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Air Force One - Wikipedia
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<li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_presidential_aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_presidential_aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>First presidential aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_presidential_aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boeing_707s_and_entry_to_jet_age" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boeing_707s_and_entry_to_jet_age"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Boeing 707s and entry to jet age</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boeing_707s_and_entry_to_jet_age-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Loewy's_livery_design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Loewy's_livery_design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Loewy's livery design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Loewy's_livery_design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SAM_26000" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SAM_26000"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.4</span> <span>SAM 26000</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SAM_26000-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SAM_27000" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SAM_27000"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.5</span> <span>SAM 27000</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SAM_27000-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boeing_VC-25A" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boeing_VC-25A"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.6</span> <span>Boeing VC-25A</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boeing_VC-25A-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>21st century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Logistical_support" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Logistical_support"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Logistical support</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Logistical_support-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-11_September_attacks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#11_September_attacks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>11 September attacks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-11_September_attacks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Planned_replacement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Planned_replacement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Planned replacement</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Planned_replacement-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Planned replacement subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Planned_replacement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-VC-25B" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#VC-25B"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>VC-25B</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-VC-25B-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supersonic_aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supersonic_aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Supersonic aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supersonic_aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_presidential_aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_presidential_aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Other presidential aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_presidential_aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aircraft_on_display" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aircraft_on_display"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Aircraft on display</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aircraft_on_display-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Air Force One</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 58 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AF" title="سلاح الجو واحد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سلاح الجو واحد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7_%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%88_(%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="بیرینجی هاوا گوجو (ایر فورس وان) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بیرینجی هاوا گوجو (ایر فورس وان)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="এয়ার ফোর্স ওয়ান – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এয়ার ফোর্স ওয়ান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ایر فورس وان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایر فورس وان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One_(ropletter)" title="Air Force One (ropletter) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Air Force One (ropletter)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%96%B4_%ED%8F%AC%EC%8A%A4_%EC%9B%90" title="에어 포스 원 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에어 포스 원" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8" title="एयर फोर्स वन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एयर फोर्स वन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A1_1" title="אייר פורס 1 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אייר פורס 1" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%8F%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C_%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C_%E0%B2%92%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C" title="ಏರ್ ಫೋರ್ಸ್ ಒನ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಏರ್ ಫೋರ್ಸ್ ಒನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BA" title="എയർഫോഴ്സ് വൺ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="എയർഫോഴ്സ് വൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%B2%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%96%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%9D%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="အဲယားဖို့စ် ဝမ်း – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အဲယားဖို့စ် ဝမ်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One_(roepletters)" title="Air Force One (roepletters) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Air Force One (roepletters)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8" title="एयर फोर्स वन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="एयर फोर्स वन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%82%A2%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AF%E3%83%B3" title="エアフォースワン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エアフォースワン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%C3%A7a_A%C3%A9rea_Um" title="Força Aérea Um – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Força Aérea Um" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%91%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F_%E0%B7%86%E0%B7%9D%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="එයා ෆෝස් වන් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="එයා ෆෝස් වන්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%81%DB%86%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ئەیرفۆرس وان – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەیرفۆرس وان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%83%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="ஏர் ஃபோர்ஸ் ஒன் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஏர் ஃபோர்ஸ் ஒன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="แอร์ฟอร์ซวัน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แอร์ฟอร์ซวัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%88%D9%86" title="ائیر فورس ون – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ائیر فورس ون" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Air Force One" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A1_%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9F" title="עיר פארס וואן – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="עיר פארס וואן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E5%86%9B%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7" title="空军一号 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="空军一号" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q179969#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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searchaux" style="display:none">USAF aircraft carrying the US president</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the current aircraft most commonly used as Air Force One, see <a href="/wiki/Boeing_VC-25" title="Boeing VC-25">Boeing VC-25</a>. For the 1997 film, see <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_One_(film)" title="Air Force One (film)"><i>Air Force One</i> (film)</a>. For the Nike sneaker, see <a href="/wiki/Nike_Air_Force" title="Nike Air Force">Nike Air Force</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_One_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Air Force One (disambiguation)">Air Force One (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:United_States_Air_Force_Boeing_VC-25_(92-9000)_landing_at_Dayton_International_Airport_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/United_States_Air_Force_Boeing_VC-25_%2892-9000%29_landing_at_Dayton_International_Airport_%281%29.jpg/220px-United_States_Air_Force_Boeing_VC-25_%2892-9000%29_landing_at_Dayton_International_Airport_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/United_States_Air_Force_Boeing_VC-25_%2892-9000%29_landing_at_Dayton_International_Airport_%281%29.jpg/330px-United_States_Air_Force_Boeing_VC-25_%2892-9000%29_landing_at_Dayton_International_Airport_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/United_States_Air_Force_Boeing_VC-25_%2892-9000%29_landing_at_Dayton_International_Airport_%281%29.jpg/440px-United_States_Air_Force_Boeing_VC-25_%2892-9000%29_landing_at_Dayton_International_Airport_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2250" /></a><figcaption>SAM 29000, one of two <a href="/wiki/Boeing_VC-25" title="Boeing VC-25">VC-25As</a> used as Air Force One, approaching <a href="/wiki/Dayton_International_Airport" title="Dayton International Airport">Dayton International Airport</a> in October 2012</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Air Force One</b> is the official <a href="/wiki/Air_traffic_control" title="Air traffic control">air traffic control</a>-designated <a href="/wiki/Aviation_call_signs" title="Aviation call signs">call sign</a> for a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a> aircraft carrying the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president of the United States</a>. The term is commonly used to denote U.S. Air Force aircraft modified and used to transport the president, and as a <a href="/wiki/Metonym" class="mw-redirect" title="Metonym">metonym</a> for the primary presidential aircraft, <a href="/wiki/Boeing_VC-25" title="Boeing VC-25">VC-25</a>, although it can be used to refer to any Air Force aircraft the president travels on.<sup id="cite_ref-The_White_House_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_White_House-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AF1fact_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AF1fact-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The idea of designating specific <a href="/wiki/Military_aircraft" title="Military aircraft">military aircraft</a> to <a href="/wiki/Transportation_of_the_President_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation of the President of the United States">transport the president</a> arose during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> when military advisors in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_War" title="United States Department of War">War Department</a> were concerned about the risk of using commercial airlines for presidential travel. In 1944, a <a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-54_Skymaster" title="Douglas C-54 Skymaster">C-54 Skymaster</a> was converted for use as the first purpose-built presidential aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dubbed the <i>Sacred Cow</i> and operated by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">Army Air Force</a>, it carried President <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Yalta_Conference" title="Yalta Conference">Yalta Conference</a> in February 1945 and was used for another two years by President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The "Air Force One" <a href="/wiki/Military_call_sign" title="Military call sign">call sign</a> was created in 1954, after a <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Constellation" title="Lockheed Constellation">Lockheed Constellation</a> carrying President <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> entered the same airspace as a commercial airline flight using the same <a href="/wiki/Flight_number" title="Flight number">flight number</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the introduction of <i><a href="/wiki/VC-137C_SAM_26000" title="VC-137C SAM 26000">SAM 26000</a></i> in 1962, the primary presidential aircraft has carried the distinctive <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_livery" title="Aircraft livery">livery</a> designed by <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Loewy" title="Raymond Loewy">Raymond Loewy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-preptjb_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-preptjb-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CNN_Style_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNN_Style-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other aircraft designated as Air Force One have included another Lockheed Constellation, <i>Columbine III;</i> three <a href="/wiki/Boeing_707" title="Boeing 707">Boeing 707s</a>, introduced in the 1960s and 1970s; and the current <a href="/wiki/Boeing_VC-25" title="Boeing VC-25">Boeing VC-25As</a>. Since 1990, the presidential fleet has consisted of two highly customized <a href="/wiki/Boeing_747-200#747-200" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing 747-200">Boeing 747-200B</a> (VC-25A) aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-preptjb_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-preptjb-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The USAF has ordered two <a href="/wiki/Boeing_747-8" title="Boeing 747-8">Boeing 747-8s</a> to serve as the next presidential aircraft, designated VC-25Bs and expected to enter service no earlier than 2026.