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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Security_Police"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Security Police</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Security_Police-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Security_Forces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Security_Forces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Security Forces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Security_Forces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specialized_Units" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specialized_Units"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Specialized Units</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Specialized_Units-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uniform_items" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uniform_items"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Uniform items</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Uniform_items-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Uniform items subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Uniform_items-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Blue_beret" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Blue_beret"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Blue beret</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Blue_beret-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Security_Forces_flash" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Security_Forces_flash"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Security Forces flash</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Security_Forces_flash-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Recent events</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Recent_events-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Recent events subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Recent_events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nuclear_security_forces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nuclear_security_forces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Nuclear security forces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nuclear_security_forces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Changes_to_deployment_length_and_training" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Changes_to_deployment_length_and_training"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Changes to deployment length and training</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Changes_to_deployment_length_and_training-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Frankfurt_International_Airport_attack" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Frankfurt_International_Airport_attack"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Frankfurt International Airport attack</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Frankfurt_International_Airport_attack-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Global_War_on_Terrorism:_Operation_Enduring_Freedom_casualties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Global_War_on_Terrorism:_Operation_Enduring_Freedom_casualties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Global War on Terrorism: Operation Enduring Freedom casualties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Global_War_on_Terrorism:_Operation_Enduring_Freedom_casualties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iraq_War:_Operation_Iraqi_Freedom_casualties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iraq_War:_Operation_Iraqi_Freedom_casualties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Iraq War: Operation Iraqi Freedom casualties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iraq_War:_Operation_Iraqi_Freedom_casualties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operation_Freedom's_Sentinel_casualties" 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aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle See also subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Other_countries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_countries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Other countries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_countries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div 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.hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Security_Service" title="United States Air Force Security Service">United States Air Force Security Service</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">United States Air Force Security Forces</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:USAF_Security_Force_Shield.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/USAF_Security_Force_Shield.jpg/220px-USAF_Security_Force_Shield.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/USAF_Security_Force_Shield.jpg/330px-USAF_Security_Force_Shield.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/USAF_Security_Force_Shield.jpg/440px-USAF_Security_Force_Shield.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1797" data-file-height="2691" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces_Shield" title="United States Air Force Security Forces Shield">Security Forces Shield</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">31 October 1997 – present (as Security Forces) <br />1966 – 31 October 1997 (as Security Police)<br />2 January 1948 – 1966 (as Air Police)<br />12 February 1942 – 2 January 1948 (as Military Police)<sup id="cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govdocs.rutgers.edu-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span>United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/19px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/29px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6336" data-file-height="4992" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Military_police" title="Military police">Military police</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Air_force_ground_forces_and_special_forces" title="Air force ground forces and special forces">Ground defense force</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Military_police" title="Military police">Military law enforcement</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Air_Base_Ground_Defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Base Ground Defense">Ground defense</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">Infantry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">38,000+ <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Nickname(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Defenders<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Motto(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Defensor Fortis</i><br />(Defenders of the Force)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Color of Beret</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #AAAAAA;background-color:Darkblue; color:white;"> </span> Dark Blue</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.afsfc.af.mil/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1772975#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Director of Security Forces</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Major_general_(United_States)" title="Major general (United States)">Maj Gen</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_P._Sherman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas P. Sherman (page does not exist)">Thomas P. Sherman</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Career Field Manager</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chief_master_sergeant" title="Chief master sergeant">CMSgt</a> Donald Gallagher <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Insignia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_military_beret_flash" title="United States military beret flash">Enlisted beret flash</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USAF_Security_Forces_beret_flash.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/USAF_Security_Forces_beret_flash.jpg/125px-USAF_Security_Forces_beret_flash.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/USAF_Security_Forces_beret_flash.jpg/188px-USAF_Security_Forces_beret_flash.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/USAF_Security_Forces_beret_flash.jpg/250px-USAF_Security_Forces_beret_flash.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1009" data-file-height="914" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Officer beret flash (superimposed with <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_officer_rank_insignia" title="United States Air Force officer rank insignia">polished metal rank insignia</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USAF_Security_Forces_flash-Officer.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/USAF_Security_Forces_flash-Officer.png/125px-USAF_Security_Forces_flash-Officer.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/USAF_Security_Forces_flash-Officer.png/188px-USAF_Security_Forces_flash-Officer.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/USAF_Security_Forces_flash-Officer.png/250px-USAF_Security_Forces_flash-Officer.png 2x" data-file-width="1009" data-file-height="914" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Badges_of_the_United_States_Air_Force#Occupational_Badges" title="Badges of the United States Air Force">Occupation Badge</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:United_States_Air_Force_Force_Protection_Badge.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/United_States_Air_Force_Force_Protection_Badge.svg/100px-United_States_Air_Force_Force_Protection_Badge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/United_States_Air_Force_Force_Protection_Badge.svg/150px-United_States_Air_Force_Force_Protection_Badge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/United_States_Air_Force_Force_Protection_Badge.svg/200px-United_States_Air_Force_Force_Protection_Badge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="281" data-file-height="133" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p>The <b>United States Air Force Security Forces</b> (<b>SF</b>) are the <a href="/wiki/Land_warfare" title="Land warfare">ground combat force</a> and <a href="/wiki/Military_police" title="Military police">military police</a> service of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force" title="United States Space Force">U.S. Space Force</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The USAF <a href="/wiki/Security_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Security Forces">Security Forces</a> were formerly known as <b>Military Police</b> (<b>MP</b>), <b>Air Police</b> (<b>AP</b>), and <b>Security Police</b> (<b>SP</b>) at various points in their history. Due to its significant ground combat mission, Security Forces are sometimes regarded as <a href="/wiki/Air_force_infantry" class="mw-redirect" title="Air force infantry">Air Force infantry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were formed on the premise of being the Air Force's "Marine Corps", in that they would provide security for the Air Force similar to how the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marines</a> provide security for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-citeseerx_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-citeseerx-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mission">Mission</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Mission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As outlined in <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Department of the Air Force">Department of the Air Force</a> publications, Security Forces are responsible for protecting, defending, and fighting to ensure U.S. Air Force, joint, and coalition mission success. They are responsible not only for installation law and discipline enforcement, but also base defense and ground combat.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The USAF uses the term Air Base Ground Defense (ABGD) for defense of U.S. Air Force bases. This specialty is filled by members of the Air Force Security Forces, who serve not only as military <a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_officers" class="mw-redirect" title="Law enforcement officers">law enforcement officers</a>, but also as ground combat <a href="/wiki/Troops" class="mw-redirect" title="Troops">troops</a> in defense of U.S. air bases around the world. In this capacity, their duties are similar to those performed by the <a href="/wiki/RAF_Regiment" title="RAF Regiment">RAF Regiment</a> and <a href="/wiki/Police" title="Police">Royal Air Force Police</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, namely, to conduct ground combat operations as <a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a> troops, law enforcement and security in defense of U.S. air bases. <a href="/wiki/Camp_Bullis" title="Camp Bullis">Camp Bullis</a> in <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> is where all levels of Air Base Ground Defense (ABGD) are instructed, the course ranges in length from 4–6 weeks. In these weeks of training Air Force Security Forces are taught to operate the following weapons: M4 Carbine, M-9, M-203, M-240B, M-249 (SAW), MK-19, M67 (hand grenade), M18A1 (Claymore mine), and the M-72 (LAW rocket), M-60 as well as other base defense weapons and tools. In 1966-1969, sentry dog teams used the Smith & Wesson K-38 Combat Masterpiece. </p><p>Under the Interservice Agreement between the United States Air Force and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a>, the U.S. Air Force is responsible for ground combat operations to defend U.S. air bases. Air Force Security Forces fulfill this mission, and, as such, are trained in the whole range of infantry tactics, to include <a href="/wiki/Patrolling" title="Patrolling">patrolling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Close_quarters_battle" class="mw-redirect" title="Close quarters battle">close quarters battle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Defence_in_depth" title="Defence in depth">defense in depth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crew_served_weapon" class="mw-redirect" title="Crew served weapon">crew-served weapons</a>, and other ground combat tactics. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personnel">Personnel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Personnel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leadership">Leadership</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The director of Security Forces is a <a href="/wiki/Major_General_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Major General (United States)">Major General</a> and the highest-ranking Security Forces officer, sometimes referred to as the "Top Cop". The director of Security Forces reports to the deputy chief of staff of the Air Force for logistics, engineering and force protection.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The director of Security Forces has the responsibility to develop policy, doctrine, and guidance for Security Forces and serves as the executive agent for the Department of Defense Military Working Dog Program.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The deputy director of Security Forces acts as the second-in-command to the director of Security Forces. The Security Forces Career Field Manager is a <a href="/wiki/Chief_master_sergeant" title="Chief master sergeant">chief master sergeant</a> and the senior enlisted Defender, acting as an adviser to the director of Air Force Security Forces.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_Police_(Aviation)_and_Air_Base_Defense_Battalions"><span id="Military_Police_.28Aviation.29_and_Air_Base_Defense_Battalions"></span>Military Police (Aviation) and Air Base Defense Battalions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Military Police (Aviation) and Air Base Defense Battalions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Army_MP.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Army_MP.jpg/220px-Army_MP.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Army_MP.jpg/330px-Army_MP.