Gravestone Maintenance, Cemetery Restoration & Care

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'InstrumentationKey=7af394f3-bfd9-41f7-9c89-47de6be2e17b;IngestionEndpoint=https://uksouth-1.in.applicationinsights.azure.com/;LiveEndpoint=https://uksouth.livediagnostics.monitor.azure.com/' }});</script></head> <body class="template-basiccontent "> <a class="skip-to-content" href="#main-content"> Skip to content </a> <div class="cog-icon hidden"> <svg class="icon"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-cog"></use> </svg> </div> <header class="site-header" id="site-header"> <div class="header-content"> <div class="header-tab-container"> <div class="header-tab-wrapper"> <div class="header-tab"> <div class="header-tab__link cwgc"> <p><span class="main">Commonwealth war graves commission</span> <span class="desktop-only">Caring for the fallen</span></p> </div> <div class="header-tab__link foundation"> <a href="https://foundation.cwgc.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <p><span class="main">Commonwealth war graves <span class="foundation">Foundation</span></span> Our charity site</p> <svg class="[ icon icon-link ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-link"></use> </svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="top-bar"> <div class="menu-toggle"> <button class="mobile-toggle hamburger js-hamburger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="main-menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="label-mobile-menu" aria-controls="main-menu" aria-label="Mobile Navigation Button"> <div class="hamburger-box"> <div class="hamburger-inner"></div> </div> <label for="" id="label-mobile-menu">Menu</label> </button> </div> <div class="logo"> <a href="/"> <img src="/assets/dist/images/CWGC-Logo-B@2x.png" alt="Commonwealth War Graves Commission Logo" class="main-logo"> <img src="/assets/dist/images/CWGC-Logo-B-Mobile-White@2x.png" alt="Commonwealth War Graves Commission Logo" class="mobile-active"> </a> </div> <nav role="navigation" class="primary-navigation-menu"> <ul id="main-menu" role="menu"> <li class="has-child" role="none"> <a href="/find-records/" class="primary-link" role="menuitem"> Find Records </a> <button class="child-link" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="label-open-menu-link-1" aria-controls="sub-menu-find-records"> <label for="" class="hidden" id="label-open-menu-link-1">Open Menu Link</label> <svg class="[ icon icon-mobile-nav-arrow ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-mobile-nav-arrow"></use> </svg> </button> <div class="sub-navigation"> <div class="subnav-content"> <button class="button back-link"> <svg class="[ icon icon-mobile-nav-arrow -rotate180 ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-mobile-nav-arrow"></use> </svg> <span>Go back</span> </button> <div class="left-content"> <span class="sub-title">Find Records</span> <div class="sub-links"> <ul id="sub-menu-find-records" role="menu"> <li role="none"> <a href="/find-records/find-war-dead/" role="menuitem"> Find War Dead </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/find-records/cwgc-archive/" role="menuitem"> CWGC Archive </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/find-records/about-our-records/" role="menuitem"> About our records </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/find-records/commemorations/" role="menuitem"> Commemorations </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/find-records/how-to-find-war-records-ww2/" role="menuitem"> How to Find War Records WW2 </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/find-records/frequently-asked-questions/" role="menuitem"> Frequently Asked Questions </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="right-content"> <span class="sub-title">Explore the records of the CWGC</span> <div class="right-wrapper"> <div class="item"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/bvvlnysr/dropdowimage1.jpg?width=200&height=115&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0adb8878dd0 1x,/media/bvvlnysr/dropdowimage1.jpg?width=400&height=230&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0adb8878dd0 2x,/media/bvvlnysr/dropdowimage1.jpg?width=600&height=345&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0adb8878dd0 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/bvvlnysr/dropdowimage1.jpg?width=200&height=115&v=1d7d0adb8878dd0 1x,/media/bvvlnysr/dropdowimage1.jpg?width=400&height=230&v=1d7d0adb8878dd0 2x,/media/bvvlnysr/dropdowimage1.jpg?width=600&height=345&v=1d7d0adb8878dd0 3x" type="image/jpg" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/bvvlnysr/dropdowimage1.jpg?width=162&height=93&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0adb8878dd0 1x,/media/bvvlnysr/dropdowimage1.jpg?width=324&height=186&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0adb8878dd0 2x,/media/bvvlnysr/dropdowimage1.jpg?width=486&height=279&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0adb8878dd0 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/bvvlnysr/dropdowimage1.jpg?width=162&height=93&v=1d7d0adb8878dd0 1x,/media/bvvlnysr/dropdowimage1.jpg?width=324&height=186&v=1d7d0adb8878dd0 2x,/media/bvvlnysr/dropdowimage1.jpg?width=486&height=279&v=1d7d0adb8878dd0 3x" type="image/jpg" /><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 200 115'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="/media/bvvlnysr/dropdowimage1.jpg?v=1d7d0adb8878dd0" class="img" alt="Find War Dead" /></picture> <a href="/find-records/find-war-dead/" class="title"> Find War Dead </a> <p>Use our search tools to explore our records and find out about those we commemorate.</p> </div> <div class="item"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/mzbphffz/hare_street-_woolwich-_ca_1910.jpg?width=200&height=115&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d88a28c486e790 1x,/media/mzbphffz/hare_street-_woolwich-_ca_1910.jpg?width=400&height=230&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d88a28c486e790 2x,/media/mzbphffz/hare_street-_woolwich-_ca_1910.jpg?width=600&height=345&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d88a28c486e790 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/mzbphffz/hare_street-_woolwich-_ca_1910.jpg?width=200&height=115&v=1d88a28c486e790 1x,/media/mzbphffz/hare_street-_woolwich-_ca_1910.jpg?width=400&height=230&v=1d88a28c486e790 2x,/media/mzbphffz/hare_street-_woolwich-_ca_1910.jpg?width=600&height=345&v=1d88a28c486e790 3x" type="image/jpg" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/mzbphffz/hare_street-_woolwich-_ca_1910.jpg?width=162&height=93&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d88a28c486e790 1x,/media/mzbphffz/hare_street-_woolwich-_ca_1910.jpg?width=324&height=186&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d88a28c486e790 2x,/media/mzbphffz/hare_street-_woolwich-_ca_1910.jpg?width=486&height=279&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d88a28c486e790 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/mzbphffz/hare_street-_woolwich-_ca_1910.jpg?width=162&height=93&v=1d88a28c486e790 1x,/media/mzbphffz/hare_street-_woolwich-_ca_1910.jpg?width=324&height=186&v=1d88a28c486e790 2x,/media/mzbphffz/hare_street-_woolwich-_ca_1910.jpg?width=486&height=279&v=1d88a28c486e790 3x" type="image/jpg" /><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 200 115'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="/media/mzbphffz/hare_street-_woolwich-_ca_1910.jpg?v=1d88a28c486e790" class="img" alt="Who lived on your street" /></picture> <a href="/who-lived-on-your-street/" class="title"> Discover world war casualties who lived in your area </a> <p>Use our postcode search tool to discover more about the war dead from your local area.</p> </div> <div class="item"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/natk5p0u/war-graves-of-the-british-empire.jpg?width=200&height=115&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811ce9d014170 1x,/media/natk5p0u/war-graves-of-the-british-empire.jpg?width=400&height=230&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811ce9d014170 2x,/media/natk5p0u/war-graves-of-the-british-empire.jpg?width=600&height=345&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811ce9d014170 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/natk5p0u/war-graves-of-the-british-empire.jpg?width=200&height=115&v=1d811ce9d014170 1x,/media/natk5p0u/war-graves-of-the-british-empire.jpg?width=400&height=230&v=1d811ce9d014170 2x,/media/natk5p0u/war-graves-of-the-british-empire.jpg?width=600&height=345&v=1d811ce9d014170 3x" type="image/jpg" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/natk5p0u/war-graves-of-the-british-empire.jpg?width=162&height=93&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811ce9d014170 1x,/media/natk5p0u/war-graves-of-the-british-empire.jpg?width=324&height=186&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811ce9d014170 2x,/media/natk5p0u/war-graves-of-the-british-empire.jpg?width=486&height=279&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811ce9d014170 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/natk5p0u/war-graves-of-the-british-empire.jpg?width=162&height=93&v=1d811ce9d014170 1x,/media/natk5p0u/war-graves-of-the-british-empire.jpg?width=324&height=186&v=1d811ce9d014170 2x,/media/natk5p0u/war-graves-of-the-british-empire.jpg?width=486&height=279&v=1d811ce9d014170 3x" type="image/jpg" /><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 200 115'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="/media/natk5p0u/war-graves-of-the-british-empire.jpg?v=1d811ce9d014170" class="img" alt="CWGC Archive" /></picture> <a href="/find-records/cwgc-archive/" class="title"> CWGC Archive </a> <p>Explore the CWGC Archive through our online portal.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="has-child" role="none"> <a href="/visit-us/" class="primary-link" role="menuitem"> Visit Us </a> <button class="child-link" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="label-open-menu-link-1" aria-controls="sub-menu-find-records"> <label for="" class="hidden" id="label-open-menu-link-1">Open Menu Link</label> <svg class="[ icon icon-mobile-nav-arrow ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-mobile-nav-arrow"></use> </svg> </button> <div class="sub-navigation"> <div class="subnav-content"> <button class="button back-link"> <svg class="[ icon icon-mobile-nav-arrow -rotate180 ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-mobile-nav-arrow"></use> </svg> <span>Go back</span> </button> <div class="left-content"> <span class="sub-title">Visit Us</span> <div class="sub-links"> <ul id="sub-menu-find-records" role="menu"> <li role="none"> <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/" role="menuitem"> Find Cemeteries & Memorials </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/visit-us/events/" role="menuitem"> Events </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/visit-us/war-graves-tours/" role="menuitem"> War Graves Tours </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/visit-us/visiting-a-cwgc-site/" role="menuitem"> Visiting a CWGC site </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/visit-us/the-cwgc-visitor-centre/" role="menuitem"> The CWGC Visitor Centre </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/visit-us/visit-the-cwgc-in-ieper/" role="menuitem"> Visit the CWGC in Ieper </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/visit-us/visit-malta/" role="menuitem"> Visit Malta </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/visit-us/find-ww2-war-graves/" role="menuitem"> Find WW2 war graves </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/visit-us/westtoer-build-your-own-flanders-pilgrimage/" role="menuitem"> Westtoer - Build your own Flanders pilgrimage </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="right-content"> <span class="sub-title">Plan your next trip to a CWGC location</span> <div class="right-wrapper"> <div class="item"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/yuqn2g1d/hedge-row-demonstration.jpg?width=200&height=115&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0adeffffe50 1x,/media/yuqn2g1d/hedge-row-demonstration.jpg?width=400&height=230&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0adeffffe50 2x,/media/yuqn2g1d/hedge-row-demonstration.jpg?width=600&height=345&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0adeffffe50 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/yuqn2g1d/hedge-row-demonstration.jpg?width=200&height=115&v=1d7d0adeffffe50 1x,/media/yuqn2g1d/hedge-row-demonstration.jpg?width=400&height=230&v=1d7d0adeffffe50 2x,/media/yuqn2g1d/hedge-row-demonstration.jpg?width=600&height=345&v=1d7d0adeffffe50 3x" type="image/jpg" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/yuqn2g1d/hedge-row-demonstration.jpg?width=162&height=93&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0adeffffe50 1x,/media/yuqn2g1d/hedge-row-demonstration.jpg?width=324&height=186&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0adeffffe50 2x,/media/yuqn2g1d/hedge-row-demonstration.jpg?width=486&height=279&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0adeffffe50 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/yuqn2g1d/hedge-row-demonstration.jpg?width=162&height=93&v=1d7d0adeffffe50 1x,/media/yuqn2g1d/hedge-row-demonstration.jpg?width=324&height=186&v=1d7d0adeffffe50 2x,/media/yuqn2g1d/hedge-row-demonstration.jpg?width=486&height=279&v=1d7d0adeffffe50 3x" type="image/jpg" /><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 200 115'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="/media/yuqn2g1d/hedge-row-demonstration.jpg?v=1d7d0adeffffe50" class="img" alt="Open Days" /></picture> <a href="/visit-us/open-days/" class="title"> Open Days </a> <p>Join us to discover more about our work, your local history and the men and women we commemorate.</p> </div> <div class="item"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/j31dp4oe/visitor-centre-thumbnail.jpg?width=200&height=115&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d926a1593cfea0 1x,/media/j31dp4oe/visitor-centre-thumbnail.jpg?width=400&height=230&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d926a1593cfea0 2x,/media/j31dp4oe/visitor-centre-thumbnail.jpg?width=600&height=345&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d926a1593cfea0 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/j31dp4oe/visitor-centre-thumbnail.jpg?width=200&height=115&v=1d926a1593cfea0 1x,/media/j31dp4oe/visitor-centre-thumbnail.jpg?width=400&height=230&v=1d926a1593cfea0 2x,/media/j31dp4oe/visitor-centre-thumbnail.jpg?width=600&height=345&v=1d926a1593cfea0 3x" type="image/jpg" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/j31dp4oe/visitor-centre-thumbnail.jpg?width=162&height=93&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d926a1593cfea0 1x,/media/j31dp4oe/visitor-centre-thumbnail.jpg?width=324&height=186&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d926a1593cfea0 2x,/media/j31dp4oe/visitor-centre-thumbnail.jpg?width=486&height=279&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d926a1593cfea0 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/j31dp4oe/visitor-centre-thumbnail.jpg?width=162&height=93&v=1d926a1593cfea0 1x,/media/j31dp4oe/visitor-centre-thumbnail.jpg?width=324&height=186&v=1d926a1593cfea0 2x,/media/j31dp4oe/visitor-centre-thumbnail.jpg?width=486&height=279&v=1d926a1593cfea0 3x" type="image/jpg" /><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 200 115'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="/media/j31dp4oe/visitor-centre-thumbnail.jpg?v=1d926a1593cfea0" class="img" alt="The CWGC Visitor Centre" /></picture> <a href="/visit-us/the-cwgc-visitor-centre/" class="title"> The CWGC Visitor Centre </a> <p>No visit to the Western Front is complete without a trip to The CWGC Visitor Centre.