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Corporation Tramways</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Exeter</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Exe_Bridge_from_Bridge_St_Exeter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Exe_Bridge_from_Bridge_St_Exeter.jpg/220px-Exe_Bridge_from_Bridge_St_Exeter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Exe_Bridge_from_Bridge_St_Exeter.jpg/330px-Exe_Bridge_from_Bridge_St_Exeter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Exe_Bridge_from_Bridge_St_Exeter.jpg/440px-Exe_Bridge_from_Bridge_St_Exeter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="636" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">An electric tram crossing the <a href="/wiki/Exe_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Exe Bridge">Exe Bridge</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Operation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Locale</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Exeter" title="Exeter">Exeter</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Open</th><td class="infobox-data">6 April 1882</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Close</th><td class="infobox-data">19 August 1931</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Closed</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Infrastructure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge" title="Track gauge">Track gauge</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/3_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="3 ft 6 in gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">3 ft 6 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,067 mm</span>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Propulsion system(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Horse, electric</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Railway_electrification" title="Railway electrification">Electrification</a></th><td class="infobox-data">500-550 <a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">V</a> <a href="/wiki/Direct_current" title="Direct current">DC</a> <a href="/wiki/Overhead_line" title="Overhead line">overhead line</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Statistics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Network_length_(transport)#Route_length" title="Network length (transport)">Route length</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4.95 miles (7.97 km)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tramways in Exeter</b> were operated between 1882 and 1931. The first <a href="/wiki/Horsecar" title="Horsecar">horse-drawn trams</a> were operated by the <b>Exeter Tramway Company</b> but in 1904 the <b>Exeter Corporation</b> took over. They closed the old network and replaced it with a new one powered by electricity. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tramways_in_Exeter&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Horse_era">Horse era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tramways_in_Exeter&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Horse era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Opening_of_Exeter_Electric_Tramways_April_4th_1905_cropped_showing_horse_tram.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Opening_of_Exeter_Electric_Tramways_April_4th_1905_cropped_showing_horse_tram.jpg/220px-Opening_of_Exeter_Electric_Tramways_April_4th_1905_cropped_showing_horse_tram.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Opening_of_Exeter_Electric_Tramways_April_4th_1905_cropped_showing_horse_tram.jpg/330px-Opening_of_Exeter_Electric_Tramways_April_4th_1905_cropped_showing_horse_tram.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Opening_of_Exeter_Electric_Tramways_April_4th_1905_cropped_showing_horse_tram.jpg/440px-Opening_of_Exeter_Electric_Tramways_April_4th_1905_cropped_showing_horse_tram.jpg 2x" data-file-width="975" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>The last horse tram was paraded through the streets at the inauguration of the electric services in 1905</figcaption></figure> <p>An <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Parliament_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Acts of Parliament in the United Kingdom">Act of Parliament</a> was made in 1881 <i>"for making tramways in the county of Devon to be called Exeter Tramways"</i>. Under this the council gave 21 years of running powers over <a href="/wiki/Exeter" title="Exeter">Exeter</a>'s streets. The rights were assigned to a commercial company, The Exeter Tramway Company.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201017_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This company was launched in 1881 when its prospectus was published in The Times.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Board_of_directors" title="Board of directors">directors</a> were William Leigh Bernard, W. Standing, and WM Wood. The Manager and Inspector was SH Culley and the Secretary was J. Lord.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Exeter Tramway Company was formed at a meeting at the Black Horse Inn on Longbrook Street on 15 November 1881.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Construction of the tramway began on 3 January 1882 and it started horse-drawn tramway services in Exeter on 6 April 1882.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201017,_19_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201017,_19-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the routes along Sidwell Street and Heavitree Road proved to be popular, the company's failure to get permission for a line along Queen Street and High Street in the heart of the town made it difficult for the company to make a large operating surplus. This meant they were unable to expand the system or even keep the trams well maintained. As early as 1883 the company had difficulty in paying its mortgage and other debts.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201020_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201020-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company continued have financial difficulties and faced liquidation in 1888.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Company was subject to a Compulsory Winding Up Order dated 10 March 1888 and attempts by the Liquidator to find a buyer were unsuccessful. The Company was dissolved by the High Court on 7 August 1889.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1892 it was taken over by the Tramway Purchase Syndicate and leased to Frederick Burt and Company.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201020_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201020-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, even under the new ownership, problems were ongoing. In 1893 Sunday services were suspended through the spring, and the route up the steep hill from <a href="/wiki/Exeter_St_Davids_railway_station" title="Exeter St Davids railway station">Exeter St David's</a> into town was abandoned.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201020–21_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201020–21-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the start of the twentieth century, the 21 year life of the act which set up the system was coming to its end and the corporation had a right to purchase the business.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201023–24_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201023–24-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1903 the Exeter Corporation Bill was passed in Parliament which gave the corporation the right to buy out the Exeter Tramway Company and construct a new system.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201027_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201027-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company and stock of the tramway was purchased by Exeter Corporation on 1 February 1904 for £6,749.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201037_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201037-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Exeter_Corporation_Tramways" class="mw-redirect" title="Exeter Corporation Tramways">Exeter Corporation Tramways</a> built a new system of electric trams. The last horse-drawn tram ran on 4 April 1905. Going in front of the first electric tram service it travelled from the Guildhall and then along the High Street, down New North Road, to the tram shed and into retirement.<sup id="cite_ref-exeter-memories_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exeter-memories-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electric_era">Electric era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tramways_in_Exeter&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Electric era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1882 the <a href="/wiki/Exeter_Tramway_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Exeter Tramway Company">Exeter Tramway Company</a> had been operating a <a href="/wiki/Horsecar" title="Horsecar">horse-drawn tramway service</a>. The authority to run this service had been granted under a 21-year act, and so by 1900 the act was coming up for renewal. Two private companies approached the city council to seek permission to replace the horse trams with electric trams. However, the city council decided to investigate the possibility of running the trams services themselves. Members of the Tramways Committee went to visit other tram systems, including ones in London, Birmingham, Southampton and even going to France to visit systems in Paris, Rouen and Le Havre. The report prepared by the city surveyor and its electrical engineer supported the adoption of an <a href="/wiki/Overhead_line" title="Overhead line">overhead trolley system</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201023–24_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201023–24-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 1902 a poll of residents was taken on two questions - whether to present a Parliamentary Bill for the right to run the trams and whether the trams should run along the High Street. The first questions was approved with a 79% majority and the second with a majority of 75%. The previous horse tram system had been refused permission to run along the High Street. This was despite opposition from some local business leaders such as Charles Josiah Ross (owner of a local draper and outfitters shop) and other firms such as Hinton Lake the chemists and W.R. Lisle, jewellers.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201024–25_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201024–25-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1903 a <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Parliament_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Acts of Parliament in the United Kingdom">Bill</a> was passed in Parliament for the right to buy out the Exeter Tramways Company and for the city to build and run a new system. The cost of setting up the electric tramways was £65,200. The cost included £6,800 to buy out the previous company and all the track, stock and horses. Construction of the tramways involved considerable disruption to the High Street with the road being dug up and a number of properties being demolished to make way for the trams. This led to <a href="/wiki/St_Petrocks_Church,_Exeter" class="mw-redirect" title="St Petrocks Church, Exeter">St Petrocks Church</a> being on the street frontage (having previously been hidden) and the demolition of its porch.