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<span>Modern usage</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Modern_usage-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Modern usage subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Modern_usage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Angelus_broadcasts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Angelus_broadcasts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Angelus broadcasts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Angelus_broadcasts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indulgences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indulgences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Indulgences</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indulgences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Papal_custom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Papal_custom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Papal custom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Papal_custom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anglican_practice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anglican_practice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Anglican practice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anglican_practice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Text"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Text</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Text-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Text subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Text-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Latin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Latin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Latin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-English" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#English"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>English</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-English-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indulgence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indulgence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Indulgence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indulgence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Angelus_bell" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Angelus_bell"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Angelus bell</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Angelus_bell-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poetry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poetry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Poetry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poetry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Angelus</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 41 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-41" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">41 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="صلاة التبشير – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صلاة التبشير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%99laik%C9%99_namaz%C4%B1" title="Məlaikə namazı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Məlaikə namazı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B1jeluz" title="Añjeluz – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Añjeluz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80ngelus" title="Àngelus – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Àngelus" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/And%C4%9Bl_P%C3%A1n%C4%9B" title="Anděl Páně – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Anděl Páně" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Der_Engel_des_Herrn" title="Der Engel des Herrn – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Der Engel des Herrn" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81ngelus" title="Ángelus – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ángelus" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C4%9Deluso" title="Anĝeluso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Anĝeluso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelus" title="Angelus – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Angelus" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ang%C3%A9lus" title="Angélus – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Angélus" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A1ilte_an_Aingil" title="Fáilte an Aingil – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fáilte an Aingil" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82" title="आयमरीचें मागणें – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="आयमरीचें मागणें" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%BC%EC%A2%85%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%84" title="삼종기도 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="삼종기도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C4%91eo_Gospodnji" title="Anđeo Gospodnji – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Anđeo Gospodnji" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doa_Malaikat_Tuhan" title="Doa Malaikat Tuhan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Doa Malaikat Tuhan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelus" title="Angelus – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Angelus" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelus" title="Angelus – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Angelus" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orasyun" title="Orasyun – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Orasyun" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani%C3%B3%C5%82_Pa%C5%84sczi" title="Aniół Pańsczi – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Aniół Pańsczi" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaika_wa_Bwana" title="Malaika wa Bwana – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Malaika wa Bwana" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelus_Domini" title="Angelus Domini – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Angelus Domini" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunga_e%C5%86%C4%A3elis" title="Kunga eņģelis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kunga eņģelis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Arangyala" title="Úrangyala – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Úrangyala" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelus" title="Angelus – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Angelus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelus_(gebed)" title="Angelus (gebed) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Angelus (gebed)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelus_(gebed)" title="Angelus (gebed) – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Angelus (gebed)" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelus" title="Angelus – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Angelus" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anio%C5%82_Pa%C5%84ski" title="Anioł Pański – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Anioł Pański" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelus" title="Angelus – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Angelus" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Engerul_Domnului" title="Îngerul Domnului – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Îngerul Domnului" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0)" title="Ангел Господень (молитва) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ангел Господень (молитва)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD_%E0%B6%86%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B0%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="තුන්කාල ආරාධනාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="තුන්කාල ආරාධනාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anjel_P%C3%A1na" title="Anjel Pána – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Anjel Pána" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_Gospodov" title="Angel Gospodov – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Angel Gospodov" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelus" title="Angelus – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Angelus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelusringning" title="Angelusringning – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Angelusringning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orasyon" title="Orasyon – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Orasyon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="மூவேளை செபம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மூவேளை செபம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Ангел Господній – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ангел Господній" data-language-autonym="Українська" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Christian devotion</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the religious devotion. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Angelus_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Angelus (disambiguation)">Angelus (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Millet_(II)_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Millet_%28II%29_001.jpg/220px-Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Millet_%28II%29_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Millet_%28II%29_001.jpg/330px-Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Millet_%28II%29_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Millet_%28II%29_001.jpg/440px-Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Millet_%28II%29_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7050" data-file-height="5862" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/The_Angelus_(painting)" title="The Angelus (painting)">The Angelus</a></i> (1857–1859) by <a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Millet" title="Jean-François Millet">Jean-François Millet</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output 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class="sidebar-top-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/25px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/38px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="1105" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_Mariology" title="Category:Catholic Mariology">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Mariology" title="Catholic Mariology">Mariology</a><br />of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Immaculate Conception"><img alt="Immaculate Conception" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg/150px-Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg/225px-Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg/300px-Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_de_Aranjuez.