CINXE.COM
PEN America - The Freedom to Write
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We champion the freedom to write, recognizing the power of the word to transform the world. </p> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-buttons pen-america-buttons is-layout-flow wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flow"> <a class="wp-block-pen-america-button is-style-outline-white button" href="https://pen.org/join" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self"><span class="before-text screen-reader-text"></span><span class="text">Join Us</span><span class="after-text screen-reader-text"></span></a> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="wp-block-group alignfull is-style-text-media-buttons has-gray-light-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-9 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard)"> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <div class="wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading has-text-align-left" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small)">The Writers Room</h2> <p>PEN America was created more than 100 years ago for writers and they remain at the heart of what we do. We support them with grants, fellowships, awards, workshops, and quality public programming while defending their freedom to write.</p> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-buttons wp-block-pen--america-buttons pen-america-buttons is-layout-flow wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flow" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large)"> <a class="wp-block-pen-america-button is-style-outline-black button" href="/the-writers-room/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self"><span class="before-text screen-reader-text"></span><span class="text">Opportunities for Writers & Translators</span><span class="after-text screen-reader-text"></span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized is-style-bracketed-red"><img data-od-replaced-sizes="(max-width: min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 350px)) 100vw, min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 350px)" data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[3][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="720" height="480" sizes="(width <= 480px) 255px, (480px < width <= 600px) 350px, (600px < width <= 782px) 350px, (782px < width) 350px" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Writers-Room-Homepage-Collage.png" alt="" class="wp-image-44604" style="object-fit:cover;width:350px;height:auto" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Writers-Room-Homepage-Collage.png 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Writers-Room-Homepage-Collage-300x200.png 300w" /></figure> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-group has-blue-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-10 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section)"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading is-style-background-line-red has-inverted-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-78edddb9ab488f0230fb94882b56b94e" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard)">Upcoming Events</h2> <div class="wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40-large);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80-section);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80-section)"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><a href="https://worldvoices.pen.org/"><img data-od-added-loading data-od-replaced-sizes="(max-width: min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 720px)) 100vw, min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 720px)" data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[4][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::A]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" width="720" height="480" sizes="auto, (max-width: min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 720px)) 100vw, min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 720px)" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Festival-On-Sale-Announcement-Carousel—Generic-720-x-480-px-png.webp" alt="Bold text in the center reads PEN America World Voices Festival, April 30 - May 3, 2025, NYC - LA. Colorful books surround the text. At the bottom, it says for the love of books in a playful font. Bright background in purple, green, orange, and yellow." class="wp-image-72420" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Festival-On-Sale-Announcement-Carousel—Generic-720-x-480-px-png.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Festival-On-Sale-Announcement-Carousel—Generic-720-x-480-px-300x200-png.webp 300w" /></a></figure> <p class="has-text-align-center has-inverted-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d2859466d9b2c531f0d1441796a06750" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small)"><strong>World Voices Festival</strong><br><strong>April 30 – May 3</strong></p> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><a href="https://pen.org/event/2025-pen-america-literary-awards-ceremony/"><img data-od-added-loading data-od-replaced-sizes="(max-width: min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 720px)) 100vw, min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 720px)" data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[4][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::A]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" width="720" height="480" sizes="auto, (max-width: min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 720px)) 100vw, min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 720px)" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Literary-Awards-Ceremony-Event-Page-Graphic-2025_v2-jpg.webp" alt="A collage of book covers, each showcasing diverse designs and titles, forms the backdrop. Overlay text reads 61st Annual Literary Awards Ceremony: The Oscars for Books in bold, elegant