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-549-43458-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-549-43458-0"><bdi>978-0-549-43458-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Talmudic+Re-readings%3A+Toward+a+Modern+Orthodox+Sexual+Ethic&rft.pages=133&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-549-43458-0&rft.aulast=Rosenfeld&rft.aufirst=Jennie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4e6TnaciudcC%26pg%3DPA133&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-133">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_133-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_133-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller2011" class="citation book cs1">Miller, James (4 January 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/examinedlive_mill_2011_000_10579125">Examined Lives: From Socrates to Nietzsche</a>. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/examinedlive_mill_2011_000_10579125/page/n93">80</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4299-5716-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4299-5716-8"><bdi>978-1-4299-5716-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Examined+Lives%3A+From+Socrates+to+Nietzsche&rft.pages=80&rft.pub=Farrar%2C+Straus+and+Giroux&rft.date=2011-01-04&rft.isbn=978-1-4299-5716-8&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fexaminedlive_mill_2011_000_10579125&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Allen2006-134">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Allen2006_134-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allen2006_134-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllen2006" class="citation book cs1">Allen, Robert H. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y_q2BQAAQBAJ&q=Diogenes+of+SInope+masturbation&pg=PA152">The Classical Origins of Modern Homophobia</a>. Jefferson, North Carolina: MacFarland & Company. p. 152. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-2349-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-2349-1"><bdi>978-0-7864-2349-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Classical+Origins+of+Modern+Homophobia&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+North+Carolina&rft.pages=152&rft.pub=MacFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-2349-1&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=Robert+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DY_q2BQAAQBAJ%26q%3DDiogenes%2Bof%2BSInope%2Bmasturbation%26pg%3DPA152&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Alison2015-135">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Alison2015_135-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alison2015_135-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalhoun2015" class="citation book cs1">Calhoun, Alison (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=o0LxBQAAQBAJ&q=Diogenes+of+SInope+masturbation&pg=PA60">Montaigne and the Lives of the Philosophers: Life Writing and Transversality in the Essais</a>. Newark, Delaware: University of Delaware Press. p. 60. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61149-480-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61149-480-8"><bdi>978-1-61149-480-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Montaigne+and+the+Lives+of+the+Philosophers%3A+Life+Writing+and+Transversality+in+the+Essais&rft.place=Newark%2C+Delaware&rft.pages=60&rft.pub=University+of+Delaware+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-61149-480-8&rft.aulast=Calhoun&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Do0LxBQAAQBAJ%26q%3DDiogenes%2Bof%2BSInope%2Bmasturbation%26pg%3DPA60&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.joongang.co.kr/article/2402850#home">"[갓 쓴 양반들의 性 담론 ③] 자위행위"</a>. 27 July 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%5B%EA%B0%93+%EC%93%B4+%EC%96%91%EB%B0%98%EB%93%A4%EC%9D%98+%E6%80%A7+%EB%8B%B4%EB%A1%A0+%E2%91%A2%5D+%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%84%ED%96%89%EC%9C%84&rft.date=2005-07-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.joongang.co.kr%2Farticle%2F2402850%23home&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHewlettHewlett" class="citation web cs1">Hewlett, Barry S.; Hewlett, Bonnie L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230429134925/http://jambo.africa.kyoto-u.ac.jp/kiroku/asm_normal/abstracts/pdf/31-3/107-125.pdf">"SEX AND SEARCHING FOR CHILDREN AMONG AKA FORAGERS AND NGANDU FARMERS OF CENTRAL AFRICA. (African Study Monographs, 31(3): 107-125, October 2010)"</a> (PDF). Jambo.africa.kyoto-u.ac.jp. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jambo.africa.kyoto-u.ac.jp/kiroku/asm_normal/abstracts/pdf/31-3/107-125.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 29 April 2023. Retrieved 9 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jambo.africa.kyoto-u.ac.jp&rft.atitle=SEX+AND+SEARCHING+FOR+CHILDREN+AMONG+AKA+FORAGERS+AND+NGANDU+FARMERS+OF+CENTRAL+AFRICA.+%28African+Study+Monographs%2C+31%283%29%3A+107-125%2C+October+2010%29&rft.aulast=Hewlett&rft.aufirst=Barry+S.&rft.au=Hewlett%2C+Bonnie+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjambo.africa.kyoto-u.ac.jp%2Fkiroku%2Fasm_normal%2Fabstracts%2Fpdf%2F31-3%2F107-125.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=Onanism">"Onanism | Search Online Etymology Dictionary"</a>. Etymonline.com. Retrieved 23 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Etymonline.com&rft.atitle=Onanism+%26%23124%3B+Search+Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fsearch%3Fq%3DOnanism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> See Traité contre l'impureté (1707) and The Nature of Uncleanness (1708); Ian McCormick ed. Sexual Outcasts: Onanism. Vol. 4. (London and New York: Routledge, 2000). pp. 1-10. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStengersvan_Neck200156–57-140"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStengersvan_Neck200156–57_140-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFStengersvan_Neck2001">Stengers & van Neck 2001</a>, pp. 56–57. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStengersvan_Neck200174-141"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStengersvan_Neck200174_141-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFStengersvan_Neck2001">Stengers & van Neck 2001</a>, p. 74. </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKant1996" class="citation book cs1">Kant, Emmanuel (18 April 1996). Gregor, Mary J. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MJcrTG6tJsAC&pg=PA179">The Metaphysics of Morals</a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 179. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-56673-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-56673-5"><bdi>978-0-521-56673-5</bdi></a>. Retrieved 28 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Metaphysics+of+Morals&rft.pages=179&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1996-04-18&rft.isbn=978-0-521-56673-5&rft.aulast=Kant&rft.aufirst=Emmanuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMJcrTG6tJsAC%26pg%3DPA179&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Singer_2013_p._205-143"><a href="#cite_ref-Singer_2013_p._205_143-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuckle2013" class="citation book cs1">Buckle, Stephen (2013) [1991]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KBtBmeL3ICcC&pg=PT205">"Natural Law"</a>. In Singer, Peter (ed.). A Companion to Ethics. Blackwell Companions to Philosophy. Wiley. pp. 171–174. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-118-72496-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-118-72496-5"><bdi>978-1-118-72496-5</bdi></a>. Retrieved 2 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Natural+Law&rft.btitle=A+Companion+to+Ethics&rft.series=Blackwell+Companions+to+Philosophy&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E171-%3C%2Fspan%3E174&rft.pub=Wiley&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-118-72496-5&rft.aulast=Buckle&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKBtBmeL3ICcC%26pg%3DPT205&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arroyo_2017_p._131-144"><a href="#cite_ref-Arroyo_2017_p._131_144-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArroyo2017" class="citation book cs1">Arroyo, Christopher (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EAQkDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA131">Kant's Ethics and the Same-Sex Marriage Debate - An Introduction</a>. Springer International Publishing. p. 131. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-319-55733-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-319-55733-5"><bdi>978-3-319-55733-5</bdi></a>. Retrieved 30 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kant%27s+Ethics+and+the+Same-Sex+Marriage+Debate+-+An+Introduction&rft.pages=131&rft.pub=Springer+International+Publishing&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-3-319-55733-5&rft.aulast=Arroyo&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEAQkDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> E.H. Hare (1962) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/bjprcpsych/108/452/1.full.pdf">Masturbatory Insanity: The History of an Idea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Mental_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="Journal of Mental Science">Journal of Mental Science</a> 108:4 (issue #452) </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Dufty" title="William Dufty">William Dufty</a> (1975) <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Blues" title="Sugar Blues">Sugar Blues</a>, pages 65,6 </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStengersvan_Neck2001" class="citation book cs1">Stengers, Jean; van Neck, Anne (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-Wi_E6htSoAC&pg=PA133">Masturbation: the history of a great terror</a>. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 132–133. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-22443-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-22443-1"><bdi>978-0-312-22443-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Masturbation%3A+the+history+of+a+great+terror&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E132-%3C%2Fspan%3E133&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-312-22443-1&rft.aulast=Stengers&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft.au=van+Neck%2C+Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-Wi_E6htSoAC%26pg%3DPA133&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bennett_1999_pp._269–294-148"><a href="#cite_ref-Bennett_1999_pp._269–294_148-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBennett1999" class="citation journal cs1">Bennett, David (1999). "Burghers, Burglars, and Masturbators: The Sovereign Spender in the Age of Consumerism". New Literary History. 30 (2): 269–294. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fnlh.1999.0018">10.1353/nlh.1999.0018</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1080-661X">1080-661X</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144501464">144501464</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Literary+History&rft.atitle=Burghers%2C+Burglars%2C+and+Masturbators%3A+The+Sovereign+Spender+in+the+Age+of+Consumerism&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E269-%3C%2Fspan%3E294&rft.date=1999&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144501464%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1080-661X&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fnlh.1999.0018&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ellis_Abarbanel_1961_p.-149"><a href="#cite_ref-Ellis_Abarbanel_1961_p._149-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDearborn1961" class="citation book cs1">Dearborn, Lester W. (1961). "Autoerotism". In Ellis, Albert; Abarbanel, Albert (eds.). The encyclopedia of sexual behavior. New York: Hawthorn Books. p. 209. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/259681">259681</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Autoerotism&rft.btitle=The+encyclopedia+of+sexual+behavior&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=209&rft.pub=Hawthorn+Books&rft.date=1961&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F259681&rft.aulast=Dearborn&rft.aufirst=Lester+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ley2014-150">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ley2014_150-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ley2014_150-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLey2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_J._Ley" title="David J. Ley">Ley, David J.