CINXE.COM

Book Bans - PEN America

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"NRJS-67a19b13b1208ee00aa",applicationID:"511463069"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.286.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{fn:()=>s,x1:()=>c});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=function(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},5217:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{gD:()=>h,xN:()=>m});r(860).K7.genericEvents;const n="experimental.marks",i="experimental.measures",o="experimental.resources",a=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var s=r(2614),c=r(944),u=r(384),d=r(8122);const l="[data-nr-mask]",f=()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{marks:!1,measures:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},harvest:{interval:30},jserrors:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},performance:{get capture_marks(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n)||e.experimental.marks},set capture_marks(t){e.experimental.marks=t},get capture_measures(){return e.feature_flags.includes(i)||e.experimental.measures},set capture_measures(t){e.experimental.measures=t},capture_detail:!0,resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(o)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:s.wk,inactiveMs:s.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){a(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(l):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=l:(0,c.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){a(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,c.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,c.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0,elementAttributes:["id","className","tagName","type"]}}},g={},p="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function m(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(p);g[e]=(0,d.a)(t,f());const r=(0,u.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=g[e])}function h(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(p);var r=function(e){if(!e)throw new Error(p);if(!g[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return g[e]}(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0,harvester:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.286.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>d,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,d=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},3241:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(6154);const i="newrelic";function o(e={}){try{n.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(i,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=m(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:h,listeners:m,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=m(e).concat(t)}function m(e){return n[e]||[]}function h(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5701:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{B:()=>a,t:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(3241);const o=new Set,a={};function s(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);a[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(o.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),a[t]=e,o.add(t),(0,i.W)({agentIdentifier:t,loaded:!0,drained:!0,type:"lifecycle",name:"load",feature:void 0,data:e})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A$:()=>o,ET:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o={OFF:0,ERROR:1,WARN:2,INFO:3,DEBUG:4,TRACE:5},a="log";n.K7.logging},8154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{z_:()=>o,XG:()=>s,TZ:()=>n,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a});r(6154),r(9566),r(384);const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(2614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>V});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(9908),a=r(1687),s=r(5289),c=r(6154),u=r(944),d=r(8154),l=r(384),f=r(6344);const g=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","recordCustomEvent","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",f.G4.RECORD,f.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],p=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var m=r(1863),h=r(2614),v=r(993);var b=r(7836),y=r(2646),w=r(3434);const R=new Map;function A(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,u.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||b.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,w.YM)(i),a=new y.y(b.P);a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes;const s=t[r]?.[w.Jt]||t[r];return R.set(s,a),o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",(()=>R.get(s))),i}var E=r(3241),_=r(5701);function x(){const e=(0,l.pV)();g.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.runtime?e.exposed&&e[t]&&"micro-agent"!==e.runtime.loaderType&&n.push(e[t](...r)):(0,u.R)(38,t)})),n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const N={};function I(e,t){t||(0,a.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,"api");const l=e.ee.get("tracer");N[e.agentIdentifier]=h.g.OFF,e.ee.on(f.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{N[e.agentIdentifier]=t}));const g="api-",b=g+"ixn-";function y(t,r,n,o){const a=e.info;return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),x(g,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function w(){}e.log=function(t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=v.p_.INFO}={}){(0,o.p)(d.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e.ee),function(e,t,r={},i=v.p_.INFO){(0,o.p)(d.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,o.p)(v.ET,[(0,m.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(e.ee,t,r,i)},e.wrapLogger=(t,r,{customAttributes:i={},level:a=v.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,o.p)(d.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e.ee),A(e.ee,t,r,{customAttributes:i,level:a})},p.forEach((t=>{e[t]=x(g,t,!0,"api")})),e.addPageAction=x(g,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),e.recordCustomEvent=x(g,"recordCustomEvent",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),e.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),e.runtime.customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,x(g,"setPageViewName",!0)()},e.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return y(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,u.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,u.R)(39,typeof e)},e.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return y("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,u.R)(41,typeof e)},e.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return y("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,u.R)(42,typeof e)},e.start=()=>{try{(0,o.p)(d.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e.ee),e.ee.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,u.R)(23,e)}},e[f.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,o.p)(d.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e.ee),(0,o.p)(f.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,e.ee)},e[f.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,o.p)(d.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e.ee),(0,o.p)(f.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,e.ee)},e.interaction=function(e){return(new w).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const R=w.prototype={createTracer:function(t,r){var i={},a=this,s="function"==typeof r;return(0,o.p)(d.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e.ee),e.runSoftNavOverSpa||(0,o.p)(b+"tracer",[(0,m.t)(),t,i],a,n.K7.spa,e.ee),function(){if(l.emit((s?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,m.t)(),a,s],i),s)try{return r.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw l.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],i),t}finally{l.emit("fn-end",[(0,m.t)()],i)}}}};function x(t,r,i,a){return function(){return(0,o.p)(d.xV,["API/"+r+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e.ee),(0,E.W)({agentIdentifier:e.agentIdentifier,drained:!!_.B?.[e.agentIdentifier],type:"data",name:"api",feature:t+r,data:{notSpa:i,bufferGroup:a}}),a&&(0,o.p)(t+r,[i?(0,m.t)():performance.now(),...arguments],i?null:this,a,e.ee),i?void 0:this}}function I(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAsyncAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,a.Ze)(e.agentIdentifier,"api")})).catch((t=>{(0,u.R)(27,t),e.ee.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((t=>{R[t]=x(b,t,void 0,e.runSoftNavOverSpa?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),e.setCurrentRouteName=e.runSoftNavOverSpa?x(b,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):x(g,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),e.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,o.p)(d.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e.ee),(0,o.p)("err",[t,(0,m.t)(),!1,r,!!N[e.agentIdentifier]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,e.ee)},c.RI?(0,s.GG)((()=>I()),!0):I(),!0}var k=r(5217),S=r(8122);const T={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},O={};var j=r(3371);const P=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e},K=new Set;function V(e,t={},r,n){let{init:o,info:a,loader_config:s,runtime:u={},exposed:d=!0}=t;u.loaderType=r;const f=(0,l.pV)();a||(o=f.init,a=f.info,s=f.loader_config),(0,k.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,o||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");O[e]=(0,S.a)(t,T);const r=(0,l.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=O[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,s||{}),a.jsAttributes??={},c.bv&&(a.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,a);const g=e.init,p=[a.beacon,a.errorBeacon];K.has(e.agentIdentifier)||(g.proxy.assets&&(P(g.proxy.assets),p.push(g.proxy.assets)),g.proxy.beacon&&p.push(g.proxy.beacon),x(),(0,l.US)("activatedFeatures",_.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===g.soft_navigations.enabled&&g.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),u.denyList=[...g.ajax.deny_list||[],...g.ajax.block_internal?p:[]],u.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,j.V)(e.agentIdentifier,u),K.has(e.agentIdentifier)||(e.ee=b.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),e.exposed=d,I(e,n),(0,E.W)({agentIdentifier:e.agentIdentifier,drained:!!_.B?.[e.agentIdentifier],type:"lifecycle",name:"initialize",feature:void 0,data:e.config})),K.add(e.agentIdentifier)}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>d,K7:()=>c,P3:()=>u,XX:()=>i,Yy:()=>s,df:()=>o,qY:()=>n,v4:()=>a});const n="events",i="jserrors",o="browser/blobs",a="rum",s="browser/logs",c={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:i,logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},u={[c.pageViewEvent]:1,[c.pageViewTiming]:2,[c.metrics]:3,[c.jserrors]:4,[c.spa]:5,[c.ajax]:6,[c.sessionTrace]:7,[c.softNav]:8,[c.sessionReplay]:9,[c.logging]:10,[c.genericEvents]:11},d={[c.pageViewEvent]:a,[c.pageViewTiming]:n,[c.ajax]:n,[c.spa]:n,[c.softNav]:n,[c.metrics]:i,[c.jserrors]:i,[c.sessionTrace]:o,[c.sessionReplay]:o,[c.logging]:s,[c.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.286.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.286.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-+MkNp41sKZ0iYMHsept2X5HfDqyTLnDR9rprfuuxTRn6FVcYOei0L1PleWwmSuU2wrJDnMXcNYjTfSPQ3xYU/w=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={374:0,840:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.286.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.286.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(){this.agentIdentifier=(0,r.LA)(16)}#e(t,...r){if(this[t]!==n.prototype[t])return this[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e("recordCustomEvent",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if(this[t]!==o.prototype[t]&&this[t]!==n.prototype[t])return this[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(5217);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(7603);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),g=i(5289),p=i(6154),m=i(384);const h=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function v(e){return!!(0,m.dV)().o.MO&&h(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(6389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(h(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,3861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),t.runtime.harvester.initializedAggregates.push(this.featAggregate),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return v(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(6630);class R extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var A=i(9908),E=i(2843),_=i(3878),x=i(782),N=i(1863);class I extends y{static featureName=x.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,x.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,A.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,_.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,A.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var k=i(8154);class S extends y{static featureName=k.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,k.TZ,t),p.RI&&document.addEventListener("securitypolicyviolation",(e=>{(0,A.p)(k.xV,["Generic/CSPViolation/Detected"],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t){super(),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,m.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(R),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}get api(){return this}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,m.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[R,I,S],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style> <!-- Google Tag Manager for WordPress by gtm4wp.com --> <script data-cfasync="false" data-pagespeed-no-defer> var gtm4wp_datalayer_name = "dataLayer"; var dataLayer = dataLayer || []; </script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager for WordPress by gtm4wp.com --> <link rel="preload" href="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/logo.svg" as="image"> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.8 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>Book Bans - PEN America</title> <meta name="description" content="PEN America found more than 10,000 book bans in the 2023-2024 school year, more than double the banned books in the previous year." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://pen.org/book-bans/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Book Bans - PEN America" /> <meta property="og:description" content="PEN America found more than 10,000 book bans in the 2023-2024 school year, more than double the banned books in the previous year." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://pen.org/book-bans/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="PEN America" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/PENamerica/" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2025-03-04T15:44:05+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Banned-Book-Report-header-Sept-02-V131-jpg.webp" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1920" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1000" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@PENamerica" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="3 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://pen.org/book-bans/","url":"https://pen.org/book-bans/","name":"Book Bans - PEN America","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://pen.org/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://pen.org/book-bans/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://pen.org/book-bans/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Banned-Book-Report-header-Sept-02-V131-jpg.webp","datePublished":"2025-02-03T19:23:03+00:00","dateModified":"2025-03-04T15:44:05+00:00","description":"PEN America found more than 10,000 book bans in the 2023-2024 school year, more than double the banned books in the previous year.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://pen.org/book-bans/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://pen.org/book-bans/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://pen.org/book-bans/#primaryimage","url":"https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Banned-Book-Report-header-Sept-02-V131-jpg.webp","contentUrl":"https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Banned-Book-Report-header-Sept-02-V131-jpg.webp","width":1920,"height":1000,"caption":"books with redacted titles"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://pen.org/book-bans/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://pen.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Book Bans"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://pen.org/#website","url":"https://pen.org/","name":"PEN America","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https://pen.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://pen.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://pen.org/#organization","name":"PEN America","url":"https://pen.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://pen.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/cropped-PEN-Logo-Featured-Image.png","contentUrl":"https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/cropped-PEN-Logo-Featured-Image.png","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"PEN America"},"image":{"@id":"https://pen.org/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/PENamerica/","https://x.com/PENamerica","https://www.instagram.com/penamerica/","https://www.youtube.com/penamericancenter"]}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. --> <title>Book Bans - PEN America</title> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//pen.org' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="PEN America &raquo; Feed" href="https://pen.org/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="PEN America &raquo; Comments Feed" href="https://pen.org/comments/feed/" /> <style id='wp-block-site-logo-inline-css'> .wp-block-site-logo{box-sizing:border-box;line-height:0}.wp-block-site-logo a{display:inline-block;line-height:0}.wp-block-site-logo.is-default-size img{height:auto;width:120px}.wp-block-site-logo img{height:auto;max-width:100%}.wp-block-site-logo a,.wp-block-site-logo img{border-radius:inherit}.wp-block-site-logo.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;text-align:center}:root :where(.wp-block-site-logo.is-style-rounded){border-radius:9999px} </style> <style id='wp-block-paragraph-inline-css'> .is-small-text{font-size:.875em}.is-regular-text{font-size:1em}.is-large-text{font-size:2.25em}.is-larger-text{font-size:3em}.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:left;font-size:8.4em;font-style:normal;font-weight:100;line-height:.68;margin:.05em .1em 0 0;text-transform:uppercase}body.rtl .has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:none;margin-left:.1em}p.has-drop-cap.has-background{overflow:hidden}:root :where(p.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(p.has-text-color:not(.has-link-color)) a{color:inherit}p.has-text-align-left[style*="writing-mode:vertical-lr"],p.has-text-align-right[style*="writing-mode:vertical-rl"]{rotate:180deg} </style> <style id='wp-block-group-inline-css'> .wp-block-group{box-sizing:border-box}:where(.wp-block-group.wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained){position:relative} </style> <style id='wp-block-columns-inline-css'> .wp-block-columns{align-items:normal!important;box-sizing:border-box;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap!important}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-columns{flex-wrap:nowrap!important}}.wp-block-columns.are-vertically-aligned-top{align-items:flex-start}.wp-block-columns.are-vertically-aligned-center{align-items:center}.wp-block-columns.are-vertically-aligned-bottom{align-items:flex-end}@media (max-width:781px){.wp-block-columns:not(.is-not-stacked-on-mobile)>.wp-block-column{flex-basis:100%!important}}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-columns:not(.is-not-stacked-on-mobile)>.wp-block-column{flex-basis:0;flex-grow:1}.wp-block-columns:not(.is-not-stacked-on-mobile)>.wp-block-column[style*=flex-basis]{flex-grow:0}}.wp-block-columns.is-not-stacked-on-mobile{flex-wrap:nowrap!important}.wp-block-columns.is-not-stacked-on-mobile>.wp-block-column{flex-basis:0;flex-grow:1}.wp-block-columns.is-not-stacked-on-mobile>.wp-block-column[style*=flex-basis]{flex-grow:0}:where(.wp-block-columns){margin-bottom:1.75em}:where(.wp-block-columns.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-column{flex-grow:1;min-width:0;overflow-wrap:break-word;word-break:break-word}.wp-block-column.is-vertically-aligned-top{align-self:flex-start}.wp-block-column.is-vertically-aligned-center{align-self:center}.wp-block-column.is-vertically-aligned-bottom{align-self:flex-end}.wp-block-column.is-vertically-aligned-stretch{align-self:stretch}.wp-block-column.is-vertically-aligned-bottom,.wp-block-column.is-vertically-aligned-center,.wp-block-column.is-vertically-aligned-top{width:100%} </style> <style id='wp-block-search-inline-css'> .wp-block-search__button{margin-left:10px;word-break:normal}.wp-block-search__button.has-icon{line-height:0}.wp-block-search__button svg{height:1.25em;min-height:24px;min-width:24px;width:1.25em;fill:currentColor;vertical-align:text-bottom}:where(.wp-block-search__button){border:1px solid #ccc;padding:6px 10px}.wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{display:flex;flex:auto;flex-wrap:nowrap;max-width:100%}.wp-block-search__label{width:100%}.wp-block-search__input{appearance:none;border:1px solid #949494;flex-grow:1;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;min-width:3rem;padding:8px;text-decoration:unset!important}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__button{flex-shrink:0;margin-left:0;max-width:100%}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__button[aria-expanded=true]{max-width:calc(100% - 100px)}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{min-width:0!important;transition-property:width}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__input{flex-basis:100%;transition-duration:.3s}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only.wp-block-search__searchfield-hidden,.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only.wp-block-search__searchfield-hidden .