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Army_MP.jpg/440px-Army_MP.jpg 2x" data-file-width="548" data-file-height="391" /></a><figcaption>Army Air Force Military Police "colored" unit at Columbus, GA, in April 1942</figcaption></figure> <p>The USAF Security Forces lineage can be traced to its beginning in WWII with the German <a href="/wiki/Blitzkrieg" title="Blitzkrieg">blitzkrieg</a>. Blitzkrieg relied on swift attacks by land and air. One of the tactics employed by blitzkrieg was the use of paratroops and airborne forces to capture, or destroy in advance, air bases. A key turning point in air base defensive thinking came with the loss of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Crete" title="Battle of Crete">Battle of Crete</a> to German forces and capture of the British air base at <a href="/wiki/Maleme" title="Maleme">Maleme</a> in 1941. This single action led then Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> to study British air base defense policy, and in a condemning memo to the Secretary of State for Air and to the Chief of the Air Staff dated 29 June 1941, Churchill stated he would no longer tolerate the shortcomings of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> (RAF), in which half a million RAF personnel had no combat role. He ordered that all airmen be armed and ready "to fight and die in defense of their air fields" and that every airfield should be a stronghold of fighting air-ground men and not "uniformed civilians in the prime of life protected by detachments of soldiers."<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated278_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated278-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Churchill's directive resulted in formation of the <a href="/wiki/RAF_Regiment" title="RAF Regiment">RAF Regiment</a>. </p><p>On 12 February 1942 the United States adopted the British air defense philosophy. The Army Chief of Staff, Gen. <a href="/wiki/George_C._Marshall" title="George C. Marshall">George C. Marshall</a>, approved the allocation of 53,299 African-Americans to the Army Air Forces with the "stipulation that air base defense 'for the number of air bases found necessary' be organized and that 'Negro personnel' be used for this purpose as required." This order formed the <a href="/wiki/Army_Air_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Air Forces">Army Air Forces</a> (AAF) air base security battalions in June 1942. Units were deployed throughout the European, Asian and African theaters and designed to defend against local ground attacks. These units were armed with rifles, machine guns and 37mm guns.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated278_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated278-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 29 March 1943, General <a href="/wiki/Hap_Arnold" class="mw-redirect" title="Hap Arnold">Hap Arnold</a>, the commander of the Army Air Forces, established the <a href="/wiki/Provost_marshal" title="Provost marshal">Office of the Air Provost Marshal</a>, which established three separate organizations for the law enforcement and security role: Guard Squadrons, Military Police Companies (Aviation), and Air Base Security Battalions. Guard Squadrons were assigned to provide interior law enforcement and security to bases within the continental United States, with a technical guard school at Miami Army Air Field and a military police school at Buckley Field. Outside the United States the duties of law enforcement and internal security were carried out by Military Police Companies (Aviation), which, while a part of the Army Air Forces, were still part of the Army's <a href="/wiki/Military_Police_Corps_(United_States)" title="Military Police Corps (United States)">Military Police Corps</a>. Their training was conducted at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Ripley" title="Camp Ripley">Camp Ripley</a>. Air Base Security Battalions, the direct predecessors to the USAF Security Forces, were formed to be the ground combat force of the Army Air Forces, much like the RAF Regiment is for the Royal Air Force. The battalions operated machine guns, mortars, grenade launchers, rocket launchers, half-tracks, self-propelled guns, and even light tanks, with the official history of the USAF Security Forces referring to them as the Army Air Forces' "infantry"<sup id="cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govdocs.rutgers.edu-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the Air Force was created with the signing of the <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Act_of_1947" title="National Security Act of 1947">National Security Act of 1947</a>, all members of the AAF were transferred to the new branch, to include military police attached to the Army Air Forces.<sup id="cite_ref-citeseerx_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-citeseerx-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air_Police">Air Police</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Air Police"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Historical_USAF_Air_Police_Badge.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Historical_USAF_Air_Police_Badge.png/200px-Historical_USAF_Air_Police_Badge.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Historical_USAF_Air_Police_Badge.png 1.5x" data-file-width="205" data-file-height="314" /></a><figcaption>Former Air Police badge</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:USAF_Security_Force_Ford_PIU_with_airman_in_2019_Police_Week_Retreat_Ceremony_(2-5).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/USAF_Security_Force_Ford_PIU_with_airman_in_2019_Police_Week_Retreat_Ceremony_%282-5%29.jpg/220px-USAF_Security_Force_Ford_PIU_with_airman_in_2019_Police_Week_Retreat_Ceremony_%282-5%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/USAF_Security_Force_Ford_PIU_with_airman_in_2019_Police_Week_Retreat_Ceremony_%282-5%29.jpg/330px-USAF_Security_Force_Ford_PIU_with_airman_in_2019_Police_Week_Retreat_Ceremony_%282-5%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/USAF_Security_Force_Ford_PIU_with_airman_in_2019_Police_Week_Retreat_Ceremony_%282-5%29.jpg/440px-USAF_Security_Force_Ford_PIU_with_airman_in_2019_Police_Week_Retreat_Ceremony_%282-5%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7360" data-file-height="4912" /></a><figcaption>USAF Security Forces <a href="/wiki/Ford_Police_Interceptor_Sedan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford Police Interceptor Sedan">FPIS</a> with an airman in 2019 Police Week Retreat Ceremony</figcaption></figure> <p>On 2 January 1948 the Military Police were reformed into the Air Police and established the Air Provost Marshal. Immediately twenty-two military police companies were predesignated Air Police squadrons, however the term Air Police did not come into full usage until November 1948. The transfer of personnel fully from the Army to the Air Force was supposed to be completed by December 1948, however it was not fully completed until 1953. In April 1952 Army grade titles and MOS designations were replaced with Air Force AFSCs. </p><p>In June 1950 the Air Force began urgent operations focused on air base defense with the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a>. A buildup of ground combat forces began. The center of this buildup was the expansion of the Air Force Air Police from 10,000 in July 1950 to 39,000 in December 1951. Still, one year into the war the Air Provost Marshal reported that "the Air Force is without policy or tactical doctrine for Air Base Ground Defense." In haste, Air Police serving as the cadre of this force were outfitted with armored vehicles, machine guns and recoilless rifles. Air base defense was officially implemented by Air Force Regulation (AFR) 355–4 on 3 March 1953. AFR 355-4 defined air base defense "as all measures taken by the installation commander to deny hostile forces access to the area encompassing all buildings, equipment, facilities, landing fields, dispersal areas and adjacent terrain." However, the regulation did not include provisions for sustained ground defense operations. Performance of this mission fell to the provisional base defense task forces to be organized and equipped like infantry. It was the <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command" title="Strategic Air Command">Strategic Air Command</a>'s (SAC) October 1952 edition of the SAC Manual 205-2 that rejected the notion that the USAF's ground defense mission conflicted with Army functions. SAC officials felt that success of the Air Force mission might require point defense elements that the Army could not afford to protect, much less have the Air Force rely on the Army to come to the rescue. After the Korean War, General <a href="/wiki/Curtis_LeMay" title="Curtis LeMay">Curtis LeMay</a> had the Air Police begin the Combat Arms Program, to better train airmen in the use of weapons.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated278_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated278-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 1 September 1950 the Air Police School was established at <a href="/wiki/Tyndall_Air_Force_Base" title="Tyndall Air Force Base">Tyndall Air Force Base</a>. In 1952 the Air Police school was transferred to <a href="/wiki/Parks_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Parks AFB">Parks AFB</a>, California, and re-designated the "Air Base Defense School" to emphasize on air base defense capabilities. It soon became evident the emphasis on air base defense was not making much headway. On 13 October 1956 Air Police training was transferred to <a href="/wiki/Lackland_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lackland AFB">Lackland AFB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, where it evolved into Security Police training and eventually became the <a href="/wiki/343d_Training_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="343d Training Squadron">US Air Force Security Forces Academy.</a> </p><p>Toward the end of the 1950s and into the 1960s, the Air Police began to reemphasize the security aspect of their mission, with a strong focus being given to protecting the Air Force's strategic nuclear weapons, and a greater amount of centralization regarding training occurred. The Air Provost Marshal was also redesignated the Director of Security and Law Enforcement. </p><p>On 1 November 1964, between 12:25 and 12:33 am, <a href="/wiki/Viet_Cong" title="Viet Cong">Vietnamese Communist</a> (VC) troops attacked Bien Hoa Air Base with six 81mm mortars positioned about 400 meters north, outside the air base. The VC fired 60-80 rounds into parked aircraft and troop billets, then withdrew undetected and unabated. The attack killed four US military personnel, wounded 30 and destroyed and/or damaged 20 <a href="/wiki/Martin_B-57_Canberra" title="Martin B-57 Canberra">B-57</a> bombers. U.S. air bases had become targets and became routine targets thereafter. The Air Force was not allowed to patrol the perimeter of their bases. That role was left up to the Vietnamese Air Force. Also, the U.S. Army was cited as being tasked to control the security of the area around the air base, and after-action scrutiny along with politics served to foster distrust and jealousy between services, chains of command and the U.S. and Vietnamese services. As a result, air bases in South Vietnam were left vulnerable. By striking at USAF air bases the <a href="/wiki/North_Vietnamese_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="North Vietnamese Army">North Vietnamese Army</a> (NVA) and VC employed <a href="/wiki/Giulio_Douhet" title="Giulio Douhet">Giulio Douhet</a>'s military concept, which stated the only effective way to counter air power was to destroy its bases on the ground. This concept has also been proven effective during the <a href="/wiki/Indochina_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Indochina War">Indochina War</a> from 1946 to 1954, when the <a href="/wiki/Viet_Minh" title="Viet Minh">Viet Minh</a> regularly and successfully attacked French air bases.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated278_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated278-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Dogs_in_warfare" title="Dogs in warfare">USAF Sentry Dog</a> program was a product of the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a>. On 1 May 1957 the Air Force gained responsibility for training all working dogs in the Department of Defense. By 1965 the USAF had a pool of sentry dog teams available for deployment to <a href="/wiki/South_Vietnam" title="South Vietnam">South Vietnam</a>. Nightly at every air base, sentry dog teams were deployed as a detection and warning screen in the zone separating combat forces from the perimeter. Nearly all air base defense personnel agreed that the Sentry Dog Teams rendered outstanding service, with some going as far to say "Of all the equipment and methods used to detect an attacking enemy force, the sentry dog has provided the most sure, all-inclusive means."<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated278_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated278-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Security_Police">Security Police</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Security Police"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:070718-F-JZ502-471.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/070718-F-JZ502-471.jpg/200px-070718-F-JZ502-471.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/070718-F-JZ502-471.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="229" data-file-height="340" /></a><figcaption>Former Security Police badge</figcaption></figure> <p>During their time in Korea and early in Vietnam, the Air Police found themselves in a number of ground combat roles, some of which more accurately reflected an infantry-type role than that of the military police. In 1966 the Air Police were redesignated the Security Police, in an effort to more accurately reflect the security and combat aspect of their mission. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Project_video_camera.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Crystal_Project_video_camera.png/50px-Crystal_Project_video_camera.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Crystal_Project_video_camera.png/75px-Crystal_Project_video_camera.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Crystal_Project_video_camera.png/100px-Crystal_Project_video_camera.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Air_Force_Safe_Side-1968.ogv" title="File:US Air Force Safe Side-1968.ogv">Project "Safe Side," circa 1968</a> (<span class="duration"><span class="min">6</span>:<span class="s">03</span></span>)</div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/US_Air_Force_Safe_Side-1968.ogv/232px--US_Air_Force_Safe_Side-1968.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" height="130" data-durationhint="363" data-mwtitle="US_Air_Force_Safe_Side-1968.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/US_Air_Force_Safe_Side-1968.ogv/US_Air_Force_Safe_Side-1968.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="358" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/US_Air_Force_Safe_Side-1968.ogv/US_Air_Force_Safe_Side-1968.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="358" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/US_Air_Force_Safe_Side-1968.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="640" data-height="358" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/US_Air_Force_Safe_Side-1968.ogv/US_Air_Force_Safe_Side-1968.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="238" /></video></span></span></div> <div class="description">Creation of the 1041st SPS</div></div></div></div> </div> <p>Shortly after the creation of the Security Police, in 1967 the "Safe Side" program was activated, which resulted in certain Security Police squadrons being trained in the use of light infantry tactics and special weapons to better enhance air base defense. Many of the squadrons that were part of the Safe Side project, such as the 1041st Security Police Squadron (Test), established observation posts, listening posts, conducted reconnaissance and ambush patrols, and served as mobile response forces to protect the airbases. The successes of this initial squadron resulted in the creation of the <a href="/wiki/82nd_Combat_Security_Police_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="82nd Combat Security Police Wing">82nd Combat Security Police Wing</a> and the development of ground combat training for all security policemen. In 1968 the Air Force accepted the Safe Side Program's recommendation to establish 559-man Combat Security Police Squadrons (CSPS) organized into three field flights. Three CSPS were incrementally activated, trained and deployed in 179-day temporary duty rotations to South Vietnam. On 15 March 1968 the 821st CSPS began a hasty training program at <a href="/wiki/Schofield_Barracks" title="Schofield Barracks">Schofield Barracks</a>, Hawaii, and was in place at <a href="/wiki/Phan_Rang_Air_Base" title="Phan Rang Air Base">Phan Rang Air Base</a> on its TDY deployment by 15 April. The 822nd CSPS was organized, more completely trained and replaced the 821st in August 1968. The 823rd CSPS was trained at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Campbell" title="Fort Campbell">Fort Campbell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>, and replaced the 822nd in March 1969, remaining until August 1969 when it was replaced by the 821st.