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Meliani</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Asma Meliani"> <meta name="keywords" content="Asma Meliani"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Asma Meliani"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 149</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Asma Meliani</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">149</span> Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Artemisia herba-alba Asso Essential Oil Growing in M’sila (Algeria)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Meliani">Asma Meliani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Lakehal"> S. Lakehal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Z.%20Benrebiha"> F. Z. Benrebiha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Chaouia"> C. Chaouia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is an increasing interest in phytochemicals as new source of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. Plants essential oils have come more into the focus of phytomedicine. Many researchers have reported various biological and/or pharmacological properties of Artemisia herba alba Asso essential oil. The present study describes antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Artemisia herba alba Asso essential oil. Artemisia herba alba Asso essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation (using Clevenger type apparatus) growing in Algeria (M’sila) was analyzed by GC-MS. The essential oil yield of the study was 0.7%. The major components were found to be camphor, chrysanthenone et 1,8-cineole. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was tested against four bacteria (Gram-negative and Gram-positive) and three fungi using the diffusion method and by determining the inhibition zone. The oil was found to have significant antibacterial activity. In addition, antioxidant activity was determined by 1, 1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, ferric reducing (FRAP) assay and β-carotene bleaching test, and high activity was found for Artemisia herba-alba oil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Artemisia%20herba-alba" title="Artemisia herba-alba">Artemisia herba-alba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20oil" title=" essential oil"> essential oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title=" antibacterial activity"> antibacterial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20activity" title=" antioxidant activity"> antioxidant activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15986/antibacterial-and-antioxidant-activities-of-artemisia-herba-alba-asso-essential-oil-growing-in-msila-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15986.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">148</span> Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties of Artemisia herba-alba Asso Essential Oil Growing in M’sila, Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Meliani">Asma Meliani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Lakehal"> S. Lakehal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Z.%20Benrebiha"> F. Z. Benrebiha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Chaouia"> C. Chaouia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is an increasing interest in phytochemicals as new source of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. Plants essential oils have come more into the focus of phytomedicine. Many researchers have reported various biological and/or pharmacological properties of Artemisia herba alba Asso essential oil. The present study describes antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Artemisia herba alba Asso essential oil. Artemisia herba alba Asso essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation (using Clevenger type apparatus) growing in Algeria (M’sila) was analyzed by GC-MS. The essential oil yield of the study was 0.7 %. The major components were found to be camphor, chrysanthenone et 1,8-cineole. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was tested against four bacteria (Gram-negative and Gram-positive) and one fungi using the diffusion method and by determining the inhibition zone. The oil was found to have significant antibacterial activity. In addition, antioxidant activity was determined by 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, ferric reducing (FRAP) assay and β-carotene bleaching test, and high activity was found for Artemisia herba-alba oil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Artemisia%20herba-alba" title="Artemisia herba-alba">Artemisia herba-alba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20oil" title=" essential oil"> essential oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title=" antibacterial activity"> antibacterial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20activity" title=" antioxidant activity"> antioxidant activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18124/antibacterial-and-antioxidant-properties-of-artemisia-herba-alba-asso-essential-oil-growing-in-msila-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18124.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">147</span> Vaccination against Hepatitis B in Tunisian Health Care Workers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Ammar">Asma Ammar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabiha%20Bouafia"> Nabiha Bouafia </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20%20BenCheikh"> Asma BenCheikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Mahjoub"> Mohamed Mahjoub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olfa%20Ezzi"> Olfa Ezzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wadiaa%20Bannour"> Wadiaa Bannour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radhia%20Helali"> Radhia Helali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mansour%20Njah"> Mansour Njah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The objective of the present study was to identify factors associated with vaccination against Hepatitis B virus (HBV) among healthcare workers (HWs) in the University Hospital Center (UHC) Farhat Hached Sousse, Tunisia. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study all licensed physicians (n= 206) and a representative sample of paramedical staff (n= 372) exercising at UHC Hached Sousse (Tunisia) during two months (January and February 2014). Data were collected using a self-administered and pre-tested questionnaire, which composed by 21 questions. In order to determinate factors associated with vaccination against hepatitis B among HWs, this questionnaire was based on the Health Belief Model, one of the most classical behavior theories. Logistic regression with the stepwise method of Hosmer and Lemeshow was used to identify the determinants of the use of vaccination against HBV. Results: The response rates were 79.8%. Fifty two percent believe that HBV is frequent in our healthcare units and 60.6% consider it a severe infection. The prevalence of HWs vaccination was 39%, 95% CI [34.49%; 43.5%]. In multivariate analysis, determinants of the use of vaccination against HBV among HWs were young age (p=10-4), male gender (p = 0. 006), high or very high importance accorded to health (p = 0.035), perception membership in a risk group for HBV infection (p = 0.038) and very favorable or favorable opinion about vaccination against HVB (p=10-4). Conclusion: The results of our study should be considered in any strategy for preventing VHB infection in HWs. In the mean time, coverage with standard vaccines should be improved also by supplying complete information on the risks of VHB infection and on the safety and efficacy of vaccination. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hepatitis%20B%20virus" title="Hepatitis B virus">Hepatitis B virus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20workers" title=" healthcare workers"> healthcare workers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevalence" title=" prevalence"> prevalence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vaccination" title=" vaccination"> vaccination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65623/vaccination-against-hepatitis-b-in-tunisian-health-care-workers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65623.