</a> (10 July 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YlBQ8G56X7YC&pg=PA12">The Myth of Sex Addiction</a>. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-1305-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-1305-0"><bdi>978-1-4422-1305-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Myth+of+Sex+Addiction&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2014-07-10&rft.isbn=978-1-4422-1305-0&rft.aulast=Ley&rft.aufirst=David+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYlBQ8G56X7YC%26pg%3DPA12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-darby_2003-151">^ <a href="#cite_ref-darby_2003_151-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-darby_2003_151-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDarby2003" class="citation journal cs1">Darby, Robert (Spring 2003). "The Masturbation Taboo and the Rise of Routine Male Circumcision: A Review of the Historiography". <a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Social_History" title="Journal of Social History">Journal of Social History</a>. 36 (3). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>: 737–757. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fjsh.2003.0047">10.1353/jsh.2003.0047</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3790737">3790737</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:72536074">72536074</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Social+History&rft.atitle=The+Masturbation+Taboo+and+the+Rise+of+Routine+Male+Circumcision%3A+A+Review+of+the+Historiography&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E737-%3C%2Fspan%3E757&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A72536074%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3790737%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fjsh.2003.0047&rft.aulast=Darby&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbellHartwell_Harrison1970" class="citation book cs1">Campbell, Meredith F.; Hartwell Harrison, J., eds. (1970). "The Male Genital Tract and the Female Urethra". Urology. Vol. 2 (3rd ed.). p. 1836.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Male+Genital+Tract+and+the+Female+Urethra&rft.btitle=Urology&rft.pages=1836&rft.edition=3rd&rft.date=1970&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-moscucci-153"><a href="#cite_ref-moscucci_153-0">^</a> Ornella Moscucci, "Male masturbation and the offending prepuce," at: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010806194356/http://www.cirp.org/library/history/moscucci/">"Circumcision Information and Resource Pages"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cirp.org/library/history/moscucci/">the original</a> on 6 August 2001. Retrieved 3 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Circumcision+Information+and+Resource+Pages&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cirp.org%2Flibrary%2Fhistory%2Fmoscucci%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> (It is an excerpt from "Sexualities in Victorian Britain.") apud <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.religioustolerance.org/masturba1.htm">Masturbation: Current medical opinions</a> Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance. New URL: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://sites.google.com/site/completebaby/repression">http://sites.google.com/site/completebaby/repression</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-DörnerPlog2015-154"><a href="#cite_ref-DörnerPlog2015_154-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDörnerPlogTellerWendt2014" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dörner, Klaus; Plog, Ursula; Teller, Christine; Wendt, Frank (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0h25CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA116">Manual de psihiatrie socială și psihoterapie</a> (in Romanian). Trei. p. 116. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-606-719-248-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-606-719-248-3"><bdi>978-606-719-248-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manual+de+psihiatrie+social%C4%83+%C8%99i+psihoterapie&rft.pages=116&rft.pub=Trei&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-606-719-248-3&rft.aulast=D%C3%B6rner&rft.aufirst=Klaus&rft.au=Plog%2C+Ursula&rft.au=Teller%2C+Christine&rft.au=Wendt%2C+Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0h25CgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA116&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> Cf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDörnerPlogTellerWendt2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dörner, Klaus; Plog, Ursula; Teller, Christine; Wendt, Frank (2002) [1978]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YB9tAAAACAAJ">Irren ist menschlich: Lehrbuch der Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie</a> (in German). Psychiatrie-Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-88414-333-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-88414-333-9"><bdi>978-3-88414-333-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Irren+ist+menschlich%3A+Lehrbuch+der+Psychiatrie%2C+Psychotherapie&rft.pub=Psychiatrie-Verlag&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-3-88414-333-9&rft.aulast=D%C3%B6rner&rft.aufirst=Klaus&rft.au=Plog%2C+Ursula&rft.au=Teller%2C+Christine&rft.au=Wendt%2C+Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYB9tAAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-q271-155"><a href="#cite_ref-q271_155-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaqueur2003" class="citation book cs1">Laqueur, Thomas Walter (2003). Solitary Sex. New York: Zone Books. p. 78. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-890951-32-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-890951-32-3"><bdi>1-890951-32-3</bdi></a>. <q>Less clinical, less overtly political, the solitary vice of the imagination and of fantasy that had so terrified Rousseau had been transformed into a virtue: self-pleasuring was the path to self-knowledge, self-discovery, and spiritual well-being.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Solitary+Sex&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=78&rft.pub=Zone+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-890951-32-3&rft.aulast=Laqueur&rft.aufirst=Thomas+Walter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-o959-156"><a href="#cite_ref-o959_156-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAyala2010" class="citation journal cs1">Ayala, Francisco J. (11 May 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3024030">"The difference of being human: Morality"</a>. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 107 (supplement_2): 9015–9022. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.0914616107">10.1073/pnas.0914616107</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0027-8424">0027-8424</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3024030">3024030</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20445091">20445091</a>. <q>I will use the term "ethical behavior" as a synonym of "moral behavior," and "morality" and "ethics" as synonyms of each other, except when explicitly noted or contextually obvious that they are used with a somewhat different meaning. Some authors use "morality" or "virtue ethics" in a broader sense that would include good feelings in regard to others and exclude inappropriate thoughts or desires, such as entertaining sexual desires for somebody else's wife or wishes that something harmful would happen to others. So long as these thoughts or desires are not transformed into actions, they will not be included in my use of "morality." Actions that may be thought to be evil or sinful in some moral systems, such as masturbation or eating pork, will not be included either in my use of "morality," so long as the actions have no consequences for others.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=The+difference+of+being+human%3A+Morality&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=supplement_2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E9015-%3C%2Fspan%3E9022&rft.date=2010-05-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3024030%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=0027-8424&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20445091&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.0914616107&rft.aulast=Ayala&rft.aufirst=Francisco+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3024030&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-channel4.com_2009-157"><a href="#cite_ref-channel4.com_2009_157-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090616081408/https://www.channel4.com/programmes/love-in-the-21st-century/episode-guide/">"Love in the 21st Century - Episode Guide - Channel 4"</a>. channel4.com. 16 June 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.channel4.com/programmes/love-in-the-21st-century/episode-guide/">the original</a> on 16 June 2009. Retrieved 28 October 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=channel4.com&rft.atitle=Love+in+the+21st+Century+-+Episode+Guide+-+Channel+4&rft.date=2009-06-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.channel4.com%2Fprogrammes%2Flove-in-the-21st-century%2Fepisode-guide%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScowen" class="citation news cs1">Scowen, Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/parenting/we-need-to-talk-about-masturbation-the-last-great-sexual-taboo/article19678627/">"We need to talk about masturbation, the last great sexual taboo"</a>. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 21 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Globe+and+Mail&rft.atitle=We+need+to+talk+about+masturbation%2C+the+last+great+sexual+taboo&rft.aulast=Scowen&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theglobeandmail.com%2Flife%2Fparenting%2Fwe-need-to-talk-about-masturbation-the-last-great-sexual-taboo%2Farticle19678627%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.ie/world-news/americas/boy-scout-14-took-own-life-after-being-mercilessly-bullied-over-viral-sex-act-video-30436799.html">"Matthew Burdette: Boy Scout, 14, took his own life after being 'bullied' over 'viral video'"</a>. Irish Independent. Retrieved 17 February 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Irish+Independent&rft.atitle=Matthew+Burdette%3A+Boy+Scout%2C+14%2C+took+his+own+life+after+being+%27bullied%27+over+%27viral+video%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.ie%2Fworld-news%2Famericas%2Fboy-scout-14-took-own-life-after-being-mercilessly-bullied-over-viral-sex-act-video-30436799.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScowen" class="citation news cs1">Scowen, Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/relationships/bullying-shame-suicide-why-is-masturbation-still-stigmatized/article19730945/">"Bullying, shame, suicide – why is masturbation still stigmatized?"</a>. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 21 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Globe+and+Mail&rft.atitle=Bullying%2C+shame%2C+suicide+%E2%80%93+why+is+masturbation+still+stigmatized%3F&rft.aulast=Scowen&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theglobeandmail.com%2Flife%2Frelationships%2Fbullying-shame-suicide-why-is-masturbation-still-stigmatized%2Farticle19730945%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141008094517/http://www.hfea.gov.uk/fertility-treatment-options-donor-insemination.html">"Donor insemination – how does it work?"</a>. Hfea.gov.uk. 14 April 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hfea.gov.uk/fertility-treatment-options-donor-insemination.html">the original</a> on 8 October 2014. Retrieved 27 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hfea.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Donor+insemination+%E2%80%93+how+does+it+work%3F&rft.date=2009-04-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hfea.gov.uk%2Ffertility-treatment-options-donor-insemination.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/sperm-donation/basics/definition/prc-20009520">"Sperm donation Definition – Tests and Procedures"</a>. Mayo Clinic. 