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<span>Scope</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scope-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Profile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Profile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Profile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Profile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administration_and_delivery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration_and_delivery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Administration and delivery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administration_and_delivery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_redevelopment_zones" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_redevelopment_zones"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Former redevelopment zones</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_redevelopment_zones-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Developments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Developments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Developments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Developments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_implications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_implications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Environmental implications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environmental_implications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 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id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Thames_Gateway&params=51.487_N_0.318_E_region:GB_scale:100000"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°29′13″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°19′05″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.487°N 0.318°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.487; 0.318</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Area around the Thames Estuary</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the area of land near London. For the port, see <a href="/wiki/London_Gateway" title="London Gateway">London Gateway</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Districts_of_thames_gateway.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Districts_of_thames_gateway.png/260px-Districts_of_thames_gateway.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Districts_of_thames_gateway.png/390px-Districts_of_thames_gateway.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Districts_of_thames_gateway.png/520px-Districts_of_thames_gateway.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="419" /></a><figcaption>Districts of the Thames Gateway area, including the <a href="/wiki/London_borough" class="mw-redirect" title="London borough">London boroughs</a> (in brown), <a href="/wiki/Non-metropolitan_district" title="Non-metropolitan district">non-metropolitan districts</a> (in green), and <a href="/wiki/Unitary_authority" title="Unitary authority">unitary authorities</a> (in dark green)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Thames Gateway</b> is a term applied to an area around the <a href="/wiki/Thames_Estuary" title="Thames Estuary">Thames Estuary</a> in the context of discourse around regeneration and further urbanisation. The term was first coined by the UK government and applies to an area of land stretching 70 kilometres (43 mi) east from inner east and south-east London on both sides of the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a> and the Thames Estuary. It stretches from <a href="/wiki/Westferry" class="mw-redirect" title="Westferry">Westferry</a> in <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="London Borough of Tower Hamlets">Tower Hamlets</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Sheppey" title="Isle of Sheppey">Isle of Sheppey</a>/<a href="/wiki/Southend-on-Sea" title="Southend-on-Sea">Southend-on-Sea</a> and extends across three <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_county" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceremonial county">ceremonial counties</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rationale">Rationale</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thames_Gateway&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Rationale"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The area was designated during the early years of the <a href="/wiki/First_Blair_ministry" title="First Blair ministry">Blair ministry</a> as a national priority for urban regeneration because it contained large amounts of <a href="/wiki/Brownfield_land" title="Brownfield land">brownfield land</a> and to take advantage of rail capacity improvements created at <a href="/wiki/Stratford,_London" title="Stratford, London">Stratford</a> and in parts of Kent, by the <a href="/wiki/High_Speed_1" title="High Speed 1">High Speed 1</a> railway (officially known as the Channel Tunnel Rail Link). The term was first coined by the UK government, with the government and others also use the term Thames Estuary to apply to the area.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of the brownfield land has now been redeveloped. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scope">Scope</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thames_Gateway&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Scope"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Thames Gateway has a population of over 3 million<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and comprises generally <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">Thameside</a> belts of 16 local government districts: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>County</th> <th>Districts </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">London</a></td> <td>From the North East and South East London <a href="/wiki/London_Plan#Sub-regions" title="London Plan">sub-region</a>, the London boroughs of <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Barking_and_Dagenham" title="London Borough of Barking and Dagenham">Barking and Dagenham</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Bexley" title="London Borough of Bexley">Bexley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Borough_of_Greenwich" title="Royal Borough of Greenwich">Greenwich</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Havering" title="London Borough of Havering">Havering</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Lewisham" title="London Borough of Lewisham">Lewisham</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Newham" title="London Borough of Newham">Newham</a> and <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="London Borough of Tower Hamlets">Tower Hamlets</a>. These have non-planning powers similar to unitary authorities, however are influenced in planning by the <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_London" title="Mayor of London">Mayor of London</a> and <a href="/wiki/London_Assembly" title="London Assembly">London Assembly</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a></td> <td>Planning authorities (influenced only by <a href="/wiki/Essex_County_Council" title="Essex County Council">Essex County Council</a>) (that is, non-metropolitan districts): <a href="/wiki/Basildon_(district)" class="mw-redirect" title="Basildon (district)">Basildon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Castle_Point" title="Castle