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Available in 34 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="علم الفلك داخل المجري – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علم الفلك داخل المجري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C9%99za_astronomiyas%C4%B1" title="Fəza astronomiyası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fəza astronomiyası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="ছায়াপথীয় জ্যোতির্বিজ্ঞান – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ছায়াপথীয় জ্যোতির্বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Галактычная астраномія – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Галактычная астраномія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia_gal%C3%A0ctica" title="Astronomia galàctica – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Astronomia galàctica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95" title="Галактика астрономийĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Галактика астрономийĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktick%C3%A1_astronomie" title="Galaktická astronomie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Galaktická astronomie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktische_Astronomie" title="Galaktische Astronomie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Galaktische Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom%C3%ADa_gal%C3%A1ctica" title="Astronomía galáctica – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Astronomía galáctica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%87%DA%A9%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="اخترشناسی کهکشانی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اخترشناسی کهکشانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomie_galactique" title="Astronomie galactique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Astronomie galactique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%80%ED%95%98%EC%B2%9C%EB%AC%B8%ED%95%99" title="은하천문학 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="은하천문학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galakti%C4%8Dka_astronomija" title="Galaktička astronomija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Galaktička astronomija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi_galaksi" title="Astronomi galaksi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Astronomi galaksi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia_galattica" title="Astronomia galattica – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Astronomia galattica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA" title="אסטרונומיה גלקטית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אסטרונומיה גלקטית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia_galactica" title="Astronomia galactica – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Astronomia galactica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Галактичка астрономија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Галактичка астрономија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi_galaksi" title="Astronomi galaksi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Astronomi galaksi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8A%80%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="銀河天文学 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="銀河天文学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktisk_astronomi" title="Galaktisk astronomi – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Galaktisk astronomi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktika_astronomiyasi" title="Galaktika astronomiyasi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Galaktika astronomiyasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia_gal%C3%A1ctica" title="Astronomia galáctica – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Astronomia galáctica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomie_galactic%C4%83" title="Astronomie galactică – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Astronomie galactică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Галактическая астрономия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Галактическая астрономия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktick%C3%A1_astron%C3%B3mia" title="Galaktická astronómia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Galaktická astronómia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galakti%C4%8Dka_astronomija" title="Galaktička astronomija – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Galaktička astronomija" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galakti%C4%8Dka_astronomija" title="Galaktička astronomija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Galaktička astronomija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktinen_t%C3%A4htitiede" title="Galaktinen tähtitiede – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Galaktinen tähtitiede" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3" title="ดาราศาสตร์ดาราจักร – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดาราศาสตร์ดาราจักร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktik_astronomi" title="Galaktik astronomi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Galaktik astronomi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Галактична астрономія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Галактична астрономія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thi%C3%AAn_v%C4%83n_h%E1%BB%8Dc_Ng%C3%A2n_H%C3%A0" title="Thiên văn học Ngân Hà – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thiên văn học Ngân Hà" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8A%80%E6%B2%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="銀河系天文學 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="銀河系天文學" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q58908#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Galactic_astronomy" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Study of the Milky Way galaxy and its contents</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Artist%27s_impression_of_the_Milky_Way_(updated_-_annotated).