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{overflow:hidden}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only.wp-block-search__searchfield-hidden .wp-block-search__input{border-left-width:0!important;border-right-width:0!important;flex-basis:0;flex-grow:0;margin:0;min-width:0!important;padding-left:0!important;padding-right:0!important;width:0!important}:where(.wp-block-search__input){font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;line-height:inherit;text-transform:inherit}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper){border:1px solid #949494;box-sizing:border-box;padding:4px}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) .wp-block-search__input{border:none;border-radius:0;padding:0 4px}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) .wp-block-search__input:focus{outline:none}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) :where(.wp-block-search__button){padding:4px 8px}.wp-block-search.aligncenter .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{margin:auto}.wp-block[data-align=right] .wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{float:right} </style> <style id='wp-block-post-title-inline-css'> .wp-block-post-title{box-sizing:border-box;word-break:break-word}.wp-block-post-title :where(a){display:inline-block;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;line-height:inherit;text-decoration:inherit} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-image-css' href='https://pen.org/wp-includes/blocks/image/style.min.css?ver=6.7.2' media='all' /> <style id='wp-block-heading-inline-css'> h1.has-background,h2.has-background,h3.has-background,h4.has-background,h5.has-background,h6.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em}h1.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h1.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]),h2.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h2.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]),h3.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h3.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]),h4.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h4.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]),h5.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h5.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]),h6.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h6.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]){rotate:180deg} </style> <style id='wp-block-media-text-inline-css'> .wp-block-media-text{box-sizing:border-box; /*!rtl:begin:ignore*/direction:ltr; /*!rtl:end:ignore*/display:grid;grid-template-columns:50% 1fr;grid-template-rows:auto}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right{grid-template-columns:1fr 50%}.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-top>.wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-top>.wp-block-media-text__media{align-self:start}.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-center>.wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-center>.wp-block-media-text__media,.wp-block-media-text>.wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text>.wp-block-media-text__media{align-self:center}.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-bottom>.wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-bottom>.wp-block-media-text__media{align-self:end}.wp-block-media-text>.wp-block-media-text__media{ /*!rtl:begin:ignore*/grid-column:1;grid-row:1; /*!rtl:end:ignore*/margin:0}.wp-block-media-text>.wp-block-media-text__content{direction:ltr; /*!rtl:begin:ignore*/grid-column:2;grid-row:1; /*!rtl:end:ignore*/padding:0 8%;word-break:break-word}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right>.wp-block-media-text__media{ /*!rtl:begin:ignore*/grid-column:2;grid-row:1 /*!rtl:end:ignore*/}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right>.wp-block-media-text__content{ /*!rtl:begin:ignore*/grid-column:1;grid-row:1 /*!rtl:end:ignore*/}.wp-block-media-text__media a{display:inline-block}.wp-block-media-text__media img,.wp-block-media-text__media video{height:auto;max-width:unset;vertical-align:middle;width:100%}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill>.wp-block-media-text__media{background-size:cover;height:100%;min-height:250px}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill>.wp-block-media-text__media>a{display:block;height:100%}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill>.wp-block-media-text__media img{height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);border:0}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill-element>.wp-block-media-text__media{height:100%;min-height:250px;position:relative}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill-element>.wp-block-media-text__media>a{display:block;height:100%}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill-element>.wp-block-media-text__media img{height:100%;object-fit:cover;position:absolute;width:100%}@media (max-width:600px){.wp-block-media-text.is-stacked-on-mobile{grid-template-columns:100%!important}.wp-block-media-text.is-stacked-on-mobile>.wp-block-media-text__media{grid-column:1;grid-row:1}.wp-block-media-text.is-stacked-on-mobile>.wp-block-media-text__content{grid-column:1;grid-row:2}} </style> <style id='wp-block-separator-inline-css'> @charset "UTF-8";.wp-block-separator{border:none;border-top:2px solid}:root :where(.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots){height:auto;line-height:1;text-align:center}:root :where(.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots):before{color:currentColor;content:"···";font-family:serif;font-size:1.5em;letter-spacing:2em;padding-left:2em}.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots{background:none!important;border:none!important} </style> <style id='wp-block-embed-inline-css'> .wp-block-embed.alignleft,.wp-block-embed.alignright,.wp-block[data-align=left]>[data-type="core/embed"],.wp-block[data-align=right]>[data-type="core/embed"]{max-width:360px;width:100%}.wp-block-embed.alignleft .wp-block-embed__wrapper,.wp-block-embed.alignright .wp-block-embed__wrapper,.wp-block[data-align=left]>[data-type="core/embed"] .wp-block-embed__wrapper,.wp-block[data-align=right]>[data-type="core/embed"] .wp-block-embed__wrapper{min-width:280px}.wp-block-cover .wp-block-embed{min-height:240px;min-width:320px}.wp-block-embed{overflow-wrap:break-word}.wp-block-embed :where(figcaption){margin-bottom:1em;margin-top:.5em}.wp-block-embed iframe{max-width:100%}.wp-block-embed__wrapper{position:relative}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-has-aspect-ratio .wp-block-embed__wrapper:before{content:"";display:block;padding-top:50%}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-has-aspect-ratio iframe{bottom:0;height:100%;left:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;width:100%}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-embed-aspect-21-9 .wp-block-embed__wrapper:before{padding-top:42.85%}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-embed-aspect-18-9 .wp-block-embed__wrapper:before{padding-top:50%}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-embed-aspect-16-9 .wp-block-embed__wrapper:before{padding-top:56.25%}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-embed-aspect-4-3 .wp-block-embed__wrapper:before{padding-top:75%}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-embed-aspect-1-1 .wp-block-embed__wrapper:before{padding-top:100%}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-embed-aspect-9-16 .wp-block-embed__wrapper:before{padding-top:177.77%}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-embed-aspect-1-2 .wp-block-embed__wrapper:before{padding-top:200%} </style> <style id='wp-block-post-featured-image-inline-css'> .wp-block-post-featured-image{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}.wp-block-post-featured-image a{display:block;height:100%}.wp-block-post-featured-image :where(img){box-sizing:border-box;height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom;width:100%}.wp-block-post-featured-image.alignfull img,.wp-block-post-featured-image.alignwide img{width:100%}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim{background-color:#000;inset:0;position:absolute}.wp-block-post-featured-image{position:relative}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-gradient{background-color:initial}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-0{opacity:0}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-10{opacity:.1}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-20{opacity:.2}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-30{opacity:.3}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-40{opacity:.4}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-50{opacity:.5}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-60{opacity:.6}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-70{opacity:.7}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-80{opacity:.8}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-90{opacity:.9}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-100{opacity:1}.wp-block-post-featured-image:where(.alignleft,.alignright){width:100%} </style> <style id='wp-block-post-template-inline-css'> .wp-block-post-template{list-style:none;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;max-width:100%;padding:0}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1.25em}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container>li{margin:0;width:100%}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-2>li{width:calc(50% - .625em)}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-3>li{width:calc(33.33333% - .83333em)}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-4>li{width:calc(25% - .9375em)}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-5>li{width:calc(20% - 1em)}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-6>li{width:calc(16.66667% - 1.04167em)}}@media (max-width:600px){.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-constrained>li>.alignright,.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-flow>li>.alignright{float:right;margin-inline-end:0;margin-inline-start:2em}.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-constrained>li>.alignleft,.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-flow>li>.alignleft{float:left;margin-inline-end:2em;margin-inline-start:0}.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-constrained>li>.aligncenter,.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-flow>li>.aligncenter{margin-inline-end:auto;margin-inline-start:auto} </style> <style id='wp-block-post-date-inline-css'> .wp-block-post-date{box-sizing:border-box} </style> <style id='wp-block-quote-inline-css'> .wp-block-quote{box-sizing:border-box;overflow-wrap:break-word}.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)),.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)){margin-bottom:1em;padding:0 1em}.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) p,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) p{font-size:1.5em;font-style:italic;line-height:1.6}.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) cite,.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) footer,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) cite,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) footer{font-size:1.125em;text-align:right}.wp-block-quote>cite{display:block} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-cover-css' href='https://pen.org/wp-includes/blocks/cover/style.min.css?ver=6.7.2' media='all' /> <style id='wp-block-post-content-inline-css'> .wp-block-post-content{display:flow-root} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-social-links-css' href='https://pen.org/wp-includes/blocks/social-links/style.min.css?ver=6.7.2' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://pen.org/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/common.min.css?ver=6.7.2' media='all' /> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: var(--pen-color-black);--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: var(--pen-color-white);--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--purple: var(--pen-color-purple-light);--wp--preset--color--purple-medium: var(--pen-color-purple-med);--wp--preset--color--purple-dark: var(--pen-color-purple-dark);--wp--preset--color--red: var(--pen-color-red);--wp--preset--color--grey-light: var(--pen-color-gray-light);--wp--preset--color--grey-medium: var(--pen-color-gray-med);--wp--preset--color--grey-dark: var(--pen-color-gray-dark);--wp--preset--color--blue: var(--pen-color-primary);--wp--preset--color--orange: var(--pen-color-orange);--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--font-size--body-small: var(--pen-font-size-6);--wp--preset--font-size--body: var(--pen-font-size-5);--wp--preset--font-size--body-large: var(--pen-font-size-4);--wp--preset--font-size--body-extra-large: var(--pen-font-size-display-2);--wp--preset--font-size--heading-3: var(--pen-font-size-3);--wp--preset--font-size--heading-2: var(--pen-font-size-2);--wp--preset--font-size--heading-1: var(--pen-font-size-1);--wp--preset--font-family--body: var(--pen-font-family-base);--wp--preset--font-family--heading: var(--pen-font-family-bold);--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--spacing--10-small: var(--pen-block-element-small-gap);--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard: var(--pen-block-element-standard-gap);--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium: var(--pen-block-element-medium-gap);--wp--preset--spacing--40-large: var(--pen-block-element-large-gap);--wp--preset--spacing--50-section: var(--pen-container-horizontal-gap);--wp--preset--spacing--80-section: var(--pen-container-extra-large);--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--custom--color--background: var(--wp--preset--color--white);--wp--custom--color--border: var(--wp--preset--color--grey-dark);--wp--custom--color--button: var(--wp--preset--color--blue);--wp--custom--color--button-secondary: var(--wp--preset--color--grey-light);--wp--custom--color--button-text: var(--wp--preset--color--snow);--wp--custom--color--text-inverted: var(--wp--preset--color--white);--wp--custom--color--text-standard: var(--wp--preset--color--black);--wp--custom--color--text-purple: var(--wp--preset--color--purple);--wp--custom--color--text-purple-dark: var(--wp--preset--color--purple-dark);--wp--custom--color--text-red: var(--wp--preset--color--red);--wp--custom--color--text-blue: var(--wp--preset--color--blue);--wp--custom--font-families--body: var(--pen-font-family-base);--wp--custom--font-families--heading: var(--pen-font-family-bold);--wp--custom--line-height--body: var(--pen-line-height-base);--wp--custom--line-height--heading: var(--pen-heading-line-height);--wp--custom--spacing--body-padding: var(--pen-global-padding-gap);}.wp-block-heading{--wp--preset--color--standard: var(--wp--custom--color--text-standard);--wp--preset--color--inverted: var(--wp--custom--color--text-inverted);--wp--preset--color--purple-dark: var(--wp--custom--color--text-purple-dark);--wp--preset--color--blue: var(--wp--custom--color--text-blue);--wp--preset--color--red: var(--wp--custom--color--text-red);}p{--wp--preset--color--standard: var(--wp--custom--color--text-standard);--wp--preset--color--inverted: var(--wp--custom--color--text-inverted);--wp--preset--color--purple: var(--wp--custom--color--text-purple);--wp--preset--color--purple-dark: var(--wp--custom--color--text-purple-dark);--wp--preset--color--blue: var(--wp--custom--color--text-blue);--wp--preset--color--red: var(--wp--custom--color--text-red);}.wp-block-post-title{--wp--preset--color--standard: var(--wp--custom--color--text-standard);--wp--preset--color--inverted: var(--wp--custom--color--text-inverted);--wp--preset--color--purple-dark: var(--wp--custom--color--text-purple-dark);--wp--preset--color--blue: var(--wp--custom--color--text-blue);--wp--preset--color--red: var(--wp--custom--color--text-red);}:root { --wp--style--global--content-size: var(--pen-max-container-width-padded);--wp--style--global--wide-size: var(--pen-wide-width-padded); }:where(body) { margin: 0; }.wp-site-blocks { padding-top: var(--wp--style--root--padding-top); padding-bottom: var(--wp--style--root--padding-bottom); }.has-global-padding { padding-right: var(--wp--style--root--padding-right); padding-left: var(--wp--style--root--padding-left); }.has-global-padding > .alignfull { margin-right: calc(var(--wp--style--root--padding-right) * -1); margin-left: calc(var(--wp--style--root--padding-left) * -1); }.has-global-padding :where(:not(.alignfull.is-layout-flow) > .has-global-padding:not(.wp-block-block, .alignfull)) { padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; }.has-global-padding :where(:not(.alignfull.is-layout-flow) > .has-global-padding:not(.wp-block-block, .alignfull)) > .alignfull { margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignleft { float: left; margin-right: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignright { float: right; margin-left: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .aligncenter { justify-content: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > * { margin-block-start: var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section); margin-block-end: 0; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :first-child { margin-block-start: 0; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :last-child { margin-block-end: 0; }:root { --wp--style--block-gap: var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section); }:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > *{margin-block-start: var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > *{margin-block-start: var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flex){gap: var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);}:root :where(.is-layout-grid){gap: var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);}.is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body{background-color: var(--wp--custom--color--background);color: var(--wp--custom--color--text-standard);font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--body);margin-top: 0;margin-right: 0;margin-bottom: 0;margin-left: 0;--wp--style--root--padding-top: 0;--wp--style--root--padding-right: var(--pen-global-padding-gap);--wp--style--root--padding-bottom: 0;--wp--style--root--padding-left: var(--pen-global-padding-gap);}a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){text-decoration: underline;}h1{font-family: var(--wp--custom--font-families--heading);font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--heading-1);line-height: var(--wp--custom--line-height--heading);}h2{font-family: var(--wp--custom--font-families--heading);font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--heading-2);line-height: var(--wp--custom--line-height--heading);}h3{font-family: var(--wp--custom--font-families--heading);font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--heading-3);line-height: var(--wp--custom--line-height--heading);}h4{font-family: var(--wp--custom--font-families--heading);font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--body-large);line-height: var(--wp--custom--line-height--heading);}h5{font-family: var(--wp--custom--font-families--heading);font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--body);line-height: var(--wp--custom--line-height--heading);}h6{font-family: var(--wp--custom--font-families--heading);font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--body-small);line-height: var(--wp--custom--line-height--heading);}:root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link){background-color: #32373c;border-width: 0;color: #fff;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding: calc(0.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration: none;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple) !important;}.has-purple-medium-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple-medium) !important;}.has-purple-dark-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple-dark) !important;}.has-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--red) !important;}.has-grey-light-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--grey-light) !important;}.has-grey-medium-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--grey-medium) !important;}.has-grey-dark-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--grey-dark) !important;}.has-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--blue) !important;}.has-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--orange) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple) !important;}.has-purple-medium-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple-medium) !important;}.has-purple-dark-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple-dark) !important;}.has-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--red) !important;}.has-grey-light-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--grey-light) !important;}.has-grey-medium-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--grey-medium) !important;}.has-grey-dark-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--grey-dark) !important;}.has-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--blue) !important;}.has-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--orange) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple) !important;}.has-purple-medium-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple-medium) !important;}.has-purple-dark-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple-dark) !important;}.has-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--red) !important;}.has-grey-light-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--grey-light) !important;}.has-grey-medium-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--grey-medium) !important;}.has-grey-dark-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--grey-dark) !important;}.has-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--blue) !important;}.has-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--orange) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}.has-body-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--body-small) !important;}.has-body-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--body) !important;}.has-body-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--body-large) !important;}.has-body-extra-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--body-extra-large) !important;}.has-heading-3-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--heading-3) !important;}.has-heading-2-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--heading-2) !important;}.has-heading-1-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--heading-1) !important;}.has-body-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--body) !important;}.has-heading-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--heading) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-standard-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--standard) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-inverted-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--inverted) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-purple-dark-