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">146</span> Revealing Insights into the Mechanisms of Biofilm Adhesion on Surfaces in Crude Oil Environments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadjer%20Didouh">Hadjer Didouh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Hadj%20Meliani"> Mohammed Hadj Meliani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izzaddine%20Sameut%20Bouhaik"> Izzaddine Sameut Bouhaik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study employs a multidisciplinary approach to investigate the intricate processes governing biofilm-surface interactions. Results indicate that surface properties significantly influence initial microbial attachment, with materials characterized by increased roughness and hydrophobicity promoting enhanced biofilm adhesion. Moreover, the chemical composition of materials plays a crucial role in impacting the development of biofilms. Environmental factors, such as temperature fluctuations and nutrient availability, were identified as key determinants affecting biofilm formation dynamics. Advanced imaging techniques revealed complex three-dimensional biofilm structures, emphasizing microbial communication and cooperation within these networks. These findings offer practical implications for industries operating in crude oil environments, guiding the selection and design of materials to mitigate biofilm-related challenges and enhance operational efficiency in such settings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofilm%20adhesion" title="biofilm adhesion">biofilm adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20properties" title=" surface properties"> surface properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crude%20oil%20environments" title=" crude oil environments"> crude oil environments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbial%20interactions" title=" microbial interactions"> microbial interactions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multidisciplinary%20investigation" title=" multidisciplinary investigation"> multidisciplinary investigation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179807/revealing-insights-into-the-mechanisms-of-biofilm-adhesion-on-surfaces-in-crude-oil-environments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179807.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">145</span> In vitro Culture of Flowers of Maerua crassiflia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abobkar%20Abrahem%20Mohamed%20Saad">Abobkar Abrahem Mohamed Saad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Abud%20Alsalam"> Asma Abud Alsalam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Closed flowers of Maerua crassifolia were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with benzyl amino purine BA (1.0 mg/l). The colour of flowers changed from green to pale brown after one week. They opened after two weeks. The anthers became clear which was observed after 3 weeks. Calluses are induced from sepals after one month. 19 anthers were observed with average length of 1.9 cm. The amount of calluses increased after 40 days. These calluses were fragmented and subcultured on MS+ 2-4D (1.0 mg/l) in order to increase growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro" title="in vitro">in vitro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maerua" title=" Maerua"> Maerua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flowers" title=" flowers"> flowers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4399/in-vitro-culture-of-flowers-of-maerua-crassiflia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4399.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">144</span> The Limits of the Effectiveness of Digital Advertising: Demonstration by the Economic Approach of Measuring Advertising Effectiveness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barkaoui%20Asma">Barkaoui Asma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In our article, we use the economic approach of measuring advertising effectiveness to show the margin of advertising spread gained through digital communication. For economists, profit maximization depends on determining the optimal advertising budget. For this, they use the theories of the marginalist current to determine when the maximum level of benefits is reached. Using the economic approach we show the significant return on investment for advertisers. We then discuss the risks of perception of advertising pressure by consumers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20advertising" title="digital advertising">digital advertising</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20approach" title=" economic approach"> economic approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effectiveness" title=" effectiveness"> effectiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure" title=" pressure"> pressure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70558/the-limits-of-the-effectiveness-of-digital-advertising-demonstration-by-the-economic-approach-of-measuring-advertising-effectiveness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70558.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">143</span> Incidence and Risk Factors of Central Venous Associated Infections in a Tunisian Medical Intensive Care Unit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ammar%20Asma">Ammar Asma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouafia%20Nabiha"> Bouafia Nabiha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghammam%20Rim"> Ghammam Rim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezzi%20Olfa"> Ezzi Olfa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ben%20Cheikh%20Asma"> Ben Cheikh Asma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahjoub%20Mohamed"> Mahjoub Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helali%20Radhia"> Helali Radhia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sma%20Nesrine"> Sma Nesrine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chouch%C3%A8ne%20Imed"> Chouchène Imed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boussarsar%20Hamadi"> Boussarsar Hamadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Njah%20Mansour"> Njah Mansour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Central venous catheter associated infections (CVC-AI) are among the serious hospital-acquired infections. The aims of this study are to determine the incidence of CVC-AI, and their risk factors among patients followed in a Tunisian medical intensive care unit (ICU). Materials / Methods: A prospective cohort study conducted between September 15th, 2015 and November 15th, 2016 in an 8-bed medical ICU including all patients admitted for more than 48h. CVC-AI were defined according to CDC of ATLANTA criteria. The enrollment was based on clinical and laboratory diagnosis of CVC-AI. For all subjects, age, sex, underlying diseases, SAPS II score, ICU length of stay, exposure to CVC (number of CVC placed, site of insertion and duration catheterization) were recorded. Risk factors were analyzed by conditional stepwise logistic regression. The p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Among 192 eligible patients, 144 patients (75%) had a central venous catheter. Twenty-eight patients (19.4%) had developed CVC-AI with density rate incidence 20.02/1000 CVC-days. Among these infections, 60.7% (n=17) were systemic CVC-AI (with negative blood culture), and 35.7% (n=10) were bloodstream CVC-AI. The mean SAPS II of patients with CVC-AI was 32.76 14.48; their mean Charlson index was 1.77 1.55, their mean duration of catheterization was 15.46 10.81 days and the mean duration of one central line was 5.8+/-3.72 days. Gram-negative bacteria was determined in 53.5 % of CVC-AI (n= 15) dominated by multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumani (n=7). Staphylococci were isolated in 3 CVC-AI. Fourteen (50%) patients with CVC-AI died. Univariate analysis identified men (p=0.034), the referral from another hospital department (p=0.03), tobacco (p=0.006), duration of sedation (p=0.003) and the duration of catheterization (p=0), as possible risk factors of CVC-AI. Multivariate analysis showed that independent factors of CVC-AI were, male sex; OR= 5.73, IC 95% [2; 16.46], p=0.001, Ramsay score; OR= 1.57, IC 95% [1.036; 2.38], p=0.033, and duration of catheterization; OR=1.093, IC 95% [1.035; 1.15], p=0.001. Conclusion: In a monocenter cohort, CVC-AI had a high density and is associated with poor outcome. Identifying the risk factors is necessary to find solutions for this major health problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=central%20venous%20catheter%20associated%20infection" title="central venous catheter associated infection">central venous catheter associated infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intensive%20care%20unit" title=" intensive care unit"> intensive care unit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prospective%20cohort%20studies" title=" prospective cohort studies"> prospective cohort studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factors" title=" risk factors"> risk factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65611/incidence-and-risk-factors-of-central-venous-associated-infections-in-a-tunisian-medical-intensive-care-unit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65611.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">142</span> Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Grown in Algeria (Djelfa)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samah%20Lakehal">Samah Lakehal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Meliani"> A. Meliani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Z.