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<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="nHy-DyBPCD-YkTc0qtO9szNc-mOdL8nUzCnAyoQnZ1ndRgHhlrYuUNYxdtuJA0NNSjHo5nDa-Tl4zA5Ylg8V3A" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="EVALUASI ENERGI BARU &amp; TERBARUKAN (EBT) BERBASIS BAYU UNTUK KALIMANTAN TIMUR" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2023/01/01" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Jurnal Analis Kebijakan" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="ade purwanto" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/122383360/EVALUASI_ENERGI_BARU_and_TERBARUKAN_EBT_BERBASIS_BAYU_UNTUK_KALIMANTAN_TIMUR" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="EVALUASI ENERGI BARU & TERBARUKAN (EBT) BERBASIS BAYU UNTUK KALIMANTAN TIMUR" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="To support the 23% New and Renewable Energy (EBT) national energy mix program, the East Kalimantan provincial government has launched the &quot;Green Energy for Better Future&quot; program. However, the EBT that has been implemented is only 6.53% and" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://0.academia-photos.com/52129476/24462757/23367149/s200_ade.purwanto.jpg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/122383360/EVALUASI_ENERGI_BARU_and_TERBARUKAN_EBT_BERBASIS_BAYU_UNTUK_KALIMANTAN_TIMUR" /> <meta property="og:title" content="EVALUASI ENERGI BARU & TERBARUKAN (EBT) BERBASIS BAYU UNTUK KALIMANTAN TIMUR" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="To support the 23% New and Renewable Energy (EBT) national energy mix program, the East Kalimantan provincial government has launched the &quot;Green Energy for Better Future&quot; program. However, the EBT that has been implemented is only 6.53% and" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://independent.academia.edu/adepurwanto7" /> <meta name="description" content="To support the 23% New and Renewable Energy (EBT) national energy mix program, the East Kalimantan provincial government has launched the &quot;Green Energy for Better Future&quot; program. However, the EBT that has been implemented is only 6.53% and" /> <title>(PDF) EVALUASI ENERGI BARU & TERBARUKAN (EBT) BERBASIS BAYU UNTUK KALIMANTAN TIMUR</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/122383360/EVALUASI_ENERGI_BARU_and_TERBARUKAN_EBT_BERBASIS_BAYU_UNTUK_KALIMANTAN_TIMUR" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = 'b092bf3a3df71cf13feee7c143e83a57eb6b94fb'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1739833777000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1739833777000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"To support the 23% New and Renewable Energy (EBT) national energy mix program, the East Kalimantan provincial government has launched the \u0026amp;quot;Green Energy for Better Future\u0026amp;quot; program. However, the EBT that has been implemented is only 6.53% and is dominated by Solar-based Power Plant. Under these conditions, one of BRIDA East Kalimantan\u0026amp;#39;s plans to increase the percentage of EBT is to build an EBT source other than solar, so that the distribution of EBT is also more varied. In this study, Wind-based EBT is examined whether they are suitable for East Kalimantan or not. The results concluded that the wind potential in East Kalimantan is categorized as a gentle breeze, leading to the potential for Wind Turbines as very small and furthermore they are centered on coastal areas only. For this reason, if East Kalimantan still wants to develop a wind power plant (PLTB), then the recommendation is to build a hybrid micro-scale PLTB system. The PLTB functions as a secondary power plant supported by a primary power source that functions during wind cut-off conditions.