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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Gaston_Bussi%C3%A8re_-_La_charge_des_%C3%A9l%C3%A9phants_%28cropped%29.jpg/129px-Gaston_Bussi%C3%A8re_-_La_charge_des_%C3%A9l%C3%A9phants_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="129" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Gaston_Bussi%C3%A8re_-_La_charge_des_%C3%A9l%C3%A9phants_%28cropped%29.jpg/194px-Gaston_Bussi%C3%A8re_-_La_charge_des_%C3%A9l%C3%A9phants_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Gaston_Bussi%C3%A8re_-_La_charge_des_%C3%A9l%C3%A9phants_%28cropped%29.jpg/258px-Gaston_Bussi%C3%A8re_-_La_charge_des_%C3%A9l%C3%A9phants_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1921" data-file-height="2262" /></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="padding: 0.25em 0; word-wrap: break-word;">Carthaginian war elephants, depicted by <a href="/wiki/Gaston_Bussi%C3%A8re" title="Gaston Bussière">Bussière</a></div></div> </div> <p>The <b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bagradas_River_(240_BC)" title="Battle of the Bagradas River (240 BC)">Battle of the Bagradas River</a></b> was fought in 240&#160;BC, in present-day north-east Tunisia, between a <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Carthage" title="Ancient Carthage">Carthaginian</a> army led by <a href="/wiki/Hamilcar_Barca" title="Hamilcar Barca">Hamilcar Barca</a> and a rebel force led by <a href="/wiki/Spendius" title="Spendius">Spendius</a>. Carthage was fighting a coalition of <a href="/wiki/Mutiny" title="Mutiny">mutinous</a> soldiers and rebellious African cities in the <a href="/wiki/Mercenary_War" title="Mercenary War">Mercenary War</a>, which had started late the previous year in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/First_Punic_War" title="First Punic War">First Punic War</a>. Hamilcar left Carthage and evaded a rebel blockade by crossing the Bagradas River (the modern <a href="/wiki/Medjerda_River" title="Medjerda River">Medjerda River</a>) at its mouth. Two rebel armies marched towards the Carthaginians. When they came into sight Hamilcar ordered a <a href="/wiki/Feigned_retreat" title="Feigned retreat">feigned retreat</a>. The rebels broke ranks to chase the Carthaginians and this impetuous pursuit caused them to fall into disorder. Once the rebels had closed, the Carthaginians turned and charged them. The rebels broke and were <a href="/wiki/Rout" title="Rout">routed</a>. The Carthaginians pursued, killing or capturing many of the rebels and taking a bridge over the Bagradas. This victory gave Hamilcar freedom to manoeuvre and the operational initiative. <i>(<b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bagradas_River_(240_BC)" title="Battle of the Bagradas River (240 BC)">This&#160;article</a></b> is part of a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_topics" title="Wikipedia:Featured topics">featured topic</a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_topics/Mercenary_War" title="Wikipedia:Featured topics/Mercenary War">Mercenary War</a></b>.)</i> </p> <div class="tfa-recent" style="text-align: right;"> Recently featured: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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Today&#39;s featured article">About</a></b></li></ul> </div></div> <h2 id="mp-dyk-h2" class="mp-h2">Did you know&#160;...</h2> <div id="mp-dyk" class="mp-contains-float"> <div class="dyk-img" style="float: right; margin-left: 0.5em;"> <div class="thumbinner mp-thumb" style="background: transparent; color: inherit; border: none; padding: 0; max-width: 121px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pablo_Busch._Unknown_author._c._1937%E2%80%931939._La_Paz.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Pablo Busch"><img alt="Pablo Busch" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Pablo_Busch._Unknown_author._c._1937%E2%80%931939._La_Paz.png/121px-Pablo_Busch._Unknown_author._c._1937%E2%80%931939._La_Paz.png" decoding="async" width="121" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Pablo_Busch._Unknown_author._c._1937%E2%80%931939._La_Paz.png/182px-Pablo_Busch._Unknown_author._c._1937%E2%80%931939._La_Paz.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Pablo_Busch._Unknown_author._c._1937%E2%80%931939._La_Paz.png/242px-Pablo_Busch._Unknown_author._c._1937%E2%80%931939._La_Paz.png 2x" data-file-width="1721" data-file-height="2286" /></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="padding: 0.25em 0; word-wrap: break-word;">Pablo Busch</div></div> </div> <ul><li>... that a bandit spared the life of physician <b><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Busch" title="Pablo Busch">Pablo Busch</a></b> <i>(pictured)</i> because "he treated the poor for free"?</li> <li>... that a skull of the distant horse relative <i><b><a href="/wiki/Palaeotherium" title="Palaeotherium">Palaeotherium</a></b></i> was first misidentified as an amphibian, then as a canine?