%20Benrebiha"> F. Z. Benrebiha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Chaouia"> C. Chaouia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the last few years, due to the misuse of antibiotics and an increasing incidence of immunodeficiency-related diseases, the development of microbial drug resistance has become more and more of a pressing problem. Recently, natural products from medicinal plants represent a fertile ground for the development of novel antibacterial agents. Plants essential oils have come more into the focus of phytomedicine. The present study describes antimicrobial activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil known medicinally for its powerful antibacterial properties. The essential oil of rosemary obtained by hydrodistillation (using Clevenger type apparatus) growing in Algeria (Djelfa city of south Algeria) was investigated by GC-MS. The essential oil yield of the study was 1.4 %. The major components were found to be camphor, camphene, 1,8-cineole. The essential oil has been tested for antimicrobial activity against eight bacteria (Gram-negative and Gram-positive), and three fungi including Candida albicans. Inhibition of growth was tested by the agar diffusion method based on the determination of the diameter of inhibition. The oil was found to have significant antibacterial activity and therefore can be used as a natural antimicrobial agent for the treatment of several infectious diseases caused by those germs, which have developed resistance to antibiotics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20activity" title="antimicrobial activity">antimicrobial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosmarinus%20officinalis%20L." title=" Rosmarinus officinalis L."> Rosmarinus officinalis L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20oils" title=" essential oils"> essential oils</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GC%2FMS" title=" GC/MS"> GC/MS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=camphor" title=" camphor"> camphor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11783/essential-oil-composition-and-antimicrobial-activity-of-rosmarinus-officinalis-l-grown-in-algeria-djelfa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11783.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">141</span> Evaluation of Hydrocarbons in Tissues of Bivalve Mollusks from the Red Sea Coast</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Ahmed%20Aljohani">Asma Ahmed Aljohani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Orif"> Mohammed Orif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in clam (A. glabrata) was examined in samples collected from Alseef Beach, 30 km south of Jeddah city. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyse the 14 PAHs. The concentration of total PAHs was found to range from 11.521 to 40.149 ng/gdw with a mean concentration of 21.857 ng/gdw, which is lower compared to similar studies. The lower molecular weight PAHs with three rings comprised 18.14% of the total PAH concentrations in the clams, while the high molecular weight PAHs with four rings, five rings, and six rings account for 81.86%. Diagnostic ratios for PAH source distinction suggested pyrogenic or anthropogenic sources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bivalves" title="bivalves">bivalves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomonitoring" title=" biomonitoring"> biomonitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrocarbons" title=" hydrocarbons"> hydrocarbons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PAHs" title=" PAHs"> PAHs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159285/evaluation-of-hydrocarbons-in-tissues-of-bivalve-mollusks-from-the-red-sea-coast" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159285.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">140</span> Ownership Concentration and Payout Policy: Evidence from France</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Bentaifa">Asma Bentaifa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the effect of ownership concentration and especially the presence of controlling shareholders on the firm’s payout decisions. Using a sample of 870 French companies during 2007 to 2012, we find that the share of dividends in total payout is negatively correlated with the size of cash flow held by controlling shareholder, and positively related to the divergence between voting rights and cash flow rights of largest shareholders. We also document that controlled firms tend to prefer dividends over repurchases to mitigate conflicts between controlling shareholders and minority shareholders related to the presence of control enhancing devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ownership" title="ownership">ownership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=payout%20policy" title=" payout policy"> payout policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dividend" title=" dividend"> dividend</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minority%20expropriation" title=" minority expropriation"> minority expropriation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35359/ownership-concentration-and-payout-policy-evidence-from-france" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">139</span> Usability Guidelines for Arab E-Government Websites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omyma%20Alosaimi">Omyma Alosaimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Alsumait"> Asma Alsumait</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The website developer and designer should follow usability guidelines to provide a user-friendly interface. Many guidelines and heuristics have been developed by previous studies to help both the developer and designer in this task, but E-government websites are special cases that require specialized guidelines. This paper introduces a set of eighteen guidelines for evaluating the usability of e-government websites in general and Arabic e-government websites specifically, along with a check list of how to apply them. The validity and effectiveness of these guidelines were evaluated against a variety of user characteristics. The results indicated that the proposed set of guidelines can be used to identify qualitative similarities and differences with user testing and that the new set is best suited for evaluating general and e-governmental usability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-government" title="e-government">e-government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20computer%20interaction" title=" human computer interaction"> human computer interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability%20evaluation" title=" usability evaluation"> usability evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability%20guidelines" title=" usability guidelines"> usability guidelines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4322/usability-guidelines-for-arab-e-government-websites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4322.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">138</span> Study of the Anti-Diabetic Activity of the Common Fig in the Region of the El Amra (Ain Defla), Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meliani%20Samiha">Meliani Samiha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassaine%20Sarah"> Hassaine Sarah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Figs are so much consumed in the Mediterranean region; they present a high nutritional value and also multiple therapeutic virtues. Our work contributes to the study of the antidiabetic activity of the common fig of the region of El Amra (AinDefla) Algeria. To do this, 20 Wistar rats female, divided into 4 lots, were used: Lot 1: 5 normal controls; Lot 2: 5 normal controls treated with dry fig juice at 20%; Lot 3: 5 diabetic controls; Lot 4: 5 diabetic controls treated with dry fig juice at 20%. The rats are rendered diabetic by intra-peritoneal injection of a streptozotocin solution. The blood glucose is measured after 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours and after 4 hours of the administration of the fig juice; it’s measured also on the 5th day, 8th day and 9th day of the beginning of the experiment. The determination of cholesterol and triglycerides blood is carried out at the beginning and the end of the study. On the 9th day, we recorded a very significant decrease of the blood sugar level of diabetic rats treated with dry fig juice. This blood glucose level normalized for 3 rats/5rats, we also recorded a decrease, but not significant, of cholesterol and triglycerides blood levels. In the short term (for 4 hours), an increase of blood sugar level, one hour after administration, for normal and diabetic rats. This increase is probably due to the high level of sugar content in the preparation. The blood glucose level is then corrected, four hours later. This may be the result of anti hyperglycemic effect of the active ingredients contained in the figs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antidiabetic" title="antidiabetic">antidiabetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=figs" title=" figs"> figs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypoglycemia" title=" hypoglycemia"> hypoglycemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=streptozotocin" title=" streptozotocin"> streptozotocin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74330/study-of-the-anti-diabetic-activity-of-the-common-fig-in-the-region-of-the-el-amra-ain-defla-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74330.