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"ade purwanto","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/adepurwanto7"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2024-07-27","dateModified":"2024-07-27","datePublished":"2023-01-01","headline":"EVALUASI ENERGI BARU \u0026 TERBARUKAN (EBT) BERBASIS BAYU UNTUK KALIMANTAN TIMUR","identifier":{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"DOI","value":"10.37145/jak.v7i2.656"},"image":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/117058924/thumbnails/1.jpg","inLanguage":"id","keywords":["Renewable Energy","Policy Analysis","Public Policy"],"publication":"Jurnal Analis Kebijakan","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.37145/jak.v7i2.656","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":null}],"thumbnailUrl":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/117058924/thumbnails/1.jpg","url":"https://www.academia.edu/122383360/EVALUASI_ENERGI_BARU_and_TERBARUKAN_EBT_BERBASIS_BAYU_UNTUK_KALIMANTAN_TIMUR"}</script><style type="text/css">@media(max-width: 567px){:root{--token-mode: Rebrand;--dropshadow: 0 2px 4px 0 #22223340;--primary-brand: #0645b1;--error-dark: #b60000;--success-dark: #05b01c;--inactive-fill: #ebebee;--hover: #0c3b8d;--pressed: #082f75;--button-primary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-primary-fill: #0645b1;--button-primary-text: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-primary-fill-press: #082f75;--button-primary-icon: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-inverse: #ffffff;--button-primary-text-inverse: 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window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":122383360,"created_at":"2024-07-27T01:26:32.820-07:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2024-07-27T01:50:09.321-07:00","_data":{"doi":"10.37145/jak.v7i2.656","abstract":"To support the 23% New and Renewable Energy (EBT) national energy mix program, the East Kalimantan provincial government has launched the \"Green Energy for Better Future\" program. However, the EBT that has been implemented is only 6.53% and is dominated by Solar-based Power Plant. Under these conditions, one of BRIDA East Kalimantan's plans to increase the percentage of EBT is to build an EBT source other than solar, so that the distribution of EBT is also more varied. In this study, Wind-based EBT is examined whether they are suitable for East Kalimantan or not. The results concluded that the wind potential in East Kalimantan is categorized as a gentle breeze, leading to the potential for Wind Turbines as very small and furthermore they are centered on coastal areas only. For this reason, if East Kalimantan still wants to develop a wind power plant (PLTB), then the recommendation is to build a hybrid micro-scale PLTB system. The PLTB functions as a secondary power plant supported by a primary power source that functions during wind cut-off conditions.","publication_date":"2023,,","publication_name":"Jurnal Analis Kebijakan"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"id","title":"EVALUASI ENERGI BARU \u0026 TERBARUKAN (EBT) BERBASIS BAYU UNTUK KALIMANTAN TIMUR","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [52129476]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":117058924,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “EVALUASI ENERGI BARU & TERBARUKAN (EBT) BERBASIS BAYU UNTUK KALIMANTAN TIMUR”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/117058924/mini_magick20240801-1-xvfoha.png?1722533616" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">EVALUASI ENERGI BARU & TERBARUKAN (EBT) BERBASIS BAYU UNTUK KALIMANTAN TIMUR</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="52129476" href="https://independent.academia.edu/adepurwanto7"><img alt="Profile image of ade purwanto" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/52129476/24462757/23367149/s65_ade.purwanto.jpg" />ade purwanto</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2023, Jurnal Analis Kebijakan</p><a class="js-loswp-work-card-doi-link ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://doi.org/10.37145/jak.v7i2.656" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.37145/jak.v7i2.656</a><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">17 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 122383360; 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if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">To support the 23% New and Renewable Energy (EBT) national energy mix program, the East Kalimantan provincial government has launched the "Green Energy for Better Future" program. However, the EBT that has been implemented is only 6.53% and is dominated by Solar-based Power Plant. Under these conditions, one of BRIDA East Kalimantan's plans to increase the percentage of EBT is to build an EBT source other than solar, so that the distribution of EBT is also more varied. In this study, Wind-based EBT is examined whether they are suitable for East Kalimantan or not. The results concluded that the wind potential in East Kalimantan is categorized as a gentle breeze, leading to the potential for Wind Turbines as very small and furthermore they are centered on coastal areas only. For this reason, if East Kalimantan still wants to develop a wind power plant (PLTB), then the recommendation is to build a hybrid micro-scale PLTB system. The PLTB functions as a secondary power plant supported by a primary power source that functions during wind cut-off conditions.