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Artist%27s_impression_of_the_Milky_Way_%28updated_-_annotated%29.jpg/300px-Artist%27s_impression_of_the_Milky_Way_%28updated_-_annotated%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Artist%27s_impression_of_the_Milky_Way_%28updated_-_annotated%29.jpg/450px-Artist%27s_impression_of_the_Milky_Way_%28updated_-_annotated%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Artist%27s_impression_of_the_Milky_Way_%28updated_-_annotated%29.jpg/600px-Artist%27s_impression_of_the_Milky_Way_%28updated_-_annotated%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5600" data-file-height="5600" /></a><figcaption>An artist's conception of the <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Galactic astronomy</b> is the study of the <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a> galaxy and all its contents. This is in contrast to <a href="/wiki/Extragalactic_astronomy" title="Extragalactic astronomy">extragalactic astronomy</a>, which is the study of everything outside our galaxy, including all other galaxies. </p><p>Galactic astronomy should not be confused with <a href="/wiki/Galaxy_formation_and_evolution" title="Galaxy formation and evolution">galaxy formation and evolution</a>, which is the general study of <a href="/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy">galaxies</a>, their formation, structure, components, dynamics, interactions, and the range of forms they take. </p><p>The Milky Way galaxy, where the <a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a> is located, is in many ways the best-studied galaxy, although important parts of it are obscured from view in visible <a href="/wiki/Wavelength" title="Wavelength">wavelengths</a> by regions of <a href="/wiki/Cosmic_dust" title="Cosmic dust">cosmic dust</a>. The development of <a href="/wiki/Radio_astronomy" title="Radio astronomy">radio astronomy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Infrared_astronomy" title="Infrared astronomy">infrared astronomy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Submillimetre_astronomy" title="Submillimetre astronomy">submillimetre astronomy</a> in the 20th century allowed the gas and dust of the Milky Way to be mapped for the first time. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subcategories">Subcategories</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galactic_astronomy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Subcategories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A standard set of subcategories is used by astronomical journals to split up the subject of Galactic Astronomy:<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ol><li>abundances – the study of the location of elements heavier than helium</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_bulge" title="Galactic bulge">bulge</a> – the study of the bulge around the center of the Milky Way</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_Center" title="Galactic Center">center</a> – the study of the central region of the Milky Way</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thick_disk" title="Thick disk">disk</a> – the study of the Milky Way disk (the plane upon which most galactic objects are aligned)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_formation_and_evolution" title="Galaxy formation and evolution">evolution</a> – the evolution of the Milky Way</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_formation_and_evolution" title="Galaxy formation and evolution">formation</a> – the formation of the Milky Way</li> <li>fundamental parameters – the fundamental parameters of the Milky Way (mass, size etc.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_globular_clusters" title="List of globular clusters">globular cluster</a> – <a href="/wiki/Globular_cluster" title="Globular cluster">globular clusters</a> within the Milky Way</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_halo" title="Galactic halo">halo</a> – the large halo around the Milky Way</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_kinematics" title="Stellar kinematics">kinematics, and dynamics</a> – the motions of stars and clusters</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_nucleus" class="mw-redirect" title="Galactic nucleus">nucleus</a> – the region around the <a href="/wiki/Black_hole" title="Black hole">black hole</a> at the center of the Milky Way (<a href="/wiki/Sagittarius_A*" title="Sagittarius A*">Sagittarius A*</a>)</li> <li>open clusters and associations – <a href="/wiki/Open_cluster" title="Open cluster">open clusters</a> and associations of stars</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_neighborhood" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar neighborhood">Solar neighborhood</a> – <a href="/wiki/List_of_nearest_stars_and_brown_dwarfs" class="mw-redirect" title="List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs">nearby stars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stars" class="mw-redirect" title="List of stars">stellar content</a> – numbers and types of stars in the Milky Way</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_formation_and_evolution" title="Galaxy formation and evolution">structure</a> – the structure (spiral arms etc.)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stellar_populations">Stellar populations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galactic_astronomy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Stellar populations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_cluster" title="Star cluster">Star clusters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Globular_cluster" title="Globular cluster">Globular clusters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_cluster" title="Open cluster">Open clusters</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Interstellar_medium">Interstellar medium</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galactic_astronomy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Interstellar medium"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outer_space#Interplanetary_space" title="Outer space">Interplanetary space</a> - <a href="/wiki/Interplanetary_medium" title="Interplanetary medium">Interplanetary medium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Interplanetary_dust_cloud" title="Interplanetary dust cloud">interplanetary dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outer_space#Interstellar_space" title="Outer space">Interstellar space</a> - <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_medium" title="Interstellar medium">Interstellar medium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Cosmic_dust" title="Cosmic dust">interstellar dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outer_space#Intergalactic_space" title="Outer space">Intergalactic space</a> - <a href="/wiki/Outer_space#Intergalactic_space" title="Outer space">Intergalactic medium</a> - <a href="/wiki/Intergalactic_dust" title="Intergalactic dust">Intergalactic dust</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galactic_astronomy&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy">Galaxy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extragalactic_astronomy" title="Extragalactic astronomy">Extragalactic astronomy</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galactic_astronomy&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171222051555/https://science-train.com/w/Galactic_astronomy/Subcategories.html">"Galactic Astronomy - Subcategories | The English knowledge database"</a>. <i>science-train.