</p> </div> <div class="item"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/sjkd4u52/image00014.jpeg?width=200&height=115&format=webp&quality=80&v=1dac967dadfde90 1x,/media/sjkd4u52/image00014.jpeg?width=400&height=230&format=webp&quality=80&v=1dac967dadfde90 2x,/media/sjkd4u52/image00014.jpeg?width=600&height=345&format=webp&quality=80&v=1dac967dadfde90 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/sjkd4u52/image00014.jpeg?width=200&height=115&v=1dac967dadfde90 1x,/media/sjkd4u52/image00014.jpeg?width=400&height=230&v=1dac967dadfde90 2x,/media/sjkd4u52/image00014.jpeg?width=600&height=345&v=1dac967dadfde90 3x" type="image/jpeg" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/sjkd4u52/image00014.jpeg?width=162&height=93&format=webp&quality=80&v=1dac967dadfde90 1x,/media/sjkd4u52/image00014.jpeg?width=324&height=186&format=webp&quality=80&v=1dac967dadfde90 2x,/media/sjkd4u52/image00014.jpeg?width=486&height=279&format=webp&quality=80&v=1dac967dadfde90 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/sjkd4u52/image00014.jpeg?width=162&height=93&v=1dac967dadfde90 1x,/media/sjkd4u52/image00014.jpeg?width=324&height=186&v=1dac967dadfde90 2x,/media/sjkd4u52/image00014.jpeg?width=486&height=279&v=1dac967dadfde90 3x" type="image/jpeg" /><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 200 115'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="/media/sjkd4u52/image00014.jpeg?v=1dac967dadfde90" class="img" alt="Visit the CWGC in Ieper" /></picture> <a href="/visit-us/visit-the-cwgc-in-ieper/" class="title"> Visit the CWGC in Ieper </a> <p>Just a stone's throw from the Menin Gate, visit our Information Centre to learn more about the CWGC.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="has-child" role="none"> <a href="/our-work/" class="primary-link" role="menuitem"> Our Work </a> <button class="child-link" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="label-open-menu-link-1" aria-controls="sub-menu-find-records"> <label for="" class="hidden" id="label-open-menu-link-1">Open Menu Link</label> <svg class="[ icon icon-mobile-nav-arrow ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-mobile-nav-arrow"></use> </svg> </button> <div class="sub-navigation"> <div class="subnav-content"> <button class="button back-link"> <svg class="[ icon icon-mobile-nav-arrow -rotate180 ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-mobile-nav-arrow"></use> </svg> <span>Go back</span> </button> <div class="left-content"> <span class="sub-title">Our Work</span> <div class="sub-links"> <ul id="sub-menu-find-records" role="menu"> <li role="none"> <a href="/our-work/news/" role="menuitem"> News </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/our-work/blog/" role="menuitem"> Blog </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/our-work/outreach/" role="menuitem"> Outreach </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/our-work/volunteer/" role="menuitem"> Volunteer </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/our-work/projects/" role="menuitem"> Projects </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/our-work/cwgc-podcast/" role="menuitem"> CWGC Podcast </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/our-work/caring-for-our-sites/" role="menuitem"> Caring for Our Sites </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/our-work/guides/" role="menuitem"> Guides </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/our-work/sustainability/" role="menuitem"> Sustainability </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/our-work/events-form/" role="menuitem"> Events Form </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/our-work/menin-gate-memorial/" role="menuitem"> Menin Gate Memorial </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/our-work/silent-cities/" role="menuitem"> Silent Cities </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/our-work/loos-british-cemetery-extension/" role="menuitem"> Loos British Cemetery Extension </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="right-content"> <span class="sub-title">Get the latest CWGC news and see some of our recent work</span> <div class="right-wrapper"> <div class="item"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/cy1lbel3/tyne-cot-cemetery.jpg?width=200&height=115&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d879b6e4a49630 1x,/media/cy1lbel3/tyne-cot-cemetery.jpg?width=400&height=230&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d879b6e4a49630 2x,/media/cy1lbel3/tyne-cot-cemetery.jpg?width=600&height=345&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d879b6e4a49630 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/cy1lbel3/tyne-cot-cemetery.jpg?width=200&height=115&v=1d879b6e4a49630 1x,/media/cy1lbel3/tyne-cot-cemetery.jpg?width=400&height=230&v=1d879b6e4a49630 2x,/media/cy1lbel3/tyne-cot-cemetery.jpg?width=600&height=345&v=1d879b6e4a49630 3x" type="image/jpg" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/cy1lbel3/tyne-cot-cemetery.jpg?width=162&height=93&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d879b6e4a49630 1x,/media/cy1lbel3/tyne-cot-cemetery.jpg?width=324&height=186&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d879b6e4a49630 2x,/media/cy1lbel3/tyne-cot-cemetery.jpg?width=486&height=279&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d879b6e4a49630 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/cy1lbel3/tyne-cot-cemetery.jpg?width=162&height=93&v=1d879b6e4a49630 1x,/media/cy1lbel3/tyne-cot-cemetery.jpg?width=324&height=186&v=1d879b6e4a49630 2x,/media/cy1lbel3/tyne-cot-cemetery.jpg?width=486&height=279&v=1d879b6e4a49630 3x" type="image/jpg" /><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 200 115'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="/media/cy1lbel3/tyne-cot-cemetery.jpg?v=1d879b6e4a49630" class="img" alt="Frequently Asked Questions" /></picture> <a href="/find-records/frequently-asked-questions/" class="title"> Ask a question </a> <p>Have a question about us or our work? Read our FAQs or send a question to our customer service team.</p> </div> <div class="item"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/fjelwd2q/eoho-volunteers-mega-block.png?width=200&height=115&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0ae3f83ad00 1x,/media/fjelwd2q/eoho-volunteers-mega-block.png?width=400&height=230&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0ae3f83ad00 2x,/media/fjelwd2q/eoho-volunteers-mega-block.png?width=600&height=345&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0ae3f83ad00 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/fjelwd2q/eoho-volunteers-mega-block.png?width=200&height=115&v=1d7d0ae3f83ad00 1x,/media/fjelwd2q/eoho-volunteers-mega-block.png?width=400&height=230&v=1d7d0ae3f83ad00 2x,/media/fjelwd2q/eoho-volunteers-mega-block.png?width=600&height=345&v=1d7d0ae3f83ad00 3x" type="image/png" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/fjelwd2q/eoho-volunteers-mega-block.png?width=162&height=93&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0ae3f83ad00 1x,/media/fjelwd2q/eoho-volunteers-mega-block.png?width=324&height=186&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0ae3f83ad00 2x,/media/fjelwd2q/eoho-volunteers-mega-block.png?width=486&height=279&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d7d0ae3f83ad00 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/fjelwd2q/eoho-volunteers-mega-block.png?width=162&height=93&v=1d7d0ae3f83ad00 1x,/media/fjelwd2q/eoho-volunteers-mega-block.png?width=324&height=186&v=1d7d0ae3f83ad00 2x,/media/fjelwd2q/eoho-volunteers-mega-block.png?width=486&height=279&v=1d7d0ae3f83ad00 3x" type="image/png" /><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 200 115'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="/media/fjelwd2q/eoho-volunteers-mega-block.png?v=1d7d0ae3f83ad00" class="img" alt="Volunteer" /></picture> <a href="/our-work/volunteer/" class="title"> Volunteer with us </a> <p>Find out how you can apply to become a CWGC Volunteer.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="has-child" role="none"> <a href="/who-we-are/" class="primary-link" role="menuitem"> Who We Are </a> <button class="child-link" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="label-open-menu-link-1" aria-controls="sub-menu-find-records"> <label for="" class="hidden" id="label-open-menu-link-1">Open Menu Link</label> <svg class="[ icon icon-mobile-nav-arrow ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-mobile-nav-arrow"></use> </svg> </button> <div class="sub-navigation"> <div class="subnav-content"> <button class="button back-link"> <svg class="[ icon icon-mobile-nav-arrow -rotate180 ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-mobile-nav-arrow"></use> </svg> <span>Go back</span> </button> <div class="left-content"> <span class="sub-title">Who We Are</span> <div class="sub-links"> <ul id="sub-menu-find-records" role="menu"> <li role="none"> <a href="/who-we-are/information-on-the-cwgc/" role="menuitem"> Information on the CWGC </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/who-we-are/our-story/" role="menuitem"> Our story </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/who-we-are/careers/" role="menuitem"> Careers </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/who-we-are/our-commissioners/" role="menuitem"> Our Commissioners </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/who-we-are/meet-our-global-leadership-team/" role="menuitem"> Meet our Global Leadership Team </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/who-we-are/our-apps/" role="menuitem"> Our Apps </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/who-we-are/pension-scheme/" role="menuitem"> Pension Scheme </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="right-content"> <span class="sub-title">Learn more about the work of the CWGC</span> <div class="right-wrapper"> <div class="item"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/edsjsyza/careers-image-staff.jpg?width=200&height=115&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc87c90b50 1x,/media/edsjsyza/careers-image-staff.jpg?width=400&height=230&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc87c90b50 2x,/media/edsjsyza/careers-image-staff.jpg?width=600&height=345&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc87c90b50 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/edsjsyza/careers-image-staff.jpg?width=200&height=115&v=1d811cc87c90b50 1x,/media/edsjsyza/careers-image-staff.jpg?width=400&height=230&v=1d811cc87c90b50 2x,/media/edsjsyza/careers-image-staff.jpg?width=600&height=345&v=1d811cc87c90b50 3x" type="image/jpg" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/edsjsyza/careers-image-staff.jpg?width=162&height=93&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc87c90b50 1x,/media/edsjsyza/careers-image-staff.jpg?width=324&height=186&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc87c90b50 2x,/media/edsjsyza/careers-image-staff.jpg?width=486&height=279&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc87c90b50 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/edsjsyza/careers-image-staff.jpg?width=162&height=93&v=1d811cc87c90b50 1x,/media/edsjsyza/careers-image-staff.jpg?width=324&height=186&v=1d811cc87c90b50 2x,/media/edsjsyza/careers-image-staff.jpg?width=486&height=279&v=1d811cc87c90b50 3x" type="image/jpg" /><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 200 115'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="/media/edsjsyza/careers-image-staff.jpg?v=1d811cc87c90b50" class="img" alt="Careers" /></picture> <a href="/who-we-are/careers/" class="title"> Careers </a> <p>Want to work for the CWGC? Check here to see our open positions and volunteer roles.</p> </div> <div class="item"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/mrzh13n2/about-our-work-nav.jpg?width=200&height=115&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc68bb3710 1x,/media/mrzh13n2/about-our-work-nav.jpg?width=400&height=230&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc68bb3710 2x,/media/mrzh13n2/about-our-work-nav.jpg?width=600&height=345&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc68bb3710 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/mrzh13n2/about-our-work-nav.jpg?width=200&height=115&v=1d811cc68bb3710 1x,/media/mrzh13n2/about-our-work-nav.jpg?width=400&height=230&v=1d811cc68bb3710 2x,/media/mrzh13n2/about-our-work-nav.jpg?width=600&height=345&v=1d811cc68bb3710 3x" type="image/jpg" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/mrzh13n2/about-our-work-nav.jpg?width=162&height=93&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc68bb3710 1x,/media/mrzh13n2/about-our-work-nav.jpg?width=324&height=186&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc68bb3710 2x,/media/mrzh13n2/about-our-work-nav.jpg?width=486&height=279&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc68bb3710 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/mrzh13n2/about-our-work-nav.jpg?width=162&height=93&v=1d811cc68bb3710 1x,/media/mrzh13n2/about-our-work-nav.jpg?width=324&height=186&v=1d811cc68bb3710 2x,/media/mrzh13n2/about-our-work-nav.jpg?width=486&height=279&v=1d811cc68bb3710 3x" type="image/jpg" /><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 200 115'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="/media/mrzh13n2/about-our-work-nav.jpg?v=1d811cc68bb3710" class="img" alt="Information on the CWGC" /></picture> <a href="/who-we-are/information-on-the-cwgc/" class="title"> Information on the CWGC </a> <p>Get information about our funding, our Customer Charter and our Strategic Plan.</p> </div> <div class="item"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/rfxf2tzv/menin-gate-at-night.jpg?width=200&height=115&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc70dd1fd0 1x,/media/rfxf2tzv/menin-gate-at-night.jpg?width=400&height=230&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc70dd1fd0 2x,/media/rfxf2tzv/menin-gate-at-night.jpg?width=600&height=345&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc70dd1fd0 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/rfxf2tzv/menin-gate-at-night.jpg?width=200&height=115&v=1d811cc70dd1fd0 1x,/media/rfxf2tzv/menin-gate-at-night.jpg?width=400&height=230&v=1d811cc70dd1fd0 2x,/media/rfxf2tzv/menin-gate-at-night.jpg?width=600&height=345&v=1d811cc70dd1fd0 3x" type="image/jpg" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/rfxf2tzv/menin-gate-at-night.jpg?width=162&height=93&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc70dd1fd0 1x,/media/rfxf2tzv/menin-gate-at-night.jpg?width=324&height=186&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc70dd1fd0 2x,/media/rfxf2tzv/menin-gate-at-night.jpg?width=486&height=279&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d811cc70dd1fd0 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/rfxf2tzv/menin-gate-at-night.jpg?width=162&height=93&v=1d811cc70dd1fd0 1x,/media/rfxf2tzv/menin-gate-at-night.jpg?width=324&height=186&v=1d811cc70dd1fd0 2x,/media/rfxf2tzv/menin-gate-at-night.jpg?width=486&height=279&v=1d811cc70dd1fd0 3x" type="image/jpg" /><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 200 115'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="/media/rfxf2tzv/menin-gate-at-night.jpg?v=1d811cc70dd1fd0" class="img" alt="Our story" /></picture> <a href="/who-we-are/our-story/" class="title"> Our story </a> <p>Explore the story of the CWGC, from our formation during the First World War to our work today.