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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_reign_(481–491)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_reign_(481–491)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Early reign (481–491)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Early_reign_(481–491)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Early reign (481–491) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Early_reign_(481–491)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Road_to_Soissons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road_to_Soissons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Road to Soissons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road_to_Soissons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taming_Gaul" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taming_Gaul"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Taming Gaul</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taming_Gaul-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_reign_(492–506)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_reign_(492–506)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Middle reign (492–506)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Middle_reign_(492–506)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Middle reign (492–506) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Middle_reign_(492–506)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Barbarian_bonding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Barbarian_bonding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Barbarian bonding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Barbarian_bonding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assault_of_the_Alamanni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assault_of_the_Alamanni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Assault of the Alamanni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assault_of_the_Alamanni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Business_in_Burgundy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Business_in_Burgundy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Business in Burgundy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Business_in_Burgundy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Armorici_allies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Armorici_allies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Armorici allies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armorici_allies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_reign_(507–511)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_reign_(507–511)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Late reign (507–511)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Late_reign_(507–511)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Late reign (507–511) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Late_reign_(507–511)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Visiting_the_Visigoths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Visiting_the_Visigoths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Visiting the Visigoths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Visiting_the_Visigoths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unifying_the_Franks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unifying_the_Franks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Unifying the Franks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unifying_the_Franks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Baptism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baptism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Baptism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baptism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roman_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roman_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Roman law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roman_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Legacy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sainthood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sainthood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Sainthood</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sainthood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chronology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chronology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Chronology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chronology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Clovis I</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 84 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-84" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">84 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Clovis I" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlodwig_I." title="Chlodwig I. – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Chlodwig I." data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlo%C3%B0wic_I_Francena_Cyning" title="Hloðwic I Francena Cyning – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Hloðwic I Francena Cyning" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84" title="كلوفيس الأول – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كلوفيس الأول" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clodoveu_I" title="Clodoveu I – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Clodoveu I" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clodov%C3%A9u_I" title="Clodovéu I – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Clodovéu I" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Xlodviq" title="I Xlodviq – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="I Xlodviq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AC%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="بیرینجی کلوویس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بیرینجی کلوویس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B3_I" title="Хлодвіг I – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хлодвіг I" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B3_I" title="Хлёдвіг I – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хлёдвіг I" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_I" title="Хлодвиг I – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хлодвиг I" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klodvig_I" title="Klodvig I – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Klodvig I" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlodwig_Ia%C3%B1" title="Hlodwig Iañ – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hlodwig Iañ" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clodoveu_I" title="Clodoveu I – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Clodoveu I" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlodv%C3%ADk_I." title="Chlodvík I. – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chlodvík I." data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Clovis I" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klodevig_1." title="Klodevig 1. – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Klodevig 1." data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlodwig_I." title="Chlodwig I. – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chlodwig I." data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlodovech_I" title="Chlodovech I – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Chlodovech I" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%BB%CF%89%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%84" title="Χλωδοβίκος Α΄ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χλωδοβίκος Α΄" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clodoveo_I" title="Clodoveo I – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Clodoveo I" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klodvigo_la_1-a" title="Klodvigo la 1-a – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Klodvigo la 1-a" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klovis_I.a" title="Klovis I.a – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Klovis I.a" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3_%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%85" title="کلوویس یکم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کلوویس یکم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_Ier" title="Clovis Ier – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Clovis Ier" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klovis_I" title="Klovis I – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Klovis I" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlodovechus_I" title="Chlodovechus I – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Chlodovechus I" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clodoveo_I" title="Clodoveo I – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Clodoveo I" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%B4%EB%A1%9C%EB%8F%84%EB%B2%A0%EC%BF%A0%EC%8A%A4_1%EC%84%B8" title="클로도베쿠스 1세 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="클로도베쿠스 1세" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Clovis I" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%A4%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%A3_I" title="Քլոդվիգ I – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քլոդվիգ I" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klodvig_I." title="Klodvig I. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Klodvig I." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klodovecho_l%271ma" title="Klodovecho l'1ma – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Klodovecho l'1ma" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Clovis I" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Clovis I" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clodoveo_I" title="Clodoveo I – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Clodoveo I" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A1_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9F" title="כלוביס הראשון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כלוביס הראשון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%92_I" title="ხლოდვიგ I – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ხლოდვიგ I" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlodvig_I" title="Chlodvig I – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Chlodvig I" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I_(gazik_ke_Franca)" title="Clovis I (gazik ke Franca) – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Clovis I (gazik ke Franca)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlodovechus_I_(rex_Francorum)" title="Chlodovechus I (rex Francorum) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Chlodovechus I (rex Francorum)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlodvigs_I" title="Hlodvigs I – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hlodvigs I" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I." title="Clovis I. – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Clovis I." data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlodvigas" title="Chlodvigas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Chlodvigas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Clovis I" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I._Klodvig_frank_kir%C3%A1ly" title="I. Klodvig frank király – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="I. Klodvig frank király" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA_I" title="Хлодовик I – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хлодовик I" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Clovis I" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%92_I" title="ხლოდვიგ I – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ხლოდვიგ I" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A4%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84" title="كلوڤيس الاول – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كلوڤيس الاول" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%97%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9B%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ကလိုးဗစ်ဘုရင် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကလိုးဗစ်ဘုရင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Clovis I" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%82%B91%E4%B8%96_(%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF%E7%8E%8B)" title="クローヴィス1世 (フランク王) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クローヴィス1世 (フランク王)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlodwig_I." title="Chlodwig I. – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Chlodwig I." data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klodvig_I" title="Klodvig I – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Klodvig I" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis" title="Clovis – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Clovis" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clodov%C3%A8u_I" title="Clodovèu I – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Clodovèu I" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xlodvig_I" title="Xlodvig I – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Xlodvig I" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlodwig_I" title="Chlodwig I – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chlodwig I" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cl%C3%B3vis" title="Clóvis – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Clóvis" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlodwisch_I." title="Chlodwisch I. – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Chlodwisch I." data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Clovis I" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_I" title="Хлодвиг I – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хлодвиг I" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Clovis I" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluduveu_I" title="Cluduveu I – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cluduveu I" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Clovis I" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlodovik_I." title="Chlodovik I. – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chlodovik I." data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klodvik_I." title="Klodvik I. – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Klodvik I." data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%85_I" title="Хлодовех I – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хлодовех I" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klodvig_I" title="Klodvig I – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Klodvig I" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klodvig_I" title="Klodvig I – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Klodvig I" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klodvig_I" title="Klodvig I – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Klodvig I" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_1" title="พระเจ้าโคลวิสที่ 1 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พระเจ้าโคลวิสที่ 1" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/I._Clovis" title="I. Clovis – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="I. Clovis" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B3" title="Хлодвіг – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хлодвіг" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84" title="کلوویس اول – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کلوویس اول" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Clovis I" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovisse" title="Clovisse – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Clovisse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Clovis I" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Clovis I" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%B4%9B%E7%BB%B4%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="克洛维一世 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="克洛维一世" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_1k" title="Clovis 1k – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Clovis 1k" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%B4%9B%E7%B6%AD%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="克洛維一世 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="克洛維一世" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%B4%9B%E7%BB%B4%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="克洛维一世 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="克洛维一世" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q82339#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Clovis I</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Saint_Remy_baptise_Clovis_d%C3%A9tail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Saint_Remy_baptise_Clovis_d%C3%A9tail.jpg/220px-Saint_Remy_baptise_Clovis_d%C3%A9tail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="498" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Saint_Remy_baptise_Clovis_d%C3%A9tail.