font." class="wp-image-72479" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Literary-Awards-Ceremony-Event-Page-Graphic-2025_v2-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Literary-Awards-Ceremony-Event-Page-Graphic-2025_v2-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" /></a></figure> <p class="has-text-align-center has-inverted-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c998834315aec1b6088ca1c372aac8b9" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small)"><strong>Literary Awards</strong><br><strong>May 8</strong></p> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><a href="https://pen.org/2025gala/"><img data-od-added-loading data-od-replaced-sizes="(max-width: min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 720px)) 100vw, min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 720px)" data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[4][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[3][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::A]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" width="720" height="480" sizes="auto, (max-width: min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 720px)) 100vw, min(var(--pen-max-container-width-padded), 720px)" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Gala-2025-Featured-Image-1-jpg.webp" alt="An artistic image of an open book with the text PEN America Literary Gala in yellow and white. The event is at the American Museum of Natural History on May 15, 2025." class="wp-image-72421" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Gala-2025-Featured-Image-1-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Gala-2025-Featured-Image-1-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" /></a></figure> <p class="has-text-align-center has-inverted-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b0b2cde222c0634165c637f69dcb13f3" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10-small)"><strong>Literary Gala</strong><br><strong>May 15</strong></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-group alignfull latest-updates-section has-grey-light-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-17 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50-section);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80-section)"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading has-text-align-center is-style-background-line-red" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20-standard)">Featured Work</h2> <div class="wp-block-query dynamic-blocks--container has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-query-is-layout-1 wp-block-query-is-layout-constrained"><ul class="columns-3 grid-three-up facetwp-template wp-block-post-template is-layout-grid wp-container-core-post-template-is-layout-1 wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid"><li class="wp-block-post post-73722 report type-report status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry topic-u-s-free-expression"> <div class="wp-block-group latest-updates-card has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-11 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium)"><figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image " style="" ><img data-od-added-loading data-od-replaced-sizes="(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[5][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[1][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" loading="lazy" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/A-Five-Alarm-Fire-for-Free-Speech-Featured-Image-png.webp" class="attachment-full size-full has-transparency wp-post-image" alt="A graphic showing the Bill of Rights being shredded in a meat grinder, with text: “A Five-Alarm Fire for Free Speech: The Trump Administration’s 100 Day Assault on Free Expression.”." decoding="async" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/A-Five-Alarm-Fire-for-Free-Speech-Featured-Image-png.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/A-Five-Alarm-Fire-for-Free-Speech-Featured-Image-300x200-png.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="true" data-dominant-color="ce293c" style="--dominant-color: #ce293c;" /></figure> <h1 style="font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:800; padding-right:0;padding-left:0;" class="wp-block-post-title has-heading-font-family"><a href="https://pen.org/report/trump-administration-100-days/" target="_self" >A Five-Alarm Fire for Free Speech</a></h1></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-73208 report type-report status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry topic-global-free-expression topic-writers-at-risk"> <div class="wp-block-group latest-updates-card has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-12 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium)"><figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image " style="" ><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[5][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[2][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Freedom-to-Write-Index-2024-Featured-Image-jpg.webp" class="attachment-full size-full not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="Six people stand side by side in front of a blue, handwritten-text background. Bold text reads “Freedom to Write Index 2024.” Photo credits appear in small print at the bottom." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Freedom-to-Write-Index-2024-Featured-Image-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Freedom-to-Write-Index-2024-Featured-Image-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="4d6184" style="--dominant-color: #4d6184;" /></figure> <h1 style="font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:800; padding-right:0;padding-left:0;" class="wp-block-post-title has-heading-font-family"><a href="https://pen.org/report/freedom-to-write-index-2024/" target="_self" >Freedom to Write Index 2024</a></h1></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-72765 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry topic-banned-books"> <div class="wp-block-group latest-updates-card has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-13 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium)"><figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image " style="" ><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[5][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[3][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/PEN-America-Tennessee-Lawsuit-Featured-Image-jpg.webp" class="attachment-full size-full not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="Ten book covers are displayed in two rows under a red “PEN AMERICA V. BOOK BANS” stamp. The books include titles by Judy Blume, Margaret Atwood, Angie Thomas, and others." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/PEN-America-Tennessee-Lawsuit-Featured-Image-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/PEN-America-Tennessee-Lawsuit-Featured-Image-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="beb7b2" style="--dominant-color: #beb7b2;" /></figure> <h1 style="font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:800; padding-right:0;padding-left:0;" class="wp-block-post-title has-heading-font-family"><a href="https://pen.org/roe-v-rutherford-county-board-of-education/" target="_self" >Roe v. Rutherford County Board of Education </a></h1></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-68832 report type-report status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry topic-banned-books topic-u-s-free-expression"> <div class="wp-block-group latest-updates-card has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-14 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium)"><figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image " style="" ><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[5][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[4][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Cover-to-Cover-Featured-Image-jpg.webp" class="attachment-full size-full not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="A stack of colorful books with visible titles, such as A Court of Thorns and Roses by Sarah J. Maas, lies in the bottom section. In the background, a chalkboard displays the text: Cover to Cover: An Analysis of Titles Banned in the 23-24 School Year." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Cover-to-Cover-Featured-Image-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Cover-to-Cover-Featured-Image-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="524849" style="--dominant-color: #524849;" /></figure> <h1 style="font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:800; padding-right:0;padding-left:0;" class="wp-block-post-title has-heading-font-family"><a href="https://pen.org/report/cover-to-cover/" target="_self" >Cover to Cover</a></h1></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-66194 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized article-type-blog-post article-type-reading-list audience-activist audience-writer blog-series-the-state-of-book-bans topic-banned-books"> <div class="wp-block-group latest-updates-card has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-15 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium)"><figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image " style="" ><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[5][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[5][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="1440" height="960" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-Banned-Books-2024-Featured-Image-copy-jpg.webp" class="attachment-full size-full not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="A vertical stack of books with visible titles, including Water for Elephants, The Handmaids Tale, and The Kite Runner, showcases thought-provoking stories often found on the banned books list 2024, alongside Crank and Thirteen Reasons Why." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-Banned-Books-2024-Featured-Image-copy-jpg.webp 1440w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-Banned-Books-2024-Featured-Image-copy-300x200-jpg.webp 300w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Top-Banned-Books-2024-Featured-Image-copy-1024x683-jpg.webp 1024w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="8b7a74" style="--dominant-color: #8b7a74;" /></figure> <h1 style="font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:800; padding-right:0;padding-left:0;" class="wp-block-post-title has-heading-font-family"><a href="https://pen.org/banned-books-list-2025/" target="_self" >Banned Books List 2025</a></h1></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-53451 report type-report status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry topic-educational-censorship topic-u-s-free-expression"> <div class="wp-block-group latest-updates-card has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-16 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium)"><figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image " style="" ><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[5][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[6][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Americas-Censored-Classrooms-2024-Featured-Image-jpg.webp" class="attachment-full size-full not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="A graphic titled America’s Censored Classrooms 2024: Refining the Art of Censorship features a university building with words like Caution and LGBTQ+ Studies partially obscured by a peeling corner, symbolizing the pressing issue of censorship in educational spaces." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Americas-Censored-Classrooms-2024-Featured-Image-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Americas-Censored-Classrooms-2024-Featured-Image-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="4d4848" style="--dominant-color: #4d4848;" /></figure> <h1 style="font-size:22px;font-style:normal;font-weight:800; padding-right:0;padding-left:0;" class="wp-block-post-title has-heading-font-family"><a href="https://pen.org/report/americas-censored-classrooms-2024/" target="_self" >America’s Censored Classrooms 2024</a></h1></div> </li></ul></div> </div> <div class="wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading is-style-background-line-gold">Get Involved Today</h2> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-buttons pen-america-buttons is-three-up-layout has-global-padding is-content-justification-center is-layout-constrained wp-container-pen-america-buttons-is-layout-4 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30-medium)"> <a class="wp-block-pen-america-button is-style-solid-blue-arrow button" href="https://pen.org/membership/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self"><span class="before-text screen-reader-text"></span><span class="text">Become a member</span><span class="after-text screen-reader-text"></span></a> <a class="wp-block-pen-america-button is-style-solid-blue-arrow button" href="https://pen.org/2025-support-pen-america-web/?ms=homepagebluebutton" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self"><span class="before-text screen-reader-text"></span><span class="text">Donate</span><span class="after-text 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data-carousel-direction="left"> <div class="wp-block-query dynamic-blocks--container is-style-carousel is-layout-flow wp-block-query-is-layout-flow"><ul class="grid-three-up wp-block-post-template is-layout-flow wp-block-post-template-is-layout-flow"><li class="wp-block-post post-38976 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry page-type-landing-page topic-banned-books"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[1][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="1920" height="1000" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Banned-Book-Report-header-Sept-02-V131-jpg.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="books with redacted titles" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Banned-Book-Report-header-Sept-02-V131-jpg.webp 1920w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Banned-Book-Report-header-Sept-02-V131-300x156.webp 300w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Banned-Book-Report-header-Sept-02-V131-1024x533.webp 1024w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="4d463e" style="--dominant-color: #4d463e;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Book Bans</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/book-bans/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-38416 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry page-type-landing-page topic-global-free-expression topic-writers-at-risk"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[2][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/PEN-Barbey-Freedom-to-Write-Center-Key-Artwork-Collage.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail has-transparency wp-post-image" alt="A woman with long hair, seen from behind, raises her hand in a victory sign in front of a burning barrel on a street. Cars are parked nearby. A close-up of a pen writing text overlays part of the scene. Red and black colors dominate the composition." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/PEN-Barbey-Freedom-to-Write-Center-Key-Artwork-Collage.png 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/PEN-Barbey-Freedom-to-Write-Center-Key-Artwork-Collage-300x200.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="true" data-dominant-color="563b3e" style="--dominant-color: #563b3e;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Writers at Risk Advocacy</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/writers-at-risk-advocacy/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-39176 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry page-type-landing-page topic-literary-awards"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[3][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Copy-of-pen.org-Featured-Image-Template-2-jpg.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="Literary Award Seal" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Copy-of-pen.org-Featured-Image-Template-2-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Copy-of-pen.org-Featured-Image-Template-2-300x200.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="e9dbbb" style="--dominant-color: #e9dbbb;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Literary Awards</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/literary-awards/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-38410 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry page-type-landing-page topic-organizational"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[4][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="800" height="534" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/30122075146_c9ca3115e0_c-jpg-webp.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="Campus protest" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/30122075146_c9ca3115e0_c-jpg-webp.webp 800w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/30122075146_c9ca3115e0_c-300x200.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="6b6c6b" style="--dominant-color: #6b6c6b;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Campus Free Speech</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/campus-free-speech/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-38409 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry page-type-landing-page topic-online-abuse"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[5][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Online-Abuse-Test-Issue-Page-Graphic.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail has-transparency wp-post-image" alt="A collage features a hand holding a phone with app icons like Instagram, Facebook, TikTok, Threads, Messenger, Telegram, and WhatsApp. Another hand types on a keyboard. Speech bubbles and arrows convey online abuse discussions and highlight digital safety concerns." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Online-Abuse-Test-Issue-Page-Graphic.png 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Online-Abuse-Test-Issue-Page-Graphic-300x200.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="true" data-dominant-color="61383e" style="--dominant-color: #61383e;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Online Abuse & Digital Safety</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/online-abuse-digital-safety/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-38507 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry page-type-landing-page topic-literary-programs"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[6][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Literary-Grants-Collage1.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail has-transparency wp-post-image" alt="Black and white image of a hand writing in a notebook, possibly noting ideas for literary grants, next to an open laptop on a desk. The photo is framed by a diamond-shaped design with radiating lines." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Literary-Grants-Collage1.png 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Literary-Grants-Collage1-300x200.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="true" data-dominant-color="3c3c39" style="--dominant-color: #3c3c39;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Literary Grants</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/literary-grants/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-38408 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry page-type-landing-page topic-organizational"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[7][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Disinformation-Test-Issue-Page-Graphic_02.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail has-transparency wp-post-image" alt="Collage of news elements: two women discussing at a table with a laptop, a stack of newspapers, Breaking News text on a dotted world map background, and a blurred person using a phone with notification bubbles. Red, blue, and black accents throughout." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Disinformation-Test-Issue-Page-Graphic_02.png 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Disinformation-Test-Issue-Page-Graphic_02-300x200.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="true" data-dominant-color="746669" style="--dominant-color: #746669;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Disinformation</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/disinformation/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-38407 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry page-type-landing-page topic-organizational"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[8][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Test-Issue-Page-Images.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail has-transparency wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Test-Issue-Page-Images.png 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Test-Issue-Page-Images-300x200.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="true" data-dominant-color="97636f" style="--dominant-color: #97636f;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Educational Censorship</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/educational-censorship/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-38430 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry page-type-landing-page topic-organizational"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[9][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="800" height="533" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/shutterstock_770131126-scaled-e1723822961248.avif" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="b4b1ae" style="--dominant-color: #b4b1ae;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Fellowships, Workshops & Trainings</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/fellowships/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-38426 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry page-type-landing-page page-type-program topic-prison-and-justice-writing"> <div class="card-issue wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <div class="wp-block-group"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[7][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[10][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[1][self::IMG]" width="1501" height="1001" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/prison-and-justice-writing-revamped-featured-image.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/prison-and-justice-writing-revamped-featured-image.png 1501w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/prison-and-justice-writing-revamped-featured-image-300x200.png 300w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/prison-and-justice-writing-revamped-featured-image-1024x683.png 1024w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1501px) 100vw, 1501px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="ba7e55" style="--dominant-color: #ba7e55;" /> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Prison and Justice Writing</h2> </figure> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more" href="https://pen.org/prison-and-justice-writing/">Learn More</a> </div> </div></div> </li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-group the-latest--2-col has-grey-light-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-29 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" 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href="https://pen.org/event-type/online/" rel="tag">Online</a><span class="wp-block-post-terms__separator">, </span><a href="https://pen.org/event-type/pen-across-america/" rel="tag">PEN Across America</a></div> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Big Brother is Watching You! A recreation of the 1949 audio play of Orwell’s chilling