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From time to time, presidents have invited other world leaders to travel with them on Air Force One. In 1973, Nixon invited <a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Soviet general secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Brezhnev" title="Leonid Brezhnev">Leonid Brezhnev</a> to fly with him to California from Washington, D.C.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1983, President Reagan and <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a> toured the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">U.S. West Coast</a> aboard the aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, President Barack Obama took British Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a> to a basketball game in Ohio.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Theodore_Roosevelt_and_Archibald_Hoxsey_(1910).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Theodore_Roosevelt_and_Archibald_Hoxsey_%281910%29.jpg/220px-Theodore_Roosevelt_and_Archibald_Hoxsey_%281910%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Theodore_Roosevelt_and_Archibald_Hoxsey_%281910%29.jpg/330px-Theodore_Roosevelt_and_Archibald_Hoxsey_%281910%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Theodore_Roosevelt_and_Archibald_Hoxsey_%281910%29.jpg/440px-Theodore_Roosevelt_and_Archibald_Hoxsey_%281910%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="402" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a> and pilot <a href="/wiki/Arch_Hoxsey" class="mw-redirect" title="Arch Hoxsey">Arch Hoxsey</a> before their 1910 flight in <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a></figcaption></figure> <p>On 11 October 1910, <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a> became the first US president to fly in an aircraft, an early <a href="/wiki/Wright_Flyer" title="Wright Flyer">Wright Flyer</a> from <a href="/wiki/Lambert%E2%80%93St._Louis_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Lambert–St. Louis International Airport">Kinloch Field</a> near <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>. He was no longer in office at the time, having been succeeded by <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a>. The record-making occasion was a brief overflight of the crowd at a county fair but was nonetheless the beginning of presidential air travel.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="First_presidential_aircraft">First presidential aircraft</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: First presidential aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Douglas_VC-54C_Sacred_Cow,_circa_in_1947_(176246706).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Douglas_VC-54C_Sacred_Cow%2C_circa_in_1947_%28176246706%29.jpg/220px-Douglas_VC-54C_Sacred_Cow%2C_circa_in_1947_%28176246706%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Douglas_VC-54C_Sacred_Cow%2C_circa_in_1947_%28176246706%29.jpg/330px-Douglas_VC-54C_Sacred_Cow%2C_circa_in_1947_%28176246706%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Douglas_VC-54C_Sacred_Cow%2C_circa_in_1947_%28176246706%29.jpg/440px-Douglas_VC-54C_Sacred_Cow%2C_circa_in_1947_%28176246706%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10081" data-file-height="7666" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-54_Skymaster" title="Douglas C-54 Skymaster">Douglas C-54 Skymaster</a> aircraft, nicknamed the <i>Sacred Cow</i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Douglas_VC-118_Independence_in_flight_c1947.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Douglas_VC-118_Independence_in_flight_c1947.jpg/220px-Douglas_VC-118_Independence_in_flight_c1947.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Douglas_VC-118_Independence_in_flight_c1947.jpg/330px-Douglas_VC-118_Independence_in_flight_c1947.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Douglas_VC-118_Independence_in_flight_c1947.jpg/440px-Douglas_VC-118_Independence_in_flight_c1947.jpg 2x" data-file-width="737" data-file-height="518" /></a><figcaption>The VC-118 <i>Independence</i> used primarily by President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Columbine_II_Undergoing_Restoration.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Columbine_II_Undergoing_Restoration.jpg/220px-Columbine_II_Undergoing_Restoration.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Columbine_II_Undergoing_Restoration.jpg/330px-Columbine_II_Undergoing_Restoration.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Columbine_II_Undergoing_Restoration.jpg/440px-Columbine_II_Undergoing_Restoration.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5312" data-file-height="2988" /></a><figcaption>The VC-121 <i>Columbine II</i>, shown here while undergoing restoration in 2016, used by President <a href="/wiki/Dwight_Eisenhower" class="mw-redirect" title="Dwight Eisenhower">Dwight Eisenhower</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> was the first president to fly in an aircraft while in office. The first aircraft obtained specifically for presidential travel was a <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Dolphin" title="Douglas Dolphin">Douglas Dolphin</a> <a href="/wiki/Amphibious_aircraft" title="Amphibious aircraft">amphibian</a> modified with luxury upholstery for four passengers and a small separate sleeping compartment. Designated RD-2 by the US Navy, it was delivered in 1933 and based at the <a href="/wiki/Naval_Support_Facility_Anacostia" title="Naval Support Facility Anacostia">naval base at Anacostia</a> in Washington, D.C.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The aircraft remained in service as a presidential transport from 1939.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During World War II, German submarines <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Atlantic" title="Battle of the Atlantic">operating in the Atlantic Ocean</a> made air travel the preferred method of VIP transatlantic transportation. In 1943, Roosevelt traveled to the <a href="/wiki/Casablanca_Conference_(1943)" class="mw-redirect" title="Casablanca Conference (1943)">Casablanca Conference</a> in Morocco on the <i><a href="/wiki/Dixie_Clipper" title="Dixie Clipper">Dixie Clipper</a></i>, a Pan Am-crewed <a href="/wiki/Boeing_314" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing 314">Boeing 314</a> <a href="/wiki/Flying_boat" title="Flying boat">flying boat</a>, on a flight that covered 5,500 miles (8,890 km) in three legs.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Concerned about relying upon commercial airlines to transport the president, officials of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">United States Army Air Forces</a>, the predecessor of the US Air Force, ordered the conversion of a military aircraft to accommodate the special needs of the <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-chief#United_States" title="Commander-in-chief">commander-in-chief</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Museum_VC-54C_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Museum_VC-54C-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1943, a <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_C-87_Liberator_Express" title="Consolidated C-87 Liberator Express">C-87A</a> transport, number 41-24159, was modified to carry President Franklin D. Roosevelt on international trips. But after a review of the C-87's controversial safety record, the Secret Service flatly refused to approve the aircraft for presidential carriage. The C-87, a derivative of the <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_B-24_Liberator" title="Consolidated B-24 Liberator">Consolidated B-24 Liberator</a> bomber, also carried more militaristic associations than aircraft designed for transport. The aircraft, named <i>Guess Where II,</i> was used to transport senior members of the Roosevelt administration on various trips. In March 1944, it flew <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a> on a goodwill tour of several Latin American countries. The C-87 was scrapped in 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-Dorr_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dorr-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Secret Service subsequently reconfigured a Douglas <a href="/wiki/C-54_Skymaster" class="mw-redirect" title="C-54 Skymaster">C-54 Skymaster</a> for presidential transport duty. The VC-54C aircraft, nicknamed the <i>Sacred Cow</i>, included a <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_cabin" title="Aircraft cabin">sleeping area</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radiotelephone" title="Radiotelephone">radiotelephone</a>, and retractable battery-powered <a href="/wiki/Elevator" title="Elevator">elevator</a> to lift Roosevelt in his wheelchair. The VC-54C flew President Roosevelt only once, to the <a href="/wiki/Yalta_Conference" title="Yalta Conference">Yalta Conference</a> in February 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Museum_VC-54C_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Museum_VC-54C-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Act_of_1947" title="National Security Act of 1947">National Security Act of 1947</a>, the legislation that created the US Air Force, was signed by President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> aboard the VC-54C.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Museum_VC-54C_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Museum_VC-54C-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He replaced the VC-54C in 1947 with a modified <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-6" title="Douglas DC-6">C-118 Liftmaster</a>, calling it the <i>Independence</i> after his Missouri hometown. It was given a distinctive exterior, as its nose was painted like the head of a <a href="/wiki/Bald_eagle" title="Bald eagle">bald eagle</a>. The plane included a stateroom in the aft fuselage and a main cabin that could seat 24 passengers or could be made up into 12 sleeper berths. It is now housed at the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="National Museum of the United States Air Force">National Museum of the United States Air Force</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">Dayton, Ohio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AF1whmuseum_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AF1whmuseum-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eisenhower introduced four propeller-driven aircraft to presidential service. This group included two <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Constellation" title="Lockheed Constellation">Lockheed C-121 Constellations</a>: aircraft <i><a href="/wiki/Columbine_II" title="Columbine II">Columbine II</a></i> (VC-121A 48-610)<sup id="cite_ref-restoration_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-restoration-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Villarreal_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Villarreal-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Petersen_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Petersen-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>Columbine III</i> (VC-121E 53-7885).<sup id="cite_ref-Petersen2_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Petersen2-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were named by <a href="/wiki/First_Lady_of_the_United_States" title="First Lady of the United States">First Lady</a> <a href="/wiki/Mamie_Eisenhower" title="Mamie Eisenhower">Mamie Eisenhower</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Aquilegia_coerulea" title="Aquilegia coerulea">columbine</a>, official state flower of her adopted home state of <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>. Two <a href="/wiki/Aero_Commander_500" class="mw-redirect" title="Aero Commander 500">Aero Commanders</a> were also added to the fleet.<sup id="cite_ref-AF1whmuseum_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AF1whmuseum-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Columbine II</i> is the first plane to bear the <a href="/wiki/Call_sign" title="Call sign">call sign</a> Air Force One. This designation for the US Air Force aircraft carrying the incumbent president was established after a 1954 incident in which a commercial flight, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Air_Lines" title="Eastern Air Lines">Eastern Air Lines</a> 8610, crossed paths with Air Force 8610, which was carrying President Eisenhower. Initially used informally, the designation became official in 1962.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AF1whmuseum_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AF1whmuseum-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-KTARnews_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KTARnews-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Boeing_707s_and_entry_to_jet_age">Boeing 707s and entry to jet age</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Boeing 707s and entry to jet age"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:707-based_SAM_970.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/91/707-based_SAM_970.jpeg/220px-707-based_SAM_970.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/91/707-based_SAM_970.jpeg/330px-707-based_SAM_970.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/91/707-based_SAM_970.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="389" data-file-height="256" /></a><figcaption><i>SAM 970</i> in the <a href="/wiki/Dwight_Eisenhower" class="mw-redirect" title="Dwight Eisenhower">Eisenhower</a>-era livery</figcaption></figure> <p>Toward the end of Eisenhower's second term, Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/John_Foster_Dulles" title="John Foster Dulles">John Foster Dulles</a> commented that Soviet Premier <a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Nikita Khrushchev</a> and other senior Soviet officials had begun using the technologically advanced <a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-114" title="Tupolev Tu-114">Tupolev Tu-114</a> aircraft for their travels, and it was no longer dignified for the president to fly in a propeller-driven aircraft. This paved the way for the Air Force's initial procurement of three <a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-137_Stratoliner" title="Boeing C-137 Stratoliner">Boeing 707</a>-120 (VC-137A) <a href="/wiki/Jet_aircraft" title="Jet aircraft">jet aircraft</a>, designated <i>SAM (Special Air Missions) 970, 971</i> and <i>972</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jet_Age_Arrives_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jet_Age_Arrives-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The high-speed <a href="/wiki/Jet_engine" title="Jet engine">jet</a> technology built into these aircraft enabled presidents from Eisenhower through Nixon to travel long distances more quickly for face-to-face meetings with world leaders.