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="276" data-file-height="625" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">Baptism of Clovis, ivory book cover from <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 870</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Frankish_kings" title="List of Frankish kings">King of the Franks</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 509 – 27 November 511</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><i>See list</i></span></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Theuderic_I" title="Theuderic I">Theuderic I</a> (<a href="/wiki/Reims" title="Reims">Reims</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Chlodomer" title="Chlodomer">Chlodomer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Orléans">Orléans</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Childebert_I" title="Childebert I">Childebert I</a> (<a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_I" title="Chlothar I">Chlothar I</a> (<a href="/wiki/Soissons" title="Soissons">Soissons</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">King of the Salian Franks</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 481 – 509</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Childeric_I" title="Childeric I">Childeric I</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 466<br /><a href="/wiki/Tournai" title="Tournai">Tournai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire" title="Western Roman Empire">Western Roman Empire</a> (present-day <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">27 November 511<br />(aged about 45)<br /><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francia" title="Francia">Francia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label">Originally <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_St_Genevieve" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbey of St Genevieve">St. Genevieve Church</a>; now <a href="/wiki/Saint-Denis_Basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint-Denis Basilica">Saint-Denis Basilica</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Clotilde" title="Clotilde">Clotilde</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingomer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingomer (page does not exist)">Ingomer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlodomer" title="Chlodomer">Chlodomer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childebert_I" title="Childebert I">Childebert I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_I" title="Chlothar I">Chlothar I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clotilde_(died_531)" title="Clotilde (died 531)">Clotilde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theuderic_I" title="Theuderic I">Theuderic I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">Dynasty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Merovingian" class="mw-redirect" title="Merovingian">Merovingian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Childeric_I" title="Childeric I">Childeric I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Basina_of_Thuringia" title="Basina of Thuringia">Basina of Thuringia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data">Initially <a href="/wiki/Frankish_paganism" title="Frankish paganism">Frankish paganism</a>, later converted to <a href="/wiki/Chalcedonian_Christianity" title="Chalcedonian Christianity">Chalcedonian Christianity</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Battles_of_Clovis_I" title="Template:Campaignbox Battles of Clovis I"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Battles_of_Clovis_I" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Battles of Clovis I"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Battles_of_Clovis_I" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Battles of Clovis I"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Campaigns_of_Clovis_I" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span class="wrap">Campaigns of Clovis I</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Soissons_(486)" title="Battle of Soissons (486)">Soissons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankish-Thuringian_campaign_(491)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankish-Thuringian campaign (491)">Frankish-Thuringian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tolbiac" title="Battle of Tolbiac">Tolbiac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Strasbourg_(506)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Strasbourg (506)">Strasbourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Visigothic_Wars" title="Franco-Visigothic Wars">Franco-Visigothic Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vouill%C3%A9" title="Battle of Vouillé">Vouillé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Arles_(507%E2%80%93508)" title="Siege of Arles (507–508)">Arles</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><b>Clovis</b> (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Chlodovechus</i>; reconstructed <a href="/wiki/Old_Frankish" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Frankish">Frankish</a>: <span title="Old Frankish-language text">*<i lang="frk">Hlōdowig</i></span>; <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 466</span> – 27 November 511)<sup id="cite_ref-:3_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was the first <a href="/wiki/List_of_Frankish_kings" title="List of Frankish kings">king of the Franks</a> to unite all of the <a href="/wiki/Franks" title="Franks">Franks</a> under one ruler, changing the form of leadership from a group of petty kings to rule by a single king, and ensuring that the kingship was passed down to his heirs.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is considered to have been the founder of the <a href="/wiki/Merovingian_dynasty" title="Merovingian dynasty">Merovingian dynasty</a>, which ruled the Frankish kingdom for the next two centuries. Clovis is important in the historiography of <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> as "the first king of what would become France."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Clovis succeeded his father, <a href="/wiki/Childeric_I" title="Childeric I">Childeric I</a>, as a king of the <a href="/wiki/Salian_Franks" title="Salian Franks">Salian Franks</a> in 481, and eventually came to rule an area extending from what is now the southern <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> to northern <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, corresponding in Roman terms to <a href="/wiki/Gallia_Belgica" title="Gallia Belgica">Gallia Belgica</a> (northern <a href="/wiki/Gaul" title="Gaul">Gaul</a>). At the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Soissons_(486)" title="Battle of Soissons (486)">Battle of Soissons (486)</a>, he established his military dominance of the <a href="/wiki/Domain_of_Soissons" class="mw-redirect" title="Domain of Soissons">rump state</a> of the fragmenting <a href="/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire" title="Western Roman Empire">Western Roman Empire</a>, which was then under the command of <a href="/wiki/Syagrius" title="Syagrius">Syagrius</a>. By the time of his death in 511, Clovis had conquered several smaller Frankish kingdoms in the northeast of Gaul, stretching into what is now Germany. Clovis also conquered the <a href="/wiki/Alemanni" title="Alemanni">Alemanni</a> in eastern Gaul and the <a href="/wiki/Visigoths" title="Visigoths">Visigothic</a> kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Aquitania" class="mw-redirect" title="Aquitania">Aquitania</a> in the southwest. These campaigns added significantly to Clovis's domains and established his dynasty as a major political and military presence in western Europe. </p><p>Clovis is also significant because of his <a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">baptism</a> in 508,<sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> largely at the behest of his wife, <a href="/wiki/Clotilde" title="Clotilde">Clotilde</a>, who would later be venerated as a <a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">saint</a> for this act, celebrated today in both the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a>. The adoption by Clovis of <a href="/wiki/Nicene_Christianity" title="Nicene Christianity">Nicene Christianity</a> (as opposed to the <a href="/wiki/Arianism" title="Arianism">Arianism</a> of most other Germanic tribes) led to widespread conversion among the Franks, and eventually to religious unification across what is now modern-day France, the <a href="/wiki/Low_Countries" title="Low Countries">Low Countries</a> and Germany. The alliance between the Franks and Catholicism eventually led to <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a>'s crowning by the Pope as emperor in 800, and to the subsequent birth of the early <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> in the middle of the 10th century. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Clovis_(given_name)" title="Clovis (given name)">Clovis (given name)</a></div> <p>Based on the attested forms, the original name is reconstructed in the <a href="/wiki/Frankish_language" title="Frankish language">Frankish language</a> as *<i>Hlōdowik</i> or *<i>Hlōdowig</i> and is traditionally considered to be composed of two elements, deriving from both <a href="/wiki/Proto-Germanic" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Germanic">Proto-Germanic</a>: <i>*hlūdaz</i> ("loud, famous") and <i>*wiganą</i> ("to battle, to fight"), resulting in the traditional practice of translating Clovis' name as meaning "famous warrior" or "renowned in battle".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, scholars have pointed out that <a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Tours" title="Gregory of Tours">Gregory of Tours</a> consistently transcribes the names of various Merovingian royal names containing the first element as <i>chlodo-</i>. The use of a <a href="/wiki/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close-mid back rounded vowel">close-mid back rounded vowel</a> (o), rather than the expected <a href="/wiki/Close_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close back rounded vowel">close back rounded vowel</a> (u) that Gregory does use in various other Germanic names (i.e. <a href="/wiki/Fredegund" title="Fredegund">Fredegundis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arnulf_(archbishop_of_Reims)" title="Arnulf (archbishop of Reims)">Arnulfus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gundobad" title="Gundobad">Gundobadus</a>, etc.) opens up the possibility that the first element instead derives from <a href="/wiki/Proto-Germanic" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Germanic">Proto-Germanic</a> <i>*hlutą</i> ("lot, share, portion"), giving the meaning of the name as "loot bringer" or "plunder (bringing) warrior". This hypothesis is supported by the fact that if the first element is taken to mean "famous", then the name of <a href="/wiki/Chlodomer" title="Chlodomer">Chlodomer</a> (one of Clovis' sons) would contain two elements (<i>*hlūdaz</i> and <i>*mērijaz</i>) both meaning "famous", which would be highly uncommon within the typical <a href="/wiki/Germanic_name" title="Germanic name">Germanic name</a> structure.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Middle_Dutch" title="Middle Dutch">Middle Dutch</a>, a language closely related to Frankish, the name was rendered as <i>Lodewijch</i> (cf. <a href="/wiki/Modern_Dutch" title="Modern Dutch">modern Dutch</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Lodewijk" title="Lodewijk">Lodewijk</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name is found in other <a href="/wiki/West_Germanic_languages" title="West Germanic languages">West Germanic languages</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Cognate" title="Cognate">cognates</a> including <a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a> <i>Hloðwig</i>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Saxon" title="Old Saxon">Old Saxon</a> <i>Hluduco</i>, and <a href="/wiki/Old_High_German" title="Old High German">Old High German</a> <i>Hludwīg</i> (variant <i>Hluotwīg</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The latter turned into <i>Ludwig</i> in <a href="/wiki/Modern_German" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern German">Modern German</a>, although the king Clovis himself is generally named Chlodwig.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a> form <i>Hlǫðvér</i> was most likely borrowed from a West Germanic language.