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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Marie-Louise O'Murphy</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A" title="ماري لويز أومورفي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ماري لويز أومورفي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luiza_O%60Merfi" title="Luiza O`Merfi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Luiza O`Merfi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8-%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D0%9E%60%D0%9C%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B8" title="Мари-Луиз О`Мърфи – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мари-Луиз О`Мърфи" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy" title="Marie-Louise O'Murphy – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Marie-Louise O'Murphy" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy" title="Marie-Louise O'Murphy – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Marie-Louise O'Murphy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Louise_O%E2%80%99Murphy" title="Marie-Louise O’Murphy – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Marie-Louise O’Murphy" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy" title="Marie-Louise O'Murphy – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Marie-Louise O'Murphy" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy" title="Marie-Louise O'Murphy – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Marie-Louise O'Murphy" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81%DB%8C" title="مادموازل مورفی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مادموازل مورفی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy" title="Marie-Louise O'Murphy – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Marie-Louise O'Murphy" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy" title="Marie-Louise O'Murphy – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Marie-Louise O'Murphy" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Louise_O%E2%80%99Murphy_(kir%C3%A1lyi_%C3%A1gyas)" title="Marie-Louise O’Murphy (királyi ágyas) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Marie-Louise O’Murphy (királyi ágyas)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%89_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%89" title="مارى لويز اومورفى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مارى لويز اومورفى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Louise_O%E2%80%99Murphy" title="Marie-Louise O’Murphy – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Marie-Louise O’Murphy" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%EF%BC%9D%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A4%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AA%E3%83%9F%E3%83%A5%E3%83%AB%E3%83%95%E3%82%A3" title="マリー＝ルイーズ・オミュルフィ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マリー＝ルイーズ・オミュルフィ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy" title="Marie-Louise O'Murphy – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Marie-Louise O'Murphy" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy" title="Marie-Louise O'Murphy – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Marie-Louise O'Murphy" data-language-autonym="Română" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Mistress of King Louis XV of France</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Marie-Louise O'Murphy</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Resting_Girl_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_(1753)_-_Alte_Pinakothek_-_Munich_-_Germany_2017_(crop).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="François Boucher, Louise O'Murphy c. 1752, oil on canvas, Alte Pinakothek, Munich" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Resting_Girl_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_%281753%29_-_Alte_Pinakothek_-_Munich_-_Germany_2017_%28crop%29.jpg/290px-Resting_Girl_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_%281753%29_-_Alte_Pinakothek_-_Munich_-_Germany_2017_%28crop%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Resting_Girl_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_%281753%29_-_Alte_Pinakothek_-_Munich_-_Germany_2017_%28crop%29.jpg/435px-Resting_Girl_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_%281753%29_-_Alte_Pinakothek_-_Munich_-_Germany_2017_%28crop%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Resting_Girl_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_%281753%29_-_Alte_Pinakothek_-_Munich_-_Germany_2017_%28crop%29.jpg/580px-Resting_Girl_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_%281753%29_-_Alte_Pinakothek_-_Munich_-_Germany_2017_%28crop%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3597" data-file-height="2871" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">François Boucher's <i><a href="/wiki/The_Blonde_Odalisque" title="The Blonde Odalisque">The Blonde Odalisque</a></i> c. 1752, oil on canvas, <a href="/wiki/Alte_Pinakothek" title="Alte Pinakothek">Alte Pinakothek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1737-10-21</span>)</span>21 October 1737<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Rouen" title="Rouen">Rouen</a>, France</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">11 December 1814<span style="display:none">(1814-12-11)</span> (aged 77)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, France</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Mademoiselle de Morphy<br />La Belle Morphise<br />Louise Morfi<br />Marie-Louise Morphy de Boisfailly</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Nude model (1751-1752)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1751-1755</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Marie-Louise O'Murphy</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ma.ʁi.lwiz<span class="wrap"> </span>ɔ‿.myʁ.fi]</a></span>; 21 October 1737 – 11 December 1814), also variously called <i>Mademoiselle de Morphy</i>, <i>La Belle Morphise</i>, <i>Louise Morfi</i> or <i>Marie-Louise Morphy de Boisfailly</i>, was the youngest lesser <a href="/wiki/Mistress_(lover)" title="Mistress (lover)">mistress</a> (<i>petites maîtresses</i>) of King <a href="/wiki/Louis_XV_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XV of France">Louis XV of France</a>, and the model for <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher" title="François Boucher">François Boucher</a>'s painting <i><a href="/wiki/The_Blonde_Odalisque" title="The Blonde Odalisque">The Blonde Odalisque</a></i>, also known as <i>The Resting Girl</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Birth">Birth</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Birth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Marie-Louise O'Murphy (or Morfi)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was born in <a href="/wiki/Rouen" title="Rouen">Rouen</a> on 21 October 1737 as the youngest of twelve children of Daniel Morfi and Marguerite Iquy.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was baptized the same day in the church of Saint Eloi: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The 21st of October of 1737 was baptized by our priest Marie-Louise, daughter of Daniel Morphy and Marguerite Iquy and born from a legitimate marriage. The godfather Louis Jean Baptiste Goudouin and the godmother Marie Anne Obrienne signed the document. [Signed: Morfi, Louis Jean Baptiste Gondoüin, Marie Obrienne, Aubin priest.]<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Irish_ancestry">Irish ancestry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Irish ancestry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The family of Marie-Louise O'Murphy was of Irish origin, who settled in Normandy. The presence of her paternal grandfather Daniel Murphy is attested in Pont-Audemer at the end of the 17th century, when his first wife Marguerite Connard (Irish like him) died. Militant of the <a href="/wiki/Jacobitism" title="Jacobitism">Jacobite</a> army, he followed the deposed King <a href="/wiki/James_II_of_England" title="James II of England">James II of England</a> to his exile in the <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Saint-Germain-en-Laye" title="Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye">Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye</a>; in consequence all the Catholic regiments who remained loyal to the King were sentenced to death <i>in absentia</i> by the new English government. </p><p>Very little is known about the grandfather of Marie-Louise O'Murphy, except that he was one of the soldiers fired after the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Ryswick" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Ryswick">Treaty of Ryswick</a> in 1697. Daniel Murphy (variously named <i>Morfil</i>, <i>Morfi</i> or <i>Morphy</i>), moved to Rouen by 1699, when he married his second wife Brigitte Quoin; according to the parish records of Saint Eloi, in his marriage certificate he is designated as master <a href="/wiki/Shoemaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoemaker">shoemaker</a> (<i>maître cordonnier</i>). </p><p>His son, Daniel Morfi, father of Marie-Louise O'Murphy, married Marguerite Iquy, also Irish, on 21 January 1714 in the parish of Saint Eloi in Rouen: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The 21 of January of 1714 were married by the priest Daniel Morphy parishioner of Saint Maclou son of Daniel and Marguerite Connard, and Marguerite Iquy daughter of Jean and Brigitte Chrestien... [Signed: daniel morfi, marguerite iqui, Catt Blake, Pierre D'Heguerty, h Breheoy, etc.]