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science-train.com/w/Galactic_astronomy/Subcategories.html">the original</a> on 2017-12-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Astronomy_navbox" title="Template talk:Astronomy navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Astronomy_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Astronomy navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Astronomy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">Astronomy</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_astronomy" title="Outline of astronomy">Outline</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_astronomy" title="Timeline of astronomy">Timeline</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astronomer" title="Astronomer">Astronomer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_symbols" title="Astronomical symbols">Astronomical symbols</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_object" title="Astronomical object">Astronomical object</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_astronomy" title="Glossary of astronomy">Glossary</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_topics_in_space" title="List of topics in space">... in space</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Astronomy by</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Manner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Amateur_astronomy" title="Amateur astronomy">Amateur</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Observational_astronomy" title="Observational astronomy">Observational</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidewalk_astronomy" title="Sidewalk astronomy">Sidewalk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Space_telescope" title="Space telescope">Space telescope</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Celestial subject</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Galactic</a> / <a href="/wiki/Extragalactic_astronomy" title="Extragalactic astronomy">Extragalactic</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Local system</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Solar</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">EM methods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Radio_astronomy" title="Radio astronomy">Radio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Submillimetre_astronomy" title="Submillimetre astronomy">Submillimetre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Infrared_astronomy" title="Infrared astronomy">Infrared</a> (<span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Far-infrared_astronomy" title="Far-infrared astronomy">Far-infrared</a></span>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Visible-light_astronomy" title="Visible-light astronomy">Visible-light <span style="font-size:85%;">(optical)</span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet_astronomy" title="Ultraviolet astronomy">Ultraviolet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/X-ray_astronomy" title="X-ray astronomy">X-ray</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/History_of_X-ray_astronomy" title="History of X-ray astronomy">History</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gamma-ray_astronomy" title="Gamma-ray astronomy">Gamma-ray</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Other methods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Neutrino_astronomy" title="Neutrino astronomy">Neutrino</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_ray_astronomy" title="Cosmic ray astronomy">Cosmic rays</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gravitational-wave_astronomy" title="Gravitational-wave astronomy">Gravitational radiation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/High-energy_astronomy" title="High-energy astronomy">High-energy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Radar_astronomy" title="Radar astronomy">Radar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Spherical_astronomy" title="Spherical astronomy">Spherical</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Multi-messenger_astronomy" title="Multi-messenger astronomy">Multi-messenger</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_astronomy" title="Cultural astronomy">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_astronomy" title="Australian Aboriginal astronomy">Australian Aboriginal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_astronomy" title="Babylonian astronomy">Babylonian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_astronomy" title="Chinese astronomy">Chinese</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_astronomy" title="Egyptian astronomy">Egyptian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_astronomy" title="Ancient Greek astronomy">Greek</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_astronomy" title="Hebrew astronomy">Hebrew</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Indian_astronomy" title="Indian astronomy">Indian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Inuit_astronomy" title="Inuit astronomy">Inuit</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maya_astronomy" title="Maya astronomy">Maya</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astronomy_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" title="Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world">Medieval Islamic</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Persian_astronomy" title="Persian astronomy">Persian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astronomy_in_Serbia" title="Astronomy in