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple-dark) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--blue) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--red) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-standard-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--standard) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-inverted-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--inverted) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-purple-dark-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple-dark) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--blue) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--red) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-standard-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--standard) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-inverted-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--inverted) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-purple-dark-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple-dark) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--blue) !important;}.wp-block-heading.has-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--red) !important;}p.has-standard-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--standard) !important;}p.has-inverted-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--inverted) !important;}p.has-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple) !important;}p.has-purple-dark-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple-dark) !important;}p.has-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--blue) !important;}p.has-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--red) !important;}p.has-standard-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--standard) !important;}p.has-inverted-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--inverted) !important;}p.has-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple) !important;}p.has-purple-dark-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple-dark) !important;}p.has-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--blue) !important;}p.has-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--red) !important;}p.has-standard-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--standard) !important;}p.has-inverted-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--inverted) !important;}p.has-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple) !important;}p.has-purple-dark-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple-dark) !important;}p.has-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--blue) !important;}p.has-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--red) !important;}.wp-block-post-title.has-standard-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--standard) !important;}.wp-block-post-title.has-inverted-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--inverted) !important;}.wp-block-post-title.has-purple-dark-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple-dark) !important;}.wp-block-post-title.has-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--blue) !important;}.wp-block-post-title.has-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--red) !important;}.wp-block-post-title.has-standard-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--standard) !important;}.wp-block-post-title.has-inverted-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--inverted) !important;}.wp-block-post-title.has-purple-dark-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple-dark) !important;}.wp-block-post-title.has-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--blue) !important;}.wp-block-post-title.has-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--red) !important;}.wp-block-post-title.has-standard-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--standard) !important;}.wp-block-post-title.has-inverted-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--inverted) !important;}.wp-block-post-title.has-purple-dark-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--purple-dark) !important;}.wp-block-post-title.has-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--blue) !important;}.wp-block-post-title.has-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--red) !important;} :root :where(.wp-block-group){padding-top: var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);padding-right: var(--pen-global-padding-gap);padding-bottom: var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);padding-left: var(--pen-global-padding-gap);}:root :where(.wp-block-group-is-layout-flow) > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}:root :where(.wp-block-group-is-layout-flow) > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.wp-block-group-is-layout-flow) > *{margin-block-start: var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained) > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}:root :where(.wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained) > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained) > *{margin-block-start: var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.wp-block-group-is-layout-flex){gap: var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);}:root :where(.wp-block-group-is-layout-grid){gap: var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);} :root :where(.wp-block-heading){color: inherit;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: var(--pen-block-element-margin-bottom);} :root :where(.wp-block-post-title){color: inherit;font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--heading-1);margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: var(--pen-block-element-margin-bottom);} :root :where(p){font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--body);line-height: var(--wp--custom--line-height--body);margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: var(--pen-block-element-margin-bottom);} :root :where(.wp-block-media-text){row-gap: var(--pen-block-element-margin-bottom);} :root :where(.wp-block-separator){background-color: var(--wp--custom--color--border);color: var(--wp--custom--color--border);} :root :where(.wp-block-pen-america-hero){background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black);color: var(--wp--preset--color--white);padding-top: clamp(var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section), 7vw, var(--pen-hero-padding-top));padding-right: var(--pen-global-padding-gap);padding-bottom: clamp(var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section), 7vw, var(--pen-hero-padding-bottom));padding-left: var(--pen-global-padding-gap);} </style> <style id='core-block-supports-inline-css'> .wp-elements-cfa128994d3ad76bf9c1edc5c4580f8c a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--white);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2 > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width:45px;margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2 > .alignwide{max-width:45px;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2 .alignfull{max-width:none;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(0px * -1);margin-left:calc(0px * -1);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-3{flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:space-between;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-4 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(0px * -1);margin-left:calc(0px * -1);}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:0 0;}.wp-container-pen-america-hero-is-layout-1 > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width:100%;margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;}.wp-container-pen-america-hero-is-layout-1 > .alignwide{max-width:100%;}.wp-container-pen-america-hero-is-layout-1 .alignfull{max-width:none;}.wp-container-pen-america-hero-is-layout-1 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section) * -1);margin-left:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section) * -1);}.wp-elements-24c5e1697118c6a121a17d4953c4032c a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--red);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-9{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:0;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;}.wp-elements-85d73722ffcc202ca4b174f3fa796270 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--red);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-10{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:0;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-end;}.wp-container-pen-america-buttons-is-layout-3 > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){margin-right:0 !important;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-11 > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width:95%;margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-11 > .alignwide{max-width:100%;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-11 .alignfull{max-width:none;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-11 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small) * -1);margin-left:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small) * -1);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-11 > *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-11 > * + *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-elements-060b8b23a9607c764eed8a5468294c24 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--white);}.wp-container-core-column-is-layout-6 > *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-column-is-layout-6 > * + *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-column-is-layout-7 > *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-column-is-layout-7 > * + *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-column-is-layout-8 > *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-column-is-layout-8 > * + *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:2em var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-12{gap:0;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:center;}.wp-container-core-column-is-layout-9 > *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-column-is-layout-9 > * + *{margin-block-start:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:0 0;}.wp-container-pen-america-map-is-layout-1 > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width:100%;margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;}.wp-container-pen-america-map-is-layout-1 > .alignwide{max-width:100%;}.wp-container-pen-america-map-is-layout-1 .alignfull{max-width:none;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-13{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:0;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-5{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:2em var(--wp--preset--spacing--80-section);}.wp-elements-a3f2c5194f7b585a8437621b8b266547 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--inverted);}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:var(--wp--preset--spacing--45-hero) 0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-15 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large) * -1);margin-left:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large) * -1);}.wp-container-pen-america-buttons-is-layout-5 > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width:100%;margin-left:0 !important;margin-right:auto !important;}.wp-container-pen-america-buttons-is-layout-5 > .alignwide{max-width:100%;}.wp-container-pen-america-buttons-is-layout-5 .alignfull{max-width:none;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-16 > *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-16 > * + *{margin-block-start:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-17 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard) * -1);margin-left:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard) * -1);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-17 > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){margin-left:0 !important;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-17 > *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-17 > * + *{margin-block-start:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-18 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard) * -1);margin-left:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard) * -1);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-18 > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){margin-left:0 !important;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-18 > *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-18 > * + *{margin-block-start:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-19 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard) * -1);margin-left:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard) * -1);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-19 > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){margin-left:0 !important;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-19 > *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-19 > * + *{margin-block-start:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-20 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard) * -1);margin-left:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard) * -1);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-20 > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){margin-left:0 !important;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-20 > *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-20 > * + *{margin-block-start:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-21 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard) * -1);margin-left:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard) * -1);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-21 > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){margin-left:0 !important;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-21 > *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-21 > * + *{margin-block-start:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-22 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard) * -1);margin-left:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard) * -1);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-22 > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){margin-left:0 !important;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-22 > *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-22 > * + *{margin-block-start:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-23 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(0px * -1);margin-left:calc(0px * -1);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-25 > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width:100%;margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-25 > .alignwide{max-width:100%;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-25 .alignfull{max-width:none;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-25 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large) * -1);margin-left:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large) * -1);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-25 > *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-25 > * + *{margin-block-start:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);margin-block-end:0;}.wp-elements-a19971736c1f128c9a9916cc119bb17f a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--white);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-26 > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width:100%;margin-left:0 !important;margin-right:auto !important;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-26 > .alignwide{max-width:100%;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-26 .alignfull{max-width:none;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-26 > *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-26 > * + *{margin-block-start:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-cover-is-layout-1 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large) * -1);margin-left:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large) * -1);}.wp-container-core-cover-is-layout-1 > *{margin-block-start:0;margin-block-end:0;}.wp-container-core-cover-is-layout-1 > * + *{margin-block-start:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);margin-block-end:0;}.wp-elements-2df14c4718b9de63b49d9b29b2e06af1 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--white);}.wp-container-core-social-links-is-layout-1{gap:0 var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);justify-content:flex-end;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-elements-704e1c8a431a48f22dc4e1d9d77f8261 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--inverted);}.wp-elements-08bf981d93d8c6959ff22e7108c50cda a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--inverted);}.wp-elements-08bf981d93d8c6959ff22e7108c50cda a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)):hover{color:var(--wp--preset--color--purple);}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-10{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:2em var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);} </style> <style id='wp-block-template-skip-link-inline-css'> .skip-link.screen-reader-text { border: 0; clip: rect(1px,1px,1px,1px); clip-path: inset(50%); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute !important; width: 1px; word-wrap: normal !important; } .skip-link.screen-reader-text:focus { background-color: #eee; clip: auto !important; clip-path: none; color: #444; display: block; font-size: 1em; height: auto; left: 5px; line-height: normal; padding: 15px 23px 14px; text-decoration: none; top: 5px; width: auto; z-index: 100000; } </style> <style id='dominant-color-styles-inline-css'> img[data-dominant-color]:not(.has-transparency) { background-color: var(--dominant-color); } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-smart-crop-renderer-css' href='https://pen.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-smartcrop/css/image-renderer.css?ver=2.0.10' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='kanopi-pack-advanced-pullquote-css' href='https://pen.org/wp-content/themes/custom/pen-america/assets/dist/css/advanced-pullquote.c4797300f44ec617fe75.css?ver=1.0.0' media='all' /> <style id='kanopi-pack-buttons-inline-css'> .wp-block-pen-america-buttons{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--pen-global-spacing);--wp--preset--spacing--50-section:25px}.wp-block-pen-america-buttons .blockHandle{width:100%}.wp-block-pen-america-buttons.is-three-up-layout .button{font-family:var(--pen-font-family-base);font-size:1.375rem;justify-content:flex-start}@media (min-width:768px){.wp-block-pen-america-buttons.is-three-up-layout .button{width:calc(50% - 1.045rem)}}@media (min-width:1300px){.wp-block-pen-america-buttons.is-three-up-layout .button{font-size:1.5rem;width:calc(33.3333% - 1.045rem)}}.wp-block-pen-america-buttons.is-layout-constrained a{margin-top:0;margin:0!important}.wp-block-pen-america-buttons.is-layout-constrained.is-content-justification-left{justify-content:flex-start}.wp-block-pen-america-buttons.is-layout-constrained.is-content-justification-center{justify-content:center}.wp-block-pen-america-buttons.is-layout-constrained.is-content-justification-right{justify-content:flex-end}.block-editor-block-list__block .wp-block-pen-america-buttons-is-layout-constrained.has-global-padding{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.block-editor-block-list__block .wp-block-pen-america-buttons-is-layout-constrained{display:flex;gap:var(--pen-global-spacing)}.block-editor-block-list__block .wp-block-pen-america-buttons-is-layout-constrained.is-content-justification-left{justify-content:flex-start}.block-editor-block-list__block .wp-block-pen-america-buttons-is-layout-constrained.is-content-justification-center{justify-content:center}.block-editor-block-list__block .wp-block-pen-america-buttons-is-layout-constrained.is-content-justification-right{justify-content:flex-end}.block-editor-block-list__block .pen-america-buttons,.block-editor-block-list__block .pen-america-buttons .block-editor-inner-blocks{width:100%}.block-editor-block-list__block .pen-america-buttons .block-editor-inner-blocks a{margin-top:0;margin:0!important} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='kanopi-pack-facetwp-facets-css' href='https://pen.org/wp-content/themes/custom/pen-america/assets/dist/css/facetwp-facets.3ae47cbfa896f3c9b16a.css?ver=1.0.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='kanopi-pack-featured-carousel-style-css' href='https://pen.org/wp-content/themes/custom/pen-america/assets/dist/css/featured-carousel-style.49815e622f70cdc97668.css?ver=1.0.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='kanopi-pack-hero-style-css' href='https://pen.org/wp-content/themes/custom/pen-america/assets/dist/css/hero-style.ae9cdf7d5e0d6d1c9e0b.css?ver=1.0.0' media='all' /> <style id='kanopi-pack-key-findings-inline-css'> .wp-block-pen-america-key-findings{--key-findings-col-gap:1.5rem}.wp-block-pen-america-key-findings .wp-block-columns{gap:var(--key-findings-col-gap)}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-pen-america-key-findings .wp-block-columns{--key-findings-col-gap:7.5rem}.wp-block-pen-america-key-findings.block-editor-block-list__block .wp-block-column{bottom:0;opacity:1}}.wp-block-pen-america-key-findings .wp-block-column{--bottom-offset:-20px;--transition:200ms;--transition-delay:250ms}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-pen-america-key-findings .wp-block-column{bottom:var(--bottom-offset);opacity:0;position:relative;transition:all var(--transition) ease;transition-delay:0}.wp-block-pen-america-key-findings .wp-block-column.animate-in{bottom:0;opacity:1;transition:all var(--transition) ease;transition-delay:var(--transition-delay)}.wp-block-pen-america-key-findings .wp-block-column.animate-in:nth-child(2){transition-delay:calc(var(--transition-delay)*2)}.wp-block-pen-america-key-findings .wp-block-column.animate-in:nth-child(3){transition-delay:calc(var(--transition-delay)*3)}.wp-block-pen-america-key-findings .wp-block-column.animate-in:nth-child(4){transition-delay:calc(var(--transition-delay)*4)}.wp-block-pen-america-key-findings .wp-block-column.animate-in:nth-child(5){transition-delay:calc(var(--transition-delay)*5)}}@media (max-width:781.9px){.wp-block-pen-america-key-findings h2{font-size:2.125rem}.wp-block-pen-america-key-findings h3{font-size:1.25rem}} </style> <style id='kanopi-pack-post-template-inline-css'> .wp-block-post{border:1px solid var(--pen-color-black);box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-pen-america-similar-events .wp-block-post{background-color:var(--pen-color-white)}.sponsors-grid .wp-block-post{align-items:center;border:0;display:flex;justify-content:center} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='kanopi-pack-map-css' href='https://pen.org/wp-content/themes/custom/pen-america/assets/dist/css/map.544f4aff9321ae6dbaa1.css?ver=1.0.0' media='all' /> <style id='kanopi-pack-author-byline-inline-css'> .wp-block-pen-america-author-byline{align-items:center;display:flex;gap:.625rem}.wp-block-pen-america-author-byline a,.wp-block-pen-america-author-byline p,.wp-block-pen-america-author-byline span{font-family:var(--pen-font-family-bold);font-size:1rem;line-height:1.2}.wp-block-pen-america-author-byline:before{background-color:var(--pen-color-black);content:"";display:inline-block;height:1rem;-webkit-mask-image:var(--pen-people-icon);mask-image:var(--pen-people-icon);-webkit-mask-size:cover;mask-size:cover;min-width:1rem;width:1rem}.wp-block-pen-america-author-byline.block-editor-block-list__block p{font-size:1rem;margin-bottom:0} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='kanopi-pack-dynamic-cards-css' href='https://pen.org/wp-content/themes/custom/pen-america/assets/dist/css/dynamic-cards.fc4f4748e7611b27ea90.css?ver=1.0.