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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-词源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#词源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>词源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-词源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-化学性质" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#化学性质"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>化学性质</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-化学性质-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关化学性质子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-化学性质-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-发酵" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#发酵"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>发酵</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-发酵-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-美拉德反应" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#美拉德反应"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>美拉德反应</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-美拉德反应-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-脱水" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#脱水"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>脱水</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-脱水-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-果糖基本性质" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#果糖基本性质"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>果糖基本性质</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-果糖基本性质-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-对人体健康的影响" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#对人体健康的影响"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>对人体健康的影响</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-对人体健康的影响-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考资料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考资料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>参考资料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考资料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">果糖</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。79种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-79" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">79种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktose" title="Fruktose – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Fruktose" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B2" title="فركتوز – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فركتوز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B2" title="فركتوز – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فركتوز" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructosa" title="Fructosa – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Fructosa" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B2" title="فروکتوز – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فروکتوز" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Фруктоза – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фруктоза" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Фруктоза – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Фруктоза" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Фруктоза – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фруктоза" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9C" title="ফ্রুক্টোজ – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফ্রুক্টোজ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktoza" title="Fruktoza – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Fruktoza" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructosa" title="Fructosa – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fructosa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frukt%C3%B3za" title="Fruktóza – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fruktóza" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktose" title="Fruktose – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fruktose" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose" title="Fructose – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fructose" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%B6%CE%B7" title="Φρουκτόζη – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φρουκτόζη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose" title="Fructose – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Fructose" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktozo" title="Fruktozo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fruktozo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructosa" title="Fructosa – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fructosa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktoos" title="Fruktoos – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Fruktoos" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktosa" title="Fruktosa – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fruktosa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B2" title="فروکتوز – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فروکتوز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktoosi" title="Fruktoosi – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Fruktoosi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose" title="Fructose – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fructose" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktoaze" title="Fruktoaze – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Fruktoaze" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frutosa" title="Frutosa – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Frutosa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%95%D7%96" title="פרוקטוז – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרוקטוז" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktoza" title="Fruktoza – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Fruktoza" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frukt%C3%B3z" title="Fruktóz – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fruktóz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AF%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%A6" title="Ֆրուկտոզ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆրուկտոզ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktosa" title="Fruktosa – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Fruktosa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruttosio" title="Fruttosio – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fruttosio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9" title="フルクトース – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フルクトース" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktosa" title="Fruktosa – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Fruktosa" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Фруктоза – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Фруктоза" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9F%AD%ED%86%A0%EC%8A%A4" title="프럭토스 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프럭토스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktoz" title="Fruktoz – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Fruktoz" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktos" title="Fruktos – 康沃尔语" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Fruktos" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康沃尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Фруктоза – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Фруктоза" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructosum" title="Fructosum – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Fructosum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktos" title="Fruktos – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Fruktos" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B3%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%9D%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%81%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%89" title="ນ້ຳຕານໝາກໄມ້ – 老挝语" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ນ້ຳຕານໝາກໄມ້" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="老挝语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktoz%C4%97" title="Fruktozė – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Fruktozė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktoze" title="Fruktoze – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Fruktoze" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frokt%C3%B4zy" title="Froktôzy – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Froktôzy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Фруктоза – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Фруктоза" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Фруктоз – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Фруктоз" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktosa" title="Fruktosa – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Fruktosa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose" title="Fructose – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fructose" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktose" title="Fruktose – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fruktose" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktsukker" title="Fruktsukker – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fruktsukker" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruct%C3%B2sa" title="Fructòsa – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fructòsa" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktoza" title="Fruktoza – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fruktoza" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frutose" title="Frutose – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Frutose" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayu_misk%27i" title="Wayu misk'i – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wayu misk'i" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructoz%C4%83" title="Fructoză – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fructoză" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Фруктоза – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фруктоза" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose" title="Fructose – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Fructose" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktoza" title="Fruktoza – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Fruktoza" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose" title="Fructose – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fructose" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frukt%C3%B3za" title="Fruktóza – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Fruktóza" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktoza" title="Fruktoza – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Fruktoza" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktoza" title="Fruktoza – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Fruktoza" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Фруктоза – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Фруктоза" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktosa" title="Fruktosa – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Fruktosa" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktos" title="Fruktos – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fruktos" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="புருக்டோசு – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புருக்டோசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Фруктоза – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Фруктоза" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AA" title="ฟรักโทส – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟรักโทส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pruktosa" title="Pruktosa – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pruktosa" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktoz" title="Fruktoz – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fruktoz" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktoza" title="Fruktoza – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Fruktoza" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Фруктоза – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фруктоза" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%B9%D9%88%D8%B3" title="فرکٹوس – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فرکٹوس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktoza" title="Fruktoza – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fruktoza" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose" title="Fructose – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Fructose" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose" title="Fructose – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Fructose" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96" title="果糖 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="果糖" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8F%93%E9%86%A3" title="菓醣 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="菓醣" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiNcithelo" title="IsiNcithelo – 祖鲁语" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IsiNcithelo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="祖鲁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q122043#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要补充更多<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2024年3月19日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请协助補充多方面<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>，<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a>的内容可能會因為<a href="/wiki/Template:Fact" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Fact">异议提出</a>而被移除。