Point">Castle Point</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rochford_(district)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rochford (district)">Rochford</a>; and the (planning and) unitary authorities of <a href="/wiki/Thurrock" title="Thurrock">Thurrock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southend-on-Sea" title="Southend-on-Sea">Southend-on-Sea</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kent" title="Kent">Kent</a></td> <td>Planning authorities (influenced only by <a href="/wiki/Kent_County_Council" title="Kent County Council">Kent County Council</a>) (that is, non-metropolitan districts): <a href="/wiki/Dartford_(borough)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dartford (borough)">Dartford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gravesham" title="Gravesham">Gravesham</a> and western parts of <a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Swale" title="Borough of Swale">Swale</a>; and the (planning and) unitary authority of <a href="/wiki/Medway" title="Medway">Medway</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Profile">Profile</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thames_Gateway&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Profile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The immediate settlements next to the types of land indicated, not taking the authorities as a whole, contains about half of the population of those authorities: 1.6 million people and contained in the 2000 survey some of the most deprived wards in the country, characterised by lack of access to public transport, services, employment and affordable quality housing, in particular having many <a href="/wiki/Overspill_estate" title="Overspill estate">overspill estates</a> from earlier <a href="/wiki/Slum_clearance_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Slum clearance in the United Kingdom">slum clearance</a> and London's urban planning – examples being from <a href="/wiki/Thamesmead" title="Thamesmead">Thamesmead</a> to <a href="/wiki/Southend_on_Sea" class="mw-redirect" title="Southend on Sea">Southend on Sea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-portal_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-portal-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Its boundary was drawn to capture the riverside strip that formerly hosted many land-occupying industries, serving London and the South East, whose decline has left a patchy legacy of dereliction and contaminated land. Striking precursor examples of development are those pioneered at <a href="/wiki/Canary_Wharf" title="Canary Wharf">Canary Wharf</a> and on the <a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Peninsula" title="Greenwich Peninsula">Greenwich Peninsula</a>, which the governments since 2000 have aimed to reflect across this area (having widespread comparable land use to those tracts of land).<sup id="cite_ref-portal_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-portal-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Its brownfield land, farmland and wild <a href="/wiki/Salt_marsh" title="Salt marsh">salt marshland</a> has been seen by successive governments and planners as having potential to act as a catalyst for the regeneration and growth and for the social advancement of the area, helping to alleviate some of the growth pressures on London and the South East. Amid steep house price inflation and an <a href="/wiki/Economic_boom" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic boom">economic boom</a> in 2004 the government also expressed the firm belief that new private sector housing here and elsewhere would reduce that inflation.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Parts of the area are of settled character and/or already densely populated with little scope for housing developments: Southend-on-Sea, for example, is the eighth <a href="/wiki/List_of_English_districts_by_population_density" title="List of English districts by population density">most densely populated district in the country</a> outside London and mass expansion is not desired owing to the river at the south, the need for leisure space and animal habitat (mostly in the <a href="/wiki/Buffer_zone" title="Buffer zone">buffer zones</a> separating communities) and an economic desire and legal demand to preserve the existing character of <a href="/wiki/Housing_estate" title="Housing estate">housing estates</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administration_and_delivery">Administration and delivery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thames_Gateway&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Administration and delivery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Communities_and_Local_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities and Local Government">Department for Communities and Local Government</a> is responsible for co-ordinating the project. </p><p>The Thames Gateway project aims to improve the economy of the region through the development of marshland, farmland and brownfield land, through major transport infrastructure provision and the renaissance of existing urban conurbations.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Comparisons may be drawn with developments east of Paris along the <a href="/wiki/Marne_(river)" title="Marne (river)">Marne</a> valley, which applied to a significantly smaller volume of land. </p><p>Formerly the development was in part delivered by the three <a href="/wiki/Regional_Development_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Regional Development Agency">regional development agencies</a>: the <a href="/wiki/London_Development_Agency" title="London Development Agency">London Development Agency</a> (LDA – part of the <a href="/wiki/Greater_London_Authority" title="Greater London Authority">Greater London Authority</a>), the <a href="/wiki/East_of_England" title="East of England">East of England</a> Development Agency (EEDA) and the <a href="/wiki/South_East_England" title="South East England">South East England</a> Development Agency (SEEDA), as well as the national regeneration agency, <a href="/wiki/English_Partnerships" title="English Partnerships">English Partnerships</a>. </p><p>Development that is supplemental to councils' own development plans is delivered through Local Authorities (Councils), special purpose development corporations and local enterprise partnerships, all of which are eligible for grants from government departments funded by <a href="/wiki/HM_Treasury" title="HM Treasury">HM Treasury</a>. Additional government funds were supplied to the Regional Development Agencies who supported some projects in the Gateway. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Former_redevelopment_zones">Former redevelopment zones</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thames_Gateway&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Former redevelopment zones"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Formerly, the development was split into zones each with a different agency responsible for delivery. The zones were: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Region</th> <th>Zones</th> <th>Former delivery agencies </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">London</td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Dogs" title="Isle of Dogs">Isle of Dogs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratford,_London" title="Stratford, London">Stratford</a></li> <li>Lower Lea</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Docks" title="Royal Docks">Royal Docks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barking,_London" title="Barking, London">Barking</a> Town Centre</li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Riverside" title="London Riverside">London Riverside</a></li></ul> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/London_Thames_Gateway_Development_Corporation" title="London Thames Gateway Development Corporation">London Thames Gateway Development Corporation</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li>Greenwich, Deptford and Lewisham</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Peninsula" title="Greenwich Peninsula">Greenwich Peninsula</a></li> <li>Charlton to Crayford</li></ul> </td> <td>Greenwich Partnership and Bexley Partnership </td></tr> <tr> <td>South East</td> <td> <ul><li>Kent Thameside (<a href="/wiki/Dartford_(borough)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dartford (borough)">Dartford</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gravesham" title="Gravesham">Gravesham</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Grain" title="Isle of Grain">Isle of Grain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medway" title="Medway">Medway</a></li> <li>Sittingbourne – Sheerness</li></ul> </td> <td>Kent Thameside Delivery Board, Medway Renaissance Partnership, Swale Forward </td></tr> <tr> <td>East</td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thurrock" title="Thurrock">Thurrock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basildon" title="Basildon">Basildon</a> and Castle Point</li> <li>Southend and Rochford</li></ul> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thurrock_Thames_Gateway_Development_Corporation" title="Thurrock Thames Gateway Development Corporation">Thurrock Thames Gateway Development Corporation</a>, Basildon Renaissance Partnership and Renaissance Southend </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Developments">Developments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thames_Gateway&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Developments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before 2003 most conspicuous development was situated west of <a href="/wiki/Beckton" title="Beckton">Beckton</a>. There have been substantial housing schemes at <a href="/wiki/Chafford_Hundred" title="Chafford Hundred">Chafford Hundred</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chatham,_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Chatham, England">Chatham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greenhithe,_Kent" title="Greenhithe, Kent">Greenhithe</a> and there is a large shopping centre at <a href="/wiki/Bluewater_Shopping_Centre" title="Bluewater Shopping Centre">Bluewater</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Region</th> <th>Project</th> <th>Description</th> <th>Status </th></tr> <tr> <td>London, East, South East</td> <td><a href="/wiki/High_Speed_1" title="High Speed 1">High Speed 1</a></td> <td>High speed rail line linking <a href="/wiki/Stratford_International_station" title="Stratford International station">Stratford</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ebbsfleet_International_railway_station" title="Ebbsfleet International railway station">Ebbsfleet</a> stations in the Gateway area to central London and continental Europe.</td> <td>Fully operational. </td></tr> <tr> <td>London</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thames_Gateway_Bridge" title="Thames Gateway Bridge">Thames Gateway Bridge</a></td> <td>Road bridge between Beckton and Thamesmead near to the existing <a href="/wiki/Woolwich_Ferry" title="Woolwich Ferry">Woolwich Ferry</a>. Designed to provide segregated bus, tram or DLR carriage.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td> <td>Cancelled<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>London</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stratford_City" title="Stratford City">Stratford City</a></td> <td>73 hectares (180 acres) mixed use site of 200 shops, three large department stores, cafés, schools, hotels, parks and health centres. 11,000 residents and 30,000 workers. Part of the site was used for the London 2012 Olympics.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td> <td>Completed. </td></tr> <tr> <td>London</td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_London_Transit" title="East London Transit">East London Transit</a></td> <td>The East London Transit is an intermodal transport scheme to connect housing developments to rail and tube.</td> <td>Phase I opened Feb 2010. </td></tr> <tr> <td>London</td> <td>White Hart Triangle</td> <td>Mainly derelict land close to <a href="/wiki/Plumstead_railway_station" title="Plumstead railway station">Plumstead railway station</a> that was developed with the aim of creating 2000 new jobs, with funding from the <a href="/wiki/London_Development_Agency" title="London Development Agency">London Development Agency</a> and <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>.</td> <td>Completed </td></tr> <tr> <td>East</td> <td><a href="/wiki/London_Gateway" title="London Gateway">London Gateway</a></td> <td>Port with logistics and a business park. The port was developed at <a href="/wiki/Shell_Haven" title="Shell Haven">Shell Haven</a>, a 607 hectares (1,500 acres) site in Thurrock.<sup id="cite_ref-portal_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-portal-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two schemes were originally expected to create up to 16,500 new jobs.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Completed </td></tr> <tr> <td>East</td> <td>Southend-on-Sea</td> <td>The council is using money provided through the scheme to redevelop the town centre and seafront and create a "transport corridor" along the A13.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>East</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Basildon_(district)" class="mw-redirect" title="Basildon (district)">Basildon District</a></td> <td>£2 billion major developments planned. These include the regeneration of Basildon, Wickford, Pitsea and Laindon town centres; a new sporting village, a health and education research centre, investment in the Basildon Enterprise Corridor business area, a wetland nature reserves in the Thames Marshes and investment in housing estates such as Craylands, Five Links and Felmores.</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>South East</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ebbsfleet_Valley" title="Ebbsfleet Valley">Ebbsfleet Valley</a></td> <td>Ebbsfleet Valley was constructed in the area around Ebbsfleet International station. It consists of over 790,000 square metres (8,500,000 sq ft) of mixed-use development, including housing, retail, residential, hotel and leisure sites.</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>South East</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Swanscombe" title="Swanscombe">Swanscombe Peninsula</a></td> <td>Previously the location of the Swanscombe Cement Works, this 130-hectare (1.3-square-kilometre; 0.50-square-mile) site, partly in both Dartford and Gravesham, is planned to have 2,700 homes and 500,000 sq ft (50,000 m<sup>2</sup>) of office space.