Serbia">Serbian</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Serbian_folk_astronomy" title="Serbian folk astronomy">folk</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_astronomy" title="Tibetan astronomy">Tibetan</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Optical_telescope" title="Optical telescope">Optical<br />telescopes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_optical_telescopes" title="List of optical telescopes">List</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Category:Telescopes" title="Category:Telescopes">Category</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Extremely_large_telescope" title="Extremely large telescope">Extremely large telescope</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Extremely_Large_Telescope" title="Extremely Large Telescope">Extremely Large Telescope</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gran_Telescopio_Canarias" title="Gran Telescopio Canarias">Gran Telescopio Canarias</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hale_Telescope" title="Hale Telescope">Hale Telescope</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble Space Telescope</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/W._M._Keck_Observatory" title="W. M. Keck Observatory">Keck Observatory</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Large_Binocular_Telescope" title="Large Binocular Telescope">Large Binocular Telescope</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Southern_African_Large_Telescope" title="Southern African Large Telescope">Southern African Large Telescope</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Very_Large_Telescope" title="Very Large Telescope">Very Large Telescope</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Archaeoastronomy" title="Archaeoastronomy">Archaeoastronomy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astrobiology" title="Astrobiology">Astrobiology</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astrochemistry" title="Astrochemistry">Astrochemistry</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astroinformatics" title="Astroinformatics">Astroinformatics</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astrophysics" title="Astrophysics">Astrophysics</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astrology_and_astronomy" title="Astrology and astronomy">Astrology and astronomy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astrometry" title="Astrometry">Astrometry</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Astronomers_Monument" title="Astronomers Monument">Astronomers Monument</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astroparticle_physics" title="Astroparticle physics">Astroparticle physics</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Binoculars" title="Binoculars">Binoculars</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">Constellation</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/IAU_designated_constellations" title="IAU designated constellations">IAU</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Photometry_(astronomy)" title="Photometry (astronomy)">Photometry</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Planetarium" title="Planetarium">Planetarium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Planetary_geology" title="Planetary geology">Planetary geology</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Physical_cosmology" title="Physical cosmology">Physical cosmology</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Quantum_cosmology" title="Quantum cosmology">Quantum cosmology</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_astronomers" title="List of astronomers">List of astronomers</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_astronomers" title="List of French astronomers">French</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Astronomy_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world#Notable_astronomers" title="Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world">Medieval Islamic</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_astronomers_and_astrophysicists" title="List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists">Russian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_women_astronomers" title="List of women astronomers">Women</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Telescope" title="Telescope">Telescope</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/X-ray_telescope" title="X-ray telescope">X-ray telescope</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_telescope" title="History of the telescope">history</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_telescopes" title="Lists of telescopes">lists</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zodiac" title="Zodiac">Zodiac</a></span></li></ul> 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disc_galaxy" title="Disc galaxy">Disc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenticular_galaxy" title="Lenticular galaxy">Lenticular</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barred_lenticular_galaxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Barred lenticular galaxy">barred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unbarred_lenticular_galaxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Unbarred lenticular galaxy">unbarred</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiral_galaxy" title="Spiral galaxy">Spiral</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anemic_galaxy" title="Anemic galaxy">anemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barred_spiral_galaxy" title="Barred spiral galaxy">barred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flocculent_spiral_galaxy" title="Flocculent spiral galaxy">flocculent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_design_spiral_galaxy" title="Grand design spiral galaxy">grand design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermediate_spiral_galaxy" title="Intermediate spiral galaxy">intermediate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magellanic_spiral" title="Magellanic spiral">Magellanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unbarred_spiral_galaxy" title="Unbarred spiral galaxy">unbarred</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_galaxy" title="Dwarf galaxy">Dwarf galaxy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_elliptical_galaxy" title="Dwarf elliptical galaxy">elliptical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_galaxy#Common_dwarf_galaxy_types" title="Dwarf