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201027–29_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201027–29-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first test of the new electric trams took place on 24 March 1905 from the new <a href="/wiki/Traction_maintenance_depot" class="mw-redirect" title="Traction maintenance depot">depot</a> at the end of Paris Street. The tram had just set off towards <a href="/wiki/Livery_Dole" title="Livery Dole">Livery Dole</a> when all its lights went out. Fortunately this was found to simply be a minor problem with the engagement of the trolley arm and The <a href="/wiki/Board_of_Trade" title="Board of Trade">Board of Trade</a> Inspector approved the system.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201030_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201030-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The official opening was on 4 April 1905 at 12.30. Five Trams were lined up outside the <a href="/wiki/Exeter_Guildhall" title="Exeter Guildhall">Guildhall</a>, including the only horse tram ever to travel down the High Street. The first electric tram was driven by the Mayor who was presented with a silver <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tram_controls&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tram controls (page does not exist)">tram handle</a>. Once the tram had travelled to Livery Dole and back, the Mayor gave a speech from the top deck of the first tram.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201030–31_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201030–31-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By June 1905 the trams were already carrying 80,000 passengers per week.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201053_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201053-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Special fares for workers were offered with cheaper fares for early morning and early evening travel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201053_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201053-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first services only operated from the Guildhall to Mount Pleasant Inn and from St David's to Livery Dole. By September 1906 however, the route crossing the bridge across the River Exe opened with a line out to Stone Lane in Alphington.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201053_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201053-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There was considerable debate about whether to carrying advertising on the trams. Adverts on tickets was introduced from start but many members of council felt that it was not appropriate for a corporation owned service. It was only in 1920 that advertising was carried routinely on the trams.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201058–61_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201058–61-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the trams continued to run during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, they faced severe difficulties. Almost 80% of the staff were involved with war service of some sort with 60% going to war overseas. Women were employed as conductresses but being a motorman (driver) was still seen as a man's job. Due to lack of trained staff, the trams often did not run the full length of the line, leaving passengers to walk to their destinations. The frequency of the trams was reduced in January 1918 from one every eight minutes to one every nine minutes but the trams were still often late and overcrowded. Maintenance also became an issue both from lack of materials and money to pay for them. This lack of maintenance may have contributed to the only fatal accident that ever occurred on the trams.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201058–61_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201058–61-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 6 March 1917 a tramcar got out of control on Fore Street Hill. It collided with a lorry belonging to the London and South Western Railway. A Mrs. Mary Findlay was killed when the car left the rails and overturned.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Closure">Closure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tramways_in_Exeter&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Closure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By the late 1920s, traffic in the centre of Exeter was becoming an increasing problem - especially during the summer. The High Street was a major bottleneck as almost all the through traffic had to pass along it. All vehicles coming from Bath or Honiton and going towards Plymouth, Torquay or Okehampton had to go through the centre of town and across the Exe Bridge. Between 1920 and 1930 the number of motor vehicles travelling along the High Street each day increased from 1,314 to 5,901. Although some bypass road were built such as Prince of Wales Road and the Hill Barton bypass to Countess Wear, this did little to solve the problems. Part of the problem was perceived to be due to the trams - especially so, given the narrow streets of parts of Exeter and the large proportion of the system which was single track.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville2010105–122_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville2010105–122-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The tramways committee first introduced bus services in 1928 to serve areas which the trams did not go to. These motor buses were single deckers; Maudslay, Leyland and Bristols. The Maudslay ML3 no 5 (FJ6154)of this period is now preserved. After testing several different buses they eventually chose AEC Regent and Leyland TD2 double deckers (delivered in 1931).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the councillors could not decide whether to replace the trams completely with buses, they commissioned a report from an independent expert whose report was completed in April 1929. He found that there was a backlog of track renewals and other repairs, that the narrow streets were not suitable for trams and that at an average speed of 6.5 miles per hour (compared to 9.5 mph in London) the trams were slower than in any of 11 other cities. In council elections in November 1929, the Labour Party campaigned on a platform of keeping the trams but their vote declined. In 1930 the council finally decide to replace the trams with double-decker buses.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville2010115–118_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville2010115–118-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 1931 the service along Alphington Road ended and the final trams ran on 19 August 1931. The last ever tram was driven by Mr E.C. Perry who as mayor, had driven the first tram. The last tram, car 14, was followed by a double decker bus to usher in the new age. Mr E.C. Perry was presented with a silver-plated control handle and Mr Bradley, Chairman of the Transport Committee was presented the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tram_controls&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tram controls (page does not exist)">reverse lever</a> which was also silver-plated and inscribed.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville2010118–121_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville2010118–121-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the tramcars (No. 19) survived and was restored on the <a href="/wiki/Seaton_Tramway" title="Seaton Tramway">Seaton Tramway</a> but as a single deck tram.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville2010124_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville2010124-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Routes">Routes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tramways_in_Exeter&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Routes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Horse_services">Horse services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tramways_in_Exeter&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Horse services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Exeter_tram_system_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Map of the horse drawn system" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/64/Exeter_tram_system_map.jpg/220px-Exeter_tram_system_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/64/Exeter_tram_system_map.jpg/330px-Exeter_tram_system_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/64/Exeter_tram_system_map.jpg/440px-Exeter_tram_system_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="592" data-file-height="408" /></a><figcaption>A map of the horse - drawn tram system</figcaption></figure> <p>The system had 3 main routes radiating from just outside the East gate of the city. The first trams in 1882, ran from the Bude Hotel in London Inn Square to a stop on Heavitree Road near <a href="/wiki/University_of_Exeter#St_Luke.E2.80.99s_College_Exeter" title="University of Exeter">St Luke's College</a> and was extended to <a href="/wiki/Livery_Dole" title="Livery Dole">Livery Dole</a> in May 1893. Two additional routes were introduced in 1893: one ran along New North Road, and then down St David's Hill to the Railway station; th third route went to the end of Mount Pleasant Road via Sidwell Street and Blackboy Road.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201086_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201086-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, a plan to run trams along Queen Street and High Street then on to Barnfield was prevented by the opposition of shop owners on these streets and also by residents. A planned branch along Queen Street as far the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Albert_Memorial_Museum" title="Royal Albert Memorial Museum">Royal Albert Memorial Museum</a> was never built. The <a href="/wiki/Traction_maintenance_depot" class="mw-redirect" title="Traction maintenance depot">depot</a> was in a shed off New North Road.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201018–19_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201018–19-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The company also ran connecting horse-bus services which went to <a href="/wiki/Alphington,_Devon" title="Alphington, Devon">Alphington</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kennford" title="Kennford">Kennford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pinhoe" title="Pinhoe">Pinhoe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Broadclyst" title="Broadclyst">Broadclyst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Topsham,_Devon" title="Topsham, Devon">Topsham</a> and to the end of Union Road.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201019_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201019-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There was a flat fare of 1d for a single journey, and 3d for a through journey which via London Inn Square.