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language. Available in 33 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">dagiti 33 a pagsasao</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86" title="كومنولث الفلبين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كومنولث الفلبين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancomunid%C3%A1_Filipina" title="Mancomunidá Filipina – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mancomunidá Filipina" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filip%C3%ADnsk%C3%A9_spole%C4%8Denstv%C3%AD" title="Filipínské společenství – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Filipínské společenství" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancomunidad_de_Filipinas" title="Mancomunidad de Filipinas – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Mancomunidad de Filipinas" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_der_Philippinen" title="Commonwealth der Philippinen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Commonwealth der Philippinen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" title="Commonwealth of the Philippines – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Commonwealth of the Philippines" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancomunidad_Filipina" title="Mancomunidad Filipina – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mancomunidad Filipina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipina_Komunumo" title="Filipina Komunumo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Filipina Komunumo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipinetako_Mankomunitatea" title="Filipinetako Mankomunitatea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Filipinetako Mankomunitatea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B9_%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%86" title="مشترک‌المنافع فیلیپین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مشترک‌المنافع فیلیپین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_des_Philippines" title="Commonwealth des Philippines – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Commonwealth des Philippines" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancomunidade_Filipina" title="Mancomunidade Filipina – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mancomunidade Filipina" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%84%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%80_%EC%9E%90%EC%B9%98%EB%A0%B9" title="필리핀 자치령 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="필리핀 자치령" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persemakmuran_Filipina" title="Persemakmuran Filipina – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Persemakmuran Filipina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_delle_Filippine" title="Commonwealth delle Filippine – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Commonwealth delle Filippine" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99" title="חבר העמים הפיליפיני – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חבר העמים הפיליפיני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consortio_Insularum_Philippinarum" title="Consortio Insularum Philippinarum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Consortio Insularum Philippinarum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komanwel_Filipina" title="Komanwel Filipina – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Komanwel Filipina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemenebest_van_de_Filipijnen" title="Gemenebest van de Filipijnen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gemenebest van de Filipijnen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AA%E3%83%94%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9" title="フィリピン・コモンウェルス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フィリピン・コモンウェルス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wsp%C3%B3lnota_Filipin" title="Wspólnota Filipin – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wspólnota Filipin" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunidade_das_Filipinas" title="Comunidade das Filipinas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Comunidade das Filipinas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Содружество Филиппины – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Содружество Филиппины" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" title="Commonwealth of the Philippines – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Commonwealth of the Philippines" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82" title="Филипински комонвелт – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Филипински комонвелт" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filippiinien_yhteis%C3%B6" title="Filippiinien yhteisö – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Filippiinien yhteisö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filippinska_samv%C3%A4ldet" title="Filippinska samväldet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Filippinska samväldet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas" title="Komonwelt ng Pilipinas – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Komonwelt ng Pilipinas" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பிலிப்பீன்சு பொதுநலவாயம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பிலிப்பீன்சு பொதுநலவாயம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipin_Toplulu%C4%9Fu" title="Filipin Topluluğu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Filipin Topluluğu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Співдружність Філіппін – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Співдружність Філіппін" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%8Bnh_v%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_chung_Philippines" title="Thịnh vượng chung Philippines – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thịnh vượng chung Philippines" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E8%B3%93%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E9%82%A6" title="菲律賓自由邦 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="菲律賓自由邦" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q146328#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Urnosen dagiti silpo ti