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated278_16-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated278-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CCK_Air_Base_Flag_Raising_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/CCK_Air_Base_Flag_Raising_%281%29.jpg/220px-CCK_Air_Base_Flag_Raising_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/CCK_Air_Base_Flag_Raising_%281%29.jpg/330px-CCK_Air_Base_Flag_Raising_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/CCK_Air_Base_Flag_Raising_%281%29.jpg/440px-CCK_Air_Base_Flag_Raising_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1422" data-file-height="1985" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ching_Chuan_Kang_Air_Base" title="Ching Chuan Kang Air Base">Ching Chuan Kang Air Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, Flag Raising of the U.S. Air Force Security Police and the <a href="/wiki/ROC_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="ROC Air Force">ROC Air Force</a> Military Police, 1973</figcaption></figure> <p>The vindication for the Safe Side program occurred during the Battle of Tan Son Nhut, as part of the <a href="/wiki/Tet_Offensive" title="Tet Offensive">Tet Offensive</a>, on 31 January 1968, when Tan Son Nhut Airbase was attacked by a combined force of seven North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong battalions, composing an enemy force of 2,500 enemy troops. The combat-trained Security Police were able to hold off the North Vietnamese forces, preventing the loss of the airbase. The Vietnam War demonstrated to the Air Force the need for whole base defense measures, and demonstrated that airmen, regardless of AFSC, could be vulnerable to attack, just the same as Army and Marine forces.<sup id="cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govdocs.rutgers.edu-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Phoenix_Ravens.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Phoenix_Ravens.jpg/220px-Phoenix_Ravens.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Phoenix_Ravens.jpg/330px-Phoenix_Ravens.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Phoenix_Ravens.jpg/440px-Phoenix_Ravens.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2396" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=627th_Security_Forces_Squadron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="627th Security Forces Squadron (page does not exist)">627th Security Forces Squadron</a> of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoenix_Ravens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phoenix Ravens (page does not exist)">Phoenix Ravens</a> security force pose with a <a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-17_Globemaster_III" title="Boeing C-17 Globemaster III">C-17</a> aircraft</figcaption></figure> <p>By January 1971 the Security Police career field was split into two separate functions: Law Enforcement Specialist (AFSC 811X2) and Security Specialist (AFSC 811X0).<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 1971 the first female airmen trained into the law enforcement specialty, and in November 1976 100 female airmen were trained as security specialists. Although the female security specialist program was soon after shut down, they have the distinction of being the first women permitted into any combat role in the entire U.S. Armed Forces. Law enforcement specialists, who had excelled in their career field, could be selected as criminal investigators and attend Military Police Investigations training at the 3280th TCHTG OLA Air Force Liaison at Ft. McClellan, AL, or attend the Office of Special Investigations basic agent's course at Bolling AFB, Washington DC.<sup id="cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govdocs.rutgers.edu-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 1975, Security Police units were tasked with a high priority rescue operation of the <a href="/wiki/SS_Mayaguez" title="SS Mayaguez">SS Mayaguez</a> merchant ship, and with Air Force helicopters, were preparing to perform a boarding of the ship. Prior to the rescue mission one of the helicopters crashed, killing 18 security policemen, and forcing the mission to be aborted.<sup id="cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govdocs.rutgers.edu-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The loss of this aircraft was attributed to a failure to properly assemble a blade sleeve during overhaul nearly a year earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1981 to 1989 the Security Police were responsible for protecting the USAF's ground launched cruise missiles in Europe, providing security for them during the height of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>. In 1983, during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Urgent_Fury" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Urgent Fury">Operation Urgent Fury</a>, Security Police forces were among the first on Grenada, responsible for securing runways and POWs. In January 1985 women were finally permitted to enter the security field - the first since 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govdocs.rutgers.edu-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1987 the standard weapon of the Security Police Law Enforcement Branch was changed from the <a href="/wiki/Smith_%26_Wesson_Model_15" title="Smith & Wesson Model 15">Smith & Wesson Model 15</a> .38-cal. six-shot revolver to the <a href="/wiki/Beretta_M9" title="Beretta M9">Beretta M9</a>, a 9mm semi-automatic pistol with a standard 15-round magazine, which brought the Security Police in line with the rest of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">United States Armed Forces</a>. Also in 1987 the Air Base Ground Defense School was moved from Camp Bullis to Fort Dix, where the Army was given control of the training. In 1989, as a part of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Just_Cause" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Just Cause">Operation Just Cause</a>, Security Police units were responsible for securing airfields during the Invasion of Panama and performing drug interdiction and humanitarian missions.<sup id="cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govdocs.rutgers.edu-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 1990, Security Police were deployed to Saudi Arabia as a part of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Desert_Shield" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Desert Shield">Operation Desert Shield</a>, where they were responsible for guarding airbases, dignitary support, and counterterrorism. In August 1995 Air Base Ground Defense Training was moved from Fort Dix back to Camp Bullis, and control was shifted from the Army back to the Air Force. During <a href="/wiki/Operation_Joint_Endeavor" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Joint Endeavor">Operation Joint Endeavor</a> in Bosnia, Security Police forces conducted convoy operations and acted as a peacekeeping force. In 1996 the <a href="/wiki/Khobar_Towers_Bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Khobar Towers Bombing">Khobar Towers Bombing</a> occurred, with 19 airmen killed and 260 injured. Security Policemen SSgt Alfredo Guerrero, SrA Corey Grice and A1C Christopher Wager received the <a href="/wiki/Airman%27s_Medal" title="Airman's Medal">Airman's Medal</a> for their actions prior to and after the terrorist attack.<sup id="cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govdocs.rutgers.edu-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Defense.gov_News_Photos_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defense.gov_News_Photos-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Security_Forces">Security Forces</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Security Forces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Air_Force_090407-F-1125C-210_President_Obama_visits_Sather.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/US_Air_Force_090407-F-1125C-210_President_Obama_visits_Sather.jpg/220px-US_Air_Force_090407-F-1125C-210_President_Obama_visits_Sather.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/US_Air_Force_090407-F-1125C-210_President_Obama_visits_Sather.jpg/330px-US_Air_Force_090407-F-1125C-210_President_Obama_visits_Sather.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/US_Air_Force_090407-F-1125C-210_President_Obama_visits_Sather.jpg/440px-US_Air_Force_090407-F-1125C-210_President_Obama_visits_Sather.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2490" data-file-height="2392" /></a><figcaption>USAF Security Forces airman guarding <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One">Air Force One</a> on the flight line in <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, 2009</figcaption></figure> <p>In response to the <a href="/wiki/Khobar_Towers_bombing" title="Khobar Towers bombing">Khobar Towers bombing</a>, the Air Force reevaluated how the Security Police was organized, and came to the realization it could not afford to have only a few specialize in the security aspect of the mission. On 31 October 1997, the Security Police became the Security Forces, with all individual specialties being merged into one Security Forces specialist AFSC. The Security Forces brought back the principles of Safe Side, transforming the Security Forces into a combat force. </p><p>In 1997 the Air Force activated the <a href="/wiki/820th_Base_Defense_Group" title="820th Base Defense Group">820th Base Defense Group</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Force_Protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Force Protection">Force Protection</a> unit based at <a href="/wiki/Moody_Air_Force_Base" title="Moody Air Force Base">Moody Air Force Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a>. The unit is a trained force protection unit of 12 <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Specialty_Code" title="Air Force Specialty Code">Air Force Specialty Codes</a> with an <a href="/wiki/Airborne_forces" title="Airborne forces">airborne</a> capability, and is intended to serve as a quick reaction force, capable of deploying anywhere in the world. Air Mobility Command also activated the Raven program, which attached Security Forces specialists to its aircraft to provide on-site security in hostile or remote environments.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/9/11_attacks" class="mw-redirect" title="9/11 attacks">9/11 attacks</a> in 2001, Security Forces prepared for additional attacks and combat operations, both in the United States and abroad. On 16 December 2001, airmen with the 786th Security Forces Squadron deployed to Manas International Airport, Kyrgyzstan, to provide security while the airbase was under construction, to support U.S. operations in Afghanistan. Three months later the 822nd Security Forces Squadron assumed the role, and conducted patrols outside the airbase to deter attack and build relations with local villagers.<sup id="cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govdocs.rutgers.edu-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 19 March 2003 the United States invaded Iraq, and on the same day members of the 161st Security Forces Squadron arrived in country, securing the newly captured Tallil Air Base. On 26 March 2003, elements of the 786th Security Forces Squadron performed the first Security Forces combat jump in Air Force history, taking Bashur Air Base in conjunction with the Army's 173rd Airborne Brigade. </p><p>Throughout the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, Security Forces specialists, and airmen as a whole were pressed into more ground combat roles, to include running convoys. This resulted in the formation of The Aerospace Expeditionary Force Transport Company.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These companies were not divided into flights, but rather platoons, with the first, the 2632nd Aerospace Expeditionary Force Transport Company, deploying in April 2004. Some Security Forces specialists were also attached to Army and Marine infantry units to provide either manpower or military working dogs.<sup id="cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govdocs.rutgers.edu-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 1 January 2005 Task Force 1041 was formed by elements of the 820th Security Forces Group to execute Operation Desert Safe Side. The objective was to conduct outside the wire "kill or capture" missions in one of the most violent areas of Iraq. At the end of the operation, they had reduced attacks on the local airbase to almost zero, while capturing 18 high-value targets, eight major weapons caches, and 98 other insurgent or terrorist targets. Units, such as the 824th Security Forces Squadron, were responsible for training Iraqi security forces. In Summer 2008 the 332nd Expeditionary Security Forces Squadron stood up at Balad Airbase, and for the first time since the Vietnam War a Security Forces Squadron assumed full responsibility for the security, both on and off base, of a major air base in a war zone.<sup id="cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govdocs.rutgers.edu-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 28 September 2005, the 586th Expeditionary Security Forces Squadron became the first combat Security Forces squadron to lose a member in Operation Iraqi Freedom when <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Jacobson" title="Elizabeth Jacobson">A1C Elizabeth Jacobson</a> was killed in action near Safwan, Basra Governorate, Iraq.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Phoenix_Ravens_patch_120416-F-YU970-183.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Phoenix_Ravens_patch_120416-F-YU970-183.jpg/200px-Phoenix_Ravens_patch_120416-F-YU970-183.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="301" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Phoenix_Ravens_patch_120416-F-YU970-183.jpg/300px-Phoenix_Ravens_patch_120416-F-YU970-183.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Phoenix_Ravens_patch_120416-F-YU970-183.jpg/400px-Phoenix_Ravens_patch_120416-F-YU970-183.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2832" data-file-height="4256" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoenix_Ravens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phoenix Ravens (page does not exist)">Phoenix Ravens</a> patch</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Specialized_Units">Specialized Units</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Specialized Units"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>- Emergency Service Teams;<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>- Phoenix Raven;<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>- Stinger Missile Program;<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>- The Elite Guard;<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>- Close Precision Engagement (CPE) teams;<sup id="cite_ref-auto_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>- U.S. Air Force Tactical Response Force (TRF);<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>- Deployed Aircraft Ground Response Element (DAGRE);<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>- Security Forces Marine Patrol Flight;<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>- E4 B NEACP/NAOC Duty;<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>- Military Working Horse Units;<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>- Military working dog teams;<sup id="cite_ref-auto_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>- Base Honor Guard.