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aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-結構" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#結構"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>結構</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-結構-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-单糖的化学反应" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#单糖的化学反应"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>单糖的化学反应</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-单糖的化学反应-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>外部連接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">單醣</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。69种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1_%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="سكر أحادي – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سكر أحادي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosac%C3%A1ridu" title="Monosacáridu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Monosacáridu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaxarid" title="Monosaxarid – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Monosaxarid" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="مونوساکارید – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مونوساکارید" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Монацукрыды – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Монацукрыды" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Монацукрыды – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Монацукрыды" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Монозахарид – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Монозахарид" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A1" title="মনোস্যাকারাইড – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মনোস্যাকারাইড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaharidi" title="Monosaharidi – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Monosaharidi" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosac%C3%A0rid" title="Monosacàrid – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Monosacàrid" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosacharidy" title="Monosacharidy – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Monosacharidy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaccharide" title="Monosaccharide – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Monosaccharide" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%87%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Μονοσακχαρίτης – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μονοσακχαρίτης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaccharide" title="Monosaccharide – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Monosaccharide" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosa%C4%A5arido" title="Monosaĥarido – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Monosaĥarido" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosac%C3%A1rido" title="Monosacárido – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Monosacárido" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosahhariidid" title="Monosahhariidid – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Monosahhariidid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosakarido" title="Monosakarido – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Monosakarido" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="منوساکارید – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="منوساکارید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosakkaridi" title="Monosakkaridi – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Monosakkaridi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ose" title="Ose – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ose" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosacharide" title="Monosacharide – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Monosacharide" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monaisi%C3%BAicr%C3%ADd" title="Monaisiúicríd – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Monaisiúicríd" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosac%C3%A1rido" title="Monosacárido – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Monosacárido" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%93-%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A8" title="חד-סוכר – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חד-סוכר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="एकलशर्करा – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एकलशर्करा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaharidi" title="Monosaharidi – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Monosaharidi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoszacharid" title="Monoszacharid – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Monoszacharid" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A4%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Մոնոսախարիդներ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մոնոսախարիդներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosakarida" title="Monosakarida – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Monosakarida" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozo" title="Ozo – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ozo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einsykrur" title="Einsykrur – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Einsykrur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaccaridi" title="Monosaccaridi – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Monosaccaridi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%98%E7%B3%96" title="単糖 