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1459" data-file-height="2717" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><i><a href="/wiki/Aranjuez_Immaculate_Conception" title="Aranjuez Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Bartolom%C3%A9_Esteban_Murillo" title="Bartolomé Esteban Murillo">Bartolomé Esteban Murillo</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1675</span>)</span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Overview</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marian_devotions" title="Marian devotions">Prayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_antiphons" class="mw-redirect" title="Marian antiphons">Antiphons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titles_of_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Titles of Mary">Titles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymns_to_Mary" title="Hymns to Mary">Hymns to Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_devotions" title="Marian devotions">Devotional practices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariology_of_the_saints" title="Mariology of the saints">Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Marian_movements_and_societies" title="Catholic Marian movements and societies">Societies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consecration_and_entrustment_to_Mary" title="Consecration and entrustment to Mary">Consecrations and entrustments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneration_of_Mary_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church">Veneration</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Titles_of_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Titles of Mary">Titles of Mary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos"><i>Theotokos</i> (Mother of God)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediatrix" title="Mediatrix">Mediatrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_of_the_Church" title="Mother of the Church">Mother of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Good_Counsel" title="Our Lady of Good Counsel">Our Lady of Good Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel" title="Our Lady of Mount Carmel">Our Lady of Mount Carmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Sorrows" title="Our Lady of Sorrows">Our Lady of Sorrows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Victory" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Victory">Our Lady of Victory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady,_Star_of_the_Sea" title="Our Lady, Star of the Sea">Our Lady, Star of the Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Heaven" title="Queen of Heaven">Queen of Heaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Peace" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen of Peace">Queen of Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Most_Holy_Virgin_Mary,_Queen_of_Poland" title="The Most Holy Virgin Mary, Queen of Poland">Queen of Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugium_Peccatorum" title="Refugium Peccatorum"><i>Refugium Peccatorum</i> (Refuge of Sinners)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Untier_of_Knots" title="Mary, Untier of Knots">Untier of Knots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_Mercy" title="Virgin of Mercy">Virgin of Mercy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Marian_devotions" title="Marian devotions">Prayers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marian_hymns" class="mw-redirect" title="Marian hymns">hymns</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Angelus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1tima_prayers" title="Fátima prayers">Fátima prayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flos_Carmeli" title="Flos Carmeli">Flos Carmeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hail_Mary" title="Hail Mary">Hail Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hail_Mary_of_Gold" title="Hail Mary of Gold">Hail Mary of Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immaculata_prayer" title="Immaculata prayer">Immaculata prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnificat" title="Magnificat">Magnificat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Mother_of_Grace" title="Mary, Mother of Grace">Mary, Mother of Grace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorare" title="Memorare">Memorare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub_tuum_praesidium" title="Sub tuum praesidium">Sub tuum praesidium</a></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/16px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/23px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/31px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Template:Marian_hymns" title="Template:Marian hymns"><b>Marian hymns</b></a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)">Devotional practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Reparation_to_the_Virgin_Mary" title="Acts of Reparation to the Virgin Mary">Acts of Reparation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consecration_and_entrustment_to_Mary" title="Consecration and entrustment to Mary">Consecration to Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Saturdays_Devotion" title="First Saturdays Devotion">First Saturdays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosary" title="Rosary">Rosary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Joys_of_the_Virgin" title="Seven Joys of the Virgin">Seven Joys of the Virgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Sorrows#Seven_Sorrows_of_Mary" title="Our Lady of Sorrows">Seven Sorrows of Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Hail_Marys" title="Three Hail Marys">Three Hail Marys</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Marian_movements_and_societies" title="Catholic Marian movements and societies">Movements and societies</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sodality_of_Our_Lady" title="Sodality of Our Lady">Sodality of Our Lady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Marian_Fathers_of_the_Immaculate_Conception" title="Congregation of Marian Fathers of the Immaculate Conception">Congregation of Marian Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company_of_Mary" title="Company of Mary">Company of Mary (Montfort)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Mary_(Marianists)" title="Society of Mary (Marianists)">Marianists (Society of Mary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Mary_(Marists)" title="Society of Mary (Marists)">Marist Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marist_Brothers" title="Marist Brothers">Marist Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schoenstatt_Apostolic_Movement" title="Schoenstatt Apostolic Movement">Schoenstatt Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Mary" title="Legion of Mary">Legion of Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Army_of_Our_Lady_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Blue Army of Our Lady of Fátima">World Apostolate of Fátima</a> <a href="/wiki/Blue_Army_of_Our_Lady_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Blue Army of Our Lady of Fátima">(Blue Army)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariological_Society_of_America" title="Mariological Society of America">Mariological Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady%27s_Rosary_Makers" title="Our Lady's Rosary Makers">Our Lady's Rosary Makers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_Movement_of_Priests" title="Marian Movement of Priests">Marian Movement of Priests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatima_Family_Apostolate" title="Fatima Family Apostolate">Fatima Family Apostolate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Angels_Foundation" title="Queen of Angels Foundation">Queen of Angels Foundation</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marian_apparitions" title="List of Marian apparitions">Apparitions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <dl><dd><small><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marian_apparitions#Approved,_with_widespread_liturgical_veneration_endorsed_by_the_Holy_See" title="List of Marian apparitions">Approved, with widespread liturgical<br />veneration endorsed by the Holy See</a>:</small></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Our Lady of Fátima">Fátima</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Three_Secrets_of_F%C3%A1tima" title="Three Secrets of Fátima">Three Secrets of Fátima</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Guadalupe" title="Our Lady of Guadalupe">Guadalupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knock_Shrine" title="Knock Shrine">Knock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_La_Salette" title="Our Lady of La Salette">La Salette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Lourdes" title="Our Lady of Lourdes">Lourdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miraculous_Medal" title="Miraculous Medal">Miraculous Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Walsingham" title="Our Lady of Walsingham">Walsingham</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dowry_of_Mary" title="Dowry of Mary">Dowry of Mary</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Marian_feast_days" title="Marian feast days">Key Marian feast days</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Solemnity_of_Mary,_Mother_of_God" title="Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God">Mother of God</a> (1 January)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Candlemas" title="Candlemas">Candlemas</a> (2 February)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Annunciation" title="Feast of the Annunciation">Annunciation</a> (25 March)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption</a> (15 August)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Mary" title="Nativity of Mary">Nativity</a> (8 September)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Most_Holy_Name_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary" title="Most Holy Name of the Blessed Virgin Mary">Holy Name</a> (12 September)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Presentation_of_Mary" title="Presentation of Mary">Presentation</a> (21 November)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Immaculate_Conception" title="Feast of the Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a> (8 December)</span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Catholic_Mariology_sidebar" title="Template:Catholic Mariology sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Catholic_Mariology_sidebar" title="Template talk:Catholic Mariology sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic_Mariology_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic Mariology sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Angelus</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/dʒ/: 'j' in 'jam'">dʒ</span><span title="/əl/: 'le' in 'bottle'">əl</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> for "angel") is a <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> devotion commemorating the <a href="/wiki/Incarnation_(Christianity)" title="Incarnation (Christianity)">Incarnation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus Christ">Christ</a>. As with many Catholic prayers, the name <i>Angelus</i> is derived from its <a href="/wiki/Incipit" title="Incipit">incipit</a>—the first few words of the text: <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Angelus Domini nuntiavit Mariæ</i></span> ("The <a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Angel of the Lord</a> declared unto <a href="/wiki/Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary (mother of Jesus)">Mary</a>"). The devotion is practised by reciting as <a href="/wiki/Versicle" title="Versicle">versicle</a> and response three <a href="/wiki/Biblical" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblical">Biblical</a> verses narrating the <a href="/wiki/Sacred_mysteries#Christian_mysteries" title="Sacred mysteries">mystery</a>, alternating with the prayer "<a href="/wiki/Hail_Mary" title="Hail Mary">Hail Mary</a>". The Angelus exemplifies a species of prayers called the "prayer of the devotee".