<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Of the twelve children born to the couple between 1714 and 1737, five died shortly after birth and seven survived to adulthood: five daughters (Marguerite-Louise, <a href="/wiki/Brigitte_O%27Murphy" title="Brigitte O'Murphy">Marie-Brigitte</a>, Marie-Madeleine, Marie-Victoire, Marie-Louise); and two sons (Jean-François and Michel-Augustin). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Marie-Louise's parents had well-known criminal histories: Daniel Morfi was involved in a case of <a href="/wiki/Espionage" title="Espionage">espionage</a> and blackmail, while Marguerite Iquy was accused of <a href="/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution">prostitution</a> and theft. Daniel Morfi appears in the records of the <a href="/wiki/Bastille" title="Bastille">Bastille</a>, where he was confined "for state business" after his arrest on 23 February 1735.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An unscrupulous collaborator, then identified as secretary of <a href="/wiki/Charles_O%27Brien,_6th_Viscount_Clare" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles O'Brien, 6th Viscount Clare">Charles O'Brien, 6th Viscount Clare</a> accused him of stealing diplomatic correspondence that his master kept in secret with <a href="/wiki/James_Francis_Edward_Stuart" title="James Francis Edward Stuart">James Francis Edward Stuart</a> (known as "The Old Pretender"), the pretender to the English throne, then exiled in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>. Daniel Morfi had tried to blackmail James Francis, by threatening to sell to the court of <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> the papers he had stolen. The case undermines the French Government, by revealing secret diplomatic negotiations in favor of the restoration of the Stuarts. The arrest record showed that Daniel Morfi possessed a handwritten letter of the <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9-Hercule_de_Fleury" title="André-Hercule de Fleury">Cardinal de Fleury</a>, a letter from Viscount Clare and a letter from James Francis Stuart himself, containing his plans for the Restoration. Daniel Morfi was held incommunicado for seven months at the Bastille; after this, he was able to join his wife and children, but all were locked under close supervision into the Abbey of Arcis near Nogent-le-Rotrou. This confinement was terminated on 21 December 1736: Daniel Morfi was allowed to go wherever he wished, except Paris. Thus, with his family, he returned to Rouen, where Marie-Louise was born a year later. </p><p>Margaret Iquy, wife of Daniel Morfi, also left her traces in legal history. Arrested on 10 May 1729, along with Anne Galtier, she was conducted to the prison of <a href="/wiki/For-l%27%C3%89v%C3%AAque" title="For-l'Évêque">For-l'Évêque</a>, and later imprisoned in the <a href="/wiki/Piti%C3%A9-Salp%C3%AAtri%C3%A8re_Hospital" title="Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital">Salpêtrière</a>. Nicknamed "The Englishwoman" (<i>l’Anglaise</i>), she was 29 years old and recorded as originating in Saint-Germain-en-Laye; the inspector who arrested her declares that "these two prostitutes lived in debauchery with a young man of family" and "it was by the solicitation of these two women that this young man had done to his aunt a considerable theft". </p><p>The sisters of Marie-Louise O'Murphy are also known for being involved in prostitution. Jean Meunier, police inspector who was in charge of monitoring girls and women involved in this work, dedicated several pages to the O'Murphy sisters in the diary that he wrote from 1747 and in a report made in 1753 for his superior <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Ren%C3%A9_Berryer" title="Nicolas René Berryer">Nicolas René Berryer</a>, <i>lieutenant général de police</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 12 May 1753 Meunier dedicated three pages to the five O'Murphy sisters: Marguerite, Brigitte, Madeleine, Victoire and Marie-Louise. About Marguerite and Madeleine (nicknamed Magdelon), he notes that they have their "campaigns in Flanders" following the French army, but before their departure would often be in the company of their sister Victorie and "the Richardot, the Duval, the Beaudouin, the Fleurance and other women of the world". About Brigitte, Meunier wrote that "she always stayed with her parents and she wasn't either brilliant or noisy"; however, he concluded that "despite her ugliness we are sure that she wasn't an innocent girl". </p><p>This is probably a similar account to the information written by <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Louis_de_Voyer_de_Paulmy_d%27Argenson" class="mw-redirect" title="René Louis de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson">Marquis d'Argenson</a> in his diary on 1 April 1753 about Marie-Louise O'Murphy: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The King had a new mistress ... she belonged to a family of prostitutes and thieves.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>After the death of her father on 4 June 1753, Marie-Louise's mother brought the family to <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Model_of_François_Boucher"><span id="Model_of_Fran.C3.A7ois_Boucher"></span>Model of François Boucher</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Model of François Boucher"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In contemporary and modern historiography it is believed Marie-Louise O'Murphy was the very young model who posed for the <a href="/wiki/The_Blonde_Odalisque" title="The Blonde Odalisque"><i>Jeune Fille allongée</i> (<i>Reclining Girl</i>)</a>, of <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher" title="François Boucher">François Boucher</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a painting famous for its undisguised eroticism, dating from 1752. Two versions of this painting have survived, both conserved in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, one in the <a href="/wiki/Alte_Pinakothek" title="Alte Pinakothek">Alte Pinakothek</a> at <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a> and the other in the <a href="/wiki/Wallraf-Richartz_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Wallraf-Richartz Museum">Wallraf-Richartz Museum</a> at <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a>. Boucher, at the height of his fame, had made a specialty of these deliberately licentious nudes, represented in lascivious poses within a mythological context. <i>La Jeune Fille allongée</i>, also known as <i>l'Odalisque blonde</i> (the Blonde Odalisque), echoes the also erotic <i>Odalisque brune</i> (Brown Odalisque), painted around 1745, several copies of which are kept at the <a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Rheims" class="mw-redirect" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Rheims">Museum of Fine Arts, Rheims</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_-_Ruhendes_M%C3%A4dchen_-_1752.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Painting from the Alte Pinakothek, Munich."><img alt="Painting from the Alte Pinakothek, Munich." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_-_Ruhendes_M%C3%A4dchen_-_1752.JPG/150px-Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_-_Ruhendes_M%C3%A4dchen_-_1752.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_-_Ruhendes_M%C3%A4dchen_-_1752.JPG/225px-Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_-_Ruhendes_M%C3%A4dchen_-_1752.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_-_Ruhendes_M%C3%A4dchen_-_1752.JPG/300px-Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_-_Ruhendes_M%C3%A4dchen_-_1752.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3089" data-file-height="2474" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Painting from the <a href="/wiki/Alte_Pinakothek" title="Alte Pinakothek">Alte Pinakothek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reclining_Girl_-_Fran%C3%A7ois_Bucher_-_Wallraf-Richartz_Museum_-_Cologne_-_Germany_2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Painting from the Wallraf-Richartz Museum, Cologne."><img alt="Painting from the Wallraf-Richartz Museum, Cologne." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Reclining_Girl_-_Fran%C3%A7ois_Bucher_-_Wallraf-Richartz_Museum_-_Cologne_-_Germany_2017.jpg/150px-Reclining_Girl_-_Fran%C3%A7ois_Bucher_-_Wallraf-Richartz_Museum_-_Cologne_-_Germany_2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Reclining_Girl_-_Fran%C3%A7ois_Bucher_-_Wallraf-Richartz_Museum_-_Cologne_-_Germany_2017.jpg/225px-Reclining_Girl_-_Fran%C3%A7ois_Bucher_-_Wallraf-Richartz_Museum_-_Cologne_-_Germany_2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Reclining_Girl_-_Fran%C3%A7ois_Bucher_-_Wallraf-Richartz_Museum_-_Cologne_-_Germany_2017.jpg/300px-Reclining_Girl_-_Fran%C3%A7ois_Bucher_-_Wallraf-Richartz_Museum_-_Cologne_-_Germany_2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3444" data-file-height="2766" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Painting from the <a href="/wiki/Wallraf-Richartz_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Wallraf-Richartz Museum">Wallraf-Richartz Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Odalisque_brune_Boucher.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Painting from the Musée du Louvre, Paris."><img alt="Painting from the Musée du Louvre, Paris." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Odalisque_brune_Boucher.jpeg/150px-Odalisque_brune_Boucher.jpeg" decoding="async" width="150" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Odalisque_brune_Boucher.jpeg/225px-Odalisque_brune_Boucher.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Odalisque_brune_Boucher.jpeg/300px-Odalisque_brune_Boucher.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="3626" data-file-height="2864" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Painting from the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée du Louvre">Musée du Louvre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>.</div> </li> </ul> <p>In his <i><a href="/wiki/Histoire_de_ma_vie" title="Histoire de ma vie">Histoire de ma vie</a></i> (vol. 3, chap. 11), <a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Casanova" title="Giacomo Casanova">Giacomo Casanova</a> relates that he found her "a pretty, ragged, dirty, little creature" of thirteen years in the house of her sister, an actress. Struck by her beauty upon seeing her naked, however, he commissioned a nude portrait of her to be made, with the inscription "O-Morphi" (punning her name with Modern Greek ὄμορφη, "beautiful"), a copy of which found its way to King Louis XV, who then asked to see if the original corresponded with the painting: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The skilled artist had drawn her legs and thighs so that the eye could not wish to see more. There I write below: O-Morphi wasn't a Homeric or either Greek word. It simply meant "beautiful".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In his account of those events, which were written many years later, the Venetian seducer seeks to obtain the central role, even though he was perhaps only a partial witness. He did not specifically cite Boucher and seems rather, in the evening of his life, to have recorded this episode from gossip and pamphlets which circulated very freely in Europe at the end of the 18th century. Other sources are more accurate. </p><p>Police inspector Jean Meunier echoes in his diary another version of the facts, that circulates in the months following the meeting of Louis XV and Marie-Louise O'Murphy. On 8 May 1753 he wrote very specifically: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>They say that the youngest Morfi, fourth sister and therefore the youngest, served as a model of the Boucher painting, he painted her naked and gave or sold the painting to <a href="/wiki/Abel_Fran%C3%A7ois_Poisson" class="mw-redirect" title="Abel François Poisson">Monsieur de Vandières</a> [brother of <a href="/wiki/Madame_de_Pompadour" title="Madame de Pompadour">Madame de Pompadour</a>] and when the King saw it, became intrigued if the painter hadn't flattered the model, so he asked to see the youngest Morfi, and after their meeting, he found her even better than the painting.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Petite_maîtresse_of_Louis_XV"><span id="Petite_ma.C3.AEtresse_of_Louis_XV"></span><i>Petite maîtresse</i> of Louis XV</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Petite maîtresse of Louis XV"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <i>petite maîtresse</i> (little mistress) was given to Louis XV's mistresses that were not formally presented at court, and unlike the official mistress (<i><a href="/wiki/Ma%C3%AEtresse-en-titre" title="Maîtresse-en-titre">maîtresse-en-titre</a></i>) did not have an apartment in the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles" title="Palace of Versailles">Palace of Versailles</a>. Generally recruited by the King's valets in Paris' surroundings, if their affair lasted more than a single night, they were placed in a group of houses in the district of <a href="/wiki/Parc-aux-Cerfs" title="Parc-aux-Cerfs">Parc-aux-Cerfs</a> in Versailles, or close to other royal residences. Marie-Louise O'Murphy resided there for two years, from 1753 to 1755. </p><p>Different stories circulated about the exact circumstances in which she was presented to the King. As was previously mentioned, according to Meunier's reports, this was thanks to the mediation of Abel-François Poisson de Vandières, brother of Madame de Pompadour, showing Boucher's portrait to Louis XV.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another version supports the theory that the recruitment of Louis XV's little mistresses was done under the control of the inner circle of Madame de Pompadour: </p><p>Monsieur de Vandières, Director of the King's Buildings (<i><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A2timents_du_Roi" title="Bâtiments du Roi">Bâtiments du Roi</a></i>) in a letter<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dated 19 February 1753, gave a peculiar order to the painter <a href="/wiki/Charles-Joseph_Natoire" title="Charles-Joseph Natoire">Charles-Joseph Natoire</a> in Rome, who provides elements that suggests that he was in possession of the portrait of Marie-Louise O'Murphy made by Boucher, and he was able to show it to the King: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>I had a private room that I wanted to enrich with four pieces of the most expert painters of our school. I already had a <a href="/wiki/Charles-Andr%C3%A9_van_Loo" title="Charles-André van Loo">van Loo</a>, a Boucher and a <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Marie_Pierre" title="Jean-Baptiste Marie Pierre">Pierre</a>. You can judge that lacks a Natoire ... Because the room was very small and secret, I wanted nudity: the painting of Carle who represents the sleeping Antiope, and the painting of Boucher of a young woman lying on her stomach ...<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Then it is Dominique-Guillaume Lebel, first valet of the King's chamber, who had the delicate and secret mission to negotiate the "virginity" of the girl and bring her back to Versailles. Thus the Marquis d'Argenson in his diary, dated on 1 April 1753,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> recorded that "Lebel was in Paris to bring a new virgin ... then he contacted a dressmaker named Fleuret, who provides the lovers with dresses from his shop at Saint Honoré". By 30 March, he still did not know the identity of Marie-Louise O'Murphy and he refers to a "little girl who was a model in Boucher" and the King "would have seen Lebel his valet". </p><p>After a miscarriage in mid-1753 which almost killed her (as a result this merely brought Louis XV closer to her because he loved the idea that she had almost died "in service" as a proof of her affection for him),<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marie-Louise O'Murphy gave birth to Louis XV's <a href="/wiki/Illegitimate" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegitimate">illegitimate</a> daughter,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006118–132_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006118–132-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Agathe-Louise de Saint-Antoine de Saint-André, born in Paris on 20 June 1754 and baptized that same day at Saint-Paul as a child of "Louis de Saint-André, Old official of infantry and Louise-Marie de Berhini, resident of Saint-Antoine street", both non-existent persons; the King (who did not want to recognize the offspring born from <i>petites maîtresses</i> and brief affairs) ordered that the newborn must be immediately placed in care of a <a href="/wiki/Wet_nurse" title="Wet nurse">wet nurse</a>. Subsequently, Agathe-Louise was sent to the <i>Couvent de la Présentation</i>, where she was raised; Louis XV paid a pension for his daughter and appointed Louis Yon, Secretary of the Comptroller of Finances and Jean-Michel Delage, a notary, both trustworthy men, as her legal guardians.