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="has-child" role="none"> <a href="/non-commemoration/" class="primary-link" role="menuitem"> Non-Commemoration </a> <button class="child-link" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="label-open-menu-link-1" aria-controls="sub-menu-find-records"> <label for="" class="hidden" id="label-open-menu-link-1">Open Menu Link</label> <svg class="[ icon icon-mobile-nav-arrow ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-mobile-nav-arrow"></use> </svg> </button> <div class="sub-navigation"> <div class="subnav-content"> <button class="button back-link"> <svg class="[ icon icon-mobile-nav-arrow -rotate180 ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-mobile-nav-arrow"></use> </svg> <span>Go back</span> </button> <div class="left-content"> <span class="sub-title">Non-Commemoration</span> <div class="sub-links"> <ul id="sub-menu-find-records" role="menu"> <li role="none"> <a href="/non-commemoration/latest-updates/" role="menuitem"> Latest updates </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/non-commemoration/outreach/" role="menuitem"> Outreach </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/non-commemoration/rolls-of-honour/" role="menuitem"> Rolls of Honour </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/non-commemoration/advisory-panel/" role="menuitem"> Advisory Panel </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/non-commemoration/2021-report-and-response/" role="menuitem"> 2021 report and response </a> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="/non-commemoration/non-commemoration-reports/" role="menuitem"> Non-Commemoration reports </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="right-content"> <span class="sub-title">Learn more about our work to put right the wrongs of the past, centred on local engagement, collaboration and partnership</span> <div class="right-wrapper"> <div class="item"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/sbgipuqo/nairobi_headstone.jpg?width=200&height=115&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d88c91d9556af0 1x,/media/sbgipuqo/nairobi_headstone.jpg?width=400&height=230&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d88c91d9556af0 2x,/media/sbgipuqo/nairobi_headstone.jpg?width=600&height=345&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d88c91d9556af0 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/sbgipuqo/nairobi_headstone.jpg?width=200&height=115&v=1d88c91d9556af0 1x,/media/sbgipuqo/nairobi_headstone.jpg?width=400&height=230&v=1d88c91d9556af0 2x,/media/sbgipuqo/nairobi_headstone.jpg?width=600&height=345&v=1d88c91d9556af0 3x" type="image/jpg" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/sbgipuqo/nairobi_headstone.jpg?width=162&height=93&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d88c91d9556af0 1x,/media/sbgipuqo/nairobi_headstone.jpg?width=324&height=186&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d88c91d9556af0 2x,/media/sbgipuqo/nairobi_headstone.jpg?width=486&height=279&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d88c91d9556af0 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/sbgipuqo/nairobi_headstone.jpg?width=162&height=93&v=1d88c91d9556af0 1x,/media/sbgipuqo/nairobi_headstone.jpg?width=324&height=186&v=1d88c91d9556af0 2x,/media/sbgipuqo/nairobi_headstone.jpg?width=486&height=279&v=1d88c91d9556af0 3x" type="image/jpg" /><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 200 115'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="/media/sbgipuqo/nairobi_headstone.jpg?v=1d88c91d9556af0" class="img" alt="Outreach" /></picture> <a href="/non-commemoration/outreach/" class="title"> OUTREACH </a> </div> <div class="item"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/prvf5rst/cape-town-stilae.jpg?width=200&height=115&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d9aa75dfb09ed0 1x,/media/prvf5rst/cape-town-stilae.jpg?width=400&height=230&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d9aa75dfb09ed0 2x,/media/prvf5rst/cape-town-stilae.jpg?width=600&height=345&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d9aa75dfb09ed0 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/prvf5rst/cape-town-stilae.jpg?width=200&height=115&v=1d9aa75dfb09ed0 1x,/media/prvf5rst/cape-town-stilae.jpg?width=400&height=230&v=1d9aa75dfb09ed0 2x,/media/prvf5rst/cape-town-stilae.jpg?width=600&height=345&v=1d9aa75dfb09ed0 3x" type="image/jpg" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/prvf5rst/cape-town-stilae.jpg?width=162&height=93&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d9aa75dfb09ed0 1x,/media/prvf5rst/cape-town-stilae.jpg?width=324&height=186&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d9aa75dfb09ed0 2x,/media/prvf5rst/cape-town-stilae.jpg?width=486&height=279&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d9aa75dfb09ed0 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/prvf5rst/cape-town-stilae.jpg?width=162&height=93&v=1d9aa75dfb09ed0 1x,/media/prvf5rst/cape-town-stilae.jpg?width=324&height=186&v=1d9aa75dfb09ed0 2x,/media/prvf5rst/cape-town-stilae.jpg?width=486&height=279&v=1d9aa75dfb09ed0 3x" type="image/jpg" /><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 200 115'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="/media/prvf5rst/cape-town-stilae.jpg?v=1d9aa75dfb09ed0" class="img" alt="Fitting Memorials" /></picture> <a href="/non-commemoration/fitting-memorials/" class="title"> FITTING MEMORIALS </a> <p>Ensuring remembrance is both fitting and relevant to communities.</p> </div> <div class="item"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/hyqlqwsl/gismap.jpg?width=200&height=115&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d95b1c52879750 1x,/media/hyqlqwsl/gismap.jpg?width=400&height=230&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d95b1c52879750 2x,/media/hyqlqwsl/gismap.jpg?width=600&height=345&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d95b1c52879750 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" data-srcset="/media/hyqlqwsl/gismap.jpg?width=200&height=115&v=1d95b1c52879750 1x,/media/hyqlqwsl/gismap.jpg?width=400&height=230&v=1d95b1c52879750 2x,/media/hyqlqwsl/gismap.jpg?width=600&height=345&v=1d95b1c52879750 3x" type="image/jpg" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/hyqlqwsl/gismap.jpg?width=162&height=93&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d95b1c52879750 1x,/media/hyqlqwsl/gismap.jpg?width=324&height=186&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d95b1c52879750 2x,/media/hyqlqwsl/gismap.jpg?width=486&height=279&format=webp&quality=80&v=1d95b1c52879750 3x" type="image/webp" /><source media="(min-width: 0px)" data-srcset="/media/hyqlqwsl/gismap.jpg?width=162&height=93&v=1d95b1c52879750 1x,/media/hyqlqwsl/gismap.jpg?width=324&height=186&v=1d95b1c52879750 2x,/media/hyqlqwsl/gismap.jpg?width=486&height=279&v=1d95b1c52879750 3x" type="image/jpg" /><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 200 115'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="/media/hyqlqwsl/gismap.jpg?v=1d95b1c52879750" class="img" alt="Published research outputs" /></picture> <a href="/non-commemoration/published-research-outputs/" class="title"> RESEARCH OUTPUTS </a> <p>See our published Non-Commemoration research reports.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> 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class="underline">Home</a></li> <li> <svg class="[ icon icon-breadcrumb ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-breadcrumb"></use> </svg> <a href="/our-work/" class="underline">Our Work</a> </li> <li> <svg class="[ icon icon-breadcrumb ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-breadcrumb"></use> </svg> <a href="/our-work/caring-for-our-sites/" class="">Caring for Our Sites</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="container page-heading"> <h1 class="">Caring for Our Sites</h1> </div> </section> <div class="container narrow"> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 125%; line-height: 150%;"><strong>Our estate covers 23,000 locations in over 150 countries and territories, so the sun never sets on our work. We have over 2,000 ‘constructed’ war cemeteries (the largest being <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/53300/tyne-cot-cemetery/" title="Tyne Cot Cemetery and Memorial">Tyne Cot</a> in Belgium, the smallest <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/2073156/ocracoke-island-british-cemetery/" title="Ocracoke Island Cemetery">Ocracoke Island (British) cemetery</a>, USA).</strong></p> <div style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 0px;"></div> <p><img src="/media/d0vlvkas/tynecot-header.jpg?rmode=max&width=1000&height=636" alt="" width="1000" height="636"></p> <h2>Conserving our heritage estate</h2> <p>The term heritage estate covers our ‘built’ heritage, the memorials, the cemeteries with their Stone of Remembrance, Cross of Sacrifice, shelters, walls, plaques and the 1.1 million headstones commemorating the fallen from both World Wars.</p> <p>Heritage estate also covers all the horticulture too and we are looking at the cemeteries, monuments and all the gardens and landscape together. We are taking a conservation-based approach to how we look after these into the new century.</p> <div style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 0px;"></div> <p><img src="/media/qxbd2yfh/hort7.jpg?rmode=max&width=1000&height=636" alt="" width="1000" height="636"></p> <h2>The challenge, the change</h2> <p>Our worldwide heritage estate is aging, with parts of it over 100 years old, and in some cases this aging has been accelerated with changing weather patterns and pollution, so renovation and refurbishment is a constant and evolving process for us.</p> <p>Our work programme is dictated by a cycle of inspections with any necessary remedial work performed by our own in-house specialists or in the case of larger projects, outsourced to approved construction companies with experience in building conservation.</p> <div style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 0px;"></div> <p> </p> <p><img src="/media/b54pza4c/estate12.jpg?rmode=max&width=1000&height=636" alt="" width="1000" height="636"></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><em>Restoring the statues on the Chatham Naval Memorial.</em></p> <p>Our policies have become more targeted, striking a balance between the effects of aging, caring for the environment and materials used to ensure the longevity of our estate.</p> <div style="padding: 5px 0px 0px 0px;"></div> <p><img src="/media/heohxib4/estate11.jpg?rmode=max&width=1002&height=637" alt="" width="1002" height="637"></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><em>Masonry work on the Cross of Sacrifice, Calgary (Burnsland) Cemetery, Alberta, Canada.</em></p> <p>Original materials are preferred, however, over time, certain materials have become unavailable or unacceptable today and need to be replaced. For instance, we have moved away from concrete for repairs in favour of lime mortar and we prefer to repair rather than replace unless absolutely necessary.</p> <div style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 0px;"></div> <p><img src="/media/o0uj4ivx/askari.jpg?rmode=max&width=1000&height=636" alt="" width="1000" height="636"></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><em>Restoring the Askari 'Iron Men', Mombasa, Kenya.</em></p> <h3 style="text-align: center; line-height: 160%;">RIGHT FROM THE BEGINNING OUR HEADSTONES HAVE ALWAYS BEEN A MIXTURE OF STONE TYPES INCLUDING PORTLAND STONE</h3> <p>One aspect that has evolved is the cleaning of our headstones. In the early days of the IWGC, a twelve-year cleaning cycle was the norm, with preservatives being introduced during the 1940s and chemical/biocide treatments in the 1970’s. This has given rise to the expectation of our headstones being a pristine white which was not the case in the early years of the organisation. In some cases, the treatments accelerate damage or deterioration to the stone, and leach chemicals into the ground.</p> <div style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong><a style="margin: 0px;" href="/our-work/sustainability/headstone-cleanliness-legibility/" title="Headstone cleaniless & legibility" class="button green">See how we care for our headstones</a></strong></p> <div style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 0px;"></div> <p><img src="/media/nxgpdluw/headstone-cleaning.jpg?rmode=max&width=1000&height=636" alt="" width="1000" height="636"></p> <div style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 0px;"> <p>Our headstones have always been a mixture of stone types depending on the environment they were to be placed into, with 30 stone types of differing colours and shade in our catalogue, each rated on their resistance to weathering, pollution and local soil type.</p> <div style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 0px;"></div> <p><img src="/media/blvenlh3/headstone-samples.jpg?rmode=max&width=1000&height=952" alt="" width="1000" height="952"></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><em>A selection of stone types found in our catalogue showing the styles and variations in colour.</em></p> <h3 style="text-align: center; line-height: 160%;">We have 30 different stone types for our headstones SELECTED to withstand whatever environment they are placed in</h3> <div style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 0px;"></div> <p>We are currently moving towards a process of enzyme cleaning, which is better for both the environment and the stone, with cleaning only undertaken when necessary, reducing surface wear and water use. We are also adopting a high temperature/low pressure cleaning process compared to past high-pressure washes.</p> <p>On our bronze plaques found in the Far East, we have moved away from using paint and lacquers to a traditional wax for rebronzing, which is more environmentally friendly.</p> <div style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 0px;"></div> <p><img src="/media/nz5lvnnj/rebronzing2.jpg?rmode=max&width=1001&height=637" alt="" width="1001" height="637"></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><em>The new rebronzing process at CWGC Kanchanaburi War Cemetery, Thailand.</em></p> <h2>Climate and conflict</h2> <p>Damage from climate change is becoming increasingly prevalent as we experience more extreme weather events across our estate. For example, at <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/47323/freetown-king-tom-cemetery/" title="King Tom Cemetery, Freetown">King Tom Cemetery</a> in Freetown, Sierra Leone, flash flooding destroyed its sea wall in September 2015. Partnering with a local contractor, we had to stabilise the sea front and build a brand new, more robust sea defence, one of our most complicated engineering project.</p> <div style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 0px;"></div> <p><img src="/media/rlrjg5n3/king-tom-damage.jpg?rmode=max&width=1000&height=636" alt="" width="1000" height="636"></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><em>View of the damage to King Tom Cemetery after the flash flooding.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/mylpxbb4/king-tom-wall.jpg?rmode=max&width=1000&height=636" alt="" width="1000" height="636"></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><em>Close up of the damage, giving an indication of the force that hit the sea wall.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/rvmjo4qu/king-tom-defences.jpg?rmode=max&width=1000&height=636" alt="" width="1000" height="636"></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><em>The newly completed and redesigned defences.</em></p> <p>Repairing the damage from conflict zones is a considerable challenge also, sometimes having to make areas safe from unexploded ordnance before we can start on any remedial work. <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/71701/gaza-war-cemetery/" title="Gaza War Cemetery">Gaza War Cemetery</a> is a case in point with damage often caused by shelling.</p> <div style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 0px;"></div> <p><img src="/media/li1itn2v/gaza-shell-headstone.jpg?rmode=max&width=1000&height=510" alt="" width="1000" height="510"></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><em>Some examples of the challenges facing the CWGC staff in Gaza.</em></p> <p>An extreme example of what CWGC can face was the <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/88400/basra-memorial/" title="Basra Memorial">Basra Memorial</a> moved from the Shatt al-Arab channel into the desert during the Saddam Hussein era, causing damage to the structure and commemorative panels. The remedial work had to be postponed until the political/military situation improved to allow us to assess the most appropriate way of ensuring that the names are commemorated in country.</p> <div style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 0px;"></div> <p><img src="/media/p23blmyn/basra-monument.jpg?rmode=max&width=1000&height=526" alt="" width="1000" height="526"></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><em>The Basra memorial in its new desert location, moved in the 1990s by the Saddam Hussein regime.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/ixqn2tax/basra-panel-damage.jpg?rmode=max&width=1000&height=636" alt="" width="1000" height="636"></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><em>The damage to the panels caused during the moving of the Basra Memorial.</em></p> </div> <div style="background-color: rgba(19, 41, 75, 1); padding: 20px 20px 10px 20px;"> <p style="text-align: left;"><img style="float: left; padding: 0px 20px 10px 20px;" src="/media/xctncdcm/image-6.jpg?rmode=max&width=500" alt="" width="45%" height="automatic"></p> <h3 style="color: #ffffff; text-align: center;">READ OUR CONSERVATON POLICY</h3> <p style="color: #ffffff; padding: 0px; text-align: center;">Our Conservation Policies reflect our aim to manage change whilst sustainably caring for our sites.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 20px 30px; text-align: center;"><a rel="noopener" href="/media/cdmpkqyk/conservation-policy-2020.pdf" target="_blank" title="Conservation Policy 2020" class="button white-clear">Conservation Policy 2020</a></div> <div style="padding: 10px 0px 0px; text-align: center;"></div> </div> <div style="padding: 20px 0px 0px; text-align: center;"></div> <h2>To the Four Corners...