<sup id="cite_ref-Prayer_p._128_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prayer_p._128-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The devotion is traditionally recited in <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> churches, convents, monasteries and by the faithful three times a day:<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the morning, at noon and in the evening (usually just before or after <a href="/wiki/Vespers" title="Vespers">Vespers</a>). The devotion is also observed by some <a href="/wiki/Western_Rite_Orthodoxy" title="Western Rite Orthodoxy">Western Rite Orthodox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a> churches.<sup id="cite_ref-Masheck2023_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Masheck2023-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Angelus is usually accompanied by the ringing of the Angelus church bells, which is a <a href="/wiki/Call_to_prayer" title="Call to prayer">call to prayer</a> and to spread goodwill to everyone. The angel referred to in the prayer is <a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a>, a messenger of God who revealed to the <a href="/wiki/Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary (mother of Jesus)">Virgin Mary</a> that she would <a href="/wiki/Virgin_birth_of_Jesus" title="Virgin birth of Jesus">conceive a child to be born the Son of God</a> (Luke 1:26–38).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Eastertide" title="Eastertide">Eastertide</a>, the Angelus is replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Regina_Coeli" class="mw-redirect" title="Regina Coeli">Regina Coeli</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelus&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Thurston" title="Herbert Thurston">Herbert Thurston</a>, the Angelus originated with the 11th-century monastic custom of reciting three Hail Marys at the evening, or <a href="/wiki/Compline" title="Compline">Compline</a>, bell.<sup id="cite_ref-Thurston_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thurston-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first written documentation stems from the Italian Franciscan friar <a href="/wiki/Benedetto_Sinigardi" title="Benedetto Sinigardi">Sinigardi di Arezzo</a> (died 1282).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967218_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967218-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Franciscan friaries in Italy document the use in 1263 and 1295. The current form of the Angelus prayer is included in a Venetian <a href="/wiki/Catechism" title="Catechism">Catechism</a> from 1560. The older usages seem to have commemorated the resurrection of Christ in the morning, his suffering at noon, and the <a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">annunciation</a> in the evening.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967218_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967218-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1269, <a href="/wiki/St_Bonaventure" class="mw-redirect" title="St Bonaventure">St Bonaventure</a> urged the faithful to adopt the custom of the <a href="/wiki/Franciscans" title="Franciscans">Franciscans</a> of saying three Hail Marys as the Compline bell was rung.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967220_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967220-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Angelus is not identical to the "noon bell" ordered by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Calixtus_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Calixtus III">Pope Calixtus III</a> (1455–58) in 1456, who asked for a long midday bell-ringing and prayer for protection against the <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkish</a> invasions of his time. In his 1956 Apostolic Letter <i><a href="/wiki/Dum_Maerenti_Animo" class="mw-redirect" title="Dum Maerenti Animo">Dum Maerenti Animo</a></i> about the persecution of the Catholic church in Eastern <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_XII" title="Pope Pius XII">Pope Pius XII</a> recalls the 500th anniversary of the "noon bell", a prayer crusade ordered by his predecessors against what they considered to be dangers from the East. He again asks the faithful throughout the world, to pray for the persecuted Church in the East during the mid-day Angelus.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The custom of reciting it in the morning apparently grew from the monastic custom of saying three Hail Marys while a bell rang at <a href="/wiki/Prime_(liturgy)" title="Prime (liturgy)">Prime</a>. The noon time custom apparently arose from the noon time commemoration of the <a href="/wiki/Passion_(Christianity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Passion (Christianity)">Passion</a> on Fridays. The institution of the Angelus is by some ascribed to <a href="/wiki/Pope_Urban_II" title="Pope Urban II">Pope Urban II</a>, by some to <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXII" title="Pope John XXII">Pope John XXII</a> in the year 1317.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967220_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967220-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The triple recitation is ascribed to <a href="/wiki/Louis_XI_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XI of France">Louis XI of France</a>, who in 1472 ordered it to be recited three times daily.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The form of the prayer was standardised by the 17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967220_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967220-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The manner of ringing the Angelus—the triple stroke repeated three times, with a pause between each set of three (a total of nine strokes), sometimes followed by a longer peal as at curfew—seems to have been long established. The 15th-century constitutions of Syon monastery dictate that the lay brother "shall toll the Ave bell nine strokes at three times, keeping the space of one Pater and Ave between each three tollings".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967221_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967221-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pattern of ringing on Irish <a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89_Radio_1" title="RTÉ Radio 1">RTÉ Radio One</a> and television, <a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89_One" title="RTÉ One">RTÉ One</a>, consists of three groups of three peals, each group separated by a pause, followed by a group of nine peals, for a total of eighteen rings.<sup id="cite_ref-rte_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rte-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his <a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_letter#Letters_of_the_popes_in_modern_times" title="Ecclesiastical letter">Apostolic Letter</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Marialis_Cultus" title="Marialis Cultus">Marialis Cultus</a></i> (1974), <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a> encouraged the praying of the Angelus considering it important and a reminder to faithful Catholics of the <a href="/wiki/Paschal_Mystery" class="mw-redirect" title="Paschal Mystery">Paschal Mystery</a>, in which by recalling the incarnation of the son of God they pray that they may be led "through his passion and cross to the glory of his resurrection."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:16.0em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="font-weight:bold;line-height: 1.5em;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Mariology" title="Category:Mariology">a series</a> of articles on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Mariology" title="Mariology">Mariology</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vierge_en_oraison_(Il_Sassoferrato).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Vierge_en_oraison_%28Il_Sassoferrato%29.jpg/120px-Vierge_en_oraison_%28Il_Sassoferrato%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Vierge_en_oraison_%28Il_Sassoferrato%29.jpg/180px-Vierge_en_oraison_%28Il_Sassoferrato%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Vierge_en_oraison_%28Il_Sassoferrato%29.jpg/240px-Vierge_en_oraison_%28Il_Sassoferrato%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4608" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> General perspective</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary, mother of Jesus</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Specific views</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Mariology" title="Catholic Mariology">Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Eastern Orthodox</a></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_views_on_Mary" title="Protestant views on Mary">Protestant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Marian_theology" title="Anglican Marian theology">Anglican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Mariology" title="Lutheran Mariology">Lutheran</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_views_on_Mary" title="Latter Day Saint views on Mary">Latter-day Saint</a></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_in_Islam" title="Mary in Islam">Islamic</a></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Marian_devotions" title="Marian devotions">Prayers and devotions</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hail_Mary" title="Hail Mary">Hail Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymns_to_Mary" title="Hymns to Mary">Hymns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneration_of_Mary_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church">Catholic Marian veneration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rosary" title="Rosary">Rosary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consecration_and_entrustment_to_Mary" title="Consecration and entrustment to Mary">Marian