<br />致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96%22">"果糖"</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?q=%22%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96%22">网页</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=&as_src=-newswire+-wire+-presswire+-PR+-press+-release+-wikipedia&q=%22%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96%22">新闻</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_pub=-icon&q=%22%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96%22">书籍</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?&q=%22%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96%22">学术</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&safe=off&q=%22%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96%22">图像</a></span>），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">判定指引</a>）。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="noteTA-3f822e7b" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Lifesciences"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84001320">.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox{border-collapse:collapse;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td,.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td+td{width:60%}</style> <table class="infobox ib-chembox nounderlines" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" rules="all" style="background-color:#f0f0f0; float:right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-color: #aaaaaa; border-style:solid; border:1px; border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; width:305px; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:120%; text-align:center; background:#d6e0dc;">果糖 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#ffffff; text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beta-D-Fructofuranose.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Beta-D-Fructofuranose.svg/170px-Beta-D-Fructofuranose.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Beta-D-Fructofuranose.svg/255px-Beta-D-Fructofuranose.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Beta-D-Fructofuranose.svg/340px-Beta-D-Fructofuranose.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="179" data-file-height="153" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#ffffff; text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DL-Fructose_num.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/DL-Fructose_num.svg/260px-DL-Fructose_num.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/DL-Fructose_num.svg/390px-DL-Fructose_num.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/DL-Fructose_num.svg/520px-DL-Fructose_num.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="418" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#ffffff; text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fructose_3D_ball-and-stick_model.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Ball-and-stick model of D-fructose"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Fructose_3D_ball-and-stick_model.png/200px-Fructose_3D_ball-and-stick_model.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Fructose_3D_ball-and-stick_model.png/300px-Fructose_3D_ball-and-stick_model.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Fructose_3D_ball-and-stick_model.png/400px-Fructose_3D_ball-and-stick_model.png 2x" data-file-width="794" data-file-height="557" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="max-width:305px; word-wrap: break-word; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/IUPAC%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%95" title="IUPAC命名法">IUPAC名</a><br />Fructose </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/IUPAC%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%95" title="IUPAC命名法">系统名</a><br />(3<i>S</i>,4<i>R</i>,5<i>R</i>)-1,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexan-2-one<br />(3<i>S</i>,4<i>R</i>,5<i>R</i>)-1,3,4,5,6-五羟基己-2-酮 </td></tr> <tr> <td>别名 </td> <td>果糖<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><br />levulose<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><br /><small>D</small>-呋喃果糖<br /><br /><small>D</small>-果糖<br /><br /><small>D</small>-arabino-hexulose </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">识别 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/CAS%E5%8F%B7" title="CAS号">CAS号</a> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=57-48-7">57-48-7</a></span> <sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/11769129">11769129</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemspider.com/388775">388775</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/SMILES" class="mw-redirect" title="SMILES">SMILES</a> </td> <td><div style="word-break:break-all;"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div> </div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span lang="en">C(C1C(C(C(O1)(CO)O)O)O)O</span></li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86" title="国际化合物标识">InChI</a> </td> <td><div style="word-break:break-all;"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div> </div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">1/C6H12O6/c7-1-3-4(9)5(10)6(11,2-8)12-3/h3-5,7-11H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5+,6-/m1/s1</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86" title="国际化合物标识">InChIKey</a> </td> <td><small>RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXBD</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E7%9B%9F%E7%BC%96%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="欧盟编号">EC编号</a> </td> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ecb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/esis/index.php?GENRE=ECNO&ENTREE=200-333-3">200-333-3</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">性质 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%BC%8F" title="化学式">化学式</a> </td> <td><span lang="en">C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F" title="摩尔质量">摩尔质量</a> </td> <td>180.16 g·mol⁻¹ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%94%E7%82%B9" title="熔点">熔点</a> </td> <td>103 °C </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B6%E8%A7%A3%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="溶解性">溶解性</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>） </td> <td>375g/100cm<sup>3</sup>(20°C) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#D6E0DC; text-align:center;" colspan="2">若非注明，所有数据均出自<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81" title="标准状态">标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）</a>下。 