</li> <li>... that <b><a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Mollyn" title="Nikolaus Mollyn">Nikolaus Mollyn</a></b> was the first book printer in <a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a>, and the first to print a book in <a href="/wiki/Latvian_language" title="Latvian language">Latvian</a> within the present-day territory of Latvia?</li> <li>... that in addition to millions murdered, <b><a href="/wiki/Nazi_crimes_against_children" title="Nazi crimes against children">Nazi crimes against children</a></b> included <a href="/wiki/Compulsory_sterilization#Germany" title="Compulsory sterilization">compulsory sterilization</a>, forced labor, forced institutionalization, medical experiments and <a href="/wiki/Kidnapping_of_children_by_Nazi_Germany" title="Kidnapping of children by Nazi Germany">Germanisation</a>?</li> <li>... that Chivas USA had <b><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chivas_USA_managers" title="List of Chivas USA managers">eleven different managers over ten seasons</a></b>?</li> <li>... that literary critic <b><a href="/wiki/Qian_Xingcun" title="Qian Xingcun">Qian Xingcun</a></b> brought several Communist writers into the Shanghai film industry?</li> <li>... that the clergy of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Saint_Paul_and_Minneapolis" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis">Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis</a> were upset about the sale of <b><a href="/wiki/Nazareth_Hall_Preparatory_Seminary" title="Nazareth Hall Preparatory Seminary">Nazareth Hall Preparatory Seminary</a></b> after its closure?</li> <li>... that <a href="/wiki/Femke_Bol" title="Femke Bol">Femke Bol</a> successfully defended her 2021 title by winning the <b><a href="/wiki/2023_European_Athletics_Indoor_Championships_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_400_metres" title="2023 European Athletics Indoor Championships – Women&#39;s 400 metres">women's 400 metres at the 2023 European Athletics Indoor Championships</a></b>?</li> <li>... that <b><a href="/wiki/Louis_Abramson" title="Louis Abramson">Louis Abramson</a></b> worked on the renovation of a building that he designed 57 years earlier?</li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist dyk-footer noprint" style="margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: right;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Recent_additions" title="Wikipedia:Recent additions">Archive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Help:Your_first_article" title="Help:Your first article">Start a new article</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Did_you_know" title="Template talk:Did you know">Nominate an article</a></b></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mp-right" class="MainPageBG mp-box"> <h2 id="mp-itn-h2" class="mp-h2">In the news</h2> <div id="mp-itn" class="mp-contains-float"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1053378754">.mw-parser-output .itn-img{float:right;margin-left:0.5em;margin-top:0.2em}</style><div role="figure" class="itn-img"> <div class="thumbinner mp-thumb" style="background: transparent; color: inherit; border: none; padding: 0; max-width: 171px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:20241214_ROK_NA_Speaker_Woo_Won_Shik_signing_the_resolution_to_impeach_President_Yoon_Suk_Yeol_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Woo Won-shik, the speaker of the South Korean National Assembly, signing the impeachment resolution"><img alt="Woo Won-shik, the speaker of the South Korean National Assembly, signing the impeachment resolution" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/20241214_ROK_NA_Speaker_Woo_Won_Shik_signing_the_resolution_to_impeach_President_Yoon_Suk_Yeol_02.jpg/171px-20241214_ROK_NA_Speaker_Woo_Won_Shik_signing_the_resolution_to_impeach_President_Yoon_Suk_Yeol_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="171" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/20241214_ROK_NA_Speaker_Woo_Won_Shik_signing_the_resolution_to_impeach_President_Yoon_Suk_Yeol_02.jpg/257px-20241214_ROK_NA_Speaker_Woo_Won_Shik_signing_the_resolution_to_impeach_President_Yoon_Suk_Yeol_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/20241214_ROK_NA_Speaker_Woo_Won_Shik_signing_the_resolution_to_impeach_President_Yoon_Suk_Yeol_02.jpg/342px-20241214_ROK_NA_Speaker_Woo_Won_Shik_signing_the_resolution_to_impeach_President_Yoon_Suk_Yeol_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="854" /></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="padding: 0.25em 0; word-wrap: break-word; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Woo_Won-shik" title="Woo Won-shik">Woo Won-shik</a>, the speaker of the South Korean National Assembly, signing the impeachment resolution</div></div> </div> <ul><li>In France, Dominique Pelicot and 50 other men are convicted of <b><a href="/wiki/Mazan_rapes" title="Mazan rapes">the mass rape</a></b> of his ex-wife Gisèle Pelicot.