novel</h2> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-event-custom-fields is-layout-flow wp-block-event-custom-fields-is-layout-flow"> <div class="event-date"> <span class="is-icon icon-calendar-fill"></span> <span class="text">Monday May 5</span> </div> <div class="event-time"> <span class="is-icon icon-clock"></span> <span class="text"> 7:30 PM – 9:30 PM ET </span> </div> <div class="event-cost"><span class="is-icon icon-ticket"></span>Free</div> </div> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more button is-style-solid-black-arrow" href="https://pen.org/event/big-brother-is-watching-you-a-recreation-of-the-1949-audio-play-of-orwells-chilling-novel/"> Get Tickets </a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-72373 event type-event status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry event-location-new-york event-type-ceremony pen-year-1860"> <div class="card-event wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <div class="taxonomy-event-location wp-block-post-terms"><a href="https://pen.org/event-location/new-york/" rel="tag">New York</a></div><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[9][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[2][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[2][self::IMG]" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Literary-Awards-Ceremony-Event-Page-Graphic-2025_v2-jpg.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="A collage of book covers, each showcasing diverse designs and titles, forms the backdrop. Overlay text reads 61st Annual Literary Awards Ceremony: The Oscars for Books in bold, elegant font." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Literary-Awards-Ceremony-Event-Page-Graphic-2025_v2-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Literary-Awards-Ceremony-Event-Page-Graphic-2025_v2-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="423b33" style="--dominant-color: #423b33;" /></figure> <div class="wp-block-group"> <div class="taxonomy-event-type wp-block-post-terms"><a href="https://pen.org/event-type/ceremony/" rel="tag">Ceremony</a></div> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">2025 PEN America Literary Awards Ceremony</h2> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-event-custom-fields is-layout-flow wp-block-event-custom-fields-is-layout-flow"> <div class="event-date"> <span class="is-icon icon-calendar-fill"></span> <span class="text">Thursday May 8</span> </div> <div class="event-time"> <span class="is-icon icon-clock"></span> <span class="text"> 7:30 PM ET </span> </div> <div class="event-venue"><span class="is-icon icon-location"></span>The Town Hall </div> <div class="event-cost"><span class="is-icon icon-ticket"></span>15-40</div> <div class="event-speakers"> <strong>Speakers:</strong> <span>Tamron Hall, Ulysses Owens Jr, J. Harrison Ghee, Raffi Barsoumian, Caitlin Nasema Cassidy</span> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more button is-style-solid-black-arrow" href="https://pen.org/event/2025-pen-america-literary-awards-ceremony/"> Get Tickets </a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-72650 event type-event status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry event-type-member-exclusive event-type-online"> <div class="card-event wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <div class="wp-block-post-terms taxonomy-event-location"><a href="https://pen.org/event-type/online/">Online</a></div><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[9][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[3][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[2][self::IMG]" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Collaboration-and-Commemoration-jpg.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="A promotional image featuring four people of diverse backgrounds side by side, above the words: PEN America Member Exclusive. Collaboration and Commemoration, with the PEN America logo at the bottom right." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Collaboration-and-Commemoration-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Collaboration-and-Commemoration-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="6f5856" style="--dominant-color: #6f5856;" /></figure> <div class="wp-block-group"> <div class="taxonomy-event-type wp-block-post-terms"><a href="https://pen.org/event-type/member-exclusive/" rel="tag">Member Exclusive</a><span class="wp-block-post-terms__separator">, </span><a href="https://pen.org/event-type/online/" rel="tag">Online</a></div> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Collaboration and Commemoration: A Member Exclusive Webinar</h2> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-event-custom-fields is-layout-flow wp-block-event-custom-fields-is-layout-flow"> <div class="event-date"> <span class="is-icon icon-calendar-fill"></span> <span class="text">Monday May 12</span> </div> <div class="event-time"> <span class="is-icon icon-clock"></span> <span class="text"> 10:30 AM – 12:00 PM ET </span> </div> <div class="event-cost"><span class="is-icon icon-ticket"></span>Free</div> </div> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more button is-style-solid-black-arrow" href="https://pen.org/event/collaboration-and-commemoration-a-member-exclusive-webinar/"> Get Tickets </a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-70001 event type-event status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry event-type-online"> <div class="card-event wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <div class="wp-block-post-terms taxonomy-event-location"><a href="https://pen.org/event-type/online/">Online</a></div><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[9][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[4][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[2][self::IMG]" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/So-youre-planning-a-book-event-png.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail has-transparency wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/So-youre-planning-a-book-event-png.