20 July 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sperm+donation+Definition+%E2%80%93+Tests+and+Procedures&rft.pub=Mayo+Clinic&rft.date=2012-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.org%2Ftests-procedures%2Fsperm-donation%2Fbasics%2Fdefinition%2Fprc-20009520&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOHasan" class="citation web cs1">OHasan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.stanford.edu/class/siw198q/websites/reprotech/New%20Ways%20of%20Making%20Babies/spermint.htm">"What Does Sperm Donation Involve?"</a>. Web.stanford.edu. 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The Rise and Fall of the British Empire. St. Martin's Griffin. p. 41. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-16985-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-16985-5"><bdi>978-0-312-16985-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rise+and+Fall+of+the+British+Empire&rft.pages=41&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Griffin&rft.date=1997-09-15&rft.isbn=978-0-312-16985-5&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> The context is a discussion of the social habits of the early North American colonists. </li> <li id="cite_note-Guardian-2013-09-19-170">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Guardian-2013-09-19_170-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guardian-2013-09-19_170-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/blog/2013/sep/19/masturbation-laws-world-penal-code">"Masturbation laws around the world: the penal code"</a>. 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Retrieved 20 May 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1568+MONTGOMERY+HIGHWAY+INC+v.+CITY+OF+HOOVER&rft.date=2010-03-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcaselaw.findlaw.com%2Fal-supreme-court%2F1521695.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWithnall2013" class="citation news cs1">Withnall, Adam (19 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/swedish-court-rules-that-it-is-okay-to-masturbate-in-public-8826589.html">"Swedish court rules that it is 'okay' to masturbate in public"</a>. The Independent. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220512/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/swedish-court-rules-that-it-is-okay-to-masturbate-in-public-8826589.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 19 September 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Swedish+court+rules+that+it+is+%27okay%27+to+masturbate+in+public&rft.date=2013-09-19&rft.aulast=Withnall&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fswedish-court-rules-that-it-is-okay-to-masturbate-in-public-8826589.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEaton-Robb,_Pat2011" class="citation news cs1">Eaton-Robb, Pat (8 October 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theday.com/article/20111008/NWS12/111009702">"Connecticut Prisoners Express Anger Over Porn Ban"</a>. Associated Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Connecticut+Prisoners+Express+Anger+Over+Porn+Ban&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft.au=Eaton-Robb%2C+Pat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theday.com%2Farticle%2F20111008%2FNWS12%2F111009702&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohns,_David_Merritt2012" class="citation magazine cs1">Johns, David Merritt (10 January 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2012/01/should_prison_inmates_have_the_right_to_masturbate_.single.html">"Free Willy"</a>. Slate.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=Free+Willy&rft.date=2012-01-10&rft.au=Johns%2C+David+Merritt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slate.com%2Farticles%2Fhealth_and_science%2Fscience%2F2012%2F01%2Fshould_prison_inmates_have_the_right_to_masturbate_.single.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071007174325/https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p3s2c2a6.htm">"Catechism of the Catholic Church"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p3s2c2a6.htm#2352">the original</a> on 7 October 2007. Retrieved 8 October 2007. <q>Both the Magisterium of the Church, in the course of a constant tradition, and the moral sense of the faithful have been in no doubt and have firmly maintained that masturbation is an intrinsically and gravely disordered action."The deliberate use of the sexual faculty, for whatever reason, outside of marriage is essentially contrary to its purpose". For here sexual pleasure is sought outside of "the sexual relationship which is demanded by the moral order and in which the total meaning of mutual self-giving and human procreation in the context of true love is achieved".</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Catechism+of+the+Catholic+Church&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Farchive%2Fccc_css%2Farchive%2Fcatechism%2Fp3s2c2a6.htm%232352&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crikey.com.au/2006/08/29/don-chipp-larrikin-censor-and-party-founder/">"Don Chipp: larrikin, censor, and party founder"</a>. Crikey. 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Retrieved 10 May 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=Daily+Rituals&rft.date=2013-04-30&rft.aulast=Currey&rft.aufirst=Mason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slate.com%2Farticles%2Farts%2Fculturebox%2Ffeatures%2F2013%2Fdaily_rituals%2Fbalzac_and_sex_how_the_french_novelist_used_masturbation_to_fuel_his_writing.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTownshend1971" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/Pete_Townshend" title="Pete Townshend">Townshend, Pete</a> (9 December 1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090123083202/http://home.roadrunner.com/~dmcguire/meatybeaty.html">"Meaty, Beaty, Big and Bouncy"</a>. Rolling Stone. Printed article. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://home.roadrunner.com/~dmcguire/meatybeaty.html">the original</a> on 23 January 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=Meaty%2C+Beaty%2C+Big+and+Bouncy&rft.date=1971-12-09&rft.aulast=Townshend&rft.aufirst=Pete&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhome.roadrunner.com%2F~dmcguire%2Fmeatybeaty.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> "Merely a ditty about masturbation and the importance of it to a young man. I was really diggin' at my folks who, when catching me at it, would talk in loud voices in the corridor outside my room. 'Why can't he go with girls like other boys?'" </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcLean2006" class="citation news cs1">McLean, Craig (25 March 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/pink-the-outspoken-pop-star-on-fame-and-growing-up-471290.html">"Pink: The outspoken pop star on fame and growing up"</a>. The Independent. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220512/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/pink-the-outspoken-pop-star-on-fame-and-growing-up-471290.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Pink%3A+The+outspoken+pop+star+on+fame+and+growing+up&rft.date=2006-03-25&rft.aulast=McLean&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpeople%2Fprofiles%2Fpink-the-outspoken-pop-star-on-fame-and-growing-up-471290.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacdonald2006" class="citation web cs1">Macdonald, Cameron (23 January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000120/http://www.stylusmagazine.com/articles/playing_god/treating-dandruff-by-decapitation.htm">"Treating Dandruff by Decapitation — Playing God"</a>. Stylus Magazine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stylusmagazine.com/articles/playing_god/treating-dandruff-by-decapitation.htm">the original</a> on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 April 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stylus+Magazine&rft.atitle=Treating+Dandruff+by+Decapitation+%E2%80%94+Playing+God&rft.date=2006-01-23&rft.aulast=Macdonald&rft.aufirst=Cameron&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stylusmagazine.com%2Farticles%2Fplaying_god%2Ftreating-dandruff-by-decapitation.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131010045614/http://www.monstersandcritics.com/people/Cyndi-Lauper/biography/">"Cyndi Lauper Biography"</a>. Monsters and Critics. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.monstersandcritics.com/people/Cyndi-Lauper/biography">the original</a> on 10 October 2013. Retrieved 8 November 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Monsters+and+Critics&rft.atitle=Cyndi+Lauper+Biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monstersandcritics.com%2Fpeople%2FCyndi-Lauper%2Fbiography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChaney2005" class="citation news cs1">Chaney, Jen (17 May 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/05/16/AR2005051600756.html">"'Seinfeld,' Four: It's Real and It's Spectacular"</a>. The Washington Post.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=%27Seinfeld%2C%27+Four%3A+It%27s+Real+and+It%27s+Spectacular&rft.date=2005-05-17&rft.aulast=Chaney&rft.aufirst=Jen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2005%2F05%2F16%2FAR2005051600756.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-warmingglow-183"><a href="#cite_ref-warmingglow_183-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140201173918/http://www.uproxx.com/tv/2009/05/the-masturbating-bear-is-coming-back/">"The masturbating bear is coming back!!!"</a>. Warmingglow.uproxx.com. 27 May 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uproxx.com/tv/2009/05/the-masturbating-bear-is-coming-back/">the original</a> on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 8 November 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Warmingglow.uproxx.com&rft.atitle=The+masturbating+bear+is+coming+back%21%21%21&rft.date=2009-05-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uproxx.com%2Ftv%2F2009%2F05%2Fthe-masturbating-bear-is-coming-back%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStableford2010" class="citation web cs1">Stableford, Dylan (21 January 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607152001/http://www.thewrap.com/tv/column-post/conan-finally-unleashes-masturbating-bear-video-13333">"Conan Finally Unleashes 'Masturbating Bear' (Video)"</a>. Thewrap.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thewrap.com/tv/column-post/conan-finally-unleashes-masturbating-bear-video-13333">the original</a> on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 29 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Thewrap.com&rft.atitle=Conan+Finally+Unleashes+%27Masturbating+Bear%27+%28Video%29&rft.date=2010-01-21&rft.aulast=Stableford&rft.aufirst=Dylan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thewrap.com%2Ftv%2Fcolumn-post%2Fconan-finally-unleashes-masturbating-bear-video-13333&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111104170423/http://teamcoco.com/video/masturbating-bear-gets-new-job">"Conan: Masturbating Bear Gets a New Job"</a>. Tbs.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://teamcoco.com/video/masturbating-bear-gets-new-job">the original</a> on 4 November 2011. Retrieved 29 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tbs.com&rft.atitle=Conan%3A+Masturbating+Bear+Gets+a+New+Job&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fteamcoco.com%2Fvideo%2Fmasturbating-bear-gets-new-job&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerring2004" class="citation book cs1">Herring, Richard (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pImpYNhh4J0C">Talking Cock: A Celebration of Man and His Manhood</a>. Thunder's Mouth Press. p. 109. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56025-608-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56025-608-3"><bdi>978-1-56025-608-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Talking+Cock%3A+A+Celebration+of+Man+and+His+Manhood&rft.pages=109&rft.pub=Thunder%27s+Mouth+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-56025-608-3&rft.aulast=Herring&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpImpYNhh4J0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.complex.com/pop-culture/2015/06/all-of-the-embarassing-sex-moments-in-the-american-pie-movies-ranked/jims-dad-talks-about-the-torch">"All of the Embarrassing Sex Moments in the American Pie Movies, Ranked"</a>. Complex. Retrieved 3 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Complex&rft.atitle=All+of+the+Embarrassing+Sex+Moments+in+the+American+Pie+Movies%2C+Ranked&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.complex.com%2Fpop-culture%2F2015%2F06%2Fall-of-the-embarassing-sex-moments-in-the-american-pie-movies-ranked%2Fjims-dad-talks-about-the-torch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewis2002-188"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewis2002_188-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewis2002" class="citation book cs1">Lewis, Jon (September 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4OBepfVJOeEC&pg=PA196">Hollywood V. Hard Core: How the Struggle Over Censorship Created the Modern Film Industry</a>. NYU Press. p. 196. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-5143-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-5143-5"><bdi>978-0-8147-5143-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hollywood+V.+Hard+Core%3A+How+the+Struggle+Over+Censorship+Created+the+Modern+Film+Industry&rft.pages=196&rft.pub=NYU+Press&rft.date=2002-09&rft.isbn=978-0-8147-5143-5&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4OBepfVJOeEC%26pg%3DPA196&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Staiger1995-189"><a href="#cite_ref-Staiger1995_189-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaiger1995" class="citation book cs1">Staiger, Janet (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oiO7ybA9PMkC&pg=PA15">Bad Women: The Regulation of Female Sexuality in Early American Cinema</a>. University of Minnesota Press. p. 15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4529-0267-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4529-0267-8"><bdi>978-1-4529-0267-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bad+Women%3A+The+Regulation+of+Female+Sexuality+in+Early+American+Cinema&rft.pages=15&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-1-4529-0267-8&rft.aulast=Staiger&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoiO7ybA9PMkC%26pg%3DPA15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Waugh-190"><a href="#cite_ref-Waugh_190-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaugh1985" class="citation journal cs1">Waugh, Tom (March 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ejumpcut.org/archive/onlinessays/JC30folder/PornWaugh.html">"Men's pornography gay vs. straight"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jump_Cut_(journal)" title="Jump Cut (journal)">Jump Cut</a> (30): 30–35. Retrieved 12 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jump+Cut&rft.atitle=Men%27s+pornography+gay+vs.+straight&rft.issue=30&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E30-%3C%2Fspan%3E35&rft.date=1985-03&rft.aulast=Waugh&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ejumpcut.org%2Farchive%2Fonlinessays%2FJC30folder%2FPornWaugh.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://avnawards.avn.com/past/winners/2010">2010 Winners</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20131207095914/http://avnawards.avn.com/past/winners/2010">Archived</a> 7 December 2013 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a>", AVN Awards, URL accessed 25 November 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://business.avn.com/articles/video/AVN-Announces-the-2012-AVN-Award-Winners-461715.html">AVN – AVN Announces the 2012 AVN Award Winners</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120629195808/http://business.avn.com/articles/video/AVN-Announces-the-2012-AVN-Award-Winners-461715.html">Archived</a> 29 June 2012 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a>. Retrieved 9 April 2012. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeMartino1979" class="citation book cs1">DeMartino, Manfred F. (1979). Human Autoerotic Practices. New York: Human Sciences Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87705-373-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87705-373-6"><bdi>978-0-87705-373-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Human+Autoerotic+Practices&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Human+Sciences+Press&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-87705-373-6&rft.aulast=DeMartino&rft.aufirst=Manfred+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDodson1974" class="citation book cs1">Dodson, Betty (1974). Liberating Masturbation: A Meditation on Self Love. Bodysex Designs. <a href="/wiki/ASIN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ASIN (identifier)">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B001TNSX4C">B001TNSX4C</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Liberating+Masturbation%3A+A+Meditation+on+Self+Love&rft.pub=Bodysex+Designs&rft.date=1974&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2FB001TNSX4C%23id-name%3DASIN&rft.aulast=Dodson&rft.aufirst=Betty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFox2003" class="citation web cs1">Fox, Douglas (16 July 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn3942-masturbating-may-protect-against-prostate-cancer/">"Masturbating may protect against prostate cancer"</a>. New Scientist.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Scientist&rft.atitle=Masturbating+may+protect+against+prostate+cancer&rft.date=2003-07-16&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newscientist.com%2Farticle%2Fdn3942-masturbating-may-protect-against-prostate-cancer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerbenick2014" class="citation web cs1">Herbenick, Debby (24 November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetrentonline.com/guys-4-reasons-masturbation-good/">"Guys, 4 Reasons Why Masturbation Is Good For You"</a>. The Trent.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Trent&rft.atitle=Guys%2C+4+Reasons+Why+Masturbation+Is+Good+For+You&rft.date=2014-11-24&rft.aulast=Herbenick&rft.aufirst=Debby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetrentonline.com%2Fguys-4-reasons-masturbation-good%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHurlbertWhittaker1991" class="citation journal cs1">Hurlbert, David Farley; Whittaker, Karen Elizabeth (1991). "The Role of Masturbation in Marital and Sexual Satisfaction: A Comparative Study of Female Masturbators and Nonmasturbators". Journal of Sex Education & Therapy. 17 (4): 272–282. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F01614576.1991.11074029">10.1080/01614576.1991.11074029</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Sex+Education+%26+Therapy&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+Masturbation+in+Marital+and+Sexual+Satisfaction%3A+A+Comparative+Study+of+Female+Masturbators+and+Nonmasturbators&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E272-%3C%2Fspan%3E282&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F01614576.1991.11074029&rft.aulast=Hurlbert&rft.aufirst=David+Farley&rft.au=Whittaker%2C+Karen+Elizabeth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarcus1975" class="citation book cs1">Marcus, Irwin M. (1975). Masturbation: From Infancy to Senescence. New York: <a href="/wiki/International_Universities_Press" title="International Universities Press">International Universities Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8236-3150-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8236-3150-6"><bdi>978-0-8236-3150-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Masturbation%3A+From+Infancy+to+Senescence&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=International+Universities+Press&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-0-8236-3150-6&rft.aulast=Marcus&rft.aufirst=Irwin+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTheobald2018" class="citation book cs1">Theobald, Stephanie (2018). Sex Drive. London: Unbound Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78352-681-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78352-681-9"><bdi>978-1-78352-681-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sex+Drive&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Unbound+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-78352-681-9&rft.aulast=Theobald&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMesserWalker2012" class="citation book cs1">Messer, Drew C.; Walker, C. Eugene (6 December 2012) [2003]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200404005646/http://members.home.nl/icnl/messerandwalker.pdf">"Masturbation"</a> (PDF). In Ollendick, Thomas H.; Schroeder, Carolyn S. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Clinical Child and Pediatric Psychology. Boston, MA: Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 359–360. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4615-0107-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4615-0107-7"><bdi>978-1-4615-0107-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/913623298">913623298</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://members.home.nl/icnl/messerandwalker.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 4 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Masturbation&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Clinical+Child+and+Pediatric+Psychology&rft.place=Boston%2C+MA&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E359-%3C%2Fspan%3E360&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2012-12-06&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F913623298&rft.isbn=978-1-4615-0107-7&rft.aulast=Messer&rft.aufirst=Drew+C.&rft.au=Walker%2C+C.+Eugene&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmembers.home.nl%2Ficnl%2Fmesserandwalker.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasturbation" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/onanism" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:onanism">onanism</a> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dgKsMG27qAs">Masturbation PSA. Masturbation Is A Personal Choice</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a> (<a href="/wiki/University_of_Guelph" title="University of Guelph">University of Guelph</a> students enrolled in FRHD 4200 Issues in Human Sexuality created Public Service Announcement (PSA) on the health benefits of masturbation).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2dguohRrxzg">Masturbation PSA. Masturbation – There Is No Shame In Loving Yourself.Group 5.mov</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a> (University of Guelph students enrolled in FRHD 4200 Issues in Human Sexuality created Public Service Announcement (PSA) on the health benefits of masturbation).</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anal_masturbation" title="Anal masturbation">Anal masturbation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autocunnilingus" title="Autocunnilingus">Autocunnilingus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autofellatio" title="Autofellatio">Autofellatio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_electrostimulation" title="Erotic electrostimulation">Erotic electrostimulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fingering_(sexual_act)" title="Fingering (sexual act)">Fingering</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Male_masturbation">Jerking off/wanking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phone_sex" title="Phone sex">Phone sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostate_massage" title="Prostate massage">Prostate massage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teledildonics" title="Teledildonics">Teledildonics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_asphyxiation" title="Erotic asphyxiation">Erotic asphyxiation</a></li> 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machine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sybian" title="Sybian">Sybian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_2000" class="mw-redirect" title="Venus 2000">Venus 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vibrator_(sex_toy)" title="Vibrator (sex toy)">Vibrator</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_(sex_toy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sound (sex toy)">Sound</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Masturbate-a-thon" title="Masturbate-a-thon">Masturbate-a-thon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Masturbation_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="National Masturbation Day">National Masturbation Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wank_Week" title="Wank Week">Wank Week</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">History and status</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_masturbation" title="History of masturbation">History of masturbation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_revolution" title="Sexual revolution">Sexual revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_views_on_masturbation" title="Religious views on masturbation">Religious views</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masturbation_in_animals" class="mw-redirect" title="Masturbation in animals">Masturbation in non-human animals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">Masturbation educators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Dodson" title="Betty Dodson">Betty Dodson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joycelyn_Elders" title="Joycelyn Elders">Joycelyn Elders</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autoeroticism" title="Autoeroticism">Autoeroticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adult_video_arcade" class="mw-redirect" title="Adult video arcade">Adult video arcade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cum_shot" title="Cum shot">Cum shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_gro%C3%9Fe_Nacht_im_Eimer" title="Die große Nacht im Eimer">Die große Nacht im Eimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jugum_penis" title="Jugum penis">Jugum penis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nocturnal_emission" title="Nocturnal emission">Nocturnal emission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NoFap" title="NoFap">NoFap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-love" title="Self-love">Self-love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_magic" title="Sex magic">Sex magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_Butterfly" title="Venus Butterfly">Venus Butterfly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Masturbation" class="extiw" title="q:Masturbation">Wikiquote</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/masturbation" class="extiw" title="wikt:masturbation">Wiktionary</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Masturbation" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Masturbation">Wikimedia Commons</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Masturbation" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Masturbation">Wikisource</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Masturbation" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Masturbation">Wikinews</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Masturbation" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Masturbation">Wikiversity</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Masturbation" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Masturbation">Wikibooks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Birth_control_methods322" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Birth_control_methods" title="Template:Birth control methods"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Birth_control_methods" title="Template talk:Birth control methods"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Birth_control_methods" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Birth control methods"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Birth_control_methods322" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Birth_control" title="Birth control">Birth control</a> methods</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_birth_control_methods" title="Comparison of birth control methods">Comparison of birth control methods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Male_contraceptive" title="Male contraceptive">Male contraceptives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safe_sex" title="Safe sex">Preventing sexually-transmitted infections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birth_control#Approval" title="Birth control">Over-the-counter oral contraceptives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oral_contraceptive_formulations" class="mw-redirect" title="Oral contraceptive formulations">Oral contraceptive formulations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Long-acting_reversible_contraception" class="mw-redirect" title="Long-acting reversible contraception">Long-acting reversible contraception</a> (LARC)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intrauterine_device" title="Intrauterine device">Intrauterine device</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hormonal_IUD" class="mw-redirect" title="Hormonal IUD">Hormonal IUD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copper_IUD" title="Copper IUD">Copper IUD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contraceptive_implant" title="Contraceptive implant">Contraceptive implant</a> (<a href="/wiki/Etonogestrel_implant" title="Etonogestrel implant">Etonogestrel implant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Levonorgestrel_implant" class="mw-redirect" title="Levonorgestrel implant">Levonorgestrel implant</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sterilization_(medicine)" title="Sterilization (medicine)">Sterilization</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tubal_ligation" title="Tubal ligation">Tubal ligation</a> (female)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasectomy" title="Vasectomy">Vasectomy</a> (male)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hormonal_contraception" title="Hormonal contraception">Hormonal contraception</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hormonal_contraception#Combined" title="Hormonal contraception">Combined estrogen–progestogen</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Combined_oral_contraceptive_pill" title="Combined oral contraceptive pill">Oral pill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_cycle_combined_hormonal_contraceptive" title="Extended cycle combined hormonal contraceptive">Extended cycle Pill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contraceptive_patch" title="Contraceptive patch">Contraceptive patch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combined_injectable_contraceptive" class="mw-redirect" title="Combined injectable contraceptive">Monthly injections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethinylestradiol/etonogestrel" title="Ethinylestradiol/etonogestrel">Vaginal ring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Progestogen-only_contraception" title="Progestogen-only contraception">Progestogen-only</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Progestogen-only_injectable_contraceptive" title="Progestogen-only injectable contraceptive">Multi-month injections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progestogen-only_pill" title="Progestogen-only pill">Progestogen-only pill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progesterone_vaginal_ring" title="Progesterone vaginal ring">Vaginal ring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Selective_estrogen_receptor_modulator" title="Selective estrogen receptor modulator">SERMs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ormeloxifene" title="Ormeloxifene">Ormeloxifene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Barrier_contraception" class="mw-redirect" title="Barrier contraception">Barrier Methods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Condom" title="Condom">External condom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_condom" title="Female condom">Internal condom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cervical_cap" title="Cervical cap">Cervical cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diaphragm_(birth_control)" title="Diaphragm (birth control)">Diaphragm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contraceptive_sponge" title="Contraceptive sponge">Contraceptive sponge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Emergency_Contraception" class="mw-redirect" title="Emergency Contraception">Emergency Contraception</a> (Post-intercourse)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Copper_IUD#Emergency_contraception" title="Copper IUD">Copper IUD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulipristal_acetate" title="Ulipristal acetate">Ulipristal acetate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levonorgestrel#Emergency_birth_control" title="Levonorgestrel">Levonorgestrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mifepristone#Other" title="Mifepristone">Low-dose mifepristone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuzpe_regimen" title="Yuzpe regimen">Yuzpe regimen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spermicides" class="mw-redirect" title="Spermicides">Spermicides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lactic_acid/citric_acid/potassium_bitartrate" title="Lactic acid/citric acid/potassium bitartrate">Vaginal pH modulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonoxynol-9" title="Nonoxynol-9">Nonoxynol-9</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Behavioral</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Including <a href="/wiki/Penile-vaginal_intercourse" class="mw-redirect" title="Penile-vaginal intercourse">vaginal intercourse</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lactational_amenorrhea#Use_as_birth_control" title="Lactational amenorrhea">Breastfeeding method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar-based_contraceptive_methods" title="Calendar-based contraceptive methods">Calendar (rhythm) methods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fertility_awareness" title="Fertility awareness">Fertility awareness methods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coitus_interruptus" title="Coitus interruptus">Withdrawal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Avoiding <a href="/wiki/Penile-vaginal_intercourse" class="mw-redirect" title="Penile-vaginal intercourse">vaginal intercourse</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Non-penetrative_sex" title="Non-penetrative sex">Non-penetrative sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abstinence" title="Sexual abstinence">Abstinence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Experimental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Male_contraceptive#Research_into_new_methods" title="Male contraceptive">Male contraceptives in development</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Human_sexuality_and_sexology177" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Human_sexuality" title="Template:Human sexuality"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Human_sexuality" title="Template talk:Human sexuality"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Human_sexuality" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Human sexuality"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Human_sexuality_and_sexology177" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Human_sexuality" title="Human sexuality">Human sexuality</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sexology" title="Sexology">sexology</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Sexual_relationship" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual relationship">Sexual relationship</a> phenomena</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aromanticism" title="Aromanticism">Aromanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asexuality" title="Asexuality">Asexuality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gray_asexuality" title="Gray asexuality">Gray asexuality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demisexuality" title="Demisexuality">Demisexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictosexuality" title="Fictosexuality">Fictosexuality</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisexuality" title="Bisexuality">Bisexuality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pansexuality" title="Pansexuality">Pansexuality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casual_dating" title="Casual dating">Casual relationship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casual_sex" title="Casual sex">Casual sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celibacy" title="Celibacy">Celibacy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Love_shyness" class="mw-redirect" title="Love shyness">Love shyness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celibacy_syndrome" title="Celibacy syndrome">Celibacy syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbivore_men" title="Herbivore men">Herbivore men</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committed_relationship" title="Committed relationship">Committed relationship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conventional_sex" title="Conventional