</h2> <p>Read about some of the many projects we have undertaken and challenges we regularly face around the world.</p> </div> <div class="faqs"> <div class="container"> <button class="accordion"> Ascension Island <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">Race against the sunset</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/0lbgicat/ascension3.jpg?width=1001&height=561&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">Ascension Island</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px 20px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> Georgetown, Ascension Island <strong>Language:</strong> English <strong>Altitude:</strong> 1m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 142mm <br><strong>Temperature:</strong> 20°c - 28°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> Isolated island location</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>A thousand miles from the nearest mainland, in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, sits an island airbase. There’s not much there beyond an airstrip, a weather station and a NASA telescope that combs the skies.</strong></p> <p>But nestled on the windy shores of Ascension Island is also one of the world’s most isolated <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">island war cemeteries</a>.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/n00ifevy/ascension6.jpg?width=1000&height=562&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>On his last visit, regional manager Simon Fletcher had only hours of daylight to rush across the island before his return flight.</em></p> </div> <p><a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/47319/ascension-island-new-cemetery/">Ascension Island cemetery</a> contains seven Commonwealth war graves. Some were buried when their ship passed through, others were stationed here. One was a South African labourer. Another, a telegraph operator from South Shields, UK.</p> <p>Today, civilians can only reach the island via St Helena – a full 800 miles to the south – on the monthly flight that links the two.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/dy4nfagp/ascension5.jpg?width=1000&height=562&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>In remote outposts like this we rely heavily on the support of those stationed there.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>CWGC’s area manager Simon Fletcher recently took the long journey to check the condition of the war graves on both islands and re-establish local connections.</p> <p><em>“It was a race against the sunset as soon as we landed in Ascension,” he said. Within hours, he had to be back on the same plane or risk being stranded for a month.</em></p> <p>“I only had about an hour of daylight to rush to the <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">small war cemetery</a> and see what condition the war graves were in before rushing back to the airstrip to get home.”</p> <p>Thankfully all was well. He returned safe in the knowledge those seven men, however far from home they may be, were still lying in peace in a clean, well-tended site, thanks to the generosity of the RAF personnel stationed there.</p> <p>It contains seven Commonwealth war graves. Some were buried when their ship passed through, others were stationed here. One was a South African labourer. Another, a telegraph operator from South Shields, UK.</p> <p>Today, civilians can only reach the island via St Helena – a full 800 miles to the south – on the monthly flight that links the two.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/ga5htddr/ascension1.jpg?width=1001&height=562&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The war graves in St Paul's Church, St Helena stand on the slopes high up the island.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>On St Helena, he checked for another 14 war graves. This time maintained by the friendly team who tend the sloping churchyard of St Paul’s Cathedral on our behalf.</p> <p>It contains seven Commonwealth war graves. Some were buried when their ship passed through, others were stationed here. One was a South African labourer. Another, a telegraph operator from South Shields, UK.</p> <p>Today, civilians can only reach the island via St Helena – a full 800 miles to the south – on the monthly flight that links the two.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/cinhvppf/ascension4.jpg?width=1000&height=562&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Even in St Helena, CWGC finds people ready and willing to help us in our work.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>Aside from periodic inspections like Simon’s, the only practical way to maintain remote sites like these are through strong local relationships.</p> <p>“Even in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, we find people who are willing to help us remember those who died.”</p> <p> </p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/y4nfax30/ascension2.jpg?width=1002&height=563&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>In the distance behind the graveyard is a narrow runway where the monthly plane that links Ascension Island takes off.</em></p> </div> </div> </p> </div> </div> <button class="accordion"> Askari War Memorials <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">RESTORING THE 'IRON MEN'</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/ye2lax1h/askari-iron-men2.jpg?width=1100&height=750&mode=max" alt="" width="1100" height="750"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">THE ASKARI WAR MEMORIALS</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> Mombasa, Kenya <strong>Language:</strong> English / Swahili <strong>Altitude:</strong> 21m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 999mm<strong><br>Temperature:</strong> 22°c - 33°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> Restoring detailed statues without blueprints</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>Some of the first and last shots of the First World War were fired in Africa. Hundreds of thousands of men from across the continent were mobilised by European powers on both sides and drawn into long and bloody conflict.</strong></p> <p>These stories are often overshadowed by tales from the Western Front.</p> <p>But the Commonwealth War Graves Commission’s commitment to Africa is huge. It spans 43 countries. It’s also the site of some unique memorials that, when unpicked, tell the nuanced task of remembrance on this vast continent.</p> <p>In 2017 the appearance of 3D scanners in the centre of Mombasa drew crowds of curious locals as the CWGC began restoration of one of these <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">war memorials</a>.</p> <p>The Mombasa African Memorial – one of four to be built and the first to be restored – was unveiled in 1927. It features four tall bronze men – each representing the unique make-up of the forces who served; a vivid reminder of the Africans who died under the banner of the British Empire.</p> <p> </p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/q3skn1tj/askari-iron-men4.jpg?width=1100&height=750&mode=max" alt="" width="1100" height="750"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>A young boy looks up at the Dar Es Salaam African Memorial in this photo from the CWGC archive.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 10px 10px 30px 10px;"></div> <p>Along with similar statues in Nairobi, Dar Es Salaam and Abuja, these are the only places in the world where you will see something so lifelike at a Commission site.</p> <p>They were created out of necessity.</p> <p>By the time the Commission was able to gain access to East Africa and begin the difficult work of locating the <a href="/find-records/find-war-dead/">First World War dead</a>, there was little to no information available about the majority of Africans who had served, including accurate death tolls or burial locations or even their names.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/sxogwe51/askari-iron-men7.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The Dar Es Salaam African Memorial will be the latest to be restored thanks to 3D scanning technology.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/jsfh2th3/askari-iron-men5.jpg?width=1000&height=502&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Panels on the Dar Es Salaam African Memorial.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/rhvlpjxx/askari-iron-men6.jpg?width=1000&height=500&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Telling more of the story of those commemorated.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 10px 10px 30px 10px;"></div> <p>Without definitive proof of where, or even how many people had died, the model being drafted in Western Europe – giving every person a name on a headstone above a known grave or a war memorial to the missing – would never be possible. Instead, something else was needed.</p> <p>After much soul-searching, the Commission settled on bronze statues. Each one is unique, but similar in form and evokes a real sense of those being commemorated.</p> <p>So much so that a mother in Mombasa was adamant that it was her boy who stood up on the pedestal and he had been transformed into “an iron man who could neither talk to her nor see her”.</p> <p> </p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/vj0pp1yd/askari-iron-men8.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Posed photographs were commissioned to allow sculptor James Stephenson to make each sculpture as lifelike as possible.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/3n4ls1yg/askari-iron-men3.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>3D scanning, combined with careful studies of original photographs allowed CWGC to meticulously restore every detail.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 10px 10px 30px 10px;"></div> <p>To achieve this, sculptor James Stevenson studied specially commissioned photos of servicemen from various regions to capture their likeness. Great attention to detail was paid, right down to the clothing, weapons and equipment each would have had; be they an Intelligence Corps scout or an Arab rifleman.</p> <p>Such was the care, that restoration of these statues – which had no original designs or blueprints – posed a challenge. 3D scanning and careful comparisons of original photographs allowed damage and deterioration to be put right to within a millimetre.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/uiydnebh/askari-iron-men1.jpg?width=1001&height=683&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The detailed parts of these statues were replaced with millimetre precision thanks to the 3D scans.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 10px 10px 30px 10px;"></div> <p>And today, thanks to state-of-the-art technology, these striking memorials keep telling the story of those nameless men, for the next century.</p> </div> </p> </div> </div> <button class="accordion"> Baro War Cemetery <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">Friends in remote places</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/a4toyhzj/baro-1.jpg?width=1001&height=683&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">Baro WAR CEMETERY</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px 20px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> Baro, Nigeria <strong>Language:</strong> English <strong>Altitude:</strong> 57m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 1,331mm <br><strong>Temperature:</strong> 19°c - 41°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> Remote, isolated headstones</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>When it comes to Remembrance Day, and you bow your head in silence, you could be forgiven for not knowing about the village chief who helps make our work possible.</strong></p> <p>But in Nigeria, it’s just another part of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission’s work.</p> <p>Across the vast West African nation are a series of isolated headstones, mostly men who died of illness while stationed here in the First World War.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/445lqwe3/baro-3.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Without local help, it's almost impossible to locate the remote war graves at Baro Cemetery.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>Throughout the world, we rely on making strong relationships with those whose land our war graves lie in.</p> <p>In England, that often means vicars. In Canada, that can be farmers out in the prairie.</p> <p>In West Africa, that means building a relationship with village chiefs, like here in Baro Village with Alhaji Mohammed.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/rxpf2wbt/baro-4.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>It's customary to meet with the Baro Village Chief, here joined by Simon (left) and Lolu (right) of CWGC.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>Lolu Enabolu, CWGC’s Nigerian supervisor, helps us to build and maintain these vital connections on the ground. On his last visit to Baro with regional manager Simon Fletcher, the pair sat down for the customary tea and conversation with Alhaji, before being led to the war graves. Small formalities like this go a long way to gaining local trust.</p> <p>In these remote locations, you can never underestimate the importance of local trust.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/wdrpf3q4/baro-2.jpg?width=1001&height=683&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Here at <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/2105341/baro-cemetery/">Baro War Cemetery</a>, CWGC cares for the graves of two First World War soldiers.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>Another lone burial, that of Captain Haworth Massy, in Udi village, bears a powerful reminder of how World War history unites the world.</p> <p>Captain Massy, whose war grave is seen below with Lolu on his latest inspection, may appear to be buried in isolation in this quiet spot, a day’s drive south of the Nigerian capital, Abuja.</p> <p>But you can draw a line, 3,000 miles long, from this place to one of CWGC’s most visited locations – the Menin Gate, upon which is engraved his brother’s name.</p> <p>The two signed up for the same war. Though they died in very different ways, and at opposite ends of the world, the memory of their family’s loss is preserved forever by our global task.</p> <p>A job that we can only do by building strong local connections everywhere we go, whether it’s the vicar, the farmer, or the village chief – something worth trying to remember next 11 November.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/o03lyyuw/baro-7.jpg?width=1001&height=683&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Buried in Udi village is Cpt Massy, whose brother, Pte Massy is remembered on the Menin Gate.</em></p> </div> </div> </p> </div> </div> <button class="accordion"> Basra War Memorial <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">Cautious return to Iraq</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/fz4lhpns/basra1.jpg?width=1000&height=660&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">BASRA WAR MEMORIAL</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px 20px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> Habbaniya, Iraq <strong>Language:</strong> Arabic/Kurdish <strong>Altitude:</strong> 50m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 133mm <br><strong>Temperature:</strong> 8°c - 44°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> Security concerns</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>The challenge CWGC faces in Iraq is huge – it’s the equivalent of building a new Tyne Cot Memorial in the middle of the desert in a country where safe access can’t always be guaranteed. And that’s just looking at solving one of the 19 locations in the country we’re responsible for.</strong></p> <p>Most have been damaged or deteriorated due to recent conflicts. Sadly, Iraq is no stranger to war. During the First World War, then known as Mesopotamia, it was the scene of the Empire’s largest operations outside of Europe and saw its worst defeat at the Siege of Kut.</p> <p>Today Iraqis live with the fallout of more recent upheavals. The Commission has had to stop and start here on many occasions. In 1990 we formally withdrew. It was simply unsafe.</p> <p>In our absence, many sites have deteriorated. The soil in the region has such high levels of salt that, without preventative work, it seeps into headstones making them so brittle they can be virtually crumbled by hand.