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Goat milk - Wikipedia

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mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%99%D0%B7%D3%99_%D2%BB%D3%A9%D1%82%D3%A9" title="Кәзә һөтө – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Кәзә һөтө" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llet_de_cabra" title="Llet de cabra – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llet de cabra" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%C4%95%D1%87%C4%95" title="Качака сĕчĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Качака сĕчĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koz%C3%AD_ml%C3%A9ko" title="Kozí mléko – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kozí mléko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gedem%C3%A6lk" title="Gedemælk – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gedemælk" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziegenmilch" title="Ziegenmilch – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ziegenmilch" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leche_de_cabra" title="Leche de cabra – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Leche de cabra" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahuntz-esne" title="Ahuntz-esne – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ahuntz-esne" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lait_de_ch%C3%A8vre" title="Lait de chèvre – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lait de chèvre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%BC%EC%86%8C%EC%A0%96" title="염소젖 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="염소젖" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susu_kambing" title="Susu kambing – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Susu kambing" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latte_caprino" title="Latte caprino – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Latte caprino" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susu_wedhus" title="Susu wedhus – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Susu wedhus" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%88%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%81%D2%AF%D1%82%D1%96" title="Ешкі сүті – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ешкі сүті" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%C5%BEkos_pienas" title="Ožkos pienas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ožkos pienas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susu_kambing" title="Susu kambing – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Susu kambing" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geitenmelk" title="Geitenmelk – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Geitenmelk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A4%E3%82%AE%E4%B9%B3" title="ヤギ乳 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヤギ乳" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geitemelk" title="Geitemelk – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Geitemelk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leite_de_cabra" title="Leite de cabra – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Leite de cabra" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Козье молоко – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Козье молоко" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kozie_mlieko" title="Kozie mlieko – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kozie mlieko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%98%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Козје млеко – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Козје млеко" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuohenmaito" title="Vuohenmaito – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vuohenmaito" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ke%C3%A7i_s%C3%BCt%C3%BC" title="Keçi sütü – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Keçi sütü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%BB%AFa_d%C3%AA" title="Sữa dê – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sữa dê" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Liquid food produced by female goats</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Liqueur_from_goat_milk,_Fuerteventura.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Liqueur_from_goat_milk%2C_Fuerteventura.JPG/220px-Liqueur_from_goat_milk%2C_Fuerteventura.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Liqueur_from_goat_milk%2C_Fuerteventura.JPG/330px-Liqueur_from_goat_milk%2C_Fuerteventura.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Liqueur_from_goat_milk%2C_Fuerteventura.JPG/440px-Liqueur_from_goat_milk%2C_Fuerteventura.JPG 2x" data-file-width="663" data-file-height="661" /></a><figcaption>Goat milk</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Geitenmelk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Geitenmelk.jpg/220px-Geitenmelk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Geitenmelk.jpg/330px-Geitenmelk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Geitenmelk.jpg/440px-Geitenmelk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Goat <a href="/wiki/Milking" title="Milking">milking</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Herd_of_goats_Saanen.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Herd_of_goats_Saanen.JPG/220px-Herd_of_goats_Saanen.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Herd_of_goats_Saanen.JPG/330px-Herd_of_goats_Saanen.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Herd_of_goats_Saanen.JPG/440px-Herd_of_goats_Saanen.