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2024_Port_Vila_earthquake" title="2024 Port Vila earthquake">A 7.3-magnitude earthquake</a></b> hits Vanuatu's capital, <a href="/wiki/Port_Vila" title="Port Vila">Port Vila</a>, leaving at least 16 people dead.</li> <li>President of South Korea <a href="/wiki/Yoon_Suk_Yeol" title="Yoon Suk Yeol">Yoon Suk Yeol</a> is <b><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Yoon_Suk_Yeol" title="Impeachment of Yoon Suk Yeol">impeached</a></b> <i>(signing pictured)</i> following <a href="/wiki/2024_South_Korean_martial_law_crisis" title="2024 South Korean martial law crisis">his declaration of martial law</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Astro_Bot" title="Astro Bot">Astro Bot</a></i> wins <a href="/wiki/The_Game_Award_for_Game_of_the_Year" title="The Game Award for Game of the Year">Game of the Year</a> at <b><a href="/wiki/The_Game_Awards_2024" title="The Game Awards 2024">the Game Awards</a></b>.</li></ul> <div class="itn-footer" style="margin-top: 0.5em;"> <div><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Portal:Current events">Ongoing</a></b>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Israel–Hamas war">Israel–Hamas war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Israeli_invasion_of_Lebanon" title="2024 Israeli invasion of Lebanon">Israeli invasion of Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_August_2024_%E2%80%93_present)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 August 2024 – present)">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_civil_war_(2023%E2%80%93present)" title="Sudanese civil war (2023–present)">Sudanese civil war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Sudanese_civil_war_(2024)" title="Timeline of the Sudanese civil war (2024)">timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div> <div><b><a href="/wiki/Deaths_in_2024" title="Deaths in 2024">Recent deaths</a></b>&#58; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macoto_Takahashi" title="Macoto Takahashi">Macoto Takahashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papia_Sarwar" title="Papia Sarwar">Papia Sarwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Becker_(director,_born_1954)" title="Wolfgang Becker (director, born 1954)">Wolfgang Becker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Cornish" title="Hugh Cornish">Hugh Cornish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Kirillov_(general)" title="Igor Kirillov (general)">Igor Kirillov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalil_Haqqani" title="Khalil Haqqani">Khalil Haqqani</a></li></ul></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist itn-footer noprint" style="text-align:right;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:In_the_news/Candidates" title="Wikipedia:In the news/Candidates">Nominate an article</a></b></li></ul> </div></div> <h2 id="mp-otd-h2" class="mp-h2">On this day</h2> <div id="mp-otd" class="mp-contains-float"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/December_20" title="December 20">December 20</a></b> </p> <div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em;" id="mp-otd-img"> <div class="thumbinner mp-thumb" style="background: transparent; color: inherit; border: none; padding: 0; max-width: 172px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BTR-80_and_Bradley.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Russian and U.S. Implementation Force troops"><img alt="Russian and U.S. Implementation Force troops" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/BTR-80_and_Bradley.jpg/172px-BTR-80_and_Bradley.jpg" decoding="async" width="172" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/BTR-80_and_Bradley.jpg/258px-BTR-80_and_Bradley.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/BTR-80_and_Bradley.jpg/344px-BTR-80_and_Bradley.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1524" data-file-height="1012" /></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="padding: 0.25em 0; word-wrap: break-word;">Russian and U.S. Implementation Force troops</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1852" title="1852">1852</a> – Led by <b><a href="/wiki/George_Cathcart" title="George Cathcart">George Cathcart</a></b>, British troops defeated <a href="/wiki/Sotho_people" title="Sotho people">Basuto</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taung" title="Taung">Taung</a> forces at the <b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Berea" title="Battle of Berea">Battle of Berea</a></b> in present-day Lesotho, leading to an offer of peace from <a href="/wiki/Moshoeshoe_I" title="Moshoeshoe I">King Moshoeshoe&#160;I</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a> – The superhero <b><a href="/wiki/Captain_America" title="Captain America">Captain America</a></b> made his first published appearance in the comic book <i><a href="/wiki/Captain_America_Comics" title="Captain America Comics">Captain America Comics</a></i>&#160;#1.