<sup id="cite_ref-MoF_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoF-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then-Vice President <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> first used a VC-137A on his visit to Russia in July 1959 for the <a href="/wiki/Kitchen_Debate" title="Kitchen Debate">Kitchen Debates</a>. The following month, Eisenhower became the first president to fly via jet airplane when he used <i>SAM 970</i>, nicknamed <i>"Queenie"</i>, to meet German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer. During Eisenhower's "<a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Dwight_D._Eisenhower_administration#International_trips" title="Foreign policy of the Dwight D. Eisenhower administration">Flight to Peace</a>" goodwill tour in December 1959, he visited 11 Asian nations, flying 22,000 miles (35,000 km) in 19 days, twice as fast as he could have covered that distance in one of the <i>Columbines</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-AF1whmuseum_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AF1whmuseum-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kitchen_Debates_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kitchen_Debates-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>SAM 970</i> to <i>SAM 972</i> would be removed from the presidential role with the early-1960s arrival of the specially built VC-137C designated <i>SAM 26000</i>. The older planes would be repainted in the Loewy secondary livery designed for <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Two" title="Air Force Two">Air Force Two</a> and other non-presidential VIP aircraft. <i>SAM 970</i> is now on display at <a href="/wiki/The_Museum_of_Flight" class="mw-redirect" title="The Museum of Flight">The Museum of Flight</a> in <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, Washington.<sup id="cite_ref-MoF_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoF-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>SAM 971</i>, best remembered for returning the Americans held during the <a href="/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis#Release" title="Iran hostage crisis">Iran hostage crisis</a> in 1981, is on display at the <a href="/wiki/Pima_Air_and_Space_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Pima Air and Space Museum">Pima Air and Space Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson, Arizona</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>SAM 972</i> was scrapped in October 1996.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Loewy's_livery_design"><span id="Loewy.27s_livery_design"></span>Loewy's livery design</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Loewy's livery design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Livery_design_for_Air_Force_One.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/36/Livery_design_for_Air_Force_One.jpg/220px-Livery_design_for_Air_Force_One.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/36/Livery_design_for_Air_Force_One.jpg/330px-Livery_design_for_Air_Force_One.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/36/Livery_design_for_Air_Force_One.jpg/440px-Livery_design_for_Air_Force_One.jpg 2x" data-file-width="449" data-file-height="222" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Loewy" title="Raymond Loewy">Raymond Loewy</a>'s initial design proposal</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lyndon_B._Johnson_taking_the_oath_of_office,_November_1963.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Lyndon_B._Johnson_taking_the_oath_of_office%2C_November_1963.jpg/220px-Lyndon_B._Johnson_taking_the_oath_of_office%2C_November_1963.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Lyndon_B._Johnson_taking_the_oath_of_office%2C_November_1963.jpg/330px-Lyndon_B._Johnson_taking_the_oath_of_office%2C_November_1963.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Lyndon_B._Johnson_taking_the_oath_of_office%2C_November_1963.jpg/440px-Lyndon_B._Johnson_taking_the_oath_of_office%2C_November_1963.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7750" data-file-height="6132" /></a><figcaption>Vice President <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> is sworn in as President aboard <i>SAM 26000</i> following <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="Assassination of John F. Kennedy">assassination</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The new <a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-137_Stratoliner" title="Boeing C-137 Stratoliner">VC-137C</a> was not yet modified for presidential service when <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> took office in 1961. On the recommendation of his wife, <a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacqueline Kennedy">Jacqueline Kennedy</a>, he contacted the French-born American industrial designer <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Loewy" title="Raymond Loewy">Raymond Loewy</a> for help in designing new livery and interiors for the VC-137C.<sup id="cite_ref-preptjb_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-preptjb-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SAM26000Arrival_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAM26000Arrival-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Loewy, who had seen <i>SAM 970</i>, complained to a friend in the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> that it "had a garish orange nose and looked too much like a military plane", Air Force One historian and former Smithsonian curator Von Hardesty told <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. He offered Kennedy his design consultation services free of charge.<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_Style_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNN_Style-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AF1_Aura_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AF1_Aura-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kennedy chose a red-and-gold design from one of Loewy's initial concept sketches, and asked him to render the design all in blue. Loewy also drew inspiration from the first printed copy of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">United States Declaration of Independence</a>, suggesting the widely spaced and upper case <i>"United States of America"</i> legend in <a href="/wiki/Caslon" title="Caslon">Caslon</a> typeface. He chose to expose the polished aluminum fuselage on the bottom side and used two blues, <a href="/wiki/Steel_blue" title="Steel blue">steel blue</a> <span style="display:inline-block;border:1.62px solid black;vertical-align:text-top;" title="#3c79b4"><span class="mw-no-invert" style="display:block;padding:0;width:1em;height:1em;background:#3C79B4;color:inherit;"> </span></span> associated with the early republic and the presidency, and a more contemporary water blue <span style="display:inline-block;border:1.62px solid black;vertical-align:text-top;" title="#c9ecf5"><span class="mw-no-invert" style="display:block;padding:0;width:1em;height:1em;background:#C9ECF5;color:inherit;"> </span></span> to represent an America both rooted in the past and flying inexorably into the future. The <a href="/wiki/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Seal of the President of the United States">presidential seal</a> was added to both sides of the fuselage near the nose and a large American flag was painted on the tail. Loewy's work won immediate praise from the president and the press. The <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_livery#Cheatline" title="Aircraft livery">cheatline</a> suggested a sleek and horizontal image that mirrored America's <a href="/wiki/Jet_Age" title="Jet Age">Jet Age</a> optimism and prosperity of the era, and today signifies its legacy and tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_Style_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNN_Style-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MoMAAF1_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoMAAF1-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Color_Scheme_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Color_Scheme-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Loewy's VC-137C livery was adapted for the larger <a href="/wiki/Boeing_VC-25" title="Boeing VC-25">VC-25A</a> when it entered service in 1990, and the secondary variation (without the darker blue cheatline and cap over the cockpit) is still in use on USAF <a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-40_Clipper" title="Boeing C-40 Clipper">C-40</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gulfstream_V#Variants" title="Gulfstream V">C-37</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-32" title="Boeing C-32">C-32</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gulfstream_IV#C-20F/G/H/J_military_variants" title="Gulfstream IV">C-20</a> aircraft in standard (non-presidential) VIP configurations. The presidential paint scheme can also be seen on <a href="/wiki/Union_Pacific_4141" title="Union Pacific 4141">Union Pacific 4141</a>, the locomotive used in <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a>'s funeral train.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AF1whmuseum_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AF1whmuseum-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="SAM_26000">SAM 26000</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: SAM 26000"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/VC-137C_SAM_26000" title="VC-137C SAM 26000">VC-137C SAM 26000</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VC-137-1_Air_Force_One.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/VC-137-1_Air_Force_One.jpg/220px-VC-137-1_Air_Force_One.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/VC-137-1_Air_Force_One.jpg/330px-VC-137-1_Air_Force_One.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/VC-137-1_Air_Force_One.jpg/440px-VC-137-1_Air_Force_One.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1415" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/SAM_26000" class="mw-redirect" title="SAM 26000">SAM 26000</a></i> used for President <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">Kennedy</a> through <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Clinton</a>, shown in AF2 livery</figcaption></figure> <p>Under <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>, presidential air travel entered the jet age.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although he could use the Eisenhower-era jets for trips to Canada, France, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, and the United Kingdom, when he came into office, his primary aircraft domestically was still a prop powered <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-6#Surviving_aircraft" title="Douglas DC-6">Douglas VC-118A Liftmaster</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 1962, the modified long-range Boeing VC-137C Stratoliner <a href="/wiki/VC-137C_SAM_26000" title="VC-137C SAM 26000"><i>SAM 26000</i></a>, featuring livery designed by Loewy would be delivered, and immediately became an important element of the Kennedy administration's brand.<sup id="cite_ref-SAM26000Arrival_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAM26000Arrival-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>SAM 26000</i> was in service from 1962 to 1998, serving Presidents Kennedy to <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Clinton</a>. On 22 November 1963, <i>SAM 26000</i> carried President Kennedy to Dallas, Texas, where it served as the backdrop as the Kennedys greeted well-wishers at Dallas's <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Love_Field" title="Dallas Love Field">Love Field</a>. Later that afternoon, Kennedy was <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="Assassination of John F. Kennedy">assassinated</a>, and Vice President <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_Johnson" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyndon Johnson">Lyndon Johnson</a> assumed the office of President and took the <a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="First inauguration of Lyndon B. Johnson">oath of office</a> aboard <i>SAM 26000</i>. On Johnson's orders, the plane carried Kennedy's body back to Washington.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A decade later, <i>SAM 26000</i> took Johnson's body home to Texas after his state funeral in Washington.<sup id="cite_ref-Retirement_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Retirement-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a> usually does not have fighter aircraft escort the presidential aircraft over the United States but it has occurred. The first instance came during the <a href="/wiki/State_funeral_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="State funeral of John F. Kennedy">state funeral of John F. Kennedy</a> when it was followed by 50 fighters (20 Navy and 30 Air Force), representing the states of the union.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Johnson used <i>SAM 26000</i> to travel extensively domestically and to visit troops in South Vietnam during the Vietnam War. <i>SAM 26000</i> served President Nixon on several groundbreaking overseas voyages, including his famous <a href="/wiki/1972_Nixon_visit_to_China" class="mw-redirect" title="1972 Nixon visit to China">visit to the People's Republic of China</a> in February 1972 and his trip to the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> later that year, both firsts for an American president.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nixon dubbed the plane the "Spirit of '76" in honor of the forthcoming bicentennial of the United States; that logo was painted on both sides of the plane's nose.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="SAM_27000">SAM 27000</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: SAM 27000"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/VC-137C_SAM_27000" title="VC-137C SAM 27000">VC-137C SAM 27000</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Air_Force_One_SAM_27000.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Air_Force_One_SAM_27000.jpg/220px-Air_Force_One_SAM_27000.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Air_Force_One_SAM_27000.jpg/330px-Air_Force_One_SAM_27000.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Air_Force_One_SAM_27000.jpg/440px-Air_Force_One_SAM_27000.