<sup id="cite_ref-histoire_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-histoire-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marie-Louise_Morphy_de_Boisfailly">Marie-Louise Morphy de Boisfailly</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Marie-Louise Morphy de Boisfailly"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name of "Marie-Louise Morphy de Boisfailly" that she used in the second part of her life was invented for her first marriage. </p><p>After serving as a mistress to the King for almost two years, Marie-Louise O'Murphy made a mistake that was common for many courtesans, that of trying to replace the official mistress. She unwisely tried to unseat the longtime royal favorite, Madame de Pompadour. This ill-judged move quickly resulted in O'Murphy's downfall at court. </p><p>In November 1755 Marie-Louise O'Murphy was expelled at night from her home at Parc-aux-Cerfs. Repudiated by the King, she was sent far away from Versailles:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006139–168_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006139–168-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The King ordered her to leave at four in the morning to Paris: there she received the unexpected order to marry and she must obey.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>She was hastily married on 25 November 1755, by contract signed before Mr. Patu, notary in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Beaufranchet" title="Jacques Beaufranchet">Jacques Pelet de Beaufranchet</a>, Seigneur d'Ayat (born 5 March 1728).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006169–175_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006169–175-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The marriage was arranged by the inner circle of Madame de Pompadour. The <a href="/wiki/Charles_Philippe_d%27Albert_de_Luynes" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Philippe d'Albert de Luynes">Duke of Luynes</a> and the Marquis de Valfons recorded that the <a href="/wiki/Charles,_Prince_of_Soubise" title="Charles, Prince of Soubise">Prince of Soubise</a> and the Marquis de Lugeac received the task to find a husband for Marie-Louise O'Murphy and arrange her marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The intended husband was chosen with great care: well born, with a good name for the former <i>Petite maîtresse</i>, young and good-looking. Beaufranchet, a good soldier and without fortune, obeyed the King's order. </p><p>It was in order to give Marie-Louise O'Murphy a better status before her future in-laws and to spare the aristocrat sensibilities of Beaufranchet, that the young woman received the surname of Morphy de Boisfailly, and called a daughter of Daniel Morphy de Boisfailly, an Irish gentleman. As a dowry, she received the sum of 200,000 livres, a disguised donation from Louis XV, through the father Vanier, canon of the Royal and Collegiate Church of Saint-Paul de Lestrée at Saint-Denis; in addition, she was allowed to keep the clothes and jewelry received from the King during her stay at Parc-aux-Cerfs. </p><p>The engagement took place the next day and the wedding was celebrated on 27 November 1755 in the parish of Saints Innocents, in the greatest secrecy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006169–175_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006169–175-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beaufranchet's parents remained in the province and sent their proxies to the wedding. By the side of Marie-Louise, no family member was present. Her mother was represented by a lawyer of the Parlement called Noël Duval, and none of her sisters was present, perhaps to spare the "mighty Seigneur d'Ayat" a painful confrontation with his humble and scandalous in-laws. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Soon, the new Dame d'Ayat became pregnant. Her first child, a daughter named Louise Charlotte Antoinette Françoise Pelet de Beaufranchet, was born on 30 October 1756. Thirteen months later, on 5 November 1757, Jacques Pelet de Beaufranchet was killed in action at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rossbach" title="Battle of Rossbach">battle of Rossbach</a>, and seventeen days later (22 November), Marie-Louise gave birth to a second child, a son, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Charles_Antoine_de_Beaufranchet" title="Louis Charles Antoine de Beaufranchet">Louis Charles Antoine Pelet de Beaufranchet</a>, the later <i>Comte de Beaufranchet</i> and General under the Republic.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Her daughter Louise Charlotte died on 6 February 1759, aged two. Thirteen days later, on 19 February at <a href="/wiki/Riom" title="Riom">Riom</a>, Marie-Louise married her second husband, François Nicolas Le Normant, Comte de Flaghac and Receiver General of Finance in Riom (born 13 September 1725), a divorcee with three children. Her new husband being a distant cousin of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Guillaume_Le_Normant_d%27%C3%89tiolles" title="Charles Guillaume Le Normant d'Étiolles">Charles Guillaume Le Normant d'Étiolles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Fran%C3%A7ois_Paul_Le_Normant_de_Tournehem" title="Charles François Paul Le Normant de Tournehem">Charles François Paul Le Normant de Tournehem</a>, through this marriage Marie-Louise became related to Madame de Pompadour. In addition, and thanks to her closeness with <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Marie_Terray" title="Joseph Marie Terray">Abbot Ferray</a>, the former royal mistress was able to enter into the finance world and thanks to the traffic of influences, had access to the <i><a href="/wiki/Ferme_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale" title="Ferme générale">Ferme générale</a></i>, which enabled her to expand her assets and fortune.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006203–213_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006203–213-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From her second marriage, Marie-Louise gave birth to a daughter, <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marguerite_Victoire_Le_Normant_de_Flaghac" class="extiw" title="fr:Marguerite Victoire Le Normant de Flaghac">Marguerite Victoire Le Normant de Flaghac</a> (5 January 1768 – 25 January 1830),<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who, according to one theory, could be another illegitimate daughter of Louis XV.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1779, she bought a palace in Paris at the <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rue_du_Faubourg-Poissonni%C3%A8re" class="extiw" title="fr:Rue du Faubourg-Poissonnière">Rue du Faubourg-Poissonière</a>, built in 1773 in the neoclassical style by the architect <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Lenoir" class="extiw" title="fr:Nicolas Lenoir">Samson-Nicolas Lenoir</a>, known as the <i><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Ch%C3%A9ret" class="extiw" title="fr:Hôtel Chéret">Hôtel Benoist de Sainte Paulle</a></i>, which still stands today. In 1782 at <a href="/wiki/Villennes-sur-Seine" title="Villennes-sur-Seine">Villennes-sur-Seine</a>, she bought the Migneaux estate, where she had a house built.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006215_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006215-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the death of her second husband on 24 April 1783 (who left her a pension of 12,000 francs<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlger1894_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlger1894-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), she had to resell this property in 1785.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006232_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006232-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 September 1787, she bought from the Choiseuls, for the amount 220,000 livres, a lordship in <a href="/wiki/Soisy-sur-Seine" title="Soisy-sur-Seine">Soisy-sous-Etiolles</a>, in the immediate vicinity of <a href="/wiki/Etiolles" class="mw-redirect" title="Etiolles">Etiolles</a>, the former residence of the Marquise de Pompadour.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006232_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006232-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006255_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006255-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the last years of the <i><a href="/wiki/Ancien_R%C3%A9gime" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancien Régime">Ancien Régime</a></i>, Marie-Louise was very close to <a href="/wiki/Claude_Antoine_de_Valdec_de_Lessart" title="Claude Antoine de Valdec de Lessart">Claude Antoine de Valdec de Lessart</a>, appointed Controller General of Finance, at the end of 1790, following Necker's dismissal.