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Frankish name <i>*Hlodowig</i> is at the origin of the French given name <i><a href="/wiki/Louis_(given_name)" title="Louis (given name)">Louis</a></i> (variant <i><a href="/wiki/Ludovic" title="Ludovic">Ludovic</a></i>), borne by 18 <a href="/wiki/Kings_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Kings of France">kings of France</a>, via the Latinized form <i>Hludovicus</i> (variants <i>Ludhovicus, Lodhuvicus</i>, or <i>Chlodovicus</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The English <i>Lewis</i> stems from the Anglo-French <i>Louis</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Clovis was the son of <a href="/wiki/Childeric_I" title="Childeric I">Childeric I</a>, a king of the <a href="/wiki/Salian_Franks" title="Salian Franks">Salian Franks</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Basina_of_Thuringia" title="Basina of Thuringia">Basina</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Thuringia" title="Duchy of Thuringia">Thuringian</a> princess. The dynasty he founded is, however, named after his supposed ancestor, <a href="/wiki/Merovech" title="Merovech">Merovech</a>. Some sources claim that Clovis' grandfather was <a href="/wiki/Chlodio" title="Chlodio">Chlodio</a>, but his exact relation with Merovech is not known. </p><p>Numerous small Frankish <a href="/wiki/Petty_king" class="mw-redirect" title="Petty king">petty kingdoms</a> existed during the 5th century. The <a href="/wiki/Salian_Franks" title="Salian Franks">Salian Franks</a> was the first-known Frankish tribe that settled with official Roman permission within the empire, first in <a href="/wiki/Batavia_(region)" title="Batavia (region)">Batavia</a> in the Rhine-Maas delta, and then in 375 in <a href="/wiki/Toxandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Toxandria">Toxandria</a>, which in the present day consists of the province of <a href="/wiki/North_Brabant" title="North Brabant">North Brabant</a> in the Netherlands and parts of neighbouring provinces of <a href="/wiki/Antwerp_Province" title="Antwerp Province">Antwerp</a> and <a href="/wiki/Limburg_(Belgium)" title="Limburg (Belgium)">Limburg</a> in Belgium. This put them in the northern part of the Roman <a href="/wiki/Civitas_Tungrorum" title="Civitas Tungrorum">civitas Tungrorum</a>, with the Romanized population still dominant south of the military highway Boulogne-Cologne. Later, <a href="/wiki/Chlodio" title="Chlodio">Chlodio</a> seems to have attacked westwards from this area to take control of the Roman populations in <a href="/wiki/Tournai" title="Tournai">Tournai</a>, then southwards to <a href="/wiki/Artois" title="Artois">Artois</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cambrai" title="Cambrai">Cambrai</a>, eventually controlling an area stretching to the <a href="/wiki/Somme_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Somme river">Somme river</a>. </p><p>Childeric I, Clovis's father, was reputed to be a relative of Chlodio and was known as the king of the Franks who fought as an army within northern Gaul. In 463, he fought in conjunction with <a href="/wiki/Aegidius" title="Aegidius">Aegidius</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Magister_militum" title="Magister militum">magister militum</a> of northern Gaul, to defeat the <a href="/wiki/Visigoths" title="Visigoths">Visigoths</a> in <a href="/wiki/Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Orléans">Orléans</a>. Childeric died in 481 and was buried in Tournai; Clovis succeeded him as king, aged just 15. Historians believe that Childeric and Clovis were both commanders of the Roman military in the province of <a href="/wiki/Belgica_Secunda" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgica Secunda">Belgica Secunda</a> and were subordinate to the magister militum.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Franks of Tournai came to dominate their neighbours, initially aided by the association with Aegidius.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–4_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–4-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The death of <a href="/wiki/Aetius_(magister_militum)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aetius (magister militum)">Aetius</a> in 454 led to the decline of imperial power in Gaul; leaving <a href="/wiki/Visigothic_Kingdom" title="Visigothic Kingdom">the Visigoths</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Burgundians" title="Kingdom of the Burgundians">the Burgundians</a> competing for predominance in the area. The part of Gaul still under Roman control emerged as a kingdom under Syagrius, Aegidius's son.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–4_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–4-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Though no primary sources expounding on the language spoken by Clovis exist, historical linguists consider it likely that, based on his family history and core territories, he spoke a form of <a href="/wiki/Old_Dutch" title="Old Dutch">Old Dutch</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this, the early <a href="/wiki/Merovingians" class="mw-redirect" title="Merovingians">Merovingians</a> can be contrasted with the later <a href="/wiki/Carolingians" class="mw-redirect" title="Carolingians">Carolingians</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a>, of the late <a href="/wiki/8th_century" title="8th century">8th century</a> and onward, who probably spoke various forms of <a href="/wiki/Old_High_German" title="Old High German">Old High German</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_reign_(481–491)"><span id="Early_reign_.28481.E2.80.93491.29"></span>Early reign (481–491)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early reign (481–491)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Road_to_Soissons">Road to Soissons</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Road to Soissons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Soissons_(486)" title="Battle of Soissons (486)">Battle of Soissons (486)</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Childeric_I" title="Childeric I">ruler of Tournai</a> died in 481 and was succeeded by his young son, Clovis. His band of warriors probably numbered no more than half a thousand. In 486 he began his efforts to expand the realm by allying himself with his relative <a href="/wiki/Ragnachar" title="Ragnachar">Ragnachar</a>, king of <a href="/wiki/Cambrai" title="Cambrai">Cambrai</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–4_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–4-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and another Frankish king, <a href="/wiki/Chararic_(Frankish_king)" title="Chararic (Frankish king)">Chalaric</a>. These rulers are sometimes referred to as <i>regulus</i> (diminutive of <i><a href="/wiki/Rex_(title)" title="Rex (title)">rex</a></i>). Together the <a href="/wiki/Triumvirate" title="Triumvirate">triumvirate</a> marched against <a href="/wiki/Syagrius" title="Syagrius">Syagrius</a> and met the Gallo-Roman commander at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Soissons_(486)" title="Battle of Soissons (486)">Soissons</a>. During the battle, Chalaric betrayed his comrades by refusing to take part in the fighting.<sup id="cite_ref-Chararic_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chararic-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the betrayal, the Franks landed a <a href="/wiki/Decisive_victory" title="Decisive victory">decisive victory</a>, forcing Syagrius to flee to the court of <a href="/wiki/Alaric_II" title="Alaric II">Alaric II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–4_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–4-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This battle is viewed as bringing about the end of the <a href="/wiki/Domain_of_Soissons" class="mw-redirect" title="Domain of Soissons">rump state</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire" title="Western Roman Empire">Western Roman Empire</a> outside of Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the battle, Clovis invaded the traitor Chalaric's territory and was able to imprison him and his son.<sup id="cite_ref-Chararic_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chararic-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taming_Gaul">Taming Gaul</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Taming Gaul"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Frankish_campaign_against_the_Thuringians_(491)" title="Frankish campaign against the Thuringians (491)">Frankish campaign against the Thuringians (491)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Conquests_of_Clovis.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Conquests_of_Clovis.png/220px-Conquests_of_Clovis.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Conquests_of_Clovis.png/330px-Conquests_of_Clovis.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Conquests_of_Clovis.png/440px-Conquests_of_Clovis.png 2x" data-file-width="1220" data-file-height="1079" /></a><figcaption>Conquests of Clovis between 481 and 511</figcaption></figure> <p>Prior to the battle, Clovis did not enjoy the support of the Gallo-Roman clergy, so he proceeded to pillage the Roman territory, including the churches. <a href="/wiki/Saint_Remigius" title="Saint Remigius">The Bishop of Reims</a> requested Clovis return everything taken from the Church of Reims; the young king aspired to establish cordial relationships with the clergy, so he returned a valuable ewer taken from the church.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19728_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19728-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite his position, some Roman cities refused to yield to the Franks, namely <a href="/wiki/Verdun" title="Verdun">Verdun</a> ‒ which surrendered after a brief siege ‒ and Paris, which stubbornly resisted a few years, perhaps as many as five.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–4_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–4-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He made Paris his capital<sup id="cite_ref-BeerAdvocate_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BeerAdvocate-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and established an abbey dedicated to Saints Peter and Paul on the south bank of the <a href="/wiki/Seine" title="Seine">Seine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Realizing that he would not be able to rule Gaul without the help of the clergy, Clovis took a Nicene Christian wife to please them.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19728_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19728-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also integrated many of Syagrius's units into his own army. The Roman kingdom was probably under Clovis's control by 491 because in the same year, Clovis successfully moved against a small number of <a href="/wiki/Thuringians" class="mw-redirect" title="Thuringians">Thuringians</a> in eastern Gaul, near the Burgundian border.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19725_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19725-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Middle_reign_(492–506)"><span id="Middle_reign_.28492.E2.80.93506.29"></span>Middle reign (492–506)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Middle reign (492–506)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Barbarian_bonding">Barbarian bonding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Barbarian bonding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Audofleda" title="Audofleda">Audofleda</a></div> <p>Around 493 AD, he secured an alliance with the <a href="/wiki/Ostrogoths" title="Ostrogoths">Ostrogoths</a> through the marriage of his sister <a href="/wiki/Audofleda" title="Audofleda">Audofleda</a> to their king, <a href="/wiki/Theodoric_the_Great" title="Theodoric the Great">Theodoric the Great</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BeerAdvocate_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BeerAdvocate-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same year, the neighboring <a href="/wiki/Chilperic_II_of_Burgundy" title="Chilperic II of Burgundy">King of the Burgundians</a> was slain by his brother, <a href="/wiki/Gundobad" title="Gundobad">Gundobad</a>; bringing civil strife to that kingdom. Allegedly, Gundobad proceeded to drown his sister-in-law and force his niece, Chrona, into a convent. Another niece, <a href="/wiki/Clotilde" title="Clotilde">Clotilde</a>, fled to the court of the third brother, <a href="/wiki/Godegisel" title="Godegisel">Godegisel</a>. Finding himself in a precarious position, Godegisel decided to ally himself to Clovis by marrying his exiled niece to the Frankish king.<sup id="cite_ref-encbrit_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encbrit-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assault_of_the_Alamanni">Assault of the Alamanni</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Assault of the Alamanni"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tolbiac" title="Battle of Tolbiac">Battle of Tolbiac</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ary_Scheffer_-_Bataille_de_Tolbiac_496.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Ary_Scheffer_-_Bataille_de_Tolbiac_496.jpg/220px-Ary_Scheffer_-_Bataille_de_Tolbiac_496.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Ary_Scheffer_-_Bataille_de_Tolbiac_496.jpg/330px-Ary_Scheffer_-_Bataille_de_Tolbiac_496.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Ary_Scheffer_-_Bataille_de_Tolbiac_496.jpg/440px-Ary_Scheffer_-_Bataille_de_Tolbiac_496.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1999" data-file-height="1782" /></a><figcaption>Clovis I leading the Franks to victory in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tolbiac" title="Battle of Tolbiac">Battle of Tolbiac</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Ary_Scheffer" title="Ary Scheffer">Ary Scheffer</a>'s 1836 painting</figcaption></figure> <p>In 496, the <a href="/wiki/Alamanni" class="mw-redirect" title="Alamanni">Alamanni</a> invaded and some Salians and Ripuarians <i>reguli</i> (kings) defected to their side. Clovis met his enemies near the strong fort of <a href="/wiki/Tolbiac" class="mw-redirect" title="Tolbiac">Tolbiac</a>. During the fighting, the Franks suffered heavy losses. Clovis, together with over three thousand Frankish companions, may have converted to Christianity around this time.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19726_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19726-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the help of the Ripuarian Franks he narrowly defeated the Alamanni in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tolbiac" title="Battle of Tolbiac">Battle of Tolbiac</a> in 496.<sup id="cite_ref-BeerAdvocate_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BeerAdvocate-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Now Christian, Clovis confined his prisoners, Chararic and his son, to a monastery.<sup id="cite_ref-Chararic_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chararic-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Business_in_Burgundy">Business in Burgundy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Business in Burgundy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Franco-Visigothic_Wars#Burgundian_civil_war_(500–501)" title="Franco-Visigothic Wars">Franco-Visigothic Wars § Burgundian civil war (500–501)</a></div> <p>In 500 or 501, Godegisel began scheming against his brother Gundobad. He promised his brother-in-law territory and annual tribute for defeating his brother. Clovis was eager to subdue the political threat to his realm and crossed into the Burgundian territory. Gundobad then moved against Clovis and called his brother for reinforcements. The three armies met near <a href="/wiki/Dijon" title="Dijon">Dijon</a>, where both the Franks and Godegisel's forces defeated the dumbfounded Gundobad, who escaped to <a href="/wiki/Avignon" title="Avignon">Avignon</a>. Clovis pursued him and laid siege to the city. After some months, Clovis was convinced to abandon the siege and settled for an annual tribute from Gundobad.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19729_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19729-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Armorici_allies">Armorici allies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Armorici allies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 501, 502 or 503, Clovis led his troops to <a href="/wiki/Armorica" title="Armorica">Armorica</a>. He had previously restricted his operations to minor raids, but now the goal was subjugation. Clovis failed to complete this objective via military means; therefore, he was constrained to statecraft. This proved fruitful, for the Armonici shared Clovis's disdain for the Arian Visigoths. <a href="/wiki/Armorica" title="Armorica">Armorica</a> and its fighters were thus integrated into the Frankish realm.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach197210_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach197210-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Late_reign_(507–511)"><span id="Late_reign_.28507.E2.80.93511.29"></span>Late reign (507–511)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Late reign (507–511)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Visiting_the_Visigoths">Visiting the Visigoths</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Visiting the Visigoths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Franco-Visigothic_Wars#Second_Franco-Visigothic_war_(507–508)" title="Franco-Visigothic Wars">Franco-Visigothic Wars § Second Franco-Visigothic war (507–508)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Division_of_Gaul_-_511.