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>South East</td> <td>The Bridge</td> <td>Lying close to the <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II Bridge">Queen Elizabeth II Bridge</a> on and around the site of the former Joyce Green Hospital, this 107-hectare (1.07-square-kilometre; 0.41-square-mile) development will have 1.5 million square feet (140,000 m<sup>2</sup>) of business space and 1500 residences.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>South East</td> <td>Dartford Northern Gateway</td> <td>In early 2006 <a href="/wiki/South_East_England_Development_Agency" title="South East England Development Agency">SEEDA</a> (The South East England Development Agency) purchased a 2.6-hectare site on the edge of Dartford which had been used by Unwins, an off-license chain, which went into administration in 2005. They also purchased the neighbouring Matrix Business Centre to protect its future. They intend to develop the site with a mixture of retail and other businesses and housing.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> It is also the home to The Orchestra of the Thames Gateway, an organisation that has given more than 230 performances in the Gateway area up until the end of 2009.</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>South East</td> <td>Stone Castle</td> <td>It is located to the north of <a href="/wiki/Bluewater_Shopping_Centre" title="Bluewater Shopping Centre">Bluewater Shopping Centre</a> and will be a mix of residences, a new publicly accessible linear park in St Clement's Valley and a high quality business park set back from St Clement's Way.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Phase 1 is known as Waterstone Park, where about 200 of an eventual 650 residences have been built.</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>South East</td> <td>Northfleet Embankment</td> <td>An industrial site of 74 <a href="/wiki/Hectares" class="mw-redirect" title="Hectares">hectares</a> (0.74 km<sup>2</sup>) with 1.9 km of river frontage. Key sites have been acquired by <a href="/wiki/South_East_England_Development_Agency" title="South East England Development Agency">SEEDA</a> to prepare for the re-development of the area, which could potentially begin once the Northfleet Cement Works moves to the <a href="/wiki/Medway_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Medway Valley">Medway Valley</a> in 2008.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>South East</td> <td>Chatham Town Centre & Waterfront</td> <td>Projected to deliver 1500 new homes, plus a variety of other projects, including the <a href="/wiki/Dickens_World" title="Dickens World">Dickens World</a> tourist attraction (opened May 2007, closed 2016); the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Lines_City_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Great Lines City Park (page does not exist)">Great Lines City Park</a>; refurbishment and expansion of the Pentagon shopping centre with 1,4000 square metres of new stores and leisure facilities; a new 'cultural quarter' centred on <a href="/w/index.php?title=Medway_REACH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medway REACH (page does not exist)">Medway REACH</a>, a new 2000 seat <a href="/wiki/Auditorium" title="Auditorium">auditorium</a>. Funding is being sought for a <a href="/wiki/Aerial_tramway" title="Aerial tramway">cable car</a> system across the <a href="/wiki/River_Medway" title="River Medway">River Medway</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>South East</td> <td>Gillingham Waterfront<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1000 new residences and 200 new jobs were projected to be created on this 32-hectare site by 2010. This site includes the <a href="/wiki/Peel_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Peel Group">Peel Group</a> "Chatham Waters" site and the <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Homes" class="mw-redirect" title="Berkeley Homes">Berkeley Homes</a> "Victory Pier" housing development.</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>South East</td> <td>Rochester Riverside</td> <td>Key sites have been acquired by <a href="/wiki/Medway" title="Medway">Medway</a> Council and other areas are being acquired <a href="/wiki/South_East_England_Development_Agency" title="South East England Development Agency">SEEDA</a> to prepare for the re-development of the area, with 30 hectares being cleared and decontaminated. Proposed plans include 1700 new residences. Planning permission was granted in late 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2.5 kilometres of new river wall have been constructed, with the site also being raised by 2 metres.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>South East</td> <td>Strood Riverside</td> <td>About 500 new homes, improved waterfront access and improved flood defences. This site has not yet started construction.</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>South East</td> <td>Temple Waterfront</td> <td>A 21-hectare site with a possible 600 new homes and part of the waterfront designated for nature conservation. According to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Medway_Renaissance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medway Renaissance (page does not exist)">Medway Renaissance</a>, the potential for a new railway station is being investigated.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environmental_implications">Environmental implications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thames_Gateway&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Environmental implications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Proposals for a large international airport on <a href="/wiki/Cliffe-at-Hoo" class="mw-redirect" title="Cliffe-at-Hoo">Cliffe</a> Marshes were dropped from the government's <a href="/wiki/Air_transport_and_the_environment_(United_Kingdom)#Airport_development_strategy" class="mw-redirect" title="Air transport and the environment (United Kingdom)">white paper on air transport</a> in 2003 after they were rejected by local residents, the local council, as well as conservation charities such as the <a href="/wiki/RSPB" class="mw-redirect" title="RSPB">RSPB</a>. The plan, which would have required the raising the ground level by 15 m.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was also rejected by the <a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_British_Industry" title="Confederation of British Industry">Confederation of British Industry</a> as too expensive.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the question of airport capacity, the Government had established the independent Airports Commission, headed until 2015 by Sir <a href="/wiki/Howard_Davies_(economist)" title="Howard Davies (economist)">Howard Davies</a>. The Commission examined the nature, scale and timing of any requirement for additional capacity to maintain the UK's global hub status. The Aviation Policy Framework of March 2013 was an important piece in the jigsaw, setting out the principles which the commission would take into account in presenting its recommendations reported in 2013 and in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The options included an outside possibility of a floating airport off the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Sheppey" title="Isle of Sheppey">Isle of Sheppey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Historically the north of <a href="/wiki/Kent" title="Kent">Kent</a> has always been marshland but has been coming under great pressure by developers. A public inquiry found in favour of a rail freight depot proposed by <a href="/wiki/ProLogis" class="mw-redirect" title="ProLogis">ProLogis</a> at Howbury in <a href="/wiki/Slade_Green" title="Slade Green">Slade Green</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-phillipson2007_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phillipson2007-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The proposal was to develop part of the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Green_Belt" title="Metropolitan Green Belt">Metropolitan Green Belt</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Crayford_Marshes" class="mw-redirect" title="Crayford Marshes">Crayford Marshes</a> beside the existing railway depot. Roxhill Developments Ltd.