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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Chitosan</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">15,641 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Chitosan</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Chitosan">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6507587" data-work_id="6507587" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6507587/Chitosan_and_Chitosan_Ethylene_Oxide_Propylene_Oxide_Block_Copolymer_Nanoparticles_as_Novel_Carriers_for_Proteins_and_Vaccines">Chitosan and Chitosan/Ethylene Oxide-Propylene Oxide Block Copolymer Nanoparticles as Novel Carriers for Proteins and Vaccines</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Purpose. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between the components of novel chitosan (CS) and CS/ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer (PEO-PPO) nanoparticles and to evaluate their potential for the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6507587" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between the components of novel chitosan (CS) and CS/ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer (PEO-PPO) nanoparticles and to evaluate their potential for the association and controlled release of proteins and vaccines. Methods. The presence of PEO-PPO on the surface of the nanoparticles and its interaction with the CS was identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The mechanism of protein association was elucidated using several proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and tetanus and diphtheria toxoids, and varying the formulation conditions (different pH values and concentrations of PEO-PPO), and the stage of protein incorporation into the nanoparticles formation medium. Results. BSA and tetanus and diphtheria toxoids were highly associated with CS nanoparticles partly due to electrostatic interactions between the carboxyl groups of the protein and the amine groups of CS. PEO-PPO also interacted electrostatically with CS, thus competing with the proteins for association with CS nanoparticles. A visible amount of PEO-PPO was projected towards the outer phase of the nanoparticles. Proteins were released from the nanoparticles at an almost constant rate, the intensity of which was closely related to the protein loading. Furthermore, the tetanus vaccine was released in the active form for at least 15 days. Conclusions. CS and CS/PEO-PPO nanoparticles prepared by a very mild ionic crosslinking technique are novel and suitable systems for the entrapment and controlled release of proteins and vaccines.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6507587" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ed647cb6d5e702f9a7bd45a63d46c538" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48836324,"asset_id":6507587,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48836324/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10379063" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CarmenRemu%C3%B1%C3%A1nL%C3%B3pez">Carmen Remuñán López</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10379063" type="text/json">{"id":10379063,"first_name":"Carmen","last_name":"Remuñán López","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CarmenRemuñánLópez","display_name":"Carmen Remuñán López","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CarmenRemu%C3%B1%C3%A1nL%C3%B3pez?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10379063/4583673/5300689/s65_carmen.remu_n_l_pez.jpg_oh_3d0bb3319ab2bfead42c711d5c0a2109_oe_5492485a___gda___1419012184_e3db371aaaf4fd686af690f8b3079c97"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6507587 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6507587"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6507587, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6507587", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6507587]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6507587").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6507587").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6507587"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2184" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Microscopy">Electron Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2184" type="text/json">{"id":2184,"name":"Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4365" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaccines">Vaccines</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4365" type="text/json">{"id":4365,"name":"Vaccines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaccines?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48319" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Block_Copolymer">Block Copolymer</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="48319" type="text/json">{"id":48319,"name":"Block Copolymer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Block_Copolymer?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6507587]'), work: {"id":6507587,"title":"Chitosan and Chitosan/Ethylene Oxide-Propylene Oxide Block Copolymer Nanoparticles as Novel Carriers for Proteins and Vaccines","created_at":"2014-03-22T11:02:41.353-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6507587/Chitosan_and_Chitosan_Ethylene_Oxide_Propylene_Oxide_Block_Copolymer_Nanoparticles_as_Novel_Carriers_for_Proteins_and_Vaccines?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_6507587","summary":"Purpose. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between the components of novel chitosan (CS) and CS/ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer (PEO-PPO) nanoparticles and to evaluate their potential for the association and controlled release of proteins and vaccines. Methods. The presence of PEO-PPO on the surface of the nanoparticles and its interaction with the CS was identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The mechanism of protein association was elucidated using several proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and tetanus and diphtheria toxoids, and varying the formulation conditions (different pH values and concentrations of PEO-PPO), and the stage of protein incorporation into the nanoparticles formation medium. Results. BSA and tetanus and diphtheria toxoids were highly associated with CS nanoparticles partly due to electrostatic interactions between the carboxyl groups of the protein and the amine groups of CS. PEO-PPO also interacted electrostatically with CS, thus competing with the proteins for association with CS nanoparticles. A visible amount of PEO-PPO was projected towards the outer phase of the nanoparticles. Proteins were released from the nanoparticles at an almost constant rate, the intensity of which was closely related to the protein loading. Furthermore, the tetanus vaccine was released in the active form for at least 15 days. Conclusions. CS and CS/PEO-PPO nanoparticles prepared by a very mild ionic crosslinking technique are novel and suitable systems for the entrapment and controlled release of proteins and vaccines.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48836324,"asset_id":6507587,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10379063,"first_name":"Carmen","last_name":"Remuñán López","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CarmenRemuñánLópez","display_name":"Carmen Remuñán López","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CarmenRemu%C3%B1%C3%A1nL%C3%B3pez?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10379063/4583673/5300689/s65_carmen.remu_n_l_pez.jpg_oh_3d0bb3319ab2bfead42c711d5c0a2109_oe_5492485a___gda___1419012184_e3db371aaaf4fd686af690f8b3079c97"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2184,"name":"Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":4365,"name":"Vaccines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaccines?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":48319,"name":"Block Copolymer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Block_Copolymer?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":64660,"name":"Controlled release","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Controlled_release?f_ri=9130"},{"id":92325,"name":"Biopolymers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biopolymers?f_ri=9130"},{"id":95655,"name":"Pharmaceutical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutical?f_ri=9130"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=9130"},{"id":181569,"name":"Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proteins?f_ri=9130"},{"id":260829,"name":"Cattle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cattle?f_ri=9130"},{"id":390245,"name":"Particle Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Size?f_ri=9130"},{"id":905806,"name":"Electron Probe Microanalysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Probe_Microanalysis?f_ri=9130"},{"id":907131,"name":"Polyethylenes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polyethylenes?