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='kanopi-pack-pen-css' href='https://pen.org/wp-content/themes/custom/pen-america/assets/dist/css/pen.799a0ba9435d0cf75e53.css?ver=1.0.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='kanopi-style-css' href='https://pen.org/wp-content/themes/custom/pen-america/style.css?ver=1.0.0' media='all' /> <script src="https://pen.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script src="https://pen.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script src="https://pen.org/wp-content/themes/custom/pen-america/assets/dist/js/advanced-pullquote-script.43b7ee4ebeb0fb7f09e6.js?ver=1.0.0" id="kanopi-pack-advanced-pullquote-script-js"></script> <script src="https://pen.org/wp-content/themes/custom/pen-america/assets/dist/js/featured-carousel-script.86709f529b507bfc120a.js?ver=1.0.0" id="kanopi-pack-featured-carousel-script-js"></script> <script src="https://pen.org/wp-content/themes/custom/pen-america/assets/dist/js/facetwp-script.735dffaf2ff63f781eb4.js?ver=1.0.0" id="kanopi-pack-facetwp-script-js"></script> <script src="https://pen.org/wp-content/themes/custom/pen-america/assets/dist/js/key-findings-script.3670ec6a8c08ad2d32b2.js?ver=1.0.0" id="kanopi-pack-key-findings-script-js"></script> <script src="https://pen.org/wp-content/themes/custom/pen-america/assets/dist/js/map-script.f1a8a86a19f98487a7ec.js?ver=1.0.0" id="kanopi-pack-map-script-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://pen.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://pen.org/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/38976" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://pen.org/?p=38976' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://pen.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpen.org%2Fbook-bans%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://pen.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpen.org%2Fbook-bans%2F&#038;format=xml" /> <meta name="generator" content="auto-sizes 1.4.0"> <meta name="generator" content="dominant-color-images 1.2.0"> <meta name="generator" content="performance-lab 3.9.0; plugins: auto-sizes, dominant-color-images, embed-optimizer, image-prioritizer, performant-translations, speculation-rules, webp-uploads"> <meta name="generator" content="performant-translations 1.2.0"> <meta name="generator" content="webp-uploads 2.5.1"> <!-- Google Tag Manager for WordPress by gtm4wp.com --> <!-- GTM Container placement set to automatic --> <script data-cfasync="false" data-pagespeed-no-defer type="text/javascript"> var dataLayer_content = {"pagePostType":"page","pagePostType2":"single-page","pagePostAuthor":"egalluscio"}; dataLayer.push( dataLayer_content ); </script> <script data-cfasync="false"> (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= '//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-WWMZLR2'); </script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager for WordPress by gtm4wp.com --><meta name="generator" content="speculation-rules 1.5.0"> <meta name="generator" content="optimization-detective 1.0.0-beta3"> <meta name="generator" content="embed-optimizer 1.0.0-beta2"> <meta name="generator" content="image-prioritizer 1.0.0-beta2"> <link rel="icon" href="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/cropped-pen-favicon-150x150.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/cropped-pen-favicon-300x300.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/cropped-pen-favicon-300x300.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/cropped-pen-favicon-300x300.png" /> <style> @media (width <= 480px) { #embed-optimizer-f90008c24e90fb10d95c27a1aa605878 { min-height: 392px; } } @media (480px < width <= 600px) { #embed-optimizer-f90008c24e90fb10d95c27a1aa605878 { min-height: 391px; } } @media (600px < width <= 782px) { #embed-optimizer-f90008c24e90fb10d95c27a1aa605878 { min-height: 392px; } } @media (782px < width) { #embed-optimizer-f90008c24e90fb10d95c27a1aa605878 { min-height: 391px; } } </style> <link data-od-added-tag rel="preload" fetchpriority="high" as="image" href="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Book-Bans-Test-Issue-Page-graphic.png" imagesrcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Book-Bans-Test-Issue-Page-graphic.png 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Book-Bans-Test-Issue-Page-graphic-300x200.png 300w" imagesizes="(width &lt;= 480px) 400px, (480px &lt; width &lt;= 600px) 505px, (600px &lt; width &lt;= 782px) 610px, (782px &lt; width) 480px" media="screen"> </head> <body class="page-template-default page page-id-38976 page-parent wp-custom-logo wp-embed-responsive page-book-bans group-blog no-js has-hidden-h1 pen-america"> <!-- GTM Container placement set to automatic --> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-WWMZLR2" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden" aria-hidden="true"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <div class="wp-site-blocks"><header class="site-header wp-block-template-part"> <div class="wp-block-group is-layout-constrained has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-cfa128994d3ad76bf9c1edc5c4580f8c has-global-padding wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <div class="wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-4 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile position-relative desktop pen--main-nav is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column logo-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:150px"><div class="wp-block-site-logo"><a href="https://pen.org/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home"><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[1][self::HEADER]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::A]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="150" height="55" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/logo.svg" class="custom-logo" alt="PEN America" decoding="async" /></a></div></div> <div class="wp-block-column k-display--grid nav-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <button class="k--button menu-toggle" aria-label="Toggle Menu" > <span class="screen-reader-text">Menu</span> </button> <nav id="site-navigation" class="k--navbar" aria-label="Main Menu"> <div class="k--menu" id="menu"> <ul id="primary-navigation" class="k--nav main-menu"> <li class="has-children section-title-type"> <button id="70" class="k--toggle k--anchor section-title" aria-controls="submenu-70" aria-expanded="false" >Issues<span></span> </button> <ul id="submenu-70" class="k--sub-menu"> <li class="k--li-section-title"> <a id="299" href="https://pen.org/us-issues/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor section-title" >U.S. Free Expression </a> <ul id="grandchild-menu-299" class="k--grandchild-menu"> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48457" href="https://pen.org/book-bans/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Book Bans </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48458" href="https://pen.org/campus-free-speech/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Campus Free Speech </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48459" href="https://pen.org/disinformation/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Disinformation </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48460" href="https://pen.org/educational-censorship/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Educational Censorship </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48461" href="https://pen.org/online-abuse-digital-safety/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Online Abuse &amp; Digital Safety </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48712" href="https://pen.org/supporting-journalists/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Supporting Journalists </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="k--li-section-title"> <a id="306" href="https://pen.org/global-advocacy/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor section-title" >Global Free Expression </a> <ul id="grandchild-menu-306" class="k--grandchild-menu"> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="44941" href="https://pen.org/russian-independent-media-archive/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Preserving Russian Independent Media </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48463" href="https://pen.org/writers-at-risk-advocacy/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Writers at Risk Advocacy </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="49295" href="https://pen.org/global-advocacy/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Countries </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="k--li-speaker"> <div class="featured-content"> <img data-od-added-fetchpriority data-od-removed-loading="lazy" data-od-replaced-sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[1][self::HEADER]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[2][self::NAV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[1][self::LI]/*[2][self::UL]/*[3][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::IMG]" fetchpriority="low" width="640" height="427" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Cover-to-Cover-Featured-Image.jpg" class="k--image not-transparent" alt="A stack of colorful books with visible titles, such as A Court of Thorns and Roses by Sarah J. Maas, lies in the bottom section. In the background, a chalkboard displays the text: Cover to Cover: An Analysis of Titles Banned in the 23-24 School Year." decoding="async" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Cover-to-Cover-Featured-Image.jpg 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Cover-to-Cover-Featured-Image-300x200.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="524849" style="--dominant-color: #524849;" /><strong>Certain identities are being removed from library shelves en masse.</strong><p>During the 2023-2024 school year, 36% of all banned titles featured characters or people of color and a quarter (25%) included LGBTQ+ people or characters.</p> </div> <a id="55384" href="https://pen.org/report/beyond-the-shelves/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor speaker" >Read our latest book ban report </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="has-children default-type"> <button id="291" class="k--toggle k--anchor default" aria-controls="submenu-291" aria-expanded="false" >Events<span></span> </button> <ul id="submenu-291" class="k--sub-menu"> <li class="k--li-section-title"> <a id="38065" href="#" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor section-title" >Signature Events </a> <ul id="grandchild-menu-38065" class="k--grandchild-menu"> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48312" href="https://pen.org/authors-evenings" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default">Authors&#039; Evenings </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="38062" href="https://pen.org/banned-books-week-2024/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Banned Books Week </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48464" href="https://pen.org/annual-literary-awards-ceremony/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Literary Awards Ceremony </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="68151" href="https://pen.org/2025gala/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >2025 PEN America Literary Gala </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48273" href="https://pen.org/world-voices-festival/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >World Voices Festival </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="k--li-section-title"> <a id="44451" href="https://pen.org/events/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor section-title" >Upcoming Events </a> <ul id="grandchild-menu-44451" class="k--grandchild-menu"> <li class="k--li-default-arrow"> <a id="38821" href="https://pen.org/events/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default-arrow" >View All Events </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="has-children default-type"> <button id="60335" class="k--toggle k--anchor default" aria-controls="submenu-60335" aria-expanded="false" >Literary Programs &amp; Grants<span></span> </button> <ul id="submenu-60335" class="k--sub-menu"> <li class="k--li-section-title"> <a id="38067" href="#" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor section-title" >Literary Programs </a> <ul id="grandchild-menu-38067" class="k--grandchild-menu"> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="60338" href="https://pen.org/fellowships/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Fellowships, Workshops &amp; Trainings </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="60339" href="https://pen.org/prison-and-justice-writing/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Prison and Justice Writing </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="49296" href="https://pen.org/translation-committee/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Translation </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48466" href="https://pen.org/the-writers-room/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >The Writers Room </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="k--li-section-title"> <a id="38068" href="#" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor section-title" >Grants &amp; Awards </a> <ul id="grandchild-menu-38068" class="k--grandchild-menu"> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48467" href="https://pen.org/literary-awards/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Literary Awards </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48469" href="https://pen.org/literary-grants/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Literary Grants </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="46849" href="https://pen.org/us-writers-aid-initiative/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >U.S. Writers Aid Initiative </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="k--li-speaker"> <div class="featured-content"> <img data-od-added-fetchpriority data-od-removed-loading="lazy" data-od-replaced-sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[1][self::HEADER]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[2][self::NAV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[3][self::LI]/*[2][self::UL]/*[3][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::IMG]" fetchpriority="low" width="640" height="427" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/LA-EV-workshop-featured.png" class="k--image not-transparent" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/LA-EV-workshop-featured.png 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/LA-EV-workshop-featured-300x200.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="896d6e" style="--dominant-color: #896d6e;" /><strong>Apply for the Los Angeles Emerging Voices Workshop</strong><p>This week-long intensive provides an in-person workshop for early-career writers from communities underrepresented in the publishing world.</p> </div> <a id="69400" href="https://pen.org/emerging-voices-workshop-la/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor speaker" >Applications open now </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="has-children default-type"> <button id="293" class="k--toggle k--anchor default" aria-controls="submenu-293" aria-expanded="false" >News &amp; Resources<span></span> </button> <ul id="submenu-293" class="k--sub-menu"> <li class="k--li-section-title"> <a id="46761" href="#" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor section-title" >Resources </a> <ul id="grandchild-menu-46761" class="k--grandchild-menu"> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="46763" href="https://campusfreespeechguide.pen.org/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Campus Free Speech Guide </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="46767" href="https://pen.org/facts-forward" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default">Facts Forward: Helping Journalists Combat Disinformation </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="46762" href="https://onlineharassmentfieldmanual.pen.org/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Online Harassment Field Manual </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="46768" href="https://pen.org/book-ban-resources" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default">Ways to Fight Book Bans </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default-arrow"> <a id="46769" href="https://pen.org/resources" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default-arrow">See All </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="k--li-section-title"> <a id="38101" href="#" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor section-title" >Browse by Type </a> <ul id="grandchild-menu-38101" class="k--grandchild-menu"> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48471" href="https://pen.org/blog-posts/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Blogs &amp; Commentary </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48480" href="https://pen.org/interviews/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Interviews </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="44450" href="https://pen.org/press-releases/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Press Releases </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="44452" href="https://pen.org/reports/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Reports </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48703" href="https://pen.org/blog-series/pen-america-speaks/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Weekly Roundup </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="k--li-section-title"> <a id="38102" href="#" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor section-title" >Latest Topics </a> <ul id="grandchild-menu-38102" class="k--grandchild-menu"> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="54840" href="https://pen.org/article-type/blog-post/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >All Latest Articles </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="47302" href="https://pen.org/topic/banned-books/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Book Bans </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="47303" href="https://pen.org/topic/disinformation/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Disinformation </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="47335" href="https://pen.org/free-expression-amidst-the-war-between-israel-and-hamas/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Free Expression &amp; the Israel-Hamas War </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48317" href="https://pen.org/topic/global-free-expression/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Global Free Expression </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="k--li-speaker"> <div class="featured-content"> <img data-od-added-fetchpriority data-od-removed-loading="lazy" data-od-replaced-sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[1][self::HEADER]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[2][self::NAV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[4][self::LI]/*[2][self::UL]/*[4][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::IMG]" fetchpriority="low" width="640" height="427" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/The-Censorship-Horizon-Refining-the-Art-of-Censorship-Featured-Image-2.jpg" class="k--image not-transparent" alt="An art museum gallery with empty picture frames on the walls. A wooden bench sits on the wooden floor. Overlaid text reads, The Censorship Horizon: A Survey of Art Museum Directors." decoding="async" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/The-Censorship-Horizon-Refining-the-Art-of-Censorship-Featured-Image-2.jpg 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/The-Censorship-Horizon-Refining-the-Art-of-Censorship-Featured-Image-2-300x200.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="716b63" style="--dominant-color: #716b63;" /><strong>Our Latest Report</strong><p>Learn how the creation and display of art is entwined with the U.S.’s most fraught cultural and political debates.