consecration</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Ecumenism" title="Ecumenism">Ecumenical</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_meetings_and_documents_on_Mary" title="Ecumenical meetings and documents on Mary">Ecumenical views</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mariology" title="Template:Mariology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mariology" title="Template talk:Mariology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mariology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mariology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_usage">Modern usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelus&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Modern usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Angelus" title="Special:EditPage/Angelus">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Angelus%22">"Angelus"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Angelus%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Angelus%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Angelus%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Angelus%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Angelus%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>It is common practice that during the recital of the Angelus prayer, for the lines "And the <a href="/wiki/Logos_(Christianity)" title="Logos (Christianity)">Word</a> was made flesh/And dwelt among us", those reciting the prayer <a href="/wiki/Bowing" title="Bowing">bow</a> or <a href="/wiki/Genuflect" class="mw-redirect" title="Genuflect">genuflect</a>. Either of these actions draws attention to the moment of the <a href="/wiki/Incarnation_of_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Incarnation of Christ">Incarnation of Christ</a> into human flesh. </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/Paschaltide" class="mw-redirect" title="Paschaltide">Paschaltide</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Hymns_to_Mary#Marian_antiphons" title="Hymns to Mary">Marian antiphon</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Regina_Coeli" class="mw-redirect" title="Regina Coeli">Regina Cœli</a></i> with versicle and prayer, is said in place of the Angelus.<sup id="cite_ref-Thurston_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thurston-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In some <a href="/wiki/Catholic_school" title="Catholic school">Catholic schools</a>, the Angelus is recited periodically. In most <a href="/wiki/Franciscan" class="mw-redirect" title="Franciscan">Franciscan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christian_contemplation" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian contemplation">contemplative</a> monasteries, the Angelus is prayed three times a day. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Angelus_broadcasts">Angelus broadcasts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelus&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Angelus broadcasts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, particular dioceses and their radio stations broadcast the Angelus. In addition, Roman Catholic churches (and some Protestant ones) ring the Angelus bell thrice daily.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967221_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967221-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Angelus_(television_programme)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Angelus (television programme)">The Angelus</a></i> is currently broadcast every night before the <a href="/wiki/Six-One_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Six-One News">main evening news</a> at 18:00 on the main national TV channel, <a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89_One" title="RTÉ One">RTÉ One</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-rte_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rte-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and on the broadcaster's sister radio station, <a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89_Radio_1" title="RTÉ Radio 1">Radio 1</a>, at noon and 18:00. In 2015, in advertising for a commission to independent film makers to produce versions of the Angelus, RTÉ described the playing of the Angelus as follows: </p> <blockquote><p>The daily "Angelus" broadcast on RTÉ One is by far RTÉ's longest-running and most watched Religious programme. It's also, possibly, the most controversial. For some, the reflective slot, which airs for just one minute in every 1440 per day and on only one RTÉ TV channel, is as much part of Ireland's unique cultural identity as the harp on your passport; for others, it's an anachronism – a reminder of more homogeneously and observantly Christian times.<sup id="cite_ref-rte_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rte-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>As of 2015, RTÉ Audience Research found that a clear majority of Irish viewers still favour keeping the "Angelus" broadcasts, chimes and all. Its appeal is summarised by one audience member as follows: "To the person of faith, it's a moment of grace; to the person without faith, it's a moment of peace. What's not to like?" The station also notes that the prayer itself is never broadcast, whether in vocal or text form.<sup id="cite_ref-rte_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rte-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Angelus is broadcast daily on radio in the city of <a href="/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey">Monterrey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, at 06:00, 12:00, and 18:00.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, radio stations associated with the Catholic Radio Network (<i>Rede Católica de Rádio</i> in <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>) broadcast the Angelus daily at 18:00; radio stations that are not affiliated with the network but are run by Catholic personnel also broadcast the prayer at the same hour. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, radio and television stations of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_the_Philippines" title="Catholic Church in the Philippines">Philippine Catholic Church</a> and some religious orders broadcast the Angelus at 06:00, 12:00, and 18:00 <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Standard_Time" title="Philippine Standard Time">PST</a> (<a href="/wiki/GMT%2B8" class="mw-redirect" title="GMT+8">GMT+8</a>). The devotion is also broadcast over the <a href="/wiki/Public_address" class="mw-redirect" title="Public address">public address system</a> at noon and 18:00 in some shopping malls, and in many Catholic educational institutions at noon on schooldays. Individual parish churches also ring bells at 18:00. It was once custom for a family to be home by the evening Angelus, where it is recited kneeling in front of the house altar. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, some Catholic radio stations run by laity broadcast the Angelus daily. American <a href="/wiki/Trappist" class="mw-redirect" title="Trappist">Trappist</a> monasteries and convents often combine the Angelus with midday prayers or Vespers and pray them together in the Church. At the Roman Catholic <a href="/wiki/University_of_Portland" title="University of Portland">University of Portland</a>, the bell tower near the centre of campus tolls the Angelus at noon and 18:00. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovak</a> Catholic <a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1dio_Lumen" class="extiw" title="sk:Rádio Lumen">Rádio Lumen</a> broadcasts the Angelus and other prayers daily for 10 minutes at noon.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Likewise, <a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/TV_Lux" class="extiw" title="sk:TV Lux">TV Lux</a> broadcasts the Angelus regularly.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indulgences">Indulgences</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelus&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Indulgences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The singular prayer of the Angelus grants a partial indulgence. The <i><a href="/wiki/Raccolta" title="Raccolta">Raccolta</a></i> (superseded by the <i><a href="/wiki/Enchiridion_Indulgentiarum" class="mw-redirect" title="Enchiridion Indulgentiarum">Enchiridion Indulgentiarum</a></i> in 1968) includes an indulgence for praying the Angelus monthly. It was originally granted by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XIII" title="Pope Benedict XIII">Pope Benedict XIII</a> in 1724 as a plenary indulgence.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Papal_custom">Papal custom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelus&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Papal custom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Papa_Francesco_Angelus_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Papa_Francesco_Angelus_2018.jpg/300px-Papa_Francesco_Angelus_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Papa_Francesco_Angelus_2018.jpg/450px-Papa_Francesco_Angelus_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Papa_Francesco_Angelus_2018.jpg/600px-Papa_Francesco_Angelus_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4680" data-file-height="3645" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> during the Angelus Address in <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a>, 2018.</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a> since <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXIII" title="Pope John XXIII">Pope John XXIII</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> delivers an address in Italian every Sunday at noon (except Easter Sunday which the address is given on <a href="/wiki/Easter_Monday" title="Easter Monday">Easter Monday</a> instead). Pope John spoke of the Angelus "as a summary of 'the Christian epic' in three books: the divine invitation and initiative; the human response of obedience, <i>fiat</i>; and the result of this obedience, the Word made flesh."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Known informally as the Angelus Address (“Regina Cœli Address” during Eastertide), the short ritual is broadcast live at 12 p.m. (noon - <a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">Central European Time</a>) on online platforms (<a href="/wiki/Vatican_News" title="Vatican News">Vatican News</a> - with simultaneous interpretation), by public television (<a href="/wiki/Rai_1" title="Rai 1">Rai 1</a>) and through <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurovision Network">Eurovision Network</a>. At the end of the Address, the Pope leads recitation of the Angelus or Regina Cœli, and concludes with a blessing upon the crowds in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter%27s_Square" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Peter's Square">Saint Peter's Square</a> and televiewers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anglican_practice">Anglican practice</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelus&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Anglican practice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Angelus is found in two popular twentieth-century <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Catholic">Anglo-Catholic</a> manuals of devotion. <i>The Practice of Religion: A Short Manual of Instructions and Devotions</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Archibald_Campbell_Knowles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archibald Campbell Knowles (page does not exist)">Archibald Campbell Knowles</a>, first published in 1908, refers to the Angelus as "the memorial of the Incarnation" and notes that "In the Mystery of the Incarnation we worship and adore Our Lord as God of God, we honour and reverence Saint Mary as 'Blessed among women.' In honouring Mary, the Instrument of the Incarnation, we really honour Christ, Who became Incarnate."