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> Risk Factors of Hospital Acquired Infection Mortality in a Tunisian Intensive Care Unit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ben%20Cheikh%20Asma">Ben Cheikh Asma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouafia%20Nabiha"> Bouafia Nabiha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ammar%20Asma"> Ammar Asma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezzi%20Olfa"> Ezzi Olfa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meddeb%20Khaoula"> Meddeb Khaoula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chouch%C3%A8ne%20Imed"> Chouchène Imed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boussarsar%20Hamadi"> Boussarsar Hamadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Njah%20Mansour"> Njah Mansour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI) constitutes an important worldwide health problem. It was associated with high mortality rate in intensive care units (ICU). This study aimed to determine HAI mortality rate in Tunisian intensive care units and identify its risk factors. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study over a 12 months period (September 15th 2015 to September 15 th 2016) in the adult medical ICU of University Hospital-Farhat Hached (Sousse-Tunisia). All patients admitted in the ICU for more than 48 hours were included in the study. We used an anonymous standardized survey record form to collect data by a medical hygienist assisted by an intensivist. We adopted definitions of Center for Diseases Control and prevention of Atlanta to detect HAI, Kaplan Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazard regression to identify independent risk factor of HAI mortality. Results: Of 171 patients, 67 developed ICU-acquired infection (global incidence rate=39.2%). The mean age of patients was 59 ± 21.2 years and 60.8% were male. The most frequently identified infections were pulmonary acquired infection (ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) and infected atelectasis with density rates 21.4 VAP/1000 days of mechanical ventilation and 9.4 infected atelectasis /1000 days of mechanical ventilation; respectively) and central venous catheter associated infection (CVC - AI) with density rate 28.4 CVC-AI / 1000 CVC-days). HAI mortality rate was 66.7% (n=44). The median survival was 20 days 3.36, 95% Confidential Interval [13.39 – 26.60]. Specific mortality rates according to infectious site were 65.5%, 36.4% and 4.5% respectively for VAP, CVC associated infection and infected atelectasis. In univariate analysis, a significant associations between mortality and cardiovascular history (p=0.04) tracheotomy (p=0.00), peripheral venous catheterization (p=0.04), VAP (p=0.04) and infected atelectasis (p=0.04) were detected. Independent risk factors for HAI mortality were VAP with Hazard Ratio = 3.14, 95% Confidential Interval [1.63 – 6.05] (p=0.001) and tracheotomy (Hazard Ratio=0.22, 95% Confidential Interval [0.10 – 0.44], p=0.000). Conclusions: In the present study, hospital acquired infection mortality rate was relatively high. We need to intensify the fight against these infections especially ventilator-associated pneumonia that is associated with higher risk of mortality in many studies. Thus, more effective infection control interventions were necessary in our hospital. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospital%20acquired%20infection" title="hospital acquired infection">hospital acquired infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intensive%20care%20unit" title=" intensive care unit"> intensive care unit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortality" title=" mortality"> mortality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factors" title=" risk factors"> risk factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65617/risk-factors-of-hospital-acquired-infection-mortality-in-a-tunisian-intensive-care-unit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65617.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> In vitro Culture of Stem Node Segments of Maerua crassifolia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abobaker%20Abrahem%20M.%20Saad">Abobaker Abrahem M. Saad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Abudasalam"> Asma Abudasalam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The stem node segments were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. In the case of using MS+ Zeatin (1 mg/l), small shoot buds were formed directly in 70% of explants after 15 days, their length range between 0.1 to 0.3 cm after two weeks and reached 0.3 cm in length and three shoots in numbers after 4 weeks. When those small shoots were sub cultured on the same medium, they increased in length, number and reached 0.4 cm with 4 shoots, 0.4 cm with 5 shoots after six, eight and ten weeks respectively. In the case of using MS free hormones, MS+IAA (0.2mg/l) +BA (0.5mg/l), MS + kin(0.5mg/l), MS + kin (3mg/l) and MS +NAA (3mg/l) +BA (1mg/l), no sign of responses were noticed and only change in color in some cases. Different types of parenchyma cells and many layers of thick wall sclerenchyma cells were observed on MS+BA (1mg/l). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maerua" title="Maerua">Maerua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stem%20node" title=" stem node"> stem node</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoots" title=" shoots"> shoots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buds" title=" buds"> buds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=In%20vitro" title=" In vitro"> In vitro</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59982/in-vitro-culture-of-stem-node-segments-of-maerua-crassifolia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59982.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> Bullous Pyoderma Gangrenosum in a Patient with Anti-Phospholipid Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yousef%20Alwashahi">Yousef Alwashahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Almoqbali"> Ahmed Almoqbali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mayar%20Albahrani"> Mayar Albahrani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Alajmi"> Asma Alajmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report a rare case of a 49-year-old Omani woman who is a known case of primary anti-phospholipid syndrome, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, and iron deficiency anaemia. During cannulation, she was found to develop bulla that progressed to ulcerations. With chronicity and recurrent abscess formation that usually increase after surgical intervention, a pathergy phenomenon was postulated. High suspicion of pyoderma gangrenosum was considered. Fortunately, the rapid progression of the disease was slowed down with corticosteroids, cyclosporin, and biological agents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-phospholipid%20syndrome" title="anti-phospholipid syndrome">anti-phospholipid syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyoderma%20gangrenosum" title=" pyoderma gangrenosum"> pyoderma gangrenosum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bullous%20pyoderma%20gangrenosum" title=" bullous pyoderma gangrenosum"> bullous pyoderma gangrenosum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathergy" title=" pathergy"> pathergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathergy%20phenomenon" title=" pathergy phenomenon"> pathergy phenomenon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161750/bullous-pyoderma-gangrenosum-in-a-patient-with-anti-phospholipid-syndrome-a-case-report-and-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161750.