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>果糖</b>（C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub>，<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/jmol.php?model=O%5BC%40H%5D1%5BC%40H%5D%28O%29%5BC%40H%5D%28O%5BC%40%5D1%28O%29CO%29CO">Jmol 立体图</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210209104106/http://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/jmol.php?model=O%5BC%40H%5D1%5BC%40H%5D%28O%29%5BC%40H%5D%28O%5BC%40%5D1%28O%29CO%29CO">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>））是一种简单的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E7%B1%BB" title="糖类">糖</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E7%B3%96" class="mw-redirect" title="单糖">单糖</a>），极易溶於水，在许多食品中存在，和<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%B3%96" title="葡萄糖">葡萄糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E4%B9%B3%E7%B3%96" title="半乳糖">半乳糖</a>一起构成了<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%B3%96" title="血糖">血糖</a>的三种主要成份，可在如<a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%82%E8%9C%9C" title="蜂蜜">蜂蜜</a>、树上的水果、浆果、瓜类以及一些根类蔬菜如甜菜、地瓜、欧洲萝卜、洋葱等中找到；通常与<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%97%E7%B3%96" title="蔗糖">蔗糖</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%B3%96" title="葡萄糖">葡萄糖</a>形成化合物。果糖也是<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%97%E7%B3%96" title="蔗糖">蔗糖</a>分解的产物。蔗糖是一种<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E7%B3%96" class="mw-redirect" title="双糖">双醣</a>，在消化过程中，经过<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B6" title="酶">酶</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96" title="催化">催化</a>特性会分解为一个葡萄糖和一个果糖。 </p><p><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83946278">.mw-parser-output .template-facttext{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color:inherit;margin:-.3em 0;padding:.3em 0}</style><mark class="template-facttext" title="需要提供文献来源">果糖是甜度最高的天然糖，果糖的甜度一般被认定是蔗糖的1.73倍。</mark><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="来源请求。">[來源請求]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="词源"><span id=".E8.AF.8D.E6.BA.90"></span>词源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：词源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>果糖的英文名称“Fructose”由两个<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%8D%E6%A0%B9" title="词根">词根</a>“Fruct-”和“-ose”组合而成。“Fruct-”取自拉丁语名词“fructus”，是“水果”之意，而“-ose”则是糖类分子名称通用的后缀<sup id="cite_ref-oed_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oed-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="化学性质"><span id=".E5.8C.96.E5.AD.A6.E6.80.A7.E8.B4.A8"></span>化学性质</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：化学性质"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/35px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/53px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/70px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此章節<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">尚無參考來源</a></b>，內容或許<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AD%89" title="Wikipedia:可供查證">無法查證</a></b>。 <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2024年3月19日</span>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Table_fructose.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Table_fructose.JPG/220px-Table_fructose.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Table_fructose.JPG/330px-Table_fructose.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Table_fructose.JPG/440px-Table_fructose.JPG 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>果糖晶体颗粒</figcaption></figure> <p>果糖是6-碳多<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A5%E5%9F%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="羥基">羥基</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%AE" title="酮">酮</a>。由於稳定的半缩酮和內部氢键果糖结晶呈环状六元结构。这种形式的正式名称为<a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%92-%E5%90%A1%E5%96%83%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Β-吡喃果糖（页面不存在）">β-吡喃果糖</a>。在溶液中，果糖以由70％<a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%92-%E5%90%A1%E5%96%83%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Β-吡喃果糖（页面不存在）">β-吡喃果糖</a>、23％的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%92-%E5%91%8B%E5%96%83%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Β-呋喃果糖（页面不存在）">β-呋喃果糖</a>、5％的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%91-%E5%91%8B%E5%96%83%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Α-呋喃果糖（页面不存在）">α-呋喃果糖</a>以及少量的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%91-%E5%90%A1%E5%96%83%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Α-吡喃果糖（页面不存在）">α-吡喃果糖</a>和链状结构果糖所组成的平衡混合物的形式存在。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="发酵"><span id=".E5.8F.91.E9.85.B5"></span>发酵</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：发酵"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>果糖能在厌氧条件下由酵母或细菌<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E9%85%B5" title="发酵">发酵</a>，酵母酶转化糖（<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%B3%96" title="葡萄糖">葡萄糖</a>或<a class="mw-selflink selflink">果糖</a>）成为<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E9%86%87" title="乙醇">乙醇</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="二氧化碳">二氧化碳</a>。在发酵过程中所释放的二氧化碳將溶解在水中，在那里与碳酸达到平衡，除非发酵敞开於空气中。溶解的二氧化碳和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8" title="碳酸">碳酸</a>產生瓶装碳酸气化发酵饮料。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="美拉德反应"><span id=".E7.BE.8E.E6.8B.89.E5.BE.B7.E5.8F.8D.E5.BA.94"></span>美拉德反应</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：美拉德反应"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="美拉德反应">美拉德反应</a></div> <p>果糖与氨基酸发生<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="美拉德反应">美拉德反应</a>，为食物中的还原糖（<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E6%B0%B4%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="碳水化合物">碳水化合物</a>）与<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BA%E5%9F%BA%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="胺基酸">胺基酸</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B4%A8" title="蛋白质">蛋白质</a>在常温或加热时发生的一系列复杂反应，其结果是生成了棕黑色的大分子物质类黑精，或称<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%93%AC%E9%BB%91%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="擬黑素（页面不存在）">擬黑素</a>。除產生<a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%BB%E9%BB%91%E7%B2%BE" title="类黑精">类黑精</a>外，反应过程中还会產生成百上千个有不同气味的中间体分子，包括还原<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%AE" title="酮">酮</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%9B" title="醛">醛</a>和杂环化合物，这些物质为食品提供了宜人可口的风味和诱人的色泽。