</p> </div> <a id="38445" href="https://pen.org/report/the-censorship-horizon/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor speaker" >Museum Directors Weigh In on the Impacts of Censorship </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="has-children default-type"> <button id="294" class="k--toggle k--anchor default" aria-controls="submenu-294" aria-expanded="false" >About<span></span> </button> <ul id="submenu-294" class="k--sub-menu"> <li class="k--li-section-title"> <a id="38129" href="#" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor section-title" >Who We Are </a> <ul id="grandchild-menu-38129" class="k--grandchild-menu"> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="38128" href="https://pen.org/about-us/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >About </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48482" href="https://pen.org/board-of-trustees/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Board of Trustees </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48483" href="https://pen.org/careers/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Careers </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="47741" href="https://archive.pen.org/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Digital Archive </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="38127" href="https://pen.org/the-history-of-pen/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >History of PEN </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="56856" href="https://pen.org/membership/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Membership </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48481" href="https://pen.org/staff/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Staff </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="k--li-section-title"> <a id="38454" href="#" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor section-title" >Offices &amp; Chapters </a> <ul id="grandchild-menu-38454" class="k--grandchild-menu"> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48488" href="https://pen.org/florida-office/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Florida </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48487" href="https://pen.org/los-angeles-office/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Los Angeles </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48485" href="https://pen.org/new-york-office/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >New York Office </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="60341" href="https://pen.org/pen-across-america/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >PEN Across America </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48486" href="https://pen.org/washington-dc-office/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Washington, D.C. </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="has-children default-type"> <button id="295" class="k--toggle k--anchor default" aria-controls="submenu-295" aria-expanded="false" >Get Involved<span></span> </button> <ul id="submenu-295" class="k--sub-menu"> <li class="k--li-section-title"> <a id="46732" href="#" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor section-title" >Membership </a> <ul id="grandchild-menu-46732" class="k--grandchild-menu"> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="56858" href="https://pen.org/membership/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Become a Member </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="49122" href="https://pen.org/membership/gifting-pen-membership/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Gift a PEN America Membership </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="49468" href="https://pen.org/membership/childrens-and-young-adult-books/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Children’s and Young Adult Books Committee </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="49465" href="https://pen.org/translation-committee/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Translation Committee </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="49466" href="https://pen.org/old-membership/pen-america-writers-schools-committee/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Writers in the Schools Committee </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="k--li-section-title"> <a id="46733" href="#" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor section-title" >Support Free Expression </a> <ul id="grandchild-menu-46733" class="k--grandchild-menu"> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="46478" href="https://pen.org/youngpatrons/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Become a PEN America Young Patron </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48713" href="https://pen.org/2025-support-pen-america-web/?ms=mainwebsitemenudropdown" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Donate Now </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48491" href="https://pen.org/shop-pen-america-originals/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Shop PEN America Originals </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="k--li-section-title"> <a id="38455" href="#" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor section-title" >Newsletters </a> <ul id="grandchild-menu-38455" class="k--grandchild-menu"> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="38492" href="https://pen.org/pen-america-news/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Subscribe to PEN America News </a> </li> <li class="k--li-default"> <a id="48887" href="https://pen.org/subscribe-to-works-of-justice/" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor default" >Subscribe to Works of Justice </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="k--li-speaker"> <div class="featured-content"> <img data-od-added-fetchpriority data-od-removed-loading="lazy" data-od-replaced-sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[1][self::HEADER]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[2][self::NAV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[6][self::LI]/*[2][self::UL]/*[4][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::IMG]" fetchpriority="low" width="640" height="640" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/post-Trump-Wins-Join-US-1024x1024.png" class="k--image has-transparency" alt="The Freedom to Read Write Learn Speak" decoding="async" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/post-Trump-Wins-Join-US-1024x1024.png 1024w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/post-Trump-Wins-Join-US-300x300.png 300w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/post-Trump-Wins-Join-US-150x150.png 150w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/post-Trump-Wins-Join-US.png 1080w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" data-has-transparency="true" data-dominant-color="e8d2d5" style="--dominant-color: #e8d2d5;" /><strong>Join the Fight for Free Expression</strong><p>The next four years could reshape the United States for decades to come. Join us in fighting every day to protect the freedom to write and the freedom to read. </p> </div> <a id="56166" href="https://pen.org/membership" class="k--anchor k--anchor k--anchor speaker" >Join Us! </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <div class="main-nav-ctas mobile"> <a href="https://pen.org/membership/?ms=joinbuttonmainmenu" class="k--anchor cta-button"> Join </a> <a href="https://pen.org/2025-support-pen-america-web/?ms=mainwebsitemenubutton" class="k--anchor cta-button"> Donate Now </a> </div> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://pen.org/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search &hellip;" value="" name="s" /> </label> <input type="submit" class="search-submit" value="Search" /> </form> </div> </nav><!-- #site-navigation--> </div> <div class="wp-block-column cta-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:300px"> <div class="wp-block-group is-content-justification-space-between is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-3 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"> <div class="wp-block-group main-nav-ctas is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"> <p> <a href="https://pen.org/membership/?ms=joinbuttonmainmenu" class="k--anchor cta-button"> Join </a> <a href="https://pen.org/2025-support-pen-america-web/?ms=mainwebsitemenubutton" class="k--anchor cta-button"> Donate Now </a> </p> </div> <div class="wp-block-group pen--trigger-search has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-buttons pen-america-buttons is-layout-flow wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flow"> <a class="wp-block-pen-america-button button" href="#" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self"><span class="before-text screen-reader-text">Open </span><span class="text"></span><span class="after-text screen-reader-text"> search</span></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-group is-layout-constrained pen--main-search has-background has-global-padding wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="background-color:#212529"> <div class="wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"><form role="search" method="get" action="https://pen.org/" class="wp-block-search__button-outside wp-block-search__text-button wp-block-search" ><label class="wp-block-search__label" for="wp-block-search__input-1" >Search:</label><div class="wp-block-search__inside-wrapper " ><input class="wp-block-search__input" id="wp-block-search__input-1" placeholder="Search by topic or person" value="" type="search" name="s" required /><button aria-label="Search" class="wp-block-search__button wp-element-button" type="submit" >Search</button></div></form></div> </div> </header> <section class="wp-block-group alignfull breadcrumbs has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"><div class="yoast-breadcrumbs"><span><span><a href="https://pen.org/">Home</a></span> / <span class="breadcrumb_last" aria-current="page">Book Bans</span></span></div></section> <main class="wp-block-group is-layout-constrained has-global-padding wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0"> <h1 class="wp-block-post-title">Book Bans</h1> <div class="entry-content alignfull wp-block-post-content has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-post-content-is-layout-constrained"> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-hero alignfull has-blue-background-color has-background hero__home speech-arrow-color--black is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section)"><div class="hero__home-content has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-pen-america-hero-is-layout-1 wp-block-hero-is-layout-constrained"> <div class="wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:55%"><h1 class="wp-block-post-title">Book Bans</h1> <p style="font-size:24px">PEN America tracks book bans and fights censorship in public schools and libraries across the country.</p> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:45%"> <figure class="wp-block-image alignright size-full is-resized"><img data-od-fetchpriority-already-added data-od-replaced-sizes="(max-width: min(var(--pen-wide-width-padded), 720px)) 100vw, min(var(--pen-wide-width-padded), 720px)" data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" data-dominant-color="77615e" data-has-transparency="true" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="720" height="480" sizes="(width &lt;= 480px) 400px, (480px &lt; width &lt;= 600px) 505px, (600px &lt; width &lt;= 782px) 610px, (782px &lt; width) 480px" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Book-Bans-Test-Issue-Page-graphic.png" alt="" class="wp-image-39813 has-transparency" style="--dominant-color: #77615e; width:auto;height:320px" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Book-Bans-Test-Issue-Page-graphic.png 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Book-Bans-Test-Issue-Page-graphic-300x200.png 300w" /></figure> </div> </div> </div></div> <p>Books are under profound attack in the United States. In the 2023-2024 school year, PEN America counted more than 10,000 book bans in public schools. And everywhere, it is the books that have long fought for a place on the shelf that are being targeted. Books by authors of color, by LGBTQ+ authors, by women. Books about racism, sexuality, gender, history. PEN America pushes back against censorship and the intolerance and exclusion that undergird it.</p> <div class="wp-block-group has-white-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-11 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small)"> <div class="wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile" style="margin-right:0;margin-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);grid-template-columns:24% auto"><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><a href="https://pen.org/banned-books-week-2024/"><img data-od-replaced-sizes="(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[3][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::A]/*[1][self::IMG]" data-dominant-color="83939d" data-has-transparency="false" style="--dominant-color: #83939d;" decoding="async" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/U.S.-Capitol-Building-jpg.webp" alt="The United States Capitol Building in Washington, D.C., featuring its iconic white dome, surrounded by green lawns, trees, and a clear blue sky." class="wp-image-62588 size-medium not-transparent" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/U.S.-Capitol-Building-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/U.S.-Capitol-Building-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="(width &lt;= 480px) 20px, (480px &lt; width &lt;= 600px) 434px, (600px &lt; width &lt;= 782px) 88px, (782px &lt; width) 190px" /></a></figure><div class="wp-block-media-text__content"> <div class="wp-block-group is-vertical is-content-justification-left is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-9 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="padding-right:0;padding-left:0"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading has-red-color has-text-color has-link-color has-body-large-font-size wp-elements-24c5e1697118c6a121a17d4953c4032c" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0;text-transform:uppercase">TAKE ACTION TO FIGHT BOOK BANS</h3> <p style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0">Join PEN America and a coalition of education and rights organizations in fighting against censorship and book restrictions across the country. You can send letters to your elected officials, learn more about fighting bans in your community, even get some swag!</p> </div> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-buttons pen-america-buttons is-three-up-layout is-layout-flow wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flow" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"> <a class="wp-block-pen-america-button is-style-solid-blue-arrow button" href="https://pen.org/book-ban-action/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self"><span class="before-text screen-reader-text"></span><span class="text">Join Us</span><span class="after-text screen-reader-text"></span></a> </div> </div></div> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-right-short" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large)"/> <div class="wp-block-media-text has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile" style="margin-right:0;margin-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);grid-template-columns:auto 24%"><div class="wp-block-media-text__content"> <div class="wp-block-group is-vertical is-content-justification-right is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-10 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="padding-right:0;padding-left:0"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading has-red-color has-text-color has-link-color has-body-large-font-size wp-elements-85d73722ffcc202ca4b174f3fa796270" style="padding-right:0;padding-left:0;text-transform:uppercase">Banned book list 2025</h3> <p class="has-text-align-right" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0">PEN America has documented nearly 16,000 book bans in public schools nationwide since 2021, a number not seen since the Red Scare McCarthy era of the 1950s. </p> </div> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-buttons pen-america-buttons is-three-up-layout has-global-padding is-content-justification-right is-layout-constrained wp-container-pen-america-buttons-is-layout-3 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-constrained"> <a class="wp-block-pen-america-button is-style-solid-blue-arrow button" href="https://pen.org/banned-books-list-2025/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self"><span class="before-text screen-reader-text"></span><span class="text">See the list</span><span class="after-text screen-reader-text"></span></a> </div> </div><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><a href="https://pen.org/banned-books-week-2024/"><img data-od-removed-loading="lazy" data-od-replaced-sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[3][self::DIV]/*[3][self::DIV]/*[2][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::A]/*[1][self::IMG]" data-dominant-color="94846a" data-has-transparency="false" style="--dominant-color: #94846a;" decoding="async" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Banned-Books-Featured-Image-jpg.webp" alt="A collection of various books spread out on a wooden surface. Titles include The Bluest Eye, The Kite Runner, Beloved, and The Perks of Being a Wallflower, among others. The books cover diverse genres and themes." class="wp-image-56650 size-medium not-transparent" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Banned-Books-Featured-Image-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Banned-Books-Featured-Image-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="(width &lt;= 480px) 273px, (480px &lt; width &lt;= 600px) 442px, (600px &lt; width &lt;= 782px) 130px, (782px &lt; width) 250px" /></a></figure></div> </div> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-is-layout-9 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-bottom:0;padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large)"> <section style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0" class="wp-block-pen-america-key-findings"> <div class="wp-block-group is-style-default has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-060b8b23a9607c764eed8a5468294c24 is-vertical is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-12 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small)"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large)">What you need to know:</h2> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex" style="padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large)"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-is-layout-6 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);flex-basis:33%"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading has-body-large-font-size"><strong>PEN America recorded 10,046 instances of book bans in the 2023-2024 school year.</strong></h3> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-is-layout-7 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);flex-basis:33%"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading has-body-large-font-size"><strong>In the 2023-2024 school year, PEN America counted book bans in 29 states and 220 public school districts, with Florida and Iowa leading in number of bans.</strong></h3> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-is-layout-8 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);flex-basis:33%"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading has-body-large-font-size"><strong>Of the most commonly banned books in the 2023-2024 school year, 44% featured people and characters of color and 39% featured LGBTQ+ people and characters.</strong><div class="c-virtual_list__item" role="listitem" id="1732040961.702569" data-qa="virtual-list-item" data-item-key="1732040961.702569" style="width: 908px;position: absolute;font-family: Slack-Lato, Slack-Fractions, appleLogo, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;top: 7013px"><div role="presentation" class="c-message_kit__background p-message_pane_message__message c-message_kit__message" data-qa="message_container" data-qa-unprocessed="false" data-qa-placeholder="false" style="line-height: 1.46668"><div role="document" class="c-message_kit__hover" data-qa-hover="true"><div class="c-message_kit__actions c-message_kit__actions--above" style="position: relative"><div class="c-message_kit__gutter" style="padding: 8px 20px"><div role="presentation" class="c-message_kit__gutter__left" style="flex-shrink: 0;margin-right: 8px"></div></div></div></div></div></div></h3> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-5 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex" style="margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section)"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:70%"> <div class="wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-13 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-right:0;padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-left:0"><div class="wp-block-pen-america-map has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-pen-america-map-is-layout-1 wp-block-map-is-layout-constrained" data-key="" data-series-data="{&quot;series&quot;:{&quot;US-MI&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-MS&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-NM&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-WA&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-AL&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-AK&quot;:&quot;#fdbb84&quot;,&quot;US-AZ&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-AR&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-CA&quot;:&quot;#fee8c8&quot;,&quot;US-CO&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-CT&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-DE&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-FL&quot;:&quot;#370000&quot;,&quot;US-GA&quot;:&quot;#fdbb84&quot;,&quot;US-HI&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-ID&quot;:&quot;#fdbb84&quot;,&quot;US-IL&quot;:&quot;#fee8c8&quot;,&quot;US-IN&quot;:&quot;#fee8c8&quot;,&quot;US-IA&quot;:&quot;#6d0000&quot;,&quot;US-KS&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-KY&quot;:&quot;#fdbb84&quot;,&quot;US-LA&quot;:&quot;#fee8c8&quot;,&quot;US-ME&quot;:&quot;#fdbb84&quot;,&quot;US-MD&quot;:&quot;#fdbb84&quot;,&quot;US-MA&quot;:&quot;#fee8c8&quot;,&quot;US-MN&quot;:&quot;#fee8c8&quot;,&quot;US-MO&quot;:&quot;#fdbb84&quot;,&quot;US-MT&quot;:&quot;#fee8c8&quot;,&quot;US-NE&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-NV&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-NH&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-NJ&quot;:&quot;#fee8c8&quot;,&quot;US-NY&quot;:&quot;#fdbb84&quot;,&quot;US-NC&quot;:&quot;#fdbb84&quot;,&quot;US-ND&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-OH&quot;:&quot;#fee8c8&quot;,&quot;US-OK&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-OR&quot;:&quot;#fdbb84&quot;,&quot;US-PA&quot;:&quot;#fdbb84&quot;,&quot;US-RI&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-SC&quot;:&quot;#fdbb84&quot;,&quot;US-SD&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-TN&quot;:&quot;#fdbb84&quot;,&quot;US-TX&quot;:&quot;#d6001c&quot;,&quot;US-UT&quot;:&quot;#fdbb84&quot;,&quot;US-VT&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-VA&quot;:&quot;#ff8d5d&quot;,&quot;US-WV&quot;:&quot;#e4e4e4&quot;,&quot;US-WI&quot;:&quot;#ec5c1e&quot;,&quot;US-WY&quot;:&quot;#fdbb84&quot;},&quot;content&quot;:{&quot;US-MI&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-MI&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Michigan&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Michigan&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-MS&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-MS&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Mississippi&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Mississippi&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-NM&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-NM&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;New