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Division_of_Gaul_-_511.jpg/220px-Division_of_Gaul_-_511.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Division_of_Gaul_-_511.jpg/330px-Division_of_Gaul_-_511.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Division_of_Gaul_-_511.jpg/440px-Division_of_Gaul_-_511.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1241" data-file-height="1136" /></a><figcaption>Frankish territories at the time of Clovis's death in 511</figcaption></figure> <p>In 507 Clovis was allowed by the magnates of his realm to invade the remaining threat of the Kingdom of the Visigoths. King Alaric had previously tried to establish a cordial relationship with Clovis by serving him the head of exiled Syagrius on a silver plate in 486 or 487. However, Clovis was no longer able to resist the temptation to move against the Visigoths, for many Nicene Christians under Visigoth yoke were unhappy and implored Clovis to make a move. But just to be absolutely certain about retaining the loyalties of the Nicene Christians under Visigoths, Clovis ordered his troops to omit raiding and plunder, for this was not a foreign invasion, but a liberation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–11_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–11-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Armorici assisted him in defeating the <a href="/wiki/Visigoths" title="Visigoths">Visigothic</a> kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Toulouse" title="Toulouse">Toulouse</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vouill%C3%A9" title="Battle of Vouillé">Battle of Vouillé</a> in 507, eliminating Visigothic power in Gaul. The battle added most of <a href="/wiki/Aquitaine" title="Aquitaine">Aquitaine</a> to Clovis's kingdom<sup id="cite_ref-BeerAdvocate_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BeerAdvocate-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and resulted in the death of the Visigothic king <a href="/wiki/Alaric_II" title="Alaric II">Alaric II</a>. </p><p>According to Gregory of Tours, following the battle the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine Emperor">Byzantine Emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Anastasius_I_Dicorus" title="Anastasius I Dicorus">Anastasius I</a> made Clovis a <a href="/wiki/Patrician_(ancient_Rome)" title="Patrician (ancient Rome)">patrician</a> and honorary <a href="/wiki/Roman_consul" title="Roman consul">consul</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unifying_the_Franks">Unifying the Franks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Unifying the Franks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the Battle of Vouillé, Clovis eliminated all his possible rivals, including the other Frankish kings who ruled alongside him. </p><p>Sometime after 507, Clovis heard about <a href="/wiki/Chararic_(Frankish_king)" title="Chararic (Frankish king)">Chararic</a>'s plan to escape from his monastic prison and had him murdered.<sup id="cite_ref-Chararic_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chararic-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around the same time, Clovis convinced Prince <a href="/wiki/Chlodoric_the_Parricide" title="Chlodoric the Parricide">Chlodoric</a> to murder his father <a href="/wiki/Sigobert_the_Lame" title="Sigobert the Lame">Sigobert</a>, earning him his nickname as "Chlodoric the Parricide". Following the murder, Clovis betrayed Chlodoric and had his envoys strike him down.<sup id="cite_ref-Howorth_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howorth-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sometime later, Clovis visited his old ally <a href="/wiki/Ragnachar" title="Ragnachar">Ragnachar</a> in Cambrai. Following his conversion to Christianity in 508, many of Clovis' pagan retainers had defected to Ragnachar's side, making him a political threat.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19729_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19729-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ragnachar denied Clovis's entry, prompting Clovis to make a move against him. He bribed Ragnachar's retainers and executed him alongside his brother Ricchar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach197231_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach197231-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death">Death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clotilde_partageant_le_royaume_entre_ses_fils.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Clotilde_partageant_le_royaume_entre_ses_fils.jpg/250px-Clotilde_partageant_le_royaume_entre_ses_fils.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Clotilde_partageant_le_royaume_entre_ses_fils.jpg/375px-Clotilde_partageant_le_royaume_entre_ses_fils.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Clotilde_partageant_le_royaume_entre_ses_fils.jpg/500px-Clotilde_partageant_le_royaume_entre_ses_fils.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1324" data-file-height="1204" /></a><figcaption>The partition of the Frankish kingdom among the four sons of Clovis with <a href="/wiki/Clotilde" title="Clotilde">Clotilde</a> presiding, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grandes_Chroniques_de_Saint-Denis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grandes Chroniques de Saint-Denis (page does not exist)">Grandes Chroniques de Saint-Denis</a></i> (Bibliothèque municipale de Toulouse)</figcaption></figure> <p>Shortly before his death, Clovis called a synod of Gallic bishops to meet in <a href="/wiki/Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Orléans">Orléans</a> to reform the Church and create a strong link between the Crown and the Nicene Christian episcopate. This was the <a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="First Council of Orléans">First Council of Orléans</a>. Thirty-three bishops assisted and passed 31 decrees on the duties and obligations of individuals, the right of sanctuary, and ecclesiastical discipline. These decrees, equally applicable to Franks and Romans, first established equality between conquerors and conquered. After his death, Clovis was laid to rest in the <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_St_Genevieve" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbey of St Genevieve">Abbey of St Genevieve</a> in Paris. </p><p>His remains were relocated to <a href="/wiki/Saint_Denis_Basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Denis Basilica">Saint Denis Basilica</a> in the mid- to late 18th century. When Clovis died, his kingdom was partitioned among his four sons, <a href="/wiki/Theuderic_I_of_Austrasia" class="mw-redirect" title="Theuderic I of Austrasia">Theuderic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chlodomer" title="Chlodomer">Chlodomer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Childebert_I" title="Childebert I">Childebert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clotaire_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Clotaire I">Clotaire</a>. This partition created the new political units of the Kingdoms of <a href="/wiki/Rheims" class="mw-redirect" title="Rheims">Rheims</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Orléans">Orléans</a>, Paris and <a href="/wiki/Soissons" title="Soissons">Soissons</a>, and inaugurated a tradition that would lead to disunity lasting until the end of the <a href="/wiki/Merovingians" class="mw-redirect" title="Merovingians">Merovingian</a> dynasty in 751. Clovis had been a king with no fixed capital and no central administration beyond his entourage. By deciding to be interred at Paris, Clovis gave the city symbolic weight. When his grandchildren divided royal power 50 years after his death in 511, Paris was kept as a joint property and a fixed symbol of the dynasty.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The disunity continued under the <a href="/wiki/Carolingians" class="mw-redirect" title="Carolingians">Carolingians</a> until, after a brief unity under <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a>, the Franks splintered into distinct spheres of cultural influence that coalesced around Eastern and Western centers of royal power. These later political, linguistic, and cultural entities became the Kingdom of France, the myriad German States, and the semi-autonomous kingdoms of <a href="/wiki/Burgundy" title="Burgundy">Burgundy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lotharingia" title="Lotharingia">Lotharingia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Baptism">Baptism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Baptism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clovis_1er.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Clovis_1er.jpg/220px-Clovis_1er.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Clovis_1er.jpg/330px-Clovis_1er.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Clovis_1er.jpg/440px-Clovis_1er.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Tomb of Clovis I at the <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_St_Denis" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of St Denis">Basilica of St Denis</a> in <a href="/wiki/Saint-Denis_(Seine-Saint-Denis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint-Denis (Seine-Saint-Denis)">Saint Denis</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Clovis was born a pagan but later became interested in converting to <a href="/wiki/Arianism" title="Arianism">Arian Christianity</a>, whose followers believed that Jesus was a distinct and separate being from <a href="/wiki/God_the_Father" title="God the Father">God the Father</a>, both subordinate to and created by him. This contrasted with <a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Nicene Christianity</a>, whose followers believe that God the Father, Jesus, and the Holy Spirit are three persons of one being (<a href="/wiki/Consubstantiality" title="Consubstantiality">consubstantiality</a>). While the theology of the Arians was declared a heresy at the <a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicea" class="mw-redirect" title="First Council of Nicea">First Council of Nicea</a> in 325, the missionary work of Bishop <a href="/wiki/Ulfilas" title="Ulfilas">Ulfilas</a> converted a significant portion of the <a href="/wiki/Germanic_paganism" title="Germanic paganism">pagan</a> Goths to Arian Christianity in the 4th century. By the time of the ascension of Clovis, Gothic Arians dominated Christian Gaul, and Nicene Christians were the minority. </p><p>Clovis's wife <a href="/wiki/Clotilde" title="Clotilde">Clotilde</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Burgundians" title="Burgundians">Burgundian</a> princess, was a Nicene Christian despite the Arianism that surrounded her at court.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her persistence eventually persuaded Clovis to convert to Nicene Christianity, which he initially resisted. Clotilde had wanted her son to be baptized, but Clovis refused, so she had the child baptized without Clovis's knowledge. Shortly after his baptism, their son died, which further strengthened Clovis's resistance to conversion. Clotilde also had their second son baptized without her husband's permission, and this son became ill and nearly died after his baptism.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Clovis eventually converted to Nicene Christianity on Christmas Day 508<sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in a small church in the vicinity of the subsequent <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Saint-Remi" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbey of Saint-Remi">Abbey of Saint-Remi</a> in <a href="/wiki/Reims" title="Reims">Reims</a>; a statue of his baptism by <a href="/wiki/Saint_Remigius" title="Saint Remigius">Saint Remigius</a> can still be seen there. The details of this event have been passed down by <a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Tours" title="Gregory of Tours">Gregory of Tours</a>, who recorded them many years later in the 6th century. </p><p>The king's Nicene baptism was of immense importance in the subsequent history of Western and Central Europe in general, as Clovis expanded his dominion over almost all of Gaul. Nicene Christianity offered certain advantages to Clovis as he fought to distinguish his rule among many competing power centers in Western Europe. His conversion to the Nicene form of Christianity served to set him apart from most other Germanic kings of his time, such as those of the <a href="/wiki/Visigoths" title="Visigoths">Visigoths</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Vandals" title="Vandals">Vandals</a>, who had converted from Germanic paganism to Arian Christianity. However, he was not the first Germanic king to convert to <a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Nicene Christianity</a>, that distinction belonging to the <a href="/wiki/Suevi" class="mw-redirect" title="Suevi">Suevic</a> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Galicia" title="Kingdom of Galicia">king of Gallaecia</a> <a href="/wiki/Rechiar" title="Rechiar">Rechiar</a>, whose conversion predates Clovis's baptism by half a century.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, Clovis's embrace of the Nicene Christian faith may have also gained him the support of the Nicene Christian Gallo-Roman aristocracy in his later campaign against the Visigoths, which drove them from southern Gaul in 507 and resulted in a great many of his people converting to Nicene Christianity as well.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the other hand, <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Bachrach" title="Bernard Bachrach">Bernard Bachrach</a> has argued that his conversion from Frankish <a href="/wiki/Frankish_mythology#Paganism" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankish mythology">paganism</a> alienated many of the other Frankish sub-kings and weakened his military position over the next few years. In the <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Interpretatio_graeca#Roman_version" title="Interpretatio graeca">interpretatio romana</a></i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Tours" title="Gregory of Tours">Saint Gregory of Tours</a> gave the <a href="/wiki/Common_Germanic_deities" class="mw-redirect" title="Common Germanic deities">Germanic gods that Clovis abandoned</a> the names of roughly equivalent Roman gods, such as <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(god)" title="Jupiter (god)">Jupiter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(mythology)" title="Mercury (mythology)">Mercury</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> William Daly, more directly assessing Clovis's allegedly barbaric and pagan origins,<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ignored the Gregory of Tours version and based his account on the scant earlier sources, a sixth-century <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">"vita"</i></span> of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Genevieve" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Genevieve">Saint Genevieve</a> and letters to or concerning Clovis from bishops (now in the <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Epistolae_Austrasicae" class="mw-redirect" title="Epistolae Austrasicae">Epistolae Austrasicae</a></i></span>) and <a href="/wiki/Theodoric_the_Great" title="Theodoric the Great">Theodoric</a>. </p><p>Clovis and his wife were buried in the <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_St_Genevieve" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbey of St Genevieve">Abbey of St Genevieve</a> (St. Pierre) in Paris; the original name of the church was the Church of the Holy Apostles.