pagsasao" class="wbc-editpage">Urnosen dagiti silpo</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Dagiti 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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ilo" dir="ltr"><p>Ti <b>Mankomunida ti Filipinas</b> (<a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Filipino" title="Pagsasao a Filipino">Filipino</a>: <i lang="fil">Komonwelt ng Pilipinas</i>; <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_nga_Espaniol" title="Pagsasao nga Espaniol">Espaniol</a>: <i lang="es">Mancomunidad de Filipinas</i>) ket isu idi ti administratibo a bagi a nangituray ti <a href="/wiki/Filipinas" title="Filipinas">Filipinas</a> manipud idi 1935 aginggana idi 1946, malaksid iti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Esksilo_a_gobierno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esksilo a gobierno (awan ti panid)">paset ti panawen ti eksilo</a> iti <a href="/wiki/Maikadua_a_Sangalubongan_a_Gubat" title="Maikadua a Sangalubongan a Gubat">Maikadua a Sangalubongan a Gubat</a> manipud idi 1942 aginggana idi 1945 idi ti <a href="/wiki/Panangsakup_ti_Hapon_iti_Filipinas" title="Panangsakup ti Hapon iti Filipinas">Hapon ket sinakupna ti pagilian</a>. Daytoy ket sinukatanna ti <a href="/wiki/Insular_a_Gobierno_ti_Is-isla_ti_Filipinas" title="Insular a Gobierno ti Is-isla ti Filipinas">Insular a Gobierno</a>, ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teritorio_ti_Estados_Unidos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teritorio ti Estados Unidos (awan ti panid)">teritorial a gobierno ti Estados Unidos</a>, ken nabangon idi babaen ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tigbay_ti_Tydings%E2%80%93McDuffie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tigbay ti Tydings–McDuffie (awan ti panid)">Tigbay ti Tydings–McDuffie</a>. Naidesinio ti Mankomunidad a kas transisioonal nga administrasion iti panangisagana para iti napno a pannakagun-od ti wayawaya ti pagilian.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Iti las-ud ti kaaddana iti ad-adu ngem maysa a dekada, ti Mankomunidad ket addaan iti napigsanga <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ehekutibo_(gobierno)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ehekutibo (gobierno) (awan ti panid)">ehekutibo</a> ken maysa a Korte Suprema. Ti lehislaturana, kaaduan babaen ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Partido_Nacionalista&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Partido Nacionalista (awan ti panid)">Partido Nacionalista</a>, immuna idi a maymaysa kamara, ngem kanungpalan a nagbalin a dua kamara. Idi 1937, pinili ti gobierno <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Tagalog" title="Pagsasao a Tagalog">Tagalog</a> a kas ti pagsasao ti <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a> ken dagiti nakapalikmut a probinsia–kas ti batayan ti <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Filipino" title="Pagsasao a Filipino">nailian a pagsasao</a>,urayno adunton a panawen sakbay a sapasap ti pannakausarna. Naampon idi ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panagbutos_ti_babbai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panagbutos ti babbai (awan ti panid)">panagbutos ti babbai</a> ken nakarang-ay ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomia_ti_Filipinas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomia ti Filipinas (awan ti panid)">ekonomia</a> manipud kadagiti agpang iti <a href="/wiki/Nalatak_a_Depresion" title="Nalatak a Depresion">Depresion</a> sakbay iti panagsakup ti Hapon idi 1942. </p><p>Napan iti eksilo ti gobierno ti Mankomunidad manipud idi 1942 aginggana idi 1945, idi ti Filipinas ket sinaksakup babaen ti Hapon. Idi 1946, nagpatingga ti Monkomunidad ken nagtunton ti Filipinas iti napno a kinaturay kas inted iti Artikulo XVIII iti <a href="/wiki/Batay-linteg_ti_Filipinas#Mankomunidad_ken_Maikatlo_a_Republika_(1935)" title="Batay-linteg ti Filipinas">Batay-linteg ti 1935</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Const_1935_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Const_1935-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dagiti_nagibasaran">Dagiti nagibasaran</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mankomunidad_ti_Filipinas&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Urnosen ti seksion: Dagiti nagibasaran" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mankomunidad_ti_Filipinas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Dagiti nagibasaran"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r374282">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r391156">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFCastro2011" class="citation book cs1">Castro, Christi-Anne, Associate Professor University of Michigan (7 Abril 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uaZnkbiJbbYC&pg=PA204"><i>Musical Renderings of the Philippine Nation</i></a>. U.S.: Oxford University Press. p. 204. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(panangilasin)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (panangilasin)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Espesial:BookSources/978-0-19-974640-8" title="Espesial:BookSources/978-0-19-974640-8"><bdi>978-0-19-974640-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Naala idi <span class="nowrap">3 Hulio</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Musical+Renderings+of+the+Philippine+Nation&rft.place=U.S.