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville2010101–102_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville2010101–102-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electric_services">Electric services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tramways_in_Exeter&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Electric services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Exeter_1930_tram.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Exeter_1930_tram.jpg/220px-Exeter_1930_tram.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Exeter_1930_tram.jpg/330px-Exeter_1930_tram.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Exeter_1930_tram.jpg/440px-Exeter_1930_tram.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3610" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>The network in 1930</figcaption></figure> <p>The electric trams expanded considerably the routes of the former horse tram. The most significant new route was the one which ran along the High Street, over the <a href="/wiki/River_Exe" title="River Exe">River Exe</a>, on the bridge completed in 1905, and then divided into two with one branch which ran along Alphington Road as far as Stone Lane, and a second branch went to the top of Cowick Street. The route down Pinhoe Road now went to Abbey Road and that along Heavitree Road was extended through Heavitree (then outside the city boundary) to Cross Park. The section of the horse tram route along New North Road was not included in the new system.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201087–90_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201087–90-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Once completed the system operated three routes: </p> <ul><li>Cross Park Terrace (Heavitree) to Cowick Street, via Paris Street, High Street and the Exe Bridge.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201087–88_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201087–88-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The symbol for this route was a white <a href="/wiki/Saltire" title="Saltire">saltire</a> cross on a red background.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201043_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201043-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Abbey Road junction with Pinhoe Road to Stone Lane junction with Alphington Road, via Sidwell Street, High Street and the Exe Bridge.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201087–88_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201087–88-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The symbol for this route was a green circle on a white background.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201043_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201043-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Exeter St. David's Station to Pinhoe Road via Hele Road. Some trams terminated at Queen Street.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201087–88_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201087–88-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The symbol for this route was a white circle on a green background.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201043_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201043-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Proposed_extensions">Proposed extensions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tramways_in_Exeter&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Proposed extensions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several further extensions were proposed but none of them were ever built.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201091_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201091-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original agreed plans included the following additional routes: down Eastgate to Southernhay; down Longbrook Street and up to Pennsylvania Road; along Bonhay from Fore Street to St David's station; along Denmark Road from Magdalen Street and one down South Street. To ensure the service remained profitable none of these were built.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201088–89_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201088–89-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later proposal for extensions included extensions of the Heavitee line and an extension from Pinhoe road to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Whipton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Whipton (page does not exist)">Whipton</a>. The later proposal got approval for a loan from the <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Transport" title="Department for Transport">Ministry of Transport</a> but was never built.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201091_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201091-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tram_cars">Tram cars</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tramways_in_Exeter&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Tram cars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Exe_Bridge_from_Bridge_St_Exeter_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Exe_Bridge_from_Bridge_St_Exeter_cropped.jpg/220px-Exe_Bridge_from_Bridge_St_Exeter_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Exe_Bridge_from_Bridge_St_Exeter_cropped.jpg/330px-Exe_Bridge_from_Bridge_St_Exeter_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Exe_Bridge_from_Bridge_St_Exeter_cropped.jpg/440px-Exe_Bridge_from_Bridge_St_Exeter_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1023" /></a><figcaption>A double-deck electric car</figcaption></figure> <p>The horse trams were built to <a href="/wiki/3_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="3 ft 6 in gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">3 ft 6 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,067 mm</span>) gauge<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201093_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201093-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the first ones were single deckers. Three trams were purchased from the <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Wagon_%26_Carriage_Works" title="Bristol Wagon & Carriage Works">Bristol Wagon & Carriage Works</a>' for the opening in 1882. The trams seated sixteen passengers on the inside with four more on the rear platform. The trams were yellow with chocolate brown lettering. Three more trams were bought 1883, when the complete network was opened and then two more in 1884. Around the mid-1890s, the company bought its first double decker trams, again from the <i>Bristol Wagon and Carriage Work Company</i>. A minimum of 6 of these were purchased along with a final single decker tram in a <a href="/wiki/Toast_rack_(rail_transport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Toast rack (rail transport)">toast-rack</a> style. When the company was bought out, there were four remaining double decker trams and one single decker.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201034–37_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201034–37-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Each tram was pulled by a team of two horses. They would be <a href="/wiki/Horse_training" title="Horse training">trained</a> by local farmers, first by pulling carts and then moving on to the trams. After they were no longer able to pull the trams, they would be sold back to the farms for lighter work. There were several convictions of tram drivers for cruelty to the horses. At the end of horse-drawn tram services, there were twenty-two horses owned by the company which were sold off by Exeter Corporation for about £15 each.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201037–38_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201037–38-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over the whole of its existence, Exeter Corporation Tramways bought a total of 37 trams. These were numbered 1-24 (without a number 13) in the first series and 1-4 in the second series. All were open top double deck trams with four wheels. Trams 1-21 were purchased between April 1905 and August 1906 from <a href="/wiki/Dick,_Kerr_%26_Co." title="Dick, Kerr & Co.">Dick, Kerr & Co.</a> of Preston. They had two 25 <a href="/wiki/Horsepower" title="Horsepower">horsepower</a> (19 kW) motors and had 42 seats, 20 on the lower and 22 on the upper deck. Nos 22-25, bought in December 1914 were the first purchased from <a href="/wiki/Brush_Traction" title="Brush Traction">Brush</a> (as were all the later trams) and had two 34 horsepower (25 kW) motors and seated 44. After World War I two new cars were purchased (26 and 27). These had seats for 54 passengers. Car 27 was the first to be fitted with an enclosed cab. Nos 28-30 were bought in 1925 and were followed by the last of the first series - no 31-34 in 1926. The last trams were purchased in 1929 (1-4 of the new series) and were initially intended for the planned extension to Whipton. They had two <a href="/wiki/General_Electric_Company_plc" class="mw-redirect" title="General Electric Company plc">General Electric</a> 50 horsepower (37 kW) motors and could seat 53 people. They were delivered only months before the decision was made to bring an end to the tram services. In 1931 these four tramcars were sold to Halifax Corporation for £200 each. They ran there for a further 7 years until finally being withdrawn in November 1938.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201038–48_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201038–48-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The livery of the trams was dark green and cream with gold lettering and a dark maroon under carriage.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201038–48_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201038–48-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Preservation">Preservation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tramways_in_Exeter&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Preservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The body of Car 19 was acquired by <a href="/wiki/Seaton_Tramway" title="Seaton Tramway">Seaton Tramway</a> in 1994, having previously been used as a summerhouse at Rewe and latterly Winkleigh. Due to the narrower gauge at Seaton (2ft 9in / 838mm), it had to be restored as a single deck saloon but otherwise retains the original proportions, along with a good deal of original bodywork and other preserved features, such as the seats.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> It entered service in September 1998, retaining its Exeter fleet number.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accidents">Accidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tramways_in_Exeter&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Accidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 26 September 1885 the worst accident of the horse-tram era occurred when the brakes failed while a tram was going down St David's Hill and it overturned. The horses and four passengers were injured.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201035_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201035-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There was one fatal accident on the system on 17 March 1917 after a tram ran out of control down the steep hill of Fore Street, picking up speed and eventually overturning on Exe Bridge.