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="単糖" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Моносахаридтер – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Моносахаридтер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%A8%EB%8B%B9%EB%A5%98" title="단당류 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="단당류" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosakar%C3%AEd" title="Monosakarîd – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Monosakarîd" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Моносахариддер – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Моносахариддер" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosacharidai" title="Monosacharidai – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Monosacharidai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosahar%C4%ABdi" title="Monosaharīdi – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Monosaharīdi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Моносахарид – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Моносахарид" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosakarida" title="Monosakarida – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Monosakarida" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosacharide" title="Monosacharide – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Monosacharide" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosakkarid" title="Monosakkarid – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Monosakkarid" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enkle_sukkerarter" title="Enkle sukkerarter – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Enkle sukkerarter" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92sa" title="Òsa – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Òsa" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosacharydy" title="Monosacharydy – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Monosacharydy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monossacar%C3%ADdeo" title="Monossacarídeo – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Monossacarídeo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monozaharid%C4%83" title="Monozaharidă – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Monozaharidă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Моносахариды – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Моносахариды" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaharidi" title="Monosaharidi – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Monosaharidi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%9C%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A9" title="මොනොසැකරයිඩ – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මොනොසැකරයිඩ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaccharide" title="Monosaccharide – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Monosaccharide" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosacharid" title="Monosacharid – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Monosacharid" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaharid" title="Monosaharid – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Monosaharid" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosakaridet" title="Monosakaridet – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Monosakaridet" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaharid" title="Monosaharid – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Monosaharid" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosakarida" title="Monosakarida – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Monosakarida" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosackarid" title="Monosackarid – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Monosackarid" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88" title="ஒற்றைச்சர்க்கரை – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஒற்றைச்சர்க்கரை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="โมโนแซ็กคาไรด์ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โมโนแซ็กคาไรด์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosakkarit" title="Monosakkarit – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Monosakkarit" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Моносахариди – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Моносахариди" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaxaridlar" title="Monosaxaridlar – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Monosaxaridlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaccharide" title="Monosaccharide – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Monosaccharide" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E7%B3%96" title="单糖 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="单糖" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tan-thn%CC%82g" title="Tan-thn̂g – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tan-thn̂g" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E9%86%A3" title="單醣 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="單醣" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiNcithinye" title="IsiNcithinye – 祖鲁语" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IsiNcithinye" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="祖鲁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q133516#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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</div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button 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.ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>缺少或没有列出<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">参考或来源</a></b>，或者有未能查证的内容。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2012年9月12日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>維基百科所有的內容都應該<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AD%89" title="Wikipedia:可供查證">可供查證</a>，化学类条目亦需严谨。