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1031068,"name":"Drug Carriers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Carriers?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1137107,"name":"Delayed-Action Preparations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Delayed-Action_Preparations?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1169238,"name":"Chitin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitin?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1197055,"name":"Polypropylenes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polypropylenes?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1250233,"name":"Tetanus Toxoid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tetanus_Toxoid?f_ri=9130"},{"id":2349258,"name":"Serum albumin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Serum_albumin?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8083955" data-work_id="8083955" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest 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data-download="{"attachment_id":48219882,"asset_id":8083955,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48219882/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15632026" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IzaskunMara%C3%B1on">Izaskun Marañon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15632026" 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window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_8083955"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_8083955 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8083955"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8083955; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8083955]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8083955").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8083955").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8083955"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4542" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Probiotics">Probiotics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4542" type="text/json">{"id":4542,"name":"Probiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Probiotics?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14907" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_Biotechnology">Industrial Biotechnology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14907" type="text/json">{"id":14907,"name":"Industrial Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_Biotechnology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8083955]'), work: {"id":8083955,"title":"Microencapsulation of a probiotic and prebiotic in alginate-chitosan capsules improves survival in simulated gastro-intestinal conditions","created_at":"2014-08-25T16:23:18.052-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8083955/Microencapsulation_of_a_probiotic_and_prebiotic_in_alginate_chitosan_capsules_improves_survival_in_simulated_gastro_intestinal_conditions?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_8083955","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48219882,"asset_id":8083955,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15632026,"first_name":"Izaskun","last_name":"Marañon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IzaskunMarañon","display_name":"Izaskun Marañon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IzaskunMara%C3%B1on?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":4542,"name":"Probiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Probiotics?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":14907,"name":"Industrial Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_Biotechnology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":18329,"name":"Prebiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prebiotics?f_ri=9130"},{"id":31632,"name":"Food Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Microbiology?f_ri=9130"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=9130"},{"id":106368,"name":"Lactobacillus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lactobacillus?f_ri=9130"},{"id":387484,"name":"Alginates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alginates?f_ri=9130"},{"id":537759,"name":"Gastrointestinal Tract","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gastrointestinal_Tract?f_ri=9130"},{"id":573653,"name":"Food Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences?f_ri=9130"},{"id":988943,"name":"Microbial Viability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbial_Viability?f_ri=9130"},{"id":995181,"name":"Capsules","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Capsules?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1135812,"name":"Drug Compounding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Compounding?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1293961,"name":"Bifidobacterium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bifidobacterium?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_78920041" data-work_id="78920041" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/78920041/Molecular_interactions_study_in_polymer_blends_of_chitosan_Ch_polyvinyl_pyrrolidone_PVP_in_a_buffer_solution_within_303_15_K_323_15_K">Molecular interactions study in polymer blends of chitosan(Ch)/polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP) in a buffer solution, within 303.15 K-323.15 K</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Ultrasonic investigations of molecular interactions of polymer blends of chitosan (Ch)/ polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), in a buffer solution (0.1 M acetic acid + 0.2 M sodium acetate) have been reported within the temperature range 303.15... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_78920041" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Ultrasonic investigations of molecular interactions of polymer blends of chitosan (Ch)/ polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), in a buffer solution (0.1 M acetic acid + 0.2 M sodium acetate) have been reported within the temperature range 303.15 K-323.15 K. Several acoustic parameters such as acoustic impedance, isothermal compressibility, adiabatic compressibility, internal pressure have been determined. Various thermo-dynamical parameters viz; pseudo-Gruneisen parameter and surface tension have been evaluated. Some thermo-elastic parameters such as bulk modulus, shear modulus and Young's modulus are also computed. The non-ideal behaviour of the blend, in the buffer solution has been explained in terms of its composition and temperature variation of acoustical and thermo-dynamical parameters. The reliability model for polymer blends of chitosan (Ch)/ polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) has also been proposed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/78920041" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="499ac0b30491db500980d29f1acab471" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":85806671,"asset_id":78920041,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85806671/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3560279" href="https://canbridgelearning.academia.edu/DevinderPalSingh">Devinder Pal Singh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3560279" type="text/json">{"id":3560279,"first_name":"Devinder Pal","last_name":"Singh","domain_name":"canbridgelearning","page_name":"DevinderPalSingh","display_name":"Devinder Pal Singh","profile_url":"https://canbridgelearning.academia.edu/DevinderPalSingh?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3560279/1231028/3937602/s65_devinder_pal.singh.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_78920041 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="78920041"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 78920041, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_78920041", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_78920041 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 78920041; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_78920041"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_78920041 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="78920041"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 78920041; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=78920041]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_78920041").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_78920041").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="78920041"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29657" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Blends">Polymer Blends</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29657" type="text/json">{"id":29657,"name":"Polymer Blends","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Blends?