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":117058924,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/122383360/EVALUASI_ENERGI_BARU_and_TERBARUKAN_EBT_BERBASIS_BAYU_UNTUK_KALIMANTAN_TIMUR"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":117058924,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/122383360/EVALUASI_ENERGI_BARU_and_TERBARUKAN_EBT_BERBASIS_BAYU_UNTUK_KALIMANTAN_TIMUR"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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Namun, EBT yang telah diterapkan baru sebatas 6.53% dan didominasi oleh Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya. Dengan kondisi ini, salah satu rencana BRIDA Kalimantan Timur untuk meningkatkan prosentase EBT adalah dengan membangun sumber EBT selain Surya, agar sebaran EBT-nya juga lebih bervariatif. Pada kajian ini, sumber EBT Bayu dikaji apakah cocok untuk diterapkan di Kalimantan Timur atau tidak. Hasil kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa potensi angin di Kalimantan Timur termasuk kategori lembut (gentle breeze) sehingga potensi sebagai PLTB sangat kecil dan inipun berpusat pada daerahdaerah pesisir saja. Untuk itu, Kalimantan Timur sebaiknya mengkaji potensi EBT yang lain selain angin, dan apabila Kalimantan Timur masih tetap ingin mengembangkan pembangkit listrik tenaga angin (PLTB), maka rekomendasinya adalah PLTB skala mikro saja dan dengan sistem hybrid bersama sumber tenaga listrik lainnya. PLTB berfungsi sebagai secondary power plant ditopang oleh sumber daya listrik primer yang difungsikan ketika kondisi cutoff angin.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"EVALUASI ENERGI BARU \u0026amp; TERBARUKAN (EBT) BERBASIS BAYU UNTUK KALIMANTAN TIMUR","attachmentId":117403854,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/122820098/EVALUASI_ENERGI_BARU_and_amp_TERBARUKAN_EBT_BERBASIS_BAYU_UNTUK_KALIMANTAN_TIMUR","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/122820098/EVALUASI_ENERGI_BARU_and_amp_TERBARUKAN_EBT_BERBASIS_BAYU_UNTUK_KALIMANTAN_TIMUR"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="29096386" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29096386/PEMANFAATAN_LIMBAH_TERNAK_SEBAGAI_SUMBER_ENERGI_TERBARUKAN">PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH TERNAK SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI TERBARUKAN</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="12467931" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DanankzMuharyanto">Danankz Muharyanto</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH TERNAK SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI TERBARUKAN","attachmentId":49544386,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29096386/PEMANFAATAN_LIMBAH_TERNAK_SEBAGAI_SUMBER_ENERGI_TERBARUKAN","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/29096386/PEMANFAATAN_LIMBAH_TERNAK_SEBAGAI_SUMBER_ENERGI_TERBARUKAN"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="31958865" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31958865/Simulasi_Kalkulator_Energi_Baru_Terbarukan_EBT_Guna_Memenuhi_Ketahanan_Energi_di_Indonesia">Simulasi Kalkulator Energi Baru Terbarukan (EBT) Guna Memenuhi Ketahanan Energi di Indonesia</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8567852" href="https://ui.academia.edu/RezzyEkoCaraka">Rezzy Eko Caraka</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Abstrak Ketahanan Energi adalah suatu kondisi terjaminnya ketersediaan energi, akses masyarakat terhadap energi pada harga yang terjangkau dalam jangka panjang dan tidak terpengaruh oleh gejolak regional maupun internasional. Menjadi negara maju, Indonesia harus dapat mendorong sektor industri sebagai penggerak perekonomian negara. Kebutuhan energi di sektor industri dan komersial diprakirakan tetap mendominasi untuk jangka panjang. Sebagai sektor penunjang pergerakan perekonomian, sektor transportasi