请协助添加来自<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>的引用以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%AE%E9%86%A3&action=edit">改善这篇化学类条目</a>。<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a>的内容可能被提出异议而移除。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="noteTA-a9ae6a5a" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Lifesciences"></div></div><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-hans:景天庚酮糖;zh-hant:景天庚酮糖"></div></div></div> <p><b>單醣</b>（Monosaccharides，源自希臘語 <i>monos</i>: single, <i>sacchar</i>: sugar；亦稱 simple sugars），是最簡形式的<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="醣">醣</a>，為醣類的最基本單元（<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="單體">單體</a>）。它们通常无色、具水溶性，且为晶形固体。尽管名称为醣，只有某些单醣具甜味。 </p><p>單醣以糖分子內含有<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a>的數量來歸類，通常有三至七個碳原子，例子有： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%A2%B3%E9%86%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="三碳醣">三碳醣</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E6%B2%B9%E9%86%9B" title="甘油醛">甘油醛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BE%9F%E5%9F%BA%E4%B8%99%E9%85%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="二羟基丙酮">二羟基丙酮</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%A2%B3%E9%86%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="四碳醣">四碳醣</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E8%97%93%E7%B3%96" title="赤藓糖">赤藓糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E7%A2%B3%E7%B3%96" class="mw-redirect" title="五碳糖">五碳醣</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%B3%96" title="核糖">核糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E6%B0%A7%E6%A0%B8%E7%B3%96" title="脱氧核糖">脱氧核糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E7%B3%96" title="阿拉伯糖">阿拉伯糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E7%B3%96" title="木糖">木糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A5%E8%8B%8F%E7%B3%96" title="来苏糖">来苏糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%A2%B3%E7%B3%96" class="mw-redirect" title="六碳糖">六碳醣</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E6%9D%9C%E7%B3%96" title="艾杜糖">艾杜糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%B3%96" title="葡萄糖">葡萄糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96" title="果糖">果糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E4%B9%B3%E7%B3%96" title="半乳糖">半乳糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E7%B3%96" title="甘露糖">甘露糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%A0%E6%9D%8E%E7%B3%96" title="鼠李糖">鼠李糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E7%A2%B3%E9%86%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="七碳醣">七碳醣</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E5%A4%A9%E5%BA%9A%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" title="景天庚酮糖">景天庚酮糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E5%BA%9A%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" title="甘露庚酮糖">甘露庚酮糖</a></li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="結構"><span id=".E7.B5.90.E6.A7.8B"></span>結構</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%AE%E9%86%A3&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：結構"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>大部分的單醣為<b>D-form</b>，僅有少部分的單醣是<b>L-form</b>的（例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%A0%E6%9D%8E%E7%B3%96" title="鼠李糖">鼠李糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E7%B3%96" title="阿拉伯糖">阿拉伯糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%A9%E8%97%BB%E7%B3%96" title="岩藻糖">岩藻糖</a>等），但也有無D、L之分的（例如<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BE%9F%E5%9F%BA%E4%B8%99%E9%85%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="二羟基丙酮">二羥基丙酮</a>）。 </p><p>除了少數例外（如<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%BB%E6%B0%A7%E7%B3%96" class="mw-redirect" title="去氧糖">去氧糖</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E7%B3%96" title="氨基糖">氨基糖</a>），單醣的化學式是：(<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">C</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="氫">H</a><sub>2</sub><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">O</a>)<sub>n</sub>。 </p><p>單醣含有<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%AE" title="酮">酮</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%9B" title="醛">醛</a>官能基。按照其所含的官能基不同，分为<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" class="mw-redirect" title="酮糖">酮糖</a>类和<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%9B%E7%B3%96" class="mw-redirect" title="醛糖">醛糖</a>类。自然界中最重要分布最广的是含有五个和六个碳原子的糖，是人类和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="动物">动物</a>可以直接吸收消化的糖类。木糖和阿拉伯糖都是五元糖，葡萄糖和果糖都是六元糖。作为<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9" title="食物">食物</a>的淀粉（多醣）和蔗糖（贰醣）都需要人或动物体内的<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B6" title="酶">酶</a>将其分解成单糖才能吸收。 </p><p>除<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BE%9F%E5%9F%BA%E4%B8%99%E9%85%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="二羟基丙酮">二羟基丙酮</a>之外的單醣都具有<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E6%80%A7" title="手性">手性</a>中心，分子有<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8B%E5%85%89%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="旋光性">旋光性</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="单糖的化学反应"><span id=".E5.8D.95.E7.B3.96.E7.9A.84.E5.8C.96.E5.AD.A6.E5.8F.8D.E5.BA.94"></span>单糖的化学反应</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%AE%E9%86%A3&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：单糖的化学反应"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>單醣含有羟基和羰基，因此它具有<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%87" title="醇">醇</a>、醛或酮的化学性质： </p> <ul><li>單醣能在HCl作用下与醇作用生成<a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%A9%E9%86%9B" title="缩醛">缩醛</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%A9%E9%85%AE" title="缩酮">缩酮</a>。