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006218–235_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006218–235-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1791, he also became Minister of the Interior but was arrested on 10 March 1792 and massacred by <a href="/wiki/Sans-culottes" title="Sans-culottes">sans-culottes</a> on 9 September 1792.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006236–242_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006236–242-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the murder of Valdec de Lessart, Marie-Louise then retired to <a href="/wiki/Le_Havre" title="Le Havre">Le Havre</a>, and, unable to flee the country, returned to her castle in Soisy-sous-Etiolles, where she was arrested in February 1794. She was then incarcerated as a "suspect", under the name of O'Murphy, at <a href="/wiki/Sainte-P%C3%A9lagie_Prison" title="Sainte-Pélagie Prison">Sainte-Pélagie Prison</a> and later at the <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couvent_des_Anglaises" class="extiw" title="fr:Couvent des Anglaises">English Benedictine convent in Paris</a>, known as the <i>Couvent des Anglaises</i>. The influence of her son and that of her nephew General <a href="/wiki/Louis_Desaix" title="Louis Desaix">Louis Desaix</a> (son of her sister-in-law Amable de Beaufranchet) enabled her to escape the guillotine, and she was released after the fall of <a href="/wiki/Maximilien_Robespierre" title="Maximilien Robespierre">Robespierre</a> in July 1794.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006242–259_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006242–259-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After her release, Marie-Louise found a new protector in the person of <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis-Philippe_Dumont" class="extiw" title="fr:Louis-Philippe Dumont">Louis Philippe Dumont</a> (17 November 1765 – 11 June 1853), a moderate <a href="/wiki/Member_of_parliament" title="Member of parliament">MP</a> for <a href="/wiki/Calvados_(department)" title="Calvados (department)">Calvados</a> in the <a href="/wiki/National_Convention" title="National Convention">National Convention</a> and twenty-eight years younger than her. They married on 19 June 1795 at Soisy-sous-Etiolles; however, this union quickly failed, and after almost three years, they divorced on 16 March 1798. She never married again. </p><p>In 1795, she sold her Parisian palace. On 7 December 1798, she resold her domain of Soisy-sous-Etiolles to <a href="/wiki/Claude_Lecourbe" title="Claude Lecourbe">General Lecourbe</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006260_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006260-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and spent the rest of her life in retirement. </p><p>In 1811 her first great-grandchild was born, Louise Antoinette Zoé Terreyre (daughter of Anne Pauline Victoire Laure Pelet de Beaufranchet d'Ayat, who was the daughter of Marie-Louise's son, the <a href="/wiki/Louis_Charles_Antoine_de_Beaufranchet" title="Louis Charles Antoine de Beaufranchet">Comte de Beaufranchet</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-roglo_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roglo-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another great-grandchild, Louise Thérèse Mesnard de Chousy (daughter of Alfred Mesnard, comte de Chousy, son of Marguerite Victoire Le Normant de Flaghac), became the wife of <a href="/wiki/Edmond-Charles_de_Martimprey" title="Edmond-Charles de Martimprey">Edmond-Charles de Martimprey</a>, a French soldier, who briefly served as Governor General of Algeria, and then became Senator of France during the <a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">Second French Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-roglo_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roglo-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Marie-Louise O'Murphy died in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> on 11 December 1814 aged 77,<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at the home of her daughter, Marguerite Le Normant. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Morfi was the common spelling used by her father when signing various documents, like his marriage record on 21 January 1714 in Rouen or the act of baptism of his daughter Marie-Louise in 1737.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In the parish registers of Saint Eloi and Saint Sauveur de Rouen could be identified 12 children of Daniel O'Murphy and Marguerite O'Hiquy.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">It is unclear if Agathe-Louise ever met her mother, from whom she had been separated at birth. The Abbot Soulavie related later a hypothetical meeting between Marie-Louise O'Murphy and her natural daughter: in the early 1770s, Marie-Louise placed her youngest daughter, Marguerite Victoire Le Normant in the same convent where Agathe-Louise was stayed. Both girls soon became friends without knowing the bond between them. The nuns would later agree that Marie-Louise met her illegitimate daughter but without telling her that she was her real mother; however, Agathe-Louise finally discovered her true identity and once the King knew this, he ordered a final separation between Marie-Louise and their daughter.<sup id="cite_ref-histoire_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-histoire-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 1773, when Agathe-Louise was old enough to marry, Louis XV granted her letters of Official Recognition of Nobility, which enabled her to marry a nobleman. From then, she was considered a member of "the oldest nobility" (<i>issue de la plus ancienne noblesse</i>). The King also maintained that Agathe-Louise "had the titles and noble qualities acquired by right of birth without it may be required to bring in other securities or evidence we have provided". Beautiful, young, with a strong resemblance with Louis XV and now rich after she received from the King a capital of 223,000 livres, a marriage proposal was presented to the King by his favorite, the <a href="/wiki/Madame_du_Barry" title="Madame du Barry">Comtesse du Barry</a>: Agathe-Louise could marry her nephew Adolphe du Barry, son of Jean du Barry, who reportedly "had one of the worst reputations of the 18th century". Louis Yon opposed the project, considering the du Barry were "a family of freaks". Finally, was chosen Mans-Jean-René de la Tour du Pin, Marquis de la Charce as the husband of Agathe-Louise, with the wedding being celebrated at the Parisian Convent of the Visitation on 27 December 1773. Despite the rejection of her nephew, the Comtesse du Barry facilitates the debut at the court of the young Marquise de la Charce. Nine months after her marriage, Agathe-Louise dies, probably a consequence of a miscarriage, on 6 September 1774, four months after Louis XV's death.<sup id="cite_ref-histoire_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-histoire-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">He was a royal page in 1771, lieutenant of infantry in 1774, was probably present as chief of Berruyer's staff at Louis XVI's execution, and served as brigadier-general in Vendee. Suspended as a <i><a href="/wiki/Ci-devant" title="Ci-devant">ci-devant</a></i> in July 1793, he addressed remonstrances to the minister of war, excusing himself for having been born in a class justly disliked, and mentioning his mother, then at Havre with her grandchildren, but making no reference to his father. Through the influence of <a href="/wiki/Louis_Desaix" title="Louis Desaix">Louis Desaix</a>, his cousin, he was in 1798 allowed a retiring pension; he sat in the <a href="/wiki/Corps_Legislatif" class="mw-redirect" title="Corps Legislatif">Corps Legislatif</a> in 1803, and died at Paris 2 July 1812.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlger1894_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlger1894-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Authors like Camille Pascal, identify Marguerite Victoire as a daughter of Louis XV; the connection between the King and the new Comtesse de Flaghac having very probably known new episodes, in particular during March 1767. This paternity of Louis XV is supported by three facts: <ul><li>The King gave Marie-Louise O'Murphy the sum of 350,000 livres between 1771–1772 (Marguerite, then a three-years-old child, surpassed the dangerous first year of infancy, and Louis XV probably wanted to protect the mother of his child).