<sup id="cite_ref-ExeterMemories_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ExeterMemories-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Power_supplies">Power supplies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tramways_in_Exeter&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Power supplies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lamp_standard_and_ferry,_Exeter_Quay_-_geograph.org.uk_-_836757.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Lamp_standard_and_ferry%2C_Exeter_Quay_-_geograph.org.uk_-_836757.jpg/220px-Lamp_standard_and_ferry%2C_Exeter_Quay_-_geograph.org.uk_-_836757.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Lamp_standard_and_ferry%2C_Exeter_Quay_-_geograph.org.uk_-_836757.jpg/330px-Lamp_standard_and_ferry%2C_Exeter_Quay_-_geograph.org.uk_-_836757.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Lamp_standard_and_ferry%2C_Exeter_Quay_-_geograph.org.uk_-_836757.jpg/440px-Lamp_standard_and_ferry%2C_Exeter_Quay_-_geograph.org.uk_-_836757.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Lamp standard from the 1905 Exe Bridge which was also a traction pole. Now at <a href="/wiki/Butts_Ferry" title="Butts Ferry">Butts Ferry</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The power for the trams was provided by the newly <a href="/wiki/Municipalization" title="Municipalization">municipalised</a> City of Exeter Electricity Company who in 1904 had built a new <a href="/wiki/Power_station" title="Power station">power station</a> at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haven_Banks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haven Banks (page does not exist)">Haven Banks</a>. The trams had the benefit for the company of providing a <a href="/wiki/Electrical_load" title="Electrical load">load</a> during the daytime.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201027_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201027-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new power station was <a href="/wiki/Fossil-fuel_power_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Fossil-fuel power station">coal fired</a> with generators made by <a href="/wiki/British_Westinghouse" title="British Westinghouse">British Westinghouse</a> and with cabling installed in stone lined conduits by <a href="/wiki/Siemens_Brothers" title="Siemens Brothers">Siemens Brothers</a> of London.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It generated a total power of 1,300 kW <a href="/wiki/Alternating_current" title="Alternating current">AC</a> output which was <a href="/wiki/Electric_power_conversion" title="Electric power conversion">converted</a> to <a href="/wiki/Direct_current" title="Direct current">DC</a> at 500-550 V for the trams. The trams were supplied their power through a <a href="/wiki/Overhead_line" title="Overhead line">trolley system</a> and most of the traction poles had side brackets included the ones which were part of the design of the <a href="/wiki/Exe_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Exe Bridge">Exe Bridge</a> built in 1905. Some of the pole were also used for street lighting and it is still possible to see some of the bases of the poles, for example among the railings on Hele Road. The system was split into sections which could be isolated and were powered independently. So that problems could be reported quickly, each of the section pillars which provided the supply also had a telephone to the power station and the depot.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201097–99_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201097–99-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tramways_in_Exeter&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201017-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201017_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, p. 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Times, 26 September 1881</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Stock Exchange Year Book, 1883</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.exetermemories.co.uk/em/_pubs/black_horse.php">"The Black Horse Inn, Longbrook Street"</a>. <i>Exeter Memories</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Exeter+Memories&rft.atitle=The+Black+Horse+Inn%2C+Longbrook+Street&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.exetermemories.co.uk%2Fem%2F_pubs%2Fblack_horse.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATramways+in+Exeter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201017,_19-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201017,_19_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 17, 19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201020-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201020_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201020_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, p. 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Railway times, Volume 54, 1888</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The National Archives File C 26/218</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201020–21-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201020–21_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 20–21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201023–24-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201023–24_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201023–24_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 23–24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201027-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201027_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201027_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, p. 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201037-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201037_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, p. 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-exeter-memories-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-exeter-memories_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.exetermemories.co.uk/em/exetertransport.php">"Trams and buses in Exeter"</a>. <i>Exeter Memories</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Exeter+Memories&rft.atitle=Trams+and+buses+in+Exeter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.exetermemories.co.uk%2Fem%2Fexetertransport.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATramways+in+Exeter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201024–25-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201024–25_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 24–25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201027–29-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201027–29_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 27–29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201030-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201030_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, p. 30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201030–31-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201030–31_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 30–31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201053-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201053_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201053_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201053_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, p. 53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201058–61-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201058–61_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201058–61_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 58–61.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Crediton Chronicle, Saturday 10 Mar 1917</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville2010105–122-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville2010105–122_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 105–122.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLocal_Transport_History_Society2016" class="citation book cs1">Local Transport History Society (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lths.lutsociety.org.uk/library/PDF-157-2.pdf"><i>Exeter Corporation Transport 1904 - 1970, including Exeter Tramways Company 1882 - 1904</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (2 ed.)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Exeter+Corporation+Transport+1904+-+1970%2C+including+Exeter+Tramways+Company+1882+-+1904&rft.edition=2&rft.date=2016&rft.au=Local+Transport+History+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flths.lutsociety.org.uk%2Flibrary%2FPDF-157-2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATramways+in+Exeter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville2010115–118-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville2010115–118_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 115–118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville2010118–121-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville2010118–121_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 118–121.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville2010124-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville2010124_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, p. 124.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tram.co.uk/p/fleet-list">"fleet list"</a>. <i>Seaton Tramways Website</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Seaton+Tramways+Website&rft.atitle=fleet+list&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tram.co.uk%2Fp%2Ffleet-list&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATramways+in+Exeter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201086-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201086_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, p. 86.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201018–19-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201018–19_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 18–19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201019-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201019_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, p. 19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville2010101–102-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville2010101–102_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 101–102.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201087–90-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201087–90_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 87–90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201087–88-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201087–88_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201087–88_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201087–88_32-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 87–88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201043-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201043_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201043_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201043_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, p. 43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201091-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201091_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201091_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, p. 91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201088–89-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201088–89_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 88–89.