</li> <li>單醣可以成<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%9A" title="醚">醚</a>。</li> <li>單醣中的羟基可以被<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%AF%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="酯化">酯化</a>。</li> <li>單醣可以与醛或酮生成环缩醛、环缩酮，此方法被广泛用来保护羟基，如在维生素C的合成中。</li> <li>單醣可以发生<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%AE%E5%90%91%E5%BC%82%E6%9E%84%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="差向异构化">差向异构化</a>（转换成<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%AE%E5%90%91%E5%BC%82%E6%9E%84%E4%BD%93" title="差向异构体">差向异构体</a>）。例：果糖的还原性来自于在水溶液中发生差向异构化产生的葡萄糖。</li> <li>單醣可以成<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%8E" title="脎">脎</a>。</li></ul> <p>同时，單醣还可以被氧化和还原： </p> <ul><li>碱性条件下单糖可被<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%90%E4%BC%A6%E8%AF%95%E5%89%82" class="mw-redirect" title="吐伦试剂">吐伦试剂</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E6%9E%97%E8%AF%95%E5%89%82" class="mw-redirect" title="菲林试剂">菲林试剂</a>氧化，生成对应的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E9%85%B8" title="糖酸">糖酸</a>，以及分别生成银镜和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%9C" title="氧化亚铜">氧化亚铜</a>。该反应可以用来区别还原糖和非还原糖。</li> <li>溴水可以氧化单糖的醛基生成糖酸。在酸性条件下单糖不发生差向异构，因此溴水只氧化醛糖不氧化酮糖。</li> <li>糖的羰基可被<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="催化氢化">催化氢化</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E%E6%B0%A2%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="金属氢化物">金属氢化物</a>还原，其产物叫<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E9%86%87" title="糖醇">糖醇</a>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%AE%E9%86%A3&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E9%86%A3" title="雙醣">雙醣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A1%E9%86%A3" title="寡醣">寡醣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E9%86%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="多醣">多醣</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%AE%E9%86%A3&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>McMurry, John. Organic Chemistry. 7th ed. Belmont, CA: Thomson Brooks/Cole, 2008. Print.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部連接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%AE%E9%86%A3&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：外部連接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%B3%96%E7%B1%BB" title="Template:糖类"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%B3%96%E7%B1%BB" title="Template talk:糖类"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%B3%96%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:糖类"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="醣類" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E7%B1%BB" title="糖类">醣類</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">总览</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%9B%E9%86%A3" title="醛醣">醛醣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%AE%E9%86%A3" title="酮醣">酮醣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%96%83%E7%B3%96" title="吡喃糖">吡喃糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%8B%E5%96%83%E7%B3%96" title="呋喃糖">呋喃糖</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">几何</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%B7%B1%E7%83%B7%E6%9E%84%E8%B1%A1" title="环己烷构象">环己烷构象</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%AF%E5%9F%BA%E5%B7%AE%E5%90%91%E5%BC%82%E6%9E%84" title="端基差向异构">端基差向异构</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%98%E6%97%8B" title="变旋">变旋现象</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">單醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E9%86%A3" title="乙醣">乙醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>乙醛糖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E9%86%87%E9%86%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="乙醇醛">乙醇醛</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%99%E9%86%A3" title="丙醣">丙醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>丙酮糖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BE%9F%E4%B8%99%E9%85%AE" title="二羟丙酮">二羟丙酮</a></li></ul></li> <li>丙醛糖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E6%B2%B9%E9%86%9B" title="甘油醛">甘油醛</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E7%B3%96" title="丁糖">丁糖</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>丁酮糖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E8%97%93%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" title="赤藓酮糖">赤藓酮糖</a></li></ul></li> <li>丁醛糖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E8%97%93%E7%B3%96" title="赤藓糖">赤藓糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E7%B3%96" title="苏糖">苏糖</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%8A%E7%B3%96" title="戊糖">戊糖</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>戊酮糖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" title="核酮糖">核酮糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" title="木酮糖">木酮糖</a></li></ul></li> <li>戊醛糖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%B3%96" title="核糖">核糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E7%B3%96" title="阿拉伯糖">阿拉伯糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E7%B3%96" title="木糖">木糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A5%E8%8B%8F%E7%B3%96" title="来苏糖">来苏糖</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E6%B0%A7%E7%B3%96" title="脱氧糖">脱氧糖</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E6%B0%A7%E6%A0%B8%E7%B3%96" title="脱氧核糖">脱氧核糖</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B1%E7%B3%96" title="己糖">己糖</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B1%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" class="mw-redirect" title="己