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Angelus is also found in <i>Saint Augustine's Prayer Book: A Book of Devotion for members of the Episcopal Church</i>, first published in 1947 (Revised Edition, 1967).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In many <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Catholic">Anglo-Catholic</a> communities of the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a>, there is a tradition of singing the Angelus,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> particularly before or after the Sunday parish Mass.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The practice has spread more commonly into Roman Catholicism through the Ordinariate jurisdictions for former Anglicans.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Text">Text</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelus&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Text"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Latin">Latin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelus&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Latin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Versicle" title="Versicle">℣</a></i>. <i>Angelus Domini nuntiavit Mariæ,</i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Response_(liturgy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Response (liturgy)">℟</a></i>. <i>Et concepit de Spiritu Sancto.</i> </p><p><i>Ave Maria, gratia plena, Dominus tecum. Benedicta tu in mulieribus, et benedictus fructus ventris tui, Iesus. * Sancta Maria, Mater Dei, ora pro nobis peccatoribus, nunc et in hora mortis nostræ. Amen.</i> </p><p><i>℣</i>. <i>Ecce ancilla Domini.</i><br /> <i>℟</i>. <i>Fiat mihi secundum verbum tuum.</i> </p><p><i>Ave Maria, gratia plena, Dominus tecum. Benedicta tu in mulieribus, et benedictus fructus ventris tui, Iesus. * Sancta Maria, Mater Dei, ora pro nobis peccatoribus, nunc et in hora mortis nostræ. Amen.</i> </p><p><i>℣</i>. <i>Et Verbum caro factum est.</i><br /> <i>℟</i>. <i>Et habitavit in nobis.</i> </p><p><i>Ave Maria, gratia plena, Dominus tecum. Benedicta tu in mulieribus, et benedictus fructus ventris tui, Iesus. * Sancta Maria, Mater Dei, ora pro nobis peccatoribus, nunc et in hora mortis nostræ. Amen.</i> </p><p><i>℣</i>. <i>Ora pro nobis, Sancta Dei Genitrix.</i><br /> <i>℟</i>. <i>Ut digni efficiamur promissionibus Christi.</i> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Oremus" title="Oremus">Oremus</a></i>.<br /> <i>Gratiam tuam, quæsumus, Domine, mentibus nostris infunde; ut qui, Angelo nuntiante, Christi Filii tui incarnationem cognovimus, per passionem eius et Crucem ad resurrectionis gloriam perducamur. Per eundem Christum Dominum nostrum.</i><br /> <i>℟</i>: <i>Amen.</i><sup id="cite_ref-EWTN_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EWTN-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="English">English</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelus&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: English"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>℣</i>. The <a href="/wiki/Angel_of_the_Lord" title="Angel of the Lord">Angel of the L<span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">ORD</span></a> declared unto Mary,<br /> <i>℟</i>. And she conceived of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christianity" title="Holy Spirit in Christianity">Holy Spirit</a>. </p><p>Hail Mary, full of grace; the L<span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">ORD</span> is with thee: blessed art thou amongst women, and blessed is the Fruit of thy womb, Jesus.* Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners, now and at the hour of our death. </p><p><i>℣</i>. Behold the handmaid of the L<span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">ORD</span>.<br /> <i>℟</i>. Be it done unto me according to thy word. </p><p>Hail Mary, full of grace; the L<span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">ORD</span> is with thee: blessed art thou amongst women, and blessed is the Fruit of thy womb, Jesus.* Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners, now and at the hour of our death. </p><p><i>℣</i>. And the <a href="/wiki/Logos_(Christianity)" title="Logos (Christianity)">Word</a> was made flesh.<br /> <i>℟</i>. And dwelt among us. </p><p>Hail Mary, full of grace; the L<span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">ORD</span> is with thee: blessed art thou amongst women, and blessed is the Fruit of thy womb, Jesus.* Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners, now and at the hour of our death. </p><p><i>℣</i>. Pray for us, O Holy Mother of God.<br /> <i>℟</i>. That we may be made worthy of the promises of Christ. </p><p>Let us pray,<br /> Pour forth, we beseech Thee, O L<span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">ORD</span>, Thy grace into our hearts; that, we, to whom the Incarnation of Christ, Thy Son, was made known by the message of an angel, may by His <a href="/wiki/Passion_(Christianity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Passion (Christianity)">Passion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Cross</a> be brought to the glory of His <a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a>. Through the same Christ our Lord.<br /> </p><p><i>℟</i>. Amen.<sup id="cite_ref-EWTN_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EWTN-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In some places, the <i><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Patri" title="Gloria Patri">Gloria Patri</a></i> is added, either once or thrice.<br /> </p><p><i>℣</i>. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit. <br /> <i>℟</i>. As it was in the beginning, is now and ever shall be, <a href="/wiki/Unto_the_ages_of_ages" title="Unto the ages of ages">world without end</a>.<br /> Amen. </p><p>In the published Anglican versions of the Angelus, the text of the concluding <a href="/wiki/Collect" title="Collect">collect</a> reads: <br /> We beseech Thee, O LORD, pour Thy grace into our hearts; that as we have known the Incarnation of Thy Son, Jesus Christ, by the message of an angel, so by His Cross and Passion we may be brought unto the glory of His Resurrection. Through the same Jesus Christ our Lord. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indulgence">Indulgence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelus&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Indulgence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XIII" title="Pope Benedict XIII">Pope Benedict XIII</a> on 14 September 1724 added to the recitation of the Angelus the 100-day indulgence for the faithful who recited it on their knees (standing on Saturday evenings and Sundays) at dawn, at midday and at sunset, at the ringing of the bell.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_XIII" title="Pope Leo XIII">Leo XIII</a> (1878-1903) modified, making them easier, the conditions for obtaining the gift of indulgence. Until the reform of indulgences implemented by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a> in 1967<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was still granted the <a href="/wiki/Indulgence" title="Indulgence">indulgence</a> of 100 and plenary once a month, provided that he had recited it every day at the three prescribed times of the day (dawn, midday, sunset), and had confessed and communicated.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Enchiridion Indulgentiarum</i> includes a <a href="/wiki/Indulgence" title="Indulgence">partial indulgence</a> for the faithful who recite the Angelus in the three prescribed times.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As with all indulgences, it is necessary to be in a state of <a href="/wiki/Grace_in_Christianity" title="Grace in Christianity">grace</a>; furthermore, the indulgence is applicable to oneself or to the souls of the deceased, but is not applicable to other living people on earth.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Angelus_bell">Angelus bell</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelus&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Angelus bell"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Angelus_bell_being_rung_at_La_Ermita_(27487529958).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/The_Angelus_bell_being_rung_at_La_Ermita_%2827487529958%29.jpg/220px-The_Angelus_bell_being_rung_at_La_Ermita_%2827487529958%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/The_Angelus_bell_being_rung_at_La_Ermita_%2827487529958%29.jpg/330px-The_Angelus_bell_being_rung_at_La_Ermita_%2827487529958%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/The_Angelus_bell_being_rung_at_La_Ermita_%2827487529958%29.jpg/440px-The_Angelus_bell_being_rung_at_La_Ermita_%2827487529958%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2652" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Angelus bell being rung at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ermita_de_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_las_Angustias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ermita de Nuestra Señora de las Angustias (page does not exist)">Ermita de Nuestra Señora de las Angustias</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97633465" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q97633465"> wikidata</a>]</span></figcaption></figure> <p>The Angelus, in all its stages of development, was closely associated with the ringing of a <a href="/wiki/Church_bell" title="Church bell">church bell</a>. The bell is still rung in some English country churches and has often been mistaken for, and alleged to be a remnant of, the <a href="/wiki/Curfew_bell" title="Curfew bell">curfew bell</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Angelus bell is not rung on Good Friday and Holy Saturday. </p><p>Where the town bell and the bells of the principal church or monastery were distinct, the curfew was generally rung upon the town bell. Where the church bell served for both purposes, the Ave and the curfew were probably rung upon the same bell at different hours.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The ringing of the Angelus in the 14th century and even in the 13th century must have been very general.