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/hzlhrveg/fourcorners-basra-moved.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The Basra Memorial on its original site (above) and new site (below).</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>The largest memorial in the country is the <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/88400/basra-memorial/" title="Basra Memorial">Basra War Memorial</a>. It originally stood at the side of the Shatt al-Arab River on the edge of the city but was moved in the late 1990s by Saddam Hussein’s regime into the desert.</p> <p>After decades without regular maintenance, the <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">war memorial</a> is showing signs of age. However, it’s not just repair works that are needed here – it’s missing 30,000 names, too, the equivalent of the Tyne Cot Memorial.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/mw0gwnqg/fourcorners-basradamage.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Damage to the name panels and structure on the Basra Memorial.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 35px 0px;"></div> <p>When first unveiled in 1929 the names of most of the men of the Indian Army who it commemorates were not accurate. <a href="/find-records/">War records</a> at the time hadn’t been properly compiled and the Commission could only be provided with the names of Indian officers, and British officers and men.</p> <p>Since then an accurate list of the names has since been compiled and all lie in the CWGC’s Iraq Roll of Honour, on display in the UK, waiting for a time when conditions on the ground allow a more permanent solution.</p> <p>However, there is hope. Step by step, progress is being made in Iraq. In 2012, during a gap in hostilities, <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/69700/kut-war-cemetery/" title="Kut War Cemetery">Kut War Cemetery</a> was completely renovated. Before and after images are a testament to success. In 2019, the most recent project has also succeeded.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/a0wgklqz/fourcorners-habbaniya2.jpg?width=1000&height=512&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Renovation work begins at Habbaniya War Cemetery.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/entd4u31/fourcorners-habbaniya1.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>View of the renovated cemetery with nearly 300 brand-new headstones installed by CWGC.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left;">Within the walls of <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/2014801/habbaniya-war-cemetery/" title="Habbaniya War Cemetery">Habbaniya</a>, a former RAF base that’s now operated by the Iraqi Army, the <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">war cemetery</a> was in almost complete disrepair. Now, nearly 300 brand new headstones have been installed and the entire site renovated, only made possible by finding a trusted local contractor.</p> <p> </p> <p>The Commission has to play the long game at times. When your task lasts forever, you never know what progress the future might bring.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/25ybrxps/fourcorners-basrarespects.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>CWGC staff pay their respects on an inspection trip to assess the condition of the Basra Memorial in 2017.</em></p> </div> </div> </p> </div> </div> <button class="accordion"> Ben More Assynt <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">THE UK's 'MOST REMOTE' WAR GRAVE</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/wmoaybxu/ben-more-7.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">BEN MORE ASSYNT</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> Ben More Assynt, Scotland <strong>Language:</strong> English <strong>Altitude:</strong> 655m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 974mm<strong><br>Temperature:</strong> -2°c - 17°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> Remote locations</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>Nowhere else in the UK is the challenge of access to war graves more obvious than in the Scottish Highlands and islands.</strong></p> <p>CWGC’s Scotland team often combine their commute with ferries and planes as they seek out isolated graveyards, far from the mainland. A bicycle can be an essential piece of kit when arriving on an island without cars to inspect remote headstones.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/5glk25s2/ben-more-3.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Remote islands like St Finan's Isle provide an extra challenge for our regular maintenance cycles.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 10px 10px 30px 10px;"></div> <p>The <a href="/find-records/find-war-dead/">war dead</a> they look after, include islanders who served and returned, only to die of injury or illness. Many are pilots or seamen who died in accidents or whose bodies were washed ashore, far from home.</p> <p>Maintenance trips are constantly rescheduled around narrow weather windows when it’s unsafe to land on small remote islands, like Fair Isle, where just a handful of war graves lie.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/vvznra41/ben-more-4.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>These beautiful locations can only be reached in narrow weather windows.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 10px 10px 30px 10px;"></div> <p>The Commission’s traditional Portland stone will hardly be found here. Granite is one of the few substances that stands a chance of surviving the climate.</p> <p>The challenge isn’t new – archive documents from 1945 show one former employee’s concerns that the vast spread was too much to handle.</p> <p>His preferred solution: an island-hopping gardener, equipped with a motorbike and a lawnmower in a sidecar.</p> <p>The difficulties in Scotland come high up in the mountains too.</p> <p>Three miles from the nearest road and more than two thousand feet above the nearest village, lies the isolated war grave of six airmen.</p> <p>They are buried on a rocky plateau near the summit of Ben More Assynt, 20 miles northeast of Ullapool.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/a5nn3qua/ben-more-2.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The old pile of stones marking the graves can be seen behind the disintegrating wreckage.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 10px 10px 30px 10px;"></div> <p>All of them died in April 1941 after their plane crashed. When their bodies were later found by a local shepherd, he buried them together using parts of their destroyed plane for a makeshift cross.</p> <p>By 1944 the Commission had arranged for a temporary <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">war memorial</a> cairn to be erected above the graves. It was unthinkable at the time to install anything more permanent in such a place.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/bmbd4jmf/ben-more-1.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The original Imperial War Graves Commission marker seen at the site of the crash.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 10px 10px 30px 10px;"></div> <p>To give families somewhere to mourn, a special war memorial was placed by the Commission in the nearest village of Inchnadamph. A slowly growing pile of stones, added to by the odd passing walker, was all that remained up on the high mountain slopes.</p> <p>And that would have been where the story ended.</p> <p>Until 2010, when a local mountain guide approached us. He had heard concerns the exact location of the crash site could get lost to time.</p> <p>And so, with the help of the MOD, a 600kg special CWGC granite marker was lowered into place by helicopter – possibly the most remote war grave in all of the UK.</p> <p> </p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/zcqgp0dt/ben-more-6.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The 600kg special grave marker was lowered into place in 2010 thanks to the support of the MOD.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/hschmbpd/ben-more-5.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The more permanent marker was installed to ensure the location of these graves is never forgotten.</em></p> </div> </div> </p> </div> </div> <button class="accordion"> Colmcille's Graveyard <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">Our one man in Ireland</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/xjjmyqd1/ireland-3.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">Colmcille's Graveyard</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px 20px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> County Kilkenny, Ireland <strong>Language:</strong> English / Irish <strong>Altitude:</strong> 34m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 879mm <br><strong>Temperature:</strong> -3°c - 21°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> War graves in disused churchyards</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>Ireland is a delicate place to work for an organisation that calls on people to look back on their history.</strong></p> <p>Even just half a generation ago, we would not have received the strength of goodwill that we do today. On our new regional manager’s first weekend in post, he was invited to a Remembrance Sunday commemoration ceremony at <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/91205/glasnevin-or-prospect-cemetery/">Glasnevin War Cemetery in Dublin</a>.</p> <p>There he heard a poignant and powerful speech by the President of the Irish Republic Michael D. Higgins calling for all victims of the World Wars to be commemorated and remembered.</p> <p>As with elsewhere, the work at hand here is about preserving a slice of heritage and allowing simple acts of individual remembrance.</p> <p>Our commitment here is sparse but no less important for it. Around a fifth of the war graves in the Republic of Ireland alone are on the grounds of churches which have since closed, become heritage sites or have found alternative use.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/13hpeppg/ireland-4.jpg?width=1000&height=362&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The flooded entrance to Colmcille's Graveyard and weathering to the civilian headstones typical of disused churchyards containing war graves.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>Some, like Colmcille’s Graveyard in County Kilkenny, are over a kilometre away from the nearest road. The only access takes you through muddy tracks and horse fields, making any visit feel like a voyage of discovery.</p> <p>The day-to-day maintenance in the Republic of Ireland is done on the Commission’s behalf by the Office of Public Works with whom we have been in partnership with for many decades. Without the need for gardening staff, we have only one employee permanently based there.</p> <p>It’s Malcolm Ross’s job to inspect the work and, more importantly, maintain and build the hundreds of local relationships that have kept our 5,500 war graves in order, across more than 1,000 locations.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/m3mdb0j0/ireland-1.jpg?width=1001&height=683&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Rural war graves such as these in Dugort, County Mayo, often boast dramatic backdrops.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>“If the topic comes up when I meet someone new, I make it clear I’m not here to talk politics or religion, we have one job to do and I always open conversations with the simple task at hand.”</p> <p>Malcolm then needs to deal with the sheer variety that comes from being our one man on the island.</p> <p><em>“One day I can be hiking around muddy fields, talking to farmers and trying to find a remote headstone in rural Offaly, the next I’m at a black-tie reception in central Dublin greeting ambassadors and defence attaches.”</em></p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/42ypkolg/ireland-6.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>A single First World War headstone stands among civilian graves in Kilcommock Old Graveyard.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>Reaching the long-abandoned Colmcille’s Graveyard is typical of the rural spots where you can find war graves and <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">war cemeteries</a> here.</p> <p>There are civilian graves, many showing the family names of the local village, which can be centuries old, carved in distinctive local stone. And among them, mostly made of Irish Blue limestone, are the war graves, our permanent <a href="/find-records/find-war-dead/">reminders of the war dead</a>.</p> <p>The history and politics of who and how they fought may remain a delicate matter, but their names are far from forgotten.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/izyjsv41/ireland-5.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Ruins in the grounds of Rathcooney Cemetery, County Kerry, show where the church once stood.</em></p> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <div style="position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%;"><iframe style="width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px;" frameborder="0" width="100%" height="100%" allowfullscreen="" allow="autoplay" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/q4RPEnW3Fzc" title="YouTube video player"></iframe></div> </p> </div> </div> <button class="accordion"> Gaza War Cemetery - four corners <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">An Oasis of calm</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/tfdnyyau/gaza-6.jpg?width=1000&height=630&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">Gaza WAR CEMETERY</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px 20px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> Gaza City <strong>Language:</strong> Arabic <strong>Altitude:</strong> 39m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 148mm <br><strong>Temperature:</strong> 9°c - 36°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> Missile strikes and power cuts</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>Despite missile strikes, power cuts and make do and mend machinery – <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">CWGC’s war cemeteries</a> in the Gaza Strip remain carefully tended oases of calm.</strong></p> <p>The region’s instability spills onto the global news on a weekly basis, impacting the daily lives of those who live and work there. But the Commission isn’t in the game of politics. We’re gardeners and guardians of heritage.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/pgwldjdg/gaza-2.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p><img src="/media/2ffaqzfe/gaza-4.jpg?width=1001&height=683&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Many times in the history of Gaza War Cemetery, the site has been caught in the crossfire.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 30px 0px;"></div> <p>When chaos reigns outside the walls of our cemeteries here, the local team does as much as they can to maintain a sense of calm and normality within.</p> <p>The setbacks they face are significant. Sometimes our sites get caught in the crossfire. <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/71701/gaza-war-cemetery/">Gaza War Cemetery</a> has been hit three times in the last decade alone; on one occasion nearly 300 headstones were damaged.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/rzxafwfx/gaza-5.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>On one occasion, nearly 300 headstones were destroyed by a stray missile.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 30px 0px;"></div> <p>A former gardener used to talk of once chasing armed militants away with his broom. Today, we insist staff look after themselves first. But even when things are calmer they face continual issues.</p> <p>The Gaza Strip suffers from major water and electricity shortages – a big problem when your job is maintaining a garden cemetery. The last time petrol ran out, staff modified machinery to run on gas.</p> <p>Just getting equipment through the tight border controls can be a problem. Something as simple as a replacement lawnmower can take months, sometimes years, to arrive.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/lonl4wuv/gaza-3.