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> had sought to modify the planned 149 acre "<a href="/wiki/Sustainable_distribution" title="Sustainable distribution">sustainable distribution</a> park with modern multi modal connections" since at least 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-roxhill2015_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roxhill2015-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The London Development Agency perceived some strategic merit in the proposals,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> but local councillors were not convinced that such a depot would truly encourage train movements as an alternative to road haulage.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> This scepticism arose partly because the railways in the area are heavily used by scheduled passenger trains, to the extent that the projected <a href="/wiki/Crossrail" title="Crossrail">Crossrail</a> programme seemed unlikely to progress to Dartford unless new tracks were laid to boost local rail capacity.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/ProLogis" class="mw-redirect" title="ProLogis">ProLogis</a> appeal was upheld by a 2007 Public Inquiry on the basis that the proposal supported the <a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Energy policy of the United Kingdom">Energy policy of the United Kingdom</a> and generated new jobs. Counter-arguments included that eventual warehouse occupiers would not use the site in the manner suggested, that continuous noise levels would exceed <a href="/wiki/WHO" class="mw-redirect" title="WHO">WHO</a> Community Noise Guidelines at homes in Moat Lane and that night-time noise levels risked generating complaints from residents at Moat Lane and Oak Road.<sup id="cite_ref-phillipson2007_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phillipson2007-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Environment Agency advised that future development in the "Thames Gateway" must go hand-in-hand with <a href="/wiki/Flood_risk_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Flood risk management">flood risk management</a>, and take account of future plans for flood protection. The Agency insisted it was important that effective flood risk management of the whole Estuary be not prejudiced by premature decisions and developments.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Government addressed some of these environmental concerns by designating the Thames Gateway as the UK's "eco-region", first announced in the 2007 Thames Gateway Delivery Plan.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The objective of the "eco-region" was to protect and enhance the sustainability of the "Thames Gateway" in terms of environmental quality, carbon reduction, and support for "green" economic development. This vision was elaborated in the 2008 Thames Gateway "eco-region prospectus",<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and implementation efforts were led by the <a href="/wiki/Homes_and_Communities_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Homes and Communities Agency">Homes and Communities Agency</a> with support across government and [unspecified] local stakeholders. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_references">Cultural references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thames_Gateway&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Cultural references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The liminal and sometimes bleak settings of the Thames Gateway have inspired several cultural works. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Barker" title="Nicola Barker">Nicola Barker</a> has written a loose trilogy of novels termed <i>Thames Gateway</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iain_Sinclair" title="Iain Sinclair">Iain Sinclair</a>'s novel <i>Dining on Stones</i> follows the A13 from London to Essex.</li> <li>Graham Swift's novel <i><a href="/wiki/Last_Orders" title="Last Orders">Last Orders</a></i> involves a journey down the A2/M2 corridor from London to Margate.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thames_Gateway&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGeoff_Vigar2002" class="citation book cs1">Geoff Vigar (2002). <i>The Politics of Mobility: Transport Planning, the Environment and Public Policy</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Thames+Gateway+Eco-Region%3A+A+Prospectus&rft.pub=Communities+and+Local+Government&rft.date=2008-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F217.35.77.12%2FCB%2Fengland%2Fpapers%2Fpdfs%2F2008%2F1074037.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThames+Gateway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thames_Gateway&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Clark, Andrew (16 December 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://business.guardian.co.uk/story/0,,860552,00.html">Thumbs down to Kent airport</a>. <i>The Guardian</i> (UK national title)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thames-gateway.org.uk/">Thames Gateway London Partnership</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wildlifegateway.org.uk">Wildlife Gateway – Providing a resource for information on development with wildlife in mind</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tgessex.co.uk/">Thames Gateway South Essex Partnership</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070204124444/http://www.tgessex.co.uk/">Archived</a> 4 February 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tgkp.org/">Thames Gateway Kent Partnership</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greengrid.co.uk/">Greengrid – Connecting green spaces in South Essex</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thamesgatewayforum.com">Thames Gateway Forum</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.medwayrenaissance.com">Medway Renaissance</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.investthamesgateway.com">Invest Thames Gateway website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kenextransit.co.uk/">'KenEx' Thames Gateway Tramlink Ltd - Providing sustainable public transport within the Thames Gateway Development Area</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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href="/wiki/Lower_Lea_Valley" title="Lower Lea Valley">Lower Lea Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_London" title="North London">North London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outer_London" title="Outer London">Outer London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_London" title="South