sex">Conventional sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flirting" title="Flirting">Flirting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_love" title="Free love">Free love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreplay" title="Foreplay">Foreplay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_with_benefits_relationships" class="mw-redirect" title="Friends with benefits relationships">Friends with benefits relationships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_sex" title="Group sex">Group sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heterosexuality" title="Heterosexuality">Heterosexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality" title="Homosexuality">Homosexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypersexuality" title="Hypersexuality">Hypersexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-night_stand" title="One-night stand">One-night stand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyamory" title="Polyamory">Polyamory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promiscuity" title="Promiscuity">Promiscuity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Female_promiscuity" title="Female promiscuity">Female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">Romantic love</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_orientation" title="Romantic orientation">Romantic orientation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queer_heterosexuality" title="Queer heterosexuality">Queer heterosexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_life" title="Sex life">Sex life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abstinence" title="Sexual abstinence">Sexual abstinence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_orientation" title="Sexual orientation">Sexual orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_partner" title="Sexual partner">Sexual partner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_repression" title="Sexual repression">Sexual repression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_person" title="Single person">Single person</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split_attraction_model" title="Split attraction model">Split attraction model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swinging_(sexual_practice)" title="Swinging (sexual practice)">Swinging</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Sexual dynamics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hypergamy" title="Hypergamy">Hypergamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_attractiveness" title="Physical attractiveness">Physical attractiveness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_attraction" title="Sexual attraction">Sexual attraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_capital" title="Sexual capital">Sexual capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_ethics" title="Sexual ethics">Sexual ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_frustration" title="Sexual frustration">Sexual frustration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociosexuality" title="Sociosexuality">Sociosexuality</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion-rights_movement" title="Abortion-rights movement">Abortion-rights movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolescent_sexuality" title="Adolescent sexuality">Adolescent sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent" title="Age of consent">Age of consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decriminalization_of_sex_work" title="Decriminalization of sex work">Decriminalization of sex work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogging_(sexual_slang)" title="Dogging (sexual slang)">Dogging (sexual slang)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_female_sexuality" title="Human female sexuality">Human female sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_male_sexuality" title="Human male sexuality">Human male sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_rights_by_country_or_territory" title="LGBTQ rights by country or territory">LGBTQ rights by country or territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porn_for_women" title="Porn for women">Porn for women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_sex" title="Public sex">Public sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reproductive_rights" title="Reproductive rights">Reproductive rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_privacy" title="Right to privacy">Right to privacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_sexuality" title="Right to sexuality">Right to sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_Addicts_Anonymous" title="Sex Addicts Anonymous">Sex Addicts Anonymous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_drugs" title="Sex and drugs">Sex and drugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_worker_movements" title="Sex worker movements">Sex worker movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_workers%27_rights" title="Sex workers' rights">Sex workers' rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexecology" title="Sexecology">Sexecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex-positive_feminism" title="Sex-positive feminism">Sex-positive feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex-positive_movement" title="Sex-positive movement">Sex-positive movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_addiction" title="Sexual addiction">Sexual addiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_and_reproductive_health_and_rights" title="Sexual and reproductive health and rights">Sexual and reproductive health and rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_jealousy" title="Sexual jealousy">Sexual jealousy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_norm" title="Sexual norm">Sexual norm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_revolution" title="Sexual revolution">Sexual revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_surrogate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual surrogate">Sexual surrogate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_and_disability" title="Sexuality and disability">Sexuality and disability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_v._Georgia" title="Stanley v. Georgia">Stanley v. Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_erotica" title="Women's erotica">Women's erotica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Human_physiology_of_sexual_reproduction385" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Human_reproductive_physiology" title="Template:Human reproductive physiology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Human_reproductive_physiology" title="Template talk:Human reproductive physiology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Human_reproductive_physiology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Human reproductive physiology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Human_physiology_of_sexual_reproduction385" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Human_body" title="Human body">Human physiology</a> of <a href="/wiki/Human_reproduction" title="Human reproduction">sexual reproduction</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Menstrual_cycle" title="Menstrual cycle">Menstrual cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Menarche" title="Menarche">Menarche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menstruation" title="Menstruation">Menstruation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Follicular_phase" title="Follicular phase">Follicular phase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovulation" title="Ovulation">Ovulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luteal_phase" title="Luteal phase">Luteal phase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gametogenesis" title="Gametogenesis">Gametogenesis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spermatogenesis" title="Spermatogenesis">Spermatogenesis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spermatogonium" title="Spermatogonium">spermatogonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermatocyte" title="Spermatocyte">spermatocyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermatid" title="Spermatid">spermatid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sperm" title="Sperm">sperm</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oogenesis" title="Oogenesis">Oogenesis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oogonium" title="Oogonium">oogonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oocyte" title="Oocyte">oocyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immature_ovum" title="Immature ovum">ootid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_cell" title="Egg cell">ovum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germ_cell" title="Germ cell">Germ cell</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gonocyte" title="Gonocyte">gonocyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamete" title="Gamete">gamete</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_sexual_activity" title="Human sexual activity">Human sexual activity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_arousal" title="Sexual arousal">Sexual arousal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">Sexual intercourse</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Masturbation</a></li> <li>Erection <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erection" title="Erection">Penile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clitoral_erection" title="Clitoral erection">Clitoral</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgasm" title="Orgasm">Orgasm</a></li> <li>Ejaculation <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ejaculation" title="Ejaculation">Male</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_ejaculation" title="Female ejaculation">Female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insemination" title="Insemination">Insemination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_fertilization" title="Human fertilization">Fertilization</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fertility" title="Fertility">Fertility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Implantation_(embryology)" title="Implantation (embryology)">Implantation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregnancy" title="Pregnancy">Pregnancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postpartum_period" title="Postpartum period">Postpartum period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechanics_of_human_sexuality" title="Mechanics of human sexuality">Mechanics of sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaginal_lubrication" title="Vaginal lubrication">Vaginal lubrication</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Development_of_the_reproductive_system" title="Development of the reproductive system">Development of the reproductive system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_differentiation_in_humans" title="Sexual differentiation in humans">Sexual differentiation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_dimorphism" title="Sexual dimorphism">Sexual dimorphism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminization_(biology)" title="Feminization (biology)">Feminization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virilization" title="Virilization">Virilization</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puberty" title="Puberty">Puberty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gonadarche" title="Gonadarche">Gonadarche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanner_scale" title="Tanner scale">Tanner scale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pubarche" title="Pubarche">Pubarche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menarche" title="Menarche">Menarche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermarche" title="Spermarche">Spermarche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrenarche" title="Adrenarche">Adrenarche</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_maternal_age" title="Advanced maternal age">Maternal age</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paternal_age_effect" title="Paternal age effect">Paternal