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Roman_law">Roman law</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Roman law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Salic_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Salic Law">Salic Law</a></div> <p>Under Clovis, the first codification of the Salian Frank law took place. The <i>Roman Law</i> was written with the assistance of Gallo-Romans to reflect the Salic legal tradition and Christianity, while containing much from Roman tradition. The <i>Roman Law</i> lists various crimes as well as the fines associated with them.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The legacy of Clovis's conquests, a Frankish kingdom that included most of Roman Gaul and parts of western Germany, survived long after his death.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To many French people, he is the founder of the modern French state. </p><p>Detracting, perhaps, from this legacy, is his aforementioned division of the state. This was done not along national or even largely geographical lines, but primarily to assure equal income amongst his sons after his death. While it may or may not have been his intention, this division was the cause of much internal discord in Gaul. This precedent led, in the long run, to the fall of his dynasty, for it was a pattern repeated in future reigns.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Clovis did bequeath to his heirs the support of both people and the Church such that when the magnates were ready to do away with the royal house, the sanction of the Pope was sought first. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center" style="border:1px #aaa solid"> <li class="gallerycaption">Images of the King</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 175px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Battle_of_Tolbiac.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Battle of Tolbiac. Fresco at the Panthéon (Paris) by Joseph Blanc, circa 1881"><img alt="Battle of Tolbiac. Fresco at the Panthéon (Paris) by Joseph Blanc, circa 1881" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Battle_of_Tolbiac.jpg/119px-Battle_of_Tolbiac.jpg" decoding="async" width="119" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Battle_of_Tolbiac.jpg/179px-Battle_of_Tolbiac.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Battle_of_Tolbiac.jpg/238px-Battle_of_Tolbiac.jpg 2x" data-file-width="519" data-file-height="633" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tolbiac" title="Battle of Tolbiac">Battle of Tolbiac</a>. Fresco at the <a href="/wiki/Panth%C3%A9on" title="Panthéon">Panthéon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>) by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Blanc" title="Joseph Blanc">Joseph Blanc</a>, circa 1881</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 175px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chlodwigs_taufe.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Saint Remigius baptizes Clovis, in a painting of c. 1500"><img alt="Saint Remigius baptizes Clovis, in a painting of c. 1500" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Chlodwigs_taufe.jpg/107px-Chlodwigs_taufe.jpg" decoding="async" width="107" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Chlodwigs_taufe.jpg/162px-Chlodwigs_taufe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Chlodwigs_taufe.jpg/215px-Chlodwigs_taufe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2969" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Remigius" title="Saint Remigius">Saint Remigius</a> baptizes Clovis, in a painting of c. 1500</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 175px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sculpture.Notre.Dame.de.Corbeil.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Clovis statue at the Abbey Church of Saint-Denis"><img alt="Clovis statue at the Abbey Church of Saint-Denis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Sculpture.Notre.Dame.de.Corbeil.png/125px-Sculpture.Notre.Dame.de.Corbeil.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Sculpture.Notre.Dame.de.Corbeil.png/188px-Sculpture.Notre.Dame.de.Corbeil.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Sculpture.Notre.Dame.de.Corbeil.png/250px-Sculpture.Notre.Dame.de.Corbeil.png 2x" data-file-width="534" data-file-height="620" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Clovis statue at the Abbey <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint-Denis" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of Saint-Denis">Church of Saint-Denis</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px; height: 175px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clovis-Moreau.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Sons of Clovis, by Georges Moreau de Tours (1877)"><img alt="The Sons of Clovis, by Georges Moreau de Tours (1877)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Clovis-Moreau.jpg/145px-Clovis-Moreau.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Clovis-Moreau.jpg/218px-Clovis-Moreau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Clovis-Moreau.jpg/290px-Clovis-Moreau.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="253" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Sons of Clovis, by <a href="/wiki/Georges_Moreau_de_Tours" title="Georges Moreau de Tours">Georges Moreau de Tours</a> (1877)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sainthood">Sainthood</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Sainthood"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;background-color:gold;"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">King Saint Clovis</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Bapt%C3%AAme_de_Clovis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Bapt%C3%AAme_de_Clovis.jpg/220px-Bapt%C3%AAme_de_Clovis.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Bapt%C3%AAme_de_Clovis.jpg/330px-Bapt%C3%AAme_de_Clovis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Bapt%C3%AAme_de_Clovis.jpg/440px-Bapt%C3%AAme_de_Clovis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1032" data-file-height="1031" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:gold;">King and New Constantine</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 466<br /><a href="/wiki/Tournai" title="Tournai">Tournai</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">27 November 511<br /><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Venerated in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_France" title="Catholic Church in France">Catholic Church in France</a> and Southern Italy</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Major <a href="/wiki/Shrine" title="Shrine">shrine</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint-Denis" title="Basilica of Saint-Denis">Basilica of Saint-Denis</a>; <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Saint_Genevieve" title="Abbey of Saint Genevieve">Abbey of Saint Genevieve</a>; <a href="/wiki/Moissac_Abbey" title="Moissac Abbey">Moissac Abbey</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Feast</a></th><td class="infobox-data">27 November (<a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-Lombard-Jourdan_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lombard-Jourdan-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 497">: 497 </span></sup><br />26 October (<a href="/wiki/Southern_Italy" title="Southern Italy">Southern Italy</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 39">: 39 </span></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Saint_symbolism" title="Saint symbolism">Attributes</a></th><td class="infobox-data">suit-of-armour; upright sword; <i><a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lis" title="Fleur-de-lis">fleur-de-lis</a></i>; three frogs (his attributed arms)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">Patronage</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a><sup id="cite_ref-Breuilly_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Breuilly-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 25">: 25 </span></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Controversy</th><td class="infobox-data">Lack of papal approval; debated violent character; interference from the French state.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In later centuries, Clovis was venerated as a saint in France. The <a href="/wiki/Benedictine" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedictine">Benedictine</a> <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Saint-Denis" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbey of Saint-Denis">Abbey of Saint-Denis</a> (where Clovis was buried) had a shrine to St. Clovis to the east of the main altar.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 34">: 34 </span></sup> There was also a shrine to him in the <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Saint_Genevieve" title="Abbey of Saint Genevieve">Abbey of Saint Genevieve</a> in Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-Jansen_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jansen-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 140">: 140 </span></sup> This shrine had a statue and a number of epitaphs and was probably where the veneration of St. Clovis began.<sup id="cite_ref-Lombard-Jourdan_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lombard-Jourdan-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 497–502">: 497–502 </span></sup> Despite Clovis's presence in Paris, his <a href="/wiki/Cult_(religious_practice)" title="Cult (religious practice)">cultus</a> was largely based in the south of France. Abbot Aymeric de Peyrat (d. 1406), the author of the History of the <a href="/wiki/Moissac_Abbey" title="Moissac Abbey">Moissac Abbey</a>, claimed that his own monastery was founded by St. Clovis and there were many monasteries named in his honour.<sup id="cite_ref-Remensnyder_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Remensnyder-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 130">: 130 </span></sup> Aymeric not only referred to Clovis as a saint but also prayed for St. Clovis's intercession.<sup id="cite_ref-Remensnyder_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Remensnyder-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 130">: 130 </span></sup> There were also known to be shrines dedicated to Clovis in <a href="/wiki/%C3%89glise_Sainte-Marthe_de_Tarascon" title="Église Sainte-Marthe de Tarascon">Église Sainte-Marthe de Tarascon</a> and Saint-Pierre-du-<a href="/wiki/Le_Dorat" title="Le Dorat">Dorât</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Jansen_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jansen-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 140">: 140 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Krynen_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krynen-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 73">: 73 </span></sup> Boniface Symoneta, <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Almain" title="Jacques Almain">Jacques Almain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paulus_Aemilius_Veronensis" title="Paulus Aemilius Veronensis">Paulus Aemilius Veronensis</a> gave <a href="/wiki/Hagiographic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hagiographic">hagiographic</a> accounts of Clovis's life and at the time it was common to include Clovis's life in collections of the lives of the saints.<sup id="cite_ref-Krynen_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krynen-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 73">: 73 </span></sup> </p><p>It has been suggested that the reason that the French state promoted the veneration of Clovis in the south was to establish a border cult that would cause <a href="/wiki/Occitans" title="Occitans">Occitans</a> to venerate the northern-led French state by venerating its founder.<sup id="cite_ref-Krynen_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krynen-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 73">: 73 </span></sup> Another reason could be that Clovis was a preferable foundation figure for the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">House of Valois</a> as their predecessors were the <a href="/wiki/Direct_Capetians" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct Capetians">Direct Capetians</a> who looked back to <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a> whose veneration had been widely recognised.<sup id="cite_ref-Renna_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Renna-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 140">: 140 </span></sup> In contrast to the theory of St. Clovis's cult being a primarily northern-supported movement, Amy Goodrich Remensnyder suggests that St. Clovis was used by Occitans to reject the northern concept of the monarchy and to reinstate their autonomy as something granted by the saint.<sup id="cite_ref-Remensnyder_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Remensnyder-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 119–126">: 119–126 </span></sup> </p><p>St. Clovis had the role of a more militarised royal saint than the pious <a href="/wiki/King_St._Louis" class="mw-redirect" title="King St. Louis">Louis IX of France</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ruddick_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ruddick-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 297">: 297 </span></sup> As a saint, Clovis was important as he represented the spiritual birth of the nation and provided a chivalrous and ascetic model for French political leaders to follow.<sup id="cite_ref-Lloberah_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lloberah-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 54">: 54 </span></sup> The veneration of St. Clovis was not exclusive to France as a print by the Holy Roman woodcut designer <a href="/wiki/Leonhard_Beck" title="Leonhard Beck">Leonhard Beck</a> made for the <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg monarchs</a> depicts Clovis as St. Chlodoveus,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/St._Boniface%27s_Abbey" title="St. Boniface's Abbey">St. Boniface's Abbey</a> in <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a> depicted St. Chlodoveus as a saint worthy of emulation because of his advocacy,<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 239">: 239 </span></sup> and the Florentine Baroque painter <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Dolci" title="Carlo Dolci">Carlo Dolci</a> painted a large depiction of St. Clovis for the Imperial Apartment in the <a href="/wiki/Uffizi" title="Uffizi">Uffizi</a> Gallery.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 106">: 106 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 101">: 101 </span></sup> </p><p>St. Clovis had no known official <a href="/wiki/Canonization" title="Canonization">canonisation</a>, neither was he <a href="/wiki/Beatification" title="Beatification">beatified</a>, so his sainthood was only ever recognised by <a href="/wiki/Pre-congregation" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-congregation">popular acclaim</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lloberah_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lloberah-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 54">: 54 </span></sup> Following the example of the monks of St. Geneviève, St. Clovis's feast day in France was held on 27 November.<sup id="cite_ref-Lombard-Jourdan_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lombard-Jourdan-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 497">: 497 </span></sup> St. Clovis enjoyed a persistent campaign from French royal authorities that few non-French national or dynastic saints did.