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980" title="1980">1980</a> – <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> aired the <a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">American football</a> match between the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Jets" title="New York Jets">New York Jets</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Miami_Dolphins" title="Miami Dolphins">Miami Dolphins</a> <b><a href="/wiki/Announcerless_game" title="Announcerless game">without announcers</a></b>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995" title="1995">1995</a> – Mandated by the <a href="/wiki/Dayton_Agreement" title="Dayton Agreement">Dayton Agreement</a> that ended the <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_War" title="Bosnian War">Bosnian War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>-led <b><a href="/wiki/Implementation_Force" title="Implementation Force">Implementation Force</a></b> <i>(troops pictured)</i> began peacekeeping operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a> – Portugal <a href="/wiki/Handover_of_Macau" title="Handover of Macau">transferred the sovereignty</a> over <b><a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a></b>, which it had administered since the mid–16th century, to China.</li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist" style="margin-top: 0.5em;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ambroise_Par%C3%A9" title="Ambroise Paré">Ambroise Paré</a></b> (<abbr title="died">d.</abbr>&#160;1590)</li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Jean_Jannon" title="Jean Jannon">Jean Jannon</a></b> (<abbr title="died">d.</abbr>&#160;1658)</li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Bill_O%27Reilly_(cricketer)" title="Bill O&#39;Reilly (cricketer)">Bill O'Reilly</a></b> (<abbr title="born">b.</abbr>&#160;1905)</li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Keka%CA%BBaniau" title="Elizabeth Kekaʻaniau">Elizabeth Kekaʻaniau</a></b> (<abbr title="died">d.</abbr>&#160;1928)</li></ul></div> <div style="margin-top:0.5em;"> More anniversaries: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/December_19" title="December 19">December 19</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/December_20" title="December 20">December 20</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_21" title="December 21">December 21</a></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist otd-footer noprint" style="text-align:right;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Selected_anniversaries/December" title="Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/December">Archive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/daily-article-l.lists.wikimedia.org/" class="extiw" title="mail:daily-article-l">By email</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_days_of_the_year" title="List of days of the year">List of days of the year</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Selected_anniversaries" title="Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries">About</a></b></li></ul> </div></div> </div> </div> <div id="mp-middle" class="MainPageBG mp-box"> <h2 id="mp-tfl-h2" class="mp-h2">From today's featured list</h2> <div id="mp-tfl" class="mp-contains-float"><div id="mp-tfl-img" style="float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.4em 0.9em;"><div class="thumbinner mp-thumb" style="background: transparent; color: inherit; border: none; padding: 0; max-width: 172px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Talking_Heads_band1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Talking Heads"><img alt="Talking Heads" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Talking_Heads_band1.jpg/172px-Talking_Heads_band1.jpg" decoding="async" width="172" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Talking_Heads_band1.jpg/258px-Talking_Heads_band1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Talking_Heads_band1.jpg/344px-Talking_Heads_band1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="402" data-file-height="266" /></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="padding: 0.25em 0; word-wrap: break-word;">Talking Heads</div></div> </div> <p>The American <a href="/wiki/New_wave_music" title="New wave music">new wave</a> band <a href="/wiki/Talking_Heads" title="Talking Heads">Talking Heads</a> <b><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_Talking_Heads" title="List of songs recorded by Talking Heads">recorded 96 songs between 1975 and 1991</a></b>, twelve of which were not officially released until