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The number of bells belonging to these two centuries that still survive is relatively low, but a considerable proportion bear inscriptions that suggest that they were originally intended to serve as Ave bells. Such bells bear words like <i>Missi de coelis nomen habeo Gabrielis</i> ("I bear the name of Gabriel sent from heaven") or <i>Missus vero pie Gabriel fert laeta Mariae</i> ("Gabriel the messenger brings joyous tidings to holy Mary").<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bells inscribed with <i>Ave Maria</i> are also numerous in England, but there the Angelus bells seem in a very large number of instances to have been dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">St Gabriel</a>, the angel mentioned in the prayer (Luke 1:26–27). In the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Lincoln" title="Diocese of Lincoln">Diocese of Lincoln</a> alone there are nineteen surviving medieval bells bearing the name of Gabriel, while only six bear the name of <a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a>, a much more popular patron in other respects.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, the <i>Ave Maria</i> seems to have been the ordinary label for Angelus bells; but in Germany the most common inscription of all, even in the case of many bells of the 13th century, is the words <i>O Rex Gloriæ Veni Cum Pace</i> ("O King of Glory, Come with Peace"). In Germany, the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, and in some parts of France, the Angelus bell was regularly known as the <i>Peace bell</i>, and <i>pro pace schlagen</i> (to toll for peace) was a phrase popularly used for ringing the Angelus.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, the three recitals of the Angelus are referred to as <i>avemmaria</i>, hence <i>L' avemmaria del giorno</i>, <i>L' avemmaria del mezzo giorno</i> and <i>L' avemmaria della sera</i>. It was customary at one time to calculate hours of the day from the evening Angelus, or <i>avemmaria</i> for short. Hence the origin of the phrase that appears in Leoncavallo's opera <i><a href="/wiki/Pagliacci" title="Pagliacci">Pagliacci</a></i>: "venti tre ore"' ("the twenty-third hour") refers to one hour before the evening Angelus.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>, mainly the noon Angelus was commonly referred to as "na Anjel Pána" (at Angelus), similar to <a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a> "na Anděl Páně". These terms were also part of their contemporary artistic works.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poetry">Poetry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelus&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Poetry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The poem "The Irish Unionist's Farewell" by <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Betjeman" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir John Betjeman">Sir John Betjeman</a> has the line "and the Angelus is calling".<sup id="cite_ref-Betjeman_1922_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Betjeman_1922-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Francis_Bret_Harte" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis Bret Harte">Francis Bret Harte</a> wrote "The Angelus" referencing the twilight tolling of the Angelus bell at a Californian mission.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Denis_Florence_MacCarthy" title="Denis Florence MacCarthy">Denis Florence MacCarthy</a>'s poem "The Bell-Founder" describes the fashioning of Angelus bells.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Angelus is mentioned in Book 11 of <i><a href="/wiki/Pan_Tadeusz" title="Pan Tadeusz">Pan Tadeusz</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Adam_Mickiewicz" title="Adam Mickiewicz">Adam Mickiewicz</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Francis_Jammes" title="Francis Jammes">Francis Jammes</a>' most famous collection of poems is the 1897 <i>De l'angélus de l'aube à l'angélus du soir</i> ("From morning Angelus to evening Angelus").<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In "The Angelus", Donegal poet <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Shane" title="Elizabeth Shane">Elizabeth Shane</a> portrays an elderly couple cutting peat reminiscent of the scene in Millet's painting.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a poem set to music circa 1919, "<a href="/wiki/Foggy_Dew_(Irish_ballad)" class="mw-redirect" title="Foggy Dew (Irish ballad)">The Foggy Dew</a>", Canon Charles O'Neill (1887–1963) memorialized the <a href="/wiki/Easter_Rising" title="Easter Rising">Easter Rising</a> also known as the <a href="/wiki/Easter_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Easter Rebellion">Easter Rebellion</a> of 1916. One of the lines reads: "But the Angelus Bell o'er the Liffey's swell rang out in the foggy dew".<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A poem by <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Allan_Poe" title="Edgar Allan Poe">Edgar Allan Poe</a>, "A Catholic Hymn", and various similar titles in 1835 as part of a short story and again in 1845. Apparently written after hearing the Angelus bells whilst passing a church.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In "<a href="/wiki/The_Dry_Salvages" title="The Dry Salvages">The Dry Salvages</a>", <a href="/wiki/T.S._Eliot" class="mw-redirect" title="T.S. Eliot">T.S. Eliot</a> analogizes a fog bell floating on the ocean to a "perpetual Angelus".<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music">Music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelus&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Franz_Biebl" title="Franz Biebl">Franz Biebl</a> set the prayer for two men's choirs, called <a href="/wiki/Ave_Maria_(Biebl)" title="Ave Maria (Biebl)">Ave Maria (Angelus Domini)</a>, published also in versions for mixed choirs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelus&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" 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.reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Prayer_p._128-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Prayer_p._128_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFZaleski2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Zaleski" title="Philip Zaleski">Zaleski, Philip</a> (2005). <i>Prayer: a history</i>. p. 128. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-618-15288-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-618-15288-1"><bdi>0-618-15288-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prayer%3A+a+history&rft.pages=128&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-618-15288-1&rft.aulast=Zaleski&rft.aufirst=Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.preces-latinae.org/thesaurus/Cotidiana/Angelus.html">"Angelus"</a>. <i>Preces-latinae.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Preces-latinae.org&rft.atitle=Angelus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.preces-latinae.org%2Fthesaurus%2FCotidiana%2FAngelus.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Masheck2023-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Masheck2023_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMasheck2023" class="citation book cs1">Masheck, Joseph (June 15, 2023). <i>Faith in Art: Religion, Aesthetics, and Early Abstraction</i>. <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Publishing" title="Bloomsbury Publishing">Bloomsbury Publishing</a>. p. 26. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-350-21698-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-350-21698-3"><bdi>978-1-350-21698-3</bdi></a>. <q>Here Kadinky refers to the Angelus, a brief devotion sometimes used in the Anglican or Lutheran churches as well as the Catholic; practiced wherever out of doors one happens to be, it is signaled by the ringing of a church bell, and involves recalling the annunciation by saying the Ave Maria and a special prayer.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Faith+in+Art%3A+Religion%2C+Aesthetics%2C+and+Early+Abstraction&rft.pages=26&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2023-06-15&rft.isbn=978-1-350-21698-3&rft.aulast=Masheck&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Luke%201:26–38&version=nrsv">Luke 1:26–38</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Thurston-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Thurston_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thurston_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThurston1907" class="citation book cs1">Thurston, Herbert (1907). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01486b.htm"><i>Angelus</i></a>. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 27,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Angelus&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1907&rft.aulast=Thurston&rft.aufirst=Herbert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F01486b.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967218-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967218_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967218_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchauerle1967">Schauerle 1967</a>, p. 218.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967220-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967220_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967220_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967220_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchauerle1967">Schauerle 1967</a>, p. 220.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Angelus" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Angelus">Angelus</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 8.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Angelus&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=8&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967221-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967221_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchauerle1967221_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchauerle1967">Schauerle 1967</a>, p. 221.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rte-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rte_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rte_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rte_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rte_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150512044037/http://www.rte.ie/commissioning/angelus.html">"RTÉ Independent Productions"</a>. <i>RTÉ</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/commissioning/angelus.html">the original</a> on May 12, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RT%C3%89&rft.atitle=RT%C3%89+Independent+Productions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rte.ie%2Fcommissioning%2Fangelus.