&rft.pages=204&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2011-04-07&rft.isbn=978-0-19-974640-8&rft.aulast=Castro&rft.aufirst=Christi-Anne%2C+Associate+Professor+University+of+Michigan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuaZnkbiJbbYC%26pg%3DPA204&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Const_1935-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Const_1935_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190125112754/https://www.gov.ph/constitutions/the-1935-constitution/">"The 1935 Constitution"</a>. <i>Official Gazette</i>. Government of the Philippines. Pebrero 8, 1935. Naiyarkibo manipud iti <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.ph/constitutions/the-1935-constitution/">kasisigud</a> idi 2019-01-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Naala idi <span class="nowrap">2016-08-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Official+Gazette&rft.atitle=The+1935+Constitution&rft.date=1935-02-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.ph%2Fconstitutions%2Fthe-1935-constitution%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliograpia">Bibliograpia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mankomunidad_ti_Filipinas&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Urnosen ti seksion: Bibliograpia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mankomunidad_ti_Filipinas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliograpia"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cROcGAAACAAJ"><i>Philippine Legislature, 100 Years</i></a>, Philippine Historical Association, New Day Publishers, 2000, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(panangilasin)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (panangilasin)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Espesial:BookSources/971-92245-0-9" title="Espesial:BookSources/971-92245-0-9"><bdi>971-92245-0-9</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Philippine+Legislature%2C+100+Years&rft.pub=Philippine+Historical+Association%2C+New+Day+Publishers&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=971-92245-0-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcROcGAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFAgoncilloGuerrero1970" class="citation cs2">Agoncillo, Teodoro A; Guerrero, Milagros (1970), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VTwMAAAAIAAJ&pgis=1"><i>History of the Filipino People</i></a>, Malaya Books<span class="reference-accessdate">, naala idi <span class="nowrap">2007-12-28</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Filipino+People&rft.pub=Malaya+Books&rft.date=1970&rft.aulast=Agoncillo&rft.aufirst=Teodoro+A&rft.au=Guerrero%2C+Milagros&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVTwMAAAAIAAJ%26pgis%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFDolan1991" class="citation cs2">Dolan, Ronald E, ed. (1991), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/philippines/23.htm">"Economic Relations with the United States"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/philippines/"><i>Philippines: A Country Study</i></a>, Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress<span class="reference-accessdate">, naala idi <span class="nowrap">2007-12-28</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Economic+Relations+with+the+United+States&rft.btitle=Philippines%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.place=Washington&rft.pub=GPO+for+the+Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1991&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Fphilippines%2F23.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFGin_Ooi2004" class="citation cs2">Gin Ooi, Keat (2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QKgraWbb7yoC"><i>Southeast Asia: a historical encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor</i></a>, ABC-CLIO, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(panangilasin)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (panangilasin)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Espesial:BookSources/978-1-57607-770-2" title="Espesial:BookSources/978-1-57607-770-2"><bdi>978-1-57607-770-2</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Southeast+Asia%3A+a+historical+encyclopedia%2C+from+Angkor+Wat+to+East+Timor&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-57607-770-2&rft.aulast=Gin+Ooi&rft.aufirst=Keat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQKgraWbb7yoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFHayden1942" class="citation cs2">Hayden, Joseph Ralston (1942), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yOUBAAAAMAAJ&pgis=1"><i>The Philippines, a Study in National Development</i></a>, Macmillan<span class="reference-accessdate">, naala idi <span class="nowrap">2007-12-28</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Philippines%2C+a+Study+in+National+Development&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1942&rft.aulast=Hayden&rft.aufirst=Joseph+Ralston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyOUBAAAAMAAJ%26pgis%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFLacsamana1990" class="citation cs2">Lacsamana, Leodivico Cruz (1990), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Wb53AAAACAAJ"><i>Philippine History and Government</i></a>, Phoenix, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(panangilasin)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (panangilasin)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Espesial:BookSources/971-06-1894-6" title="Espesial:BookSources/971-06-1894-6"><bdi>971-06-1894-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, naala idi <span class="nowrap">2007-12-28</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Philippine+History+and+Government&rft.pub=Phoenix&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=971-06-1894-6&rft.aulast=Lacsamana&rft.aufirst=Leodivico+Cruz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWb53AAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFRocesLunaArcilla1986" class="citation cs2">Roces; Luna, Juan Luis Z Jr; Arcilla, Reynaldo (1986), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TI9GHAAACAAJ"><i>RR Philippine almanac: book of facts</i></a>, Ramon Roces y Pardo</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=RR+Philippine+almanac%3A+book+of+facts&rft.pub=Ramon+Roces+y+Pardo&rft.date=1986&rft.au=Roces&rft.au=Luna%2C+Juan+Luis+Z+Jr&rft.au=Arcilla%2C+Reynaldo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTI9GHAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFSeekins1991" class="citation cs2">Seekins, Donald M (1991), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/philippines/20.htm">"The Commonwealth"</a>, iti Dolan, Ronald E (ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/philippines/"><i>Philippines: A Country Study</i></a>, Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress<span class="reference-accessdate">, naala idi <span class="nowrap">2007-12-28</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Commonwealth&rft.btitle=Philippines%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.place=Washington&rft.pub=GPO+for+the+Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Seekins&rft.aufirst=Donald+M&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Fphilippines%2F20.