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Once it's safe to return, staff are quick to clean up and begin repairs.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 30px 0px;"></div> <p>In spite of all of this, our dedicated and resourceful team continue to do the Commission proud. On top of the impressive standards, the war cemeteries are used as a teaching spaces too.</p> <p>In an area where conflict and loss are all too fresh in people’s minds, team member Ibrahim Jaradah – the fourth generation of his family to work for us – guides groups of local children, reminding them that every life lost, no matter the cause, is something that should be remembered.</p> <p>He said: <em>“Our responsibility is not easy. Our task is to preserve these cemeteries against many challenges. We feel the weight of expectations, but we also feel the importance of our work.”</em></p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/zcihzrjm/gaza-1.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p><img src="/media/tanh2p1m/gaza-7.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Despite the difficulties our team in Gaza have created a real oasis of calm.</em></p> </div> </div> </p> </div> </div> <button class="accordion"> Kariokor War Cemetery <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">The problem of uninvited guests</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/w40hn5tt/kariokor-2.jpg?width=1001&height=533&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">Kariokor WAR CEMETERY</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px 20px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> Nairobi, Kenya <strong>Language:</strong> English / Swahili <strong>Altitude:</strong> 1,657m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 1,062mm <br><strong>Temperature:</strong> 12°c - 28°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> Site encroachment</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>Upon arrival at <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/2085701/nairobi-kariokor-cemetery/">Kariokor war cemetery</a>, our staff know there is still work to be done before they even open the gates. They can hear the tell-tale sound of a hammer and nail.</strong></p> <p>This isn’t their colleagues at work, making repairs. The sound they’re hearing is someone nailing out a taut animal hide to dry, just metres away from a war grave.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/m43hhv4c/kariokor-1.jpg?width=1001&height=571&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>A worker nails out animal hide within the grounds of CWGC's Kariokor Cemetery.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>It’s one of a few businesses which have set up shop, without permission, in the <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">war cemetery grounds</a> in the Nairobi suburb named after the Carrier Corps of the First World War, many of whom were recruited from this neighbourhood.</p> <p>Today, it’s where 59 African Second World War casualties are buried. Encroachment isn’t unique to Kenya. Around the world, as cities grow, many of the 23,000 locations at which we operate face challenges created by man-made expansion.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/x5gb1syd/kariokor-3.jpg?width=1000&height=640&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>CWGC technical supervisor Daniel Achini speaks to those who have taken to using the cemetery for their tanning business.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>At Kariokor, CWGC has been working carefully with local authorities to find the best long-term solution. One plan is to renovate the space into a memorial park, with more information to help people understand the history of the Africans buried there.</p> <p>A key partner in helping to spread that story is the Museums of Kenya. Their interest in Nairobi (Kariokor) Cemetery saw them bestow it with their highest level of historical importance and ‘gazette’ the whole site as a heritage asset, a part of Kenya’s history as well as that of the Second World War.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/j4qlcucm/kariokor-5.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>CWGC archive photo of Kariokor Cemetery.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>People trying to find space to set up their businesses aren’t the only uninvited visitors causing a problem for the Commission’s Kenya team.</p> <p>Another unwanted guest in nearby Nairobi War Cemetery is something most European gardeners have probably never thought of protecting themselves against – monkeys.</p> <p><em>“They come in and eat the plants,”</em> said Daniel Achini, our senior technical supervisor out in Nairobi.</p> <p><em>“The problem is that there is less food for them in the forest these days, so they come to the city looking for food. Our cemeteries are full of plants, lined up ready and waiting.”</em></p> <p>The plants that survive the monkey invasions need constant care in order to survive the region’s occasional droughts. Guarding against unwanted visitors and reacting to changing weather patterns are all just a part of what it takes to make sure those who died on this soil aren’t forgotten.</p> <p><em>“We know there’s still plenty of work to do,”</em> said Daniel, <em>“but, we’re on it.”</em></p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/itlhczlg/kariokor-4.jpg?width=1001&height=564&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>In Nairobi War Cemetery, monkeys often eat the plants, especially during the dry season when food is scarce.</em></p> </div> </div> </p> </div> </div> <button class="accordion"> King Tom War Cemetery <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">CIVIL WAR TO CIVIL ENGINEERING</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/0rwfzucr/king-tom-1.jpg?width=1002&height=683&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">KING TOM WAR CEMETERY</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px 20px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> Freetown, Sierra Leone <strong>Language:</strong> English <strong>Altitude:</strong> 10m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 2,945mm <br><strong>Temperature:</strong> 23°c - 33°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> Site at risk of collapsing into sea</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>“I spent most of Sunday morning lying on the floor of my room with the mattress propped against the window in case of flying glass. Throughout the morning there were repeated visits to the hotel from the rebel soldiers who shot at and robbed guests.”</strong></p> <p>This was the account of David Richardson, then a Commission horticulture manager, on a working visit to Freetown, Sierra Leone in 1997. Partway through his trip to oversee replanting and renovations at our <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">war cemeteries</a>, civil war broke out.</p> <p>He and other foreign visitors were holed up in their hotel for days until UN planes were able to evacuate them.</p> <p>Due to the sheer global scale of our work, world events occasionally impact us. Thankfully staff have never had as close a call as this since. The priority is always to ensure people’s safety. Stones and planting can be replaced. The long-term nature of our work allows us to bide our time when things become unsafe.</p> <p>By the noughties a gradual return to Sierra Leone was possible.</p> <p>Despite the forced absence, the main site in Freetown, <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/47323/freetown-king-tom-cemetery/">King Tom Cemetery</a>, was still in relatively good condition. Until a new threat emerged from the weather.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/ljmh1gj4/king-tom-2.jpg?width=1102&height=752&mode=max" alt="" width="1102" height="752"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The old sea wall at King Tom Cemetery seen to be collapsing after flash flooding.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 10px 10px 30px 10px;"></div> <p>Record rainfall in 2016 saw a deluge of water hit the cemetery. The sea defences were destroyed and the site was at risk of collapsing into the ocean.</p> <p>Against a backdrop of flooding and an outbreak of Ebola, we had to balance complex needs.</p> <p>One option only considered in extreme circumstances, would have been to exhume the war dead away from the coast to higher ground.</p> <p>But it would have been near impossible to get approval to dig up human remains during an epidemic, regardless of when they had died. Almost a quarter of the <a href="/find-records/find-war-dead/">war dead buried</a> in King Tom were killed by Spanish flu during the First World War. No one was going to question people’s nerves in the face of this new contagious disease – we had our own reminder of their costs.</p> <p><em>“The mayor also told us the cemetery had become part of Freetown’s heritage. So we respected local wishes and stuck to an engineering solution,”</em> said area director Rich Hills.</p> <p>It took time, but an answer to the problem was found, as well as an excellent local partner to completely rebuild a brand new sea wall.</p> <p><em>“It was one of the Commission’s most complicated engineering projects and we couldn’t have done it without local support. Making such a huge achievement in a country that we’d been evacuated from only a few decades earlier made it all the more poignant.”</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/wx3fm2se/king-tom-8.jpg?width=1099&height=616&mode=max" alt="" width="1099" height="616"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The complicated rebuild begins.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/g30oza1h/king-tom-5.jpg?width=1100&height=750&mode=max" alt="" width="1100" height="750"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The work went right up to the water's edge.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/1xypeix2/king-tom-7.jpg?width=1100&height=640&mode=max" alt="" width="1100" height="640"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Preparing the metal baskets.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/w15fxval/king-tom-6.jpg?width=1108&height=755&mode=max" alt="" width="1108" height="755"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The rubble-filled baskets protect the ground above while dissipating the force of the waves.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/xmknjv1f/king-tom-4.jpg?width=1100&height=750&mode=max" alt="" width="1100" height="750"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>King Tom's Cross of Sacrifice, now protected from collapse into the sea.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/r0fpelih/king-tom-3.jpg?width=1102&height=751&mode=max" alt="" width="1102" height="751"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Workers celebrate the completion of the new sea defences in 2018.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> </p> </div> </div> <button class="accordion"> Kranji War Cemetery - four corners <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">The danger of wild boar</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/5vch0gpx/kranji-1.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">Kranji WAR CEMETERY</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px 20px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> Singapore <strong>Language:</strong> English, Malay, Mandarin <strong>Altitude:</strong> 23m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 2,340mm <br><strong>Temperature:</strong> 24°c - 33°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> Wild boar, weather</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>Cracked headstones and torn-up turf, all courtesy of our least wanted guest in Singapore – wild boar.</strong></p> <p>The creatures prove a real problem for the Commonwealth War Graves Commission. The open land of <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/2004200/kranji-war-cemetery/">Kranji War Cemetery</a>, on the outskirts of the Asian city-state, is an appealing place for them.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/t05plnlg/kranji-2.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The tell-tale signs of wild boar damage. When a wild boar is spotted, our cemetery must be evacuated.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>For decades gardeners here have had to look out for boar and the damage they cause to the <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">war cemetery</a> they care for. More than 4,000 Second World War dead are buried here. Another 25,000 are named on a series of <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">war memorials</a>.</p> <p>From high up on this vantage point, you can look out and see where the Japanese Army came from on that fateful February of 1942, during the Battle of Singapore.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/wlebs2px/kranji-3.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Kranji War Cemetery's Cross of Sacrifice under construction after the Second World War.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>Christopher Leong, our head gardener at Kranji, is all too familiar with the challenges of preserving this reminder of all those lost lives.</p> <p>His team take seriously any sighting of wild boar, immediately evacuating the site.</p> <p>Specialist fencing runs deep underground to prevent all but the most determined of invaders from getting through.</p> <p>It’s not just animals that put pressure on this historic site. The weather plays its own part too, bringing trees down in the monsoon.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/uphiauhw/kranji-4.jpg?width=1001&height=535&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The grand Singapore Memorial, bearing more than 24,000 names, stands at the top of the cemetery.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>The <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/2053500/singapore-memorial/">Singapore Memorial</a> sits on the highest point of the hillside cemetery now. The iconic design pays tribute to the air force, navy and army – the wings of a plane, the fin of a submarine, and the rows of soldiers stood to attention.</p> <p>Weathering has already taken its toll on the memorial. CWGC is restoring the structure, tearing off the old waterproof layer on its roof, and replacing it with more robust modern materials.</p> <p>While the wild boar might be a dangerous visitor, the cemetery still draws in people wanting to pay their respects. Every year thousands turn out for the Remembrance Sunday service, just the kind of guests our founders had in mind, all those years ago.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/lsnhfwsd/kranji-5.jpg?width=1001&height=683&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <div style="position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%;"><iframe style="width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px;" frameborder="0" width="100%" height="100%" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" allow="autoplay" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/vL_w9MFj6uo" title="YouTube video player"></iframe></div> </p> </div> </div> <button class="accordion"> Niedpath War Cemetery <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">All on their own</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/2sgccd05/niedpath-6.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">Neidpath WAR CEMETERY</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px 20px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> Saskatchewan, Canada <strong>Language:</strong> English <strong>Altitude:</strong> 749m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 340mm <br><strong>Temperature:</strong> -22°c - 27°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> Huge geographic spread</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>In Canada, the Commission’s biggest issue is geography, simply put there’s an awful lot of it.</strong></p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"> <p>Covering all this ground to ensure every war grave remains in good condition is a time-consuming job. At times it calls for our local team to become intrepid explorers in their own country.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/mvpdv2az/niedpath-2.jpg?width=1001&height=579&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p><img src="/media/j34bzbhk/niedpath-3.