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="脱水"><span id=".E8.84.B1.E6.B0.B4"></span>脱水</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：脱水"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>果糖容易脱水从而產生<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="羥甲基糠醛" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hydroxymethylfurfural"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%A5%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA%E7%B3%A0%E9%86%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="羥甲基糠醛（页面不存在）">羥甲基糠醛</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxymethylfurfural" class="extiw" title="en:Hydroxymethylfurfural"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hydroxymethylfurfural</span></a></span>）</span></span>，这个过程成为一种低成本，从<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="植物">植物</a>產生的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%BD%E6%B2%B9" title="汽油">汽油</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%B4%E6%B2%B9" title="柴油">柴油</a>的替代物。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="果糖基本性质"><span id=".E6.9E.9C.E7.B3.96.E5.9F.BA.E6.9C.AC.E6.80.A7.E8.B4.A8"></span>果糖基本性质</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：果糖基本性质"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>熔点：119-122℃ (dec.)　　 </p><p>水溶性：3750 g/L (20℃)　 </p><p>结构：在溶液中存在着支链果糖及其自身通过亲核加成反应形成的半缩酮呋喃糖（五元环，28%）和吡喃糖（六元环，72%）。<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="对人体健康的影响"><span id=".E5.AF.B9.E4.BA.BA.E4.BD.93.E5.81.A5.E5.BA.B7.E7.9A.84.E5.BD.B1.E5.93.8D"></span>对人体健康的影响</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：对人体健康的影响"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>过去认为使用果糖代替砂糖，在相同甜度下可以减少热量摄取，其升糖指数也很低，果糖在预防及控制糖尿病上较佳。但此观点已经遭到反驳，现代医学认为果糖只是不会醉的<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%92%E7%B2%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="酒精">酒精</a>（会造成脂肪肝、肥胖及成癮性），必须限制及预防上癮，否则会造成<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%AC%9D%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4" title="代謝症候群">代谢症候群</a>。现在医学认为果糖可能导致新陈代谢紊乱，使人罹患<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E8%87%9F%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="心臟病">心臟病</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E5%B0%BF%E7%97%85" title="糖尿病">糖尿病</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%9B%E9%A3%8E" title="痛风">痛风</a>的机率增加。指出高果糖浆的化学结构会刺激食慾，並可能使<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E8%87%9F" title="肝臟">肝臟</a>將更多的威胁心臟安全的<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E6%B2%B9%E4%B8%89%E9%85%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="甘油三酯">甘油三酯</a>输出到血液中。<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 另外，果糖可抑制体內的微量元素铬，而正三价的<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AC" title="铬">铬</a>在维持<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%B3%96" title="血糖">血糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B0%E5%B2%9B%E7%B4%A0" title="胰岛素">胰岛素</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%86%E5%9B%BA%E9%86%87" class="mw-redirect" title="胆固醇">胆固醇</a>的正常水平上起重要的作用。2008年胰臟癌细胞实验研究也初步发现，胰臟癌细胞代谢果糖的速度高於葡萄糖，因此，果糖也可能会诱导<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B0%E8%87%9F%E7%99%8C" title="胰臟癌">胰臟癌</a>细胞分化，因而促进胰臟癌细胞生长。 </p><p>由美国德州安德森癌症中心医生科恩（Lorenzo Cohen）一份刊登在「癌症研究」的论文研究结果指出，愈来愈多科学证明，西方饮食是多种癌症的风险因素，而且至少三分之二的癌症与生活方式有关，例如抽菸、不健康饮食和缺乏运动。其中果糖对於癌症的影响，尤其值得关注。科恩团队发现，果糖主要影响一种名为<a href="/w/index.php?title=12-LOX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12-LOX（页面不存在）">12-LOX</a>的新陈代谢过程，帮助细胞转移或扩散，而大多数癌症病人不是死於原发肿瘤，而是转移的疾病。这个发现也可解释，为何吃较多含糖食物的<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%8C%E7%97%87" title="癌症">癌症</a>病患，较可能得到晚期癌症。在科恩的研究中，当老鼠六个月大时，以吃淀粉为主食的老鼠中有30%罹患乳癌；而除了淀粉外还吃蔗糖的老鼠，有半数罹患<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3%E7%99%8C" title="乳癌">乳癌</a>。而且糖吃得愈多，肿瘤就长得愈大。最新的统计显示，提高果糖摄取量，<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%9B%E9%A3%8E" title="痛风">痛风</a>机率也会提高。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考资料"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E8.B5.84.E6.96.99"></span>参考资料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：参考资料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>^ The Health Effects of High Fructose Syrup, Report 3 of The Council on Science and Public Health (A-08). 美国医学会. 2009年9月 [2010-10-01].</li> <li>^ Corn Syrup. 美国食品药品监督管理局. 1976年 [2010-10-01].</li></ol> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130605000940/http://mw4.m-w.com/dictionary/fructose">Fructose – Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary</a>. Mw4.m-w.com. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-12-10</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mw4.m-w.com/dictionary/fructose">原始内容</a>存档于2013-06-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&rft.btitle=Fructose+%E2%80%93+Definition+and+More+from+the+Free+Merriam-Webster+Dictionary&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Mw4.m-w.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmw4.m-w.com%2Fdictionary%2Ffructose&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Levulose comes from the Latin word laevus, levo, "left side", levulose is the old word for the most occurring <a href="/wiki/Isomer" class="mw-redirect" title="Isomer">isomer</a> of fructose. D-fructose rotate plane-polarised light to the left, hence the name.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.monashscientific.com.au/Levulose.htm">[1]</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20091008032809/http://www.monashscientific.com.au/Levulose.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oed-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-oed_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/fructose">Fructose. Origin and meaning of fructose</a>. Online Etymology Dictionary, Douglas Harper. 2017 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-12-24</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225092022/https://www.etymonline.com/word/fructose">存档</a>于2017-12-25） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&rft.btitle=Fructose.+Origin+and+meaning+of+fructose&rft.date=2017&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Online+Etymology+Dictionary%2C+Douglas+Harper&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Ffructose&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">John McMurry、Eric Simanek 著. 有机化学基础（第六版）. 北京: 清华大学出版社. 2008年11月: 412. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-302-18657-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-302-18657-1"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-7-302-18657-1</a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文网页">（中文）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96&rft.au=John+McMurry%E3%80%81Eric+Simanek+%E8%91%97&rft.btitle=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89&rft.date=2008-11&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-7-302-18657-1&rft.pages=412&rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&rft.pub=%E6%B8%85%E5%8D%8E%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">使用<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|accessdate=</code>需要含有<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#accessdate_missing_url" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBnniua6-oM&t=0h0m0s">YouTube上的Sugar: The Bitter Truth</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="醣類" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%B3%96%E7%B1%BB" title="Template:糖类"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%B3%96%E7%B1%BB" title="Template talk:糖类"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%B3%96%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:糖类"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="醣類" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E7%B1%BB" title="糖类">醣類</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">总览</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%9B%E9%86%A3" title="醛醣">醛醣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%AE%E9%86%A3" title="酮醣">酮醣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%96%83%E7%B3%96" title="吡喃糖">吡喃糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%8B%E5%96%83%E7%B3%96" title="呋喃糖">呋喃糖</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">几何</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%B7%B1%E7%83%B7%E6%9E%84%E8%B1%A1" title="环己烷构象">环己烷构象</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%AF%E5%9F%BA%E5%B7%AE%E5%90%91%E5%BC%82%E6%9E%84" title="端基差向异构">端基差向异构</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%98%E6%97%8B" title="变旋">变旋现象</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E9%86%A3" title="單醣">單醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E9%86%A3" title="乙醣">乙醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>乙醛糖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E9%86%87%E9%86%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="乙醇醛">乙醇醛</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%99%E9%86%A3" title="丙醣">丙醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>丙酮糖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BE%9F%E4%B8%99%E9%85%AE" title="二羟丙酮">二羟丙酮</a></li></ul></li> <li>丙醛糖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E6%B2%B9%E9%86%9B" title="甘油醛">甘油醛</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E7%B3%96" title="丁糖">丁糖</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>丁酮糖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E8%97%93%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" title="赤藓酮糖">赤藓酮糖</a></li></ul></li> <li>丁醛糖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E8%97%93%E7%B3%96" title="赤藓糖">赤藓糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E7%B3%96" title="苏糖">苏糖</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%8A%E7%B3%96" title="戊糖">戊糖</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>戊酮糖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" title="核酮糖">核酮糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" title="木酮糖">木酮糖</a></li></ul></li> <li>戊醛糖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%B3%96" title="核糖">核糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E7%B3%96" title="阿拉伯糖">阿拉伯糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E7%B3%96" title="木糖">木糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A5%E8%8B%8F%E7%B3%96" title="来苏糖">来苏糖</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E6%B0%A7%E7%B3%96" title="脱氧糖">脱氧糖</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E6%B0%A7%E6%A0%B8%E7%B3%96" title="脱氧核糖">脱氧核糖</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B1%E7%B3%96" title="己糖">己糖</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B1%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" class="mw-redirect" title="己酮糖">己酮糖</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B4%9B%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" title="阿洛酮糖">阿洛酮糖</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">果糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%A2%A8%E7%B3%96" title="山梨糖">山梨糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E6%A0%BC%E7%B3%96" title="塔格糖">塔格糖</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B1%E9%86%9B%E7%B3%96" title="己醛糖">己醛糖</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B4%9B%E7%B3%96" title="阿洛糖">阿洛糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%93%E7%B3%96" title="阿卓糖">阿卓糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%B3%96" title="葡萄糖">葡萄糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E7%B3%96" title="甘露糖">甘露糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%B4%9B%E7%B3%96" title="古洛糖">古洛糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E6%9D%9C%E7%B3%96" title="艾杜糖">艾杜糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E4%B9%B3%E7%B3%96" title="半乳糖">半乳糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E7%BD%97%E7%B3%96" title="塔罗糖">塔罗糖</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E6%B0%A7%E7%B3%96" title="脱氧糖">脱氧糖</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%A9%E8%97%BB%E7%B3%96" title="岩藻糖">岩藻糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A7%92%E8%97%BB%E7%B3%96" title="墨角藻糖">墨角藻糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%A0%E6%9D%8E%E7%B3%96" title="鼠李糖">鼠李糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%8E%E8%AF%BA%E7%B3%96" title="奎诺糖">奎诺糖</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E8%84%B1%E6%B0%A7%E7%B3%96" class="mw-redirect" title="双脱氧糖">双脱氧糖</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E7%AB%8B%E7%B3%96" title="可立糖">可立糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%94%E5%8F%AF%E7%B3%96" title="阿比可糖">阿比可糖</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%9A%E9%86%A3" title="庚醣">庚醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>庚酮糖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E5%A4%A9%E5%BA%9A%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" title="景天庚酮糖">景天庚酮糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E5%BA%9A%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96" title="甘露庚酮糖">甘露庚酮糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E6%A1%91%E7%B3%96" title="馬桑糖">馬桑糖</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">八碳以上</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E9%86%A3" title="辛醣">辛醣</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2,3,4,5,6,7,8-%E4%B8%83%E7%BE%A5%E5%9F%BA%E8%BE%9B%E9%86%9B" title="2,3,4,5,6,7,8-七羥基辛醛">辛醛醣</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D-%E8%B5%A4%E8%98%9A-L-%E5%8D%8A%E4%B9%B3%E8%BE%9B%E7%B3%96" title="D-赤蘚-L-半乳辛糖">D-赤蘚-L-半乳辛糖</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1,3,4,5,6,7,8-%E4%B8%83%E7%BE%A5%E5%9F%BA%E8%BE%9B-2-%E9%85%AE" title="1,3,4,5,6,7,8-七羥基辛-2-酮">辛酮醣</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D-%E7%94%98%E6%B2%B9-D-%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E8%BE%9B%E7%B3%96" title="D-甘油-D-甘露辛糖">D-甘油-D-甘露辛糖</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%AC%E9%86%A3" title="壬醣">壬醣</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9-%E5%85%AB%E7%BE%A5%E5%9F%BA%E5%A3%AC%E9%86%9B" title="2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9-八羥基壬醛">壬醛醣</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L-%E6%A0%B8-D-%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E5%A3%AC%E7%B3%96" title="L-核-D-甘露壬糖">L-核-D-甘露壬糖</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E7%B3%96" title="多糖">多醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E9%86%A3" title="雙醣">雙醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1 → 1 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E8%97%BB%E7%B3%96" title="海藻糖">海藻糖</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="麴二糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kojibiose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BA%B4%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="麴二糖（页面不存在）">麴二糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kojibiose" class="extiw" title="en:Kojibiose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kojibiose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="海藻酮糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Trehalulose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E8%97%BB%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="海藻酮糖（页面不存在）">海藻酮糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trehalulose" class="extiw" title="en:Trehalulose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Trehalulose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li>1 → 2 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%97%E7%B3%96" title="蔗糖">蔗糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%90%E7%B3%96" title="槐糖">槐糖</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2α-甘露二糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="2α-Mannobiose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2%CE%B1-%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2α-甘露二糖（页面不存在）">2α-甘露二糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2%CE%B1-Mannobiose" class="extiw" title="en:2α-Mannobiose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">2α-Mannobiose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E9%AA%A8%E6%9C%A8%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96" title="接骨木二糖">接骨木二糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%A9%99%E7%9A%AE%E7%B3%96" title="新橙皮糖">新橙皮糖</a></li></ul></li> <li>1 → 3 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BE%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96" title="松二糖">松二糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E5%B8%83%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96" title="昆布二糖">昆布二糖</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="黑麴黴糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nigerose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%91%E9%BA%B4%E9%BB%B4%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黑麴黴糖（页面不存在）">黑麴黴糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigerose" class="extiw" title="en:Nigerose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nigerose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="3α-甘露二糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="3α-Mannobiose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=3%CE%B1-%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3α-甘露二糖（页面不存在）">3α-甘露二糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3%CE%B1-Mannobiose" class="extiw" title="en:3α-Mannobiose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">3α-Mannobiose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li>1 → 4 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E8%8A%BD%E7%B3%96" title="麥芽糖">麥芽糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A4%E7%BB%B4%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96" title="纤维二糖">纤维二糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96" title="木二糖">木二糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3%E7%B3%96" title="乳糖">乳糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3%E6%9E%9C%E7%B3%96" title="乳果糖">乳果糖</a></li></ul></li> <li>1 → 6 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%82%E9%BA%A6%E8%8A%BD%E7%B3%96" title="异麦芽糖">异麦芽糖</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="龙胆二糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gentiobiose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BE%99%E8%83%86%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="龙胆二糖（页面不存在）">龙胆二糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentiobiose" class="extiw" title="en:Gentiobiose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gentiobiose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="異麥芽酮糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Isomaltulose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%95%B0%E9%BA%A5%E8%8A%BD%E9%85%AE%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="異麥芽酮糖（页面不存在）">異麥芽酮糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isomaltulose" class="extiw" title="en:Isomaltulose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Isomaltulose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%95%B0%E4%B9%B3%E7%B3%96" title="異乳糖">異乳糖</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="蜜二糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Melibiose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9C%9C%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蜜二糖（页面不存在）">蜜二糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melibiose" class="extiw" title="en:Melibiose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Melibiose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="车前二糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Melibiulose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BD%A6%E5%89%8D%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="车前二糖（页面不存在）">车前二糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melibiulose" class="extiw" title="en:Melibiulose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Melibiulose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%9A%E8%B1%86%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96" title="荚豆二糖">荚豆二糖</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="芸香糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rutinose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8A%B8%E9%A6%99%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="芸香糖（页面不存在）">芸香糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutinose" class="extiw" title="en:Rutinose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rutinose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li>2 → 1 <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="菊粉二糖" data-lang-code="fr" data-lang-name="法语" data-foreign-title="Inulobiose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8F%8A%E7%B2%89%E4%BA%8C%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="菊粉二糖（页面不存在）">菊粉二糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">法语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inulobiose" class="extiw" title="fr:Inulobiose"><span lang="fr" dir="auto">Inulobiose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E9%86%A3" title="三醣">三醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%89%E5%AD%90%E7%B3%96" title="棉子糖">棉子糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BE%E4%B8%89%E7%B3%96" title="松三糖">松三糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E8%8A%BD%E4%B8%89%E7%B3%96" title="麦芽三糖">麦芽三糖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%9E%E5%BD%A2%E7%B3%96" title="伞形糖">伞形糖</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E9%86%A3" title="四醣">四醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿卡波糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Acarbose"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%A1%E6%B3%A2%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿卡波糖（页面不存在）">阿卡波糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acarbose" class="extiw" title="en:Acarbose"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Acarbose</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%8B%8F%E7%B3%96" title="水苏糖">水苏糖</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BA%A6%E8%8A%BD%E5%9B%9B%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="麦芽四糖（页面不存在）">麦芽四糖</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A1%E9%86%A3" title="寡醣">寡醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E5%AF%A1%E7%B3%96" title="果寡糖">低聚果糖</a>（FOS）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E8%81%9A%E5%8D%8A%E4%B9%B3%E7%B3%96" title="低聚半乳糖">低聚半乳糖</a>（GOS）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%8E%E8%81%9A%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="低聚甘露糖（页面不存在）">低聚甘露糖</a>（MOS）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E8%81%9A%E5%BC%82%E9%BA%A6%E8%8A%BD%E7%B3%96" title="低聚异麦芽糖">低聚异麦芽糖</a>（IMO）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E8%81%9A%E6%9C%A8%E7%B3%96" title="低聚木糖">低聚木糖</a>（XOS）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%91-%E7%8E%AF%E7%B3%8A%E7%B2%BE" title="Α-环糊精">α-环糊精</a></li> <li>低聚<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E8%8A%BD%E7%B3%8A%E7%B2%BE" title="麥芽糊精">麥芽糊精</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96" title="聚糖">聚醣</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><u><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96" title="葡聚糖">葡聚糖</a></u>：<a href="/wiki/%CE%91-%E8%91%A1%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96" title="Α-葡聚糖">α-葡聚糖</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E5%8E%9F" title="糖原">糖原</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%80%E7%B2%89" title="淀粉">淀粉</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E9%8F%88%E6%BE%B1%E7%B2%89" title="直鏈澱粉">直鏈澱粉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%AF%E9%93%BE%E6%B7%80%E7%B2%89" title="支链淀粉">支链淀粉</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%8A%E7%B2%BE" title="糊精">糊精</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B3%E6%97%8B%E7%B3%96%E9%85%90" title="右旋糖酐">右旋糖酐</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E8%8A%BD%E7%B3%8A%E7%B2%BE" title="麥芽糊精">麥芽糊精</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%CE%92-%E8%91%A1%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96" title="Β-葡聚糖">β-葡聚糖</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A4%E7%BB%B4%E7%B4%A0" title="纤维素">纤维素</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B5%E6%AF%8D%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96" title="酵母聚糖">酵母聚糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E8%8F%87%E5%A4%9A%E7%B3%96" title="香菇多糖">香菇多糖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%87%9D%E8%83%B6%E5%A4%9A%E7%B3%96" title="热凝胶多糖">熱凝膠多糖</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E7%BA%A4%E7%BB%B4%E7%B4%A0" title="半纤维素">半纤维素</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%B3%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96" title="壳聚糖">壳聚糖</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E6%AE%BC%E8%B3%AA" title="甲殼質">甲殼質</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E8%B4%A8%E7%B4%A0" title="木质素">木质素</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%8E%9F%E8%83%B6" title="黄原胶">黄原胶</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E8%83%B6" title="果胶">果胶</a> <p><u><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="甘露聚糖（页面不存在）">甘露聚糖</a></u>： </p><p><u><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%8A%E4%B9%B3%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="半乳聚糖（页面不存在）">半乳聚糖</a></u>： </p><p><u><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96" title="果聚糖">果聚糖</a></u>：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%8A%E7%B2%89" title="菊粉">菊粉</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%9C%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96%CE%B22%E2%86%926&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="果聚糖β2→6（页面不存在）">果聚糖β2→6</a> </p> <u><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="戊聚糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pentosan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%8A%E8%81%9A%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="戊聚糖（页面不存在）">戊聚糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentosan" class="extiw" title="en:Pentosan"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pentosan</span></a></span>）</span></span></u>：</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E7%A7%8D%E7%B1%BB" title="Template:生物化学物质种类"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E7%A7%8D%E7%B1%BB" title="Template talk:生物化学物质种类"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12426795f">法国</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Fructose"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12426795f">BnF data</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4155521-1">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007552997205171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Fructose"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85052102">美国</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Fruktoze"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000352928&P_CON_LNG=ENG">拉脱维亚</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="果糖"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01214659">日本</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="fruktóza"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph355396&CON_LNG=ENG">捷克</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" 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