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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">外观</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%BF%81%E8%B4%9D%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E7%84%A6%E5%B0%94%E8%BE%BE%E8%AF%BA" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%BF%81%E8%B4%9D%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E7%84%A6%E5%B0%94%E8%BE%BE%E8%AF%BA" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%BF%81%E8%B4%9D%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E7%84%A6%E5%B0%94%E8%BE%BE%E8%AF%BA" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%BF%81%E8%B4%9D%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E7%84%A6%E5%B0%94%E8%BE%BE%E8%AF%BA" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-生平" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生平"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>生平</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-生平-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">翁贝托·焦尔达诺</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。38种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88" title="أومبرتو جيوردانو – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أومبرتو جيوردانو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88" title="اومبرتو جيوردانو – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اومبرتو جيوردانو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81%CF%84%CE%BF_%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%BF" title="Ουμπέρτο Τζορντάνο – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ουμπέρτο Τζορντάνο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88_%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88" title="امبرتو جیوردانو – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="امبرتو جیوردانو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%95_%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%95" title="אומברטו ג'ורדאנו – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אומברטו ג'ורדאנו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%B8_%D5%8B%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8" title="Ումբերտո Ջորդանո – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ումբերտո Ջորդանո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%AB%E3%83%80%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8E" title="ウンベルト・ジョルダーノ – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウンベルト・ジョルダーノ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%80%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%ED%86%A0_%EC%A1%B0%EB%A5%B4%EB%8B%A4%EB%85%B8" title="움베르토 조르다노 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="움베르토 조르다노" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humbertus_Giordano" title="Humbertus Giordano – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Humbertus Giordano" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE,_%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Джордано, Умберто – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Джордано, Умберто" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Giordano" title="Umberto Giordano – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Umberto Giordano" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Умберто Джордано – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Умберто Джордано" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q294826#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%81%E8%B4%9D%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E7%84%A6%E5%B0%94%E8%BE%BE%E8%AF%BA" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) 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.infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><span class="fn">翁贝托·焦尔达诺</span><br /><span class="nickname" style="font-size: smaller; font-weight: normal;">Umberto Giordano</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Umberto_Giordano_by_Gaetano_Esposito.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Umberto_Giordano_by_Gaetano_Esposito.jpg/220px-Umberto_Giordano_by_Gaetano_Esposito.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Umberto_Giordano_by_Gaetano_Esposito.jpg/330px-Umberto_Giordano_by_Gaetano_Esposito.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Umberto_Giordano_by_Gaetano_Esposito.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="500" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">《翁贝托·焦尔达诺》，肖像畫，1896年由<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="加埃塔諾·艾斯波西多" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gaetano Esposito"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%94%E8%AB%BE%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E6%96%AF%E6%B3%A2%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加埃塔諾·艾斯波西多（页面不存在）">加埃塔諾·艾斯波西多</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaetano_Esposito" class="extiw" title="en:Gaetano Esposito"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gaetano Esposito</span></a></span>）</span></span>繪製</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">出生</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1867-08-28</span>)</span>1867年8月28日<br /><span class="birthplace"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B_(1861%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941946%E5%B9%B4)" title="義大利王國 (1861年—1946年)">義大利王國</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E8%B3%88" title="福賈">福賈</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">逝世</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1948年11月12日<span style="display:none">(<span class="dday deathdate">1948歲—11—12</span>)</span>（81歲）<br /><span class="deathplace"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="義大利">義大利</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E8%98%AD" title="米蘭">米蘭</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">墓地</th><td class="infobox-data label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%85%B0%E7%BA%AA%E5%BF%B5%E5%A2%93%E5%9B%AD" title="米兰纪念墓园">米兰纪念墓园</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">知名作品</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">歌剧《安德烈·谢尼埃》《<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E6%9C%B5%E6%8B%89" title="费朵拉">费朵拉</a>》</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><span class="nowrap">所属时期</span><span class="nowrap">/乐派</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%AA%E6%BC%AB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" class="mw-redirect" title="浪漫主义音乐">浪漫主义</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B8%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82" title="二十世紀古典音樂">20世纪</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><span class="nowrap">擅长类型</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%8C%E5%89%A7" title="歌剧">歌剧</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>翁贝托·梅诺蒂·玛利亚·焦尔达诺</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="義大利語">義大利語</a>：<span lang="it">Umberto Menotti Maria Giordano</span>；1867年8月28日—1948年11月12日），意大利作曲家。 </p><p>焦尔乔达诺的整个创作时期，作品带有鲜明的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%9E%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="真实主义">真实主义</a>风格。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生平"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B3"></span>生平</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BF%81%E8%B4%9D%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E7%84%A6%E5%B0%94%E8%BE%BE%E8%AF%BA&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：生平"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>焦尔达诺出生于<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B_(1861%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8D1946%E5%B9%B4)" class="mw-redirect" title="義大利王國 (1861年－1946年)">意大利王國</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E8%B3%88" title="福賈">福贾</a>，他的父亲是一名<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%AF%E5%89%82%E5%B8%88" class="mw-redirect" title="药剂师">药剂师</a>，希望自己的儿子成为<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BB%E5%89%91" title="击剑">击剑</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E5%91%98" title="运动员">运动员</a>，但焦尔达诺的身上显示出的是<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" title="音乐">音乐</a>的天赋。不顾家庭的反对，乔达诺于1882年进入<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E4%B8%8D%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="那不勒斯音乐学院">那不勒斯音乐学院</a>，并在那里学习了七年。在校期间，他创作了第一部<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%8C%E5%89%A7" title="歌剧">歌剧</a>《Marina》，在出版商 Edoardo Sonzogno 举办的比赛中获得了第六名，焦尔达诺是所有参赛者中最年轻的一位作曲家，他后来与当时获得第一名的作曲家<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="马斯卡尼">马斯卡尼</a>成为了很好的朋友。随即，Sonzogno 委托作曲家写一部歌剧《Mala vita》（悲惨的生活），1892年2月在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="罗马市">罗马</a> Teatro Argentina 首演，因为这部歌剧冷酷的描述了一名<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E4%B8%8D%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF" title="那不勒斯">那不勒斯</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%93%E5%A5%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="妓女">妓女</a>的不幸的生活，所以遭到<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="意大利">意大利</a>观众的激烈的咒骂，但在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E4%B9%9F%E7%BA%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="维也纳">维也纳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97" title="柏林">柏林</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%A0%BC" title="布拉格">布拉格</a>却很受欢迎。1894年，焦尔达诺开始谱写他最著名的一部歌剧《安德烈·谢尼埃》（Andrea Chenier），1896年3月28日在<a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="米兰">米兰</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89%E5%89%A7%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="斯卡拉剧院">斯卡拉剧院</a>首演大获成功，之后便在世界各地盛演不衰。1903年后焦尔达诺的创作进入了低谷，他最后的作品是一部于1929年在米兰首演的独幕剧《Il re》。1948年11月，作曲家于米兰逝世。 </p> <div class="mw-heading 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style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/3359">挪威</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX969411">西班牙</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13894493q">法国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13894493q">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.bn.gov.ar/F/?func=direct&local_base=BNA10&doc_number=000031052">阿根廷</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058529000506706">加泰罗尼亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119264935">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Giordano, Umberto <1867-1948>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV023116">意大利</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007274974805171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000190359">芬兰</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14006883">比利时</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79107709">美国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/mkz25kr523nkx4s">瑞典</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000139120&P_CON_LNG=ENG">拉脱维亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00957134">日本</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jo20000075490&CON_LNG=ENG">捷克</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35806184">澳大利亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nlg.gr/resource/authority/record258634">希腊</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC199610143">韩国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000105792&local_base=nsk10">克罗地亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070774005">荷兰</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810687862305606">波兰</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/186389">葡萄牙</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/93178">梵蒂冈</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">学术</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA04487698?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">艺术家</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/e3d1c4a4-d64e-4afa-9fc7-264fb871d0e0">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="GIORDANO, Umberto"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/umberto-giordano_(Dizionario-Biografico)">意大利人</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd119264935.html?language=en">德意志传记</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1095797">Trove</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Giordano, Umberto"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plus.cobiss.net/cobiss/si/en/conor/18832995">CONOR</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/people/40200531">RISM</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a 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