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="214807" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bulk_Modulus">Bulk Modulus</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="214807" type="text/json">{"id":214807,"name":"Bulk Modulus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bulk_Modulus?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="350922" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Youngs_modulus">Young's modulus</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="350922" type="text/json">{"id":350922,"name":"Young's modulus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Youngs_modulus?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=78920041]'), work: {"id":78920041,"title":"Molecular interactions study in polymer blends of chitosan(Ch)/polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP) in a buffer solution, within 303.15 K-323.15 K","created_at":"2022-05-10T05:09:50.504-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/78920041/Molecular_interactions_study_in_polymer_blends_of_chitosan_Ch_polyvinyl_pyrrolidone_PVP_in_a_buffer_solution_within_303_15_K_323_15_K?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_78920041","summary":"Ultrasonic investigations of molecular interactions of polymer blends of chitosan (Ch)/ polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), in a buffer solution (0.1 M acetic acid + 0.2 M sodium acetate) have been reported within the temperature range 303.15 K-323.15 K. Several acoustic parameters such as acoustic impedance, isothermal compressibility, adiabatic compressibility, internal pressure have been determined. Various thermo-dynamical parameters viz; pseudo-Gruneisen parameter and surface tension have been evaluated. Some thermo-elastic parameters such as bulk modulus, shear modulus and Young's modulus are also computed. The non-ideal behaviour of the blend, in the buffer solution has been explained in terms of its composition and temperature variation of acoustical and thermo-dynamical parameters. The reliability model for polymer blends of chitosan (Ch)/ polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) has also been proposed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":85806671,"asset_id":78920041,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3560279,"first_name":"Devinder Pal","last_name":"Singh","domain_name":"canbridgelearning","page_name":"DevinderPalSingh","display_name":"Devinder Pal Singh","profile_url":"https://canbridgelearning.academia.edu/DevinderPalSingh?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3560279/1231028/3937602/s65_devinder_pal.singh.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":29657,"name":"Polymer Blends","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Blends?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":214807,"name":"Bulk Modulus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bulk_Modulus?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":350922,"name":"Young's modulus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Youngs_modulus?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":365038,"name":"Ultrasonic velocity studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ultrasonic_velocity_studies?f_ri=9130"},{"id":394521,"name":"Surface Tension","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_Tension?f_ri=9130"},{"id":669596,"name":"Internal Pressure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internal_Pressure?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1378811,"name":"Thermodynamical Parameters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermodynamical_Parameters?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1378812,"name":"Acoustical Parameters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustical_Parameters?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1458758,"name":"Molecular Interactions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Interactions?f_ri=9130"},{"id":3591711,"name":"buffered solutions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/buffered_solutions?f_ri=9130"},{"id":3707333,"name":"isothermal compressibility ","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/isothermal_compressibility-1?f_ri=9130"},{"id":3776408,"name":"Acoustic Impedance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Impedance?f_ri=9130"},{"id":3857276,"name":"adiabatic compressibility","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/adiabatic_compressibility?f_ri=9130"},{"id":3863903,"name":"pseudo-Gruneisen parameter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/pseudo_Gruneisen_parameter?f_ri=9130"},{"id":3866003,"name":"Ultrasonic investigations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ultrasonic_investigations?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17696046" data-work_id="17696046" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17696046/Potential_pre_concentration_methods_for_Nannochloropsis_gaditana_and_a_comparative_study_of_pre_concentrated_sample_properties">Potential pre-concentration methods for Nannochloropsis gaditana and a comparative study of pre-concentrated sample properties</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17696046" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f8f5f6f2c2fb3ada4abbaba7b2989e81" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39662022,"asset_id":17696046,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39662022/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37614252" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Sema%C5%9Eirin">Sema Şirin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37614252" type="text/json">{"id":37614252,"first_name":"Sema","last_name":"Şirin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SemaŞirin","display_name":"Sema Şirin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Sema%C5%9Eirin?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17696046 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17696046"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17696046, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17696046", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17696046 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17696046; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_17696046"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_17696046 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17696046"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17696046; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17696046]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17696046").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17696046").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17696046"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7598" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rheology">Rheology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7598" type="text/json">{"id":7598,"name":"Rheology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rheology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calcium">Calcium</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9534" type="text/json">{"id":9534,"name":"Calcium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calcium?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28235" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary">Multidisciplinary</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28235" type="text/json">{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17696046]'), work: {"id":17696046,"title":"Potential pre-concentration methods for Nannochloropsis gaditana and a comparative study of pre-concentrated sample properties","created_at":"2015-11-03T22:20:04.748-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17696046/Potential_pre_concentration_methods_for_Nannochloropsis_gaditana_and_a_comparative_study_of_pre_concentrated_sample_properties?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_17696046","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39662022,"asset_id":17696046,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37614252,"first_name":"Sema","last_name":"Şirin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SemaŞirin","display_name":"Sema Şirin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Sema%C5%9Eirin?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7598,"name":"Rheology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rheology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9534,"name":"Calcium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calcium?