age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menopause" title="Menopause">Menopause</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Egg" title="Egg">Egg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egg_cell" title="Egg cell">Ovum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viviparity" title="Viviparity">Vivipary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Reproductive_endocrinology_and_infertility" title="Reproductive endocrinology and infertility">Reproductive endocrinology and infertility</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hypothalamic%E2%80%93pituitary%E2%80%93gonadal_axis" title="Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis">Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypothalamic%E2%80%93pituitary%E2%80%93prolactin_axis" title="Hypothalamic–pituitary–prolactin axis">Hypothalamic–pituitary–prolactin axis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrology" title="Andrology">Andrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hormone" title="Hormone">Hormone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Breast" title="Breast">Breast</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thelarche" title="Thelarche">Thelarche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breast_development" title="Breast development">Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lactation" title="Lactation">Lactation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breastfeeding" title="Breastfeeding">Breastfeeding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_reproductive_system" title="Human reproductive system">Human reproductive system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Male_reproductive_system" title="Male reproductive system">Male</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_reproductive_system" title="Female reproductive system">Female</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diseases and disorders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anorgasmia" title="Anorgasmia">Anorgasmia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dysorgasmia" title="Dysorgasmia">Dysorgasmia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyspareunia" title="Dyspareunia">Dyspareunia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erectile_dysfunction" title="Erectile dysfunction">Erectile dysfunction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_flaccid_syndrome" title="Hard flaccid syndrome">Hard flaccid syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premature_ejaculation" title="Premature ejaculation">Premature ejaculation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaginismus" title="Vaginismus">Vaginismus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Outline_of_human_sexuality686" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sex" title="Template:Sex"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sex" title="Template talk:Sex"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sex" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sex"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Outline_of_human_sexuality686" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_human_sexuality" title="Outline of human sexuality">Outline</a> of <a href="/wiki/Human_sexuality" title="Human sexuality">human sexuality</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Physiology" title="Physiology">Physiology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Biology" title="Biology">biology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clitoral_erection" title="Clitoral erection">Clitoral erection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erogenous_zone" title="Erogenous zone">Erogenous zones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insemination" title="Insemination">Insemination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersex" title="Intersex">Intersex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libido" title="Libido">Libido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nocturnal_emission" title="Nocturnal emission">Nocturnal emission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgasm" title="Orgasm">Orgasm</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Female_ejaculation" title="Female ejaculation">Female</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ejaculation" title="Ejaculation">male ejaculation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelvic_thrust" title="Pelvic thrust">Pelvic thrust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erection" title="Erection">Penile erection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-ejaculate" title="Pre-ejaculate">Pre-ejaculate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregnancy" title="Pregnancy">Pregnancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_arousal" title="Sexual arousal">Sexual arousal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_sexual_response_cycle" title="Human sexual response cycle">Sexual response cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_stimulation" title="Sexual stimulation">Sexual stimulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaginal_lubrication" title="Vaginal lubrication">Vaginal lubrication</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sexual_and_reproductive_health" title="Sexual and reproductive health">Health</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sex_education" title="Sex education">education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birth_control" title="Birth control">Birth control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condom" title="Condom">Condom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Male_contraceptive" title="Male contraceptive">Male contraceptive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masters_and_Johnson" title="Masters and Johnson">Masters and Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obesity_and_sexuality" title="Obesity and sexuality">Obesity and sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reproductive_medicine" title="Reproductive medicine">Reproductive medicine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrology" title="Andrology">Andrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gynaecology" title="Gynaecology">Gynaecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urology" title="Urology">Urology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safe_sex" title="Safe sex">Safe sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_education" title="Sex education">Sex education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_therapy" title="Sex therapy">Sex therapy</a> (<a href="/wiki/PLISSIT_model" title="PLISSIT model">PLISSIT model</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexology" title="Sexology">Sexology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_dysfunction" title="Sexual dysfunction">Sexual dysfunction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erectile_dysfunction" title="Erectile dysfunction">Erectile dysfunction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypersexuality" title="Hypersexuality">Hypersexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypoactive_sexual_desire_disorder" title="Hypoactive sexual desire disorder">Hyposexuality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_medicine" title="Sexual medicine">Sexual medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_surrogate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual surrogate">Sexual surrogate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexually_transmitted_infection" title="Sexually transmitted infection">Sexually transmitted infection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Identity_(social_science)" title="Identity (social science)">Identity</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sexual_diversity" title="Sexual diversity">diversity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gender_binary" title="Gender binary">Gender binary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_identity" title="Gender identity">Gender identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men_who_have_sex_with_men" title="Men who have sex with men">Men who have sex with men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_identity" title="Sexual identity">Sexual identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_orientation" title="Sexual orientation">Sexual orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_who_have_sex_with_women" title="Women who have sex with women">Women who have sex with women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_the_law" title="Sex and the law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent" title="Age of consent">Age of consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_transmission_of_HIV" title="Criminal transmission of HIV">Criminal transmission of HIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_sexual_abuse" title="Child sexual abuse">Child sexual abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incest" title="Incest">Incest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indecent_exposure" title="Indecent exposure">Indecent exposure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obscenity" title="Obscenity">Obscenity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abuse" title="Sexual abuse">Sexual abuse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cybersex_trafficking" title="Cybersex trafficking">Cybersex trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking" title="Sex trafficking">Sex trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_assault" title="Sexual assault">Sexual assault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_harassment" title="Sexual harassment">Sexual harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_misconduct" title="Sexual misconduct">Sexual misconduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_slavery" title="Sexual slavery">Sexual slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_violence" title="Sexual violence">Sexual violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revenge_pornography" class="mw-redirect" title="Revenge pornography">Revenge pornography</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_human_sexuality" title="History of human sexuality">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Movie" title="Blue Movie">Blue Movie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">Counterculture of the 1960s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_sex_wars" title="Feminist sex wars">Feminist sex wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Porn" title="Golden Age of Porn">Golden Age of Porn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_erotic_depictions" title="History of erotic depictions">History of erotic depictions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_revolution" title="Sexual revolution">Sexual revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Intimate_relationship" title="Intimate relationship">Relationships</a> and <a href="/wiki/Society" title="Society">society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_issues_related_to_love_and_sex" title="Anarchism and issues related to love and sex">Anarchism and love/sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extramarital_sex" title="Extramarital sex">Extramarital sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_planning" title="Family planning">Family planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flirting" title="Flirting">Flirting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_love" title="Free love">Free love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modesty" title="Modesty">Modesty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgasm_gap" title="Orgasm gap">Orgasm gap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyamory" title="Polyamory">Polyamory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premarital_sex" title="Premarital sex">Premarital sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promiscuity" title="Promiscuity">Promiscuity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex-positive_movement" title="Sex-positive movement">Sex-positive movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abstinence" title="Sexual abstinence">Sexual abstinence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_addiction" title="Sexual addiction">Sexual addiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_attraction" title="Sexual attraction">Sexual attraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_capital" title="Sexual