London">South London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bank" title="South Bank">South Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End_of_London" title="West End of London">West End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_London" title="West London">West London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sub-regions_used_in_the_London_Plan" title="List of sub-regions used in the London Plan">London Plan sub-regions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Economy of the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economy of the United Kingdom">Economy of the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center">Companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_co-operative_movement" title="British co-operative movement">Co-operatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Employee-owned_companies_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Employee-owned companies of the United Kingdom">Employee-owned companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FTSE_100_Index" title="FTSE 100 Index">FTSE 100 Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FTSE_250_Index" title="FTSE 250 Index">FTSE 250 Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FTSE_Fledgling_Index" title="FTSE Fledgling Index">FTSE Fledgling Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FTSE_SmallCap_Index" title="FTSE SmallCap Index">FTSE SmallCap Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Government-owned_companies_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Government-owned companies of the United Kingdom">Government-owned companies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center">Currency,<br />governance,<br />regulation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_England" title="Bank of England">Bank of England</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Bank_of_England" title="Governor of the Bank of England">Governor of the Bank of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monetary_Policy_Committee_(United_Kingdom)" title="Monetary Policy Committee (United Kingdom)">Monetary Policy Committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budget_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Budget of the United Kingdom">Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_company_law" title="United Kingdom company law">Company law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Competition_and_Markets_Authority" title="Competition and Markets Authority">Competition and Markets Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_for_Business_and_Trade" title="Department for Business and Trade">Department for Business and Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_Conduct_Authority" title="Financial Conduct Authority">Financial Conduct Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilt-edged_securities" title="Gilt-edged securities">Gilts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HM_Revenue_%26_Customs" class="mw-redirect" title="HM Revenue & Customs">HM Revenue & Customs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HM_Treasury" title="HM Treasury">HM Treasury</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">Chancellor of the Exchequer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debt_Management_Office_(United_Kingdom)" title="Debt Management Office (United Kingdom)">Debt Management Office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_Budget_Responsibility" title="Office for Budget Responsibility">Office for Budget Responsibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">Pound sterling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banknotes_of_the_pound_sterling" title="Banknotes of the pound sterling">Banknotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coins_of_the_pound_sterling" title="Coins of the pound sterling">Coinage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Taxation in the United Kingdom">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Statistics_Authority" title="UK Statistics Authority">UK Statistics Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Trade_%26_Investment" title="UK Trade & Investment">UK Trade & Investment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economic history of the United Kingdom">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:left;background-color:#eee">Chronological</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Navigation_Acts" title="Navigation Acts">1659–1849 Navigation Acts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Agricultural_Revolution" title="British Agricultural Revolution">Agricultural Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_Revolution" title="Financial Revolution">Financial Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panic_of_1796%E2%80%9397" class="mw-redirect" title="Panic of 1796–97">Panic of 1796–97</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_Laws" title="Corn Laws">1815–46 Corn Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Imperialism" title="New Imperialism">New Imperialism 1830s–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Industrial_Revolution" title="Second Industrial Revolution">Second Industrial Revolution 1860s–1914</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Depression" title="Long Depression">1873–79 Long Depression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_United_Kingdom_general_strike" title="1926 United Kingdom general strike">1926 general strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Depression_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Great Depression in the United Kingdom">1929–39 Great Depression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Plan" title="Marshall Plan">1948–52 Marshall Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-Day_Week" title="Three-Day Week">1974 Three-Day Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_of_Discontent" title="Winter of Discontent">1979 Winter of Discontent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Bang_(financial_markets)" title="Big Bang (financial markets)">1986 Big Bang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Wednesday" title="Black Wednesday">1992 Black Wednesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_Europe#United_Kingdom" title="Great Recession in Europe">Late-2000s recession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_Kingdom_bank_rescue_package" title="2008 United Kingdom bank rescue package">2008 bank rescue package</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_United_Kingdom_bank_rescue_package" title="2009 United Kingdom bank rescue package">2009 bank rescue package</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">2020 Withdrawal from the European Union</a> (<a href="/wiki/Growth_deal" title="Growth deal">Growth deal</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom%27s_financial_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of the United Kingdom's financial response to the COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom">Impact</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%93present_United_Kingdom_cost-of-living_crisis" title="2021–present United Kingdom cost-of-living crisis">Cost-of-living crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:left;background-color:#eee">Recurrent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_geography_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economic