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1598" data-file-height="899" /></a><figcaption>Dairy goat <a href="/wiki/Breed" title="Breed">breed</a> "<a href="/wiki/Saanen_goat" title="Saanen goat">Saanen</a>"</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Goat_milking_on_an_organic_farm_in_Israel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Goat_milking_on_an_organic_farm_in_Israel.jpg/220px-Goat_milking_on_an_organic_farm_in_Israel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Goat_milking_on_an_organic_farm_in_Israel.jpg/330px-Goat_milking_on_an_organic_farm_in_Israel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Goat_milking_on_an_organic_farm_in_Israel.jpg/440px-Goat_milking_on_an_organic_farm_in_Israel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3340" data-file-height="2504" /></a><figcaption>A goat being <a href="/wiki/Automatic_milking" title="Automatic milking">machine milked</a> on an <a href="/wiki/Organic_farming" title="Organic farming">organic farm</a> in <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Goat milk</b> is the <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">milk</a> of <a href="/wiki/Domestic_goat" class="mw-redirect" title="Domestic goat">domestic goats</a>. Goats produce about 2% of the world's total annual milk supply.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Some goats are bred specifically for milk. Goat milk naturally has small, well-emulsified fat globules, which means the cream will stay in suspension for a longer period of time than <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">cow's milk</a>; therefore, it does not need to be <a href="/wiki/Homogenization_(chemistry)" title="Homogenization (chemistry)">homogenized</a>. Eventually, the cream will rise to the top over a period of a few days. If the milk is to be used to make cheese, homogenization is not recommended, as this changes the structure of the milk, affecting the culture's ability to coagulate the milk as well as the final quality and yield of cheese.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dairy goats in their prime (generally around the third or fourth lactation cycle) average—2.7 to 3.6&#160;kg (6 to 8&#160;lb)—(or 2.8 to 3.8&#160;L (3 to 4&#160;U.S.&#160;qt))—of milk production daily—roughly during a ten-month <a href="/wiki/Lactation" title="Lactation">lactation</a>. Goats produce more after freshening and gradually drop production toward the end of their lactation. The milk generally averages 3.5% <a href="/wiki/Butterfat" title="Butterfat">butterfat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Сheese"><span id=".D0.A1heese"></span>Сheese</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goat_milk&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Сheese"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_goat_milk_cheeses" class="mw-redirect" title="List of goat milk cheeses">List of goat milk cheeses</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moiti%C3%A9_de_p%C3%A9lardon_cendr%C3%A9.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Moiti%C3%A9_de_p%C3%A9lardon_cendr%C3%A9.jpg/220px-Moiti%C3%A9_de_p%C3%A9lardon_cendr%C3%A9.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Moiti%C3%A9_de_p%C3%A9lardon_cendr%C3%A9.jpg/330px-Moiti%C3%A9_de_p%C3%A9lardon_cendr%C3%A9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Moiti%C3%A9_de_p%C3%A9lardon_cendr%C3%A9.jpg/440px-Moiti%C3%A9_de_p%C3%A9lardon_cendr%C3%A9.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9lardon" title="Pélardon">Pélardon</a> is a type of cheese made from goat milk.</figcaption></figure> <p>Goat milk is commonly processed into <a href="/wiki/Cheese" title="Cheese">cheese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Butter" title="Butter">butter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ice_cream" title="Ice cream">ice cream</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yogurt" title="Yogurt">yogurt</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dulce_de_leche" title="Dulce de leche">cajeta</a></i> and other products. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Goat_cheese" title="Goat cheese">Goat cheese</a> is known as <i>fromage de chèvre</i> ("goat cheese") in France. Some varieties include <a href="/wiki/Rocamadour_cheese" title="Rocamadour cheese">Rocamadour</a> and Montrachet.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Goat butter is white because goats produce milk with the yellow <a href="/wiki/%CE%92-Carotene" title="Β-Carotene">beta-carotene</a> converted to a colorless form of <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_A" title="Vitamin A">vitamin A</a>. Goat milk has less cholesterol. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nutrition">Nutrition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goat_milk&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Nutrition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Breast milk is the best nutrition for infants. If this is not an option, infant formula is the alternative. EFSA (European Food Safety Association) concluded in 2012 that goat milk protein is suitable as a protein source in infant and follow-on formulas.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ever since, goat milk-based infant formulas have rapidly gained popularity around the world including: the UK, Australia, Germany, Netherlands, China, Korea, Australia and New Zealand. These formulas are not produced by the infant formula multinationals but by companies that focus on specialty infant formulas. In the U.S. goat milk infant formula is not yet available. </p><p>The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recognizes that goat infant formula has been thoroughly reviewed and supports normal growth and development in infants.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like unmodified cow's milk, the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Pediatrics" title="American Academy of Pediatrics">American Academy of Pediatrics</a> (AAP) discourages feeding infants unmodified goat's milk. An April 2010 case report<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> describes an infant fed raw goat milk and summarizes AAP's recommendation and presents "a comprehensive review of the consequences associated with this dangerous practice." They also voiced, "Many infants are exclusively fed unmodified goat's milk as a result of cultural beliefs as well as exposure to false online information. Anecdotal reports have described a host of morbidities associated with that practice, including severe <a href="/wiki/Electrolyte_imbalance" title="Electrolyte imbalance">electrolyte abnormalities</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metabolic_acidosis" title="Metabolic