酮糖">己酮糖</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B4%9B%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" title="阿洛酮糖">阿洛酮糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96" title="果糖">果糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%A2%A8%E7%B3%96" title="山梨糖">山梨糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E6%A0%BC%E7%B3%96" title="塔格糖">塔格糖</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B1%E9%86%9B%E7%B3%96" title="己醛糖">己醛糖</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B4%9B%E7%B3%96" title="阿洛糖">阿洛糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%93%E7%B3%96" title="阿卓糖">阿卓糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%B3%96" title="葡萄糖">葡萄糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E7%B3%96" title="甘露糖">甘露糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%B4%9B%E7%B3%96" title="古洛糖">古洛糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E6%9D%9C%E7%B3%96" title="艾杜糖">艾杜糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E4%B9%B3%E7%B3%96" title="半乳糖">半乳糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E7%BD%97%E7%B3%96" title="塔罗糖">塔罗糖</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E6%B0%A7%E7%B3%96" title="脱氧糖">脱氧糖</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%A9%E8%97%BB%E7%B3%96" title="岩藻糖">岩藻糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A7%92%E8%97%BB%E7%B3%96" title="墨角藻糖">墨角藻糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%A0%E6%9D%8E%E7%B3%96" title="鼠李糖">鼠李糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%8E%E8%AF%BA%E7%B3%96" title="奎诺糖">奎诺糖</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E8%84%B1%E6%B0%A7%E7%B3%96" class="mw-redirect" title="双脱氧糖">双脱氧糖</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E7%AB%8B%E7%B3%96" title="可立糖">可立糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%94%E5%8F%AF%E7%B3%96" title="阿比可糖">阿比可糖</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%9A%E9%86%A3" title="庚醣">庚醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>庚酮糖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E5%A4%A9%E5%BA%9A%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" title="景天庚酮糖">景天庚酮糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E5%BA%9A%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" title="甘露庚酮糖">甘露庚酮糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E6%A1%91%E7%B3%96" title="馬桑糖">馬桑糖</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">八碳以上</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E9%86%A3" title="辛醣">辛醣</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2,3,4,5,6,7,8-%E4%B8%83%E7%BE%A5%E5%9F%BA%E8%BE%9B%E9%86%9B" title="2,3,4,5,6,7,8-七羥基辛醛">辛醛醣</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D-%E8%B5%A4%E8%98%9A-L-%E5%8D%8A%E4%B9%B3%E8%BE%9B%E7%B3%96" title="D-赤蘚-L-半乳辛糖">D-赤蘚-L-半乳辛糖</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1,3,4,5,6,7,8-%E4%B8%83%E7%BE%A5%E5%9F%BA%E8%BE%9B-2-%E9%85%AE" title="1,3,4,5,6,7,8-七羥基辛-2-酮">辛酮醣</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D-%E7%94%98%E6%B2%B9-D-%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E8%BE%9B%E7%B3%96" title="D-甘油-D-甘露辛糖">D-甘油-D-甘露辛糖</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%AC%E9%86%A3" title="壬醣">壬醣</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9-%E5%85%AB%E7%BE%A5%E5%9F%BA%E5%A3%AC%E9%86%9B" title="2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9-八羥基壬醛">壬醛醣</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L-%E6%A0%B8-D-%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E5%A3%AC%E7%B3%96" title="L-核-D-甘露壬糖">L-核-D-甘露壬糖</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E7%B3%96" title="多糖">多醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E9%86%A3" title="雙醣">雙醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1 → 1 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E8%97%BB%E7%B3%96" title="海藻糖">海藻糖</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="麴二糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kojibiose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BA%B4%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="麴二糖（页面不存在）">麴二糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kojibiose" class="extiw" title="en:Kojibiose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kojibiose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="海藻酮糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Trehalulose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E8%97%BB%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="海藻酮糖（页面不存在）">海藻酮糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trehalulose" class="extiw" title="en:Trehalulose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Trehalulose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li>1 → 2 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%97%E7%B3%96" title="蔗糖">蔗糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%90%E7%B3%96" title="槐糖">槐糖</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2α-甘露二糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="2α-Mannobiose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2%CE%B1-%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2α-甘露二糖（页面不存在）">2α-甘露二糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2%CE%B1-Mannobiose" class="extiw" title="en:2α-Mannobiose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">2α-Mannobiose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E9%AA%A8%E6%9C%A8%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96" title="接骨木二糖">接骨木二糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%A9%99%E7%9A%AE%E7%B3%96" title="新橙皮糖">新橙皮糖</a></li></ul></li> <li>1 → 3 