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006194–196_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006194–196-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>When Marguerite married firstly in 1786, the contract was entered into in the presence and with the approval of the King and Queen, and the entire royal family. This contract bears the signatures of <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI" title="Louis XVI">Louis XVI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marie-Antoinette" class="mw-redirect" title="Marie-Antoinette">Marie-Antoinette</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII" title="Louis XVIII">Count</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marie_Jos%C3%A9phine_of_Savoy" title="Marie Joséphine of Savoy">Countess of Provence</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Charles_X_of_France" title="Charles X of France">Count</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maria_Theresa_of_Savoy" title="Maria Theresa of Savoy">Countess of Artois</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lisabeth_of_France" title="Élisabeth of France">Madame Elizabeth</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006196–197_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006196–197-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>After the <a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France" title="Bourbon Restoration in France">Bourbon Restoration</a>, King Charles X gave Marguerite an "annual indemnity" of 2,000 francs from his own treasure and had her entered on the <a href="/wiki/Civil_List" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil List">Civil List</a> for a life pension of 3,000 francs.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006197–198_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006197–198-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </span></li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rijksmuseumamsterdam.blogspot.com/2012/03/francois-boucher-blonde-odalisque-1752.html">"François Boucher: Blonde Odalisque (1752); Alte Pinakothek, München"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fran%C3%A7ois+Boucher%3A+Blonde+Odalisque+%281752%29%3B+Alte+Pinakothek%2C+M%C3%BCnchen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frijksmuseumamsterdam.blogspot.com%2F2012%2F03%2Ffrancois-boucher-blonde-odalisque-1752.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarie-Louise+O%27Murphy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Archives départementales de Seine Maritime</i>: Microfilm N° 3E00999, Register 104, Rouen Paroisse Saint Éloi, BMS 1731–1740, vue 90/199.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Archives départementales de Seine Maritime</i>: Microfilm N° 3E00999, Registre 102, Rouen Paroisse Saint Eloi, BMS 1711–1721, vue 67/221.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">François Ravaisson-Mollien: <i>Archives de la Bastille, documents inédits</i>, t. XIV (1736-1737), pp. 405–407.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">These two manuscripts are preserved in the library of the Arsenal in Paris: <i>Manuscrits Bastille 10251, rapport sur la famille Morphis, mai 1753</i> and <i>Manuscrits Bastille 10234, Journal de Meunier</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Journal et mémoires du marquis d’Argenson</i>, published by the Society for the History of France by Edmé-Jacques-Benoît Rathery, Paris 1859-1867, t. VII, p. 440 and 441.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">René Rouault de la Vigne, <i>Les soeurs Morphy de Rouen à Paris et Versailles</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">English art historian Alastair Lang, in the catalog of the retrospective of François Boucher at the Grand Palais of Paris in 1985, refutes the identification of the "blonde Odalisque" as Marie-Louise O'Murphy. His theory was further taken by Pierre Rosenberg in his description about this same painting in the "Exhibition Catalogue of Poussin, Watteau, Chardin, David ... French Painting in German collections, 17–18th centuries", Paris, French Society of Artistic Promotion, 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Giacomo Casanova, <i>History of My Life</i>, vols. 3 & 4, trans. Willard R. Trask (New York: Harcourt, 1967), pp. 198–202. This portrait is apparently not to be identified with the portrait made by Boucher, though Casanova's description indicates that the poses were similar.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Manuscript preserved in the library of the Arsenal in Paris: <i>Bastille 10234, Journal de Meunier</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Excerpt from the journal of police inspector Jean Meunier, dated 8 May 1753. Manuscript preserved in the library of the Arsenal in Paris: <i>Bastille 10234, Journal de Meunier</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Published in <i>Correspondence of Directors of the Académie de France in Rome with the Superintendents of Buildings</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Anatole_de_Montaiglon" title="Anatole de Montaiglon">Anatole de Montaiglon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jules_Guiffrey" title="Jules Guiffrey">Jules Guiffrey</a>, Paris 1887–1912, Vol. X, 1900, pp. 438–439.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Correspondance des Directeurs de l'Académie de France à Rome avec les Surintendants des Bâtiments</i>, published by Anatole de Montaiglon and Jules Guiffrey, Paris 1887–1912, vol. X, 1900, pp. 438–439.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Journal et mémoires du marquis d’Argenson</i>, published by the Society for the History of France by E. J. B. Rathery, Paris 1859-1867, vol. VII.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFComte_Napoléon-Maurice-Émile_de_Fleury1899" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Comte Napoléon-Maurice-Émile de Fleury (1899). <i>Louis XV intime et les petites maîtresses</i> (in French). Frédérique Patat (edition 2017). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2373240696" title="Special:BookSources/978-2373240696"><bdi>978-2373240696</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Louis+XV+intime+et+les+petites+ma%C3%AEtresses&rft.pub=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9rique+Patat+%28edition+2017%29&rft.date=1899&rft.isbn=978-2373240696&rft.au=Comte+Napol%C3%A9on-Maurice-%C3%89mile+de+Fleury&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarie-Louise+O%27Murphy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006118–132-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006118–132_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPascal2006">Pascal 2006</a>, pp. 118–132.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-histoire-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-histoire_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-histoire_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-histoire_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.histoire-et-secrets.com/articles.php?lng=fr&pg=1225"><i>Les enfants naturels de Louis XV: Agathe-Louise de Saint-Antoine de Saint-André</i> in: www.histoire-et-secrets.com</a> [retrieved 12 January 2016].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006139–168-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006139–168_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPascal2006">Pascal 2006</a>, pp. 139–168.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Argenson, vol. IX, p. 158, 28 December 1755.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006169–175-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006169–175_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006169–175_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPascal2006">Pascal 2006</a>, pp. 169–175.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Duc d'Albert de Luynes: <i>Mémoires sur la cour de Louis XV 1735–1758</i>, edited by <a href="/wiki/Louis_d%27Ussieux" title="Louis d'Ussieux">Louis d'Ussieux</a> and Eudore Soulié, Paris Firmin Didot brothers, 1860–1865; and <a href="/wiki/Camille_Math%C3%A9i_de_Valfons" title="Camille Mathéi de Valfons">Marquis de Valfons</a>, <i>Souvenirs</i>, presented and annotated edition by J. Hellegouarc'h, Paris 2003.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlger1894-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlger1894_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlger1894_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAlger1894">Alger 1894</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006203–213-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006203–213_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPascal2006">Pascal 2006</a>, pp. 203–213.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.paris.fr/arkotheque/visionneuse/visionneuse.php?arko=YTo2OntzOjQ6ImRhdGUiO3M6MTA6IjIwMjAtMTAtMzEiO3M6MTA6InR5cGVfZm9uZHMiO3M6MTE6ImFya29fc2VyaWVsIjtzOjQ6InJlZjEiO2k6NTtzOjQ6InJlZjIiO2k6MzY4MzY7czoxNjoidmlzaW9ubmV1c2VfaHRtbCI7YjoxO3M6MjE6InZpc2lvbm5ldXNlX2h0bWxfbW9kZSI7czo0OiJwcm9kIjt9#uielem_move=0%2C0&uielem_islocked=0&uielem_zoom=31&uielem_brightness=0&uielem_contrast=0&uielem_isinverted=0&uielem_rotate=F">Paris, État civil reconstitué, vue 13/51.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006194–196-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006194–196_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPascal2006">Pascal 2006</a>, pp. 194–196.