acidosis">metabolic acidosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Megaloblastic_anemia" title="Megaloblastic anemia">megaloblastic anemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allergy" title="Allergy">allergic reactions</a> including life-threatening <a href="/wiki/Anaphylaxis#Classification" title="Anaphylaxis">anaphylactic shock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hemolytic%E2%80%93uremic_syndrome" title="Hemolytic–uremic syndrome">hemolytic–uremic syndrome</a>, and infections." Untreated caprine <a href="/wiki/Brucellosis" title="Brucellosis">brucellosis</a> results in a 2% case fatality rate. According to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">USDA</a>, doe milk is not recommended for human infants because it contains "inadequate quantities of <a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">iron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Folate" title="Folate">folate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_C" title="Vitamin C">vitamins C</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_D" title="Vitamin D">D</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thiamine" title="Thiamine">thiamine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niacin" title="Niacin">niacin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B6" title="Vitamin B6">vitamin B<sub>6</sub></a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pantothenic_acid" title="Pantothenic acid">pantothenic acid</a>.Doe milk would not meet an infant's nutritional needs" and may cause harm to an infant's <a href="/wiki/Kidney" title="Kidney">kidneys</a> and could cause metabolic damage. </p><p>According to the Canadian federal health department <i>Health Canada</i>, most of the dangers of, and counter-indications for, feeding unmodified goat's milk to infants parallel those associated with unmodified cow's milk — especially insofar as allergic reactions go.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 1970 book on animal breeding claimed that does' milk differs from cows' or humans' milk by having higher digestibility, distinct <a href="/wiki/Alkalinity" title="Alkalinity">alkalinity</a>, higher <a href="/wiki/Buffer_solution#Buffer_capacity" title="Buffer solution">buffering capacity</a>, and certain therapeutic values in human medicine and nutrition.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> George Mateljan suggested doe milk can replace <a href="/wiki/Sheep%27s_milk" title="Sheep&#39;s milk">ewe milk</a> or cow milk in diets of those who are allergic to certain mammals' milk.<sup id="cite_ref-WHFoods_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHFoods-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> However, like cow milk, doe milk has <a href="/wiki/Lactose" title="Lactose">lactose</a> (sugar), and may cause <a href="/wiki/Gastrointestinal_disease" title="Gastrointestinal disease">gastrointestinal problems</a> for individuals with <a href="/wiki/Lactose_intolerance" title="Lactose intolerance">lactose intolerance</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WHFoods_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHFoods-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In fact, the level of lactose is similar to that of cow milk. </p><p>Some researchers and companies producing goat's milk products have made claims that goat's milk is better for human health than most Western cow's milk due to it mostly lacking a form of β-casein proteins called A1, and instead mostly containing <a href="/wiki/A2_milk" title="A2 milk">the A2 form</a>, which does not metabolize to <a href="/wiki/Casomorphin" title="Casomorphin">β-casomorphin 7</a> in the body.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like whole cow's milk, whole goat's milk is not recommended for use by <a href="/wiki/Infant" title="Infant">infants</a> due to the discrepancy between the composition of whole milk and breastmilk and the imperfection of the child's digestive organs for digesting evolutionarily unsuitable food. Lack of <a href="/wiki/Folate" title="Folate">folic acid</a> when using whole milk instead of <a href="/wiki/Breastfeeding" title="Breastfeeding">breastfeeding</a> in children leads to the development of <a href="/wiki/Megaloblastic_anemia" title="Megaloblastic anemia">B12 folate deficiency anemia</a>. In the event of an allergic reaction in children to cow's milk, contrary to popular belief, the likelihood of developing it to goat's milk is equally high. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Basic composition of various milks (mean values per 100&#160;g)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Constituent </th> <th>Doe (goat) </th> <th>Cow </th> <th>Human </th></tr> <tr> <th>Fat (g) </th> <td>3.8 </td> <td>3.6 </td> <td>4.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Protein (g) </th> <td>3.5 </td> <td>3.3 </td> <td>1.2 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Lactose (g) </th> <td>4.1 </td> <td>4.6 </td> <td>6.9 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Ash (g) </th> <td>0.8 </td> <td>0.7 </td> <td>0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total solids (g) </th> <td>12.2 </td> <td>12.3 </td> <td>12.3 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Calories </th> <td>70 </td> <td>69 </td> <td>68 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"> <caption>Milk composition analysis, per 100&#160;grams<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center"> <th>Constituents </th> <th>unit </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Cow" class="mw-redirect" title="Cow">Cow</a> </th> <th>Doe<br />(goat) </th> <th>Ewe<br />(<a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">sheep</a>) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Water_buffalo" title="Water buffalo">Water<br />buffalo</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Water </td> <td style="text-align:left">g </td> <td>87.8 </td> <td>88.9 </td> <td>83.0 </td> <td>81.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Protein </td> <td style="text-align:left">g </td> <td>3.2 </td> <td>3.1 </td> <td>5.4 </td> <td>4.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Fat </td> <td style="text-align:left">g </td> <td>3.9 </td> <td>3.5 </td> <td>6.0 </td> <td>8.