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uniform_items">Uniform items</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Uniform items"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces_Shield" title="United States Air Force Security Forces Shield">United States Air Force Security Forces Shield</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Blue_beret">Blue beret</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Blue beret"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:6_SFS_marine_patrol_airmans_magazine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/6_SFS_marine_patrol_airmans_magazine.jpg/220px-6_SFS_marine_patrol_airmans_magazine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="388" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/6_SFS_marine_patrol_airmans_magazine.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="295" data-file-height="520" /></a><figcaption>A Security Forces Marine Patrol airman from <a href="/wiki/MacDill_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="MacDill AFB">MacDill AFB</a> featured in <i><a href="/wiki/Airman_Magazine" title="Airman Magazine">Airman Magazine</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command_Elite_Guard" title="Strategic Air Command Elite Guard">Strategic Air Command's Elite Guard</a>, an Air Police unit first established in December 1956 to provide security at USAF SAC headquarters, was the first USAF unit officially authorized to wear a blue beret (with affixed SAC patch) in 1957 as part of their distinct Elite Guard uniform.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Elite Guard's dark blue serge wool beret was worn on duty, at both guard and ceremonial functions, from 1957 onwards.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1966–67, during Operation Safe Side, the first Security Police beret was issued by the 1041st Security Police Squadron. This experimental and specially trained Air Base Ground Defense (ABGD) unit adopted a light blue beret displaying a falcon as its emblem. Operation Safe Side developed into the 82nd Combat Security Police Wing, consisting of three "combat security police" squadrons, but was inactivated in December 1968, ending the unofficial use of the light blue beret.<sup id="cite_ref-beret_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beret-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Elsewhere, during the Vietnam War, although not an authorized uniform item, some local security police commanders approved a dark blue beret similar to the SAC Elite Guard beret for their units as a less-conspicuous alternative to the official white Security Police cover for certain specialized personnel. In Thailand during the late 1960s and early 1970s, Military Working Dog handlers assigned to the 6280th SPS at the <a href="/wiki/Takhli_Royal_Thai_Air_Force_Base" title="Takhli Royal Thai Air Force Base">Takhli Royal Thai Air Force Base</a> sported a dark blue beret with no insignia. Other units adopted a beret to distinguish their guards.<sup id="cite_ref-beret_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beret-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1975 Brig Gen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Sadler_(Air_Force_officer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Sadler (Air Force officer) (page does not exist)">Thomas Sadler</a> was appointed Air Force Chief of Security Police with the task of bringing the Security Police career field into the mainstream of the Air Force. One tool he employed was recognition of members of a distinctive portion of the force, with the beret proposed as a uniform change. Significant opposition to the beret from senior colonels and Major Command (MAJCOM) Chiefs was gradually overcome by the popularity of the concept with personnel. The uniform board approved the proposal, and the beret was officially worn worldwide starting in February 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-beret_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beret-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kali102_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kali102-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1976 beret was worn with the MAJCOM crest of the appropriate major command to which the unit was assigned. It continued in this manner for 20 years until the forming of the Security Forces. In March 1997 the 82nd CSPW was reactivated and re-designated the <a href="/wiki/820th_Security_Forces_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="820th Security Forces Group">820th Security Forces Group</a>. The heraldry of the 820th SFG then replaced the individual MAJCOM emblems as beret insignia.<sup id="cite_ref-beret_41-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beret-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kali147_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kali147-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Enlisted personnel wear the dark blue SF beret which bears the fabric SF "Flash" depicting a falcon over an airfield with the SF motto "<i>Defensor Fortis</i>", literally meaning "Strong Defender" but taken to mean "defender of the force" according to the Air Force, underneath. An officer's "Flash" is similar in appearance but replaces the embroidered falcon and airfield with either metal "pin-on" or embroidered rank.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Security_Forces_flash">Security Forces flash</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Security Forces flash"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:323px;max-width:323px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:167px;max-width:167px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Former_US_Air_Force_1041st_SPS_beret_flash.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Former_US_Air_Force_1041st_SPS_beret_flash.svg/165px-Former_US_Air_Force_1041st_SPS_beret_flash.svg.png" decoding="async" width="165" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Former_US_Air_Force_1041st_SPS_beret_flash.svg/248px-Former_US_Air_Force_1041st_SPS_beret_flash.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Former_US_Air_Force_1041st_SPS_beret_flash.svg/330px-Former_US_Air_Force_1041st_SPS_beret_flash.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="207" data-file-height="171" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">1041st Security Police Squadron Beret Flash (1967)</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USAF_Security_Forces_beret_flash.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/USAF_Security_Forces_beret_flash.jpg/150px-USAF_Security_Forces_beret_flash.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/USAF_Security_Forces_beret_flash.jpg/225px-USAF_Security_Forces_beret_flash.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/USAF_Security_Forces_beret_flash.jpg/300px-USAF_Security_Forces_beret_flash.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1009" data-file-height="914" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Security Forces Beret Flash (current)</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Main articles:<a href="/wiki/Phu_Cat_Air_Base_Security_Forces" title="Phu Cat Air Base Security Forces">Phu Cat Air Base Security Forces</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_military_beret_flash" title="United States military beret flash">United States military beret flash</a> </p><p>The "Falcon over crossed runways" is derived from the 1041st Security Police Squadron of Operation SAFESIDE. This unit evolved into the 82nd Combat Security Police Wing with the mission of providing the Air Force with worldwide ground defense capability and became the base model for all modern USAF Security Forces. This symbol was adopted to represent this ground defense mission.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The signature blue beret worn by USAF Security Forces shows a falcon above crossed runways. The runways represent Air Force bases and the swooping falcon symbolizes force protection. Inspired by the Strategic Air Command Elite Guard and Operation Safeside Security Police, the beret represents heritage and strength.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recent_events">Recent events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Recent events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nuclear_security_forces">Nuclear security forces</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Nuclear security forces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nuclear Security Forces, or "nuke troops",<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> train constantly in small unit tactics due to their lead responsibility in fighting off clandestine, special operations forces. This has included training such as "Blue Coach", which saw Security Forces training alongside US Navy SEALs and engaging OPFOR in training, defeating their Marine Corps attackers.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Changes_to_deployment_length_and_training">Changes to deployment length and training</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Changes to deployment length and training"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DefendersTraining.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/DefendersTraining.jpg/220px-DefendersTraining.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/DefendersTraining.jpg/330px-DefendersTraining.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/DefendersTraining.jpg/440px-DefendersTraining.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2130" data-file-height="1417" /></a><figcaption>USAF Defenders training</figcaption></figure> <p>Since March 2004 the Air Force has provided Security Forces airmen to serve in combat and in combat support roles alongside their sister service members while maintaining their Air Force identity. The Air Force calls such missions "in lieu of" taskings, or ILO for short.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2006 Brig Gen Robert Holmes,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Director of Security Forces and Force Protection, stated, <i>"We want to make our airmen more proficient, and to do that we need to adapt. We're going to change our training, our tactics and our procedures and the Air Force will be better for it."</i> Brig Gen Holmes calls these transformations a "refocus" on how Security Forces train and fight. He elaborated, <i>"We're not in the Cold War anymore; we have to alter our mentality and our practices for today's reality. Because of the nature of the threat, our airmen are fighting the global war on terror on the front lines, and we owe it to them to provide training, equipment and resources to be effective. Essentially, Security Forces will focus on preparing for their war-fighting mission at forward locations, as well as security at a fixed installation. Our airmen are going 'outside the wire' to conduct missions and are proving successful in keeping people safe."</i> Gen. Holmes also said one of the transformation goals is bringing security forces back in step with standard Air Force 120-day deployments. He explained, <i>"Right now our folks are going out for 179-day rotations. Our airmen need time to reconstitute and train. So it's important to get them in line with the rest of the Air Force. We aim to do just that."</i> Overall, Brig Gen Holmes said the changes would make Security Forces more effective and relevant to Air Force needs in the face of the current changing nature of warfare.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2007 it was announced that the Air Force was going to triple the number of Security Forces personnel in Iraq and <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> to back-fill Army and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> mission tasks.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2010 the Air Force announced it was increasing all combat deployments to 179 days beginning in 2011. Lt. Col. Belinda Petersen, a spokeswoman for the Air Force Personnel Center, said the increase in deployment duration is an effort to "improve predictability and stability for airmen and their families." Peterson added that by revising the policy, airmen affected by the change will also "ideally" get more time at home. The dwell time for those airmen is expected to increase from 16 to 24 months. Despite these "improvements", Security Forces, civil engineers, contractors and intelligence are among the busiest in the Air Force, with six-month deployments, followed by only six months at home.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Frankfurt_International_Airport_attack">Frankfurt International Airport attack</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Frankfurt International Airport attack"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 2 March 2011, a <a href="/wiki/Senior_airman" title="Senior airman">senior airman</a> assigned to the 48th Security Forces Squadron at <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force_Lakenheath" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Air Force Lakenheath">Royal Air Force Lakenheath</a>, England, and an <a href="/wiki/Airman_1st_Class" class="mw-redirect" title="Airman 1st Class">Airman 1st Class</a> assigned to the 86th Vehicle Readiness Squadron at <a href="/wiki/Ramstein_Air_Base" title="Ramstein Air Base">Ramstein Air Base</a>, Germany, were shot and killed by a 21-year-old Kosovo native of <a href="/wiki/Albanian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian people">Albanian</a> descent, at <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt International Airport">Frankfurt International Airport</a>, Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The shooter's relatives in <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> told the <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> that he was a devout Muslim and German federal prosecutors said they suspect he was motivated by extremist, <a href="/wiki/Islamist" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamist">Islamist</a> ideology. A U.S. law enforcement official says the shooter shouted "<a href="/wiki/Allahu_Akbar" class="mw-redirect" title="Allahu Akbar">Allahu Akbar</a>", or "God is Great" in Arabic, as he opened fire. The Air Force says most of the airmen attacked were part of a Security Forces team passing through Germany on their way to a deployment in Afghanistan. In addition to the two dead, two other airmen were wounded.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Global_War_on_Terrorism:_Operation_Enduring_Freedom_casualties">Global War on Terrorism: Operation Enduring Freedom casualties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Global War on Terrorism: Operation Enduring Freedom casualties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Three Security Forces members have been killed in action while serving in Afghanistan during Operation Enduring Freedom. On 5 September 2013 a SSgt assigned to the 105th Base Defense Squadron while attached to the 820th Base Defense Group, was killed by small-arms fire after his unit was ambushed and attacked by insurgents outside of <a href="/wiki/Bagram_Airfield" title="Bagram Airfield">Bagram Airfield</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 21 December 2015, two <a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_officers" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-commissioned officers">non-commissioned officers</a> serving in the 105th Base Defense Squadron, part of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Air_National_Guard" title="New York Air National Guard">New York Air National Guard</a>'s <a href="/wiki/105th_Airlift_Wing" title="105th Airlift Wing">105th Airlift Wing</a>, were killed, along with four special agents with the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Air_Force_Office_of_Special_Investigations" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of the Air Force Office of Special Investigations">Department of the Air Force Office of Special Investigations</a>, outside of <a href="/wiki/Bagram_Airfield" title="Bagram Airfield">Bagram Airfield</a> by a <a href="/wiki/Suicide_bomber" class="mw-redirect" title="Suicide bomber">suicide bomber</a> utilizing a motorcycle.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iraq_War:_Operation_Iraqi_Freedom_casualties">Iraq War: Operation Iraqi Freedom casualties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Iraq War: Operation Iraqi Freedom casualties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 30 May 2011 12 Security Forces members have died while supporting <a href="/wiki/Operation_Iraqi_Freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Iraqi Freedom">Operation Iraqi Freedom</a>. These personnel total 22% of all Air Force casualties during OIF.