<sup id="cite_ref-Ruddick_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ruddick-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 297">: 297 </span></sup> French monarchs, beginning in the 14th century at the latest, attempted to officially canonise Clovis a number of times.<sup id="cite_ref-Grell_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grell-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 59">: 59 </span></sup> The most notable attempt, led by King <a href="/wiki/Louis_XI" title="Louis XI">Louis XI</a> and modelled on the successful canonisation campaign of Louis IX, occurred during a conflict with the Burgundians.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 13">: 13 </span></sup> The cause for Clovis's canonisation was taken up once again in the 17th century, with <a href="/wiki/Jesuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit">Jesuit</a> support, a <i><a href="/wiki/Hagiography" title="Hagiography">vita</a></i> and an account of posthumous miracles, in opposition to the controversial historical works of <a href="/wiki/Calvinist" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinist">Calvinist</a> pastor <a href="/wiki/Jean_de_Serres" title="Jean de Serres">Jean de Serres</a> who portrayed Clovis as a cruel and bloodthirsty king.<sup id="cite_ref-Grell_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grell-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 53–54, 59">: 53–54, 59 </span></sup> </p><p>The Jesuit attempt to formally canonize Clovis came after a rediscovery of Clovis's <i>cultus</i> in the 16th century. During this period, the dual role St. Clovis could have for modern France was clarified as that of a deeply sinful man who attained sainthood by submitting himself to the will of God, as well as being the founder of the <a href="/wiki/Gallicanism" title="Gallicanism">Gallican Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Yardeni_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yardeni-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 154–155">: 154–155 </span></sup> He also attained an essentially mystic reputation.<sup id="cite_ref-Yardeni_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yardeni-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 154">: 154 </span></sup> St. Clovis' role in calling for the <a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="First Council of Orléans">First Council of Orléans</a> was understood to be strongly Gallican as he called it without Papal authority and with the understanding that he and his bishops had the authority to call councils that were binding for the Frankish people.<sup id="cite_ref-Yardeni_58-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yardeni-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 157">: 157 </span></sup> For Protestant Gallicans, St. Clovis represented the role of the monarchy in governing the Church and curbing its abuses and was contrasted positively against the Papacy of his time.<sup id="cite_ref-Yardeni_58-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yardeni-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 155">: 155 </span></sup> Protestants were unlikely to mention any of the miracles attributed to St. Clovis, sometimes even writing lengthy rejections of their existence.<sup id="cite_ref-Yardeni_58-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yardeni-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 158">: 158 </span></sup> Instead, they saw his sainthood as evident from his creation of a state more holy and Christian than that of Rome.<sup id="cite_ref-Yardeni_58-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yardeni-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 158">: 158 </span></sup> </p><p>Catholic writers in the 16th century expanded upon the lists of St. Clovis's attributed miracles, but in the early 17th century they also began to minimize their use of the miraculous elements of his hagiography.<sup id="cite_ref-Yardeni_58-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yardeni-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 164">: 164 </span></sup> Mid-to-late-17th-century Jesuit writers resisted this trend and allowed for no doubt as to the miraculous nature of St. Clovis life or his sainthood.<sup id="cite_ref-Yardeni_58-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yardeni-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 164">: 164 </span></sup> Jesuit writers stressed the more extreme elements of his hagiography, and that of other saints associated with him, even claiming that <a href="/wiki/St._Remigius" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Remigius">St. Remigius</a> lived for five hundred years.<sup id="cite_ref-Yardeni_58-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yardeni-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 165">: 165 </span></sup> These hagiographies would still be quoted and widely believed as late as 1896, the fourteenth centenary of his baptism, as a speech from <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Lang%C3%A9nieux" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal Langénieux">Cardinal Langénieux</a> demonstrates.<sup id="cite_ref-Yardeni_58-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yardeni-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 167">: 167 </span></sup> Another factor that led to a resurgence in St. Clovis's veneration was the Spanish Monarchy's use of the title <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Monarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Monarchs">Catholic Monarchs</a>, a title French Monarchs hoped to usurp by attributing it to the much earlier figure of St. Clovis.<sup id="cite_ref-Yardeni_58-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yardeni-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 162">: 162 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chronology">Chronology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Chronology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The sole source for the early Frankish period is <a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Tours" title="Gregory of Tours">Gregory of Tours</a>, who wrote around the year 590. His chronology for the reign of Clovis is almost certainly fabricated, often contradicting itself and other sources.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gregory often divides Clovis' life in spans of 5 years: he became king at age 15, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Soissons_(486)" title="Battle of Soissons (486)">defeated Syagrius</a> in the 5th year of his reign, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tolbiac" title="Battle of Tolbiac">defeated the Alamanni</a> in his 15th year, <a href="/wiki/Franco-Visigothic_Wars" title="Franco-Visigothic Wars">defeated the Visigoths</a> in his 25th year, and died at the age of 45, in the 5th year after <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vouill%C3%A9" title="Battle of Vouillé">his victory at Vouillé</a>, having reigned 30 years.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The exact date on which Clovis became "king of all Franks" is not known, but it happened sometime after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vouill%C3%A9" title="Battle of Vouillé">Battle of Vouillé</a>, which is securely dated to 507.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After this battle, Clovis made Paris his capital, converted to <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholicism</a>, and orchestrated the murders of Frankish kings <a href="/wiki/Sigobert_the_Lame" title="Sigobert the Lame">Sigobert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ragnachar" title="Ragnachar">Ragnachar</a>, uniting all Franks under his rule.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 38–43">: 38–43 </span></sup> Clovis' baptism, traditionally dated to December 496 on the account of Gregory, is now believed to have taken place in December 508.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:02_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The election of Paris as capital must have also happened around 508.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Given that the hostilities between Ragnachar and Clovis began after his conversion,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19729_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19729-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it can be inferred that their confrontation took place shortly after, in 509. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach197231_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach197231-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Clovis I is traditionally said to have died on 27 November 511.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The day is found in one medieval calendar and two <a href="/wiki/Missal" title="Missal">missals</a> now in the <a href="/wiki/Sainte-Genevi%C3%A8ve_Library" title="Sainte-Geneviève Library">Library</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Saint_Genevieve" title="Abbey of Saint Genevieve">Abbey of Saint Genevieve</a> (which was founded by Clovis). However, two <a href="/wiki/Obituary" title="Obituary">obituaries</a> in the abbeys of Saint Genevieve and <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Saint_Denis" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbey of Saint Denis">Saint Denis</a> date his death to 29 November and 3 January, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The latter date may be a confusion with the feast of <a href="/wiki/Genevieve" title="Genevieve">Genevieve</a>, which also falls on 3 January. Gregory of Tours states that Clovis died on the fifth year after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vouill%C3%A9" title="Battle of Vouillé">Battle of Vouillé</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:5_61-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 43">: 43 </span></sup> which gives 511 using <a href="/wiki/Inclusive_counting" class="mw-redirect" title="Inclusive counting">inclusive counting</a>. However, he also states that he died on the 11th year of the episcopate of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Tours" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tours">Licinius of Tours</a> (AD 518) and on the 112th year after the death of <a href="/wiki/Martin_of_Tours" title="Martin of Tours">Martin of Tours</a> (AD 508).<sup id="cite_ref-:02_59-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_61-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i><a href="/wiki/Liber_Pontificalis" title="Liber Pontificalis">Liber Pontificalis</a></i> records that Clovis' crown was sent to <a href="/wiki/Pope_Hormisdas" title="Pope Hormisdas">Pope Hormisdas</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> </span>514–523), which could imply a later date.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Clovis is last attested in an official document dated to 11 July 511, on the <a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="First Council of Orléans">First Council of Orléans</a>, and it is generally accepted that he died shortly after.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Footnotes</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:3-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Clovis"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Clovis">"Clovis" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 563–564.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Clovis&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=563-564&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClovis+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2003" class="citation book cs1">Brown, Peter (2003). <i>The Rise of Western Christendom</i>. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. p. 137.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rise+of+Western+Christendom&rft.place=Malden%2C+MA&rft.pages=137&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishing+Ltd.&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClovis+I" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">General <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a> is cited (in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5_kwAQAAIAAJ&q=%22commence+avec+Clovis%22">1965 biography</a> by <a href="/wiki/David_Schoenbrun" title="David Schoenbrun">David Schoenbrun</a>), as having said "For me, the history of France begins with Clovis, elected as king of France by the tribe of the Franks, who gave their name to France. Before Clovis, we have Gallo-Roman and Gaulish prehistory. The decisive element, for me, is that Clovis was the first king to have been baptized a Christian. My country is a Christian country and I reckon the history of France beginning with the accession of a Christian king who bore the name of the Franks." (<span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Pour moi, l'histoire de France commence avec Clovis, choisi comme roi de France par la tribu des Francs, qui donnèrent leur nom à la France. Avant Clovis, nous avons la Préhistoire gallo-romaine et gauloise. L'élément décisif pour moi, c'est que Clovis fut le premier roi à être baptisé chrétien. Mon pays est un pays chrétien et je commence à compter l'histoire de France à partir de l'accession d'un roi chrétien qui porte le nom des Francs.</i></span>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDanuta1998" class="citation journal cs1">Danuta, Shanzer (March 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/455620">"Dating the baptism of Clovis: the bishop of Vienne vs the bishop of Tours"</a>. <i>Early Medieval Europe</i>. <b>7</b> (1): 29–57. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2F1468-0254.00017">10.1111/1468-0254.00017</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:161819012">161819012</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Early+Medieval+Europe&rft.atitle=Dating+the+baptism+of+Clovis%3A+the+bishop+of+Vienne+vs+the+bishop+of+Tours&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=29-57&rft.date=1998-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2F1468-0254.00017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A161819012%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Danuta&rft.aufirst=Shanzer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F455620&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClovis+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Vries1962" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jan_de_Vries_(linguist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jan de Vries (linguist)">de Vries, Jan</a> (1962). <i>Altnordisches Etymologisches Worterbuch</i> (1977 ed.). Brill. p. 239. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-05436-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-05436-3"><bdi>978-90-04-05436-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Altnordisches+Etymologisches+Worterbuch&rft.pages=239&rft.edition=1977&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1962&rft.isbn=978-90-04-05436-3&rft.aulast=de+Vries&rft.aufirst=Jan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClovis+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZheltukhinaVikulovaVasileva2016" class="citation journal cs1">Zheltukhina, Marina R.; Vikulova, Larisa G.; Vasileva, Gennady G. Slyshkin & Ekaterina G. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ijese.net/makale/989.html">"Naming as Instrument of Strengthening of the Dynastic Power in the early middle Ages (France, England, Vth –XIth Centuries)"</a>. <i>International Journal of Environmental and Science Education</i>: 7200–7202.