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YMNQ84nHFZo">"Recording of the Angelus on Irish television"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Recording+of+the+Angelus+on+Irish+television&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DYMNQ84nHFZo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_p-vi_exh_19740202_marialis-cultus_en.html">"Marialis Cultus (February 2, 1974) - Paul VI"</a>. <i>Vatican.va</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vatican.va&rft.atitle=Marialis+Cultus+%28February+2%2C+1974%29+-+Paul+VI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Fholy_father%2Fpaul_vi%2Fapost_exhortations%2Fdocuments%2Fhf_p-vi_exh_19740202_marialis-cultus_en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lumen.sk/relacie/modlitba/modlitba-anjel-pana--zamyslenie.html">"Modlitba Anjel Pána + zamyslenie"</a>. <i>Rádio Lumen</i> (in Slovak)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 29,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=R%C3%A1dio+Lumen&rft.atitle=Modlitba+Anjel+P%C3%A1na+%2B+zamyslenie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lumen.sk%2Frelacie%2Fmodlitba%2Fmodlitba-anjel-pana--zamyslenie.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tvlux.sk/relacia/anjel-pana">"ANJEL PÁNA"</a>. <i>TV Lux</i> (in Slovak)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 31,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TV+Lux&rft.atitle=ANJEL+P%C3%81NA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tvlux.sk%2Frelacia%2Fanjel-pana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholic.org/prayers/indulgw.php">Catholic.Org Unofficial English translation of Enchiridion of Indulgences</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHebblethwaite" class="citation book cs1">Hebblethwaite, Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theway.org.uk/back/s051Hebblethwaite.pdf"><i>The Mariology of Three Popes</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. p. 55.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mariology+of+Three+Popes&rft.pages=55&rft.aulast=Hebblethwaite&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theway.org.uk%2Fback%2Fs051Hebblethwaite.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnowles1935" class="citation book cs1">Knowles, Archibald Campbell (1935). <i>The Practice of Religion: A Short Manual of Instructions and Devotions</i> (7 ed.). New York: Morehouse-Gorham Co. p. 183.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Practice+of+Religion%3A+A+Short+Manual+of+Instructions+and+Devotions&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=183&rft.edition=7&rft.pub=Morehouse-Gorham+Co.&rft.date=1935&rft.aulast=Knowles&rft.aufirst=Archibald+Campbell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGavitt1967" class="citation book cs1">Gavitt, Loren, ed. (1967). <i>Saint Augustine's Prayer Book: A Book of Devotion for members of the Episcopal Church</i>. West Park, New York: Holy Cross Publications, Revised Edition. p. 18.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Saint+Augustine%27s+Prayer+Book%3A+A+Book+of+Devotion+for+members+of+the+Episcopal+Church&rft.place=West+Park%2C+New+York&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Holy+Cross+Publications%2C+Revised+Edition&rft.date=1967&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rh80I5c-ygM">"An example from a Lincolnshire, England, Anglican church"</a> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+example+from+a+Lincolnshire%2C+England%2C+Anglican+church&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Drh80I5c-ygM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=87pW2jtFseA">"Demonstration video by an Anglican priest"</a> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Demonstration+video+by+an+Anglican+priest&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D87pW2jtFseA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ordinariateexpats.wordpress.com/2013/10/25/examples-of-anglican-patrimony-in-the-personal-ordinariate-of-our-lady-of-walsingham-part-8-singing-the-angelus">"Singing the Angelus as part of Anglican patrimony"</a>. <i>English Roman Catholic Ordinariate</i>. October 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=English+Roman+Catholic+Ordinariate&rft.atitle=Singing+the+Angelus+as+part+of+Anglican+patrimony&rft.date=2013-10-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fordinariateexpats.wordpress.com%2F2013%2F10%2F25%2Fexamples-of-anglican-patrimony-in-the-personal-ordinariate-of-our-lady-of-walsingham-part-8-singing-the-angelus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFr._Edwin_Barnes2011" class="citation web cs1">Fr. Edwin Barnes (October 7, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111013023908/http://www.theanglocatholic.com/tag/angelus/">"Mary and the Patrimony"</a>. <i>Ordinariate website</i>. Archived from the original on October 13, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ordinariate+website&rft.atitle=Mary+and+the+Patrimony&rft.date=2011-10-07&rft.au=Fr.+Edwin+Barnes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theanglocatholic.com%2Ftag%2Fangelus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EWTN-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EWTN_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EWTN_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ewtn.com/library/prayer/latrosar.htm">"LATIN PRAYERS"</a>. <i>Ewtn.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ewtn.com&rft.atitle=LATIN+PRAYERS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ewtn.com%2Flibrary%2Fprayer%2Flatrosar.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:6_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Herbert Thurston, voce Angelus, in Charles George Herbermann (a cura di), Catholic Encyclopedia, Robert Appleton Company, New York , vol. I, 1907, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01486b.htm">p. 486</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See Paul VI, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/it/apost_constitutions/documents/hf_p-">vi_apc_01011967_indulgentiarum-doctrina.html Apostolic Constitution «Indulgentiarum Doctrina»</a></i>, on <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/it.html">The Holy See</a></i>, 1 January 1967.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See. <i>Massime eterne</i>, 80th edition, Libreria Editrice "Aquileia", <a href="/wiki/Udine" title="Udine">Udine</a>, 1922, page. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:4_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Penitentiary" title="Apostolic Penitentiary">Apostolic Penitentiary</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/tribunals/">apost_penit/documents/rc_trib_appen_doc_20020826_enchiridion-indulgentiarum_lt.html Enchiridion indulgentiarum</a></i>, quarto editur, 16 July 1999, on <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vatican.va/content/romancuria/it/tribunali/penitenzieria-apostolica.index.">html The Holy See</a></i>, <i>Concessiones</i> 17, § 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cf. Apostolic Penitentiary, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/tribunals/apost_penit/documents/rc_trib_appen_pro_20000129_indulgence_it.html">The gift of Indulgence</a></i>, on <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vatican.va/">content/romancuria/it/tribunali/penitenzieria-apostolica/documenti.html The Holy See</a></i>, Rome, 29 January 2000, nn. 3.7. URL consulted on 11 February 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01487a.htm">"Angelus Bell"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 24,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Angelus+Bell&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F01487a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGriffin2003" class="citation web cs1">Griffin, Emilie (March 10, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americamagazine.org/issue/425/article/angelus">"The Angelus"</a>. <i>America Magazine</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 24,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=America+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Angelus&rft.date=2003-03-10&rft.aulast=Griffin&rft.aufirst=Emilie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericamagazine.org%2Fissue%2F425%2Farticle%2Fangelus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zlatyfond.sme.sk/dielo/1648/Urbanek_Dramaticka-literatura-2-Cinohry/56">"Ferko Urbánek: Dramatická literatúra 2. Činohry (Sedláček V. — Príborský Fr.: A keď zvonili na Anjel Pána) - elektronická knižnica"</a>. <i>zlatyfond.sme.sk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 12,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=zlatyfond.sme.sk&rft.atitle=Ferko+Urb%C3%A1nek%3A+Dramatick%C3%A1+literat%C3%BAra+2.+%C4%8Cinohry+%28Sedl%C3%A1%C4%8Dek+V.+%E2%80%94+Pr%C3%ADborsk%C3%BD+Fr.%3A+A+ke%C4%8F+zvonili+na+Anjel+P%C3%A1na%29+-+elektronick%C3%A1+kni%C5%BEnica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzlatyfond.sme.sk%2Fdielo%2F1648%2FUrbanek_Dramaticka-literatura-2-Cinohry%2F56&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Betjeman_1922-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Betjeman_1922_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBetjeman1922" class="citation web cs1">Betjeman, John (1922). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://famouspoetsandpoems.com/poets/john_betjeman/poems/810">"The Irish Unionist's farewell to Greta Hellastrom"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Irish+Unionist%27s+farewell+to+Greta+Hellastrom&rft.date=1922&rft.aulast=Betjeman&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffamouspoetsandpoems.com%2Fpoets%2Fjohn_betjeman%2Fpoems%2F810&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://allpoetry.com/poem/8588927-The-Angelus-by-Francis-Bret-Harte">"The Angelus by Francis Bret Harte"</a>. <i>Allpoetry.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Allpoetry.com&rft.atitle=The+Angelus+by+Francis+Bret+Harte&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fallpoetry.com%2Fpoem%2F8588927-The-Angelus-by-Francis-Bret-Harte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.inspirationalstories.com/poems/the-bell-founder-part-ii-triumph-and-reward-denis-florence-maccarthy-poems/">"The Bell-Founder Part II – Triumph And Reward (Denis Florence MacCarthy Poems) - Famous Inspirational Poems, Poetry, Quotes"</a>. <i>Inspirationalstories.com</i>. March 21, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Inspirationalstories.com&rft.atitle=The+Bell-Founder+Part+II+%E2%80%93+Triumph+And+Reward+%28Denis+Florence+MacCarthy+Poems%29+-+Famous+Inspirational+Poems%2C+Poetry%2C+Quotes&rft.date=2012-03-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.inspirationalstories.com%2Fpoems%2Fthe-bell-founder-part-ii-triumph-and-reward-denis-florence-maccarthy-poems%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> Works related to <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/fr:De_l%27Ang%C3%A9lus_de_l%27aube_%C3%A0_l%27Ang%C3%A9lus_du_soir" class="extiw" title="wikisource:fr:De l'Angélus de l'aube à l'Angélus du soir">De l'Angélus de l'aube à l'Angélus du soir</a> at Wikisource</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShane" class="citation web cs1">Shane, Elizabeth. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140111021119/http://www.timberheadmusic.com/disc/angelus.htm">"The Angelu"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timberheadmusic.com/disc/angelus.htm">the original</a> on January 11, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Angelu&rft.aulast=Shane&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timberheadmusic.com%2Fdisc%2Fangelus.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bbc_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/easterrising/songs/rs04.shtml">"History – 1916 Easter Rising – Rebel Songs (Part 4)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=History+%E2%80%93+1916+Easter+Rising+%E2%80%93+Rebel+Songs+%28Part+4%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fhistory%2Fbritish%2Feasterrising%2Fsongs%2Frs04.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Poems_by_Edgar_Allan_Poe#Hymn_.281835.29" title="Poems by Edgar Allan Poe">Hymn, by E.A. Poe, 1835</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.davidgorman.com/4quartets/3-salvages.htm">"The Dry Salvages by T.S. Eliot"</a>. <i>DavidGorman.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 22,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DavidGorman.com&rft.atitle=The+Dry+Salvages+by+T.S.+Eliot&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.davidgorman.com%2F4quartets%2F3-salvages.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelus&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchauerle1967" class="citation book cs1">Schauerle, H. (1967). <i>Angelus Domini</i>. Regensburg.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Angelus+Domini&rft.pub=Regensburg&rft.date=1967&rft.aulast=Schauerle&rft.aufirst=H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngelus" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelus&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Angelus" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Angelus">Angelus</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01487a.htm">"Angelus Bell"</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i> on <a href="/wiki/New_Advent" title="New Advent">New Advent</a></li> <li>Lynch, Brian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyireland.com/20th-century-contemporary-history/the-origins-of-the-angelus-on-radio-eireann/">"The Origins of the Angelus on Radio Éireann"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/History_Ireland" title="History Ireland">History Ireland</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151222112537/https://udayton.edu/imri/mary/a/angelus-painting.php">"Angelus Painting"</a> on All About Mary at <a href="/wiki/The_University_of_Dayton" class="mw-redirect" title="The University of Dayton">The University of Dayton</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Marian_Library/International_Marian_Research_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="The Marian Library/International Marian Research Institute">Marian Library/International Marian Research Institute</a> (IMRI)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prayers_of_the_Catholic_Church" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prayers_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Template:Prayers of the Catholic Church"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prayers_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Template talk:Prayers of the Catholic Church"><abbr 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href="/wiki/Apostles%27_Creed" title="Apostles' Creed">Apostles' Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasian_Creed" title="Athanasian Creed">Athanasian Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Nicene Creed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_in_excelsis_Deo" title="Gloria in excelsis Deo">Gloria in excelsis Deo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Patri" title="Gloria Patri">Gloria Patri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrie" title="Kyrie">Kyrie eleison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Prayer" title="Lord's Prayer">Pater noster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctus" title="Sanctus">Sanctus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sign_of_the_cross" title="Sign of the cross">Signum crucis</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Infant_Samuel_at_Prayer_-_Sir_Joshua_Reynolds.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Infant Samuel at Prayer"><img alt="Infant Samuel at Prayer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/The_Infant_Samuel_at_Prayer_-_Sir_Joshua_Reynolds.png/90px-The_Infant_Samuel_at_Prayer_-_Sir_Joshua_Reynolds.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/The_Infant_Samuel_at_Prayer_-_Sir_Joshua_Reynolds.png/135px-The_Infant_Samuel_at_Prayer_-_Sir_Joshua_Reynolds.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/The_Infant_Samuel_at_Prayer_-_Sir_Joshua_Reynolds.png/180px-The_Infant_Samuel_at_Prayer_-_Sir_Joshua_Reynolds.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Marian_devotions" title="Marian devotions">Marian prayers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alma_Redemptoris_Mater" title="Alma Redemptoris Mater">Alma Redemptoris Mater</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Angelus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hail_Mary" title="Hail Mary">Ave Maria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ave_maris_stella" title="Ave maris stella">Ave maris stella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ave_Regina_caelorum" title="Ave Regina caelorum">Ave Regina caelorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1tima_prayers" title="Fátima prayers">Fátima prayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_litany" title="Marian litany">Litany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Litany_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary" title="Litany of the Blessed Virgin Mary">Loreto</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnificat" title="Magnificat">Magnificat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Mother_of_Grace" title="Mary, Mother of Grace">Maria mater gratiae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorare" title="Memorare">Memorare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regina_caeli" title="Regina caeli">Regina caeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosary" title="Rosary">Rosary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salve_Regina" title="Salve Regina">Salve Regina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub_tuum_praesidium" title="Sub tuum praesidium">Sub tuum praesidium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Hail_Marys" title="Three Hail Marys">Three Hail Marys</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;width:1%">Other Catholic prayers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Contrition" title="Act of Contrition">Act of Contrition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adoro_te_devote" title="Adoro te devote">Adoro te devote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angel_of_God" title="Angel of God">Angele Dei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anima_Christi" title="Anima Christi">Anima Christi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ave_verum_corpus" title="Ave verum corpus">Ave verum corpus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedictus_(Song_of_Zechariah)" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedictus (Song of Zechariah)">Benedictus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplet_(prayer)" title="Chaplet (prayer)">Chaplets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Come,_Holy_Spirit" title="Come, Holy Spirit">Come, Holy Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Praises" title="Divine Praises">Divine Praises (Laudes divinae)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_Prayer" title="Jesus Prayer">Jesus Prayer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mental_prayer" title="Mental prayer">Mental prayer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litany" title="Litany">Litanies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Litany_of_the_Saints" title="Litany of the Saints">Litany of the Saints</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morning_offering" title="Morning offering">Morning offering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novena" title="Novena">Novena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunc_dimittis" title="Nunc dimittis">Nunc dimittis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O_salutaris_hostia" title="O salutaris hostia">O salutaris hostia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penitential_Psalms" class="mw-redirect" title="Penitential Psalms">Penitential Psalms</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psalm_51" title="Psalm 51">51: Miserere mei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalm_130" title="Psalm 130">130: De profundis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_before_a_crucifix" title="Prayer before a crucifix">Prayer before a crucifix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_of_Saint_Francis" title="Prayer of Saint Francis">Prayer of Saint Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_to_Saint_Joseph" title="Prayer to Saint Joseph">Prayer to Saint Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_to_Saint_Michael" title="Prayer to Saint Michael">Prayer to Saint Michael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eternal_Rest" title="Eternal Rest">Requiem æternam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_Communion" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiritual Communion">Spiritual Communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantum_ergo" title="Tantum ergo">Tantum ergo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Te_Deum" title="Te Deum">Te Deum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanksgiving_after_Communion" title="Thanksgiving after Communion">Thanksgiving after Communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veni_Creator_Spiritus" title="Veni Creator Spiritus">Veni Creator Spiritus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veni_Sancte_Spiritus" title="Veni Sancte Spiritus">Veni Sancte Spiritus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_adoration" title="Eucharistic adoration">Visit to the Blessed Sacrament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stations_of_the_Cross" title="Stations of the Cross">Stations of the Cross</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" 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href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1366891/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1167813731">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n00087722">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb165218341">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb165218341">BnF data</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div 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