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operation_Freedom's_Sentinel_casualties"><span id="Operation_Freedom.27s_Sentinel_casualties"></span>Operation Freedom's Sentinel casualties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Operation Freedom's Sentinel casualties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 2 October 2015 during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Freedom%27s_Sentinel" title="Operation Freedom's Sentinel">Operation Freedom's Sentinel</a>, a senior airman and an airman 1st class were killed when their <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_C-130J_Super_Hercules" title="Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules">C-130J</a>, assigned to the 774th Expeditionary Airlift Squadron, crashed on takeoff while they performed Fly Away Security Operations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_Airmen">Notable Airmen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notable Airmen"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elizabeth_Jacobson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Elizabeth_Jacobson.jpg/175px-Elizabeth_Jacobson.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Elizabeth_Jacobson.jpg/263px-Elizabeth_Jacobson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Elizabeth_Jacobson.jpg/350px-Elizabeth_Jacobson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Airman_First_Class" class="mw-redirect" title="Airman First Class">A1C</a> <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Nicole_Jacobson" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth Nicole Jacobson">Elizabeth Jacobson</a> of the 586th Expeditionary Security Forces Squadron</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Air_Force_070913-F-6470S-007_Chuck_Norris_visit_deployed_Airmen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/US_Air_Force_070913-F-6470S-007_Chuck_Norris_visit_deployed_Airmen.jpg/230px-US_Air_Force_070913-F-6470S-007_Chuck_Norris_visit_deployed_Airmen.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/US_Air_Force_070913-F-6470S-007_Chuck_Norris_visit_deployed_Airmen.jpg/345px-US_Air_Force_070913-F-6470S-007_Chuck_Norris_visit_deployed_Airmen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/US_Air_Force_070913-F-6470S-007_Chuck_Norris_visit_deployed_Airmen.jpg/460px-US_Air_Force_070913-F-6470S-007_Chuck_Norris_visit_deployed_Airmen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Norris" title="Chuck Norris">Chuck Norris</a>, a former Air Policeman, poses with airmen of the <a href="/wiki/386th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="386th Air Expeditionary Wing">386th Air Expeditionary Wing</a>'s Security Forces</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_L._Andrews" title="Arthur L. Andrews">Arthur "Bud" L. Andrews</a> served as an Air Policeman for nearly 14 years. He became the seventh Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force and served as adviser to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Secretary of the Air Force">United States Secretary of the Air Force</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force">Chief of Staff of the Air Force</a> on matters concerning welfare, effective utilization and progress of the enlisted members of the Air Force.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Ashli_Babbitt" title="Killing of Ashli Babbitt">Ashli Babbitt</a>, who was shot and killed in the Capital Building on January 6. She'd spent 12 years as Security Forces in the Air Force, Air National Guard, and Air Force Reserve, including deployments to Afghanistan, Iraq, Kuwait, and Qatar. Ashli Babbit was one of the January 6th insurrectionsts and was the only person killed during the insurrection.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Nighthorse_Campbell" title="Ben Nighthorse Campbell">Ben Nighthorse Campbell</a> was an Air Policeman stationed in <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a> during the Korean War. He is an <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_States" title="Politics of the United States">American politician</a> who served in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a>. For some time he was the only Native American serving in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">U.S. Congress</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gaylor" title="Robert Gaylor">Robert D. Gaylor</a> served as the fifth <a href="/wiki/Chief_Master_Sergeant_of_the_Air_Force" title="Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force">Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Nicole_Jacobson" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth Nicole Jacobson">Elizabeth Nicole Jacobson</a>, a member of the United States Air Force Security Forces, was killed in action in the Iraq War in 2005. She was the first female U.S. airman killed in the line of duty in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom and the first Air Force Security Forces member killed in conflict since the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_James" title="Bernard James">Bernard James</a>, <a href="/wiki/NBA" class="mw-redirect" title="NBA">NBA</a> player, served as a security forces specialist assigned to the 9th Security Forces Squadron at <a href="/wiki/Beale_Air_Force_Base" title="Beale Air Force Base">Beale Air Force Base</a>. During his service he was deployed to Iraq, <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> and Afghanistan.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Norris" title="Chuck Norris">Chuck Norris</a>, actor and martial-arts instructor, was an Air Policeman stationed in <a href="/wiki/Osan_Air_Base" title="Osan Air Base">Osan Air Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>, and <a href="/wiki/March_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="March Air Force Base">March Air Force Base</a>, California, during his enlistment from 1958 to 1962. While stationed at Osan he acquired the nickname "Chuck" and began his training in <a href="/wiki/Tang_Soo_Do" title="Tang Soo Do">Tang Soo Do</a> (tangsudo).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Pennington" title="Richard Pennington">Richard Pennington</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Police_chief" class="mw-redirect" title="Police chief">police chief</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Police_Department" title="Atlanta Police Department">Atlanta Police Department</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_Police_Department" title="New Orleans Police Department">New Orleans Police Department</a> and Assistant Chief of the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police_Department_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia">Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia</a>. Pennington served as a security policeman during the Vietnam War.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilliard_A._Wilbanks" title="Hilliard A. Wilbanks">Hilliard A. Wilbanks</a>, who received the <a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Honor" title="Medal of Honor">Medal of Honor</a> during the Vietnam War, served as an air policeman before becoming a pilot.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_security_forces_squadrons" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Air Force security forces squadrons">List of United States Air Force security forces squadrons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Air_Force_Police" title="Department of the Air Force Police">Department of the Air Force Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/732_ESFS/DET-3" class="mw-redirect" title="732 ESFS/DET-3">732 ESFS/DET-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Military_Police_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Army Military Police Corps">United States Army Military Police Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master-at-arms_(United_States_Navy)" title="Master-at-arms (United States Navy)">United States Navy Master-at-arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Air_Force_Office_of_Special_Investigations" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of the Air Force Office of Special Investigations">Department of the Air Force Office of Special Investigations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces_Shield" title="United States Air Force Security Forces Shield">United States Air Force Security Forces Shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/820th_Base_Defense_Group" title="820th Base Defense Group">820th Base Defense Group</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_countries">Other countries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Other countries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RAAF" class="mw-redirect" title="RAAF">RAAF</a> <a href="/wiki/Airfield_Defence_Guards" title="Airfield Defence Guards">Airfield Defence Guards</a> – Australia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusiliers_Commandos_de_l%27Air" title="Fusiliers Commandos de l'Air">Fusiliers Commandos de l'Air</a> - France</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Gendarmerie" title="Air Gendarmerie">Air Gendarmerie</a> – France</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Air_Force_Regiment" title="German Air Force Regiment">German Air Force Regiment</a> – Germany</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RNZAF_Force_Protection" class="mw-redirect" title="RNZAF Force Protection">RNZAF Security Forces</a> – New Zealand</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Air_Force_Rangers" title="Swedish Air Force Rangers">Swedish Air Force Rangers</a> – Sweden</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pol%C3%ADcia_A%C3%A9rea" title="Polícia Aérea">Polícia Aérea</a> – Portugal</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Air_Force_Regiment" title="Sri Lanka Air Force Regiment">Sri Lanka Air Force Regiment</a> - Sri Lanka</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force_Regiment" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Air Force Regiment">Royal Air Force Regiment</a> – United Kingdom</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force_Police" title="Royal Air Force Police">Royal Air Force Police</a> - United Kingdom</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">; under current name since 31 October 1997. Formerly part of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Army_Air_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Air Forces">Army Air Forces</a> from 29 March 1943 to 26 September 47.<sup id="cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govdocs.rutgers.edu-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-govdocs.rutgers.edu-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govdocs.rutgers.edu_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107022245/http://govdocs.rutgers.edu/mil/af/AFMAN31-201V1.pdf">"SECURITY FORCES HISTORY"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=defendermagazine.com&rft.atitle=SF+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defendermagazine.com%2Fsf-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latinphrasetranslation.com/translators/latin_to_english">Latin phrase translation.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150510013735/http://www.latinphrasetranslation.com/translators/latin_to_english">Archived</a> 10 May 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Literally, "Protector of the Powerful", but per Pinckney 148, intended as "Defender of the Force".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.afsfaonline.com/index.php/gallery/usaf-top-cops-and-their-chiefs/">"BRIGADIER GENERAL THOMAS P. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=20th+Security+Forces+Career+Field+Manager+Selected&rft.pub=careerinfoclub.com&rft.date=2022-06-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.careerinfoclub.com%2Fcareer-field-manager-air-force%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.defense.gov/News/Transcripts/Transcript/Article/2045979/">"Space Force Briefing"</a>. <i>U.S. Department of Defense</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Department+of+Defense&rft.atitle=Space+Force+Briefing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.defense.gov%2FNews%2FTranscripts%2FTranscript%2FArticle%2F2045979%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRempfer2018" class="citation web cs1">Rempfer, Kyle (26 November 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.airforcetimes.com/news/your-air-force/2018/11/26/air-force-base-defenders-upgrade-their-weapons-training-and-fitness-standards-to-meet-near-peer-threats/">"Air Force base defenders upgrade weapons, training and fitness standards to meet near-peer threats"</a>. <i>Air Force Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Air+Force+Times&rft.atitle=Air+Force+base+defenders+upgrade+weapons%2C+training+and+fitness+standards+to+meet+near-peer+threats&rft.date=2018-11-26&rft.aulast=Rempfer&rft.aufirst=Kyle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.airforcetimes.com%2Fnews%2Fyour-air-force%2F2018%2F11%2F26%2Fair-force-base-defenders-upgrade-their-weapons-training-and-fitness-standards-to-meet-near-peer-threats%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLt_Col,_USAF2012" class="citation web cs1">Lt Col, USAF, Jack L. Sine II (15 February 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/1018633.pdf">"Discovering Air Force Identity: Airpower and Innovators"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/USAF_Air_War_College" title="USAF Air War College">USAF Air War College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_University_(United_States_Air_Force)" title="Air University (United States Air Force)">Air University (United States Air Force)</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190726024629/https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/1018633.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 26 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2019</span>. <q>Security Forces Airmen, the Air Force's infantry, operate with an air-mindedness that incorporates the implications of airpower</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Discovering+Air+Force+Identity%3A+Airpower+and+Innovators&rft.pub=USAF+Air+War+College%2C+Air+University+%28United+States+Air+Force%29&rft.date=2012-02-15&rft.aulast=Lt+Col%2C+USAF&rft.aufirst=Jack+L.+Sine+II&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapps.dtic.mil%2Fdtic%2Ftr%2Ffulltext%2Fu2%2F1018633.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSecrest2013" class="citation web cs1">Secrest, Justin D. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2019</span>. <q>Their performance during the 1968 Tet Offensive was praised universally and transformed its image from a police and security organization to one of the Air Force's infantry.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Air+Force+Security+Forces+Professionalism+for+Leaders&rft.pages=S-14&rft.pub=USMC+Command+and+Staff+College&rft.date=2013-03-27&rft.aulast=Secrest&rft.aufirst=Justin+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapps.dtic.mil%2Fdtic%2Ftr%2Ffulltext%2Fu2%2Fa601613.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-citeseerx-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-citeseerx_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-citeseerx_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.692.5000&rep=rep1&type=pdf">"DEFENDERS OF THE FORCE: THE HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE SECURITY FORCES 1947 – 2006"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CiteSeerX (identifier)">CiteSeerX</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.692.5000">10.1.1.692.5000</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 July</span> 2020</span>. <q>Luper shared Col H. G. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USAF+Police+Alumni+Association&rft.atitle=Stinger+Missile+Program+%7C+US+Air+Force+Security+Forces+%7C+Virtual+Museum+%7C+Memorial+%7C+Military+Police+%7C+USAF+%7C+SP+%7C+AP+%7C+SF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usafpolice.org%2Fstinger-missile-program.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usafpolice.org/elite-guard.html">"Elite Guard | US Air Force Security Forces | Virtual Museum | Memorial | Military Police | USAF | SP | AP | SF"</a>. <i>USAF Police Alumni Association</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USAF+Police+Alumni+Association&rft.atitle=Elite+Guard+%7C+US+Air+Force+Security+Forces+%7C+Virtual+Museum+%7C+Memorial+%7C+Military+Police+%7C+USAF+%7C+SP+%7C+AP+%7C+SF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usafpolice.org%2Felite-guard.