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="713" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/SAM_27000" class="mw-redirect" title="SAM 27000">SAM 27000</a></i> served Presidents <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> to <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>SAM 26000 was replaced in December 1972 by another VC-137C, <i><a href="/wiki/SAM_27000" class="mw-redirect" title="SAM 27000">Special Air Mission 27000</a></i>, although SAM 26000 was relegated to non-presidential VIP status (and repainted without the darker blue cap and cheatline), it served as a backup to <i>SAM 27000</i> until it was finally retired in 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-Retirement_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Retirement-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 1974, while President Nixon was on his way to a scheduled stop in <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, Syrian fighter jets intercepted Air Force One to act as escorts. The crew was not informed in advance, so took evasive action including a dive.<sup id="cite_ref-washingtonpost.com_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washingtonpost.com-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After announcing his intention to resign the presidency, Nixon boarded <i>SAM 27000</i> (with call sign "Air Force One") to travel to California. Colonel Ralph Albertazzie, then pilot of Air Force One, recounted that after <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> was sworn in as president, the plane had to be redesignated as <i>SAM 27000</i>, indicating no president was on board the aircraft. Over Jefferson City, Missouri, Albertazzie radioed: "<a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City</a>, this was Air Force One. Will you change our call sign to Sierra Alpha Mike (SAM) 27000?" Back came the reply: "Roger, Sierra Alpha Mike 27000. Good luck to the President."<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Boeing_VC-25A">Boeing VC-25A</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Boeing VC-25A"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Boeing_VC-25" title="Boeing VC-25">Boeing VC-25</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_two_Boeing_VC-25A_Air_Force_One.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/The_two_Boeing_VC-25A_Air_Force_One.jpg/220px-The_two_Boeing_VC-25A_Air_Force_One.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/The_two_Boeing_VC-25A_Air_Force_One.jpg/330px-The_two_Boeing_VC-25A_Air_Force_One.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/The_two_Boeing_VC-25A_Air_Force_One.jpg/440px-The_two_Boeing_VC-25A_Air_Force_One.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3750" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>SAM 28000 sits on the ramp as SAM 29000 descends on final approach to <a href="/wiki/Hickam_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Hickam Field">Hickam Field</a> with President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Though <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>'s two terms as president saw no major changes to Air Force One, the manufacture of the presidential aircraft version of the <a href="/wiki/Boeing_747" title="Boeing 747">747</a> began during his presidency. The USAF issued a <a href="/wiki/Request_For_Proposal" class="mw-redirect" title="Request For Proposal">Request For Proposal</a> in 1985 for two wide-body aircraft with a minimum of three engines and an unrefueled range of 6,000 miles (9,700 km). Boeing with the 747 and McDonnell Douglas with the <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_DC-10" title="McDonnell Douglas DC-10">DC-10</a> submitted proposals, and the <a href="/wiki/Reagan_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Reagan Administration">Reagan Administration</a> ordered two identical 747s to replace the aging 707 VC-137 variants he used.<sup id="cite_ref-preptjb_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-preptjb-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-747-dod_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-747-dod-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The interior designs, drawn up by First Lady <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Reagan" title="Nancy Reagan">Nancy Reagan</a>, were reminiscent of the <a href="/wiki/American_Southwest" class="mw-redirect" title="American Southwest">American Southwest</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-747-dod_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-747-dod-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Air_Force_One_over_Mt._Rushmore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Air_Force_One_over_Mt._Rushmore.jpg/220px-Air_Force_One_over_Mt._Rushmore.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Air_Force_One_over_Mt._Rushmore.jpg/330px-Air_Force_One_over_Mt._Rushmore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Air_Force_One_over_Mt._Rushmore.jpg/440px-Air_Force_One_over_Mt._Rushmore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1900" data-file-height="1528" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/SAM_28000" class="mw-redirect" title="SAM 28000">SAM 28000</a></i> flying over <a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore" title="Mount Rushmore">Mount Rushmore</a> in February 2001</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Barack_Obama_meets_his_staff_in_Air_Force_One_Conference_Room.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Barack_Obama_meets_his_staff_in_Air_Force_One_Conference_Room.jpg/220px-Barack_Obama_meets_his_staff_in_Air_Force_One_Conference_Room.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Barack_Obama_meets_his_staff_in_Air_Force_One_Conference_Room.jpg/330px-Barack_Obama_meets_his_staff_in_Air_Force_One_Conference_Room.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Barack_Obama_meets_his_staff_in_Air_Force_One_Conference_Room.jpg/440px-Barack_Obama_meets_his_staff_in_Air_Force_One_Conference_Room.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3500" data-file-height="2333" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> meets with staff mid-flight aboard Air Force One, in the <a href="/wiki/Conference_room" class="mw-redirect" title="Conference room">conference room</a> on 3 April 2009</figcaption></figure> <p>When President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> left office in January 2009, he flew to Texas in a VC-25 that used call sign SAM 28000, as it did not carry the current president of the United States. Similar arrangements were made for former presidents <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> flew to his Mar-a-Lago estate shortly before his tenure as president ended, under the Air Force One call sign.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the deaths of former Presidents <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> and Ronald Reagan, VC-25 aircraft flew their remains to their home states of <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> and California, respectively.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On 27 April 2009, a low-flying VC-25 circled New York City for a <a href="/wiki/Photo-op" class="mw-redirect" title="Photo-op">photo-op</a> and <a href="/wiki/Military_exercise" title="Military exercise">training exercise</a>, alarming many New Yorkers.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During Joe Biden's <a href="/wiki/2023_visit_by_Joe_Biden_to_Ukraine" title="2023 visit by Joe Biden to Ukraine">2023 visit to Ukraine</a>, the Air Force One call sign was not used for the C-32 aircraft he flew to <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>; to increase secrecy, the call sign was <i>SAM060</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Logistical_support">Logistical support</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Logistical support"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Presidential_limousine_loaded_in_aircraft.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Presidential_limousine_loaded_in_aircraft.jpg/220px-Presidential_limousine_loaded_in_aircraft.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Presidential_limousine_loaded_in_aircraft.jpg/330px-Presidential_limousine_loaded_in_aircraft.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Presidential_limousine_loaded_in_aircraft.jpg/440px-Presidential_limousine_loaded_in_aircraft.jpg 2x" data-file-width="690" data-file-height="458" /></a><figcaption>The presidential limousine being sent via Boeing C-17 prior to the arrival of <i>Air Force One</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>When flying with the President, Air Force One rarely flies alone. It is often accompanied by a fleet of aircraft that can include the back-up VC-25, cargo aircraft, and tankers.<sup id="cite_ref-Hardesty_2003_pages=156–157_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hardesty_2003_pages=156–157-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In such cases, up to half a dozen cargo aircraft, such as the <a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-17_Globemaster_III" title="Boeing C-17 Globemaster III">Boeing C-17 Globemaster III</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-5_Galaxy" title="Lockheed C-5 Galaxy">Lockheed C-5 Galaxy</a>, precede AF1 by a couple days or more, bringing the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_state_car_(United_States)" title="Presidential state car (United States)">presidential limousine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_UH-60_Black_Hawk" title="Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk">Sikorsky VH-60 Black Hawk</a> helicopters, along with Secret Service personnel and several hundred maintenance crew. Longer trips are accompanied by tankers, such as the <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_KC-10_Extender" title="McDonnell Douglas KC-10 Extender">McDonnell Douglas KC-10 Extender</a>, to limit the need to stop for fuel and ensure that AF1 does not take fuel from an unvetted source.<sup id="cite_ref-Hardesty_2003_pages=156–157_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hardesty_2003_pages=156–157-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The support aircraft will often use several airports in a region to minimize the impact to one particular airport, and Secret Service may also preposition a Gulfstream <a href="/wiki/C-37B" class="mw-redirect" title="C-37B">C-37B</a> or <a href="/wiki/Boeing_E-4" title="Boeing E-4">Boeing E-4</a> in a neighboring region for backup.<sup id="cite_ref-Fleet_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fleet-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to the President, staff, and flight crew, a VC-25A can carry 102 guests in typical domestic business-class <a href="/wiki/Airline_seat" title="Airline seat">seats</a>. The back-up VC-25 typically flies with 14 crew, two pilots, six flight crew, two cooks, and four flight attendants. When transporting the President, the primary VC-25A has three cooks and 15 flight attendants, 20 or more Secret Service agents, and some 40 members of the presidential <a href="/wiki/Press_pool" title="Press pool">press pool</a>. During international state visits, another aircraft may be chartered to accommodate another 150 or more journalists and security personnel.<sup id="cite_ref-Hardesty_2003_pages=156–157_58-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hardesty_2003_pages=156–157-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="11_September_attacks">11 September attacks</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 11 September attacks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_George_W._Bush_aboard_Air_Force_One_during_the_flight_from_Barksdale_Air_Force_Base_to_Offut_Air_Force_Base.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/President_George_W._Bush_aboard_Air_Force_One_during_the_flight_from_Barksdale_Air_Force_Base_to_Offut_Air_Force_Base.jpg/220px-President_George_W._Bush_aboard_Air_Force_One_during_the_flight_from_Barksdale_Air_Force_Base_to_Offut_Air_Force_Base.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/President_George_W._Bush_aboard_Air_Force_One_during_the_flight_from_Barksdale_Air_Force_Base_to_Offut_Air_Force_Base.jpg/330px-President_George_W._Bush_aboard_Air_Force_One_during_the_flight_from_Barksdale_Air_Force_Base_to_Offut_Air_Force_Base.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/President_George_W._Bush_aboard_Air_Force_One_during_the_flight_from_Barksdale_Air_Force_Base_to_Offut_Air_Force_Base.jpg/440px-President_George_W._Bush_aboard_Air_Force_One_during_the_flight_from_Barksdale_Air_Force_Base_to_Offut_Air_Force_Base.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> aboard a VC-25 on 11 September 2001, the day of the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a></figcaption></figure> <p>On <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">11 September 2001</a>, George W. Bush was interrupted as he attended an event at <a href="/wiki/Emma_E._Booker_Elementary_School" title="Emma E. Booker Elementary School">Emma E. Booker Elementary School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sarasota,_Florida" title="Sarasota, Florida">Sarasota, Florida</a>, after <a href="/wiki/United_Airlines_Flight_175" title="United Airlines Flight 175">an airplane</a> hit the South Tower of the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_(1973%E2%80%932001)" title="World Trade Center (1973–2001)">World Trade Center</a> in New York City. He took off on a VC-25 from <a href="/wiki/Sarasota-Bradenton_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarasota-Bradenton International Airport">Sarasota-Bradenton International Airport</a> piloted by Colonel Mark Tillman, the senior pilot of Air Force One that day. </p><p>Some time later, air traffic controllers warned Tillman that a passenger jet was nearby and not responding to radio calls. Tillman recalls: "As we got over <a href="/wiki/Gainesville,_Florida" title="Gainesville, Florida">Gainesville, Florida</a>, we got the word from Jacksonville Center. They said, 'Air Force One you have traffic behind you and basically above you that is descending into you, we are not in contact with them – they have shut their responder [<i><a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a></i>] off.' And at that time it kind of led us to believe maybe someone was coming into us in Sarasota, they saw us take off, they just stayed high and are following us at this point. We had no idea what the capabilities of the terrorists were at that point."