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vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Strumenti personali"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modifica la dimensione, la larghezza e il colore del testo" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aspetto" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aspetto</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_it.wikipedia.org&uselang=it" class=""><span>Fai una donazione</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:CreaUtenza&returnto=Kinnin" title="Si consiglia di registrarsi e di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio" class=""><span>registrati</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Entra&returnto=Kinnin" title="Si consiglia di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>entra</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Altre 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class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagine per utenti anonimi <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Benvenuto" aria-label="Ulteriori informazioni sulla contribuzione"><span>ulteriori informazioni</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieiContributi" title="Un elenco delle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>contributi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieDiscussioni" title="Discussioni sulle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>discussioni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sito"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Indice" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r133964453">.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-div>div,.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div>div{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-image{flex-basis:52px;flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div .hide-when-compact{display:block}</style><div style="" class="ambox metadata noprint plainlinks avviso avviso-contenuto"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book_magnify.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nessuna nota a piè di pagina"><img alt="Nessuna nota a piè di pagina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Question_book_magnify.svg/45px-Question_book_magnify.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Question_book_magnify.svg/68px-Question_book_magnify.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Question_book_magnify.svg/90px-Question_book_magnify.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa voce o sezione  sull'argomento Africa è priva o carente di <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">note</a> e <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Uso_delle_fonti#Citazioni_nel_testo_.28citazioni_interne.29_e_alla_fine" title="Aiuto:Uso delle fonti">riferimenti bibliografici puntuali</a></b>. <div class="hide-when-compact"> <div class="noprint"><hr />Sebbene vi siano una <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Bibliografia" title="Aiuto:Bibliografia">bibliografia</a> e/o dei <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Collegamenti_esterni" title="Wikipedia:Collegamenti esterni">collegamenti esterni</a>, manca la contestualizzazione delle fonti con <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Note" title="Aiuto:Note">note a piè di pagina</a> o altri riferimenti precisi che indichino puntualmente la provenienza delle informazioni. Puoi <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kinnin&action=edit">migliorare questa voce</a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">citando le fonti</a> più precisamente. Segui i suggerimenti del <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Africa" title="Progetto:Africa">progetto di riferimento</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r133964453"><div style="" class="ambox metadata noprint plainlinks avviso avviso-struttura"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Merge-arrows.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pagine da unire"><img alt="Pagine da unire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Merge-arrows.svg/40px-Merge-arrows.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Merge-arrows.svg/60px-Merge-arrows.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Merge-arrows.svg/80px-Merge-arrows.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa pagina  sull'argomento Africa sembra trattare argomenti unificabili alla pagina <a href="/wiki/Tuareg" title="Tuareg">Tuareg</a></b>. <div class="hide-when-compact"> <div class="noprint"><hr />Puoi contribuire <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Unione" title="Aiuto:Unione">unendo</a> i contenuti in una pagina unica. Segui i suggerimenti del <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Africa" title="Progetto:Africa">progetto di riferimento</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p><b>Kinnin</b> o <b>Kindin</b> è il nome con cui sono designati i <a href="/wiki/Tuareg" title="Tuareg">tuareg</a> nel <a href="/wiki/Ciad" title="Ciad">Ciad</a>, sia in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_kanembu" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingua kanembu">kanembu</a> sia in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_kanuri" title="Lingua kanuri">kanuri</a> sia in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_araba" title="Lingua araba">arabo dialettale</a> (<b>kinin</b> nelle lingue dei <a href="/wiki/Tebu" title="Tebu">Tebu</a>). L'origine del nome è il tuareg <i>Kel Denneg</i> ("Quelli dell'est"), designazione di una grande confederazione presente nel <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a>. Comunque oggi il termine si applica in modo indifferente a tutti i Tuareg, di qualunque provenienza. </p><p>In particolare, un gruppo di Kinnin si segnala in un quartiere di <a href="/wiki/Ab%C3%A9ch%C3%A9" title="Abéché">Abéché</a>, che da essi prende il nome: Hille Kinnin (originariamente un villaggio a sé, oggi inglobato nel tessuto urbano). Il nucleo più importante di questo gruppo è costituito da Tuareg di diversa provenienza (Kel Gress, Kel Azawak, Izayaken, Tagama, Kel Tamat) che si unirono, nei primi anni del Novecento, alle forze della <a href="/wiki/Senussia" class="mw-redirect" title="Senussia">Senussia</a> guidate dal ribelle <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kawesan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kawesan (la pagina non esiste)">Kawesan</a> (in francese trascritto anche Kaocen), che condussero una lotta armata durata diversi anni e sedata solo nel 1918. </p><p>Di fatto, i Kinnin sono tuttora seguaci della Senussia e appaiono molto zelanti nelle pratiche della religione. Il nome <i>Senussi</i> viene utilizzato con una certa frequenza nell'onomastica. </p><p>Secondo Chapelle (1987), nel 1932 i Francesi avrebbero riportato in patria la maggior parte dei Tuareg che si erano stabiliti nel Ciad, mentre i loro "artigiani" (gli appartenenti alla <a href="/wiki/Casta" title="Casta">casta</a> degli <i><a href="/wiki/Fabbri_tuareg" title="Fabbri tuareg">Inaden</a></i>, spesso denominati "<a href="/wiki/Fabbri_africani" title="Fabbri africani">fabbri</a>") stanziati nelle regioni di <a href="/wiki/Ouadda%C3%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="Ouaddaï">Ouaddaï</a> e <a href="/wiki/Regione_di_Ennedi" title="Regione di Ennedi">Ennedi</a> avrebbero preferito rimanervi. </p><p>Nel 1995 i Kinnin di Abéché erano calcolati intorno alle 600 unità. La lingua tuareg, ancora conosciuta dai Kinnin di età superiore ai 20 anni (dati sempre del 1995), ma praticata soprattutto dagli anziani e col ruolo, qualche volta, di "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_segreta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua segreta (la pagina non esiste)">lingua segreta</a>", è in netto regresso, ed oggi tutti i Kinnin capiscono e parlano l'arabo ciadiano. </p><p>L'attività principale dei Kinnin è oggi il commercio. Molte donne praticano la tessitura di <i>chamla</i> (tappeti di pelo di pecora e di capra), considerandola tradizionale, anche se questa attività non lo è presso i Tuareg del Niger e probabilmente è stata appresa presso altre popolazioni ciadiane. </p><p>I Kinnin, che continuano a designare se stessi col termine <a href="/wiki/Lingua_tuareg" title="Lingua tuareg">tuareg</a> <i>imajeghan</i> (ma la lingua con l'espressione araba <i>kalam Kinnin</i>), hanno mantenuto vive alcune tradizioni tuareg, per esempio l'uso della <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Takuba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Takuba (la pagina non esiste)">takuba</a></i> (la tipica spada tuareg) e le feste <i>tindé</i>. Altre usanze sono cadute in desuetudine, come l'uso della <i><a href="/wiki/Tagelmust" title="Tagelmust">tagelmust</a></i>, il velo per coprirsi il volto da parte degli uomini. Su pressione dell'ambiente circostante sono state inoltre acquisite abitudini estranee alla cultura tuareg d'origine, come la <a href="/wiki/Poligamia" title="Poligamia">poligamia</a> e, di recente, l'<a href="/wiki/Escissione_del_clitoride" title="Escissione del clitoride">escissione del clitoride</a> delle ragazze. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kinnin&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kinnin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Jean Chapelle, <i>Souvenir du Sahel. Zinder, Lec Tchad, Komadougou</i>, Paris, L'Harmattan, 1987 (<a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/2858027382" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 2858027382</a>)</li> <li>Monique Jay, “Quelques éléments sur les Kinnin d'Abbéché (Tchad)”, <i>Etudes et Documents Berbères</i> 14 (1996), 199-212 (<a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a> 0295-5245<span class="noprint" style="font-size:90%"> (<span title="Ricerca su WorldCat"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0295-5245&lang=it">WC</a></span><b> ·</b> <span title="Ricerca su ACNP (Italia)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://acnpsearch.unibo.it/search?issn=0295-5245">ACNP</a></span>)</span> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/2857449720" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 2-85744-972-0</a>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120225161722/http://www.berberemultimedia.com/bibliotheque/auteurs/jay96.pdf">(testo in pdf)</a></li> <li>Joseph Tubiana, "Questions d'onomastique tchadienne. <i>Kindin</i> et <i>Wasili</i>", in: J. Drouin & A. Roth (a cura di), <i>A la croisée des études libyco-berbères. Mélanges offerta à Paulette Galand-Pernet et Lionel Galand</i>, Paris, Geuthner, 1993, pp. 501-510 (<a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/2705313109" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 2-7053-1310-9</a>)</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Berberi"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="background:#ADFF2F"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Berberi" title="Template:Berberi"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Berberi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Berberi (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Berberi&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. 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