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":54182,"name":"Biofuels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biofuels?f_ri=9130"},{"id":70902,"name":"Magnesium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnesium?f_ri=9130"},{"id":96172,"name":"Flocculation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flocculation?f_ri=9130"},{"id":109384,"name":"Viscosity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viscosity?f_ri=9130"},{"id":390245,"name":"Particle Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Size?f_ri=9130"},{"id":751268,"name":"Stramenopiles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stramenopiles?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1137254,"name":"Hydrogen-Ion Concentration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogen-Ion_Concentration?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10334021" data-work_id="10334021" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10334021/Physiological_activities_of_chitosan_and_N_trimethyl_chitosan_chloride_in_U937_and_3T3_L1_cells">Physiological activities of chitosan and N-trimethyl chitosan chloride in U937 and 3T3-L1 cells</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Chitosan (CH) is a biopolymer with biocompatible, biodegradable, and bioactive properties.N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC) is a quaternized form of CH that is highly cationic and more water soluble than unmodified CH. The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10334021" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Chitosan (CH) is a biopolymer with biocompatible, biodegradable, and bioactive properties.N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan<br />chloride (TMC) is a quaternized form of CH that is highly cationic and more water soluble than unmodified CH. The<br />physiological activities of CHs with different molecular weights (Mw) and degrees of TMCs quaternization were<br />investigated in U937 and 3T3-L1 cell lines.<br />1<br />H-NMR spectrometry and size exclusion chromatography were used for<br />characterization of the biopolymers. The half inhibition concentration (IC50) of DPPH-radical-scavenging activity was<br />below 0.9 mg/m with quaternized CHs. The IC50values of chitooligosaccharides, low- and medium-molecular-weight<br />CHs were 8.4, 10.9, and 13.9 mg/ml, respectively. High-molecular-weight CHs and TMCs showed apoptotic activity on<br />U937 cells. T41, a TMC of 549 kDa with a 41% degree of quaternization (DQ), yielded 30.7% apoptotic cell death in<br />U937 at 20mg/ml and effectively repressed cell differentiation and triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1. Depolymerized CHs reduced triglyceride accumulation but also caused cell differentiation. TMCs showed repressor activity to<br />both cell differentiation and triglyceride accumulation. Increasing the molecular weight of CHs and TMCs generally<br />resulted in increased physiological activity.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10334021" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c7d8ce11ffe9426745333acce954b7c9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36401111,"asset_id":10334021,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36401111/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24863741" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Ali%C3%96zhanAytekin">Ali Özhan Aytekin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24863741" type="text/json">{"id":24863741,"first_name":"Ali Özhan","last_name":"Aytekin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AliÖzhanAytekin","display_name":"Ali Özhan Aytekin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Ali%C3%96zhanAytekin?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10334021 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10334021"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10334021, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10334021", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10334021 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10334021; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10334021"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10334021 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10334021"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10334021; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10334021]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10334021").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10334021").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10334021"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3851" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Obesity">Obesity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3851" type="text/json">{"id":3851,"name":"Obesity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Obesity?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6021" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer">Cancer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6021" type="text/json">{"id":6021,"name":"Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37782" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Culture">Cell Culture</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="37782" type="text/json">{"id":37782,"name":"Cell Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Culture?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10334021]'), work: {"id":10334021,"title":"Physiological activities of chitosan and N-trimethyl chitosan chloride in U937 and 3T3-L1 cells","created_at":"2015-01-26T01:43:23.249-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10334021/Physiological_activities_of_chitosan_and_N_trimethyl_chitosan_chloride_in_U937_and_3T3_L1_cells?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_10334021","summary":"Chitosan (CH) is a biopolymer with biocompatible, biodegradable, and bioactive properties.N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan\nchloride (TMC) is a quaternized form of CH that is highly cationic and more water soluble than unmodified CH. The\nphysiological activities of CHs with different molecular weights (Mw) and degrees of TMCs quaternization were\ninvestigated in U937 and 3T3-L1 cell lines.\n1\nH-NMR spectrometry and size exclusion chromatography were used for\ncharacterization of the biopolymers. The half inhibition concentration (IC50) of DPPH-radical-scavenging activity was\nbelow 0.9 mg/m with quaternized CHs. The IC50values of chitooligosaccharides, low- and medium-molecular-weight\nCHs were 8.4, 10.9, and 13.9 mg/ml, respectively. High-molecular-weight CHs and TMCs showed apoptotic activity on\nU937 cells. T41, a TMC of 549 kDa with a 41% degree of quaternization (DQ), yielded 30.7% apoptotic cell death in\nU937 at 20mg/ml and effectively repressed cell differentiation and triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1. Depolymerized CHs reduced triglyceride accumulation but also caused cell differentiation. TMCs showed repressor activity to\nboth cell differentiation and triglyceride accumulation. Increasing the molecular weight of CHs and TMCs generally\nresulted in increased physiological activity.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36401111,"asset_id":10334021,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24863741,"first_name":"Ali Özhan","last_name":"Aytekin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AliÖzhanAytekin","display_name":"Ali Özhan Aytekin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Ali%C3%96zhanAytekin?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3851,"name":"Obesity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Obesity?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":6021,"name":"Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":37782,"name":"Cell Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Culture?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":92325,"name":"Biopolymers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biopolymers?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_75452485" data-work_id="75452485" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75452485/Use_of_chitin_and_chitosan_to_produce_new_chitooligosaccharides_by_chitinase_Chit42_enzymatic_activity_and_structural_basis_of_protein_specificity">Use of chitin and chitosan to produce new chitooligosaccharides by chitinase Chit42: enzymatic activity and structural basis of protein specificity</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Chitinases are ubiquitous enzymes that have gained a recent biotechnological attention due to their ability to transform biological waste from chitin into valued chito-oligomers with wide agricultural, industrial or medical applications.