<sup id="cite_ref-Tilman_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tilman-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tillman then flew Air Force One over the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a> in order, he later said, to test whether the other aircraft would follow. The other jet continued on its route, and Tillman said that it was later explained to him that an airliner had lost its <a href="/wiki/Transponder_(aeronautics)" title="Transponder (aeronautics)">transponder</a>, which normally broadcasts an electronic identification signal, and that the pilots on board neglected to switch to another radio frequency. </p><p>Later, Tillman received a warning of an imminent attack on Air Force One. "We got word from the vice president and the staff that 'Angel was next,' indicating the classified call sign for Air Force One. Once we got into the Gulf [of Mexico] and they passed to us that 'Angel was next,' at that point I asked for fighter support. If an airliner was part of the attack, it would be good to have fighters on the wing to go ahead and take care of us." At this point, Tillman said that the plan to fly the president back to Washington, D.C., was aborted due to concerns that Air Force One would be attacked at <a href="/wiki/Andrews_Air_Force_Base" title="Andrews Air Force Base">Andrews Air Force Base</a>. Instead, Tillman landed at <a href="/wiki/Barksdale_Air_Force_Base" title="Barksdale Air Force Base">Barksdale Air Force Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Offutt_Air_Force_Base" title="Offutt Air Force Base">Offutt Air Force Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a>, where the president made a speech.<sup id="cite_ref-Tilman_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tilman-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After these stops, the president was returned to Washington, D.C. </p><p>The next day, officials at the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Justice Department</a> explained that President Bush did this because there was "specific and credible information that the White House and Air Force One were also intended targets".<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The White House could not confirm evidence of a threat to Air Force One, and investigation found the original claim to be a result of miscommunication.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Planned_replacement">Planned replacement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Planned replacement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="VC-25B">VC-25B</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: VC-25B"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Boeing_VC-25B" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing VC-25B">Boeing VC-25B</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Air_Force_One_VC-25B_paint_scheme_2023-03-10.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Air_Force_One_VC-25B_paint_scheme_2023-03-10.JPG/220px-Air_Force_One_VC-25B_paint_scheme_2023-03-10.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Air_Force_One_VC-25B_paint_scheme_2023-03-10.JPG/330px-Air_Force_One_VC-25B_paint_scheme_2023-03-10.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Air_Force_One_VC-25B_paint_scheme_2023-03-10.JPG/440px-Air_Force_One_VC-25B_paint_scheme_2023-03-10.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1930" data-file-height="1086" /></a><figcaption>Illustration of the VC-25B color scheme announced March 2023</figcaption></figure> <p>The VC-25As are to be replaced as the cost of maintaining the aging systems on their 30-year-old airframes and less efficient GE-CF6 engines has begun to surpass the cost of acquiring a new aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 28 January 2015, the Air Force announced that the <a href="/wiki/Boeing_747-8" title="Boeing 747-8">Boeing 747-8</a> would be the next presidential aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 6 December 2016, President-elect <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">tweeted</a> his opposition to the Air Force One replacement because of its high cost, "more than $4 billion". The US <a href="/wiki/Government_Accountability_Office" title="Government Accountability Office">Government Accountability Office</a> estimated the total cost at $3.2 billion, and the US Air Force's budget for the program is projected to be nearly $4 billion. In December 2016, Boeing was on contract for preliminary development worth $170 million (~$212 million in 2023).<sup id="cite_ref-bbc-20161207_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-20161207-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ft-20161207_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ft-20161207-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 1 August 2017, <i><a href="/wiki/Defense_One" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense One">Defense One</a></i> reported that, in an effort to pay less for the replacement program, the US Air Force contracted to purchase two of the bankrupt Russian airline <a href="/wiki/Transaero" title="Transaero">Transaero</a>'s undelivered 747-8 Intercontinentals from Boeing, which was storing them in the <a href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave Desert</a> to prevent corrosion. These airplanes, which were completed in 2013,<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> would be retrofitted with all essential equipment to serve as the next presidential aircraft, albeit without certain capabilities such as <a href="/wiki/Aerial_refueling" title="Aerial refueling">aerial refueling</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supersonic_aircraft">Supersonic aircraft</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Supersonic aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In September 2020, the US Air Force announced several Presidential and Executive Airlift Directorate contracts signed with aircraft manufacturers to begin development of a <a href="/wiki/Supersonic_aircraft" title="Supersonic aircraft">supersonic aircraft</a> that could function as Air Force One. Contracts have been signed with <a href="/wiki/Exosonic" title="Exosonic">Exosonic</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hermeus" title="Hermeus">Hermeus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Boom_Technology" title="Boom Technology">Boom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_presidential_aircraft">Other presidential aircraft</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Other presidential aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beech_VC-6A_USAF.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Beech_VC-6A_USAF.jpg/220px-Beech_VC-6A_USAF.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Beech_VC-6A_USAF.jpg/330px-Beech_VC-6A_USAF.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Beech_VC-6A_USAF.jpg/440px-Beech_VC-6A_USAF.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1361" /></a><figcaption>VC-6A used as Air Force One</figcaption></figure> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyndon B. Johnson Administration">Johnson Administration</a>, the United States Air Force acquired a <a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_King_Air#Air_Force_One" title="Beechcraft King Air">Beechcraft King Air B90</a> which was designated <a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_King_Air#Air_Force_One" title="Beechcraft King Air">VC-6A</a> (66-7943).<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The aircraft was used to transport <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">President Johnson</a> between <a href="/wiki/Bergstrom_Air_Force_Base" title="Bergstrom Air Force Base">Bergstrom Air Force Base</a> and his family ranch near <a href="/wiki/Johnson_City,_Texas" title="Johnson City, Texas">Johnson City, Texas</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was used at least once to transport the President to <a href="/wiki/Princeton,_New_Jersey" title="Princeton, New Jersey">Princeton, New Jersey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Flying2000_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flying2000-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was referred to as <i>Lady Bird's airplane</i> and later in its service life featured a basic color scheme similar to civilian aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the President was aboard, the aircraft used the call sign Air Force One.<sup id="cite_ref-Flying2000_80-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flying2000-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/United_Airlines" title="United Airlines">United Airlines</a> is the only commercial airline to have operated <i><a href="/wiki/Executive_One" title="Executive One">Executive One</a></i>, the call sign given to a civilian flight on which the US president is aboard. On 26 December 1973, President <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> and his family flew as commercial passengers on a United <a href="/wiki/DC-10" class="mw-redirect" title="DC-10">DC-10</a> from <a href="/wiki/Washington_Dulles_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Dulles International Airport">Washington Dulles</a> to <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_International_Airport" title="Los Angeles International Airport">Los Angeles International Airport</a>. His staff explained that this was done to conserve fuel by not having to fly the usual Boeing 707 Air Force aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-Exec1CBS_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Exec1CBS-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:And-c-37a-89aw.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/And-c-37a-89aw.jpg/220px-And-c-37a-89aw.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/And-c-37a-89aw.jpg/330px-And-c-37a-89aw.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/And-c-37a-89aw.jpg/440px-And-c-37a-89aw.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="386" /></a><figcaption>A USAF <a href="/wiki/Gulfstream_V" title="Gulfstream V">Gulfstream V</a> in VIP livery</figcaption></figure> <p>In November 1999, President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> flew from <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a>, Turkey, to <a href="/wiki/Cengiz_Topel_Naval_Air_Station" title="Cengiz Topel Naval Air Station">Cengiz Topel Naval Air Station</a> outside Izmit, Turkey, aboard a marked <a href="/wiki/Gulfstream_III" title="Gulfstream III">C-20C</a> (Gulfstream III) using the call sign <i>Air Force One</i>, escorted by three F-16s.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 8 March 2000, President Clinton flew to Pakistan aboard an unmarked <a href="/wiki/Gulfstream_III" title="Gulfstream III">Gulfstream III</a> while another aircraft with the call sign <i>Air Force One</i> flew on the same route a few minutes later. This diversion was reported by several US press outlets.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 1 May 2003, President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> flew in the co-pilot seat of a Sea Control Squadron Thirty-Five (<a href="/wiki/VS-35_(1990%E2%80%932005)" title="VS-35 (1990–2005)">VS-35</a>) <a href="/wiki/S-3_Viking" class="mw-redirect" title="S-3 Viking">S-3B Viking</a> from <a href="/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_North_Island" title="Naval Air Station North Island">Naval Air Station North Island</a>, California to the aircraft carrier <a href="/wiki/USS_Abraham_Lincoln_(CVN-72)" title="USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72)">USS <i>Abraham Lincoln</i></a> off the California coast, where Bush delivered his <a href="/wiki/2003_Mission_Accomplished_speech" class="mw-redirect" title="2003 Mission Accomplished speech">"Mission Accomplished" speech</a>. During the flight, the aircraft used the call sign of "<a href="/wiki/Navy_One" title="Navy One">Navy One</a>" for the first time. This aircraft is now on display at the <a href="/wiki/National_Naval_Aviation_Museum" title="National Naval Aviation Museum">National Naval Aviation Museum</a> at <a href="/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_Pensacola" title="Naval Air Station Pensacola">Naval Air Station Pensacola</a>, Florida.<sup id="cite_ref-Donald_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Donald-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> used the Gulfstream <a href="/wiki/Gulfstream_V#Variants" title="Gulfstream V">C-37</a> variant on a personal trip in 2009 to visit the production of <a href="/wiki/August_Wilson" title="August Wilson">August Wilson</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Joe_Turner%27s_Come_and_Gone" title="Joe Turner's Come and Gone">Joe Turner's Come and Gone</a></i> in New York.<sup id="cite_ref-Obama_BWay_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obama_BWay-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GV_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GV-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several <a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-17_Globemaster_III" title="Boeing C-17 Globemaster III">Boeing C-17 Globemaster IIIs</a> typically accompany the president whenever he travels, carrying the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_state_car_(United_States)" title="Presidential state car (United States)">presidential limousines</a> and other support vehicles, and have been rumored to have discreetly transported presidents and vice presidents in and out of Iraq and Afghanistan without using the <i>Air Force One</i> call sign.<sup id="cite_ref-Trump_C-17_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trump_C-17-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Secret_AF_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Secret_AF-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:USAF_C-32A.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/USAF_C-32A.jpg/220px-USAF_C-32A.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/USAF_C-32A.jpg/330px-USAF_C-32A.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/USAF_C-32A.jpg/440px-USAF_C-32A.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2682" data-file-height="1413" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-32" title="Boeing C-32">Boeing C-32</a> (<a href="/wiki/Boeing_757" title="Boeing 757">Boeing 757</a>) that was occasionally used as Air Force One until the arrival of newer C-32s in the 2010s. Today, this plane flies the vice president (serving as <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Two" title="Air Force Two">Air Force Two</a>) or other senior officials.</figcaption></figure> <p>Since 1998, the president has occasionally flown aboard an Air Force <a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-32" title="Boeing C-32">C-32</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Narrow-body_aircraft" title="Narrow-body aircraft">narrow-body jet</a> based on the <a href="/wiki/Boeing_757" title="Boeing 757">Boeing 757</a> airliner.<sup id="cite_ref-dwyer_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dwyer-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Air Force bought four C-32s in 1996 to fly the president to airports whose runways were too small to accommodate the larger VC-25, or as emergency backup. Today, these aircraft are used to fly vice presidents and other senior officials.