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>These remote locations contain some of the hundreds of isolated headstones the CWGC return to every year.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>More than 1,700 locations – 60 per cent of our Canadian sites – contain just a single war grave. The long and cold Canadian winters mean that for more than half the year it’s not practical to reach them.</p> <p>When the weather allows, a typical day can take in a dozen or more remote and abandoned <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">war cemeteries</a> in rural country. Staff check for access, the condition of the stone and that the name remains clear, before heading onto the next.</p> <p>One of those is the war grave of Private Donald Pollock. He is buried next to his twin brother on the family’s isolated old farmstead, near the hamlet of Neidpath in Saskatchewan.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/yewegyx5/niedpath-5.jpg?width=1001&height=683&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>All around the world CWGC relies on local help to access remote war graves. Here, George Carlson often guides staff to this isolated headstone.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>The pair died on the same day, 15 November 1918. Donald had returned from the First World War bringing Spanish flu to their remote home. As he was still serving at the time of his death, Donald is commemorated by CWGC. His brother Alexander, a civilian, is at his side under a <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">private war memorial</a>.</p> <p>Finding this spot is only practical with the help of the current landowner. Hours of traipsing about with a GPS is replaced with a short ride on the back of his quad bike.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/ahpeh4db/niedpath-1.jpg?width=1001&height=683&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The final part of some visits often call for off-road transport, in this case, courtesy of the landowner.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>Dominique Boulais, of CWGC’s Canada and Americas Area, described his last inspection of the site: “There was only one padded seat and it was for the driver; I sat on the steel grill facing the back and receiving all the mud flying from the rear wheels and breathing the fumes from the exhaust pipe. I made sure I kept my mouth shut during the fifteen-minute ride.” Once there, in a dip between folds in the land, are the headstones of the twin brothers.</p> <p><em>“There wasn’t a single sound except the wind.”</em></p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><em><img src="/media/nzdp223g/niedpath-7.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></em></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Donald Pollock, buried on the right, lies next to his civilian brother. Both died of Spanish flu on the same day.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>The effect on families like the Pollocks, to have their son returned home from the First World War, only to later die of illness or injury, would have been devastating. That human cost has left a legacy for CWGC that comes with challenges that remain to this day.</p> <p>Across long distances the Commission continues to return to the homes of thousands of Canadian men like Private Pollock, one by one, making sure their sacrifice is remembered, for evermore.</p> </div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/rskhz5i5/niedpath-4.jpg?width=1002&height=683&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>One of the many remote markers CWGC cares for.</em></p> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <div style="position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%;"><iframe style="width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px;" frameborder="0" width="100%" height="100%" allowfullscreen="" allow="autoplay" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/b0XbJJdlVIk" title="YouTube video player"></iframe></div> </p> </div> </div> <button class="accordion"> Port Tewfik Memorial <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">CROUCHING TIGER, HIDDEN NAMES</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/qpiftv3g/port-tewfik-5.jpg?width=1004&height=684&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">PORT TEWFIK WAR MEMORIAL</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> Heliopolis, Egypt <strong>Language:</strong> Arabic <strong>Altitude:</strong> 61m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 25mm<strong><br>Temperature:</strong> 8°c - 39°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> Memorial destroyed and inaccessible</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>For more than half a century two crouching stone tigers stood, ready to pounce, at the mouth of the Suez Canal.</strong></p> <p>Their wide-open mouths and bared teeth called on the thousands who passed by to look up and recall the memory of more than 3,000 Indians who gave their lives in Egypt and Palestine during the First World War and have no known war grave.</p> <p>However, if you stood there today, you would never know. In the 1960s the sculpted tigers, along with the rest of the <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/143800/heliopolis-port-tewfik-memorial/">Port Tewfik War Memorial</a>, were destroyed beyond repair. Many of the bronze panels were stolen. Collateral damage in the Arab-Israeli War.</p> <p>It’s now one of a handful of CWGC sites that, in its original form, exists now only in photographs.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/xjkj1ehp/port-tewfik-4.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The original Port Tewfik Memorial overlooked the busy entrance to the Suez Canal.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/bwcdbwgi/port-tewfik-1.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="1001" height="682"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The Port Tewfik Memorial was caught in the crossfire of the 1967-73 Arab-Israeli War.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/qbhjikuh/port-tewfik-2.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The damage to the crouching tigers and Memorial was extensive.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 10px 10px 30px 10px;"></div> <p>There had been nods to the culture of those remembered there. The words chosen by CWGC’s first Literary Advisor, Rudyard Kipling, were carefully cast in bronze panels in English, Hindi, Urdu and Gurmukhi.</p> <p>However, no names appeared on the <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">war memorial</a> when it was unveiled in 1926, only the names of their units or regiments.</p> <p>The Commission had not been satisfied with the records of the missing provided by the army and colonial authorities and so no names were included. These were eventually obtained and included in the register.</p> <p>As well as being a war memorial to the missing Port Tewfik stood as a memorial to the Indian Army which served in Egypt and Palestine during the War. Its two crouching tigers, embodying the Indian Army, stood guard over the entrance to the Suez Canal, the vital artery of Empire.</p> <p>Imperial fortunes, however, would slowly wane. As Britain withdrew from lands it had once ruled, the commanding locations that had been chosen for memorials like this were suddenly harder to access.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/2jjdbotf/port-tewfik-3.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>A power mast was built next to the ruined Memorial, complicating any rebuild plans.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 10px 10px 30px 10px;"></div> <p>Following the memorial’s destruction in the 1960s, the Commission strove to restore it but by the 1970s, it became clear that a replacement memorial could not be built in the same location. On top of the area’s instability, a towering power mast had been hastily erected within metres of the ruins.</p> <p>After long debate, it was decided to build a new memorial within the grounds of <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/2018702/heliopolis-war-cemetery/">Heliopolis War Cemetery</a>, in a Cairo suburb, 75 miles east. The Commission took the opportunity to redress the historical inequality and so physically included the names on the new memorial, so now all 3,727 men are commemorated there.</p> <p>And now new tigers guard their memory. The symbolic spirit of the Indian Army was replicated in the new design with three bronze tigers placed at each of the <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">war cemetery’s</a> entrances.</p> <p>The tigers, still crouching; the names, no longer hidden.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/idllzqvn/port-tewfik-6.jpg?width=1006&height=686&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The symbol of the Indian Army, the original tigers were sculpted by Charles Jagger in 1925.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 10px 10px 30px 10px;"></div> </div> </p> </div> </div> <button class="accordion"> Ramleh War Cemetery <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">Constant repair and care</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/tx1j0xua/ramleh-1.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">Ramleh WAR CEMETERY</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px 20px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> Ramleh, Israel <strong>Language:</strong> Hebrew <strong>Altitude:</strong> 66m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 550mm <br><strong>Temperature:</strong> 9°c - 35°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> Weather and stone damage</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>You have to look closely to see where the scars have been repaired. Such is the care and skill used by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission’s (CWGC) teams in Israel, you’d often need to be told where the stonework has been altered. </strong></p> <p>On the Ramleh 1914-18 Memorial, at the heart of <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/72001/ramleh-war-cemetery/">Ramleh War Cemetery</a>, bullet marks from an incident last year by having been carefully restored and filled in. Most visitors would barely notice.</p> <p>It’s not just the stonework that needs care and attention here. CWGC’s Israeli sites take a beating from the weather.</p> <p>As with all over the world CWGC tries to use resources responsibly. Solar panels power the latest watering system as it ekes out every last drop to keep the grass as green as possible during the pounding heat of summer.</p> <p>One by-product of the hot weather is the sweet, ripe fruit that adorns the date palms in our cemeteries here – enough to make any European gardener jealous.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/gxyb3nae/ramleh-3.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Jerusalem War Cemetery shortly after construction, seen here before the city expanded.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 30px 0px;"></div> <p>The main sites in Israel were first constructed after the First World War. <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/142016/jerusalem-memorial/">Jerusalem War Cemetery</a> stood high up on the hills on the outskirts of the city, crowned by the Jerusalem Memorial with its iconic mosaic interior – designed by Robert Anning Bell to honour more than 3,000 <a href="/find-records/find-war-dead/">missing war dead</a>.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/e2xkkgln/ramleh-2.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The iconic mosaic interior in the Jerusalem Memorial's chapel.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 30px 0px;"></div> <p>Today, Jerusalem has grown up around the cemetery. Construction projects have temporarily impacted the main entrance. Overnight, drug users have taken to using the site, giving gardeners an extra clean-up duty in the mornings – all is cleared away quickly enough.</p> <p>Those who work here are still hugely proud. Nader Habesh, a sculptor by trade, has worked as a mason for the Commission in Israel for more than a decade.</p> <p>He said: <em>“I feel so proud to work for the Commission. Through our work, we have been able to save many pieces of stonework in Israel and Gaza. It’s an honour to preserve these respectful reminders.</em>” And if Nader’s done what he does best, you would barely know he’d done the work at all.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/skbh20kc/ramleh-4.jpg?width=1000&height=578&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The Jerusalem Memorial.</em></p> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <div style="position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%;"><iframe style="width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px;" frameborder="0" width="100%" height="100%" allowfullscreen="" allow="autoplay" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/k6eIZ7m6KcE" title="YouTube video player"></iframe></div> </p> </div> </div> <button class="accordion"> Thanbyuzayat War Cemetery <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">gardens of the death railway</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/4pxlo1da/thanbyuzayat-1.jpg?width=1001&height=520&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">Thanbyuzayat WAR CEMETERY</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px 20px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> Thanbyuzayat, Myanmar <strong>Language:</strong> Burmese <strong>Altitude:</strong> 23m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 2,378mm <br><strong>Temperature:</strong> 19°c - 41°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> Extreme weather</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>Pounding heat and flash floods – the weather in Myanmar poses the Commonwealth War Graves Commission its fair share of difficulties.</strong></p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"> <p>Our team here is responsible for maintaining nearly 12,000 graves, but the graves look a little different to those familiar with our work in Europe. Each one is marked by a bronze plaque set into the ground on a pedestal of stone.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/yloec5sb/thanbyuzayat-2.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>In Myanmar bronze plaques take the place of Portland headstones to better withstand the climate.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>These plaques weather better than Portland headstones in the intense heat and the rain of South East Asia.</p> <p>In Yangon – known to the British during the Second World War as Rangoon – we face opposing problems from the weather.</p> <p><a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/92001/rangoon-war-cemetery/">Rangoon War Cemetery</a>, in the busy city centre, gets regularly submerged by flash floods. Our gardeners have to sweep away debris on a daily basis in the rainy season.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/av0occnb/thanbyuzayat-7.jpg?width=1001&height=508&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The iconic Rangoon Memorial at the heart of Taukkyan War Cemetery.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>Yet just one hour away on the outskirts, at <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/92002/taukkyan-war-cemetery/">Taukkyan War Cemetery</a>, we face a constant battle against the parched ground in the brutally hot and dry weather.</p> <p>Taukkyan is a vast cemetery with almost 6,500 graves. They are carefully laid out in rows around the distinctive shape of the Rangoon Memorial, which lists almost 27,000 <a href="/find-records/find-war-dead/">missing war dead</a>.</p> <p>The <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">war memorial</a> is beginning to show signs of its age and we are preparing to restore it.</p> <p>In its shadow, lies a more recent row of bronze plaques. They sit in a special plot, naming the 16 men aboard Dakota KN584.</p> <p>The plane crashed in September 1945 killing all aboard. Only recently was it found they had been buried deep in the jungle, making recovery impractical. Instead, their relatives now have somewhere accessible to pay their respects with a row of special <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">memorials in our war cemetery</a>.</p> <p>The last of our three sites in Myanmar is Thanbyuzayat. The cemetery sits a stone’s throw from the end of the infamous death railway.