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Carbohydrates </td> <td style="text-align:left">g </td> <td>4.8 </td> <td>4.4 </td> <td>5.1 </td> <td>4.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Energy </td> <td style="text-align:left">kcal </td> <td>66 </td> <td>60 </td> <td>95 </td> <td>110 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Energy </td> <td style="text-align:left">kJ </td> <td>275 </td> <td>253 </td> <td>396 </td> <td>463 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Sugars (lactose) </td> <td style="text-align:left">g </td> <td>4.8 </td> <td>4.4 </td> <td>5.1 </td> <td>4.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Cholesterol </td> <td style="text-align:left">mg </td> <td>14 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>11 </td> <td>8 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Calcium </td> <td style="text-align:left">IU </td> <td>120 </td> <td>100 </td> <td>170 </td> <td>195 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Saturated fatty acids </td> <td style="text-align:left">g </td> <td>2.4 </td> <td>2.3 </td> <td>3.8 </td> <td>4.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Monounsaturated fatty acids </td> <td style="text-align:left">g </td> <td>1.1 </td> <td>0.8 </td> <td>1.5 </td> <td>1.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Polyunsaturated fatty acids </td> <td style="text-align:left">g </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td>0.3 </td> <td>0.2 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>These compositions vary by breed (especially in the <a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Dwarf_goat" title="Nigerian Dwarf goat">Nigerian Dwarf</a> breed), animal, and point in the lactation period. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goat_milk&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">FAO. 1997. 1996 Production Yearbook. Food Agr. Organ., UN. Rome, Italy.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Amrein-Boyes, D. (2009). 200 Easy Homemade Cheese Recipes. Robert Rose Inc.: Toronto</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adga.org/">American Dairy Goat Association</a>, adga.org</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.foodnetwork.com/food/web/encyclopedia/termdetail/0,7770,1237,00.html">Chèvre cheese</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090110074428/http://web.foodnetwork.com/food/web/encyclopedia/termdetail/0,7770,1237,00.html">Archived</a> 10 January 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, foodnetwork.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/2603">"Scientific Opinion on the suitability of goat milk protein as a source of protein in infant formulae and in follow-on formulae"</a>. <i>EFSA Journal</i>. <b>10</b> (3). 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Milk" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Milk_navbox" title="Template:Milk navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Milk_navbox" title="Template talk:Milk navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Milk_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Milk navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Milk" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">Milk</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Source</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_milk" class="mw-redirect" title="Buffalo milk">Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camel_milk" title="Camel milk">Camel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">Cow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donkey_milk" title="Donkey milk">Donkey</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Goat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mare_milk" title="Mare milk">Horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breast_milk" title="Breast milk">Human</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colostrum" title="Colostrum">Colostrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch%27s_milk" title="Witch&#39;s milk">Newborn</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moose_milk" title="Moose milk">Moose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pig_milk" title="Pig milk">Pig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheep_milk" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheep milk">Sheep</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Milk_001.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Milk_001.JPG/63px-Milk_001.JPG" decoding="async" width="63" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Milk_001.JPG/95px-Milk_001.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Milk_001.JPG/126px-Milk_001.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1431" data-file-height="1908" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A2_milk" title="A2 milk">A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baked_milk" title="Baked milk">Baked</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbonated_milk" title="Carbonated milk">Carbonated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condensed_milk" title="Condensed milk">Condensed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evaporated_milk" title="Evaporated milk">Evaporated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filled_milk" title="Filled milk">Filled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavored_milk" title="Flavored milk">Flavored</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anijsmelk" title="Anijsmelk">Anise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_milk" title="Chocolate milk">Chocolate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_milk" title="Coffee milk">Coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papaya_milk" title="Papaya milk">Papaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strawberry_milk" class="mw-redirect" title="Strawberry milk">Strawberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanilla_milk" title="Vanilla milk">Vanilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watermelon_milk" title="Watermelon