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Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Резидентен град – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Резидентен град" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resid%C3%A8ncia" title="Residència – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Residència" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residence" title="Residence – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Residence" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residens" title="Residens – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Residens" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residenzstadt" title="Residenzstadt – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Residenzstadt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rezidencija" title="Rezidencija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rezidencija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residentie" title="Residentie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Residentie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residens" title="Residens – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Residens" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rezydencja" title="Rezydencja – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rezydencja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reziden%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Rezidență – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Rezidență" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a 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0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Residenz" title="Special:EditPage/Residenz">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Residenz%22">"Residenz"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Residenz%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Residenz%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Residenz%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Residenz%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Residenz%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Residenz</b></i> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">German:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ʁeziˈdɛnts]</a></span>) is a <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> word for "domicile", now obsolete except in the formal sense of an <a href="/wiki/Official_residence" title="Official residence">official residence</a>. A related term, <i>Residenzstadt</i>, denotes a city where a sovereign ruler resided, and thus carries a similar meaning to the contemporary expressions <i>seat of government</i> or <i>capital</i>. As there were many sovereign (<a href="/wiki/Imperial_immediacy" title="Imperial immediacy">imperially immediate</a>) rulers in the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, ranking from lord (<i>Herr</i>) to <a href="/wiki/Prince_elector" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince elector">prince elector</a> and king, there are many cities, palaces, and castles in the empire's former territory which used to be a <i>Residenz</i>, some of which are still so referred to today. The former status of a city as a <i>Residenz</i> is frequently reflected in the architecture of its center. During the <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">baroque</a> period especially, many prestigious buildings were erected; sometimes even new towns were founded. Most former <i>Residenzstädte</i> still serve as cultural and administrative centers today. </p><p>Examples of buildings or cities: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Residenz_W%C3%BCrzburg_im_Bau_1731.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Residenz_W%C3%BCrzburg_im_Bau_1731.jpg/220px-Residenz_W%C3%BCrzburg_im_Bau_1731.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Residenz_W%C3%BCrzburg_im_Bau_1731.jpg/330px-Residenz_W%C3%BCrzburg_im_Bau_1731.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Residenz_W%C3%BCrzburg_im_Bau_1731.jpg/440px-Residenz_W%C3%BCrzburg_im_Bau_1731.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3130" data-file-height="2462" /></a><figcaption>The <i><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrzburg_Residenz" class="mw-redirect" title="Würzburg Residenz">Würzburg Residenz</a></i></span></i> under construction in 1731</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Meersburg_um_1800.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Meersburg_um_1800.jpg/220px-Meersburg_um_1800.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Meersburg_um_1800.jpg/330px-Meersburg_um_1800.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Meersburg_um_1800.jpg/440px-Meersburg_um_1800.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Meersburg" title="Meersburg">Meersburg</a>, the seat of the <a href="/wiki/Bishopric_of_Constance" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishopric of Constance">prince-bishops of Constance</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Munich_Residenz" title="Munich Residenz">Munich <i>Residenz</i></a>, the former residence of the Dukes and Kings of <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>. <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a> remains the capital of the German state of Bavaria.</li> <li><i><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrzburg_Residenz" class="mw-redirect" title="Würzburg Residenz">Würzburg Residenz</a></i></span></i>, the former residence of the <a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_W%C3%BCrzburg" title="Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg">prince-bishops of Würzburg</a>. <a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrzburg" title="Würzburg">Würzburg</a> today is capital of the <a href="/wiki/Lower_Franconia" title="Lower Franconia">Lower Franconia</a> <a href="/wiki/Regierungsbezirk" title="Regierungsbezirk">government district</a> of Bavaria.