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Gender equality, youth and social inclusion

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style="background-image:url('/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/banner/2023/38623318644_2632376e88_o.jpg?itok=ePh76Xpk')"> <a href="https://www.ilri.org/research/initiatives" class="card-link"></a> <img class="card-img d-none" src='/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/banner/2023/38623318644_2632376e88_o.jpg?itok=ePh76Xpk' alt="" title=""/><div class="card-gradient"></div><div class="card-img-overlay"><h4 class="card-bundle"> CGIAR RESEARCH INITIATIVES</h4><h3 class="card-title">ILRI is actively engaged in several CGIAR initiatives and platforms.</h3></div></div></div></div><div class="col-3"><ul class="clearfix nav navbar-nav flex-row justify-content-end" role="menu"><li class="nav-item menu-item--expanded dropdown"> <a href="/research/impact-areas" data-col="1" class="nav-link nav-link--research-impact-areas" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="research/impact-areas">Impact areas</a><ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li 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class="card-img-overlay"><h3 class="card-title">International Land Coalition Rangelands Initiative: Making rangelands secure</h3></div></article></div><div class="col-6"> <article class="node node--type-project node--view-mode-teaser clearfix card card-medium text-white border-0" style="background-image: url(&quot;/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/project/2023/Watering%20camels.jpg?itok=5hfqVJdq&quot;);"> <a href="/research/projects/emerging-public-health-threats-africas-drylands" class="card-link"></a> <img class="card-img d-none" src='/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/project/2023/Watering%20camels.jpg?itok=5hfqVJdq' alt="Camels drinking at a water pan in Wajir County, Kenya" title="Camels drinking at a water pan in Wajir County, Kenya"/><div class="card-gradient"></div><div class="card-img-overlay"><h4 class="card-deadline"><em>ACTIVE</em> <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-right"></i> <time>Feb 2028</time></h4><h3 class="card-title">Emerging public health threats in Africa’s drylands</h3></div></article></div></div></div></div><div class="col-3"><ul class="clearfix nav navbar-nav flex-row justify-content-end" role="menu"><li class="nav-item menu-item--expanded dropdown"> <a href="/where-we-work/eastern-and-southern-africa" data-col="1" class="nav-link nav-link--where-we-work-eastern-and-southern-africa" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/916">Eastern and southern africa</a><ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li class="dropdown-item"> <a href="/where-we-work/eastern-and-southern-africa/kenya" class="nav-link--where-we-work-eastern-and-southern-africa-kenya" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/917">Kenya</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"> <a href="/where-we-work/eastern-and-southern-africa/ethiopia" class="nav-link--where-we-work-eastern-and-southern-africa-ethiopia" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/918">Ethiopia</a></li><li 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</nav></div></div></div> <section class="container mt-4"><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><h1 class="title">Gender equality, youth and social inclusion</h1></div></div> <article> <section id="item-53394" class="row single-column-sidebar paragraph"><div class="col-lg-8 col-md-8 col-sm-12"><div class="text-container"><p>ILRI research contributes to the CGIAR impact area on Gender equality, youth &amp; social inclusion.</p><p>On average, women make up 43% of the agricultural labor force in low- and middle-income countries, yet their access to resources, rights, and services is limited, holding back prosperity for all.More than 85% of the world’s 1.2 billion youth live in low- and middle-income countries, where &nbsp;many face limited opportunities for employment or entrepreneurship. Improving the lives and livelihoods of women, youth, and other marginalized groups is vital for equitable, productive, resilient and sustainable food systems.</p><p>Browse research initiatives that contribute to this impact area.&nbsp;</p></div></div> <aside class="col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-12"> </aside></section> <section id="item-53437" class="banners style-2 paragraph"><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><h2 class="title">Innovations</h2></div></div><div class="row mb-4"></div><div class="row"><div class="col-lg-3 col-md-3 col-sm-12 mb-lg-m-3"> <article id="item-53431" class="paragraph banner card card-medium text-white border-0 mb-4" style="background-image: url(&quot;/index.php/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/banner/2023/76a380c4-img_1314-copy_0.jpg?itok=fNMiDsPr&quot;);"> <a href="https://www.cgiar.org/innovations/volunteer-farmer-trainers-as-agents-of-change/" class="card-link"></a> <img class="card-img d-none" src='/index.php/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/banner/2023/76a380c4-img_1314-copy_0.jpg?itok=fNMiDsPr' alt="Volunteer Farmer Trainers as agents of change" title=""/><div class="card-gradient"></div><div class="card-img-overlay"><h3 class="card-title">Volunteer Farmer Trainers as agents of change</h3></div> </article></div><div class="col-lg-3 col-md-3 col-sm-12 mb-lg-m-3"> <article id="item-53433" class="paragraph banner card card-medium text-white border-0 mb-4" style="background-image: url(&quot;/index.php/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/banner/2023/c764b4ec-close-up-to-seedassure-app-testing-in-the-field-at-the-kiboko-research-station-in-kenya-j.-bossuet-cimmyt-scaled%20%281%29.jpg?itok=_xrAmlhz&quot;);"> <a href="https://www.cgiar.org/innovations/affordable-insurance-for-smallholder-farmers-and-herders/" class="card-link"></a> <img class="card-img d-none" src='/index.php/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/banner/2023/c764b4ec-close-up-to-seedassure-app-testing-in-the-field-at-the-kiboko-research-station-in-kenya-j.-bossuet-cimmyt-scaled%20%281%29.jpg?itok=_xrAmlhz' alt="Affordable insurance for smallholder farmers and herders" title=""/><div class="card-gradient"></div><div class="card-img-overlay"><h3 class="card-title">Affordable insurance for smallholder farmers and herders</h3></div> </article></div><div class="col-lg-3 col-md-3 col-sm-12 mb-lg-m-3"> <article id="item-53434" class="paragraph banner card card-medium text-white border-0 mb-4" style="background-image: url(&quot;/index.php/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/banner/2023/539c5f75-two-women-collect-leafy-vegetables-in-khulna-bangladesh-f-khan-ifpri%20%281%29.jpg?itok=am1Kvwtg&quot;);"> <a href="https://www.cgiar.org/innovations/an-index-for-measuring-womens-empowerment-in-agriculture/" class="card-link"></a> <img class="card-img d-none" src='/index.php/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/banner/2023/539c5f75-two-women-collect-leafy-vegetables-in-khulna-bangladesh-f-khan-ifpri%20%281%29.jpg?itok=am1Kvwtg' alt="An index for measuring women’s empowerment in agriculture" title=""/><div class="card-gradient"></div><div class="card-img-overlay"><h3 class="card-title">An index for measuring women’s empowerment in agriculture</h3></div> </article></div><div class="col-lg-3 col-md-3 col-sm-12 mb-lg-m-3"> <article id="item-53435" class="paragraph banner card card-medium text-white border-0 mb-4" style="background-image: url(&quot;/index.php/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/banner/2023/80cbec90-untitled-scaled%20%282%29.jpg?itok=OyLpmZhH&quot;);"> <a href="https://www.cgiar.org/innovations/climate-smart-modeling/" class="card-link"></a> <img class="card-img d-none" src='/index.php/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/banner/2023/80cbec90-untitled-scaled%20%282%29.jpg?itok=OyLpmZhH' alt="Climate-smart modeling and 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