milk">Watermelon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haymilk" title="Haymilk">Haymilk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malted_milk" title="Malted milk">Malted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organic_milk" title="Organic milk">Organic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasteurized_milk" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasteurized milk">Pasteurized</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powdered_milk" title="Powdered milk">Powdered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raw_milk" title="Raw milk">Raw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scalded_milk" title="Scalded milk">Scalded</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skimmed_milk" title="Skimmed milk">Skimmed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soured_milk" title="Soured milk">Soured</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toned_milk" title="Toned milk">Toned</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra-high-temperature_processing" title="Ultra-high-temperature processing">UHT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultrafiltered_milk" title="Ultrafiltered milk">Ultrafiltered</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doogh" title="Doogh">Ayran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butter" title="Butter">Butter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buttermilk" title="Buttermilk">Buttermilk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheese" title="Cheese">Cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cream" title="Cream">Cream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curd" title="Curd">Curd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custard" title="Custard">Custard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghee" title="Ghee">Ghee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_cream" title="Ice cream">Ice cream</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ice_milk" title="Ice milk">Ice milk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breast_milk_jewelry" title="Breast milk jewelry">Jewelry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filmj%C3%B6lk" title="Filmjölk">Filmjölk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kefir" title="Kefir">Kefir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumis" title="Kumis">Kumis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milkshake" title="Milkshake">Milkshake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyr" title="Skyr">Skyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sour_cream" title="Sour cream">Sour cream</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%A8me_fra%C3%AEche" title="Crème fraîche">Crème fraîche</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whey" title="Whey">Whey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ymer_(dairy_product)" title="Ymer (dairy product)">Ymer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogurt" title="Yogurt">Yogurt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Containers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bag-in-box" title="Bag-in-box">Bag-in-box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_milk_bottle" title="Glass milk bottle">Glass milk bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jug" title="Jug">Jug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_bag" title="Milk bag">Milk bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_carton" class="mw-redirect" title="Milk carton">Milk carton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_churn" title="Milk churn">Milk churn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_crate" title="Milk crate">Milk crate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_delivery" title="Milk delivery">Milk delivery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_milk_container" title="Plastic milk container">Plastic milk container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_milk_jug" title="Square milk jug">Square milk jug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetra_Brik" title="Tetra Brik">Tetra Brik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Milk_allergy" title="Milk allergy">Allergy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dairy" title="Dairy">Dairy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro_and_dairy" title="Fidel Castro and dairy">Fidel Castro and dairy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lactation" title="Lactation">Lactation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breastfeeding" title="Breastfeeding">Breastfeeding</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milking" title="Milking">Milking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Milking_pipeline" title="Milking pipeline">Pipeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milkmaid" title="Milkmaid">Milkmaid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milkman" class="mw-redirect" title="Milkman">Milkman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_quotas_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Milk quotas in the United Kingdom">Milk quotas in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Milk_Day" title="World Milk Day">World Milk Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Milk" title="Category:Milk">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418287#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4290385-3">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Goat milk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85055501">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Lait de chèvre"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12050213c">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Lait de chèvre"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12050213c">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Leche de capra"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX536468">Spain</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007533767205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐pvdvh Cached time: 20241122142006 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time 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