juga terus meningkat.Konsumsi energi menurut jenis selama tahun 2000 sampai dengan 2015 masih didominasi oleh BBM (avtur,avgas,bensin,minyak tanah, minyak solar, minyak diesel, dan minyak bakar). Permasalahan energi yang terjadi saat ini adalah dibutuhkan alternatif baru yang dikenal sebagai energi baru terbarukan (EBT). Berdasarkan analisis dengan single exponential smoothing (SES) dengan menggunakan = 0.359680 dapat disimpulkan bahwa perencanaan energi perlu dilakukan supaya dapat menjamin ketersediaan energi dengan harga terjangkau untuk jangka panjang. Potensi energi terbarukan seperti tenaga air,panas bumi, angin, surya, samudera, maupun biomasa dapat dijadikan alternatif untuk memenuhi permintaan energi yang semakin tinggi. Berdasarkan skenario dasar, penyediaan EBT meningkat dengan pertumbuhan lebih dari 14% per tahun atau meningkat lebih dari enam kali lipat dari 102 juta SBM pada 2012 menjadi 629 juta SBM pada 2035. Pada 2012, sebagian besar dari EBT dipenuhi oleh dari biomasa, diikuti oleh tenaga air, panas bumi, dan BBN. Namun pada akhir periode 2035, panas bumi untuk pembangkitan listrik akan menjadi EBT utama, disusul secara berturut turut oleh hidro, BBN, dan biomasa. Jenis EBT yang lainnya seperti CBM, CTL, angin, tenaga surya, nuklir, dan kelautan yang sebelumnya tidak muncul di tahun 2015 mulai mengisi bauran energi nasional, walaupun persentasenya masih kecil. Kata Kunci: Ketahanan energi, energi baru terbarukan (EBT), scenario, single eksponential smoothing (SES), Kalkulator energy 1. PENDAHULUAN Dalam upaya mewujudkan kesejahteraan yang berkeadilan bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia, UUD Tahun 1945 melalui pasal 33 telah mengamanatkan bahwa bumi dan air dan kekayaan alam yang terkandung di dalamnya dikuasai oleh negara dan dipergunakan untuk sebesar – besarnya demi kemakmuran rakyat. Salah satu kekayaan alam yang memiliki nilai strategis bagi pembangunan nasional secara berkelanjutan adalah energi. Indonesia kaya akan berbagai jenis energi baik yang berbasis fosil maupun nonfosil. Saat ini penggunaan energi di Indonesia hanya bergantung pada energi fosil saja seperti BBM, karena itu cadangan energi fosil nasional bahkan dunia sangat terbatas dan lambat laun akan habis. Jika kita melihat lebih jauh ke potensi energi terbarukan, Indonesia masih dianugerahi berkah luar biasa. Hal ini bisa dilihat dengan melimpahnya sinar matahari (Tenaga surya), geografis Indonesia sebagai negara maritim (Tenaga air), hingga banyaknya gunung berapi (energi panas bumi). Potret ketergantungan pada sumber daya alam tidak terbarukan (fosil), khususnya minyak bumi dapat dilihat pada Bauran Energi Indonesia. Pada tahun 2006 minyak bumi masih mendominasi bauran energi primer nasional (52%). Respon terhadap situasi ini telah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah melalui Target bauran energi nasional,yang mana, bauran energi nasional .akan mengalami perubahan dan lebih mengutamakan pada energi terbarukan.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Simulasi Kalkulator Energi Baru Terbarukan (EBT) Guna Memenuhi Ketahanan Energi di Indonesia","attachmentId":52234349,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31958865/Simulasi_Kalkulator_Energi_Baru_Terbarukan_EBT_Guna_Memenuhi_Ketahanan_Energi_di_Indonesia","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/31958865/Simulasi_Kalkulator_Energi_Baru_Terbarukan_EBT_Guna_Memenuhi_Ketahanan_Energi_di_Indonesia"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="35059145" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35059145/ENERGI_TERBARUKAN_UNTUK_PEMBANGUNAN_BERKELANJUTAN_DI_INDONESIA">ENERGI TERBARUKAN UNTUK PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN DI INDONESIA</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="11632035" href="https://nommensen-id.academia.edu/PartahiLumbangaol">Partahi Lumbangaol</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Abstrak : Energi terbarukan sebagaimana disebutkan dalam UU no 30 tahun 2007 tentang energi, merupakan energi yang berasal dari sumber-sumber terbarukan antara lain panas bumi, angin, bioenergi, sinar matahari, aliran dan terjunan air, serta gerakan dan perbedaan suhu lapisan laut. Terkait dengan pembangunan berkelanjutan, pengembangan dan implementasi sumber energi terbarukan yang ramah lingkungan perlu mendapatkan perhatian serius. Untuk itu, makalah ini bertujuan memaparkan peluang