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The C-32 has also been used by Presidents when use of the VC-25 could present operational risks. For example in 2023 when President Biden traveled to Ukraine via Poland using the C-32 to avoid the publicity of the VC-25.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 2010s, the Air Force acquired a second set of four 757s for presidential transport, assigning them tail numbers 90015, 90016, 90017, and 90018. Service officials do not acknowledge that these aircraft exist, although they are routinely photographed in presidential service.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_94-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vice presidents have used a VC-25 on longer trips, using the <i><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Two" title="Air Force Two">Air Force Two</a></i> call sign.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The president regularly flies in helicopters (call sign <a href="/wiki/Marine_One" title="Marine One">Marine One</a>) operated by the U.S. Marine Corps.<sup id="cite_ref-NatGeo_On_Board_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NatGeo_On_Board-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aircraft_on_display">Aircraft on display</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Aircraft on display"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lockheed_JetStar_Air_One_on_Display.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/25/Lockheed_JetStar_Air_One_on_Display.jpg/220px-Lockheed_JetStar_Air_One_on_Display.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/25/Lockheed_JetStar_Air_One_on_Display.jpg/330px-Lockheed_JetStar_Air_One_on_Display.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/25/Lockheed_JetStar_Air_One_on_Display.jpg/440px-Lockheed_JetStar_Air_One_on_Display.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_JetStar" title="Lockheed JetStar">Lockheed JetStar</a> used by President Johnson on display at the Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_George_W._Bush,_Mrs._Laura_Bush_and_Nancy_Reagan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/President_George_W._Bush%2C_Mrs._Laura_Bush_and_Nancy_Reagan.jpg/220px-President_George_W._Bush%2C_Mrs._Laura_Bush_and_Nancy_Reagan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/President_George_W._Bush%2C_Mrs._Laura_Bush_and_Nancy_Reagan.jpg/330px-President_George_W._Bush%2C_Mrs._Laura_Bush_and_Nancy_Reagan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/President_George_W._Bush%2C_Mrs._Laura_Bush_and_Nancy_Reagan.jpg/440px-President_George_W._Bush%2C_Mrs._Laura_Bush_and_Nancy_Reagan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>, First Lady <a href="/wiki/Laura_Bush" title="Laura Bush">Laura Bush</a>, and former first lady <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Reagan" title="Nancy Reagan">Nancy Reagan</a> toured <i><a href="/wiki/VC-137C_SAM_27000" title="VC-137C SAM 27000">SAM 27000</a></i>, housed at the <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Presidential_Library" title="Ronald Reagan Presidential Library">Ronald Reagan Presidential Library</a> in October 2005</figcaption></figure> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_JetStar" title="Lockheed JetStar">Lockheed JetStar</a> used by <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_Johnson" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyndon Johnson">Lyndon Johnson</a> during his presidency is on display at the LBJ Ranch (now the <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson_National_Historical_Park" title="Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park">Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Stonewall,_Texas" title="Stonewall, Texas">Stonewall, Texas</a>. The ranch's runway was too small to accommodate the Boeing 707, so President Johnson would fly it to <a href="/wiki/Bergstrom_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bergstrom AFB">Bergstrom AFB</a> in <a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a>, then transfer to the smaller JetStar for the short flight to the ranch.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another JetStar used during the Johnson presidency is on display at the <a href="/wiki/Hill_Aerospace_Museum" title="Hill Aerospace Museum">Hill Aerospace Museum</a> which uncovered presidential markings on the plane while stripping the paint for restoration.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_C-9" title="McDonnell Douglas C-9">McDonnell Douglas VC-9C</a> used by <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> is on display at <a href="/wiki/Castle_Air_Museum" title="Castle Air Museum">Castle Air Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Atwater,_California" title="Atwater, California">Atwater, California</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> next to the former <a href="/wiki/Castle_Air_Force_Base" title="Castle Air Force Base">Castle Air Force Base</a>. Another VC-9C has been at <a href="/wiki/Air_Mobility_Command_Museum" title="Air Mobility Command Museum">Air Mobility Command Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dover,_Delaware" title="Dover, Delaware">Dover, Delaware</a>, since 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>VC-137B <i>SAM 970</i>, used from 1959 to 1962 as Air Force One and until 1996 in the presidential fleet, is on display at <a href="/wiki/The_Museum_of_Flight" class="mw-redirect" title="The Museum of Flight">The Museum of Flight</a> in <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, Washington.<sup id="cite_ref-MoF_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoF-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_in_fiction#Boeing_747" title="Aircraft in fiction">Aircraft in fiction § Boeing 747</a></div> <p>A fictionalized version of Air Force One is depicted in the 1997 feature film <i><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_One_(film)" title="Air Force One (film)">Air Force One</a></i>. The cabin was built to scale and is as accurate as the production designers could possibly make it. "There weren’t any blueprints or floor plans available, so we had to watch CNN to see what the inside looked like," said the film’s director <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Petersen" title="Wolfgang Petersen">Wolfgang Petersen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1254th_Air_Transport_Wing" title="1254th Air Transport Wing">1254th Air Transport Wing</a> – military unit<span style="display:none" class="category-wikidata-fallback-annotation">Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/89th_Airlift_Wing" title="89th Airlift Wing">89th Airlift Wing</a> – Unit of US Air Force responsible for presidential and other top governmental official transport</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_transports_of_heads_of_state_and_government" title="Air transports of heads of state and government">Air transports of heads of state and government</a> – Aircraft used by presidents and prime ministers</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_One" title="Army One">Army One</a> – Air traffic control call sign of any US Army aircraft carrying the president of the United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_One" title="Marine One">Marine One</a> – Air traffic control call sign for any U.S. Marine Corps aircraft carrying the U.S. President</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navy_One" title="Navy One">Navy One</a> – Call sign of US Navy aircraft transporting the President of the United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_state_car_(United_States)" title="Presidential state car (United States)">Presidential state car (United States)</a> – Car for the president of the United States</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-The_White_House-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_White_House_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and 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Retrieved: 25 October 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarni2021" class="citation news cs1">Karni, Annie (5 February 2021). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/05/us/politics/biden-air-force-one.html">"After Years in Government, Biden Has a New Perk: Air Force One"</a></span>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210205170937/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/05/us/politics/biden-air-force-one.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 February</span> 2021</span>. <q>Mr. Biden rode on Air Force One on Friday afternoon, but not the one that has so delighted his predecessors. He jogged up the stairs of the Boeing 757-200, which is a smaller, narrow-body jet used for smaller airports like the one Mr. Biden was set to arrive at in Wilmington.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=After+Years+in+Government%2C+Biden+Has+a+New+Perk%3A+Air+Force+One&rft.date=2021-02-05&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Karni&rft.aufirst=Annie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F02%2F05%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fbiden-air-force-one.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAir+Force+One" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_94-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_94-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeisgerber2024" class="citation web cs1">Weisgerber, Marcus (17 January 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.defenseone.com/policy/2024/01/secret-history-air-force-one-shadow-fleet/393372/">"The secret history of the Air Force One shadow fleet"</a>. <i>Defense One</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Defense+One&rft.atitle=The+secret+history+of+the+Air+Force+One+shadow+fleet&rft.date=2024-01-17&rft.aulast=Weisgerber&rft.aufirst=Marcus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.defenseone.com%2Fpolicy%2F2024%2F01%2Fsecret-history-air-force-one-shadow-fleet%2F393372%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAir+Force+One" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-02-21/joe-biden-visit-to-ukraine-behind-the-scene-zelenskyy/102001514">"Sneaking the US president from DC to Kyiv: How Biden's surprise visit to Ukraine played out"</a>. <i>ABC News</i>. 20 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Sneaking+the+US+president+from+DC+to+Kyiv%3A+How+Biden%27s+surprise+visit+to+Ukraine+played+out&rft.date=2023-02-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2023-02-21%2Fjoe-biden-visit-to-ukraine-behind-the-scene-zelenskyy%2F102001514&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAir+Force+One" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2002/03/10/cheney.htm">"Cheney heads overseas to talk terrorism"</a>. <i>USA Today</i>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. 10 March 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Cheney+heads+overseas+to+talk+terrorism&rft.date=2002-03-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2F2002%2F03%2F10%2Fcheney.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAir+Force+One" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NatGeo_On_Board-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NatGeo_On_Board_97-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126225131/http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/channel/episodes/on-board-marine-one1/video/">"On Board Marine One, Presidential Fleet"</a>. <i>National Geographic</i>, 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aviationmuseum.eu/World/North_America/USA/Texas/Johnson_City/Lyndon_B._Johnson_Nat._Historical_Park.htm">"Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park"</a>. <i>Aviation Museums</i>. Retrieved: 7 July 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aerospaceutah.org/museum/our-collections/aircraft-collection/c-140b-jetstar/#:~:text=What%20is%20the%20C%2D140,as%20%E2%80%9CAir%20Force%20One.%E2%80%9D">"Lockheed C-140B JetStar"</a>. <i>aerospaceutah.org</i>. Hill Aerospace Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=aerospaceutah.org&rft.atitle=Lockheed+C-140B+JetStar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aerospaceutah.org%2Fmuseum%2Four-collections%2Faircraft-collection%2Fc-140b-jetstar%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DWhat%2520is%2520the%2520C%252D140%2Cas%2520%25E2%2580%259CAir%2520Force%2520One.%25E2%2580%259D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAir+Force+One" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.castleairmuseum.org/douglasvc9c/">"Douglas VC-9C | Castle Air Museum, Atwater & Merced"</a>. Castle Air Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Douglas+VC-9C+%7C+Castle+Air+Museum%2C+Atwater+%26+Merced&rft.pub=Castle+Air+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.castleairmuseum.org%2Fdouglasvc9c%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAir+Force+One" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amcmuseum.org/at-the-museum/aircraft/vc-9c/">"VC-9C"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Air_Mobility_Command_Museum" title="Air Mobility Command Museum">Air Mobility Command Museum</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Air+Mobility+Command+Museum&rft.atitle=VC-9C&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famcmuseum.org%2Fat-the-museum%2Faircraft%2Fvc-9c%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAir+Force+One" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ew.com/article/1997/08/01/air-force-one-reality-check/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Air Force One' reality check"</a>. <i>EW.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EW.com&rft.atitle=%27Air+Force+One%27+reality+check&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Few.com%2Farticle%2F1997%2F08%2F01%2Fair-force-one-reality-check%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAir+Force+One" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbbottRice1998" class="citation book cs1">Abbott, James A.; Rice, Elaine M. (1998). <i>Designing Camelot: The Kennedy White House Restoration</i>. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-442-02532-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-442-02532-7"><bdi>0-442-02532-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Designing+Camelot%3A+The+Kennedy+White+House+Restoration&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Van+Nostrand+Reinhold&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-442-02532-7&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=James+A.