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201093-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201093_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, p. 93.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201034–37-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201034–37_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 34–37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201037–38-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201037–38_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 37–38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201038–48-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201038–48_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201038–48_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 38–48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tram.co.uk/fleet-list/category/trams">"Fleet list"</a>. <i>Seaton Tramway</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Seaton+Tramway&rft.atitle=Fleet+list&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tram.co.uk%2Ffleet-list%2Fcategory%2Ftrams&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATramways+in+Exeter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201035-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201035_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, p. 35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ExeterMemories-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ExeterMemories_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.exetermemories.co.uk/EM/exetertransport.html">Exeter Memories page on Local Transport</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101230222246/http://www.exetermemories.co.uk/EM/exetertransport.html">Archived</a> 30 December 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.exetermemories.co.uk/em/electricitystation.php">"Electricity Generation in Exeter"</a>. <i>Exeter Memories</i>. 27 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Exeter+Memories&rft.atitle=Electricity+Generation+in+Exeter&rft.date=2011-07-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.exetermemories.co.uk%2Fem%2Felectricitystation.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATramways+in+Exeter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENeville201097–99-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENeville201097–99_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNeville2010">Neville 2010</a>, pp. 97–99.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tramways_in_Exeter&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Trams_in_Exeter" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Trams in Exeter">Trams in Exeter</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeville2010" class="citation book cs1">Neville, Julia (2010). <i>Exeter and the Trams 1882-1931</i>. Exeter Civic Society. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9544343-1-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9544343-1-1"><bdi>978-0-9544343-1-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Exeter+and+the+Trams+1882-1931&rft.pub=Exeter+Civic+Society&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-9544343-1-1&rft.aulast=Neville&rft.aufirst=Julia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATramways+in+Exeter" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tramways_in_Exeter&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tramwaybadgesandbuttons.com/page148/page149/page341/page341.html">Exeter Tramways at the British Tramway Company Badges and Buttons website.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tramwaybadgesandbuttons.com/page148/page149/page291/page291.html">Exeter Corporation Tramways at the British Tramway Company Badges and Buttons website.</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output 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style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Street_Tramways" title="Cambridge Street Tramways">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colchester_Corporation_Tramways" title="Colchester Corporation Tramways">Colchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Yarmouth_Corporation_Tramways" title="Great Yarmouth Corporation Tramways">Great Yarmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipswich_Corporation_Tramways" title="Ipswich Corporation Tramways">Ipswich Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipswich_Tramway" title="Ipswich Tramway">Ipswich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowestoft_Corporation_Tramways" title="Lowestoft Corporation Tramways">Lowestoft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luton_Corporation_Tramways" title="Luton Corporation Tramways">Luton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwich_Electric_Tramways" title="Norwich Electric Tramways">Norwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterborough_Tramways" title="Peterborough Tramways">Peterborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southend-on-Sea_Corporation_Tramways" class="mw-redirect" title="Southend-on-Sea Corporation Tramways">Southend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisbech_and_Upwell_Tramway" title="Wisbech and Upwell Tramway">Wisbech & Upwell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East Midlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alford_and_Sutton_Tramway" title="Alford and Sutton Tramway">Alford & Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesterfield_tramway" title="Chesterfield tramway">Chesterfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derby_Corporation_Tramways" title="Derby Corporation Tramways">Derby Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derby_Tramways_Company" title="Derby Tramways Company">Derby Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossop_Tramway" title="Glossop Tramway">Glossop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilkeston_Corporation_Tramways" title="Ilkeston Corporation Tramways">Ilkeston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Tramways_Company" title="Lincoln Tramways Company">Lincoln Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Corporation_Tramways" title="Lincoln Corporation Tramways">Lincoln Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leicester_Tramways_Company" title="Leicester Tramways Company">Leicester Tramways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leicester_Corporation_Tramways" title="Leicester Corporation Tramways">Leicester Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansfield_and_District_Light_Railways" title="Mansfield and District Light Railways">Mansfield & District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matlock_Cable_Tramway" title="Matlock Cable Tramway">Matlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northampton_Corporation_Tramways" title="Northampton Corporation Tramways">Northampton Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northampton_Street_Tramways" title="Northampton Street Tramways">Northampton Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nottingham_Corporation_Tramways" title="Nottingham Corporation Tramways">Nottingham Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nottingham_%26_District_Tramways_Company" title="Nottingham & District Tramways Company">Nottingham & District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nottinghamshire_and_Derbyshire_Tramways_Company" title="Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Tramways Company">Nottinghamshire & Derbyshire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">London</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barking_Town_Urban_District_Council_Light_Railways" title="Barking Town Urban District Council Light Railways">Barking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croydon_Corporation_Tramways" title="Croydon Corporation Tramways">Croydon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsway_tramway_subway" title="Kingsway tramway subway">Kingsway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_London" title="Trams in London">London</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Ham_Corporation_Tramways" title="East Ham Corporation Tramways">East Ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erith_Urban_District_Council_Tramways" title="Erith Urban District Council Tramways">Erith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilford_Urban_District_Council_Tramways" title="Ilford Urban District Council Tramways">Ilford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyton_Urban_District_Council_Tramways" title="Leyton Urban District Council Tramways">Leyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_County_Council_Tramways" title="London County Council Tramways">London County Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_United_Tramways" title="London United Tramways">London United</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walthamstow_Urban_District_Council_Light_Railways" title="Walthamstow Urban District Council Light Railways">Walthamstow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Ham_Corporation_Tramways" title="West Ham Corporation Tramways">West Ham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darlington_Corporation_Light_Railways" title="Darlington Corporation Light Railways">Darlington Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darlington_Street_Railroad_Company" title="Darlington Street Railroad Company">Darlington Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gateshead_and_District_Tramways_Company" title="Gateshead and District Tramways Company">Gateshead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartlepool_Electric_Tramways" title="Hartlepool Electric Tramways">Hartlepool Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartlepools_Steam_Tramways_Company" title="Hartlepools Steam Tramways Company">Hartlepools Steam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarrow_and_District_Electric_Tramway" title="Jarrow and District Electric Tramway">Jarrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesbrough_and_Stockton_Tramways_Company" title="Middlesbrough and Stockton Tramways Company">Middlesbrough & Stockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesbrough_Corporation_Tramways" title="Middlesbrough Corporation Tramways">Middlesbrough Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesbrough,_Stockton_and_Thornaby_Electric_Tramways_Company" title="Middlesbrough, Stockton and Thornaby Electric Tramways Company">Middlesbrough, Stockton & Thornaby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newcastle_Corporation_Tramways" title="Newcastle Corporation Tramways">Newcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Shields_Corporation_Tramways" title="South Shields Corporation Tramways">South Shields Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Shields_Tramways" title="South Shields Tramways">South Shields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockton_and_Darlington_Steam_Tramway_Company" title="Stockton and Darlington Steam Tramway Company">Stockton & Darlington Steam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockton_and_District_Tramways_Company" title="Stockton and District Tramways Company">Stockton & District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunderland_Tramways_Company" title="Sunderland Tramways Company">Sunderland Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunderland_Corporation_Tramways" title="Sunderland Corporation Tramways">Sunderland Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunderland_District_Electric_Tramways" title="Sunderland District Electric Tramways">Sunderland District Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tynemouth_and_District_Tramways" title="Tynemouth and District Tramways">Tynemouth & District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tynemouth_and_District_Electric_Traction_Company" title="Tynemouth and District Electric Traction Company">Tynemouth & District Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyneside_Tramways_and_Tramroads_Company" title="Tyneside Tramways and Tramroads Company">Tyneside</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accrington_Corporation_Tramways" title="Accrington Corporation Tramways">Accrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accrington_Corporation_Steam_Tramways_Company" title="Accrington Corporation Steam Tramways Company">Accrington Steam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrow-in-Furness_Tramways_Company" title="Barrow-in-Furness Tramways Company">Barrow-in-Furness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birkenhead_Corporation_Tramways" title="Birkenhead Corporation Tramways">Birkenhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackburn_and_Over_Darwen_Tramways_Company" title="Blackburn and Over Darwen Tramways Company">Blackburn & Over Darwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackburn_Corporation_Tramways" title="Blackburn Corporation Tramways">Blackburn Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackpool_and_Fleetwood_Tramroad" title="Blackpool and Fleetwood Tramroad">Blackpool & Fleetwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackpool_Electric_Tramway_Company" title="Blackpool Electric Tramway Company">Blackpool Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackpool_tramway" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackpool tramway">Blackpool Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolton_Corporation_Tramways" title="Bolton Corporation Tramways">Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnley_Corporation_Tramways" title="Burnley Corporation Tramways">Burnley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bury_Corporation_Tramways" title="Bury Corporation Tramways">Bury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Carlisle_Electric_Tramways" title="City of Carlisle Electric Tramways">Carlisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_Corporation_Tramways" title="Chester Corporation Tramways">Chester Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_Tramways_Company" title="Chester Tramways Company">Chester Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colne_and_Trawden_Light_Railway_Company" title="Colne and Trawden Light Railway Company">Colne & Trawden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darwen_Corporation_Tramways" title="Darwen Corporation Tramways">Darwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heaton_Park#Heaton_Park_Tramway" title="Heaton Park">Heaton Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Corporation_Tramways" title="Lancaster Corporation Tramways">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Corporation_Tramways" title="Liverpool Corporation Tramways">Liverpool Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Tramways_Company" title="Liverpool Tramways Company">Liverpool Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lytham_St._Annes_Corporation_Tramways" class="mw-redirect" title="Lytham St. Annes Corporation Tramways">Lytham St Annes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Corporation_Tramways" title="Manchester Corporation Tramways">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morecambe_Tramways" title="Morecambe Tramways">Morecambe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Corporation_Tramways" title="Nelson Corporation Tramways">Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Swan_Tramway" title="Old Swan Tramway">Old Swan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preston_Corporation_Tramways" title="Preston Corporation Tramways">Preston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawtenstall_Corporation_Tramways" title="Rawtenstall Corporation Tramways">Rawtenstall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochdale_Corporation_Tramways" title="Rochdale Corporation Tramways">Rochdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Lancashire_Tramways" title="South Lancashire Tramways">South Lancashire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southport_Corporation_Tramways" title="Southport Corporation Tramways">Southport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Helens_Corporation_Tramways" title="St Helens Corporation Tramways">St Helens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockport_Corporation_Tramways" title="Stockport Corporation Tramways">Stockport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SHMD_Joint_Board" title="SHMD Joint Board">Stalybridge, Hyde, Mossley & Dukinfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallasey_Corporation_Tramways" title="Wallasey Corporation Tramways">Wallasey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrington_Corporation_Tramways" title="Warrington Corporation Tramways">Warrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigan_Corporation_Tramways" title="Wigan Corporation Tramways">Wigan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_Corporation_Tramways" title="Brighton Corporation Tramways">Brighton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_and_Shoreham_Tramways" title="Brighton and Shoreham Tramways">Brighton & Shoreham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brill_Tramway" title="Brill Tramway">Brill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chatham_and_District_Light_Railways_Company" title="Chatham and District Light Railways Company">Chatham & District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dover_Corporation_Tramways" title="Dover Corporation Tramways">Dover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folkestone,_Hythe_and_Sandgate_Tramways" title="Folkestone, Hythe and Sandgate Tramways">Folkestone, Hythe & Sandgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravesend_and_Northfleet_Electric_Tramways" title="Gravesend and Northfleet Electric Tramways">Gravesend & Northfleet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravesend,_Rosherville_and_Northfleet_Tramways" title="Gravesend, Rosherville and Northfleet Tramways">Gravesend, Rosherville & Northfleet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastings_and_District_Electric_Tramways" title="Hastings and District Electric Tramways">Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Thanet_Electric_Tramways_and_Lighting_Company" title="Isle of Thanet Electric Tramways and Lighting Company">Isle of Thanet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maidstone_Corporation_Tramways" title="Maidstone Corporation Tramways">Maidstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Oxford_Tramways_Company" title="City of Oxford Tramways Company">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portsdown_and_Horndean_Light_Railway" title="Portsdown and Horndean Light Railway">Portsdown & Horndean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_Corporation_Transport" title="Portsmouth Corporation Transport">Portsmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading_Corporation_Tramways" title="Reading Corporation Tramways">Reading Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading_Tramways_Company" title="Reading Tramways Company">Reading Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryde_Pier_Tramway" class="mw-redirect" title="Ryde Pier Tramway">Ryde Pier Tramway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheerness_and_District_Tramways" title="Sheerness and District Tramways">Sheerness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southampton_Corporation_Tramways" title="Southampton Corporation Tramways">Southampton Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southampton_Tramways_Company" title="Southampton Tramways Company">Southampton Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wantage_Tramway" title="Wantage Tramway">Wantage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolverton_and_Stony_Stratford_Tramway" title="Wolverton and Stony Stratford Tramway">Wolverton & Stony Stratford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bath_Tramways" title="Bath Tramways">Bath Tramways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bournemouth_Corporation_Tramways" title="Bournemouth Corporation Tramways">Bournemouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Tramways" title="Bristol Tramways">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camborne_and_Redruth_Tramways" title="Camborne and Redruth Tramways">Camborne & Redruth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheltenham_and_District_Light_Railway" title="Cheltenham and District Light Railway">Cheltenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devonport_and_District_Tramways" class="mw-redirect" title="Devonport and District Tramways">Devonport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exeter_Corporation_Tramways" class="mw-redirect" title="Exeter Corporation Tramways">Exeter Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exeter_Tramway_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Exeter Tramway Company">Exeter Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucester_Corporation_Tramways" title="Gloucester Corporation Tramways">Gloucester Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucester_Tramways_Company" title="Gloucester Tramways Company">Gloucester Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Corporation_Tramways" class="mw-redirect" title="Plymouth Corporation Tramways">Plymouth Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth,_Devonport_and_District_Tramways" class="mw-redirect" title="Plymouth, Devonport and District Tramways">Plymouth, Devonport & District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth,_Stonehouse_and_Devonport_Tramways" class="mw-redirect" title="Plymouth, Stonehouse and Devonport Tramways">Plymouth, Stonehouse & Devonport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poole_and_District_Electric_Tramways" title="Poole and District Electric Tramways">Poole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaton_Tramway" title="Seaton Tramway">Seaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swindon_Corporation_Tramways" title="Swindon Corporation Tramways">Swindon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taunton_Tramway" title="Taunton Tramway">Taunton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torquay_Tramways" title="Torquay Tramways">Torquay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weston-super-Mare_Tramways" title="Weston-super-Mare Tramways">Weston-super-Mare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West Midlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Birmingham_Tramways_Company_Ltd" class="mw-redirect" title="City of Birmingham Tramways Company Ltd">Birmingham City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_and_Aston_Tramways_Company" title="Birmingham and Aston Tramways Company">Birmingham & Aston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Corporation_Tramways" title="Birmingham Corporation Tramways">Birmingham Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burton_upon_Trent_Corporation_Tramways" title="Burton upon Trent Corporation Tramways">Burton-upon-Trent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burton_and_Ashby_Light_Railway" title="Burton and Ashby Light Railway">Burton & Ashby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coventry_Corporation_Tramways" title="Coventry Corporation Tramways">Coventry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley_and_Stourbridge_Steam_Tramways_Company" title="Dudley and Stourbridge Steam Tramways Company">Dudley & Stourbridge Steam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley,_Stourbridge_and_District_Electric_Traction_Company" title="Dudley, Stourbridge and District Electric Traction Company">Dudley, Stourbridge & District Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley,_Sedgley_and_Wolverhampton_Tramways_Company" title="Dudley, Sedgley and Wolverhampton Tramways Company">Dudley, Sedgley and Wolverhampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidderminster_and_Stourport_Electric_Tramway_Company" title="Kidderminster and Stourport Electric Tramway Company">Kidderminster & Stourport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinver_Light_Railway" title="Kinver Light Railway">Kinver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leamington_%26_Warwick_Tramways_%26_Omnibus_Company" title="Leamington & Warwick Tramways & Omnibus Company">Leamington & Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Staffordshire_Tramways_Company" title="North Staffordshire Tramways Company">North Staffordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potteries_Electric_Traction_Company" title="Potteries Electric Traction Company">Potteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Staffordshire_and_Birmingham_District_Steam_Tramways_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="South Staffordshire and Birmingham District Steam Tramways Company">South Staffordshire & Birmingham District Steam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Staffordshire_Tramways_Company" title="South Staffordshire Tramways Company">South Staffordshire Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staffordshire_Potteries_Street_Railway_Company" title="Staffordshire Potteries Street Railway Company">Staffordshire Potteries Street Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walsall_Corporation_Tramways" title="Walsall Corporation Tramways">Walsall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolverhampton_District_Electric_Tramways_Company" title="Wolverhampton District Electric Tramways Company">Wolverhampton District Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolverhampton_Corporation_Tramways" title="Wolverhampton Corporation Tramways">Wolverhampton Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolverhampton_Tramways_Company" title="Wolverhampton Tramways Company">Wolverhampton Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester_Electric_Traction_Company" title="Worcester Electric Traction Company">Worcester Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester_Tramways_Company" title="Worcester Tramways Company">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yorkshire and<br />the Humber</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barnsley_and_District_Tramway" title="Barnsley and District Tramway">Barnsley & District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradford_Corporation_Tramways" title="Bradford Corporation Tramways">Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dearne_District_Light_Railway" title="Dearne District Light Railway">Dearne District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doncaster_Tramway" title="Doncaster Tramway">Doncaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grimsby_and_Immingham_Electric_Railway" title="Grimsby and Immingham Electric Railway">Grimsby & Immingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Grimsby_Street_Tramways" title="Great Grimsby Street Tramways">Grimsby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halifax_Corporation_Tramways" title="Halifax Corporation Tramways">Halifax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huddersfield_Corporation_Tramways" title="Huddersfield Corporation Tramways">Huddersfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Kingston_upon_Hull" title="Trams in Kingston upon Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keighley_Tramways" title="Keighley Tramways">Keighley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_Tramways_Company" title="Leeds Tramways Company">Leeds Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_Tramway" class="mw-redirect" title="Leeds Tramway">Leeds Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexborough_and_Swinton_Tramway" title="Mexborough and Swinton Tramway">Mexborough & Swinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotherham_Tramway" title="Rotherham Tramway">Rotherham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarborough_funiculars" title="Scarborough funiculars">Scarborough funiculars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarborough_Tramways_Company" title="Scarborough Tramways Company">Scarborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheffield_Tramway" title="Sheffield Tramway">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorkshire_(West_Riding)_Electric_Tramways#Wakefield_and_District_Light_Railway" title="Yorkshire (West Riding) Electric Tramways">Wakefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_Corporation_Tramways" title="York Corporation Tramways">York Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_Tramways_Company" title="York Tramways Company">York Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorkshire_(Woollen_District)_Electric_Tramways" title="Yorkshire (Woollen District) Electric Tramways">Yorkshire (Woollen District)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorkshire_(West_Riding)_Electric_Tramways" title="Yorkshire (West Riding) Electric Tramways">Yorkshire (West Riding)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_town_tramway_systems_in_the_United_Kingdom#Wales" title="List of town tramway systems in the United Kingdom">Wales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberdare_Urban_District_Council_Tramways" title="Aberdare Urban District Council Tramways">Aberdare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barmouth_Junction_and_Arthog_Tramway" title="Barmouth Junction and Arthog Tramway">Barmouth Junction & Arthog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_Corporation_Tramways" title="Cardiff Corporation Tramways">Cardiff Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_Tramways_Company" title="Cardiff Tramways Company">Cardiff Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_District_and_Penarth_Harbour_Tramways" title="Cardiff District and Penarth Harbour Tramways">Cardiff District and Penarth Harbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairbourne_Railway" title="Fairbourne Railway">Fairbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glyn_Valley_Tramway" title="Glyn Valley Tramway">Glyn Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Orme_Tramway" title="Great Orme Tramway">Great Orme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlech_Tramway" title="Harlech Tramway">Harlech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llandudno_and_Colwyn_Bay_Electric_Railway" title="Llandudno and Colwyn Bay Electric Railway">Llandudno & Colwyn Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llanelly_Tramways" title="Llanelly Tramways">Llanelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llanelly_and_District_Electric_Tramways" title="Llanelly and District Electric Tramways">Llanelly and District Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merthyr_Tydfil_Electric_Tramways" title="Merthyr Tydfil Electric Tramways">Merthyr Tydfil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neath_and_District_Tramways_Company" title="Neath and District Tramways Company">Neath & District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neath_Corporation_Tramways" title="Neath Corporation Tramways">Neath Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newport_Tramways_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Newport Tramways Company (page does not exist)">Newport Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport_Corporation_Tramways" title="Newport Corporation Tramways">Newport Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oystermouth_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Oystermouth Railway">Oystermouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontypridd_and_Rhondda_Valley_Tramway" title="Pontypridd and Rhondda Valley Tramway">Pontypridd and Rhondda Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontypridd_Urban_District_Council_Tramways" title="Pontypridd Urban District Council Tramways">Pontypridd Urban District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pwllheli_and_Llanbedrog_Tramway" title="Pwllheli and Llanbedrog Tramway">Pwllheli & Llanbedrog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pwllheli_Corporation_Tramways" title="Pwllheli Corporation Tramways">Pwllheli Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhondda_Tramways_Company" title="Rhondda Tramways Company">Rhondda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swansea_and_Mumbles_Railway" title="Swansea and Mumbles Railway">Swansea & Mumbles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swansea_Improvements_and_Tramway_Company" title="Swansea Improvements and Tramway Company">Swansea Improvements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swansea_Constitution_Hill_Incline_Tramway" title="Swansea Constitution Hill Incline Tramway">Swansea Constitution Hill Incline</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrexham_District_Tramways&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wrexham District Tramways (page does not exist)">Wrexham District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrexham_and_District_Electric_Tramways" title="Wrexham and District Electric Tramways">Wrexham & District Electric</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_town_tramway_systems_in_the_United_Kingdom#Scotland" title="List of town tramway systems in the United Kingdom">Scotland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_District_Tramways" title="Aberdeen District Tramways">Aberdeen District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_Corporation_Tramways" title="Aberdeen Corporation Tramways">Aberdeen Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_Suburban_Tramways" title="Aberdeen Suburban Tramways">Aberdeen Suburban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airdrie_and_Coatbridge_Tramways" title="Airdrie and Coatbridge Tramways">Airdrie & Coatbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayr_Corporation_Tramways" title="Ayr Corporation Tramways">Ayr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carstairs_House_Tramway" title="Carstairs