after their break-up. After leaving <a href="/wiki/Art_school" title="Art school">art school</a>, Talking Heads released their debut single, "<a href="/wiki/Love_%E2%86%92_Building_on_Fire" title="Love → Building on Fire">Love → Building on Fire</a>", in early 1977, followed by their debut album, <i><a href="/wiki/Talking_Heads:_77" title="Talking Heads: 77">Talking Heads: 77</a></i>, later that year. While initially not a big hit, the album was aided by the single "<a href="/wiki/Psycho_Killer" title="Psycho Killer">Psycho Killer</a>". In 1983, the band parted ways with producer <a href="/wiki/Brian_Eno" title="Brian Eno">Brian Eno</a> and released their fifth album, <i><a href="/wiki/Speaking_in_Tongues_(Talking_Heads_album)" title="Speaking in Tongues (Talking Heads album)">Speaking in Tongues</a></i>. The album contained the band's first and only top ten hit, "<a href="/wiki/Burning_Down_the_House" title="Burning Down the House">Burning Down the House</a>". After <i><a href="/wiki/Little_Creatures" title="Little Creatures">Little Creatures</a></i> (1985), the band released <i><a href="/wiki/True_Stories_(Talking_Heads_album)" title="True Stories (Talking Heads album)">True Stories</a></i> (1986). Notable songs from the album include one of the group's biggest hits, "<a href="/wiki/Wild_Wild_Life" title="Wild Wild Life">Wild Wild Life</a>", and "Radio Head", a song from which the English rock band <a href="/wiki/Radiohead" title="Radiohead">Radiohead</a> took their name. (<b><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_Talking_Heads" title="List of songs recorded by Talking Heads">Full&#160;list...</a></b>) </p> <div class="tfl-recent" style="text-align: right;"> Recently featured: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_British_Columbia" title="List of cities in British Columbia">Cities in British Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accolades_received_by_Star_Wars:_The_Force_Awakens" title="List of accolades received by Star Wars: The Force Awakens">Accolades received by <i>Star Wars: The Force Awakens</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock-climbing_equipment" title="Rock-climbing equipment">Rock-climbing equipment</a></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist tfl-footer noprint" style="text-align:right;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Today%27s_featured_list/December_2024" title="Wikipedia:Today&#39;s featured list/December 2024">Archive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_lists" title="Wikipedia:Featured lists">More featured lists</a></b></li></ul> </div></div> </div> <div id="mp-lower" class="MainPageBG mp-box"> <h2 id="mp-tfp-h2" class="mp-h2">Today's featured picture</h2> <div id="mp-tfp"> <table role="presentation" style="margin:0 3px 3px; width:100%; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:0 0.9em 0 0; width:350px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Louise_Elisabeth_Vig%C3%A9e-Lebrun_-_Marie-Antoinette_de_Lorraine-Habsbourg,_reine_de_France_et_ses_enfants_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Marie Antoinette and Her Children"><img alt="Marie Antoinette and Her Children" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Louise_Elisabeth_Vig%C3%A9e-Lebrun_-_Marie-Antoinette_de_Lorraine-Habsbourg%2C_reine_de_France_et_ses_enfants_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/350px-Louise_Elisabeth_Vig%C3%A9e-Lebrun_-_Marie-Antoinette_de_Lorraine-Habsbourg%2C_reine_de_France_et_ses_enfants_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="448" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Louise_Elisabeth_Vig%C3%A9e-Lebrun_-_Marie-Antoinette_de_Lorraine-Habsbourg%2C_reine_de_France_et_ses_enfants_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/525px-Louise_Elisabeth_Vig%C3%A9e-Lebrun_-_Marie-Antoinette_de_Lorraine-Habsbourg%2C_reine_de_France_et_ses_enfants_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Louise_Elisabeth_Vig%C3%A9e-Lebrun_-_Marie-Antoinette_de_Lorraine-Habsbourg%2C_reine_de_France_et_ses_enfants_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/700px-Louise_Elisabeth_Vig%C3%A9e-Lebrun_-_Marie-Antoinette_de_Lorraine-Habsbourg%2C_reine_de_France_et_ses_enfants_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="23427" data-file-height="30000" /></a></span> </td> <td style="padding:0 6px 0 0"> <p><i><b><a href="/wiki/Marie_Antoinette_and_Her_Children" title="Marie Antoinette and Her Children">Marie Antoinette and Her Children</a></b></i> is an <a href="/wiki/Oil_painting" title="Oil painting">oil-on-canvas painting</a> by the French artist <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lisabeth_Vig%C3%A9e_Le_Brun" title="Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun">Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun</a>, painted in 1787. It shows <a href="/wiki/Marie_Antoinette" title="Marie Antoinette">Marie