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alte_Residenz" class="mw-redirect" title="Alte Residenz">Alte Residenz</a></i>, the former residence of the <a href="/wiki/Archbishopric_of_Salzburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishopric of Salzburg">archbishops of Salzburg</a>. Salzburg today is the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Salzburg_(state)" title="Salzburg (state)">state of Salzburg</a> in <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussia</a>'s <i>Residenzstädte</i>, where the royal family maintained residences, were <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsberg" title="Königsberg">Königsberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Potsdam" title="Potsdam">Potsdam</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Breslau" class="mw-redirect" title="Breslau">Breslau</a>.</li></ul> <p>Rulers who founded <i>Residenz</i> towns in the baroque era: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_William,_Margrave_of_Baden-Baden" title="Louis William, Margrave of Baden-Baden">Louis William</a>, <a href="/wiki/Margraviate_of_Baden" title="Margraviate of Baden">Margrave of Baden</a>, general field marshal of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, nicknamed <i>Türken-Louis</i> for his successes against the Turks and now in possession of a great war prize, in 1699 altered plans for a hunting lodge being built near the village of <a href="/wiki/Rastatt" title="Rastatt">Rastatt</a> since 1697. Aiming to become prince elector, he spent 12 million <a href="/wiki/Guilder" title="Guilder">guilders</a> on <a href="/wiki/Schloss_Rastatt" title="Schloss Rastatt">Rastatt Castle</a>. The village grew accordingly and was incorporated as a town in 1700. Louis William lived at the castle from 1702, and the court followed from <a href="/wiki/Baden-Baden" title="Baden-Baden">Baden-Baden</a> in 1705.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eberhard_Ludwig" class="mw-redirect" title="Eberhard Ludwig">Eberhard Louis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Duchy of Württemberg">Duke of Württemberg</a>, had begun reconstruction of a destroyed hunting lodge north of his capital of <a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a> in 1704. In 1705, he named the site <a href="/wiki/Ludwigsburg" title="Ludwigsburg">Ludwigsburg</a>. Plans were enlarged in 1706 and again in 1715, resulting in <a href="/wiki/Ludwigsburg_Palace" title="Ludwigsburg Palace">Ludwigsburg Palace</a>. In 1709, Eberhard Louis moved to the new castle. Beginning in the same year, a <a href="/wiki/Planned_community" title="Planned community">planned community</a> was constructed near the palace, which was incorporated as a town in 1718. Ludwigsburg became the official seat of the dukes of Württemberg in 1718. After Eberhard Louis' death in 1733, his successor took the court back to Stuttgart. From 1764 to 1775, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Eugene,_Duke_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Charles Eugene, Duke of Württemberg">Charles Eugene</a>, quarrelling with <a href="/wiki/Estates_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Estates of Württemberg">the duchy's estates</a> over yet another residence, the <a href="/wiki/New_Palace_(Stuttgart)" class="mw-redirect" title="New Palace (Stuttgart)">New Palace</a> in Stuttgart, moved his official residence to Ludwigsburg once more.</li> <li>In 1715, Margrave <a href="/wiki/Charles_III_William,_Margrave_of_Baden-Durlach" title="Charles III William, Margrave of Baden-Durlach">Charles III William</a> of <a href="/wiki/Margraviate_of_Baden-Durlach" title="Margraviate of Baden-Durlach">Baden-Durlach</a> chose to build a new residence in a forest clearing that he called <i>Karlsruhe</i> ("Charles's rest"). <a href="/wiki/Karlsruhe" title="Karlsruhe">Karlsruhe</a> became his primary residence and by 1719 the administration of his domain had been completely transferred from Durlach. From 1806, Karlsruhe was the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Baden" title="Grand Duchy of Baden">Grand Duchy of Baden</a>. After 1952, when the states of Baden and Württemberg were merged into <a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a> and the Württemberg capital Stuttgart became the capital of the new state, Karlsruhe not only remained the capital of a government district of the same name, but was made <i>Residenz des Rechts</i> (the seat of law) for all of <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a>. Today it is the seat of the German <a href="/wiki/Federal_Constitutional_Court" title="Federal Constitutional Court">Federal Constitutional Court</a> and <a href="/wiki/Federal_Court_of_Justice" title="Federal Court of Justice">Federal Court of Justice</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_Philip,_Elector_Palatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine">Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine</a> since 1716, transferred his seat in 1720 from <a href="/wiki/Heidelberg" title="Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a> to <a href="/wiki/Mannheim" title="Mannheim">Mannheim</a>, a fort at the confluence of the rivers <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neckar" title="Neckar">Neckar</a>, which had been destroyed in the war and was being rebuilt. The construction of <a href="/wiki/Mannheim_Palace" title="Mannheim Palace">Mannheim Palace</a> began in 1720 on the site of the former <a href="/wiki/Citadel" title="Citadel">citadel</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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