Mexico&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;New Mexico&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-WA&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-WA&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Washington&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Washington&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-AL&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-AL&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Alabama&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Alabama&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-AK&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-AK&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Alaska&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Alaska&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 56&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 1&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-AZ&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-AZ&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Arizona&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Arizona&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-AR&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-AR&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Arkansas&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Arkansas&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-CA&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-CA&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;California&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;California&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 2&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 1&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-CO&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-CO&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Colorado&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Colorado&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-CT&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-CT&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Connecticut&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Connecticut&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-DE&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-DE&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Delaware&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Delaware&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-FL&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-FL&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Florida&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Florida&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 4561&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 33&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-GA&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-GA&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Georgia&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Georgia&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 83&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 3&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-HI&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-HI&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Hawaii&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Hawaii&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-ID&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-ID&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Idaho&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Idaho&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 12&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 2&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-IL&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-IL&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Illinois&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Illinois&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 2&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 2&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-IN&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-IN&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Indiana&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Indiana&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 1&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 1&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-IA&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-IA&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Iowa&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Iowa&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 3671&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 117&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-KS&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-KS&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Kansas&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Kansas&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-KY&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-KY&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Kentucky&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Kentucky&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 100&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 1&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-LA&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-LA&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Louisiana&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Louisiana&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 1&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 1&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-ME&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-ME&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Maine&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Maine&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 83&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 2&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-MD&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-MD&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Maryland&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Maryland&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 64&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 3&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-MA&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-MA&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Massachusetts&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Massachusetts&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 1&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 1&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-MN&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-MN&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Minnesota&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Minnesota&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 1&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 1&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-MO&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-MO&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Missouri&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Missouri&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 57&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 1&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-MT&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-MT&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Montana&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Montana&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 3&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 1&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-NE&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-NE&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Nebraska&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Nebraska&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-NV&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-NV&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Nevada&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Nevada&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-NH&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-NH&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;New Hampshire&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;New Hampshire&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-NJ&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-NJ&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;New Jersey&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;New Jersey&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 1&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 1&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-NY&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-NY&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;New York&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;New York&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 65&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 21&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-NC&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-NC&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;North Carolina&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;North Carolina&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 61&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 7&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-ND&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-ND&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;North Dakota&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;North Dakota&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-OH&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-OH&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Ohio&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Ohio&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 3&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 1&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-OK&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-OK&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Oklahoma&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Oklahoma&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-OR&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-OR&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Oregon&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Oregon&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 18&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 1&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-PA&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-PA&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Pennsylvania&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Pennsylvania&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 20&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 5&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-RI&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-RI&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Rhode Island&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Rhode Island&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-SC&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-SC&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;South Carolina&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;South Carolina&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 64&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 3&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-SD&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-SD&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;South Dakota&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;South Dakota&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-TN&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-TN&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Tennessee&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Tennessee&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 34&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 2&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-TX&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-TX&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Texas&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Texas&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 538&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 12&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-UT&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-UT&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Utah&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Utah&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 32&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 4&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-VT&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-VT&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Vermont&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Vermont&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-VA&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-VA&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Virginia&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Virginia&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 121&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 5&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-WV&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-WV&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;West Virginia&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;West Virginia&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-WI&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-WI&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Wisconsin&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Wisconsin&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 408&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 4&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;},&quot;US-WY&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:&quot;US-WY&quot;,&quot;state_label&quot;:&quot;Wyoming&quot;,&quot;tooltip&quot;:&quot;&lt;div class=\&quot;report-map-tooltip-content\&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;title\&quot;&gt;Wyoming&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=\&quot;content\&quot;&gt;# instances of book bans: 42&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/br&gt;# of districts that banned a book: 2&lt;\/div&gt;&quot;}}}" data-regions="{&quot;US-AL&quot;:&quot;Alabama&quot;,&quot;US-AK&quot;:&quot;Alaska&quot;,&quot;US-AZ&quot;:&quot;Arizona&quot;,&quot;US-AR&quot;:&quot;Arkansas&quot;,&quot;US-CA&quot;:&quot;California&quot;,&quot;US-CO&quot;:&quot;Colorado&quot;,&quot;US-CT&quot;:&quot;Connecticut&quot;,&quot;US-DE&quot;:&quot;Delaware&quot;,&quot;US-DC&quot;:&quot;District of Columbia&quot;,&quot;US-FL&quot;:&quot;Florida&quot;,&quot;US-GA&quot;:&quot;Georgia&quot;,&quot;US-HI&quot;:&quot;Hawaii&quot;,&quot;US-ID&quot;:&quot;Idaho&quot;,&quot;US-IL&quot;:&quot;Illinois&quot;,&quot;US-IN&quot;:&quot;Indiana&quot;,&quot;US-IA&quot;:&quot;Iowa&quot;,&quot;US-KS&quot;:&quot;Kansas&quot;,&quot;US-KY&quot;:&quot;Kentucky&quot;,&quot;US-LA&quot;:&quot;Louisiana&quot;,&quot;US-ME&quot;:&quot;Maine&quot;,&quot;US-MD&quot;:&quot;Maryland&quot;,&quot;US-MA&quot;:&quot;Massachusetts&quot;,&quot;US-MI&quot;:&quot;Michigan&quot;,&quot;US-MN&quot;:&quot;Minnesota&quot;,&quot;US-MS&quot;:&quot;Mississippi&quot;,&quot;US-MO&quot;:&quot;Missouri&quot;,&quot;US-MT&quot;:&quot;Montana&quot;,&quot;US-NE&quot;:&quot;Nebraska&quot;,&quot;US-NV&quot;:&quot;Nevada&quot;,&quot;US-NH&quot;:&quot;New Hampshire&quot;,&quot;US-NJ&quot;:&quot;New Jersey&quot;,&quot;US-NM&quot;:&quot;New Mexico&quot;,&quot;US-NY&quot;:&quot;New York&quot;,&quot;US-NC&quot;:&quot;North Carolina&quot;,&quot;US-ND&quot;:&quot;North Dakota&quot;,&quot;US-OH&quot;:&quot;Ohio&quot;,&quot;US-OK&quot;:&quot;Oklahoma&quot;,&quot;US-OR&quot;:&quot;Oregon&quot;,&quot;US-PA&quot;:&quot;Pennsylvania&quot;,&quot;US-RI&quot;:&quot;Rhode Island&quot;,&quot;US-SC&quot;:&quot;South Carolina&quot;,&quot;US-SD&quot;:&quot;South Dakota&quot;,&quot;US-TN&quot;:&quot;Tennessee&quot;,&quot;US-TX&quot;:&quot;Texas&quot;,&quot;US-UT&quot;:&quot;Utah&quot;,&quot;US-VT&quot;:&quot;Vermont&quot;,&quot;US-VA&quot;:&quot;Virginia&quot;,&quot;US-WA&quot;:&quot;Washington&quot;,&quot;US-WV&quot;:&quot;West Virginia&quot;,&quot;US-WI&quot;:&quot;Wisconsin&quot;,&quot;US-WY&quot;:&quot;Wyoming&quot;}" data-countries="{&quot;US-AL&quot;:&quot;Alabama&quot;,&quot;US-AK&quot;:&quot;Alaska&quot;,&quot;US-AZ&quot;:&quot;Arizona&quot;,&quot;US-AR&quot;:&quot;Arkansas&quot;,&quot;US-CA&quot;:&quot;California&quot;,&quot;US-CO&quot;:&quot;Colorado&quot;,&quot;US-CT&quot;:&quot;Connecticut&quot;,&quot;US-DE&quot;:&quot;Delaware&quot;,&quot;US-DC&quot;:&quot;District of Columbia&quot;,&quot;US-FL&quot;:&quot;Florida&quot;,&quot;US-GA&quot;:&quot;Georgia&quot;,&quot;US-HI&quot;:&quot;Hawaii&quot;,&quot;US-ID&quot;:&quot;Idaho&quot;,&quot;US-IL&quot;:&quot;Illinois&quot;,&quot;US-IN&quot;:&quot;Indiana&quot;,&quot;US-IA&quot;:&quot;Iowa&quot;,&quot;US-KS&quot;:&quot;Kansas&quot;,&quot;US-KY&quot;:&quot;Kentucky&quot;,&quot;US-LA&quot;:&quot;Louisiana&quot;,&quot;US-ME&quot;:&quot;Maine&quot;,&quot;US-MD&quot;:&quot;Maryland&quot;,&quot;US-MA&quot;:&quot;Massachusetts&quot;,&quot;US-MI&quot;:&quot;Michigan&quot;,&quot;US-MN&quot;:&quot;Minnesota&quot;,&quot;US-MS&quot;:&quot;Mississippi&quot;,&quot;US-MO&quot;:&quot;Missouri&quot;,&quot;US-MT&quot;:&quot;Montana&quot;,&quot;US-NE&quot;:&quot;Nebraska&quot;,&quot;US-NV&quot;:&quot;Nevada&quot;,&quot;US-NH&quot;:&quot;New Hampshire&quot;,&quot;US-NJ&quot;:&quot;New Jersey&quot;,&quot;US-NM&quot;:&quot;New Mexico&quot;,&quot;US-NY&quot;:&quot;New York&quot;,&quot;US-NC&quot;:&quot;North Carolina&quot;,&quot;US-ND&quot;:&quot;North Dakota&quot;,&quot;US-OH&quot;:&quot;Ohio&quot;,&quot;US-OK&quot;:&quot;Oklahoma&quot;,&quot;US-OR&quot;:&quot;Oregon&quot;,&quot;US-PA&quot;:&quot;Pennsylvania&quot;,&quot;US-RI&quot;:&quot;Rhode Island&quot;,&quot;US-SC&quot;:&quot;South Carolina&quot;,&quot;US-SD&quot;:&quot;South Dakota&quot;,&quot;US-TN&quot;:&quot;Tennessee&quot;,&quot;US-TX&quot;:&quot;Texas&quot;,&quot;US-UT&quot;:&quot;Utah&quot;,&quot;US-VT&quot;:&quot;Vermont&quot;,&quot;US-VA&quot;:&quot;Virginia&quot;,&quot;US-WA&quot;:&quot;Washington&quot;,&quot;US-WV&quot;:&quot;West Virginia&quot;,&quot;US-WI&quot;:&quot;Wisconsin&quot;,&quot;US-WY&quot;:&quot;Wyoming&quot;}" data-states="{&quot;US-AL&quot;:&quot;Alabama&quot;,&quot;US-AK&quot;:&quot;Alaska&quot;,&quot;US-AZ&quot;:&quot;Arizona&quot;,&quot;US-AR&quot;:&quot;Arkansas&quot;,&quot;US-CA&quot;:&quot;California&quot;,&quot;US-CO&quot;:&quot;Colorado&quot;,&quot;US-CT&quot;:&quot;Connecticut&quot;,&quot;US-DE&quot;:&quot;Delaware&quot;,&quot;US-DC&quot;:&quot;District of Columbia&quot;,&quot;US-FL&quot;:&quot;Florida&quot;,&quot;US-GA&quot;:&quot;Georgia&quot;,&quot;US-HI&quot;:&quot;Hawaii&quot;,&quot;US-ID&quot;:&quot;Idaho&quot;,&quot;US-IL&quot;:&quot;Illinois&quot;,&quot;US-IN&quot;:&quot;Indiana&quot;,&quot;US-IA&quot;:&quot;Iowa&quot;,&quot;US-KS&quot;:&quot;Kansas&quot;,&quot;US-KY&quot;:&quot;Kentucky&quot;,&quot;US-LA&quot;:&quot;Louisiana&quot;,&quot;US-ME&quot;:&quot;Maine&quot;,&quot;US-MD&quot;:&quot;Maryland&quot;,&quot;US-MA&quot;:&quot;Massachusetts&quot;,&quot;US-MI&quot;:&quot;Michigan&quot;,&quot;US-MN&quot;:&quot;Minnesota&quot;,&quot;US-MS&quot;:&quot;Mississippi&quot;,&quot;US-MO&quot;:&quot;Missouri&quot;,&quot;US-MT&quot;:&quot;Montana&quot;,&quot;US-NE&quot;:&quot;Nebraska&quot;,&quot;US-NV&quot;:&quot;Nevada&quot;,&quot;US-NH&quot;:&quot;New Hampshire&quot;,&quot;US-NJ&quot;:&quot;New Jersey&quot;,&quot;US-NM&quot;:&quot;New Mexico&quot;,&quot;US-NY&quot;:&quot;New York&quot;,&quot;US-NC&quot;:&quot;North Carolina&quot;,&quot;US-ND&quot;:&quot;North Dakota&quot;,&quot;US-OH&quot;:&quot;Ohio&quot;,&quot;US-OK&quot;:&quot;Oklahoma&quot;,&quot;US-OR&quot;:&quot;Oregon&quot;,&quot;US-PA&quot;:&quot;Pennsylvania&quot;,&quot;US-RI&quot;:&quot;Rhode Island&quot;,&quot;US-SC&quot;:&quot;South Carolina&quot;,&quot;US-SD&quot;:&quot;South Dakota&quot;,&quot;US-TN&quot;:&quot;Tennessee&quot;,&quot;US-TX&quot;:&quot;Texas&quot;,&quot;US-UT&quot;:&quot;Utah&quot;,&quot;US-VT&quot;:&quot;Vermont&quot;,&quot;US-VA&quot;:&quot;Virginia&quot;,&quot;US-WA&quot;:&quot;Washington&quot;,&quot;US-WV&quot;:&quot;West Virginia&quot;,&quot;US-WI&quot;:&quot;Wisconsin&quot;,&quot;US-WY&quot;:&quot;Wyoming&quot;}" data-map-type="usa"> <h2 class="title">2023-2024 Book Bans by State</h2> <div class="map-wrapper"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:30%"> <figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[5][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" data-dominant-color="efeaea" data-has-transparency="true" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="500" height="800" sizes="auto, (max-width: min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 309px)) 100vw, min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 309px)" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Data-from-October-2024-Report-Sidebar-for-Book-Ban-Landing-Page.png" alt="" class="wp-image-55390 has-transparency" style="--dominant-color: #efeaea; width:309px;height:auto" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Data-from-October-2024-Report-Sidebar-for-Book-Ban-Landing-Page.png 500w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Data-from-October-2024-Report-Sidebar-for-Book-Ban-Landing-Page-188x300.png 188w" /></figure> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-group alignwide has-grey-light-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section)"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex" style="padding-right:0;padding-left:0"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:50%"> <figure data-od-added-id id="embed-optimizer-f90008c24e90fb10d95c27a1aa605878" class="wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube is-style-bracketed-gold" style="margin-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);margin-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium)"><div data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[6][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::DIV]" class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <iframe loading="lazy" title="PEN America: Turning the Page on Book Bans" width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/NCXb8mnAnlA?feature=oembed&#038;enablejsapi=1&#038;origin=https://pen.org" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div></figure> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:50%"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0">Primer: <strong>The Latest on Book Bans</strong></h2> <p>PEN America has documented thousands of book bans since 2021, when the scope of censorship expanded dramatically, tied to directives from elected officials &amp; pressure from local groups. Hear from our book ban expert, Kasey Meehan.