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> Evaluation of the Analgesic Activity of Defatted Methanol Extract of Capparis spinosa L. Root Barks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Meddour">Asma Meddour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouloud%20Yahia"> Mouloud Yahia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afaf%20Benhouda"> Afaf Benhouda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Souhila%20Benbia"> Souhila Benbia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hachani%20Khadhraoui"> Hachani Khadhraoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Peripheral analgesic activity of defatted methanol extract of root barks of Capparis spinosa was tested orally at the dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg against pain induced by acetic acid in rats. The dose of 200 mg/kg presents significant analgesic effect with a percentage of inhibition of torsions of 88.51% compared to the positive control which is the acetylsalicylic acid which represents a percentage of inhibition of 92.55%. The dose of 100 mg/kg presents a percentage of inhibition of 81.68%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peripheral%20analgesic%20activity" title="peripheral analgesic activity">peripheral analgesic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Capparis%20spinosa" title=" Capparis spinosa"> Capparis spinosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=percentage%20of%20inhibition%20of%20torsions" title=" percentage of inhibition of torsions"> percentage of inhibition of torsions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20sciences" title=" chemical sciences"> chemical sciences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6423/evaluation-of-the-analgesic-activity-of-defatted-methanol-extract-of-capparis-spinosa-l-root-barks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6423.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">133</span> A Tool to Measure the Usability Guidelines for Arab E-Government Websites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omyma%20Alosaimi">Omyma Alosaimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Alsumait"> Asma Alsumait</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The website developer and designer should follow usability guidelines to provide a user-friendly interface. Using tools to measure usability, the evaluator can evaluate automatically hundreds of links within few minutes. It has the advantage of detecting some violations that only machines can detect. For that using usability evaluating tool is important to find as many violations as possible. There are many websites usability testing tools, but none is developed to measure the usability of e-government website nor Arabic e-government websites. To measure the usability of the Arabic e-government websites, a tool is developed and tested in this paper. A comparison of using a tool specifically developed for e-government websites and general usability testing tool is presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-government" title="e-government">e-government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20computer%20interaction" title=" human computer interaction"> human computer interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability%20evaluation" title=" usability evaluation"> usability evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability%20guidelines" title=" usability guidelines"> usability guidelines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13592/a-tool-to-measure-the-usability-guidelines-for-arab-e-government-websites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13592.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">423</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">132</span> Endogeneity between Shari'ah Governance and Board Governance and Its Impact on Financial Stability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabur%20Mollah">Sabur Mollah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Mobarek"> Asma Mobarek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to explore the endogenous relationship between Shari’ah governance and board governance for Islamic banks to identify complementary or substituting relationship between these governance parameters. By using a sample of 161 Islamic Banks from 24 countries for the period of 2005-2013, we show an endogenous relationship between Shari’ah Supervisory Board (SSB) and Board of Directors (BoD). In this relationship, SSB and BoD complement each other. We also show that this complementary relationship between SSB and BoD helps enhance both management and asset quality, but mitigates capital adequacy, earnings, and liquidity in Islamic banks. The study has important implications for financial stability in the Islamic banking system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shari%E2%80%99ah%20Supervisory%20Board" title="Shari’ah Supervisory Board">Shari’ah Supervisory Board</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boards%20of%20Directors" title=" Boards of Directors"> Boards of Directors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20banking" title=" Islamic banking"> Islamic banking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20stability" title=" financial stability"> financial stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108886/endogeneity-between-shariah-governance-and-board-governance-and-its-impact-on-financial-stability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108886.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">131</span> Valorization of Mining Waste (Sand of Djemi Djema) from the Djbel Onk Mine (Eastern Algeria)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachida%20%20Malaoui">Rachida Malaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leila%20%20Arabet"> Leila Arabet </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20%20Benbouza"> Asma Benbouza </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of mining waste rock as a material for construction is one of the biggest concerns grabbing the attention of many mining countries. As these materials are abandoned, more effective solutions have been made to offset some of the building materials, and to avoid environmental pollution. The sands of the Djemi Djema deposit mines of the Djebel Onk mines are sedimentary materials of several varieties of layers with varying thicknesses and are worth far more than 300m deep. The sands from the Djemi Djema business area are medium to coarse and are discharged and accumulated, generating a huge estimated quantity of more than 77424250 tonnes. This state of "resource" is of great importance so as to be oriented towards the fields of public works and civil engineering after having reached the acceptable properties of this resource <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reuse" title=" reuse"> reuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sands" title=" sands"> sands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20tests" title=" shear tests"> shear tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20rock" title=" waste rock"> waste rock</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119708/valorization-of-mining-waste-sand-of-djemi-djema-from-the-djbel-onk-mine-eastern-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119708.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">130</span> Adhesion of Biofilm to Surfaces Employed in Pipelines for Transporting Crude Oil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadjer%20Didouh">Hadjer Didouh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izzaddine%20Sameut%20Bouhaik"> Izzaddine Sameut Bouhaik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Hadj%20Meliani"> Mohammed Hadj Meliani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research delves into the intricate dynamics of biofilm adhesion on surfaces, particularly focusing on the widely employed X52 surface in oil and gas industry pipelines. Biofilms, characterized by microorganisms within a self-produced matrix, pose significant challenges due to their detrimental impact on surfaces. Our study integrates advanced molecular techniques and cutting-edge microscopy, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), to identify microbial communities and visually assess biofilm adhesion. Simultaneously, we concentrate on the X52 surface, utilizing impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization to gather electrochemical responses under various conditions. In conjunction with the broader investigation, we propose a novel approach to mitigate biofilm-induced corrosion challenges. This involves environmentally friendly inhibitors derived from plants, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional chemical treatments. Our inquiry screens and selects inhibitors based on their efficacy in hindering biofilm formation and reducing corrosion rates on the X52 surface. This study contributes valuable insights into the interplay between electrochemical processes and biofilm attachment on the X52 surface. Furthermore, the outcomes of this research have broader implications for the oil and gas industry, where biofilm-related corrosion is a persistent concern. The exploration of eco-friendly inhibitors not only holds promise for corrosion control but also aligns with environmental considerations and sustainability goals. The comprehensive nature of this research aims to enhance our understanding of biofilm dynamics, provide effective strategies for corrosion mitigation, and contribute to sustainable practices in pipeline management within the oil and gas sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-corrosion" title="bio-corrosion">bio-corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofilm" title=" biofilm"> biofilm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attachment" title=" attachment"> attachment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X52" title=" X52"> X52</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%2Fbacteria%20interface" title=" metal/bacteria interface"> metal/bacteria interface</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179806/adhesion-of-biofilm-to-surfaces-employed-in-pipelines-for-transporting-crude-oil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179806.