House Tramway">Carstairs House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruden_Bay_Hotel_Tramway" title="Cruden Bay Hotel Tramway">Cruden Bay Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumbarton_Burgh_and_County_Tramways" title="Dumbarton Burgh and County Tramways">Dumbarton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_and_District_Tramways" title="Dundee and District Tramways">Dundee & District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Corporation_Tramways" title="Dundee Corporation Tramways">Dundee Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee,_Broughty_Ferry_and_District_Tramways" title="Dundee, Broughty Ferry and District Tramways">Dundee, Broughty Ferry & District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunfermline_and_District_Tramways" title="Dunfermline and District Tramways">Dunfermline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Street_Tramways" title="Edinburgh Street Tramways">Edinburgh Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_and_District_Tramways" title="Edinburgh and District Tramways">Edinburgh & District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Northern_Tramways" title="Edinburgh Northern Tramways">Edinburgh Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Corporation_Tramways" title="Edinburgh Corporation Tramways">Edinburgh Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkirk_and_District_Tramways" title="Falkirk and District Tramways">Falkirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Tramway_and_Omnibus_Company" title="Glasgow Tramway and Omnibus Company">Glasgow Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Corporation_Tramways" title="Glasgow Corporation Tramways">Glasgow Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_and_Ibrox_Tramway" title="Glasgow and Ibrox Tramway">Glasgow & Ibrox</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Greenock_and_Port_Glasgow_Tramways&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greenock and Port Glasgow Tramways (page does not exist)">Greenock & Port Glasgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inchture_Tramway" title="Inchture Tramway">Inchture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilmarnock_Corporation_Tramways" title="Kilmarnock Corporation Tramways">Kilmarnock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkcaldy_Corporation_Tramways" title="Kirkcaldy Corporation Tramways">Kirkcaldy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanarkshire_Tramways" title="Lanarkshire Tramways">Lanarkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leith_Corporation_Tramways" title="Leith Corporation Tramways">Leith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musselburgh_and_District_Electric_Light_and_Traction_Company" title="Musselburgh and District Electric Light and Traction Company">Musselburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisley_Tramways_Company" title="Paisley Tramways Company">Paisley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisley_District_Tramways_Company" title="Paisley District Tramways Company">Paisley District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perth_and_District_Tramways" class="mw-redirect" title="Perth and District Tramways">Perth & District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perth_Corporation_Tramways" title="Perth Corporation Tramways">Perth Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rothesay_and_Ettrick_Bay_Light_Railway" title="Rothesay and Ettrick Bay Light Railway">Rothesay & Ettrick Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stirling_and_Bridge_of_Allan_Tramways" title="Stirling and Bridge of Allan Tramways">Stirling & Bridge of Allan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vale_of_Clyde_Tramways&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vale of Clyde Tramways (page does not exist)">Vale of Clyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wemyss_and_District_Tramways_Company" title="Wemyss and District Tramways Company">Wemyss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Tramway_and_Transport_Society" title="Scottish Tramway and Transport Society">Scottish Tramway and Transport Society</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_town_tramway_systems_in_the_United_Kingdom#Northern_Ireland" title="List of town tramway systems in the United Kingdom">Northern Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belfast_Corporation_Tramways" title="Belfast Corporation Tramways">Belfast Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belfast_Street_Tramways" title="Belfast Street Tramways">Belfast Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessbrook_and_Newry_Tramway" title="Bessbrook and Newry Tramway">Bessbrook & Newry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavehill_and_Whitewell_Tramway" title="Cavehill and Whitewell Tramway">Cavehill & Whitewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Derry_Tramways" title="City of Derry Tramways">City of Derry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castlederg_and_Victoria_Bridge_Tramway" title="Castlederg and Victoria Bridge Tramway">Castlederg & Victoria Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clogher_Valley_Railway" title="Clogher Valley Railway">Clogher Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant%27s_Causeway_Tramway" title="Giant's Causeway Tramway">Giant's Causeway, Portrush & Bush Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenanne_Loughgilly_Tramway" title="Glenanne Loughgilly Tramway">Glenanne & Loughgilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portstewart_Tramway" title="Portstewart Tramway">Portstewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrenpoint_and_Rostrevor_Tramway" title="Warrenpoint and Rostrevor Tramway">Warrenpoint & Rostrevor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_town_tramway_systems_in_Europe#Isle_of_Man" title="List of town tramway systems in Europe">Isle of Man</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Bay_Horse_Tramway" title="Douglas Bay Horse Tramway">Douglas Bay Horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Southern_Electric_Tramway" title="Douglas Southern Electric Tramway">Douglas Southern Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manx_Electric_Railway" title="Manx Electric Railway">Manx Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snaefell_Mountain_Railway" title="Snaefell Mountain Railway">Snaefell Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Douglas_Cable_Tramway" title="Upper Douglas Cable Tramway">Upper Douglas Cable</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manufacturers<br />and suppliers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Thompson-Houston" class="mw-redirect" title="British Thompson-Houston">British Thompson-Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brush_Electrical_Engineering_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Brush Electrical Engineering Company">Brush Electrical Engineering Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick,_Kerr_%26_Co." title="Dick, Kerr & Co.">Dick, Kerr & Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Railway_and_Tramway_Carriage_Works" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric Railway and Tramway Carriage Works">Electric Railway and Tramway Carriage Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Electric" title="English Electric">English Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Green_%26_Son" title="Thomas Green & Son">Thomas Green & Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurst_Nelson" title="Hurst Nelson">Hurst Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitson_and_Company" title="Kitson and Company">Kitson and Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Carriage_and_Wagon_Works" title="Lancaster Carriage and Wagon Works">Lancaster Carriage and Wagon Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maley_%26_Taunton" title="Maley & Taunton">Maley & Taunton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manlove,_Alliott_%26_Co._Ltd." title="Manlove, Alliott & Co. Ltd.">Manlove, Alliott & Co. Ltd.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merryweather_%26_Sons" title="Merryweather & Sons">Merryweather & Sons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midland_Railway_Carriage_and_Wagon_Company" title="Midland Railway Carriage and Wagon Company">Midland Railway Carriage and Wagon Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.F._Milnes_%26_Co." title="G.F. Milnes & Co.">G.F. Milnes & Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milnes_Voss" class="mw-redirect" title="Milnes Voss">Milnes Voss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starbuck_Car_and_Wagon_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Starbuck Car and Wagon Company">Starbuck Car and Wagon Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Electric_Car_Company" title="United Electric Car Company">United Electric Car Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tram_engine#Builders" title="Tram engine">William Wilkinson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Group holding<br />companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balfour_Beatty" title="Balfour Beatty">Balfour Beatty</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birmingham_and_Midland_Tramways_Joint_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Birmingham and Midland Tramways Joint Committee (page does not exist)">Birmingham and Midland Tramways Joint Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Electric_Traction" title="British Electric Traction">British Electric Traction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Thomson-Houston" title="British Thomson-Houston">British Thomson-Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Electric_Construction_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Electric Construction Company (page does not exist)">National Electric Construction Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_General_Traction_Company" title="New General Traction Company">New General Traction Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Tramways_Company" title="Imperial Tramways Company">Imperial Tramways Company</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patent_Cable_Tramways_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patent Cable Tramways Corporation (page does not exist)">Patent Cable Tramways Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_Tramways_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Provincial Tramways Company">Provincial Tramways Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trade fairs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>International Tramways and Light Railways Exhibition <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_International_Tramways_and_Light_Railways_Exhibition" title="First International Tramways and Light Railways Exhibition">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_International_Tramways_and_Light_Railways_Exhibition" title="Second International Tramways and Light Railways Exhibition">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_International_Electric_Tramway_and_Railway_Exhibition" title="Third International Electric Tramway and Railway Exhibition">Third</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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