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_75452485" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Chitinases are ubiquitous enzymes that have gained a recent biotechnological attention due to their ability to transform biological waste from chitin into valued chito-oligomers with wide agricultural, industrial or medical applications. The biological activity of these molecules is related to their size and acetylation degree. Chitinase Chit42 from Trichoderma harzianum hydrolyses chitin oligomers with a minimal of three N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) units. Gene chit42 was previously characterized, and according to its sequence, the encoded protein included in the structural Glycoside Hydrolase family GH18. Chit42 was expressed in Pichia pastoris using fed-batch fermentation to about 3 g/L. Protein heterologously expressed showed similar biochemical properties to those expressed by the natural producer (42 kDa, optima pH 5.5-6.5 and 30-40 °C). In addition to hydrolyse colloidal chitin, this enzyme released reducing sugars from commercial chitosan of different sizes and acetylatio...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/75452485" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6123c5a7e3852371b3f8dc4762e29e9e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83215370,"asset_id":75452485,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83215370/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40306611" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MiguelRemacha">Miguel Remacha</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40306611" type="text/json">{"id":40306611,"first_name":"Miguel","last_name":"Remacha","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MiguelRemacha","display_name":"Miguel Remacha","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MiguelRemacha?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_75452485 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="75452485"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75452485, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_75452485", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_75452485 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75452485; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_75452485"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_75452485 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75452485"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75452485; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75452485]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_75452485").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_75452485").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="75452485"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="145" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry">Biochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="145" type="text/json">{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="523" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="523" type="text/json">{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=75452485]'), work: {"id":75452485,"title":"Use of chitin and chitosan to produce new chitooligosaccharides by chitinase Chit42: enzymatic activity and structural basis of protein specificity","created_at":"2022-04-04T12:04:15.178-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/75452485/Use_of_chitin_and_chitosan_to_produce_new_chitooligosaccharides_by_chitinase_Chit42_enzymatic_activity_and_structural_basis_of_protein_specificity?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_75452485","summary":"Chitinases are ubiquitous enzymes that have gained a recent biotechnological attention due to their ability to transform biological waste from chitin into valued chito-oligomers with wide agricultural, industrial or medical applications. The biological activity of these molecules is related to their size and acetylation degree. Chitinase Chit42 from Trichoderma harzianum hydrolyses chitin oligomers with a minimal of three N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) units. Gene chit42 was previously characterized, and according to its sequence, the encoded protein included in the structural Glycoside Hydrolase family GH18. Chit42 was expressed in Pichia pastoris using fed-batch fermentation to about 3 g/L. Protein heterologously expressed showed similar biochemical properties to those expressed by the natural producer (42 kDa, optima pH 5.5-6.5 and 30-40 °C). In addition to hydrolyse colloidal chitin, this enzyme released reducing sugars from commercial chitosan of different sizes and acetylatio...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83215370,"asset_id":75452485,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":40306611,"first_name":"Miguel","last_name":"Remacha","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MiguelRemacha","display_name":"Miguel Remacha","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MiguelRemacha?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":14907,"name":"Industrial Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_Biotechnology?f_ri=9130"},{"id":181569,"name":"Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proteins?f_ri=9130"},{"id":529713,"name":"Chitinase","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitinase?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1169238,"name":"Chitin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitin?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1737426,"name":"Chitosanase","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosanase?f_ri=9130"},{"id":3017225,"name":"Chitinases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitinases?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17596800" data-work_id="17596800" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17596800/Chitosan_and_a_modified_chitosan_as_agents_to_improve_performances_of_mucoadhesive_vaginal_gels">Chitosan and a modified chitosan as agents to improve performances of mucoadhesive vaginal gels</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">New mucoadhesive formulations were designed and studied in order to improve local vaginal therapy by increasing formulation retention prolonging thus drug–mucosa contact time. Some gels were prepared using hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC)... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17596800" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">New mucoadhesive formulations were designed and studied in order to improve local vaginal therapy by increasing formulation retention prolonging thus drug–mucosa contact time. Some gels were prepared using hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) alone or mixed with chitosan (CS) or its derivative 5-methyl-pyrrolidinone-chitosan (MPCS) and were loaded with the antibacterial metronidazole (MET) (0.75%). All formulations showed pseudoplastic flow and viscosity increase was observed proportionally to chitosan content (CS &gt; MPCS). Prepared gels showed better extrusion properties (yield stress) than market formulation Zidoval®.Mucoadhesion force studies permitted to point out that: (i) CS decreases mucoadhesion force; (ii) MPCS addition increases the mucoadhesion force at high percentage; (iii) all gels containing chitosan showed better mucoadhesive performances than Zidoval®.Gels containing MPCS showed higher and faster drug release than those containing CS. All the preparations were able to rele...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17596800" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cb71ec169bd1be2ddd96d490d8abf970" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39603534,"asset_id":17596800,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39603534/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37434239" href="https://vegajournal.academia.edu/LuanaPerioli">Luana Perioli</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37434239" type="text/json">{"id":37434239,"first_name":"Luana","last_name":"Perioli","domain_name":"vegajournal","page_name":"LuanaPerioli","display_name":"Luana Perioli","profile_url":"https://vegajournal.academia.edu/LuanaPerioli?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17596800 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17596800"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17596800, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17596800", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17596800 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17596800; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_17596800"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_17596800 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17596800"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17596800; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17596800]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17596800").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17596800").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17596800"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1131" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical_Engineering">Biomedical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1131" type="text/json">{"id":1131,"name":"Biomedical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical_Engineering?