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">47</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">129</span> Inhouse Inhibitor for Mitigating Corrosion in the Algerian Oil and Gas Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadjer%20Didouh">Hadjer Didouh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Hadj%20Meliani"> Mohamed Hadj Meliani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izzeddine%20Sameut%20Bouhaik"> Izzeddine Sameut Bouhaik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As global demand for natural gas intensifies, Algeria is increasing its production to meet this rising need, placing significant strain on the nation's extensive pipeline infrastructure. Sonatrach, Algeria's national oil and gas company, faces persistent challenges from metal corrosion, particularly microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC), leading to substantial economic losses. This study investigates the corrosion-inhibiting properties of Calotropis procera extracts, known as karanka, as a sustainable alternative to conventional inhibitors, which often pose environmental risks. The Calotropis procera extracts were evaluated for their efficacy on carbon steel API 5L X52 through electrochemical techniques, including potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), under simulated operational conditions at varying concentrations, particularly at 10%, and elevated temperatures up to 60°C. The results demonstrated remarkable inhibition efficiency, achieving 96.73% at 60°C, attributed to the formation of a stable protective film on the metal surface that suppressed anodic and cathodic corrosion reactions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the stability and adherence of these protective films, while EIS analysis indicated a significant increase in charge transfer resistance, highlighting the extract's effectiveness in enhancing corrosion resistance. The abundant availability of Calotropis procera in Algeria and its low-cost extraction processes present a promising opportunity for sustainable biocorrosion management strategies in the oil and gas industry, reinforcing the potential of plant-based extracts as viable alternatives to synthetic inhibitors for environmentally friendly corrosion control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion%20inhibition" title="corrosion inhibition">corrosion inhibition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calotropis%20procera" title=" calotropis procera"> calotropis procera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbiologically%20influenced%20corrosion" title=" microbiologically influenced corrosion"> microbiologically influenced corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eco-friendly%20inhibitor" title=" eco-friendly inhibitor"> eco-friendly inhibitor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191069/inhouse-inhibitor-for-mitigating-corrosion-in-the-algerian-oil-and-gas-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191069.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">25</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">128</span> System Survivability in Networks in the Context of Defense/Attack Strategies: The Large Scale</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Ben%20Yaghlane">Asma Ben Yaghlane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Naceur%20Azaiez"> Mohamed Naceur Azaiez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Mrad"> Mehdi Mrad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We investigate the large scale of networks in the context of network survivability under attack. We use appropriate techniques to evaluate and the attacker-based- and the defender-based-network survivability. The attacker is unaware of the operated links by the defender. Each attacked link has some pre-specified probability to be disconnected. The defender choice is so that to maximize the chance of successfully sending the flow to the destination node. The attacker however will select the cut-set with the highest chance to be disabled in order to partition the network. Moreover, we extend the problem to the case of selecting the best p paths to operate by the defender and the best k cut-sets to target by the attacker, for arbitrary integers p,k > 1. We investigate some variations of the problem and suggest polynomial-time solutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defense%2Fattack%20strategies" title="defense/attack strategies">defense/attack strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20scale" title="large scale">large scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=networks" title=" networks"> networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partitioning%20a%20network" title=" partitioning a network"> partitioning a network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40317/system-survivability-in-networks-in-the-context-of-defenseattack-strategies-the-large-scale" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40317.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">127</span> The Influence of Interest, Beliefs, and Identity with Mathematics on Achievement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Alzahrani">Asma Alzahrani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elizabeth%20Stojanovski"> Elizabeth Stojanovski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigated factors that influence mathematics achievement based on a sample of ninth-grade students (N  =  21,444) from the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009 (HSLS09). Key aspects studied included efficacy in mathematics, interest and enjoyment of mathematics, identity with mathematics and future utility beliefs and how these influence mathematics achievement. The predictability of mathematics achievement based on these factors was assessed using correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression. Spearman rank correlations and multiple regression analyses indicated positive and statistically significant relationships between the explanatory variables: mathematics efficacy, identity with mathematics, interest in and future utility beliefs with the response variable, achievement in mathematics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mathematics%20achievement" title="Mathematics achievement">Mathematics achievement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=math%20efficacy" title=" math efficacy"> math efficacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematics%20interest" title=" mathematics interest"> mathematics interest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factors%20influence" title=" factors influence"> factors influence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117253/the-influence-of-interest-beliefs-and-identity-with-mathematics-on-achievement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117253.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">126</span> Healthcare Associated Infections in an Intensive Care Unit in Tunisia: Incidence and Risk Factors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabiha%20Bouafia">Nabiha Bouafia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Ben%20Cheikh"> Asma Ben Cheikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Ammar"> Asma Ammar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olfa%20Ezzi"> Olfa Ezzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Mahjoub"> Mohamed Mahjoub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaoula%20Meddeb"> Khaoula Meddeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imed%20Chouchene"> Imed Chouchene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamadi%20Boussarsar"> Hamadi Boussarsar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mansour%20Njah"> Mansour Njah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Hospital acquired infections (HAI) cause significant morbidity, mortality, length of stay and hospital costs, especially in the intensive care unit (ICU), because of the debilitated immune systems of their patients and exposure to invasive devices. The aims of this study were to determine the rate and the risk factors of HAI in an ICU of a university hospital in Tunisia. Materials/Methods: A prospective study was conducted in the 8-bed adult medical ICU of a University Hospital (Sousse Tunisia) during 14 months from September 15th, 2015 to November 15th, 2016. Patients admitted for more than 48h were included. Their surveillance was stopped after the discharge from ICU or death. HAIs were defined according to standard Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria. Risk factors were analyzed by conditional stepwise logistic regression. The