pemanfaatan energi terbarukan di Indonesia. Dari beberapa jenis energi terbarukan tersebut, penulis mengusulkan pembangkit listrik tenaga mikro hidro (PLTMH) sebagai model energi terbarukan yang sesuai untuk wilayah Sumtera Utara khususnya Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"ENERGI TERBARUKAN UNTUK PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN DI INDONESIA","attachmentId":54919019,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35059145/ENERGI_TERBARUKAN_UNTUK_PEMBANGUNAN_BERKELANJUTAN_DI_INDONESIA","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35059145/ENERGI_TERBARUKAN_UNTUK_PEMBANGUNAN_BERKELANJUTAN_DI_INDONESIA"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="35572055" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35572055/DINAS_PERTAMBANGAN_DAN_ENERGI_PROVINSI_NUSA_TENGGARA_BARAT">DINAS PERTAMBANGAN DAN ENERGI PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="73449159" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DwiNugrohoAris">Aris Dwi Nugroho</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Hasil Inventarisasi Geosite di Geopark Rinjani-Lombok</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"DINAS PERTAMBANGAN DAN ENERGI PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT","attachmentId":55438127,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35572055/DINAS_PERTAMBANGAN_DAN_ENERGI_PROVINSI_NUSA_TENGGARA_BARAT","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35572055/DINAS_PERTAMBANGAN_DAN_ENERGI_PROVINSI_NUSA_TENGGARA_BARAT"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="107308768" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/107308768/Studi_Potensi_Pemanfaatan_Energi_Baru_Terbarukan_EBT_untuk_Mendukung_Sistem_Ketenagalistrikan_di_Wilayah_IKN">Studi Potensi Pemanfaatan Energi Baru Terbarukan (EBT) untuk Mendukung Sistem Ketenagalistrikan di Wilayah IKN</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="243883041" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PutraYudhapramana">Yudha pramana Putra</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Jurnal SISKOM-KB (Sistem Komputer dan Kecerdasan Buatan)</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Energi adalah salah satu kebutuhan utama manusia untuk mendukung aktivitas yang jumlahnya terus semakin tinggi seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk dan ekonomi. Disisi lain, sebagian besar energi yang digunakan saat ini berasal dari energi berbasis fosil yg mempunyai sifat tidak terbarukan sehingga akan habis cadangannya Bila digunakan secara terus menerus. Indonesia secara umum serta wilayah IKN secara khusus mempunyai beraneka ragam potensi energi baru terbarukan (EBT) yg tersebar pada sebagian besar daerahnya, mencakup tenaga surya, tenaga angin, bioenergi, tenaga laut, hingga geothermal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemetaan potensi EBT di wilayah IKN untuk mendukung sasaran pemerintah mencapai bauran energi nasional dan mendorong diversifikasi energi pada sistem ketenagalistrikan. Hasil penelitian memberikan adanya potensi EBT yang relatif besar dari berbagai jenis energi di daerah IKN yang bisa dimanfaatkan pada proses konversi menjadi tenaga listrik.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Studi Potensi Pemanfaatan Energi Baru Terbarukan (EBT) untuk Mendukung Sistem Ketenagalistrikan di Wilayah IKN","attachmentId":106011877,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/107308768/Studi_Potensi_Pemanfaatan_Energi_Baru_Terbarukan_EBT_untuk_Mendukung_Sistem_Ketenagalistrikan_di_Wilayah_IKN","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/107308768/Studi_Potensi_Pemanfaatan_Energi_Baru_Terbarukan_EBT_untuk_Mendukung_Sistem_Ketenagalistrikan_di_Wilayah_IKN"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="34093626" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34093626/EVALUASI_KINERJA_DAN_PERLAYANAN_PADA_GERBANG_TOL_SERANG_TIMUR">EVALUASI KINERJA DAN PERLAYANAN PADA GERBANG TOL SERANG TIMUR</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="66883107" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ekopramono49">eko pramono</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Toll gate serang timur very role against disrupting traffic flow, especially in a serang city, causes of congestion on road tolls is the existence of a current of arrival and departure currents at certain times , the