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006196–197-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006196–197_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPascal2006">Pascal 2006</a>, pp. 196–197.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006197–198-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006197–198_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPascal2006">Pascal 2006</a>, pp. 197–198.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006215-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006215_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPascal2006">Pascal 2006</a>, p. 215.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006232-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006232_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006232_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPascal2006">Pascal 2006</a>, p. 232.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006255-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006255_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPascal2006">Pascal 2006</a>, p. 255.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006218–235-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006218–235_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPascal2006">Pascal 2006</a>, pp. 218–235.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006236–242-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006236–242_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPascal2006">Pascal 2006</a>, pp. 236–242.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006242–259-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006242–259_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPascal2006">Pascal 2006</a>, pp. 242–259.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPascal2006260-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPascal2006260_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPascal2006">Pascal 2006</a>, p. 260.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFComte_Albert_de_Remacle1995" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Comte Albert de Remacle (1995). <i>Dictionnaire généalogique, Familles d'Auvergne, tome 1</i> (in French). Clermont-Ferrand: ARGHA. pp. 160–161. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-9503286-5-2" title="Special:BookSources/2-9503286-5-2"><bdi>2-9503286-5-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9alogique%2C+Familles+d%27Auvergne%2C+tome+1&rft.place=Clermont-Ferrand&rft.pages=160-161&rft.pub=ARGHA&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=2-9503286-5-2&rft.au=Comte+Albert+de+Remacle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarie-Louise+O%27Murphy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-roglo-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-roglo_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-roglo_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://roglo.eu/roglo?lang=en&m=D&i=982095&t=T&image=on&bd=0&color=&v=10"><i>Descendants of Marie-Louise O'Murphy</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211203104622/http://roglo.eu/roglo?lang=en&m=D&i=982095&t=T&image=on&bd=0&color=&v=10">Archived</a> December 3, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved December 3, 2021 - via Roglo.eu.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarric" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Garric, Alain. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gw.geneanet.org/garric?lang=fr&p=louise+therese&n=mesnard+de+chousy">"Louise Thérèse MESNARD DE CHOUSY"</a>. <i>Geneanet</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Geneanet&rft.atitle=Louise+Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se+MESNARD+DE+CHOUSY&rft.aulast=Garric&rft.aufirst=Alain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgw.geneanet.org%2Fgarric%3Flang%3Dfr%26p%3Dlouise%2Btherese%26n%3Dmesnard%2Bde%2Bchousy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarie-Louise+O%27Murphy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k24659n/f588.image.langFR"><i>La Grande Encyclopédie</i></a> (in French). Vol. 24. 1899. p. 580.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Grande+Encyclop%C3%A9die&rft.pages=580&rft.date=1899&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k24659n%2Ff588.image.langFR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarie-Louise+O%27Murphy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><b>Attribution:</b> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlger1894" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Goldworth_Alger" title="John Goldworth Alger">Alger, John Goldworth</a> (1894). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Murphy, Marie Louise"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography,_1885-1900/Murphy,_Marie_Louise">"Murphy, Marie Louise" </a></span>. In <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lee" title="Sidney Lee">Lee, Sidney</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Dictionary of National Biography</a></i>. Vol. 38. London: Smith, Elder & Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Murphy%2C+Marie+Louise&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Smith%2C+Elder+%26+Co&rft.date=1894&rft.aulast=Alger&rft.aufirst=John+Goldworth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarie-Louise+O%27Murphy" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marie-Louise_O%27Murphy&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Casanova" title="Giacomo Casanova">Casanova, Giacomo</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/Histoire_de_ma_vie" title="Histoire de ma vie">Histoire de ma vie</a></i>, F.A. Brockhaus, Wiesbaden et Plon, Paris 1960–1961.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPascal2006" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pascal, Camille (2006). <i>Le goût du roi, Louis XV et Marie-Louise O'Murphy</i> (in French). Paris: <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Perrin" class="mw-redirect" title="Éditions Perrin">Perrin</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-262-01704-2" title="Special:BookSources/2-262-01704-2"><bdi>2-262-01704-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+go%C3%BBt+du+roi%2C+Louis+XV+et+Marie-Louise+O%27Murphy&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Perrin&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=2-262-01704-2&rft.aulast=Pascal&rft.aufirst=Camille&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarie-Louise+O%27Murphy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Schulz, Alexander: <i>Louison O'Morphy. Bouchers Modell für das Ruhende Mädchen</i>, Isny, Andreas Schultz, 1998, 80 p.</li> <li>Sprott, Duncan: <i>Our Lady of the potatoes</i>, Faber and Faber, Londres, 1997, 235 p.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234291#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234291#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234291#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000054261274">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/47930257">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/255718/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJpjgHVc3yFKWQmRqdT4MP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/13269946X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nr89010522">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15106112r">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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.portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portal</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prostitution_in_France" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prostitution_in_France" title="Template:Prostitution in France"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prostitution_in_France" title="Template talk:Prostitution in France"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prostitution_in_France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prostitution in France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prostitution_in_France" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_France" title="Prostitution in France">Prostitution in France</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Overview</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_France" title="Prostitution in France">Prostitution in France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Paris" title="Prostitution in Paris">Prostitution in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_prostitution_in_Paris" title="Chinese prostitution in Paris">Chinese prostitution in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Overseas_France" title="Prostitution in Overseas France">Prostitution in Overseas France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_prostitution_in_France" title="History of prostitution in France">History of prostitution in France</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brothels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brothels_in_Paris" title="Brothels