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibits/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/3439407/defenders-of-the-force-security-forces/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalmuseum.af.mil%2FVisit%2FMuseum-Exhibits%2FFact-Sheets%2FDisplay%2FArticle%2F3439407%2Fdefenders-of-the-force-security-forces%2F">"Defenders of the Force: Security Forces"</a>. <i>National Museum of the United States Air Force</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Museum+of+the+United+States+Air+Force&rft.atitle=Defenders+of+the+Force%3A+Security+Forces&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalmuseum.af.mil%2FVisit%2FMuseum-Exhibits%2FFact-Sheets%2FDisplay%2FArticle%2F3439407%2Fdefenders-of-the-force-security-forces%2Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.nationalmuseum.af.mil%252FVisit%252FMuseum-Exhibits%252FFact-Sheets%252FDisplay%252FArticle%252F3439407%252Fdefenders-of-the-force-security-forces%252F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usafpolice.org/close-precision-engagement-teams.html">"Close Precision Engagement Teams | US Air Force Security Forces | Virtual Museum | Memorial | Military Police | USAF | SP | AP | SF"</a>. <i>USAF Police Alumni Association</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USAF+Police+Alumni+Association&rft.atitle=Close+Precision+Engagement+Teams+%7C+US+Air+Force+Security+Forces+%7C+Virtual+Museum+%7C+Memorial+%7C+Military+Police+%7C+USAF+%7C+SP+%7C+AP+%7C+SF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usafpolice.org%2Fclose-precision-engagement-teams.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usafpolice.org/tactical-response-force-trf.html">"Tactical Response Force (TRF)"</a>. <i>USAF Police Alumni Association</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USAF+Police+Alumni+Association&rft.atitle=Tactical+Response+Force+%28TRF%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usafpolice.org%2Ftactical-response-force-trf.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usafpolice.org/deployed-aircraft-ground-response-element-dagre.html">"Deployed Aircraft Ground Response Element (DAGRE)"</a>. <i>USAF Police Alumni Association</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USAF+Police+Alumni+Association&rft.atitle=Deployed+Aircraft+Ground+Response+Element+%28DAGRE%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usafpolice.org%2Fdeployed-aircraft-ground-response-element-dagre.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usafpolice.org/6th-security-forces-marine-patrol.html">"6th Security Forces Marine Patrol"</a>. <i>USAF Police Alumni Association</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USAF+Police+Alumni+Association&rft.atitle=6th+Security+Forces+Marine+Patrol&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usafpolice.org%2F6th-security-forces-marine-patrol.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usafpolice.org/e-4b-neacp-duty.html">"E-4B NEACP Duty"</a>. <i>USAF Police Alumni Association</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USAF+Police+Alumni+Association&rft.atitle=E-4B+NEACP+Duty&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usafpolice.org%2Fe-4b-neacp-duty.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usafpolice.org/usaf-military-working-horse-units.html">"USAF Military Working Horse Units"</a>. <i>USAF Police Alumni Association</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USAF+Police+Alumni+Association&rft.atitle=USAF+Military+Working+Horse+Units&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usafpolice.org%2Fusaf-military-working-horse-units.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pinckney, Kali, <i>Defensor Fortis: A Brief History of USAF Security And Those Dedicated Few Who Defend The Air Force At The Ground Level</i>, Universal Publishers Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1581125542" title="Special:BookSources/1581125542">1581125542</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1581125542" title="Special:BookSources/978-1581125542">978-1581125542</a> (2003), pp. 37–38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Balcer, Ray (Col.), <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saceliteguard.com/Elite%20Guard%20History.html">HQ SAC Elite Guard</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110726125235/http://www.saceliteguard.com/Elite%20Guard%20History.html">Archived</a> 26 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i> (April 2005)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saceliteguard.com/images/Farewell_to_Lemay.jpg">Farewell To General LeMay Dinner</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110726125432/http://www.saceliteguard.com/images/Farewell_to_Lemay.jpg">Archived</a> 26 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>, 11 June 1957</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saceliteguard.com/Elite%20Guard%20History.html">"Balcer, Ray (Col.), <i>HQ SAC Elite Guard</i> April 2005"</a>. saceliteguard.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Balcer%2C+Ray+%28Col.%29%2C+HQ+SAC+Elite+Guard+April+2005&rft.pub=saceliteguard.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saceliteguard.com%2FElite%2520Guard%2520History.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saceliteguard.com/images/Power_at_Guardmount_5th_BD_1.jpg">World's Smartest-Looking Airmen Celebrate A Birthday</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110726125243/http://www.saceliteguard.com/images/Power_at_Guardmount_5th_BD_1.jpg">Archived</a> 26 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>, Omaha Evening World-Herald, 1 May 1962, p. 16: On 1 May 1962 the Evening World-Herald covered the fifth anniversary celebration at Offutt AFB of the founding of the SAC Elite Guard in 1957, complete with a photo of the ceremony clearly showing the Elite Guardsmen in their signature blue wool berets and bone-handled .38 revolvers.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-beret-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-beret_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-beret_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-beret_41-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-beret_41-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090517004236/http://www.safesideassociation.org/blue_beret.html">"History of the Security Police Beret"</a>. Safeside Association. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.safesideassociation.org/blue_beret.html">the original</a> on 17 May 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Security+Police+Beret&rft.pub=Safeside+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.safesideassociation.org%2Fblue_beret.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kali102-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kali102_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPinckney2009">Pinckney 2009</a>, p. 102</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kali147-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kali147_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPinckney2009">Pinckney 2009</a>, p. 147</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vspa.com/pdf/sf-history-extract-afi-afi-31-201-v1.pdf">"AFMAN 31-201 Vol. 1 SECURITY FORCES HISTORY AND ORGANIZATION"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 1 May 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AFMAN+31-201+Vol.+1+SECURITY+FORCES+HISTORY+AND+ORGANIZATION&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvspa.com%2Fpdf%2Fsf-history-extract-afi-afi-31-201-v1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.afsfc.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/3165208/the-bond-of-the-blue-beret/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.afsfc.af.mil%2FNews%2FArticle-Display%2FArticle%2F3165208%2Fthe-bond-of-the-blue-beret%2F">"The bond of the Blue Beret"</a>. <i>Air Force Security Forces Center</i>. 21 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Air+Force+Security+Forces+Center&rft.atitle=The+bond+of+the+Blue+Beret&rft.date=2022-09-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.afsfc.af.mil%2FNews%2FArticle-Display%2FArticle%2F3165208%2Fthe-bond-of-the-blue-beret%2Fhttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.afsfc.af.mil%252FNews%252FArticle-Display%252FArticle%252F3165208%252Fthe-bond-of-the-blue-beret%252F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSauer" class="citation magazine cs1">Sauer, Matthew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.acc.af.mil/Portals/92/Docs/TCE/01-10/2001/The%20Combat%20Edge%20June%202001.pdf">"What Everyone Should Know About Nuclear Surety"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Combat Edge</i>. Vol. 10, no. 1. p. 9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Combat+Edge&rft.atitle=What+Everyone+Should+Know+About+Nuclear+Surety&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=9&rft.aulast=Sauer&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.acc.af.mil%2FPortals%2F92%2FDocs%2FTCE%2F01-10%2F2001%2FThe%2520Combat%2520Edge%2520June%25202001.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/121242/blue-coach-improves-security-forces-airmen-tactics-training/">"Blue Coach improves security forces Airmen tactics, training"</a>. <i>U.S. Air Force</i>. 4 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Air+Force&rft.atitle=Blue+Coach+improves+security+forces+Airmen+tactics%2C+training&rft.date=2009-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.af.mil%2FNews%2FArticle-Display%2FArticle%2F121242%2Fblue-coach-improves-security-forces-airmen-tactics-training%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.airforcemag.com/securityforceslaunchbluecoach/">"Security Forces Launch Blue Coach"</a>. <i>Air Force</i>. 29 January 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+Force&rft.atitle=Security+Forces+Launch+Blue+Coach&rft.date=2009-01-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.airforcemag.com%2Fsecurityforceslaunchbluecoach%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whiteman.af.mil/News/Article/324746/getting-tactical-blue-coach-improves-award-winning-defenders/">"Getting tactical, Blue Coach improves award winning defenders"</a>. <i>Whiteman Air Force Base</i>. 10 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.af.mil&rft.atitle=BRIGADIER+GENERAL+ROBERT+H.+HOLMES&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.af.mil%2FAbout-Us%2FBiographies%2FDisplay%2FArticle%2F104892%2Fbrigadier-general-robert-h-holmes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://usmilitary.about.com/od/airforce/a/sfchange.htm">"Security Forces Undergoing Transformation"</a>. usmilitary.about.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120329064526/http://usmilitary.about.com/od/airforce/a/sfchange.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 29 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Svan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stripes.com/news/air-force-changes-deployment-lengths-for-some-42-000-airmen-1.118444">"Air Force changes deployment lengths for some 42,000 airmen – News"</a>. <i>Stripes</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110320093147/http://www.stripes.com/news/air-force-changes-deployment-lengths-for-some-42-000-airmen-1.118444">Archived</a> from the original on 20 March 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stripes&rft.atitle=Air+Force+changes+deployment+lengths+for+some+42%2C000+airmen+%E2%80%93+News&rft.au=Jennifer+H.+Svan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stripes.com%2Fnews%2Fair-force-changes-deployment-lengths-for-some-42-000-airmen-1.118444&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120721064300/http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123245189">"Air Force officials identify Frankfurt Airport shooting deaths"</a>. Af.mil. 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NPR. 3 March 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110307092150/http://www.npr.org/2011/03/03/134222035/deaths-of-2-u-s-airmen-investigated-in-germany">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Deaths+of+2+U.S.+Airmen+Investigated+in+Germany&rft.pub=NPR&rft.date=2011-03-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2011%2F03%2F03%2F134222035%2Fdeaths-of-2-u-s-airmen-investigated-in-germany&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140728022315/http://projects.militarytimes.com/valor/air-force-staff-sgt-todd-j-lobraico/6568504">"Afghanistan Casualty: SSgt Lobraico"</a>. militarytimes.com. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Afghanistan+Casualty%3A+SSgt+Lobraico&rft.pub=militarytimes.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprojects.militarytimes.com%2Fvalor%2Fair-force-staff-sgt-todd-j-lobraico%2F6568504&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.airforcetimes.com/story/military/pentagon/2015/12/23/six-airmen-killed-afghanistan-identified/77777636">"Six airmen killed in Afghanistan"</a>. airforcetimes.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iraq+Coalition+Casualties%3A+Military+Fatalities&rft.pub=iCasualties.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ficasualties.org%2FIraq%2FFatalities.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPinckney2009" class="citation book cs1">Pinckney, Kali (2009). <i>Defensor Fortis: The History of the Air Force Military Police, Air Police, Security Police, and the Security Forces</i>. Lexington, Kentucky: PinckTank Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-615-32829-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-615-32829-4"><bdi>978-0-615-32829-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Defensor+Fortis%3A+The+History+of+the+Air+Force+Military+Police%2C+Air+Police%2C+Security+Police%2C+and+the+Security+Forces&rft.place=Lexington%2C+Kentucky&rft.pub=PinckTank+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-615-32829-4&rft.aulast=Pinckney&rft.aufirst=Kali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Air+Force+Security+Forces" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_Air_Force" title="Template:United States Air Force"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_Air_Force" title="Template talk:United States Air Force"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_Air_Force" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States Air Force"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_Air_Force8231" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Department of the Air Force">Department of the Air Force</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Secretary of the Air Force">Secretary of the Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Under_Secretary_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Under Secretary of the Air Force">Under Secretary of the Air Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Staff_(United_States)" title="Air Staff (United States)">Air Staff</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force">Chief of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chief_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Vice Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force">Vice Chief of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Director of Staff of the United States Air Force">Director of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Master_Sergeant_of_the_Air_Force" title="Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force">Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_four-star_generals" title="List of United States Air Force four-star generals">Four-star generals</a></li> <li>Three-star generals <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_generals_in_the_United_States_Air_Force_before_1960" title="List of lieutenant generals in the United States Air Force before 1960">1940–1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_lieutenant_generals_from_2000_to_2009" title="List of United States Air Force lieutenant generals from 2000 to 2009">2000–2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_lieutenant_generals_from_2010_to_2019" title="List of United States Air Force lieutenant generals from 2010 to 2019">2010–2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_lieutenant_generals_since_2020" title="List of United States Air Force lieutenant generals since 2020">2020–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States House Committee on