current arrival greater than that due to the departure by the level of service that low and the number of server that less at toll gate that resulted in a queue at the occurrence of toll gate. This research aims to understand long queue, time service the level of the arrival of vehicles and growth of vehicle 5 years. This research using a queue FIFO discipline and data collection method related agencies management of the freeway and data From the results of the analysis and the toll gate serang timur still able to accommodate the number of vehicles, it can be seen from the discipline queue FIFO using the service of 10 seconds and the results of the survey found the 8,61 seconds, based on the time service information service showed that the less than the Standar Pelayanan Minimum are 11 seconds and obtained from a number of newcomers were at a tollgate east are 303 vehicles per hour every station, the number is less than the Standar Pelayanan Minimum are 450 vehicles per hour every station.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"EVALUASI KINERJA DAN PERLAYANAN PADA GERBANG TOL SERANG TIMUR","attachmentId":54026355,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34093626/EVALUASI_KINERJA_DAN_PERLAYANAN_PADA_GERBANG_TOL_SERANG_TIMUR","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/34093626/EVALUASI_KINERJA_DAN_PERLAYANAN_PADA_GERBANG_TOL_SERANG_TIMUR"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="96713870" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/96713870/ENERGI_BERSIH_TERBARUKAN_SEBAGAI_SOLUSI_TEKNOLOGI_TEPAT_GUNA_PENGELOLAAN_SUMBER_DAYA_ALAM_LOKAL_DESA_BERKELANJUTAN">ENERGI BERSIH TERBARUKAN SEBAGAI SOLUSI TEKNOLOGI TEPAT GUNA PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA ALAM LOKAL DESA BERKELANJUTAN</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="19332586" href="https://itny.academia.edu/BayanDzuqi">Bayan D Z U Q I Makhfiyan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Bayan Dzuqi Makhfiyan, 2023</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Bitcoin mining is an activity that requires large energy resources. However, the use of unclean and non-performing energy resources can damage the environment and reduce the available natural resources. Therefore, bitcoin mining uses clean, renewable energy as an appropriate technological solution in managing village natural resources in a sustainable manner. Using renewable energy sources such as solar and wind in the bitcoin mining process can help reduce the negative impact on the environment. In addition, this technology can also help improve the welfare of rural communities around mining sites. This can happen because the use of renewable energy sources can improve the local economy through the development of the necessary infrastructure for the development of this technology. In addition, bitcoin mining with clean renewable energy can also help raise awareness of the importance of managing natural resources in a sustainable manner. By using this technology, village communities will be more involved in the process of managing natural resources and be more aware of the impact of the use of unclean natural resources.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"ENERGI BERSIH TERBARUKAN SEBAGAI SOLUSI TEKNOLOGI TEPAT GUNA PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA ALAM LOKAL DESA BERKELANJUTAN","attachmentId":98535706,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96713870/ENERGI_BERSIH_TERBARUKAN_SEBAGAI_SOLUSI_TEKNOLOGI_TEPAT_GUNA_PENGELOLAAN_SUMBER_DAYA_ALAM_LOKAL_DESA_BERKELANJUTAN","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/96713870/ENERGI_BERSIH_TERBARUKAN_SEBAGAI_SOLUSI_TEKNOLOGI_TEPAT_GUNA_PENGELOLAAN_SUMBER_DAYA_ALAM_LOKAL_DESA_BERKELANJUTAN"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="59948075" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59948075/ANALISIS_PENGAMBILAN_KEPUTUSAN_PETANI_TEBU_TERHADAP_KREDIT_KETAHANAN_PANGAN_DAN_ENERGI_Studi_Kasus_di_Desa_Bakalan_Kecamatan_Bululawang_Kabupaten_Malang_">ANALISIS PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PETANI TEBU TERHADAP KREDIT KETAHANAN PANGAN DAN ENERGI (Studi Kasus di Desa Bakalan Kecamatan Bululawang Kabupaten Malang)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="114091450" href="https://independent.academia.edu/nininkhoirunnisa4">ninin