galaxy">irregular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_spheroidal_galaxy" title="Dwarf spheroidal galaxy">spheroidal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_spiral_galaxy" title="Dwarf spiral galaxy">spiral</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliptical_galaxy" title="Elliptical galaxy">Elliptical galaxy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Type-cD_galaxy" title="Type-cD galaxy">cD</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irregular_galaxy" title="Irregular galaxy">Irregular</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barred_irregular_galaxy" title="Barred irregular galaxy">barred</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peculiar_galaxy" title="Peculiar galaxy">Peculiar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_galaxy" title="Ring galaxy">Ring</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polar-ring_galaxy" title="Polar-ring galaxy">Polar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Structure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Active_galactic_nucleus" title="Active galactic nucleus">Active galactic nucleus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barred_spiral_galaxy" title="Barred spiral galaxy">Bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_bulge" title="Galactic bulge">Bulge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_massive_object" title="Central massive object">Central massive object</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_Center" title="Galactic Center">Galactic Center</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_matter_halo" title="Dark matter halo">Dark matter halo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_disc" title="Galactic disc">Disc</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disc_galaxy" title="Disc galaxy">Disc galaxy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_halo" title="Galactic halo">Halo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_corona" title="Galactic corona">corona</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_plane" title="Galactic plane">Galactic plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_ridge" title="Galactic ridge">Galactic ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_medium" title="Interstellar medium">Interstellar medium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protogalaxy" title="Protogalaxy">Protogalaxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_filament" title="Galaxy filament">Galaxy filament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiral_galaxy#Spiral_arms" title="Spiral galaxy">Spiral arm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supermassive_black_hole" title="Supermassive black hole">Supermassive black hole</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ultramassive_black_hole" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultramassive black hole">Ultramassive</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Active_galactic_nucleus" title="Active galactic nucleus">Active nuclei</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blazar" title="Blazar">Blazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low-ionization_nuclear_emission-line_region" title="Low-ionization nuclear emission-line region">LINER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markarian_galaxies" title="Markarian galaxies">Markarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quasar" title="Quasar">Quasar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BL_Lacertae_object" title="BL Lacertae object">BL Lacertae object</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_galaxy" title="Radio galaxy">Radio</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/X-shaped_radio_galaxy" title="X-shaped radio galaxy">X-shaped</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DRAGN" class="mw-redirect" title="DRAGN">DRAGN</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrophysical_jet#Relativistic_jet" title="Astrophysical jet">Relativistic jet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seyfert_galaxy" title="Seyfert galaxy">Seyfert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Energetic galaxies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyman-alpha_emitter" title="Lyman-alpha emitter">Lyman-alpha emitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman-break_galaxy" title="Lyman-break galaxy">Lyman-break</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luminous_infrared_galaxy" title="Luminous infrared galaxy">Luminous infrared</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ULIRG" class="mw-redirect" title="ULIRG">ULIRG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HLIRG" class="mw-redirect" title="HLIRG">HLIRG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ELIRG" class="mw-redirect" title="ELIRG">ELIRG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starburst_galaxy" title="Starburst galaxy">Starburst</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_galaxy#Blue_compact_dwarf_galaxies" title="Dwarf galaxy">blue compact dwarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pea_galaxy" title="Pea galaxy">pea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faint_blue_galaxy" title="Faint blue galaxy">faint blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luminous_infrared_galaxy" title="Luminous infrared galaxy">Luminous infrared galaxy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot,_dust-obscured_galaxy" title="Hot, dust-obscured galaxy">Hot dust-obscured</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_bean_galaxy" title="Green bean galaxy">Green bean galaxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanny%27s_Voorwerp" title="Hanny's Voorwerp">Hanny's Voorwerp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf-Rayet_galaxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolf-Rayet galaxy">Wolf-Rayet galaxy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Low activity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Low_surface_brightness_galaxy" title="Low surface brightness galaxy">Low surface brightness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_diffuse_galaxy" title="Ultra diffuse galaxy">Ultra diffuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_galaxy" title="Dark galaxy">Dark galaxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_nugget" title="Red nugget">Red