geography of the United Kingdom">Economic geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">Free trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_standard" title="Gold standard">Gold standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_recessions_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of recessions in the United Kingdom">Recessions and recoveries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_champions" title="National champions">National champions policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_liberalism" title="Economic liberalism">Economic liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privatization" title="Privatization">Privatisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalization#United_Kingdom" title="Nationalization">Nationalisation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center">Nations,<br />regions,<br />cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:left;background-color:#eee"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_England" title="Economy of England">England</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Gateway_(North_West_England)" title="Atlantic Gateway (North West England)">Atlantic Gateway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Birmingham" title="Economy of Birmingham">Birmingham</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_City_Plan" title="Big City Plan">Big City Plan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bristol" title="Economy of Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cornwall" title="Economy of Cornwall">Cornwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_London_Borough_of_Croydon" title="Economy of the London Borough of Croydon">Croydon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Devon" title="Economy of Devon">Devon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Dorset" title="Economy of Dorset">Dorset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expansion_plans_for_Milton_Keynes" title="Expansion plans for Milton Keynes">Expansion plans for Milton Keynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_England" title="Fishing industry in England">Fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Leeds" title="Economy of Leeds">Leeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ceremonial_counties_in_England_by_GDP" title="List of ceremonial counties in England by GDP">List of counties by GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ceremonial_counties_in_England_by_gross_value_added" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ceremonial counties in England by gross value added">List of counties by GVA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Liverpool" title="Economy of Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_London" title="Economy of London">London</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_London_Tech_City" title="East London Tech City">East London Tech City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Plan" title="London Plan">London Plan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M4_corridor" title="M4 corridor">M4 corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M11_Corridor" class="mw-redirect" title="M11 Corridor">M11 Corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Manchester" title="Economy of Manchester">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Reading,_Berkshire" title="Economy of Reading, Berkshire">Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sheffield" title="Economy of Sheffield">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_Fen" title="Silicon Fen">Silicon Fen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Somerset" title="Economy of Somerset">Somerset</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Thames Gateway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_England" title="Tourism in England">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_England" title="Transport in England">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Wiltshire" title="Economy of Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:left;background-color:#eee"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Economy of Northern Ireland">Northern<br />Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Belfast" title="Economy of Belfast">Belfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Ireland" title="Transport in Ireland">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:left;background-color:#eee"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Scotland" title="Economy of Scotland">Scotland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Aberdeen" title="Economy of Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Scotland" title="Agriculture in Scotland">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Edinburgh" title="Economy of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution_in_Scotland" title="Industrial Revolution in Scotland">Industrialisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_Scotland" title="Fishing industry in Scotland">Fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Scotland" title="Economic history of Scotland">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Oil_and_gas_industry_in_Scotland" title="Category:Oil and gas industry in Scotland">Oil and gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Scotland" title="Renewable energy in Scotland">Renewable energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_Glen" title="Silicon Glen">Silicon Glen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Scotland" title="Tourism in Scotland">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Scotland" title="Transport in Scotland">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotch_whisky" title="Scotch whisky">Whisky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:left;background-color:#eee"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Wales" title="Economy of Wales">Wales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Wales" title="Agriculture in Wales">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cardiff" title="Economy of Cardiff">Cardiff</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Cardiff_Bay" title="Cardiff Bay">Cardiff Bay</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_Wales" title="Fishing industry in Wales">Fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Wales" title="Economic history of Wales">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution_in_Wales" title="Industrial Revolution in Wales">Industrialisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Wales" title="Renewable energy in Wales">Renewable energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Swansea" title="Economy of Swansea">Swansea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Wales" title="Tourism in Wales">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Wales" title="Transport in Wales">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center">People<br />and labour</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_billionaires" title="Category:British billionaires">Billionaires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_businesspeople" title="Category:British businesspeople">Businesspeople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Demographics of the United Kingdom">Demography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Income in the United Kingdom">Income</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Poverty