khoirunnisa</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">OPTIMA</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Farming income from sugar cane can be improved by the application of technology sugar cane farming and supported by existing capital. This research aims to describe the implementation of Kredit Ketahanan Pangan dan Energi (KKP-E) and analyze factors that affect sugarcane farmers in making decision the KKP-E. Research was filmed in the Bakalan Village Bululawang Subdistrict Malang District. Sample determination was done by using simple random sampling method. The data was collected by using interview, observation and documentation methods. Analysis data method used were descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results of study showsthat implementation of the KKP-E which was done in the area of research was right on target, but the goal of the KKP-E programs has not been fully achieved. In the meantime of logit analysis, socio-economic factors which affecting the decision making farmers KKP-E that is land farmers and number of household dependents sugar cane farmers. Sug...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"ANALISIS PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PETANI TEBU TERHADAP KREDIT KETAHANAN PANGAN DAN ENERGI (Studi Kasus di Desa Bakalan Kecamatan Bululawang Kabupaten Malang)","attachmentId":73613371,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/59948075/ANALISIS_PENGAMBILAN_KEPUTUSAN_PETANI_TEBU_TERHADAP_KREDIT_KETAHANAN_PANGAN_DAN_ENERGI_Studi_Kasus_di_Desa_Bakalan_Kecamatan_Bululawang_Kabupaten_Malang_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/59948075/ANALISIS_PENGAMBILAN_KEPUTUSAN_PETANI_TEBU_TERHADAP_KREDIT_KETAHANAN_PANGAN_DAN_ENERGI_Studi_Kasus_di_Desa_Bakalan_Kecamatan_Bululawang_Kabupaten_Malang_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="35454794" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35454794/STUDI_EKOLOGI_KEPITING_BAKAU_DAN_KEPITING_RANJUNGAN_DI_PERAIRAN_BATU_LICIN_KECAMATAN_BINTAN_TIMUR_KABUPATEN_BINTAN">STUDI EKOLOGI KEPITING BAKAU DAN KEPITING RANJUNGAN DI PERAIRAN BATU LICIN KECAMATAN BINTAN TIMUR KABUPATEN BINTAN</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="20845331" href="https://umrah.academia.edu/HenkyIrawan">Henky Irawan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Repository UMRAH, 2017</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Kepiting merupakan salah satu biota yang paling umum dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat. Kepiting sendiri merupakan bentos yang memiliki peranan penting sebagai indikator perairan karena biota tersebut tidak bersifat mobile. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui mengenai kelimpahan, pola sebaran, jenis makanan, cara makan serta parameter yang mempengaruhi keberadaan kepiting bakau dan kepiting ranjungan yang ada diperairan Batu Licin Kecamatan Bintan Timur. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey dimana sampel yang di ambil menggunakan alat tangkap berupa bubu Thailand dengan kedalaman ±5 m pada saat pasang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai kelimpahan kepiting bakau dan kepiting ranjungan tidak jauh dengan kisaran nilai 0,004 -0,002 ind/cm³ dan kepiting ranjungan 0,006 ind/cm³. Sedangkan pola sebaran kepiting bakau maupun kepiting ranjungan bersifat seragam. Habitat yang ditemukan beragam pada kepiting bakau ditemukan pada 3 jenis mangrove yang berbeda dan pada kepiting ranjungan ditemukan pada 2 jenis lamun. Kepiting bakau dan kepiting ranjungan umumnya mengkonsumsi plankton baik itu fitoplankton maupun zooplankton.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"STUDI EKOLOGI KEPITING BAKAU DAN KEPITING RANJUNGAN DI PERAIRAN BATU LICIN KECAMATAN BINTAN TIMUR KABUPATEN BINTAN","attachmentId":55316642,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35454794/STUDI_EKOLOGI_KEPITING_BAKAU_DAN_KEPITING_RANJUNGAN_DI_PERAIRAN_BATU_LICIN_KECAMATAN_BINTAN_TIMUR_KABUPATEN_BINTAN","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35454794/STUDI_EKOLOGI_KEPITING_BAKAU_DAN_KEPITING_RANJUNGAN_DI_PERAIRAN_BATU_LICIN_KECAMATAN_BINTAN_TIMUR_KABUPATEN_BINTAN"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":117058924,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":117058924,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_117058924" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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