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+and+Science+Education&rft.atitle=Naming+as+Instrument+of+Strengthening+of+the+Dynastic+Power+in+the+early+middle+Ages+%28France%2C+England%2C+Vth+%E2%80%93XIth+Centuries%29&rft.pages=7200-7202&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Zheltukhina&rft.aufirst=Marina+R.&rft.au=Vikulova%2C+Larisa+G.&rft.au=Vasileva%2C+Gennady+G.+Slyshkin+%26+Ekaterina+G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ijese.net%2Fmakale%2F989.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClovis+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Julius Pokorny (1959), Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, Bern.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nederlandse Voornamenbank, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.meertens.knaw.nl/nvb/verklaring/naam/Lodewijk">Lodewijk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences">Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meertens_Institute" title="Meertens Institute">Meertens Institute</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Meertens_Instituut" class="mw-redirect" title="Meertens Instituut">Meertens Instituut</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meertens.knaw.nl/nvb/verklaring/naam/Lodewijk">Nederlandse Voornamenbank, <i>Lodewijk</i></a>. The second element corresponds to Middle High German <i>wîc</i>, with <a href="/wiki/Final-obstruent_devoicing#German" title="Final-obstruent devoicing">final-obstruent devoicing</a>, as in <i>Ludewic</i>. The Middle Dutch form is <i>wijch</i> (modern Dutch <i>wijg</i>; see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gtb.inl.nl/iWDB/search?actie=article&wdb=WNT&id=M086196&lemma=wijg">WNT, "wijg"</a>), as in original Dutch <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meertens.knaw.nl/nvb/verklaring/naam/Hadewig"><i>Hadewig</i>, <i>Hadewijch</i></a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParaschkewow2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Paraschkewow, Boris (2004). <i>Wörter und Namen gleicher Herkunft und Struktur: Lexikon etymologischer Dubletten im Deutschen</i> (in German). Walter de Gruyter. p. 57. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-017470-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-017470-0"><bdi>978-3-11-017470-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=W%C3%B6rter+und+Namen+gleicher+Herkunft+und+Struktur%3A+Lexikon+etymologischer+Dubletten+im+Deutschen&rft.pages=57&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-3-11-017470-0&rft.aulast=Paraschkewow&rft.aufirst=Boris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClovis+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/lewis">"Lewis"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Online_Etymology_Dictionary" title="Online Etymology Dictionary">Online Etymology Dictionary</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Lewis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Flewis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClovis+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenwein2004" class="citation book cs1">Rosenwein, Barbara (2004). <i>A Short History of the Middle Ages</i>. Canada: University of Toronto Press. p. 43.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Short+History+of+the+Middle+Ages&rft.place=Canada&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Rosenwein&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClovis+I" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–4-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–4_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–4_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–4_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–4_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–4_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBachrach1972">Bachrach 1972</a>, pp. 3–4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jelle Stegeman: Grote geschiedenis van de Nederlandse taal, Amsterdam 2021, §3.1.1.1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Einhard, Vita Karoli 25. & Janet Nelson: King and Emperor. London 2019, pp. 68.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chararic-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chararic_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chararic_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chararic_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chararic_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XiuSGrFt32gC&dq=Chararic+%28Frankish+king%29&pg=PA110"><i>The Cambridge Medieval History</i>, Vol. 2, (Henry Melvill Gwatkin et al, eds.), Macmillan, 1913, p. 110</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frassetto, Michael, <i>Encyclopedia of barbarian Europe</i>, (ABC-CLIO, 2003), p. 126</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19728-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19728_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19728_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBachrach1972">Bachrach 1972</a>, p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BeerAdvocate-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BeerAdvocate_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BeerAdvocate_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BeerAdvocate_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BeerAdvocate_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://beeradvocate.com/articles/668">"Iron Age Braumeisters of the Teutonic Forests"</a>. <i>BeerAdvocate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BeerAdvocate&rft.atitle=Iron+Age+Braumeisters+of+the+Teutonic+Forests&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbeeradvocate.com%2Farticles%2F668&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClovis+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The abbey was later renamed <a href="/wiki/Sainte-Genevi%C3%A8ve_Abbey" class="mw-redirect" title="Sainte-Geneviève Abbey">Sainte-Geneviève Abbey</a>, in honor of the <a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">patron saint</a> of Paris, and was demolished in 1802. All that remains is the "Tour Clovis", a Romanesque tower that now lies within the grounds of the <a href="/wiki/Lyc%C3%A9e_Henri-IV" title="Lycée Henri-IV">Lycée Henri-IV</a>, just east of <a href="/wiki/The_Panth%C3%A9on" class="mw-redirect" title="The Panthéon">The Panthéon</a>, and the parish Saint-Étienne-du-Mont, which was built on the abbey territory.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19725-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19725_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBachrach1972">Bachrach 1972</a>, p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-encbrit-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-encbrit_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Clotilda, Saint"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Clotilda,_Saint">"Clotilda, Saint" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 557.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Clotilda%2C+Saint&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=557&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClovis+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19726-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19726_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBachrach1972">Bachrach 1972</a>, p. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19729-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19729_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19729_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19729_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBachrach1972">Bachrach 1972</a>, p. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach197210-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach197210_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBachrach1972">Bachrach 1972</a>, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–11-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach19723–11_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBachrach1972">Bachrach 1972</a>, p. 3–11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMathisen2012" class="citation book cs1">Mathisen, Ralph W. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/29750646">"Clovis, Anastasius, and Political Status in 508 C.E.: The Frankish Aftermath of the Battle of Vouillé"</a>. In Mathisen, Ralph W.; Shanzer, Danuta (eds.). <i>The Battle of Vouillé, 507 CE: Where France Began</i>. De Gruyter. pp. 79–110. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2F9781614510994.79">10.1515/9781614510994.79</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61451-099-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61451-099-4"><bdi>978-1-61451-099-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Clovis%2C+Anastasius%2C+and+Political+Status+in+508+C.E.%3A+The+Frankish+Aftermath+of+the+Battle+of+Vouill%C3%A9&rft.btitle=The+Battle+of+Vouill%C3%A9%2C+507+CE%3A+Where+France+Began&rft.pages=79-110&rft.pub=De+Gruyter&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1515%2F9781614510994.79&rft.isbn=978-1-61451-099-4&rft.aulast=Mathisen&rft.aufirst=Ralph+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F29750646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClovis+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Howorth-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Howorth_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ye92FXOHQfUC&dq=Sigobert+the+Lame&pg=PA235">Howorth, H.H., "The Ethnology of Germany", <i>The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland</i>, Volume 13, Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 1884, p. 235</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBachrach197231-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach197231_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBachrach197231_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBachrach1972">Bachrach 1972</a>, p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Patrick Boucheron, et al., eds. <i>France in the World: A New Global History</i> (2019) pp 85–86.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ian Wood, <i>The Merovingian Kingdoms</i>, (Longman, 1994), 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeary2003" class="citation book cs1">Geary, Patrick (2003). <i>Readings in Medieval History: Gregory of Tours History of the Franks</i>. Canada: Broadview Press Ltd. pp. 145–146.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Readings+in+Medieval+History%3A+Gregory+of+Tours+History+of+the+Franks&rft.place=Canada&rft.pages=145-146&rft.pub=Broadview+Press+Ltd.&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Geary&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClovis+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James Muldoon, (ed.) (1997). <i>Gender and Conversion in the Merovingian Era</i>, Cordula Nolte, <i>Varieties of Religious Conversion in the Middle Ages</i>, University of Florida Press, p. 88</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames1980" class="citation book cs1">James, Edward (1980). <i>Visigothic Spain: new approaches [papers read at</i>. Visigothic Colloquy. 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London</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Clovis_I" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Clovis I">Clovis I</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original works by or about:<br /><b style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Clovis_I" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Clovis I">Clovis I</a></i></b></div></div> </div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Clovis I </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/Merovingian" class="mw-redirect" title="Merovingian">Merovingian Dynasty</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>Born:</b> 466</span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"> <b>Died:</b> November 27 511</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Childeric_I" title="Childeric I">Childeric I</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Frankish_Kings" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Frankish Kings">King of the Salian Franks</a> </b><br />481 – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 509 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Conquered <a href="/wiki/Francia" title="Francia">Francia</a> </b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="4"><b>Conquest of Francia </b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="4"><b> <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Franks" class="mw-redirect" title="King of the Franks">King of the Franks</a> </b><br /><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 509 – 27 November 511 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Clotaire_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Clotaire I">Clotaire I</a></div><i><b>as king of Soissons </b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Childebert_I" title="Childebert I">Childebert I</a></div><i><b>as king of Paris </b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chlodomer" title="Chlodomer">Chlodomer</a></div><i><b>as king of Orléans </b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Theuderic_I" title="Theuderic I">Theuderic I</a></div><i><b>as king of Reims </b></i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Merovingian_dynasty_(400–751_AD)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="4" style="background: #BFD7FF;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Merovingians" title="Template:Merovingians"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Merovingians" title="Template talk:Merovingians"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Merovingians" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Merovingians"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Merovingian_dynasty_(400–751_AD)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Merovingian_dynasty" title="Merovingian dynasty">Merovingian dynasty</a> (400–751 AD)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 2px 0 0"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Theodebert_I_534_548_king_of_Metz.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Theodebert I, 534-548."><img alt="Theodebert I, 534-548." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Theodebert_I_534_548_king_of_Metz.jpg/100px-Theodebert_I_534_548_king_of_Metz.