Armed Services">House Armed Services Committee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Tactical_Air_and_Land_Forces" title="United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Tactical Air and Land Forces">House Subcommittee on Tactical Air and Land Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Strategic_Forces" title="United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces">House Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States Senate Committee on Armed Services">Senate Committee on Armed Services</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Airland" title="United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Airland">Senate Subcommittee on Airland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Strategic_Forces" title="United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces">Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg/80px-U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg/120px-U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg/160px-U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="580" data-file-height="580" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Structure of the United States Air Force">Structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Reserve_Command" title="Air Force Reserve Command">Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_National_Guard" title="Air National Guard">Air National Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_Field_Operating_Agencies" title="List of United States Air Force Field Operating Agencies">Field Operating Agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_installations" title="List of United States Air Force installations">Installations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Direct Reporting Units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_District_of_Washington" title="Air Force District of Washington">District of Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Operational_Test_and_Evaluation_Center" title="Air Force Operational Test and Evaluation Center">Operational Test and Evaluation Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Academy" title="United States Air Force Academy">USAF Academy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_major_commands_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of major commands of the United States Air Force">Major commands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Combat_Command" title="Air Combat Command">ACC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Education_and_Training_Command" title="Air Education and Training Command">AETC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command" title="Air Force Global Strike Command">AFGSC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Materiel_Command" title="Air Force Materiel Command">AFMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Reserve_Command" title="Air Force Reserve Command">AFRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command" title="Air Force Special Operations Command">AFSOC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Mobility_Command" title="Air Mobility Command">AMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Air_Forces" title="Pacific Air Forces">PACAF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Forces_in_Europe_%E2%80%93_Air_Forces_Africa" title="United States Air Forces in Europe – Air Forces Africa">USAFE–AFAFRICA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Numbered_Air_Force" title="Numbered Air Force">Numbered Air Forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Air_Force" title="First Air Force">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Air_Force" title="Second Air Force">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Air_Force" title="Third Air Force">Third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Air_Force" title="Fourth Air Force">Fourth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Air_Force" title="Fifth Air Force">Fifth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Air_Force" title="Seventh Air Force">Seventh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Air_Force" title="Eighth Air Force">Eighth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Air_Force" title="Ninth Air Force">Ninth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Air_Force" title="Tenth Air Force">Tenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Air_Force" title="Eleventh Air Force">Eleventh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Air_Force" title="Twelfth Air Force">Twelfth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Expeditionary_Air_Force" title="Thirteenth Expeditionary Air Force">Thirteenth Expeditionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_Air_Force" title="Fifteenth Air Force">Fifteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixteenth_Air_Force" title="Sixteenth Air Force">Sixteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Air_Force" title="Eighteenth Air Force">Eighteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Air_Force" title="Nineteenth Air Force">Nineteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Air_Force" title="Twentieth Air Force">Twentieth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-Second_Air_Force" title="Twenty-Second Air Force">Twenty-Second</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wings_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of wings of the United States Air Force">Wings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_groups_and_wings_of_the_United_States_Air_National_Guard" title="List of groups and wings of the United States Air National Guard">ANG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_Groups" title="List of United States Air Force Groups">Groups</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_groups_and_wings_of_the_United_States_Air_National_Guard" title="List of groups and wings of the United States Air National Guard">ANG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_squadrons" title="List of United States Air Force squadrons">Squadrons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_National_Guard_Squadrons" title="List of United States Air National Guard Squadrons">ANG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces_squadrons" title="List of United States Air Force Security Forces squadrons">Security Forces</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reserve_components_of_the_United_States_Armed_Forces#Civilian_auxiliaries_distinguished" title="Reserve components of the United States Armed Forces">Civilian auxiliary</a>: <a href="/wiki/Civil_Air_Patrol" title="Civil Air Patrol">Civil Air Patrol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Personnel and<br /> training</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_personnel" title="List of United States Air Force personnel">Personnel</a></li> <li>Rank <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_officer_rank_insignia" title="United States Air Force officer rank insignia">officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Academy_Cadet_Insignia" title="United States Air Force Academy Cadet Insignia">cadets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_enlisted_rank_insignia" title="United States Air Force enlisted rank insignia">enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Specialty_Code" title="Air Force Specialty Code">Specialty Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Air_Force_aeronautical_rating" title="U.S. Air Force aeronautical rating">Aeronautical ratings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Judge_Advocate_General%27s_Corps" title="United States Air Force Judge Advocate General's Corps">Judge Advocate General's Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_Engineer_Deployable_Heavy_Operational_Repair_Squadron_Engineers" title="Rapid Engineer Deployable Heavy Operational Repair Squadron Engineers">RED HORSE</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Security Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Medical_Service" title="United States Air Force Medical Service">Medical Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Chaplains_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Chief of Chaplains of the United States Air Force">Chief of Chaplains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Scientist_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Chief Scientist of the United States Air Force">Chief Scientist</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Training: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Academy" title="United States Air Force Academy">Air Force Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Officer_Training_School" title="Air Force Officer Training School">Officer Training School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Reserve_Officer_Training_Corps" title="Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps">Reserve Officer Training Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Basic_Military_Training" title="United States Air Force Basic Military Training">Basic Training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airman_Leadership_School" title="Airman Leadership School">Airman Leadership School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival,_Evasion,_Resistance_and_Escape" title="Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape">SERE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Fitness_Assessment" title="United States Air Force Fitness Assessment">Fitness Assessment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Uniforms and<br /> equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_decorations_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="Awards and decorations of the United States Department of the Air Force">Awards and decorations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badges_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Badges of the United States Air Force">Badges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of equipment of the United States Air Force">Equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force#Aircraft_inventory" title="United States Air Force">Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Uniforms of the United States Air Force">Uniforms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">History and<br /> traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="History of the United States Air Force">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeronautical_Division,_U.S._Signal_Corps" title="Aeronautical Division, U.S. Signal Corps">Aeronautical Division</a> / <a href="/wiki/Aviation_Section,_U.S._Signal_Corps" title="Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps">Aviation Section</a> / <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Military_Aeronautics" title="Division of Military Aeronautics">Division of Military Aeronautics</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Service" title="United States Army Air Service">Army Air Service</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Corps" title="United States Army Air Corps">Army Air Corps</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">Army Air Forces</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_U.S._Air_Force_(song)" title="The U.S. Air Force (song)">The U.S. Air Force</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Band" title="United States Air Force Band">Air Force Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airman%27s_Creed" title="Airman's Creed">Airman's Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force#Core_missions" title="United States Air Force">Core Values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Flag of the United States Air Force">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Symbol" title="United States Air Force Symbol">Symbol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Memorial" title="United States Air Force Memorial">Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="National Museum of the United States Air Force">National Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_Airforce_Service_Pilots" title="Women Airforce Service Pilots">Women Airforce Service Pilots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One">Air Force One</a> / <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Two" title="Air Force Two">Air Force Two</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Honor_Guard" title="United States Air Force Honor Guard">Honor Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Thunderbirds" title="United States Air Force Thunderbirds">Thunderbirds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_number_(United_States_Air_Force)" title="Service number (United States Air Force)">Service numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_%26_Space_Forces_Association" title="Air & Space Forces Association">Air & Space Forces Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Air_Force" title="Category:United States Air Force">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Air_force_ground_forces_and_special_forces4951" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Air_force_ground_forces_and_special_forces" title="Template:Air force ground forces and special forces"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Air_force_ground_forces_and_special_forces" title="Template talk:Air force ground forces and special forces"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Air_force_ground_forces_and_special_forces" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Air force ground forces and special forces"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Air_force_ground_forces_and_special_forces4951" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Air_force_ground_forces_and_special_forces" title="Air force ground forces and special forces">Air force ground forces and special forces</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina"><img alt="Argentina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Group_(Argentina)" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Operations Group (Argentina)">Special Operations Group</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Airfield_Defence_Guards" title="Airfield Defence Guards">Airfield Defence Guards</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/No._4_Squadron_RAAF#B_Flight_Combat_Control_Team_(CCT)" title="No. 4 Squadron RAAF">B Flight Combat Control Team (CCT), No. 4 Squadron RAAF</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil"><img alt="Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Para-SAR" title="Para-SAR">Para-SAR</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile"><img alt="Chile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agrupaci%C3%B3n_Antisecuestros_A%C3%A9reos" title="Agrupación Antisecuestros Aéreos">Agrupación Antisecuestros Aéreos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comandos_de_Aviaci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Comandos de Aviación">Comandos de Aviación</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/PLAAF_Airborne_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="PLAAF Airborne Corps">PLAAF Airborne Corps</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fusiliers_Commandos_de_l%27Air" title="Fusiliers Commandos de l'Air">Fusiliers Commandos de l'Air</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/German_Air_Force_Regiment" title="German Air Force Regiment">German Air Force Regiment</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_Hellenic_Air_Force#31st_Search_and_Rescue_Operations_Squadron" title="Structure of the Hellenic Air Force">31st Search and Rescue Operations Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Military_Police#After_1974" title="Greek Military Police">Hellenic Air Force Police</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Garud_Commando_Force" title="Garud Commando Force">Garud Commando Force</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bravo_Detachment_90" title="Bravo Detachment 90">Bravo Detachment 90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kopasgat" title="Kopasgat">Kopasgat</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shaldag_Unit" title="Shaldag Unit">Yehidat Shaldag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unit_669" title="Unit 669">Unit 669</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/17%C2%BA_Stormo_Incursori" class="mw-redirect" title="17º Stormo Incursori">17º Stormo Incursori</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia"><img