&rft.au=Rice%2C+Elaine+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAir+Force+One" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFterHorstAlbertazzie1979" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jerald_terHorst" title="Jerald terHorst">terHorst, Jerald</a>; Albertazzie, Ralph (1979). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/flyingwhitehouse00ter_evv"><i>The Flying White House: The Story of Air Force One</i></a></span>. New York: Coward: McCann & Geoghegan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-698-10930-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-698-10930-9"><bdi>0-698-10930-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Flying+White+House%3A+The+Story+of+Air+Force+One&rft.place=New+York%3A+Coward&rft.pub=McCann+%26+Geoghegan&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=0-698-10930-9&rft.aulast=terHorst&rft.aufirst=Jerald&rft.au=Albertazzie%2C+Ralph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fflyingwhitehouse00ter_evv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAir+Force+One" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonald1997" class="citation book cs1">Donald, David, ed. (1997). <i>The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft</i>. New York: Barnes & Noble Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7607-0592-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7607-0592-6"><bdi>978-0-7607-0592-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Encyclopedia+of+World+Aircraft&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Barnes+%26+Noble+Books&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-7607-0592-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAir+Force+One" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDorr2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Dorr" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Dorr">Dorr, Robert F.</a> (2002). <i>Air Force One</i>. St. Paul, Minnesota: Motorbooks International. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7603-1055-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-7603-1055-6"><bdi>0-7603-1055-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Air+Force+One&rft.place=St.+Paul%2C+Minnesota&rft.pub=Motorbooks+International&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-7603-1055-6&rft.aulast=Dorr&rft.aufirst=Robert+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAir+Force+One" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHardesty2003" class="citation book cs1">Hardesty, Von (2003). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/airforceone00vonh"><i>Air Force One: The Aircraft that Shaped the Modern Presidency</i></a></span>. Chanhassen, Minnesota: Northword Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55971-894-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-55971-894-3"><bdi>1-55971-894-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Air+Force+One%3A+The+Aircraft+that+Shaped+the+Modern+Presidency&rft.place=Chanhassen%2C+Minnesota&rft.pub=Northword+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-55971-894-3&rft.aulast=Hardesty&rft.aufirst=Von&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fairforceone00vonh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAir+Force+One" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarris2002" class="citation web cs1">Harris, Tom (23 May 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.howstuffworks.com/air-force-one.htm">"How Air Force One Works"</a>. <i>HowStuffWorks.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 October</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HowStuffWorks.com&rft.atitle=How+Air+Force+One+Works&rft.date=2002-05-23&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.howstuffworks.com%2Fair-force-one.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAir+Force+One" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson1971" class="citation book cs1">Johnson, Lyndon Baines (1971). <i>The Vantage Point: Perspectives of the Presidency, 1963–1969</i>. New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-03084-492-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-03084-492-8"><bdi>978-0-03084-492-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Vantage+Point%3A+Perspectives+of+the+Presidency%2C+1963%E2%80%931969&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Holt%2C+Rinehart%2C+%26+Winston&rft.date=1971&rft.isbn=978-0-03084-492-8&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Lyndon+Baines&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAir+Force+One" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalsh2003" class="citation book cs1">Walsh, Kenneth T (2003). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/airforceonehisto00wals"><i>Air Force One: A History of the Presidents and Their Planes</i></a></span>. New York: Hyperion. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4013-0004-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-4013-0004-9"><bdi>1-4013-0004-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Air+Force+One%3A+A+History+of+the+Presidents+and+Their+Planes&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Hyperion&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-4013-0004-9&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=Kenneth+T&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fairforceonehisto00wals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAir+Force+One" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_One&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_One" class="extiw" title="commons:Air Force One"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Air Force One</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.af.mil/AboutUs/FactSheets/Display/tabid/224/Article/104588/vc-25-air-force-one.aspx">VC-25 – Air Force One Fact Sheet on US Air Force site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070212152936/http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=570">SAM 26000 fact sheet on the National Museum of the United States Air Force site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070118215307/http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/exhibits/presidential/index.asp">Presidential Gallery, featuring Boeing VC-137C known as SAM (Special Air Mission) 26000</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090122232607/http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/air_force_one/">Air Force One page on WhiteHouse.gov</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040812061849/http://www.707sim.com/air-force-one.html">Facts and History of 707 as Air Force One and "Where they are Now?" on 707sim.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehousemuseum.org/special/AF1/index.htm">Air Force One page on WhiteHouseMuseum.org</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100527042124/http://www.whitehousemuseum.org/special/AF1/index.htm">Archived</a> 27 May 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090212062204/http://reaganfoundation.org/airforceone/">Air Force One Pavilion on ReaganFoundation.org</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trumanlibrary.org/photographs/search.php?access=selectbycategory&keywords=Presidential+aircraft">Truman Library & Museum</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140502021748/http://www.trumanlibrary.org/photographs/search.php?access=selectbycategory&keywords=Presidential+aircraft">Archived</a> 2 May 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.af.mil/photos/index.asp?galleryID=55">US Air Force image gallery</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boeing.com/defense/air-force-one/index.page">Air Force One page on Boeing site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.0x4d.net/files/AF1/">Technical Order 00-105E-9, Segment 9, Chapter 7</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130927125802/http://www.air-force-one.fr/">Air Force One page on air-force-one.fr</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Callsigns_of_aircraft_carrying_the_president_and_vice_president_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:U.S._presidential_call_signs" title="Template:U.S. presidential call signs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:U.S._presidential_call_signs" title="Template talk:U.S. presidential call signs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:U.S._presidential_call_signs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:U.S. presidential call signs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Callsigns_of_aircraft_carrying_the_president_and_vice_president_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Callsigns of <a href="/wiki/Air_transports_of_heads_of_state_and_government" title="Air transports of heads of state and government">aircraft carrying</a> the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">vice president</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6336" data-file-height="4992" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Army_One" title="Army One">Army One</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6336" data-file-height="4992" /></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Air Force One</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="520" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Navy_One" title="Navy One">Navy One</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="5940" data-file-height="4680" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Marine_One" title="Marine One">Marine One</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="803" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_One" title="Coast Guard One">Coast Guard One</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Flag_of_the_United_States_Space_Force.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Space_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Flag_of_the_United_States_Space_Force.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Space_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Flag_of_the_United_States_Space_Force.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Space_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="708" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Space_Force_One" class="mw-redirect" title="Space Force One">Space Force One</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="942" data-file-height="651" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Executive_One" title="Executive One">Executive One</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6336" data-file-height="4992" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Army_One" title="Army One">Army Two</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6336" data-file-height="4992" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Two" title="Air Force Two">Air Force Two</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="520" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Navy_One" title="Navy One">Navy Two</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="5940" data-file-height="4680" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Marine_One" title="Marine One">Marine Two</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="803" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_One" title="Coast Guard One">Coast Guard Two</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Flag_of_the_United_States_Space_Force.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Space_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Flag_of_the_United_States_Space_Force.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Space_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Flag_of_the_United_States_Space_Force.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Space_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="708" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Space_Force_One" class="mw-redirect" title="Space Force One"> Space Force Two</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_Vice_President_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Vice_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_Vice_President_of_the_United_States.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Vice_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_Vice_President_of_the_United_States.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Vice_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6336" data-file-height="4992" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Executive_One" title="Executive One">Executive Two</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/89th_Airlift_Wing" title="89th Airlift Wing">89th Airlift Wing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_VC-25" title="Boeing VC-25">VC-25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-32" title="Boeing C-32">C-32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-40_Clipper" title="Boeing C-40 Clipper">C-40</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMX-1" title="HMX-1">HMX-1</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell_UH-1N_Twin_Huey" title="Bell UH-1N Twin Huey">VH-1N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_SH-3_Sea_King" title="Sikorsky SH-3 Sea King">VH-3A/D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_H-34" title="Sikorsky H-34">VH-34D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_UH-60_Black_Hawk" title="Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk">VH-60N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_VH-92_Patriot" title="Sikorsky VH-92 Patriot">VH-92</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_of_the_president_of_the_United_States" title="Transportation of the president of the United States">Transportation of the president of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Transportation_Agency" title="White House Transportation Agency">White House Transportation Agency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_Air_Force" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_Air_Force" title="Template:United States Air Force"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_Air_Force" title="Template talk:United States Air Force"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_Air_Force" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States Air Force"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_Air_Force" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Department of the Air Force">Department of the Air Force</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Secretary of the Air Force">Secretary of the Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Under_Secretary_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Under Secretary of the Air Force">Under Secretary of the