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-group alignfull has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-15 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large)"> <div class="wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-top columns-with-borders is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section)"> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top carousel--text is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading has-inverted-color has-text-color has-body-large-font-size" style="padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large)">Research &amp; Resources</h2> <p class="has-inverted-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a3f2c5194f7b585a8437621b8b266547" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large)">Learn more about PEN America’s research on book bans and find out how to fight back against book restrictions.</p> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-buttons pen-america-buttons is-layout-flow wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flow" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard)"> <a class="wp-block-pen-america-button is-style-outline-white button" href="https://pen.org/book-ban-resources" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self"><span class="before-text screen-reader-text"></span><span class="text">View all resources</span><span class="after-text screen-reader-text"></span></a> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:75%"><div class="wp-block-pen-america-featured-carousel" id="featured-carousel-121" data-carousel-direction="left"> <div class="wp-block-query dynamic-blocks--container is-style-carousel is-layout-flow wp-block-query-is-layout-flow"><ul class="grid-three-up wp-block-post-template is-layout-flow wp-block-post-template-is-layout-flow"><li class="wp-block-post post-68832 report type-report status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry topic-banned-books topic-u-s-free-expression"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[1][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Cover-to-Cover-Featured-Image-jpg.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="A stack of colorful books with visible titles, such as A Court of Thorns and Roses by Sarah J. Maas, lies in the bottom section. In the background, a chalkboard displays the text: Cover to Cover: An Analysis of Titles Banned in the 23-24 School Year." srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Cover-to-Cover-Featured-Image-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Cover-to-Cover-Featured-Image-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="524849" style="--dominant-color: #524849;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Cover to Cover</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/report/cover-to-cover/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-55079 report type-report status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry topic-banned-books topic-u-s-free-expression"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[2][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Banned-in-the-USA-2023-2024-Beyond-the-Shelves-Featured-Image-jpg.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="A collection of book spines are fanned out at the bottom against a chalkboard background. The text reads: Banned in the USA 2023-2024 Beyond the Shelves." srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Banned-in-the-USA-2023-2024-Beyond-the-Shelves-Featured-Image-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Banned-in-the-USA-2023-2024-Beyond-the-Shelves-Featured-Image-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="53494a" style="--dominant-color: #53494a;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Banned in the USA: Beyond the Shelves</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/report/beyond-the-shelves/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-51399 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized article-type-blog-post topic-banned-books topic-u-s-free-expression"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[3][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Banned-Books-Week-Memo-Featured-Image-jpg.avif" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Banned-Books-Week-Memo-Featured-Image-jpg.avif 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Banned-Books-Week-Memo-Featured-Image-300x200.avif 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="5c3536" style="--dominant-color: #5c3536;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Memo on School Book Bans from PEN America</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/memo-on-school-book-bans-2023-2024-school-year/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-38060 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry topic-banned-books"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[4][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Banned-Books-Week-2024-Featured-Image-jpg.avif" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Banned-Books-Week-2024-Featured-Image-jpg.avif 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Banned-Books-Week-2024-Featured-Image-300x200.avif 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="4c3f39" style="--dominant-color: #4c3f39;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Banned Books Week 2024</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/banned-books-week-2024/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-36407 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry topic-banned-books topic-u-s-free-expression"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[5][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="2560" height="853" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/shutterstock_2315892923-scaled-e1725559468340.avif" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/shutterstock_2315892923-scaled-e1725559468340.avif 2560w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/shutterstock_2315892923-scaled-e1725559468340-300x100.avif 300w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/shutterstock_2315892923-scaled-e1725559468340-1024x341.avif 1024w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/shutterstock_2315892923-scaled-e1725559468340-1920x640.avif 1920w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="897959" style="--dominant-color: #897959;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">PEN America Index of School Book Bans &#8211; 2022-2023</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/book-bans/2023-banned-book-list/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-38237 report type-report status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry topic-banned-books topic-u-s-free-expression"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[6][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Banned-in-the-USA-April-2024-Featured-Image-jpg.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="Collage with text Banned in the USA: Narrating the Crisis. Features book covers, a protester holding a sign This book will save lives, advocates with Protect Trans Kids signs, and a library shelf." srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Banned-in-the-USA-April-2024-Featured-Image-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Banned-in-the-USA-April-2024-Featured-Image-300x200.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="a99f9c" style="--dominant-color: #a99f9c;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Banned in the USA: Narrating the Crisis</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/report/narrating-the-crisis/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-832 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry topic-banned-books"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[7][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/5-Things-You-Can-Do-to-Fight-Book-Bans-Featured-Image_black-background.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail has-transparency wp-post-image" alt="A collage featuring a hand with a pen, a stack of books behind caution tape symbolizing ways to fight book bans, a hand holding a megaphone, and voting booths adorned with American flags—all set against striking red and black backgrounds." srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/5-Things-You-Can-Do-to-Fight-Book-Bans-Featured-Image_black-background.png 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/5-Things-You-Can-Do-to-Fight-Book-Bans-Featured-Image_black-background-300x200.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="true" data-dominant-color="724b4d" style="--dominant-color: #724b4d;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">5 Ways to Fight Book Bans</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/book-bans/5-ways-fight-book-bans/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-36797 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry audience-activist audience-writer topic-banned-books topic-u-s-free-expression"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[8][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Book-Bans-FAQ.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Book-Bans-FAQ.png 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Book-Bans-FAQ-300x200.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="806f64" style="--dominant-color: #806f64;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">What Is a Book Ban? And More Frequently Asked Questions</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/book-bans-frequently-asked-questions/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section)"/> <div class="wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-container-core-group-is-layout-16 wp-block-group-is-layout-flow" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);padding-top:0;padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-bottom:0;padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard)"> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-buttons pen-america-buttons is-three-up-layout has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-pen-america-buttons-is-layout-5 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-constrained"> <a class="wp-block-pen-america-button is-style-solid-blue button" href="https://pen.org/book-bans/pen-america-index-of-school-book-bans-2023-2024/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self"><span class="before-text screen-reader-text"></span><span class="text">Index of Book Bans</span><span class="after-text screen-reader-text"></span></a> <a class="wp-block-pen-america-button is-style-solid-blue button" href="https://pen.org/book-ban-reports/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self"><span class="before-text screen-reader-text"></span><span class="text">Reports</span><span class="after-text screen-reader-text"></span></a> <a class="wp-block-pen-america-button is-style-solid-blue button" href="https://pen.org/pen-america-v-escambia-county/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self"><span class="before-text screen-reader-text"></span><span class="text">PEN America v Escambia County</span><span class="after-text screen-reader-text"></span></a> <a class="wp-block-pen-america-button is-style-solid-blue button" href="/book-bans-frequently-asked-questions" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self"><span class="before-text screen-reader-text"></span><span class="text">What is a Book Ban?</span><span class="after-text screen-reader-text"></span></a> <a class="wp-block-pen-america-button is-style-solid-blue button" href="https://pen.org/report-a-book-ban/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self"><span class="before-text screen-reader-text"></span><span class="text">Report a Book Ban</span><span class="after-text screen-reader-text"></span></a> <a class="wp-block-pen-america-button is-style-solid-blue button" href="/action" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self"><span class="before-text screen-reader-text"></span><span class="text">Take Action</span><span class="after-text screen-reader-text"></span></a> </div> </div> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section)"/> <div class="wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-25 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large)"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small)">Latest Blogs &amp; Commentary</h2> <div class="wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow"> <div class="wp-block-query dynamic-blocks--container is-layout-flow wp-block-query-is-layout-flow"><ul class="grid-three-up facetwp-template wp-block-post-template is-layout-flow wp-block-post-template-is-layout-flow"><li class="wp-block-post post-71813 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized article-type-interview blog-series-shelf-love topic-banned-books topic-writing-as-craft"> <div class="card-post wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <a href="https://pen.org/abby-jimenez-shelf-love/"><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[11][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[1][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::A]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Abby-Jimenez-jpg.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="A person with long dark hair and a bright smile is next to the cover of Just for the Summer by Abby Jimenez. The book features a colorful illustration of a beach scene with two people running by the water." srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Abby-Jimenez-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Abby-Jimenez-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="845c45" style="--dominant-color: #845c45;" /></a> </figure> <div class="wp-block-group"> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">‘Romance Novels Teach Empathy’: Abby Jimenez Cooks Up Love Stories</h2> <div class="meta"> <div class="date"><span class="is-icon icon-calendar-fill"></span><strong>Thursday April 3</strong></div> </div> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/abby-jimenez-shelf-love/">Read More</a> </div> </div> </div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-71355 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized article-type-interview topic-banned-books"> <div class="card-post wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <a href="https://pen.org/south-carolina-students-fight-back-against-book-bans-as-students-we-have-to-speak-twice-as-loudly-twice-as-eloquently/"><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[11][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[2][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::A]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/DAYLO-Interview-Featured-Image-jpg.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="A diverse group of smiling people stands outside a building with ornate pillars. They wear matching green and black shirts with DAYL logos. Some hold bags and water bottles. The atmosphere is casual and friendly." srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/DAYLO-Interview-Featured-Image-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/DAYLO-Interview-Featured-Image-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="4d5d65" style="--dominant-color: #4d5d65;" /></a> </figure> <div class="wp-block-group"> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">South Carolina Students Fight Back Against Book Bans: ‘As Students, We Have to Speak Twice as Loudly, Twice as Eloquently’</h2> <div class="meta"> <div class="date"><span class="is-icon icon-calendar-fill"></span><strong>Friday March 28</strong></div> </div> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/south-carolina-students-fight-back-against-book-bans-as-students-we-have-to-speak-twice-as-loudly-twice-as-eloquently/">Read More</a> </div> </div> </div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-71312 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized article-type-interview blog-series-shelf-love topic-banned-books topic-writing-as-craft"> <div class="card-post wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <a href="https://pen.org/dylan-allen-shelf-love/"><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[11][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[3][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::A]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Dylan-Allen-1-jpg.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="A person with long hair and glasses smiles, alongside the cover of the book 1001 Dark Nights: The Wild Card, A Rivers Wilde Novella by Dylan Allen, featuring an island scene with a tarot card on it." srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Dylan-Allen-1-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Dylan-Allen-1-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="646662" style="--dominant-color: #646662;" /></a> </figure> <div class="wp-block-group"> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">‘These are Human Stories that Resonate with Everybody’: Dylan Allen on the Power of Romance</h2> <div class="meta"> <div class="date"><span class="is-icon icon-calendar-fill"></span><strong>Friday March 28</strong></div> </div> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/dylan-allen-shelf-love/">Read More</a> </div> </div> </div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-71279 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized article-type-blog-post blog-series-the-state-of-book-bans topic-banned-books"> <div class="card-post wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <a href="https://pen.org/south-carolina-could-lead-the-nation-in-number-of-state-mandated-school-book-bans/"><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[11][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[4][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::A]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="914" height="462" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/June-2024-Full-Board-Meeting-YouTube-03-27-2025_02_38_PM-jpg.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="Five people sit at a conference table with microphones. A woman in a pink blazer speaks, while the others listen. A large screen behind them displays the Department of Education logo." srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/June-2024-Full-Board-Meeting-YouTube-03-27-2025_02_38_PM-jpg.webp 914w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/June-2024-Full-Board-Meeting-YouTube-03-27-2025_02_38_PM-300x152-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 914px) 100vw, 914px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="504d4b" style="--dominant-color: #504d4b;" /></a> </figure> <div class="wp-block-group"> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">South Carolina Could Lead The Nation In Number of State-Mandated School Book Bans</h2> <div class="meta"> <div class="date"><span class="is-icon icon-calendar-fill"></span><strong>Friday March 28</strong></div> </div> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/south-carolina-could-lead-the-nation-in-number-of-state-mandated-school-book-bans/">Read More</a> </div> </div> </div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-70976 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized article-type-blog-post blog-series-the-state-of-book-bans topic-banned-books"> <div class="card-post wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <a href="https://pen.org/st-francis-minnesota-book-ban-protest/"><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[11][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[5][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::A]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Minnesota-Book-Bans--jpg.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="A group of people, mostly teens, kneels outside holding protest signs advocating for freedom to read. They display messages like Freedom to Read and Read Banned Books. A brick building is visible in the background." srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Minnesota-Book-Bans--jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Minnesota-Book-Bans--300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="755955" style="--dominant-color: #755955;" /></a> </figure> <div class="wp-block-group"> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Students, Parents, Educators, and Authors Join to Fight Minnesota School District Book Ban Policy</h2> <div class="meta"> <div class="date"><span class="is-icon icon-calendar-fill"></span><strong>Tuesday March 25</strong></div> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-author-byline"> <span>AJ Connelly</span> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/st-francis-minnesota-book-ban-protest/">Read More</a> </div> </div> </div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-70751 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized article-type-blog-post blog-series-the-state-of-book-bans topic-banned-books"> <div class="card-post wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <a href="https://pen.org/south-carolina-book-bans/"><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[11][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[6][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::A]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/South-Carolina-Could-Ban-10-More-Books-Statewide-Featured-Image-jpg.