Antoinette</a>, the consort of <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI" title="Louis XVI">King Louis&#160;XVI of France</a>, wearing a red velvet gown with a sable lining. Her younger son, the future <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVII" title="Louis XVII">Louis&#160;XVII</a>, sits on her lap, while her daughter <a href="/wiki/Marie_Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_of_France" title="Marie Thérèse of France">Marie-Thérèse</a> leans on her arm. Marie Antoinette's elder son, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Joseph,_Dauphin_of_France" title="Louis Joseph, Dauphin of France">Louis Joseph</a>, at that time <a href="/wiki/Dauphin_of_France" title="Dauphin of France">Dauphin of France</a>, is near an empty cradle intended for her younger daughter Sophie, who died before the painting's completion. The work was commissioned by Louis&#160;XVI in an effort to improve the public perception of Marie Antoinette, after her reputation was tarnished by the <a href="/wiki/Affair_of_the_Diamond_Necklace" title="Affair of the Diamond Necklace">Affair of the Diamond Necklace</a>, by focusing on her role as a queen and a mother; she is depicted with little jewellery. The painting was first shown at the <a href="/wiki/Salon_(Paris)" title="Salon (Paris)">Salon</a> in Paris, to mixed reactions, and is now displayed at the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles" title="Palace of Versailles">Palace of Versailles</a>. </p> <p style="text-align:left;"><small>Painting credit: <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lisabeth_Vig%C3%A9e_Le_Brun" title="Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun">Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun</a></small></p> <div class="potd-recent" style="text-align:right;"> Recently featured: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:POTD/2024-12-19" title="Template:POTD/2024-12-19">Papaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:POTD/2024-12-18" title="Template:POTD/2024-12-18">2023–2024 Sundhnúkur eruptions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:POTD/2024-12-17" title="Template:POTD/2024-12-17">Mauritius fody</a></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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.wikipedia-languages-prettybars{width:100%;height:1px;margin:0.5em 0;background-color:#c8ccd1;flex-shrink:1;align-self:center}.mw-parser-output .wikipedia-languages-count{padding:0 1em;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="wikipedia-languages nourlexpansion"> <p>This Wikipedia is written in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>. Many <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias" class="extiw" title="meta:List of Wikipedias">other Wikipedias are available</a>; some of the largest are listed below. </p> <ul class="plainlinks"> <li> <div class="wikipedia-languages-count-container"> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> <div role="heading" aria-level="3" class="wikipedia-languages-count">1,000,000+ articles</div> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist wikipedia-languages-langs inline"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Arabic (ar:)" lang="ar">العربية</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="German (de:)" lang="de">Deutsch</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Spanish (es:)" lang="es">Español</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Persian (fa:)" lang="fa">فارسی</span></a>&#8206;</li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="French (fr:)" lang="fr">Français</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Italian (it:)" lang="it">Italiano</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Dutch (nl:)" lang="nl">Nederlands</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Japanese (ja:)" lang="ja">日本語</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Polish (pl:)" lang="pl">Polski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Portuguese (pt:)" lang="pt">Português</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Russian (ru:)" lang="ru">Русский</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Swedish (sv:)" lang="sv">Svenska</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Ukrainian (uk:)" lang="uk">Українська</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Vietnamese (vi:)" lang="vi">Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Chinese (zh:)" lang="zh">中文</span></a></li></ul> </div> </li> <li> <div class="wikipedia-languages-count-container"> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> <div role="heading" aria-level="3" class="wikipedia-languages-count">250,000+ articles</div> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist wikipedia-languages-langs inline"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Indonesian (id:)" lang="id">Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Malay (ms:)" lang="ms">Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Minnan (nan:)" lang="nan">閩南語</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Bulgarian (bg:)" lang="bg">Български</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Catalan (ca:)" lang="ca">Català</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Czech (cs:)" lang="cs">Čeština</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Danish (da:)" lang="da">Dansk</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Esperanto (eo:)" lang="eo">Esperanto</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Basque (eu:)" lang="eu">Euskara</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Hebrew (he:)" lang="he">עברית</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Armenian (hy:)" lang="hy">Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Korean (ko:)" lang="ko">한국어</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Hungarian (hu:)" lang="hu">Magyar</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Norwegian (no:)" lang="no">Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Romanian (ro:)" lang="ro">Română</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Simple English (simple:)" lang="en">Simple English</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Slovak (sk:)" lang="sk">Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Serbian (sr:)" lang="sr">Srpski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Serbo-Croatian (sh:)" lang="sh">Srpskohrvatski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Finnish (fi:)" lang="fi">Suomi</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Turkish (tr:)" lang="tr">Türkçe</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Uzbek (uz:)" lang="uz">Oʻzbekcha</span></a></li></ul> </div> </li> <li> <div class="wikipedia-languages-count-container"> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> <div role="heading" aria-level="3" class="wikipedia-languages-count">50,000+ articles</div> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist wikipedia-languages-langs inline"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Asturian (ast:)" lang="ast">Asturianu</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Azerbaijani (az:)" lang="az">Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Bangla (bn:)" lang="bn">বাংলা</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Bosnian (bs:)" lang="bs">Bosanski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Central Kurdish (ckb:)" lang="ckb">کوردی</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Estonian (et:)" lang="et">Eesti</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Greek (el:)" lang="el">Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Western Frisian (fy:)" lang="fy">Frysk</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Irish (ga:)" lang="ga">Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Galician (gl:)" lang="gl">Galego</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Croatian (hr:)" lang="hr">Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Georgian (ka:)" lang="ka">ქართული</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Kurdish (ku:)" lang="ku">Kurdî</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Latvian (lv:)" lang="lv">Latviešu</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Lithuanian (lt:)" lang="lt">Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Malayalam (ml:)" lang="ml">മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Macedonian (mk:)" lang="mk">Македонски</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Burmese (my:)" lang="my">မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Norwegian Nynorsk (nn:)" lang="nn">Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Punjabi (pa:)" lang="pa">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Albanian (sq:)" lang="sq">Shqip</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Slovenian (sl:)" lang="sl">Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Thai (th:)" lang="th">ไทย</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Telugu (te:)" lang="te">తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Urdu (ur:)" lang="ur">اردو</span></a></li></ul> </div> </li> </ul> </div></div> </div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7f966856f8‐5ckld Cached time: 20241220052345 Cache expiry: 3600 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [no‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.379 seconds Real time usage: 0.498 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 5710/1000000 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&amp;type=1x1&amp;usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;oldid=1225315602">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;oldid=1225315602</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> </div> <div 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