nugget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Nugget" title="Blue Nugget">Blue Nugget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dead_disk" title="Dead disk">Dead disk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Interaction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Field_galaxy" title="Field galaxy">Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_tide" title="Galactic tide">Galactic tide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_groups_and_clusters" title="Galaxy groups and clusters">Groups and clusters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_group" title="Galaxy group">group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_cluster" title="Galaxy cluster">cluster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brightest_cluster_galaxy" title="Brightest cluster galaxy">Brightest cluster galaxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fossil_galaxy_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Fossil galaxy group">fossil group</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interacting_galaxy" title="Interacting galaxy">Interacting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_merger" title="Galaxy merger">merger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_collision" class="mw-redirect" title="Galaxy collision">collision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_cannibalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Galactic cannibalism">cannibalism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jellyfish_galaxy" title="Jellyfish galaxy">Jellyfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_galaxy" title="Satellite galaxy">Satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_kinematics#Stellar_streams" title="Stellar kinematics">Stellar stream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supercluster" title="Supercluster">Superclusters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_filament" title="Galaxy filament">Walls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Void_(astronomy)" title="Void (astronomy)">Voids and supervoids</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Void_galaxy" title="Void galaxy">void galaxy</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_galaxies" title="Lists of galaxies">Lists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_galaxies" title="List of galaxies">Galaxies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_astronomical_objects_named_after_people#Galaxies" title="List of astronomical objects named after people">Galaxies named after people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_galaxies" title="List of largest galaxies">Largest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nearest_galaxies" title="List of nearest galaxies">Nearest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_polar-ring_galaxies" title="List of polar-ring galaxies">Polar-ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ring_galaxies" title="List of ring galaxies">Ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spiral_galaxies" title="List of spiral galaxies">Spiral</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_galaxy_groups_and_clusters" title="List of galaxy groups and clusters">Groups and clusters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Large_quasar_group#List_of_LQGs" title="Large quasar group">Large quasar groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_quasars" title="List of quasars">Quasars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_most_distant_astronomical_objects" title="List of the most distant astronomical objects">List of the most distant astronomical objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starburst_galaxies" class="mw-redirect" title="Starburst galaxies">Starburst galaxies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supercluster#List_of_superclusters" title="Supercluster">Superclusters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_voids" title="List of voids">Voids</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extragalactic_astronomy" title="Extragalactic astronomy">Extragalactic astronomy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Galactic astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_coordinate_system" title="Galactic coordinate system">Galactic coordinate system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_habitable_zone" title="Galactic habitable zone">Galactic habitable zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_magnetic_fields" class="mw-redirect" title="Galactic magnetic fields">Galactic magnetic fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_orientation" title="Galactic orientation">Galactic orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_quadrant" title="Galactic quadrant">Galactic quadrant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_color%E2%80%93magnitude_diagram" title="Galaxy color–magnitude diagram">Galaxy color–magnitude diagram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_formation_and_evolution" title="Galaxy formation and evolution">Galaxy formation and evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_rotation_curve" title="Galaxy rotation curve">Galaxy rotation curve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravitational_lens" title="Gravitational lens">Gravitational lens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravitational_microlensing" title="Gravitational microlensing">Gravitational microlensing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illustris_project" title="Illustris project">Illustris project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intergalactic_dust" title="Intergalactic dust">Intergalactic dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intergalactic_star" title="Intergalactic star">Intergalactic stars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intergalactic_travel" title="Intergalactic travel">Intergalactic travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metallicity#Population_IIIstars" title="Metallicity">Population III stars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_X_(galaxy)" title="Galaxy X (galaxy)">Galaxy X (galaxy)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Galaxies" title="Category:Galaxies"><b>Category</b></a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy" title="Portal:Astronomy"><b>Portal</b></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div 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