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BE%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96" title="松二糖">松二糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E5%B8%83%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96" title="昆布二糖">昆布二糖</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="黑麴黴糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nigerose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%91%E9%BA%B4%E9%BB%B4%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黑麴黴糖（页面不存在）">黑麴黴糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigerose" class="extiw" title="en:Nigerose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nigerose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="3α-甘露二糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="3α-Mannobiose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=3%CE%B1-%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3α-甘露二糖（页面不存在）">3α-甘露二糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3%CE%B1-Mannobiose" class="extiw" title="en:3α-Mannobiose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">3α-Mannobiose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li>1 → 4 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E8%8A%BD%E7%B3%96" title="麥芽糖">麥芽糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A4%E7%BB%B4%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96" title="纤维二糖">纤维二糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96" title="木二糖">木二糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3%E7%B3%96" title="乳糖">乳糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96" title="乳果糖">乳果糖</a></li></ul></li> <li>1 → 6 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%82%E9%BA%A6%E8%8A%BD%E7%B3%96" title="异麦芽糖">异麦芽糖</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="龙胆二糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gentiobiose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BE%99%E8%83%86%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="龙胆二糖（页面不存在）">龙胆二糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentiobiose" class="extiw" title="en:Gentiobiose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gentiobiose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="異麥芽酮糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Isomaltulose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%95%B0%E9%BA%A5%E8%8A%BD%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="異麥芽酮糖（页面不存在）">異麥芽酮糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isomaltulose" class="extiw" title="en:Isomaltulose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Isomaltulose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%95%B0%E4%B9%B3%E7%B3%96" title="異乳糖">異乳糖</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="蜜二糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Melibiose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9C%9C%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蜜二糖（页面不存在）">蜜二糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melibiose" class="extiw" title="en:Melibiose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Melibiose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="车前二糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Melibiulose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BD%A6%E5%89%8D%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="车前二糖（页面不存在）">车前二糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melibiulose" class="extiw" title="en:Melibiulose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Melibiulose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%9A%E8%B1%86%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96" title="荚豆二糖">荚豆二糖</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="芸香糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rutinose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8A%B8%E9%A6%99%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="芸香糖（页面不存在）">芸香糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutinose" class="extiw" title="en:Rutinose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rutinose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li>2 → 1 <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="菊粉二糖" data-lang-code="fr" data-lang-name="法语" data-foreign-title="Inulobiose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8F%8A%E7%B2%89%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="菊粉二糖（页面不存在）">菊粉二糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">法语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inulobiose" class="extiw" title="fr:Inulobiose"><span lang="fr" dir="auto">Inulobiose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E9%86%A3" title="三醣">三醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%89%E5%AD%90%E7%B3%96" title="棉子糖">棉子糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BE%E4%B8%89%E7%B3%96" title="松三糖">松三糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E8%8A%BD%E4%B8%89%E7%B3%96" title="麦芽三糖">麦芽三糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%9E%E5%BD%A2%E7%B3%96" title="伞形糖">伞形糖</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E9%86%A3" title="四醣">四醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿卡波糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Acarbose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%A1%E6%B3%A2%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿卡波糖（页面不存在）">阿卡波糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acarbose" class="extiw" title="en:Acarbose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Acarbose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%8B%8F%E7%B3%96" title="水苏糖">水苏糖</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BA%A6%E8%8A%BD%E5%9B%9B%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="麦芽四糖（页面不存在）">麦芽四糖</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A1%E9%86%A3" title="寡醣">寡醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E5%AF%A1%E7%B3%96" title="果寡糖">