p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: During the study, 192 patients had admitted for more than 48 hours. Their mean age was 59.3± 18.20 years and 57.1% were male. Acute respiratory failure was the main reason of admission (72%). The mean SAPS II score calculated at admission was 32.5 ± 14 (range: 6 - 78). The exposure to the mechanical ventilation (MV) and the central venous catheter were observed in 169 (88 %) and 144 (75 %) patients, respectively. Seventy-three patients (38.02%) developed 94 HAIs. The incidence density of HAIs was 41.53 per 1000 patient day. Mortality rate in patients with HAIs was 65.8 %( n= 48). Regarding the type of infection, Ventilator Associated Pneumoniae (VAP) and central venous catheter Associated Infections (CVC AI) were the most frequent with Incidence density: 14.88/1000 days of MV for VAP and 20.02/1000 CVC days for CVC AI. There were 5 Peripheral Venous Catheter Associated Infections, 2 urinary tract infections, and 21 other HAIs. Gram-negative bacteria were the most common germs identified in HAIs: Multidrug resistant Acinetobacter Baumanii (45%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.96%) were the most frequently isolated. Univariate analysis showed that transfer from another hospital department (p= 0.001), intubation (p < 10-4), tracheostomy (p < 10-4), age (p=0.028), grade of acute respiratory failure (p=0.01), duration of sedation (p < 10-4), number of CVC (p < 10-4), length of mechanical ventilation (p < 10-4) and length of stay (p < 10-4), were associated to high risk of HAIS in ICU. Multivariate analysis reveals that independent risk factors for HAIs are: transfer from another hospital department: OR=13.44, IC 95% [3.9, 44.2], p < 10-4, duration of sedation: OR= 1.18, IC 95% [1.049, 1.325], p=0.006, high number of CVC: OR=2.78, IC 95% [1.73, 4.487], p < 10-4, and length of stay in ICU: OR= 1.14, IC 95% [1.066,1.22], p < 10-4. Conclusion: Prevention of nosocomial infections in ICUs is a priority of health care systems all around the world. Yet, their control requires an understanding of epidemiological data collected in these units. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20associated%20infections" title="healthcare associated infections">healthcare associated infections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incidence" title=" incidence"> incidence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intensive%20care%20unit" title=" intensive care unit"> intensive care unit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factors" title=" risk factors"> risk factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65625/healthcare-associated-infections-in-an-intensive-care-unit-in-tunisia-incidence-and-risk-factors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65625.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">125</span> Placenta Parenchymal Dysplasia: When to Depend on Color Doppler and MRI</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernard%20Olumide%20Ewuoso">Bernard Olumide Ewuoso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Gharaibeh"> Asma Gharaibeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rationale: Placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) resembles molar pregnancy quite a bit. Although there have been documented live births of healthy babies, obtaining an objective diagnosis is crucial to assisting the mother in making an educated decision on what option of management she would like to explore. Prenatal invasive testing is recommended to help obtain an objective diagnosis in cases of abnormal placenta. We present a 23-year-old who, at 14 weeks, had ultrasonographic findings suggestive of placental mesenchymal dysplasia. She was offered prenatal invasive testing but declined and opted for surgical management, with a diagnosis of PMD confirmed on histopathology. There will be occasions such as this when prenatal invasive testing is declined. In these situations, careful consideration can be given to color Doppler and MRI, especially if the patient decides to keep pregnancy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=placental%20mesenchymal%20dysplasisa" title="placental mesenchymal dysplasisa">placental mesenchymal dysplasisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molar%20pregnancy" title=" molar pregnancy"> molar pregnancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20invasive%20testing" title=" prenatal invasive testing"> prenatal invasive testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Color%20doppler" title=" Color doppler"> Color doppler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MRI" title=" MRI"> MRI</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189431/placenta-parenchymal-dysplasia-when-to-depend-on-color-doppler-and-mri" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">124</span> Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in a Medical Intensive Care Unit, Incidence and Risk Factors: A Case Control Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ammar%20Asma">Ammar Asma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouafia%20Nabiha"> Bouafia Nabiha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ben%20Cheikh%20Asma"> Ben Cheikh Asma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezzi%20Olfa"> Ezzi Olfa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahjoub%20Mohamed"> Mahjoub Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sma%20Nesrine"> Sma Nesrine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chouch%C3%A8ne%20Imed"> Chouchène Imed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boussarsar%20Hamadi"> Boussarsar Hamadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Njah%20Mansour"> Njah Mansour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is currently recognized as one of the most relevant causes of morbidity and mortality among intensive care unit (ICU) patients worldwide. Identifying modifiable risk factors for VAP could be helpful for future controlled interventional studies aiming at improving prevention of VAP. The purposes of this study were to determine the incidence and risk factors for VAP in in a Tunisian medical ICU. Materials / Methods: A retrospective case-control study design based on the prospective database collected over a 14-month period from September 15th, 2015 through November 15th, 2016 in an 8-bed medical ICU. Patients under ventilation for over 48 h were included. The number of cases was estimated by Epi-info Software with the power of statistical test equal to 90 %. Each case patient was successfully matched to two controls according to the length of mechanical ventilation (MV) before VAP for cases and the total length of MV in controls. VAP in the ICU was defined according to American Thoracic Society; Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines. Early onset or late-onset VAP were defined whether the infectious process occurred within or after 96 h of ICU admission. Patients’ risk factors, causes of admission, comorbidities and respiratory specimens collected were reviewed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine variables associated with VAP with a p-value < 0.05. Results: During the period study, a total of 169 patients under mechanical ventilation were considered, 34 patients (20.11%) developed at least one episode of VAP in the ICU. The incidence rate for VAP was 14.88/1000 ventilation days. Among these cases, 9 (26.5 %) were early-onset VAP and 25 (73.5 %) were late-onset VAP. It was a certain diagnosis in 66.7% of cases. Tracheal aspiration was positive in 80% of cases. Multi-drug resistant Acinerobacter baumanii was the most common species detected in cases; 67.64% (n=23). The rate of mortality out of cases was 88.23% (n= 30). In univariate analysis, the patients with VAP were statistically more likely to suffer from cardiovascular diseases (p=0.035) and prolonged duration of sedation (p=0.009) and tracheostomy (p=0.001), they also had a higher number of re-intubation (p=0.017) and a longer total time of intubation (p=0.012). Multivariate analysis showed that cardiovascular diseases (OR= 4.44; 95% IC= [1.3 - 14]; p=0.016), tracheostomy (OR= 4.2; 95% IC= [1.16 -15.12]; p= 0.028) and prolonged duration of sedation (OR=1.21; 95% IC= [1.07, 1.36]; p=0.002) were independent risk factors for the development of VAP. Conclusion: VAP constitutes a therapeutic challenge in an ICU setting, therefore; strategies that effectively prevent VAP are needed. An infection control-training program intended to all professional heath care in this unit insisting on bundles and elaboration of procedures are planned to reduce effectively incidence rate of VAP. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20control%20study" title="case control study">case control study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intensive%20care%20unit" title=" intensive care unit"> intensive care unit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factors" title=" risk factors"> risk factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ventilator%20associated%20pneumonia" title=" ventilator associated pneumonia"> ventilator associated pneumonia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65606/ventilator-associated-pneumonia-in-a-medical-intensive-care-unit-incidence-and-risk-factors-a-case-control-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">123</span> Modeling Intelligent Threats: Case of Continuous Attacks on a Specific Target</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Ben%20Yaghlane">Asma Ben Yaghlane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Naceur%20Azaiez"> Mohamed Naceur Azaiez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we treat a model that falls in the area of protecting targeted systems from intelligent threats including terrorism. We introduce the concept of system survivability, in the context of continuous attacks, as the probability that a system under attack will continue operation up to some fixed time t. We define a constant attack rate (CAR) process as an attack on a targeted system that follows an exponential distribution. We consider the superposition of several CAR processes. From the attacker side, we determine the optimal attack strategy that minimizes the system survivability. We also determine the optimal strengthening strategy that maximizes the system survivability under limited defensive resources. We use operations research techniques to identify optimal strategies of each antagonist. Our results may be used as interesting starting points to develop realistic protection strategies against intentional attacks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAR%20processes" title="CAR processes">CAR processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defense%2Fattack%20strategies" title=" defense/attack strategies"> defense/attack strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exponential%20failure" title=" exponential failure"> exponential failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survivability" title=" survivability"> survivability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83569/modeling-intelligent-threats-case-of-continuous-attacks-on-a-specific-target" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83569.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">122</span> Hybrid Obfuscation Technique for Reverse Engineering Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%E2%80%99a%20Mahfoud">Asma’a Mahfoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abu%20Bakar%20Md.%20Sultan"> Abu Bakar Md. Sultan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Azim%20Abd"> Abdul Azim Abd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhayati%20Mohd%20Ali"> Norhayati Mohd Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Novia%20Admodisastro"> Novia Admodisastro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Obfuscation is a practice to make something difficult and complicated. Programming code is ordinarily obfuscated to protect the intellectual property (IP) and prevent the attacker from reverse engineering (RE) a copyrighted software program. Obfuscation may involve encrypting some or all the code, transforming out potentially revealing data, renaming useful classes and variables (identifiers) names to meaningless labels, or adding unused or meaningless code to an application binary. Obfuscation techniques were not performing effectively recently as the reversing tools are able to break the obfuscated code. We propose in this paper a hybrid obfuscation technique that contains three approaches of renaming. Experimentation was conducted to test the effectiveness of the proposed technique. The experimentation has presented a promising result, where the reversing tools were not able to read the code. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intellectual%20property" title="intellectual property">intellectual property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obfuscation" title=" obfuscation"> obfuscation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20security" title=" software security"> software security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reverse%20engineering" title=" reverse engineering"> reverse engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116796/hybrid-obfuscation-technique-for-reverse-engineering-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116796.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">121</span> Preparation and Characterization of BaMnO₃ Application to the Photocatalytic Oxidation of Paracetamol under Solar Light</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dahmane%20Mohamed">Dahmane Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tab%20Asma"> Tab Asma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trari%20Mohamed"> Trari Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> BaMnO₃ nanoparticles were synthesized by a nitrate route. Its structure and physical properties were characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction, radio crystallographic analysis, ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy in diffuse reflectance mode, infrared spectroscopy, and electrochemical measurements. The optical study showed that barium manganese oxide presents a direct transition with band energy 2.13 eV. The electrochemical study allowed us to identify the redox peaks and the corrosion parameters. Capacitance measurement clearly showed n-type conductivity. The photodegradation of paracetamol by BaMnO₃ was followed by UV-visible spectrophotometry; the results were then confirmed by HPLC. BaMnO₃ has shown its photocatalytic efficiency in the photodegradation of 10 mg/L paracetamol under solar irradiation, with a yield of ≈ 88%. The kinetic study has shown that paracetamol degrades with first-order kinetics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BaMnO%E2%82%83" title="BaMnO₃">BaMnO₃</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photodegradation" title=" photodegradation"> photodegradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paracetamol" title=" paracetamol"> paracetamol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20measurements" title=" electrochemical measurements"> electrochemical measurements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20light" title=" solar light"> solar light</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166634/preparation-and-characterization-of-bamno3-application-to-the-photocatalytic-oxidation-of-paracetamol-under-solar-light" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166634.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">120</span> Investigating the Stylistic Features of Advertising: Ad Design and Creation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Ben%20Abdallah">Asma Ben Abdallah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Language has a powerful influence over people and their actions. The language of advertising has a very great impact on the consumer. It makes use of different features from the linguistic continuum. The present paper attempts to apply the theories of stylistics to the analysis of advertising texts. In order to decipher the stylistic features of the advertising discourse, 30 advertising text samples designed by MA Business students have been selected. These samples have been analyzed at the level of design and content. The study brings insights into the use of stylistic devices in advertising, and it reveals that both linguistic and non-linguistic features of advertisements are frequently employed to develop a well-thought-out design and content. The practical significance of the study is to highlight the specificities of the advertising genre so that people interested in the language of advertising (Business students and ESP teachers) will have a better understanding of the nature of the language used and the techniques of writing and designing ads. Similarly, those working in the advertising sphere (ad designers) will appreciate the specificities of the advertising discourse. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20language%20of%20advertising" title="the language of advertising">the language of advertising</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advertising%20discourse" title=" advertising discourse"> advertising discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ad%20design" title=" ad design"> ad design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stylistic%20features" title=" stylistic features"> stylistic features</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93408/investigating-the-stylistic-features-of-advertising-ad-design-and-creation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93408.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">238</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Meliani&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Meliani&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Meliani&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Meliani&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Meliani&page=2" 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