capital">Sexual capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_ethics" title="Sexual ethics">Sexual ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_objectification" title="Sexual objectification">Sexual objectification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_repression" title="Sexual repression">Sexual repression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_slang" title="Sexual slang">Sexual slang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split_attraction_model" title="Split attraction model">Split attraction model</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sexuality_by_country" title="Category:Sexuality by country">By country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_ancient_Rome" title="Sexuality in ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_China" title="Sexuality in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_India" title="Sexuality in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_Japan" title="Sexuality in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_the_Philippines" title="Sexuality in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_South_Korea" title="Sexuality in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_the_United_States" title="Sexuality in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_sexual_activity" title="Human sexual activity">Sexual activities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conventional_sex" title="Conventional sex">Conventional sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anal_sex" title="Anal sex">Anal sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bareback_(sexual_act)" title="Bareback (sexual act)">Bareback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BDSM" title="BDSM">BDSM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_sexuality" title="Child sexuality">Child sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creampie_(sexual_act)" title="Creampie (sexual act)">Creampie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edging_(sexual_practice)" title="Edging (sexual practice)">Edging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_sexual_denial" title="Erotic sexual denial">Erotic sexual denial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facial_(sexual_act)" title="Facial (sexual act)">Facial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_fetishism" title="Sexual fetishism">Fetishism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisting" title="Fisting">Fisting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foot_fetishism" title="Foot fetishism">Foot fetishism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Footjob" title="Footjob">Footjob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced_orgasm" title="Forced orgasm">Forced orgasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frot" title="Frot">Frot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gang_bang" title="Gang bang">Gang bang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_sex" title="Group sex">Group sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mammary_intercourse" title="Mammary intercourse">Mammary intercourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-penetrative_sex#Manual_sex" title="Non-penetrative sex">Manual sex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fingering_(sexual_act)#Anus" title="Fingering (sexual act)">Anal fingering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fingering_(sexual_act)" title="Fingering (sexual 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title="Pompoir">Pompoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quickie_(sex)" class="mw-redirect" title="Quickie (sex)">Quickie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexercise" title="Sexercise">Sexercise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_in_space" title="Sex in space">Sex in space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_position" title="Sex position">Sex positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_fantasy" title="Sexual fantasy">Sexual fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_fetishism" title="Sexual fetishism">Sexual fetishism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">Sexual intercourse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreplay" title="Foreplay">Foreplay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_penetration" title="Sexual penetration">Sexual penetration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumata" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumata">Sumata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swinging_(sexual_practice)" title="Swinging (sexual practice)">Swinging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribadism" title="Tribadism">Tribadism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urethral_intercourse" title="Urethral intercourse">Urethral intercourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urolagnia" title="Urolagnia">Urolagnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_sex" title="Virtual sex">Virtual sex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cybersex" title="Cybersex">Cybersex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_talk" title="Erotic talk">Erotic talk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wet_T-shirt_contest" title="Wet T-shirt contest">Wet T-shirt contest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sex_industry" title="Sex industry">Sex industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_nudity_in_video_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex and nudity in video games">Adult video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotica" title="Erotica">Erotica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornography" title="Pornography">Pornography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film_actor" title="Pornographic film actor">Film actor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution">Prostitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_prostitution" title="Sacred prostitution">Sacred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival_sex" title="Survival sex">Survival sex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-light_district" title="Red-light district">Red-light district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sex_museums" title="List of sex museums">Sex museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_shop" title="Sex shop">Sex shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_tourism" title="Sex tourism">Sex tourism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Child_sex_tourism" title="Child sex tourism">Child</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_sex_tourism" title="Female sex tourism">Female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_worker" title="Sex worker">Sex worker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_toy" title="Sex toy">Sex toy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sex_doll" title="Sex doll">Doll</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strip_club" title="Strip club">Strip club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webcam_model" title="Webcam model">Webcam model</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_sexuality" title="Religion and sexuality">Religion and sexuality</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_sexuality" title="Buddhism and sexuality">Buddhism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_sexuality" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism and sexuality">Hinduism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tantric_sex" title="Tantric sex">Tantric sex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_Christian_demonology" title="Sexuality in Christian demonology">Christian demonology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerical_celibacy" title="Clerical celibacy">Clerical celibacy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_monasticism" title="Buddhist monasticism">Buddhist monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerical_celibacy_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Clerical celibacy in the Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matha" title="Matha">Hindu monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_monasticism" title="Jain monasticism">Jain monasticism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taoist_sexual_practices" title="Taoist sexual practices">Daoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_sexual_jurisprudence" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic sexual jurisprudence">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaism_and_sexuality" title="Judaism and sexuality">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_LGBT_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion and LGBT people">LGBT people</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT-affirming_religious_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT-affirming 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1,\n [\"CITEREFDöringPöschl2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDörnerPlogTellerWendt2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDörnerPlogTellerWendt2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEaton-Robb,_Pat2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEl_AtatSfaxiBenslamaAmine2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFitkinHo1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFox2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGebhard2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGeorge_R._Brown,_MD2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGerressuMercerGrahamWellings2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGilesSeveriEnglishMcCredie2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGiorgiSiccardi1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGraberBaloghFitzpatrickHendricks1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrimston2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHallikeriGoudaAramaniVijaykumar2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHansenBalslev2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHeibyBecker1980\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHeilbornCabral2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHerbenick2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHerring2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHewlettHewlett\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHurlbertWhittaker1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJacobyYoungsonMarshall_Cavendish_Corporation2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJames1997\"] = 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1,\n [\"CITEREFMenonMcAllister-WilliamsWatson2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMesserWalker2012\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFMiller2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMittererCoonMartini2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMoonKimChungJo2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMyers2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNikkhah2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOHasan\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOffice_of_Health_Education\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOzmenErdoganDuvenciOzyurt2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPatton1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPlanned_Parenthood_Federation_of_America2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPoiani2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPorterKaplan2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRedmon2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRiderWilsonSinnottKelly2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRobinson2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRobson2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRosenfeld2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRosenthal2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRulloLorenzZiegelmannMeihofer2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSaleh2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSantucci2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSaputraKlopingRenaldoHakim2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchoberMeyer-BahlburgDolezal2009\"] = 1,\n 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