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFSeekins1991b" class="citation cs2">Seekins, Donald M (1991b), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/philippines/21.htm">"World War II"</a>, iti Dolan, Ronald E (ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/philippines/"><i>Philippines: A Country Study</i></a>, Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress<span class="reference-accessdate">, naala idi <span class="nowrap">2007-12-28</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=World+War+II&rft.btitle=Philippines%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.place=Washington&rft.pub=GPO+for+the+Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Seekins&rft.aufirst=Donald+M&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Fphilippines%2F21.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFWeir1998" class="citation cs2">Weir, Fraser (1998), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ualberta.ca/~vmitchel/fw5.html">"American Colony and Philippine Commonwealth 1901–1941"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ualberta.ca/~vmitchel/"><i>A Centennial History of Philippine Independence, 1898–1998</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, naala idi <span class="nowrap">2007-12-28</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=American+Colony+and+Philippine+Commonwealth+1901%E2%80%931941&rft.btitle=A+Centennial+History+of+Philippine+Independence%2C+1898%E2%80%931998&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Weir&rft.aufirst=Fraser&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ualberta.ca%2F~vmitchel%2Ffw5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFZaide1994" class="citation cs2">Zaide, Sonia M (1994), <i>The Philippines: A Unique Nation</i>, All-Nations, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(panangilasin)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (panangilasin)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Espesial:BookSources/971-642-071-4" title="Espesial:BookSources/971-642-071-4"><bdi>971-642-071-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Philippines%3A+A+Unique+Nation&rft.pub=All-Nations&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=971-642-071-4&rft.aulast=Zaide&rft.aufirst=Sonia+M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dagiti_silpo_ti_ruar">Dagiti silpo ti ruar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mankomunidad_ti_Filipinas&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Urnosen ti seksion: Dagiti silpo ti ruar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mankomunidad_ti_Filipinas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Dagiti silpo ti ruar"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFKalaw" class="citation cs2">Kalaw, Maximo, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090212161414/http://www.filipiniana.net/ArtifactView.do?artifactID=MCH000000004"><i>The Present Government of the Philippines</i></a> (book), Filipiniana, naiyarkibo manipud iti <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filipiniana.net/ArtifactView.do?artifactID=MCH000000004">kasisigud</a> idi 2009-02-12<span class="reference-accessdate">, naala idi <span class="nowrap">2016-08-19</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Present+Government+of+the+Philippines&rft.pub=Filipiniana&rft.aulast=Kalaw&rft.aufirst=Maximo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filipiniana.net%2FArtifactView.do%3FartifactID%3DMCH000000004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span>, detailing the functions of the different branches of the Philippine Commonwealth.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.houseofdavid.ca/frnlus.htm"><i>Parallel and Divergent Aspects of British Rule in the Raj, French Rule in Indochina, Dutch Rule in the Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia), and American Rule in the Philippines</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada">CA</a>: House of David</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Parallel+and+Divergent+Aspects+of+British+Rule+in+the+Raj%2C+French+Rule+in+Indochina%2C+Dutch+Rule+in+the+Netherlands+East+Indies+%28Indonesia%29%2C+and+American+Rule+in+the+Philippines&rft.place=CA&rft.pub=House+of+David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.houseofdavid.ca%2Ffrnlus.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303211931/http://www.archontology.org/nations/philippines/01_polity.php"><i>Philippines: Polity Style: 1897–2009</i></a>, Archontology, naiyarkibo manipud iti <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archontology.org/nations/philippines/01_polity.php">kasisigud</a> idi 2016-03-03<span class="reference-accessdate">, naala idi <span class="nowrap">2016-08-19</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Philippines%3A+Polity+Style%3A+1897%E2%80%932009&rft.pub=Archontology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.archontology.org%2Fnations%2Fphilippines%2F01_polity.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160714041305/http://www.gov.ph/the-commonwealth-of-the-philippines/"><i>The Commonwealth of the Philippines</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Filipinas" title="Filipinas">PH</a>: Government, naiyarkibo manipud iti <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.ph/the-commonwealth-of-the-philippines/">kasisigud</a> idi 2016-07-14<span class="reference-accessdate">, naala idi <span class="nowrap">2016-08-19</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Commonwealth+of+the+Philippines&rft.place=PH&rft.pub=Government&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.ph%2Fthe-commonwealth-of-the-philippines%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3AMankomunidad+ti+Filipinas" class="Z3988"></span>.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Naala manipud iti "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mankomunidad_ti_Filipinas&oldid=397432">https://ilo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mankomunidad_ti_Filipinas&oldid=397432</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Espesial:Categories" 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