alt="Malaysia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/RMAF_Regiment" title="RMAF Regiment">RMAF Regiment</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand"><img alt="New Zealand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/RNZAF_Security_Forces" title="RNZAF Security Forces">RNZAF Security Forces</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan"><img alt="Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Special_Service_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Service Wing">Special Service Wing</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines"><img alt="Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/710th_Special_Operations_Wing" title="710th Special Operations Wing">710th Special Operations Wing</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Pol%C3%ADcia_A%C3%A9rea" title="Polícia Aérea">Polícia Aérea</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka"><img alt="Sri Lanka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Air_Force_Regiment" title="Sri Lanka Air Force Regiment">Sri Lanka Air Force Regiment</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Air_Force_Rangers" title="Swedish Air Force Rangers">Swedish Air Force Rangers</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland"><img alt="Switzerland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Parachute_Reconnaissance_Company_17" title="Parachute Reconnaissance Company 17">Parachute Reconnaissance Company 17</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand"><img alt="Thailand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RTAF_Security_Force_Command" title="RTAF Security Force Command">RTAF Security Force Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Regiment_(Thailand)" title="Special Operations Regiment (Thailand)">Special Operations Regiment</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Combat_Search_and_Rescue_(Turkish_Armed_Forces)" title="Combat Search and Rescue (Turkish Armed Forces)">Combat Search and Rescue</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/RAF_Regiment" title="RAF Regiment">RAF Regiment</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">USAF Security Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_air_support_operations_squadrons" title="List of United States Air Force air support operations squadrons">USAF Air Support Operations Squadrons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_special_tactics_squadrons" title="List of United States Air Force special tactics squadrons">USAF Special Tactics Squadrons</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fallschirmj%C3%A4ger" title="Fallschirmjäger">Fallschirmjäger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe_Field_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="Luftwaffe Field Division">Luftwaffe Field Divisions</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force_Commandos" title="Royal Air Force Commandos">Royal Air Force Commandos</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Unit_684" title="Unit 684">Unit 684</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Federal_law_enforcement_agencies_of_the_United_States799" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Federal_law_enforcement_agencies_of_the_United_States" title="Template:Federal law enforcement agencies of the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Federal_law_enforcement_agencies_of_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Federal law enforcement agencies of the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Federal_law_enforcement_agencies_of_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Federal law enforcement agencies of the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Federal_law_enforcement_agencies_of_the_United_States799" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Federal_law_enforcement_in_the_United_States" title="Federal law enforcement in the United States">Federal law enforcement agencies of the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Commerce" title="United States Department of Commerce">Department of Commerce</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Export_Enforcement" title="Office of Export Enforcement">Office of Export Enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration_Fisheries_Office_of_Law_Enforcement" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries Office of Law Enforcement">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - Fisheries: Office of Law Enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Commerce_Office_of_Security" title="U.S. Department of Commerce Office of Security">Office of Security</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">Department of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Criminal_Investigative_Service" title="Defense Criminal Investigative Service">Defense Criminal Investigative Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Defense_police" title="Department of Defense police">Department of Defense police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Logistics_Agency#DLA_Police" title="Defense Logistics Agency">Defense Logistics Agency Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentagon_Force_Protection_Agency" title="Pentagon Force Protection Agency">Pentagon Force Protection Agency</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Pentagon_Police" title="United States Pentagon Police">Pentagon Police</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NSA_police" class="mw-redirect" title="NSA police">National Security Agency Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Army" title="United States Department of the Army">Department of the Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Intelligence_and_Security_Command" title="United States Army Intelligence and Security Command">Intelligence and Security Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Criminal_Investigation_Division" title="United States Army Criminal Investigation Division">Criminal Investigation Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Police_Corps_(United_States)" title="Military Police Corps (United States)">Military Police Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Army_Civilian_Police" title="Department of the Army Civilian Police">Army Department Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Corrections_Command" title="United States Army Corrections Command">Corrections Command</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Navy" title="United States Department of the Navy">Department of the Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Criminal_Investigative_Service" title="Naval Criminal Investigative Service">Criminal Investigative Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Criminal_Investigation_Division" title="United States Marine Corps Criminal Investigation Division">Marine Corps Criminal Investigation Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master-at-arms_(United_States_Navy)" title="Master-at-arms (United States Navy)">Master-at-Arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Navy_Police" title="Department of the Navy Police">Navy Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Civilian_Police" title="United States Marine Corps Civilian Police">Marine Corps Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Academy#Police" title="United States Naval Academy">Naval Academy Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Department of the Air Force">Department of the Air Force</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Office_of_Special_Investigations" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Air Force Office of Special Investigations">Office of Special Investigations</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Security Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Air_Force_Police" title="Department of the Air Force Police">Department of the Air Force Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Department of Health and Human Services">Department of<br />Health and Human Services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">United States Food and Drug Administration</a> (<a href="/wiki/Office_of_Criminal_Investigations" title="Office of Criminal Investigations">Office of Criminal Investigations</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health_Police" title="National Institutes of Health Police">National Institutes of Health Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">Department of<br />Homeland Security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Law_Enforcement_Training_Centers" title="Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers">Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Citizenship_and_Immigration_Services" title="United States Citizenship and Immigration Services">Citizenship and Immigration Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">United States Coast Guard</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Investigative_Service" title="Coast Guard Investigative Service">Investigative Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Police" title="United States Coast Guard Police">Coast Guard Police</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Customs_and_Border_Protection" title="U.S. Customs and Border Protection">Customs and Border Protection</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Border_Patrol" title="United States Border Patrol">Border Patrol</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Protective_Service_(United_States)" title="Federal Protective Service (United States)">Federal Protective Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Immigration_and_Customs_Enforcement" title="U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement">Immigration and Customs Enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service" title="United States Secret Service">United States Secret Service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service_Uniformed_Division" title="United States Secret Service Uniformed Division">Uniformed Division</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_Security_Administration" title="Transportation Security Administration">Transportation Security Administration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Air_Marshal_Service" title="Federal Air Marshal Service">Office of Law Enforcement/Federal Air Marshal Service</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">Department of<br />the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_Police" title="Bureau of Indian Affairs Police">Bureau of Indian Affairs Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Land_Management#Law_enforcement_and_security" title="Bureau of Land Management">Bureau of Land Management: Office of Law Enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoover_Dam_Police" title="Hoover Dam Police">Hoover Dam Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service_ranger" title="National Park Service ranger">Rangers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Park_Police" title="United States Park Police">United States Park Police</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Fish_and_Wildlife_Service_Office_of_Law_Enforcement" title="United States Fish and Wildlife Service Office of Law Enforcement">Fish and Wildlife Service: Office of Law Enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="National Wildlife Refuge">National Wildlife Refuge System: Division of Refuge Law Enforcement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Department of Justice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Alcohol,_Tobacco,_Firearms_and_Explosives" title="Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives">Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_Enforcement_Administration" title="Drug Enforcement Administration">Drug Enforcement Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Police" title="FBI Police">FBI Police</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Prisons" title="Federal Bureau of Prisons">Federal Bureau of Prisons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marshals_Service" title="United States Marshals Service">United States Marshals Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">Department of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Diplomatic_Security" title="Bureau of Diplomatic Security">Bureau of Diplomatic Security</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_Security_Service" title="Diplomatic Security Service">Diplomatic Security Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Foreign_Missions" title="Office of Foreign Missions">Office of Foreign Missions</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Department of the Treasury">Department of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_and_Tobacco_Tax_and_Trade_Bureau" title="Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau">Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Engraving_and_Printing#BEP_Police" title="Bureau of Engraving and Printing">Bureau of Engraving and Printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_Crimes_Enforcement_Network" title="Financial Crimes Enforcement Network">Financial Crimes Enforcement Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRS_Criminal_Investigation" title="IRS Criminal Investigation">Internal Revenue Service, Criminal Investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Mint_Police" title="United States Mint Police">United States Mint Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other executive <br /> department agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture"><b>Agriculture</b></a>: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service#Law_Enforcement_.26_Investigations" title="United States Forest Service">US Forest Service: Law Enforcement & Investigations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy" title="United States Department of Energy"><b>Energy</b></a>: <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Secure_Transportation" title="Office of Secure Transportation">Office of Secure Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Transportation" title="United States Department of Transportation"><b>Transportation</b></a>: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Merchant_Marine_Academy#Department_of_Public_Safety" title="United States Merchant Marine Academy">United States Merchant Marine Academy Department of Public Safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Veterans_Affairs" title="United States Department of Veterans Affairs"><b>Veterans Affairs</b></a>: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Veterans_Affairs_Police" title="United States Department of Veterans Affairs Police">Department of Veterans Affairs Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_at_Arms_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives">Sergeant at Arms of the House of Representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_at_Arms_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate">Sergeant at Arms of the Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Police" title="United States Capitol Police">United States Capitol Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Publishing_Office#GPO_Police" title="United States Government Publishing Office">Government Publishing Office Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Judicial branch</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Probation_and_Pretrial_Services_System" title="U.S. Probation and Pretrial Services System">U.S. Probation and Pretrial Services System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court" title="Marshal of the United States Supreme Court">Marshal of the United States Supreme Court</a> (<a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_Police" title="Supreme Court Police">Supreme Court Police</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other federal law<br />enforcement agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amtrak_Police_Department" title="Amtrak Police Department">Amtrak Police Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organizational_structure_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency#Directorate_of_Support" title="Organizational structure of the Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency: Security Protective Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Enforcement_and_Compliance_Assurance" title="Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance">Environmental Protection Agency: Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance</a></li> <li><a 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