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/So-youre-planning-a-book-event-300x200-png.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="true" data-dominant-color="5d4e50" style="--dominant-color: #5d4e50;" /></figure> <div class="wp-block-group"> <div class="taxonomy-event-type wp-block-post-terms"><a href="https://pen.org/event-type/online/" rel="tag">Online</a></div> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">So you’re planning a book event… A Physical and Digital Safety Workshop</h2> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-event-custom-fields is-layout-flow wp-block-event-custom-fields-is-layout-flow"> <div class="event-date"> <span class="is-icon icon-calendar-fill"></span> <span class="text">Tuesday May 20</span> </div> <div class="event-time"> <span class="is-icon icon-clock"></span> <span class="text"> 7:00 PM – 8:30 PM ET </span> </div> <div class="event-cost"><span class="is-icon icon-ticket"></span>Free</div> <div class="event-speakers"> <strong>Speakers:</strong> <span>Yemile Bucay, Philomena Polefrone, Samira Ahmed, Tasslyn Magnusson</span> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more button is-style-solid-black-arrow" href="https://pen.org/event/so-youre-planning-a-book-event-a-physical-and-digital-safety-workshop/"> Get Tickets </a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-72209 event type-event status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry event-location-arizona event-type-pen-across-america pen-year-1860"> <div class="card-event wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <div class="taxonomy-event-location wp-block-post-terms"><a href="https://pen.org/event-location/arizona/" rel="tag">Arizona</a></div><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[9][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[5][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[2][self::IMG]" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Reporters-Take-Up-The-Pen-Arizona-Journalists-Who-Became-Authors-jpg.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="A person writing in a notebook with a pen, next to a laptop. Text on the image reads: Reporters Take Up the Pen - Arizona Journalists Who Became Authors. Logos for SPJ and PEN America Arizona are also visible." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Reporters-Take-Up-The-Pen-Arizona-Journalists-Who-Became-Authors-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Reporters-Take-Up-The-Pen-Arizona-Journalists-Who-Became-Authors-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="655553" style="--dominant-color: #655553;" /></figure> <div class="wp-block-group"> <div class="taxonomy-event-type wp-block-post-terms"><a href="https://pen.org/event-type/pen-across-america/" rel="tag">PEN Across America</a></div> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Reporters Take Up The Pen: Arizona Journalists Who Became Authors</h2> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-event-custom-fields is-layout-flow wp-block-event-custom-fields-is-layout-flow"> <div class="event-date"> <span class="is-icon icon-calendar-fill"></span> <span class="text">Saturday May 24</span> </div> <div class="event-time"> <span class="is-icon icon-clock"></span> <span class="text"> 5:00 PM – 6:30 PM PT </span> </div> <div class="event-venue"><span class="is-icon icon-location"></span>The Poisoned Pen Bookstore </div> <div class="event-cost"><span class="is-icon icon-ticket"></span>Free</div> </div> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more button is-style-solid-black-arrow" href="https://pen.org/event/reporters-take-up-the-pen-arizona-journalists-who-became-authors/"> Get Tickets </a> </div> </div></div> </li><li class="wp-block-post post-72234 event type-event status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry event-location-la event-type-conversation"> <div class="card-event wp-block-pen-america-dynamic-cards"> <figure class="wp-block-post-featured-image"> <div class="taxonomy-event-location wp-block-post-terms"><a href="https://pen.org/event-location/la/" rel="tag">LA</a></div><img data-od-xpath="/HTML/BODY/DIV[@class='wp-site-blocks']/*[9][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[2][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::UL]/*[6][self::LI]/*[1][self::DIV]/*[1][self::FIGURE]/*[2][self::IMG]" width="720" height="480" src="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Yrsa-Event-Featured-Image-jpg.webp" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Yrsa-Event-Featured-Image-jpg.webp 720w, https://pen.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Yrsa-Event-Featured-Image-300x200-jpg.webp 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="554842" style="--dominant-color: #554842;" /></figure> <div class="wp-block-group"> <div class="taxonomy-event-type wp-block-post-terms"><a href="https://pen.org/event-type/conversation/" rel="tag">Conversation</a></div> <h2 class="wp-block-post-title">Laura Warrell and Yrsa Daley-Ward discuss The Catch</h2> <div class="wp-block-pen-america-event-custom-fields is-layout-flow wp-block-event-custom-fields-is-layout-flow"> <div class="event-date"> <span class="is-icon icon-calendar-fill"></span> <span class="text">Wednesday May 28</span> </div> <div class="event-time"> <span class="is-icon icon-clock"></span> <span class="text"> 6:30 PM PT </span> </div> <div class="event-venue"><span class="is-icon icon-location"></span>Diesel Bookstore </div> <div class="event-cost"><span class="is-icon icon-ticket"></span>Free</div> <div class="event-speakers"> <strong>Speakers:</strong> <span>Laura Warrell, Yrsa Daley-Ward</span> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-excerpt--container"> <a class="wp-block-read-more button is-style-solid-black-arrow" href="https://pen.org/event/laura-warrell-and-yrsa-daley-ward-discuss-the-catch/"> Get Tickets </a> </div> </div></div> </li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-cover alignfull is-style-default" 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