in the United Kingdom">Poverty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_labour_law" title="United Kingdom labour law">Labour law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_employment_equality_law" title="United Kingdom employment equality law">Equal opportunities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Minimum_Wage_Act_1998" title="National Minimum Wage Act 1998">Minimum wage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_Time_Directive_2003" title="Working Time Directive 2003">Working Time Directive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensions_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Pensions in the United Kingdom">Pensions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Trade unions in the United Kingdom">Trades unions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trades_Union_Congress" title="Trades Union Congress">Trades Union Congress</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Unemployment in the United Kingdom">Unemployment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center">Sectors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:left;background-color:#eee"><a href="/wiki/List_of_renewable_resources_produced_and_traded_by_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of renewable resources produced and traded by the United Kingdom">Resource and<br />production</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Energy in the United Kingdom">Energy</a>/<a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Renewable energy in the United Kingdom">Renewable energy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biodiesel_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Biodiesel in the United Kingdom">Biodiesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coal_mining_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Coal mining in the United Kingdom">Coal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geothermal_power_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Geothermal power in the United Kingdom">Geothermal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_fracturing_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydraulic fracturing in the United Kingdom">Fracking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroelectricity_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Hydroelectricity in the United Kingdom">Hydroelectricity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_United_Kingdom#Ocean_power" title="Renewable energy in the United Kingdom">Marine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Sea_oil" title="North Sea oil">North Sea oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Solar power in the United Kingdom">Solar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_power_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Wind power in the United Kingdom">Wind</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_cuisine" title="British cuisine">Food</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Agriculture in the United Kingdom">Agriculture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cider#United_Kingdom" title="Cider">Cider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_from_the_United_Kingdom" title="Wine from the United Kingdom">Wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Beer in the United Kingdom">Beer</a></li></ul></li> <li>Fishing <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_England" title="Fishing industry in England">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_Scotland" title="Fishing industry in Scotland">Scottish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_Wales" title="Fishing industry in Wales">Welsh</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Materials <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Forestry in the United Kingdom">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Mining in the United Kingdom">Mining</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:left;background-color:#eee"><a href="/wiki/Financial_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Financial services in the United Kingdom">Financial<br />services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Exchange" title="Baltic Exchange">Baltic Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Banking in the United Kingdom">Banking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of banks in the United Kingdom">List of banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_building_societies#United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="List of building societies">List of UK building societies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Wharf" title="Canary Wharf">Canary Wharf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">The City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euronext#Euronext.liffe" title="Euronext">Euronext.liffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Financial_Services_District" title="International Financial Services District">Glasgow International Financial Services District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurance_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Insurance in the United Kingdom">Insurance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd%27s_of_London" title="Lloyd's of London">Lloyd's of London</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LCH_(clearing_house)" title="LCH (clearing house)">LCH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libor" title="Libor">London Interbank Offered Rate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Metal_Exchange" title="London Metal Exchange">London Metal Exchange</a></li> <li><a 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href="/wiki/Manufacturing_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Manufacturing in the United Kingdom">Manufacturing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Aerospace industry in the United Kingdom">Aerospace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Automotive industry in the United Kingdom">Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Pharmaceutical industry in the United Kingdom">Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of exports of the United Kingdom">Exports</a></li></ul></li> <li>Property <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Architecture of the United Kingdom">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Construction_industry_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Construction industry of the United Kingdom">Construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affordability_of_housing_in_the_United_Kingdom" 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href="/wiki/UK_Payments_Administration" title="UK Payments Administration">UK Payments Administration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Economy of the United Kingdom">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Economy of the United Kingdom">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Thames_Gateway&params=51.487_N_0.318_E_region:GB_scale:100000"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°29′13″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°19′05″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.487°N 0.318°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.487; 0.318</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from 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