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7598" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rheology">Rheology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7598" type="text/json">{"id":7598,"name":"Rheology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rheology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17596800]'), work: {"id":17596800,"title":"Chitosan and a modified chitosan as agents to improve performances of mucoadhesive vaginal gels","created_at":"2015-11-02T00:26:41.795-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17596800/Chitosan_and_a_modified_chitosan_as_agents_to_improve_performances_of_mucoadhesive_vaginal_gels?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_17596800","summary":"New mucoadhesive formulations were designed and studied in order to improve local vaginal therapy by increasing formulation retention prolonging thus drug–mucosa contact time. Some gels were prepared using hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) alone or mixed with chitosan (CS) or its derivative 5-methyl-pyrrolidinone-chitosan (MPCS) and were loaded with the antibacterial metronidazole (MET) (0.75%). All formulations showed pseudoplastic flow and viscosity increase was observed proportionally to chitosan content (CS \u0026gt; MPCS). Prepared gels showed better extrusion properties (yield stress) than market formulation Zidoval®.Mucoadhesion force studies permitted to point out that: (i) CS decreases mucoadhesion force; (ii) MPCS addition increases the mucoadhesion force at high percentage; (iii) all gels containing chitosan showed better mucoadhesive performances than Zidoval®.Gels containing MPCS showed higher and faster drug release than those containing CS. All the preparations were able to rele...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39603534,"asset_id":17596800,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37434239,"first_name":"Luana","last_name":"Perioli","domain_name":"vegajournal","page_name":"LuanaPerioli","display_name":"Luana Perioli","profile_url":"https://vegajournal.academia.edu/LuanaPerioli?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":1131,"name":"Biomedical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical_Engineering?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":7598,"name":"Rheology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rheology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":37959,"name":"Cellulose","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cellulose?f_ri=9130"},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=9130"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=9130"},{"id":109384,"name":"Viscosity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viscosity?f_ri=9130"},{"id":159187,"name":"Drug Delivery Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Delivery_Systems?f_ri=9130"},{"id":335984,"name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anti-Bacterial_Agents?f_ri=9130"},{"id":419370,"name":"Swine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Swine?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1031068,"name":"Drug Carriers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Carriers?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1135814,"name":"Drug Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Stability?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23930851" data-work_id="23930851" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23930851/Effect_of_argon_plasma_treatment_on_proliferation_of_human_skin_derived_fibroblast_on_chitosan_membranein_vitro">Effect of argon-plasma treatment on proliferation of human-skin-derived fibroblast on chitosan membranein vitro</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23930851" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8c9a346c6dbf043b20d6ec30ef370a7e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44317652,"asset_id":23930851,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44317652/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="46174813" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KermChian">Kerm Chian</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="46174813" type="text/json">{"id":46174813,"first_name":"Kerm","last_name":"Chian","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KermChian","display_name":"Kerm Chian","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KermChian?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23930851 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23930851"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23930851, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23930851", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_23930851 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23930851; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_23930851"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23930851 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23930851"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23930851; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23930851]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23930851").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23930851").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23930851"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10055" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Adhesion">Cell Adhesion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10055" type="text/json">{"id":10055,"name":"Cell Adhesion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Adhesion?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="36237" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical">Biomedical</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="36237" type="text/json">{"id":36237,"name":"Biomedical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23930851]'), work: {"id":23930851,"title":"Effect of argon-plasma treatment on proliferation of human-skin-derived fibroblast on chitosan membranein vitro","created_at":"2016-04-01T23:52:39.721-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23930851/Effect_of_argon_plasma_treatment_on_proliferation_of_human_skin_derived_fibroblast_on_chitosan_membranein_vitro?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_23930851","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44317652,"asset_id":23930851,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":46174813,"first_name":"Kerm","last_name":"Chian","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KermChian","display_name":"Kerm Chian","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KermChian?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":10055,"name":"Cell Adhesion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Adhesion?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":36237,"name":"Biomedical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=9130"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=9130"},{"id":131065,"name":"Plasma Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plasma_Treatment?f_ri=9130"},{"id":440924,"name":"Surface Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_Properties?f_ri=9130"},{"id":782251,"name":"Cell Proliferation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Proliferation?f_ri=9130"},{"id":892969,"name":"Materials Testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Testing?f_ri=9130"},{"id":954995,"name":"Human Fibroblasts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Fibroblasts?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1025209,"name":"Argon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Argon?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1724844,"name":"Molecular Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Structure?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_21431780" data-work_id="21431780" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21431780/Chitosan_Application_For_Organic_and_Safe_Vegetable_Production">Chitosan Application For Organic and Safe Vegetable Production</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Conclusion The local chitosan-treated plants yielded about 38 t/ha while that treated with the imported one, 32 t/ha. Lower concentration of 10 ml of 1% solution of local or imported chitosan was less effective but still increased yield... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_21431780" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Conclusion The local chitosan-treated plants yielded about 38 t/ha while that treated with the imported one, 32 t/ha. Lower concentration of 10 ml of 1% solution of local or imported chitosan was less effective but still increased yield significantly compared to the control. In cucumber, chitosan similarly increased fruit weight and length; 10 ml of 1% chitosan/10L water was sufficient to bring this effect. This effect was better than that of chemical fertilizer treatments. In leaf mustard, chitosan significantly increased plant height and yield and a rate of application of 20 ml of 1% solution/10L water was found to be the optimum level. The results seemed to indicate that the locally produced chitosan can be used to improve growth and yield performance of different types of vegetables in Cambodia.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/21431780" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f4a2968ed385d7e83e731eba560221eb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41870231,"asset_id":21431780,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41870231/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="21630840" href="https://rua.academia.edu/SophalLaikong">Sophal Laikong</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="21630840" type="text/json">{"id":21630840,"first_name":"Sophal","last_name":"Laikong","domain_name":"rua","page_name":"SophalLaikong","display_name":"Sophal Laikong","profile_url":"https://rua.academia.edu/SophalLaikong?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21630840/5943613/18980820/s65_sophal.laikong.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_21431780 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="21431780"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 21431780, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_21431780", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_21431780 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21431780; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_21431780"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_21431780 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21431780"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21431780; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21431780]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_21431780").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_21431780").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="21431780"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=21431780]'), work: {"id":21431780,"title":"Chitosan Application For Organic and Safe Vegetable Production","created_at":"2016-02-01T18:25:30.815-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/21431780/Chitosan_Application_For_Organic_and_Safe_Vegetable_Production?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_21431780","summary":"Conclusion The local chitosan-treated plants yielded about 38 t/ha while that treated with the imported one, 32 t/ha. Lower concentration of 10 ml of 1% solution of local or imported chitosan was less effective but still increased yield significantly compared to the control. In cucumber, chitosan similarly increased fruit weight and length; 10 ml of 1% chitosan/10L water was sufficient to bring this effect. This effect was better than that of chemical fertilizer treatments. In leaf mustard, chitosan significantly increased plant height and yield and a rate of application of 20 ml of 1% solution/10L water was found to be the optimum level. The results seemed to indicate that the locally produced chitosan can be used to improve growth and yield performance of different types of vegetables in Cambodia.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41870231,"asset_id":21431780,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":21630840,"first_name":"Sophal","last_name":"Laikong","domain_name":"rua","page_name":"SophalLaikong","display_name":"Sophal Laikong","profile_url":"https://rua.academia.edu/SophalLaikong?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21630840/5943613/18980820/s65_sophal.laikong.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_21374973" data-work_id="21374973" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div 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$(".js-view-count-work_21374973").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="21374973"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2320" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Textiles">Textiles</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2320" type="text/json">{"id":2320,"name":"Textiles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Textiles?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19703" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_microbiology">Applied microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19703" type="text/json">{"id":19703,"name":"Applied microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_microbiology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28235" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary">Multidisciplinary</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28235" type="text/json">{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=21374973]'), work: {"id":21374973,"title":"Chitosan: antimicrobial action upon staphylococci after impregnation onto cotton fabric","created_at":"2016-02-01T01:13:53.174-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/21374973/Chitosan_antimicrobial_action_upon_staphylococci_after_impregnation_onto_cotton_fabric?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_21374973","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41840424,"asset_id":21374973,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42383757,"first_name":"Freni","last_name":"Tavaria","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FreniTavaria","display_name":"Freni Tavaria","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FreniTavaria?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2320,"name":"Textiles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Textiles?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":19703,"name":"Applied 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u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5912026" data-work_id="5912026" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5912026/Chitosan_albumin_CaCO_3_as_mimics_for_membrane_bioreactor_fouling_Genesis_of_structural_mineralized_EPS_building_blocks_and_cake_layer_compressibility">Chitosan/albumin/CaCO 3 as mimics for membrane bioreactor fouling: Genesis of structural mineralized-EPS-building blocks and cake layer compressibility</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5912026" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span 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class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8768046" href="https://unam.academia.edu/AdalbertoNoyola">Adalberto Noyola</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8768046" type="text/json">{"id":8768046,"first_name":"Adalberto","last_name":"Noyola","domain_name":"unam","page_name":"AdalbertoNoyola","display_name":"Adalberto Noyola","profile_url":"https://unam.academia.edu/AdalbertoNoyola?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5912026 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5912026"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5912026, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5912026", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_5912026 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5912026]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5912026").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5912026").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5912026"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12124" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Filtration">Filtration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12124" type="text/json">{"id":12124,"name":"Filtration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Filtration?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28235" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary">Multidisciplinary</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28235" type="text/json">{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29149" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Extracellular_Matrix">Extracellular Matrix</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="29149" type="text/json">{"id":29149,"name":"Extracellular Matrix","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Extracellular_Matrix?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { 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$(".js-view-count-work_21938435").