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/South-Carolina-Could-Ban-10-More-Books-Statewide-Featured-Image-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/South-Carolina-Could-Ban-10-More-Books-Statewide-Featured-Image-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="9c8d94" style="--dominant-color: #9c8d94;" /></a> </figure> <div class="wp-block-group"> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">South Carolina Could Ban 10 More Books Statewide</h2> <div class="meta"> <div class="date"><span class="is-icon icon-calendar-fill"></span><strong>Friday March 21</strong></div> </div> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/south-carolina-book-bans/">Read More</a> </div> </div> </div> </li></ul></div> <div class="wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-23 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80-section);padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"><div class="wp-block-pen-america-facetwp-facets is-layout-flow wp-block-facetwp-facets-is-layout-flow"> <div class="facetwp-facet facetwp-facet-pagination facetwp-type-pager" data-name="pagination" data-type="pager"></div> </div></div> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-cover aligncenter" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large)"><span aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-cover__background has-black-background-color has-background-dim"></span><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[3][self::MAIN]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[12][self::DIV]/*[2][self::IMG]" data-dominant-color="727571" data-has-transparency="false" style="--dominant-color: #727571;" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1920" height="1440" sizes="auto, (max-width: min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 1920px)) 100vw, min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 1920px)" class="wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-10778 not-transparent" alt="" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/banned-book-week-Credit-Kennedy-Library-scaled-1-jpg-webp.webp" data-object-fit="cover" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/banned-book-week-Credit-Kennedy-Library-scaled-1-jpg-webp.webp 1920w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/banned-book-week-Credit-Kennedy-Library-scaled-1-300x225.webp 300w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/banned-book-week-Credit-Kennedy-Library-scaled-1-1024x768.webp 1024w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/banned-book-week-Credit-Kennedy-Library-scaled-1-1440x1080.webp 1440w" /><div class="wp-block-cover__inner-container has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-cover-is-layout-1 wp-block-cover-is-layout-constrained"> <div class="wp-block-columns has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a19971736c1f128c9a9916cc119bb17f is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section)"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <div class="wp-block-group has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-26 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"> <p></p> </blockquote> <figure style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);margin-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);margin-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large)" class="wp-block-pen-america-advanced-pullquote is-style-bracket-color-red is-style-quotes-color-red is-style-bracket-small is-style-animate is-style-quotes-hidden is-layout-flow wp-block-advanced-pullquote-is-layout-flow" data-sticky-offset="20"> <p class="has-text-align-center">Join the fight against book removals, restrictions, and bans across the U.S. Support PEN America and stand with banned authors, beleagured librarians and embattled educators.</p> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-buttons pen-america-buttons is-three-up-layout has-global-padding is-content-justification-center is-layout-constrained wp-block-buttons-is-layout-constrained"> <a class="wp-block-pen-america-button is-style-solid-blue-arrow button" href="https://pen.org/2025-support-pen-america-web/?ms=bookbanpagebutton" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span class="before-text screen-reader-text"></span><span class="text">Donate Now</span><span class="after-text screen-reader-text"></span></a> </div> </figure> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large)"/> </div> </main> <footer class="site-footer wp-block-template-part"> <div class="wp-block-group is-layout-constrained has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-2df14c4718b9de63b49d9b29b2e06af1 has-global-padding wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"> <div class="wp-block-columns footer-top is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><a href="https://pen.org"><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class=&#039;wp-site-blocks&#039;]/*[4][self::FOOTER]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::A]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="182" height="70" sizes="auto, (max-width: min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 182px)) 100vw, min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 182px)" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/logo-reverse.svg" alt="PEN America logo and tagline" class="wp-image-322"/></a></figure> </div> <div class="wp-block-column k-display--grid is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <ul class="wp-block-social-links has-icon-color is-style-logos-only is-horizontal is-content-justification-right is-layout-flex wp-container-core-social-links-is-layout-1 wp-block-social-links-is-layout-flex"><li style="color: var(--pen-color-white); " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-bluesky has-White-color wp-block-social-link"><a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://bsky.app/profile/penamerica.bsky.social" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M6.3,4.2c2.3,1.7,4.8,5.3,5.7,7.2.9-1.9,3.4-5.4,5.7-7.2,1.7-1.3,4.3-2.2,4.3.9s-.4,5.2-.6,5.9c-.7,2.6-3.3,3.2-5.6,2.8,4,.7,5.1,3,2.9,5.3-5,5.2-6.7-2.8-6.7-2.8,0,0-1.7,8-6.7,2.8-2.2-2.3-1.2-4.6,2.9-5.3-2.3.4-4.9-.3-5.6-2.8-.2-.7-.6-5.3-.6-5.9,0-3.1,2.7-2.1,4.3-.9h0Z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">Bluesky</span></a></li> <li style="color: var(--pen-color-white); " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-facebook has-White-color wp-block-social-link"><a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://facebook.com/penamerica" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M12 2C6.5 2 2 6.5 2 12c0 5 3.7 9.1 8.4 9.9v-7H7.9V12h2.5V9.8c0-2.5 1.5-3.9 3.8-3.9 1.1 0 2.2.2 2.2.2v2.5h-1.3c-1.2 0-1.6.8-1.6 1.6V12h2.8l-.4 2.9h-2.3v7C18.3 21.1 22 17 22 12c0-5.5-4.5-10-10-10z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">Facebook</span></a></li> <li style="color: var(--pen-color-white); " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-instagram has-White-color wp-block-social-link"><a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://instagram.com/penamerica" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M12,4.622c2.403,0,2.688,0.009,3.637,0.052c0.877,0.04,1.354,0.187,1.671,0.31c0.42,0.163,0.72,0.358,1.035,0.673 c0.315,0.315,0.51,0.615,0.673,1.035c0.123,0.317,0.27,0.794,0.31,1.671c0.043,0.949,0.052,1.234,0.052,3.637 s-0.009,2.688-0.052,3.637c-0.04,0.877-0.187,1.354-0.31,1.671c-0.163,0.42-0.358,0.72-0.673,1.035 c-0.315,0.315-0.615,0.51-1.035,0.673c-0.317,0.123-0.794,0.27-1.671,0.31c-0.949,0.043-1.233,0.052-3.637,0.052 s-2.688-0.009-3.637-0.052c-0.877-0.04-1.354-0.187-1.671-0.31c-0.42-0.163-0.72-0.358-1.035-0.673 c-0.315-0.315-0.51-0.615-0.673-1.035c-0.123-0.317-0.27-0.794-0.31-1.671C4.631,14.688,4.622,14.403,4.622,12 s0.009-2.688,0.052-3.637c0.04-0.877,0.187-1.354,0.31-1.671c0.163-0.42,0.358-0.72,0.673-1.035 c0.315-0.315,0.615-0.51,1.035-0.673c0.317-0.123,0.794-0.27,1.671-0.31C9.312,4.631,9.597,4.622,12,4.622 M12,3 C9.556,3,9.249,3.01,8.289,3.054C7.331,3.098,6.677,3.25,6.105,3.472C5.513,3.702,5.011,4.01,4.511,4.511 c-0.5,0.5-0.808,1.002-1.038,1.594C3.25,6.677,3.098,7.331,3.054,8.289C3.01,9.249,3,9.556,3,12c0,2.444,0.01,2.751,0.054,3.711 c0.044,0.958,0.196,1.612,0.418,2.185c0.23,0.592,0.538,1.094,1.038,1.594c0.5,0.5,1.002,0.808,1.594,1.038 c0.572,0.222,1.227,0.375,2.185,0.418C9.249,20.99,9.556,21,12,21s2.751-0.01,3.711-0.054c0.958-0.044,1.612-0.196,2.185-0.418 c0.592-0.23,1.094-0.538,1.594-1.038c0.5-0.5,0.808-1.002,1.038-1.594c0.222-0.572,0.375-1.227,0.418-2.185 C20.99,14.751,21,14.444,21,12s-0.01-2.751-0.054-3.711c-0.044-0.958-0.196-1.612-0.418-2.185c-0.23-0.592-0.538-1.094-1.038-1.594 c-0.5-0.5-1.002-0.808-1.594-1.038c-0.572-0.222-1.227-0.375-2.185-0.418C14.751,3.01,14.444,3,12,3L12,3z M12,7.378 c-2.552,0-4.622,2.069-4.622,4.622S9.448,16.622,12,16.622s4.622-2.069,4.622-4.622S14.552,7.378,12,7.378z M12,15 c-1.657,0-3-1.343-3-3s1.343-3,3-3s3,1.343,3,3S13.657,15,12,15z M16.804,6.116c-0.596,0-1.08,0.484-1.08,1.08 s0.484,1.08,1.08,1.08c0.596,0,1.08-0.484,1.08-1.08S17.401,6.116,16.804,6.116z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">Instagram</span></a></li> <li style="color: var(--pen-color-white); " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-linkedin has-White-color wp-block-social-link"><a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://linkedin.com/company/penamerica" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M19.7,3H4.3C3.582,3,3,3.582,3,4.3v15.4C3,20.418,3.582,21,4.3,21h15.4c0.718,0,1.3-0.582,1.3-1.3V4.3 C21,3.582,20.418,3,19.7,3z M8.339,18.338H5.667v-8.59h2.672V18.338z M7.004,8.574c-0.857,0-1.549-0.694-1.549-1.548 c0-0.855,0.691-1.548,1.549-1.548c0.854,0,1.547,0.694,1.547,1.548C8.551,7.881,7.858,8.574,7.004,8.574z M18.339,18.338h-2.669 v-4.177c0-0.996-0.017-2.278-1.387-2.278c-1.389,0-1.601,1.086-1.601,2.206v4.249h-2.667v-8.59h2.559v1.174h0.037 c0.356-0.675,1.227-1.387,2.526-1.387c2.703,0,3.203,1.779,3.203,4.092V18.338z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">LinkedIn</span></a></li> <li style="color: var(--pen-color-white); " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-threads has-White-color wp-block-social-link"><a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.threads.net/@penamerica" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M16.3 11.3c-.1 0-.2-.1-.2-.1-.1-2.6-1.5-4-3.9-4-1.4 0-2.6.6-3.3 1.7l1.3.9c.5-.8 1.4-1 2-1 .8 0 1.4.2 1.7.7.3.3.5.8.5 1.3-.7-.1-1.4-.2-2.2-.1-2.2.1-3.7 1.4-3.6 3.2 0 .9.5 1.7 1.3 2.2.7.4 1.5.6 2.4.6 1.2-.1 2.1-.5 2.7-1.3.5-.6.8-1.4.9-2.4.6.3 1 .8 1.2 1.3.4.9.4 2.4-.8 3.6-1.1 1.1-2.3 1.5-4.3 1.5-2.1 0-3.8-.7-4.8-2S5.7 14.3 5.7 12c0-2.3.5-4.1 1.5-5.4 1.1-1.3 2.7-2 4.8-2 2.2 0 3.8.7 4.9 2 .5.7.9 1.5 1.2 2.5l1.5-.4c-.3-1.2-.8-2.2-1.5-3.1-1.3-1.7-3.3-2.6-6-2.6-2.6 0-4.7.9-6 2.6C4.9 7.2 4.3 9.3 4.3 12s.6 4.8 1.9 6.4c1.4 1.7 3.4 2.6 6 2.6 2.3 0 4-.6 5.3-2 1.8-1.8 1.7-4 1.1-5.4-.4-.9-1.2-1.7-2.3-2.3zm-4 3.8c-1 .1-2-.4-2-1.3 0-.7.5-1.5 2.1-1.6h.5c.6 0 1.1.1 1.6.2-.2 2.3-1.3 2.7-2.2 2.7z"/></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">Threads</span></a></li> <li style="color: var(--pen-color-white); " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-tiktok has-White-color wp-block-social-link"><a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://tiktok.com/@penamerica" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 32 32" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M16.708 0.027c1.745-0.027 3.48-0.011 5.213-0.027 0.105 2.041 0.839 4.12 2.333 5.563 1.491 1.479 3.6 2.156 5.652 2.385v5.369c-1.923-0.063-3.855-0.463-5.6-1.291-0.76-0.344-1.468-0.787-2.161-1.24-0.009 3.896 0.016 7.787-0.025 11.667-0.104 1.864-0.719 3.719-1.803 5.255-1.744 2.557-4.771 4.224-7.88 4.276-1.907 0.109-3.812-0.411-5.437-1.369-2.693-1.588-4.588-4.495-4.864-7.615-0.032-0.667-0.043-1.333-0.016-1.984 0.24-2.537 1.495-4.964 3.443-6.615 2.208-1.923 5.301-2.839 8.197-2.297 0.027 1.975-0.052 3.948-0.052 5.923-1.323-0.428-2.869-0.308-4.025 0.495-0.844 0.547-1.485 1.385-1.819 2.333-0.276 0.676-0.197 1.427-0.181 2.145 0.317 2.188 2.421 4.027 4.667 3.828 1.489-0.016 2.916-0.88 3.692-2.145 0.251-0.443 0.532-0.896 0.547-1.417 0.131-2.385 0.079-4.76 0.095-7.145 0.011-5.375-0.016-10.735 0.025-16.093z" /></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">TikTok</span></a></li> <li style="color: var(--pen-color-white); " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-x has-White-color wp-block-social-link"><a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://x.com/penamerica" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M13.982 10.622 20.54 3h-1.554l-5.693 6.618L8.745 3H3.5l6.876 10.007L3.5 21h1.554l6.012-6.989L15.868 21h5.245l-7.131-10.378Zm-2.128 2.474-.697-.997-5.543-7.93H8l4.474 6.4.697.996 5.815 8.318h-2.387l-4.745-6.787Z" /></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">X</span></a></li> <li style="color: var(--pen-color-white); " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-youtube has-White-color wp-block-social-link"><a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://youtube.com/penamerica" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M21.8,8.001c0,0-0.195-1.378-0.795-1.985c-0.76-0.797-1.613-0.801-2.004-0.847c-2.799-0.202-6.997-0.202-6.997-0.202 h-0.009c0,0-4.198,0-6.997,0.202C4.608,5.216,3.756,5.22,2.995,6.016C2.395,6.623,2.2,8.001,2.2,8.001S2,9.62,2,11.238v1.517 c0,1.618,0.2,3.237,0.2,3.237s0.195,1.378,0.795,1.985c0.761,0.797,1.76,0.771,2.205,0.855c1.6,0.153,6.8,0.201,6.8,0.201 s4.203-0.006,7.001-0.209c0.391-0.047,1.243-0.051,2.004-0.847c0.6-0.607,0.795-1.985,0.795-1.985s0.2-1.618,0.2-3.237v-1.517 C22,9.62,21.8,8.001,21.8,8.001z M9.935,14.594l-0.001-5.62l5.404,2.82L9.935,14.594z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">YouTube</span></a></li></ul> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-10 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <nav aria-label="Footer: PEN Locations"> <h2 class="footer-heading">PEN America</h2> <ul id="footer-pen-locations-navigation" class="--nav footer"><li id="menu-item-48880" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-48880"><a href="https://pen.org/new-york-office/">PEN America New York</a></li> <li id="menu-item-48552" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-48552"><a href="https://pen.org/los-angeles-office/">PEN America Los Angeles</a></li> <li id="menu-item-48553" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-48553"><a href="https://pen.org/washington-dc-office/">PEN America Washington, DC</a></li> <li id="menu-item-48554" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-48554"><a href="https://pen.org/florida-office/">PEN America Florida</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <nav aria-label="Footer"> <h2 class="footer-heading">Quick Links</h2> <ul id="footer-navigation" class="--nav footer"><li id="menu-item-48882" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-48882"><a href="https://pen.org/press-releases/">Press Releases</a></li> <li id="menu-item-48883" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-48883"><a href="https://pen.org/careers/">Careers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-66" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-66"><a href="https://pen.org/events/">Events</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <nav aria-label="Footer: Links Only"> <ul id="footer-no-header-navigation" class="--nav footer"><li id="menu-item-49167" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-49167"><a href="https://pen.org/blog-posts/">Blogs &#038; Commentary</a></li> <li id="menu-item-49166" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-49166"><a href="https://pen.org/about-us/#financials">Financials</a></li> <li id="menu-item-49168" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-49168"><a href="https://pen.org/reports/">Research &#038; Reports</a></li> <li id="menu-item-53965" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-privacy-policy menu-item-53965"><a rel="privacy-policy" href="https://pen.org/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading has-inverted-color has-text-color has-link-color has-body-font-size wp-elements-704e1c8a431a48f22dc4e1d9d77f8261" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;line-height:1.6">Support Our Work</h2> <p class="has-inverted-color has-text-color has-link-color has-body-small-font-size wp-elements-08bf981d93d8c6959ff22e7108c50cda" style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;line-height:1.5">Help protect the freedom to write, read, and learn by donating to PEN America today.</p> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-buttons pen-america-buttons is-layout-flow wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flow"> <a class="wp-block-pen-america-button is-style-outline-white button" href="https://pen.org/2025-support-pen-america-web/?utm_source=website&amp;utm_medium=sitefooter&amp;utm_campaign=donatebutton&amp;ms=footerdonatebutton" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self"><span class="before-text screen-reader-text"></span><span class="text">Donate Now</span><span class="after-text screen-reader-text"></span></a> </div> </div> </div> <p class="k-block--copyright">Copyright © 2025 PEN America. All rights reserved | <a href="/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></p> </div> </footer> </div> <script type="speculationrules"> {"prerender":[{"source":"document","where":{"and":[{"href_matches":"\/*"},{"not":{"href_matches":["\/wp-*.php","\/wp-admin\/*","\/wp-content\/uploads\/*","\/wp-content\/*","\/wp-content\/plugins\/*","\/wp-content\/themes\/custom\/pen-america\/*","\/*\\?(.+)"]}},{"not":{"selector_matches":"a[rel~=\"nofollow\"]"}},{"not":{"selector_matches":".no-prerender"}}]},"eagerness":"moderate"}]} </script> <script> var relevanssi_rt_regex = /(&|\?)_(rt|rt_nonce)=(\w+)/g var newUrl = window.location.search.replace(relevanssi_rt_regex, '') history.replaceState(null, null, window.location.pathname + newUrl + window.location.hash) </script> <script id="wp-block-template-skip-link-js-after"> ( function() { var skipLinkTarget = document.querySelector( 'main' ), sibling, skipLinkTargetID, skipLink; // Early exit if a skip-link target can't be located. if ( ! skipLinkTarget ) { return; } /* * Get the site wrapper. * The skip-link will be injected in the beginning of it. */ sibling = document.querySelector( '.wp-site-blocks' ); // Early exit if the root element was not found. if ( ! sibling ) { return; } // Get the skip-link target's ID, and generate one if it doesn't exist. skipLinkTargetID = skipLinkTarget.id; if ( ! skipLinkTargetID ) { skipLinkTargetID = 'wp--skip-link--target'; skipLinkTarget.id = skipLinkTargetID; } // Create the skip link. skipLink = document.createElement( 'a' ); skipLink.classList.add( 'skip-link', 'screen-reader-text' ); skipLink.href = '#' + skipLinkTargetID; skipLink.innerHTML = 'Skip to content'; // Inject the skip link. sibling.parentElement.insertBefore( skipLink, sibling ); }() ); </script> <script id="jquery.wp-smartcrop-js-extra"> var wpsmartcrop_options = {"focus_mode":"power-lines"}; </script> <script src="https://pen.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-smartcrop/js/jquery.wp-smartcrop.min.js?ver=2.0.10" id="jquery.wp-smartcrop-js"></script> <script src="https://pen.org/wp-content/themes/custom/pen-america/assets/dist/js/vendor.2f7768755b022b792183.js?ver=1.0.0" id="kanopi-pack-vendor-js"></script> <script src="https://pen.org/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/lodash.min.js?ver=4.17.21" id="lodash-js"></script> <script id="lodash-js-after"> window.lodash = _.noConflict(); </script> <script src="https://pen.org/wp-content/themes/custom/pen-america/assets/dist/js/runtime.deb43d201b2599915954.js?ver=1.0.0" id="kanopi-pack-runtime-js"></script> <script src="https://pen.org/wp-content/themes/custom/pen-america/assets/dist/js/pen-site.e0b7b361cbdc3d8b983f.js?ver=1.0.0" id="kanopi-pack-pen-site-js"></script> <link href="https://pen.org/wp-content/plugins/facetwp/assets/css/front.css?ver=4.3.6" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="https://pen.org/wp-content/plugins/facetwp/assets/js/dist/front.min.js?ver=4.3.6"></script> <link href="https://pen.org/wp-content/plugins/facetwp-blocks-addon/assets/css/front.css?ver=0.2" rel="stylesheet"> <script> window.FWP_JSON = {"prefix":"_","no_results_text":"No results found","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/pen.org\/wp-json\/facetwp\/v1\/refresh","nonce":"7d2e5ca63f","preload_data":{"facets":{"pagination":"<div class=\"facetwp-pager\"><a class=\"facetwp-page first active\" data-page=\"1\">1<\/a><a class=\"facetwp-page\" data-page=\"2\">2<\/a><a class=\"facetwp-page\" data-page=\"3\">3<\/a><a class=\"facetwp-page dots\">\u2026<\/a><a class=\"facetwp-page last\" data-page=\"19\">19<\/a><a class=\"facetwp-page next\" data-page=\"2\">Next<\/a><\/div>"},"template":"","settings":{"debug":"Enable debug mode in [Settings > FacetWP > Settings]","pager":{"page":1,"per_page":6,"total_rows":109,"total_rows_unfiltered":109,"total_pages":19},"num_choices":[],"labels":{"pagination":"Pagination"},"pagination":{"pager_type":"numbers","scroll_target":"","scroll_offset":0},"post_type":{"showSearch":false},"article_type":{"showSearch":false},"topic":{"showSearch":false},"country":{"showSearch":false},"year":{"showSearch":false},"action_types":{"showSearch":false},"event_type":{"showSearch":false},"venue":{"showSearch":false},"region":{"showSearch":false},"gender":{"showSearch":false},"status":{"showSearch":false},"professional_designation":{"showSearch":false}}}}; window.FWP_HTTP = {"get":[],"uri":"book-bans","url_vars":[]}; </script> <script type="module"> import detect from "https:\/\/pen.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/optimization-detective\/detect.min.js?ver=1.0.0-beta3"; detect( {"minViewportAspectRatio":0.4,"maxViewportAspectRatio":2.5,"isDebug":false,"extensionModuleUrls":["https:\/\/pen.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/image-prioritizer\/detect.min.js?ver=1.0.0-beta2","https:\/\/pen.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/embed-optimizer\/detect.min.js?ver=1.0.0-beta2"],"restApiEndpoint":"https:\/\/pen.org\/wp-json\/optimization-detective\/v1\/url-metrics:store","currentETag":"c4ec6082f6bcea33e1ee3ea6b64b1e4b","currentUrl":"https:\/\/pen.org\/book-bans\/","urlMetricSlug":"31922ce67dc8d7afc1994ae08a012513","cachePurgePostId":38976,"urlMetricHMAC":"12f46eefc3bac409ffccea1eb7be2eff","urlMetricGroupStatuses":[{"minimumViewportWidth":0,"maximumViewportWidth":480,"complete":true},{"minimumViewportWidth":480,"maximumViewportWidth":600,"complete":false},{"minimumViewportWidth":600,"maximumViewportWidth":782,"complete":true},{"minimumViewportWidth":782,"maximumViewportWidth":null,"complete":true}],"storageLockTTL":60,"freshnessTTL":604800,"webVitalsLibrarySrc":"https:\/\/pen.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/optimization-detective\/build\/web-vitals.js?ver=4.2.4"} ); </script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"NRJS-67a19b13b1208ee00aa","applicationID":"511463069","transactionName":"YVZSZEJVXhZWVBBaWlgccVNEXV8LGEMBXkVaUkRVHVdRC0FWFw==","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":2089,"atts":"TRFREgpPTRg=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10