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Theodebert_I_534_548_king_of_Metz.jpg/150px-Theodebert_I_534_548_king_of_Metz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Theodebert_I_534_548_king_of_Metz.jpg/200px-Theodebert_I_534_548_king_of_Metz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="287" data-file-height="295" /></a></span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Merovech" title="Merovech">Merovech</a> (450–458)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childeric_I" title="Childeric I">Childeric I</a> (457–481)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Clovis I</a> (481–511)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childebert_I" title="Childebert I">Childebert I</a> (511–558)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlodomer" title="Chlodomer">Chlodomer</a> (511–524)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theuderic_I" title="Theuderic I">Theuderic I</a> (511–533)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theudebert_I" title="Theudebert I">Theudebert I</a> (533–548)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theudebald" title="Theudebald">Theudebald</a> (548–555)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_I" title="Chlothar I">Chlothar I</a> (511–561)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charibert_I" title="Charibert I">Charibert I</a> (561–567)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guntram" title="Guntram">Guntram</a> (561–592)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigebert_I" title="Sigebert I">Sigebert I</a> (561–575)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childebert_II" title="Childebert II">Childebert II</a> (575–595)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theudebert_II" title="Theudebert II">Theudebert II</a> (595–612)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theuderic_II" title="Theuderic II">Theuderic II</a> (612–613)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigebert_II" title="Sigebert II">Sigebert II</a> (613)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilperic_I" title="Chilperic I">Chilperic I</a> (561–584)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_II" title="Chlothar II">Chlothar II</a> (584–623)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagobert_I" title="Dagobert I">Dagobert I</a> (623–634)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charibert_II" title="Charibert II">Charibert II</a> (629–632)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilperic_of_Aquitaine" title="Chilperic of Aquitaine">Chilperic</a> (632)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigebert_III" title="Sigebert III">Sigebert III</a> (634–656)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childebert_the_Adopted" title="Childebert the Adopted">Childebert the Adopted</a> (656–661)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_II" title="Clovis II">Clovis II</a> (639–657)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_III" title="Chlothar III">Chlothar III</a> (657–673)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childeric_II" title="Childeric II">Childeric II</a> (662–675)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theuderic_III" title="Theuderic III">Theuderic III</a> (675–691)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagobert_II" title="Dagobert II">Dagobert II</a> (675–679)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_IV" title="Clovis IV">Clovis IV</a> (691–695)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childebert_III" title="Childebert III">Childebert III</a> (695–711)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagobert_III" title="Dagobert III">Dagobert III</a> (711–715)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilperic_II" title="Chilperic II">Chilperic II</a> (715–721)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_IV" title="Chlothar IV">Chlothar IV</a> (717–720)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theuderic_IV" title="Theuderic IV">Theuderic IV</a> (721–737)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childeric_III" title="Childeric III">Childeric III</a> (743–751)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tr%C3%A9sor_de_Gourdon_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Childeric I (457-481)."><img alt="Childeric I (457-481)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Tr%C3%A9sor_de_Gourdon_02.JPG/150px-Tr%C3%A9sor_de_Gourdon_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Tr%C3%A9sor_de_Gourdon_02.JPG/225px-Tr%C3%A9sor_de_Gourdon_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Tr%C3%A9sor_de_Gourdon_02.JPG/300px-Tr%C3%A9sor_de_Gourdon_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1925" data-file-height="1287" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Monarchs_of_France" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Monarchs_of_France" title="Template:Monarchs of France"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Monarchs_of_France" title="Template talk:Monarchs of France"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs_of_France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs of France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarchs_of_France" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Monarchs of France</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_French_monarchs" title="Family tree of French monarchs">Detailed family tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_French_monarchs_(simple)" class="mw-redirect" title="Family tree of French monarchs (simple)">Simplified family tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Frankish_kings" title="List of Frankish kings">List of Frankish kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_monarchs" title="List of French monarchs">List of French monarchs</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Merovingian_dynasty" title="Merovingian dynasty">Merovingians</a> (509–751)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Clovis I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childebert_I" title="Childebert I">Childebert I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_I" title="Chlothar I">Chlothar I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charibert_I" title="Charibert I">Charibert I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guntram" title="Guntram">Guntram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilperic_I" title="Chilperic I">Chilperic I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigebert_I" title="Sigebert I">Sigebert I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childebert_II" title="Childebert II">Childebert II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_II" title="Chlothar II">Chlothar II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagobert_I" title="Dagobert I">Dagobert I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigebert_II" title="Sigebert II">Sigebert II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_II" title="Clovis II">Clovis II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_III" title="Chlothar III">Chlothar III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childeric_II" title="Childeric II">Childeric II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theuderic_III" title="Theuderic III">Theuderic III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_IV" title="Clovis IV">Clovis IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childebert_III" title="Childebert III">Childebert III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagobert_III" title="Dagobert III">Dagobert III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilperic_II" title="Chilperic II">Chilperic II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_IV" title="Chlothar IV">Chlothar IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theuderic_IV" title="Theuderic IV">Theuderic IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childeric_III" title="Childeric III">Childeric III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Carolingian_dynasty" title="Carolingian dynasty">Carolingians</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Robertians" title="Robertians">Robertians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bosonids" title="Bosonids">Bosonids</a> (751–987)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pepin_the_Short" title="Pepin the Short">Pepin the Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carloman_I" title="Carloman I">Carloman I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a> (Charles I)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Pious" title="Louis the Pious">Louis I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Bald" title="Charles the Bald">Charles II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Stammerer" title="Louis the Stammerer">Louis II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_III_of_France" title="Louis III of France">Louis III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carloman_II" title="Carloman II">Carloman II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Fat" title="Charles the Fat">Charles the Fat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odo_of_France" title="Odo of France">Odo</a><sup><i>R</i></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Simple" title="Charles the Simple">Charles III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_I_of_France" title="Robert I of France">Robert I</a><sup><i>R</i></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolph_of_France" title="Rudolph of France">Rudolph</a><sup><i>B</i></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_IV_of_France" title="Louis IV of France">Louis IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothair_of_France" title="Lothair of France">Lothair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_V_of_France" title="Louis V of France">Louis V</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Capet" title="House of Capet">House of Capet</a> (987–1328)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Capet" title="Hugh Capet">Hugh Capet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_II_of_France" title="Robert II of France">Robert II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_I_of_France" title="Henry I of France">Henry I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_France" title="Philip I of France">Philip I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_VI_of_France" title="Louis VI of France">Louis VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_VII_of_France" title="Louis VII of France">Louis VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_France" title="Philip II of France">Philip II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_VIII_of_France" title="Louis VIII of France">Louis VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_IX_of_France" title="Louis IX of France">Louis IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_France" title="Philip III of France">Philip III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_France" title="Philip IV of France">Philip IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_X_of_France" title="Louis X of France">Louis X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_I_of_France" title="John I of France">John I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_France" title="Philip V of France">Philip V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_IV_of_France" title="Charles IV of France">Charles IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">House of Valois</a> (1328–1589)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_VI_of_France" title="Philip VI of France">Philip VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_II_of_France" title="John II of France">John II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_V_of_France" title="Charles V of France">Charles V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_VI_of_France" title="Charles VI of France">Charles VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_VII_of_France" title="Charles VII of France">Charles VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XI" title="Louis XI">Louis XI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_VIII_of_France" title="Charles VIII of France">Charles VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XII" title="Louis XII">Louis XII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_II_of_France" title="Henry II of France">Henry II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_II_of_France" title="Francis II of France">Francis II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_IX_of_France" title="Charles IX of France">Charles IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_France" title="Henry III of France">Henry III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><i><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lancaster" title="House of Lancaster">House of Lancaster</a></i> <i>(1422–1453)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England" title="Henry VI of England">Henry VI of England</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a> (1589–1792)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France" title="Henry IV of France">Henry IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII" title="Louis XIII">Louis XIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XV" title="Louis XV">Louis XV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI" title="Louis XVI">Louis XVI</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVII" title="Louis XVII">Louis XVII</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonaparte" title="House of Bonaparte">House of Bonaparte</a> (1804–1814; 1815)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_II" title="Napoleon II">Napoleon II</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a> (1814–1815; 1815–1830)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII" title="Louis XVIII">Louis XVIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_X_of_France" title="Charles X of France">Charles X</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine,_Duke_of_Angoul%C3%AAme" title="Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême">Louis XIX</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henri,_Count_of_Chambord" title="Henri, Count of Chambord">Henry V</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="House of Orléans">House of Orléans</a> (1830–1848)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I" title="Louis Philippe I">Louis Philippe I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prince_Philippe,_Count_of_Paris" title="Prince Philippe, Count of Paris">Louis Philippe II</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonaparte" title="House of Bonaparte">House of Bonaparte</a> (1852–1870)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Napoleon III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Debatable or disputed rulers are in <i>italics</i>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82339#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82339#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82339#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000381684151">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/262645254">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/319159474317427662617">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1812959/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqbpTqyYTh3yMy8rJhGpP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118675958">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80056895">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119633041">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119633041">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00826921">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0019330&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX5199498">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p073017078">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=140398">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810560259705606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/28268">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007259988605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biografischportaal.nl/en/persoon/63050528">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118675958.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118675958">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027633454">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/020589">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&oldid=1253303389">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clovis_I&oldid=1253303389</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:460s_births" title="Category:460s births">460s births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:511_deaths" title="Category:511 deaths">511 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Frankish_warriors" title="Category:Frankish warriors">Frankish warriors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:5th-century_monarchs_in_Europe" title="Category:5th-century monarchs in 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