in Paris">Brothels in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aux_Belles_Poules" title="Aux Belles Poules">Aux Belles Poules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Chabanais" title="Le Chabanais">Le Chabanais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Fleur_blanche" title="La Fleur blanche">La Fleur blanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%27%C3%89toile_de_Kl%C3%A9ber" title="L'Étoile de Kléber">L'Étoile de Kléber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanterne_Verte" title="Lanterne Verte">Lanterne Verte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Fourcy" title="Le Fourcy">Le Fourcy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_Souquet" title="Maison Souquet">Maison Souquet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-Two-Two" title="One-Two-Two">One-Two-Two</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_Oriental_(Reims)" title="Palais Oriental (Reims)">Palais Oriental (Reims)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Sphinx" title="Le Sphinx">Le Sphinx</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Law</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loi_Marthe_Richard" title="Loi Marthe Richard">Loi Marthe Richard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Activists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morgane_Merteuil" title="Morgane Merteuil">Morgane Merteuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thierry_Schaffauser" title="Thierry Schaffauser">Thierry Schaffauser</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Brothel owners & madams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madame_Claude" title="Madame Claude">Madame Claude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Gourdan" title="Marguerite Gourdan">Marguerite Gourdan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justine_Paris" title="Justine Paris">Justine Paris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Courtesans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89milienne_d%27Alen%C3%A7on" title="Émilienne d'Alençon">Émilienne d'Alençon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Alibert" title="Marguerite Alibert">Marguerite Alibert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanche_d%27Antigny" title="Blanche d'Antigny">Blanche d'Antigny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Bellanger" title="Marguerite Bellanger">Marguerite Bellanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Br%C3%A9court" title="Jeanne Brécourt">Jeanne Brécourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berthe_de_Courri%C3%A8re" title="Berthe de Courrière">Berthe de Courrière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Delorme" title="Marion Delorme">Marion Delorme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Victoire_Dervieux" title="Anne Victoire Dervieux">Anne Victoire Dervieux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie-Anne_Detourbay" title="Marie-Anne Detourbay">Marie-Anne Detourbay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madame_du_Barry" title="Madame du Barry">Madame du Barry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Duplessis" title="Marie Duplessis">Marie Duplessis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosalie_Duth%C3%A9" title="Rosalie Duthé">Rosalie Duthé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marthe_de_Florian" title="Marthe de Florian">Marthe de Florian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A9nie_Foug%C3%A8re_(demimondaine)" title="Eugénie Fougère (demimondaine)">Eugénie Fougère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Gourdan" title="Marguerite Gourdan">Marguerite Gourdan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Grand" title="Catherine Grand">Catherine Grand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie-Madeleine_Guimard" title="Marie-Madeleine Guimard">Marie-Madeleine Guimard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valtesse_de_La_Bigne" title="Valtesse de La Bigne">Valtesse de La Bigne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Fran%C3%A7oise_Elisabeth_Lange" title="Anne Françoise Elisabeth Lange">Anne Françoise Elisabeth Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genevi%C3%A8ve_Lantelme" title="Geneviève Lantelme">Geneviève Lantelme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9ry_Laurent" title="Méry Laurent">Méry Laurent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninon_de_l%27Enclos" title="Ninon de l'Enclos">Ninon de l'Enclos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9onie_L%C3%A9on" title="Léonie Léon">Léonie Léon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Marie-Louise O'Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Pa%C3%AFva" title="La Païva">La Païva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justine_Paris" title="Justine Paris">Justine Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympe_P%C3%A9lissier" title="Olympe Pélissier">Olympe Pélissier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liane_de_Pougy" title="Liane de Pougy">Liane de Pougy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollonie_Sabatier" title="Apollonie Sabatier">Apollonie Sabatier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Steinheil" title="Marguerite Steinheil">Marguerite Steinheil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9r%C3%A9sa_Tallien" title="Thérésa Tallien">Thérésa Tallien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theroigne_de_Mericourt" title="Theroigne de Mericourt">Theroigne de Mericourt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Pimps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Carbone" title="Paul Carbone">Paul Carbone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamida_Djandoubi" title="Hamida Djandoubi">Hamida Djandoubi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Spirito" title="François Spirito">François Spirito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9taux_de_Villette" title="Rétaux de Villette">Rétaux de Villette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Prostitutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fernande_Barrey" title="Fernande Barrey">Fernande Barrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zahia_Dehar" title="Zahia Dehar">Zahia Dehar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Genet" title="Jean Genet">Jean Genet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valtesse_de_La_Bigne" title="Valtesse de La Bigne">Valtesse de La Bigne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Lacroix" title="Caroline Lacroix">Caroline Lacroix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamila_M%27Barek" title="Jamila M'Barek">Jamila M'Barek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgane_Merteuil" title="Morgane Merteuil">Morgane Merteuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Muzard" title="Suzanne Muzard">Suzanne Muzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marthe_Richard" title="Marthe Richard">Marthe Richard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9taux_de_Villette" title="Rétaux de Villette">Rétaux de Villette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Les_amis_du_bus_des_femmes" title="Les amis du bus des femmes">Les amis du bus des femmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syndicat_du_travail_sexuel" title="Syndicat du travail sexuel">Syndicat du travail sexuel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Red-light districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bois_de_Boulogne" title="Bois de Boulogne">Bois de Boulogne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bois_de_Vincennes" title="Bois de Vincennes">Bois de Vincennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pigalle,_Paris" title="Pigalle, Paris">Quartier Pigalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Saint-Denis_(Paris)" title="Rue Saint-Denis (Paris)">Rue Saint-Denis (Paris)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bordel_militaire_de_campagne" title="Bordel militaire de campagne">Bordel militaire de campagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigade_de_r%C3%A9pression_du_prox%C3%A9n%C3%A9tisme" title="Brigade de répression du proxénétisme">Brigade de répression du proxénétisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_French_Woman" title="The French Woman">The French Woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madelonnettes_Convent" title="Madelonnettes Convent">Madelonnettes Convent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Saint-Nizier_church_by_Lyon_prostitutes" title="Occupation of Saint-Nizier church by Lyon prostitutes">Occupation of Saint-Nizier church by Lyon prostitutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parisian_Women_in_Algerian_Costume_(The_Harem)" title="Parisian Women in Algerian Costume (The Harem)">Parisian Women in Algerian Costume (The Harem)</a></li> <li><a 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