低聚果糖</a>（FOS）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E8%81%9A%E5%8D%8A%E4%B9%B3%E7%B3%96" title="低聚半乳糖">低聚半乳糖</a>（GOS）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%8E%E8%81%9A%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="低聚甘露糖（页面不存在）">低聚甘露糖</a>（MOS）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E8%81%9A%E5%BC%82%E9%BA%A6%E8%8A%BD%E7%B3%96" title="低聚异麦芽糖">低聚异麦芽糖</a>（IMO）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E8%81%9A%E6%9C%A8%E7%B3%96" title="低聚木糖">低聚木糖</a>（XOS）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%91-%E7%8E%AF%E7%B3%8A%E7%B2%BE" title="Α-环糊精">α-环糊精</a></li> <li>低聚<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E8%8A%BD%E7%B3%8A%E7%B2%BE" title="麥芽糊精">麥芽糊精</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96" title="聚糖">聚醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><u><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96" title="葡聚糖">葡聚糖</a></u>：<a href="/wiki/%CE%91-%E8%91%A1%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96" title="Α-葡聚糖">α-葡聚糖</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E5%8E%9F" title="糖原">糖原</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%80%E7%B2%89" title="淀粉">淀粉</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E9%8F%88%E6%BE%B1%E7%B2%89" title="直鏈澱粉">直鏈澱粉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%AF%E9%93%BE%E6%B7%80%E7%B2%89" title="支链淀粉">支链淀粉</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%8A%E7%B2%BE" title="糊精">糊精</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B3%E6%97%8B%E7%B3%96%E9%85%90" title="右旋糖酐">右旋糖酐</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E8%8A%BD%E7%B3%8A%E7%B2%BE" title="麥芽糊精">麥芽糊精</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%CE%92-%E8%91%A1%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96" title="Β-葡聚糖">β-葡聚糖</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A4%E7%BB%B4%E7%B4%A0" title="纤维素">纤维素</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B5%E6%AF%8D%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96" title="酵母聚糖">酵母聚糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E8%8F%87%E5%A4%9A%E7%B3%96" title="香菇多糖">香菇多糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%87%9D%E8%83%B6%E5%A4%9A%E7%B3%96" title="热凝胶多糖">熱凝膠多糖</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E7%BA%A4%E7%BB%B4%E7%B4%A0" title="半纤维素">半纤维素</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%B3%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96" title="壳聚糖">壳聚糖</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E6%AE%BC%E8%B3%AA" title="甲殼質">甲殼質</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E8%B4%A8%E7%B4%A0" title="木质素">木质素</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%8E%9F%E8%83%B6" title="黄原胶">黄原胶</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E8%83%B6" title="果胶">果胶</a> <p><u><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="甘露聚糖（页面不存在）">甘露聚糖</a></u>： </p><p><u><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%8A%E4%B9%B3%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="半乳聚糖（页面不存在）">半乳聚糖</a></u>： </p><p><u><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96" title="果聚糖">果聚糖</a></u>：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%8A%E7%B2%89" title="菊粉">菊粉</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%9C%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96%CE%B22%E2%86%926&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="果聚糖β2→6（页面不存在）">果聚糖β2→6</a> </p> <u><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="戊聚糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pentosan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%8A%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="戊聚糖（页面不存在）">戊聚糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentosan" class="extiw" title="en:Pentosan"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pentosan</span></a></span>）</span></span></u>：</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E7%A7%8D%E7%B1%BB" title="Template:生物化学物质种类"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E7%A7%8D%E7%B1%BB" title="Template talk:生物化学物质种类"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E7%A7%8D%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:生物化学物质种类"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="生物化學物質種類索引" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="生物化学">生物化學物質</a><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BB%A3%E8%B0%A2" title="Template:代谢">種類</a>索引</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%B3%96%E7%B1%BB" title="Template:糖类">糖类</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%86%87" title="Template:醇">醇類</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%83%E9%86%87" title="Template:多元醇">糖醇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%B3%96%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E7%B1%BB" title="Template:糖蛋白类">醣蛋白</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%B3%96%E8%8B%B7" title="Template:糖苷">苷</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%84%82%E7%B1%BB" title="Template:脂类">酯質</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%B1%BB%E8%8A%B1%E7%94%9F%E9%85%B8%E7%B1%BB" title="Template:类花生酸类">类花生酸类</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA%E9%85%B8" title="Template:脂肪酸">脂肪酸</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA%E9%85%B8%E4%BB%A3%E8%B0%A2%E4%B8%AD%E9%97%B4%E4%BA%A7%E7%89%A9" title="Template:脂肪酸代谢中间产物">中間物</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Glycerides" title="Template:Glycerides">甘油酯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%A3%B7%E8%84%82" title="Template:磷脂">磷脂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%9E%98%E8%84%82" title="Template:鞘脂">鞘脂類</a></li> <li><a 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