Air Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Staff_(United_States)" title="Air Staff (United States)">Air Staff</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force">Chief of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chief_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Vice Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force">Vice Chief of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Director of Staff of the United States Air Force">Director of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Master_Sergeant_of_the_Air_Force" title="Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force">Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_four-star_generals" title="List of United States Air Force four-star generals">Four-star generals</a></li> <li>Three-star generals <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_generals_in_the_United_States_Air_Force_before_1960" title="List of lieutenant generals in the United States Air Force before 1960">1940–1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_lieutenant_generals_from_2000_to_2009" title="List of United States Air Force lieutenant generals from 2000 to 2009">2000–2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_lieutenant_generals_from_2010_to_2019" title="List of United States Air Force lieutenant generals from 2010 to 2019">2010–2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_lieutenant_generals_since_2020" title="List of United States Air Force lieutenant generals since 2020">2020–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States House Committee on Armed Services">House Armed Services Committee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Tactical_Air_and_Land_Forces" title="United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Tactical Air and Land Forces">House Subcommittee on Tactical Air and Land Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Strategic_Forces" title="United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces">House Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States Senate Committee on Armed Services">Senate Committee on Armed Services</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Airland" title="United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Airland">Senate Subcommittee on Airland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Strategic_Forces" title="United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces">Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Military_service_mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/80px-Military_service_mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Military_service_mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/120px-Military_service_mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Military_service_mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/160px-Military_service_mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Structure of the United States Air Force">Structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Reserve_Command" title="Air Force Reserve Command">Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_National_Guard" title="Air National Guard">Air National Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_Field_Operating_Agencies" title="List of United States Air Force Field Operating Agencies">Field Operating Agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_installations" title="List of United States Air Force installations">Installations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Direct Reporting Units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_District_of_Washington" title="Air Force District of Washington">District of Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Operational_Test_and_Evaluation_Center" title="Air Force Operational Test and Evaluation Center">Operational Test and Evaluation Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Academy" title="United States Air Force Academy">USAF Academy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_major_commands_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of major commands of the United States Air Force">Major commands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Combat_Command" title="Air Combat Command">ACC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Education_and_Training_Command" title="Air Education and Training Command">AETC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command" title="Air Force Global Strike Command">AFGSC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Materiel_Command" title="Air Force Materiel Command">AFMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Reserve_Command" title="Air Force Reserve Command">AFRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command" title="Air Force Special Operations Command">AFSOC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Mobility_Command" title="Air Mobility Command">AMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Air_Forces" title="Pacific Air Forces">PACAF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Forces_in_Europe_%E2%80%93_Air_Forces_Africa" title="United States Air Forces in Europe – Air Forces Africa">USAFE–AFAFRICA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Numbered_Air_Force" title="Numbered Air Force">Numbered Air Forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Air_Force" title="First Air Force">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Air_Force" title="Second Air Force">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Air_Force" title="Third Air Force">Third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Air_Force" title="Fourth Air Force">Fourth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Air_Force" title="Fifth Air Force">Fifth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Air_Force" title="Seventh Air Force">Seventh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Air_Force" title="Eighth Air Force">Eighth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Air_Force" title="Ninth Air Force">Ninth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Air_Force" title="Tenth Air Force">Tenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Air_Force" title="Eleventh Air Force">Eleventh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Air_Force" title="Twelfth Air Force">Twelfth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Expeditionary_Air_Force" title="Thirteenth Expeditionary Air Force">Thirteenth Expeditionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_Air_Force" title="Fifteenth Air Force">Fifteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixteenth_Air_Force" title="Sixteenth Air Force">Sixteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Air_Force" title="Eighteenth Air Force">Eighteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Air_Force" title="Nineteenth Air Force">Nineteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Air_Force" title="Twentieth Air Force">Twentieth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-Second_Air_Force" title="Twenty-Second Air Force">Twenty-Second</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wings_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of wings of the United States Air Force">Wings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_groups_and_wings_of_the_United_States_Air_National_Guard" title="List of groups and wings of the United States Air National Guard">ANG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_Groups" title="List of United States Air Force Groups">Groups</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_groups_and_wings_of_the_United_States_Air_National_Guard" title="List of groups and wings of the United States Air National Guard">ANG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_squadrons" title="List of United States Air Force squadrons">Squadrons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_National_Guard_Squadrons" title="List of United States Air National Guard Squadrons">ANG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces_squadrons" title="List of United States Air Force Security Forces squadrons">Security Forces</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reserve_components_of_the_United_States_Armed_Forces#Civilian_auxiliaries_distinguished" title="Reserve components of the United States Armed Forces">Civilian auxiliary</a>: <a href="/wiki/Civil_Air_Patrol" title="Civil Air Patrol">Civil Air Patrol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Personnel and<br /> training</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_personnel" title="List of United States Air Force personnel">Personnel</a></li> <li>Rank <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_officer_rank_insignia" title="United States Air Force officer rank insignia">officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Academy_Cadet_Insignia" title="United States Air Force Academy Cadet Insignia">cadets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_enlisted_rank_insignia" title="United States Air Force enlisted rank insignia">enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Specialty_Code" title="Air Force Specialty Code">Specialty Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Air_Force_aeronautical_rating" title="U.S. Air Force aeronautical rating">Aeronautical ratings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Judge_Advocate_General%27s_Corps" title="United States Air Force Judge Advocate General's Corps">Judge Advocate General's Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_Engineer_Deployable_Heavy_Operational_Repair_Squadron_Engineers" title="Rapid Engineer Deployable Heavy Operational Repair Squadron Engineers">RED HORSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces" title="United States Air Force Security Forces">Security Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Medical_Service" title="United States Air Force Medical Service">Medical Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Chaplains_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Chief of Chaplains of the United States Air Force">Chief of Chaplains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Scientist_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Chief Scientist of the United States Air Force">Chief Scientist</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Training: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Academy" title="United States Air Force Academy">Air Force Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Officer_Training_School" title="Air Force Officer Training School">Officer Training School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Reserve_Officer_Training_Corps" title="Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps">Reserve Officer Training Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Basic_Military_Training" title="United States Air Force Basic Military Training">Basic Training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airman_Leadership_School" title="Airman Leadership School">Airman Leadership School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival,_Evasion,_Resistance_and_Escape" title="Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape">SERE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Fitness_Assessment" title="United States Air Force Fitness Assessment">Fitness Assessment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Uniforms and<br /> equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_decorations_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="Awards and decorations of the United States Department of the Air Force">Awards and decorations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badges_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Badges of the United States Air Force">Badges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of equipment of the United States Air Force">Equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force#Aircraft_inventory" title="United States Air Force">Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Uniforms of the United States Air Force">Uniforms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">History and<br /> traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="History of the United States Air Force">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeronautical_Division,_U.S._Signal_Corps" title="Aeronautical Division, U.S. Signal Corps">Aeronautical Division</a> / <a href="/wiki/Aviation_Section,_U.S._Signal_Corps" title="Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps">Aviation Section</a> / <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Military_Aeronautics" title="Division of Military Aeronautics">Division of Military Aeronautics</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Service" title="United States Army Air Service">Army Air Service</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Corps" title="United States Army Air Corps">Army Air Corps</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">Army Air Forces</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_U.S._Air_Force_(song)" title="The U.S. Air Force (song)">The U.S. Air Force</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Band" title="United States Air Force Band">Air Force Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airman%27s_Creed" title="Airman's Creed">Airman's Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force#Core_missions" title="United States Air Force">Core Values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Flag of the United States Air Force">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Symbol" title="United States Air Force Symbol">Symbol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Memorial" title="United States Air Force Memorial">Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="National Museum of the United States Air Force">National Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_Airforce_Service_Pilots" title="Women Airforce Service Pilots">Women Airforce Service Pilots</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Air Force One</a> / <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Two" title="Air Force Two">Air Force Two</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Honor_Guard" title="United States Air Force Honor Guard">Honor Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Thunderbirds" title="United States Air Force Thunderbirds">Thunderbirds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_number_(United_States_Air_Force)" title="Service number (United States Air Force)">Service numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_%26_Space_Forces_Association" title="Air & Space Forces Association">Air & Space Forces Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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