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/b4zneqyc/thanbyuzayat-3.jpg?width=1001&height=683&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>A cross at the entrance to Thanbyuzayat, made from wooden sleepers on the death railway.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>This cross-country route was built by forced labour, including prisoners of war, during the Second World War, in often gruelling conditions. It has been said that a man died for every sleeper laid across the 415-kilometre (258 mi) route of the railway. Many of those who died, lie at rest in CWGC’s care.</p> <p>And as a reminder of what they went through, visitors to Thanbyuzayat will see a handmade wooden cross in the cemetery’s entrance, assembled out of those infamous railway sleepers by prisoners.</p> </div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/5wnpgoyc/thanbyuzayat-5.jpg?width=1002&height=684&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Our dedicated team in Myanmar.</em></p> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <div style="position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%;"><iframe style="width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px;" frameborder="0" width="100%" height="100%" allowfullscreen="" allow="autoplay" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/W_sK-8-vgvM" title="YouTube video player"></iframe></div> </p> </div> </div> <button class="accordion"> Tibilisi Bristish Cemetery <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">The WAR graves hidden in a garden</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/mmanof23/gerogia-1.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">Tbilisi British WAR CEMETERY</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px 20px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> Tbilisi, Georgia <strong>Language:</strong> Georgian <strong>Altitude:</strong> 479m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 510mm <br><strong>Temperature:</strong> -6°c - 32°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> Cemetery lost in Cold War</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>The closest you can ever get to visiting Tbilisi British War Cemetery is by knocking, politely, on the door of a Georgian family home, and being guided through to their back garden.</strong></p> <p>The <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">war cemetery</a> itself no longer exists. All that remains is a marker in this garden, installed by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission in 2000, to record where it is believed the cemetery once stood.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/3uynf1na/gerogia-2.jpg?width=1001&height=683&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The only indication of what lies in this garden is a small CWGC sign on this family's garage door.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>Shortly after the First World War, this is where 31 men’s stories ended. They were far from home, here to occupy the country on behalf of the Allied Powers while the post-war map of the world was still being drafted.</p> <p>The original grave markers have all been lost to time. Access to Georgia after 1919 was impossible for the Commission due to Communist rule.</p> <p>While a small group of remaining British ex-pats helped tend to the war cemetery into the 1930s, the Second World War and then the Cold War made it too challenging to sustain.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/witku0be/gerogia-4.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><em>By the time the Iron Curtain lifted, homes and gardens had been built over the site of the Tbilisi British Cemetery.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/s2kh2g5i/gerogia-5.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>This marker was installed in 2000 by CWGC to show where the Tbilisi British Cemetery once was.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>CWGC was stuck at arm’s length until well after the fall of the Iron Curtain. By the time we returned we were faced with the sprawling suburbs of Tbilisi, where there had once been an isolated cemetery.</p> <p>In the interim, we had not forgotten those men and their names were engraved on the Haida Pasha Memorial in Istanbul.</p> <p>Despite being 800 miles away from Tbilisi it was the nearest place where CWGC could guarantee long-term continued access. The shifting borders and political instability caused by the World Wars impacted our global task long after the conflicts ended.</p> <p>While world events have left us with this odd legacy of making a pilgrimage to a family garden, it’s not just the Commission’s team who visits this home. Dignitaries and relatives return every Remembrance Sunday to pay their respects after knocking, politely of course, on this Georgian family’s garage door.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/qqdnfpr3/gerogia-6.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <div style="position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%;"><iframe style="width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px;" frameborder="0" width="100%" height="100%" allowfullscreen="" allow="autoplay" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/8Ms378Y4TJk" title="YouTube video player"></iframe></div> </p> </div> </div> <button class="accordion"> Wayne's Keep <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">Gardening in the crosshairs</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/yn5hfsb5/waynes-keep2.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">Wayne's Keep: Nicosia War Cemetery</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px 20px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> Nicosia, Cyprus <strong>Language:</strong> Greek, Turkish <strong>Altitude:</strong> 159m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 324mm <br><strong>Temperature:</strong> 9°c - 34°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> Cemetery in buffer zone</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>Just getting to work is a real challenge for one of our Cyprus-based teams.</strong></p> <p>The <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">war cemetery</a> in question is less than an hour from our Mediterranean head office and sits just on the outskirts of the country’s capital.</p> <p>The difficulty comes from the important invisible lines that surround <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/2101910/nicosia-war-cemetery/">Nicosia War Cemetery</a>, or Wayne’s Keep as it’s often known.</p> <p>Since the 1970s the disputed border between the southern and northern parts of the island has run right across the cemetery.</p> <p>One side believes it sits in the buffer zone, and the other, that it sits firmly inside their territory.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/1idnmx1v/waynes-keep3.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>A UN escort is needed for any CWGC staff or contractors to enter Wayne's Keep.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>In places, the buffer zone is so untouched by human influence that species thought long extinct have been spotted.</p> <p>Throughout half a century of land disputes, the Commission’s commitment has been difficult but not impossible to fulfil. Within this sliver of no man’s land, we are tasked with maintaining the graves of more than 200 <a href="/find-records/find-war-dead/">Second World War dead</a> and a series of memorials.</p> <p>Next to them are close to 600 British military dead, servicemen stationed on the island after the War when it was still part of the British Empire or as part of the United Nations task force deployed to enforce the uneasy peace between north and south. CWGC continues to take responsibility for their graves on behalf of the MOD.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/dglkvryn/waynes-keep4.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p><img src="/media/jrfgsvdf/waynes-keep1.jpg?width=1001&height=683&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>When access is restricted the horticulture on site begins to suffer.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>To undertake even the most minor of work to the various sections of this cemetery, staff and contractors must gain special permission and be accompanied by a UN escort. Armed guards on the northern side are always present.</p> <p>Surely there are few other gardeners in the world who mow the lawn under such watchful eyes.</p> <p>As tensions rise and fall CWGC’s work continues to get caught in the mix. On more than one occasion people have been asked to leave the site by armed guards. For those living on the island, the presence of the border and the buffer zone is a part of daily life. We are in no position to challenge or question the wider situation.</p> <p>Instead, we must continue to work peacefully with all involved to ensure those buried in the crosshairs of today’s dispute are not forgotten.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/12mmbvhp/waynes-keep5.jpg?width=1001&height=683&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Borders full of colour are currently not possible to maintain due to limited access within the buffer zone.</em></p> </div> </div> </p> </div> </div> <button class="accordion"> Zehrensdorf Military Cemetery <div class="faq-icon"> <svg class="[ icon icon-arrow-right ]"> <use xlink:href="#sprite-icon-arrow-right"></use> </svg> </div> </button> <div class="panel"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <p> <h2 style="text-align: center;">BAck from destruction</h2> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 3px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/guvpmixr/zehrensdorf-10.jpg?width=1001&height=683&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> </div> <div style="width: 100%;"> <div style="width: 100%; background-color: #ffffff;"> <h2 style="width: 100%; font-size: 200%; color: #000000; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 20px 0px 20px; text-align: center;">Zehrensdorf Indian WAR CEMETERY</h2> <p style="width: 100%; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 20px 35px 20px; text-align: center;"><strong>Location:</strong> Wünsdorf, Germany <strong>Language:</strong> German <strong>Altitude:</strong> 76m <strong>Rainfall:</strong> 591mm <br><strong>Temperature:</strong> -8°c - 28°c <strong>Biggest challenge:</strong> Cemetery destroyed by tanks</p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <p style="text-align: left; font-size: 115%; line-height: 150%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;"><strong>Secluded in quiet woodland, next to an abandoned Soviet-era military base, 15 miles south of Berlin, lie the graves of 206 Indian servicemen of the First World War. Dotted between each headstone is a small burst of colour from the spread of flowers that are synonymous with our work.</strong></p> <p>Visitors would be forgiven for thinking <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/34721/zehrensdorf-indian-cemetery/">Zehrensdorf Indian War Cemetery</a> had always been this way.</p> <p>But when the Iron Curtain lifted in the 1990s the Commission was faced with a disaster zone. A World War and a Cold War had destroyed the <a href="/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/">war cemetery</a>. Not one headstone was left standing.</p> <p>Almost nothing remained of the peaceful space that had been created to remember these men.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/0o5fxwqh/zehrensdorf-8.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><em>After the fall of the Berlin Wall, CWGC returned to Zehrensdorf to find it completely destroyed.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>These Indian servicemen died while prisoners of war, captured by the Germans on the Western Front.</p> <p>They were held at two camps at Zossen-Zehrensdorf which included large numbers of Allied PoWs of African and Asian descent. They were ‘show camps’ with better conditions than others and included the German Empire’s first mosque built especially for the Muslim prisoners. Many prisoners were then the focus of studies by curious anthropologists, keen to research the international mix of captives.</p> <p>After the war, the Commission formalised the Indian cemetery at Zehrensdorf which formed part of a larger cemetery containing allied <a href="/find-records/find-war-dead/">war dead of the First World War</a>.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/d3ydxw5e/zehrensdorf-7.jpg?width=1000&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The original cemetery as it appeared before the Second World War.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>Old visitor books from the cemetery in the 1930s show the local fascination with these men from far-off lands continued between the wars, though comments were increasingly accompanied by Nazi sentiments.</p> <p>By the time the Second World War had drawn to a close, the Commission hoped it might be possible to return. But a new Cold War between East and West soon put an end to those hopes. We were only able to return long enough to find out that it was already damaged.</p> <p>Held firmly behind the Iron Curtain staff were unable to gain proper access.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/otpbuy2z/zehrensdorf-3.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Despite damage from tanks using the ground for training, the headstone beams and graves below were undisturbed.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>When they eventually returned after the Fall of the Berlin Wall they found the site had been all but wiped off the face of the Earth. But, underneath the overgrowth and debris, in spite of tanks using the area for training exercises, the beams that once held headstones were somehow intact.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/fofdq5gx/zehrensdorf-2.jpg?width=1001&height=621&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><em>Before repairs at Zehrensdorf could begin, unexploded ordnance had to be safely removed and the area cleared.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/p24pkc3z/zehrensdorf-5.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Brand new white Portland headstones replaced those that had been destroyed.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>One by one, once the area had been cleared of explosives, we were able to assure ourselves that no human remains had been affected. Each grave could still be marked in its original position. New headstones were produced, and great efforts were taken to ensure everything was replaced exactly.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/n3ngesgj/zehrensdorf-6.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><em>The old damaged Stone of Remembrance was donated to a nearby museum.</em></p> <p><img src="/media/5l0e5syr/zehrensdorf-4.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>The final piece in the restoration was installing a brand new seven-tonne Stone of Remembrance.</em></p> </div> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 25px 0px;"></div> <p>The final, heavy, piece of the puzzle was installing a brand new Stone of Remembrance – all seven tonnes of Portland stone. The only evidence that remains of the damage is the original Stone of Remembrance, preserved at a nearby museum.</p> <div style="padding: 0px 0px 15px 0px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;"> <p><img src="/media/frwpulp1/zehrensdorf-9.jpg?width=1001&height=682&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p><img src="/media/nmrjri5a/zehrensdorf-1.jpg?width=1000&height=502&mode=max" alt="" width="100%"></p> <p style="text-align: center; color: #000000;"><em>Zehrensdorf Indian Cemetery, post reconstruction, once again filled with colour.</em></p> </div> </div> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container narrow"> <h3 style="text-align: center; line-height: 160%;">"We are justifiably proud of the skills our teams have, their dedication and attention to detail constantly keep our historic estate in good condition and help develop the new processes to meet the increasing challenges we face"</h3> <div style="padding: 20px 50px 0px 50px; text-align: center;"><strong><a style="margin: 0px;" href="/our-work/caring-for-our-sites/horticulture/" title="Horticulture" class="button blue" data-anchor="#">GO TO HORTICULTURE</a></strong></div> <div style="padding: 20px 50px 0px 50px; 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