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="21938435"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="531" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organic_Chemistry">Organic Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="531" type="text/json">{"id":531,"name":"Organic Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organic_Chemistry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5304" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanofibers">Nanofibers</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5304" type="text/json">{"id":5304,"name":"Nanofibers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanofibers?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7700" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorescence_Microscopy">Fluorescence Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7700" type="text/json">{"id":7700,"name":"Fluorescence Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorescence_Microscopy?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=21938435]'), work: {"id":21938435,"title":"Chitosan(PEO)/silica hybrid nanofibers as a potential biomaterial for bone regeneration","created_at":"2016-02-13T22:39:53.392-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/21938435/Chitosan_PEO_silica_hybrid_nanofibers_as_a_potential_biomaterial_for_bone_regeneration?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_21938435","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42663872,"asset_id":21938435,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43183721,"first_name":"Boris","last_name":"Mahltig","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BorisMahltig","display_name":"Boris Mahltig","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BorisMahltig?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":531,"name":"Organic Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organic_Chemistry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":5304,"name":"Nanofibers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanofibers?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":7700,"name":"Fluorescence Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorescence_Microscopy?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":12010,"name":"Electrospinning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrospinning?f_ri=9130"},{"id":38237,"name":"Bone Regeneration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_Regeneration?f_ri=9130"},{"id":57808,"name":"Cell line","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_line?f_ri=9130"},{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=9130"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=9130"},{"id":284907,"name":"Gels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gels?f_ri=9130"},{"id":573653,"name":"Food Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences?f_ri=9130"},{"id":782251,"name":"Cell Proliferation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Proliferation?f_ri=9130"},{"id":945593,"name":"Durapatite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Durapatite?f_ri=9130"},{"id":959334,"name":"Sol gel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sol_gel-1?f_ri=9130"},{"id":988766,"name":"Bioactivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioactivity?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1031067,"name":"Biocompatible Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biocompatible_Materials?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1256683,"name":"Bone and Bones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_and_Bones?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1323439,"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbohydrate_Polymers?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12740489 coauthored" data-work_id="12740489" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12740489/Environment_Friendly_Cathodes_Using_Biopolymer_Chitosan_with_Enhanced_Electrochemical_Behavior_for_Use_in_Lithium_Ion_Batteries">Environment-Friendly Cathodes Using Biopolymer Chitosan with Enhanced Electrochemical Behavior for Use in Lithium Ion Batteries</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12740489" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="482a26bc3630fb92c74a72752adbc3a0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37800488,"asset_id":12740489,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37800488/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31778374" href="https://khu.academia.edu/PKadirvelayutham">Prasanna Kadirvelayutham</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31778374" type="text/json">{"id":31778374,"first_name":"Prasanna","last_name":"Kadirvelayutham","domain_name":"khu","page_name":"PKadirvelayutham","display_name":"Prasanna Kadirvelayutham","profile_url":"https://khu.academia.edu/PKadirvelayutham?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31778374/9434222/10512671/s65_prasanna.kadirvelayutham.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-12740489">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-12740489"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://duth.academia.edu/SubburajThiruvengadam">Subburaj Thiruvengadam</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-12740489'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-12740489').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12740489 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12740489"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12740489, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12740489", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12740489 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12740489; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12740489"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12740489 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12740489"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12740489; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12740489]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12740489").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12740489").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12740489"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="523" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="523" type="text/json">{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="202984" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lithium_Ion_Batteries">Lithium Ion Batteries</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="202984" type="text/json">{"id":202984,"name":"Lithium Ion Batteries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lithium_Ion_Batteries?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="363276" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Capacity">Capacity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="363276" type="text/json">{"id":363276,"name":"Capacity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Capacity?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12740489]'), work: {"id":12740489,"title":"Environment-Friendly Cathodes Using Biopolymer Chitosan with Enhanced Electrochemical Behavior for Use in Lithium Ion Batteries","created_at":"2015-06-01T23:02:26.703-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12740489/Environment_Friendly_Cathodes_Using_Biopolymer_Chitosan_with_Enhanced_Electrochemical_Behavior_for_Use_in_Lithium_Ion_Batteries?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_12740489","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37800488,"asset_id":12740489,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31778374,"first_name":"Prasanna","last_name":"Kadirvelayutham","domain_name":"khu","page_name":"PKadirvelayutham","display_name":"Prasanna Kadirvelayutham","profile_url":"https://khu.academia.edu/PKadirvelayutham?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31778374/9434222/10512671/s65_prasanna.kadirvelayutham.jpg"},{"id":4165204,"first_name":"Subburaj","last_name":"Thiruvengadam","domain_name":"duth","page_name":"SubburajThiruvengadam","display_name":"Subburaj Thiruvengadam","profile_url":"https://duth.academia.edu/SubburajThiruvengadam?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4165204/1626025/8176421/s65_subburaj.thiruvengadam.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":202984,"name":"Lithium Ion Batteries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lithium_Ion_Batteries?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":363276,"name":"Capacity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Capacity?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":366195,"name":"Ionic Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ionic_Conductivity?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1131650,"name":"Cathode","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cathode?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1222728,"name":"Binders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Binders?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12018615" data-work_id="12018615" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12018615/Processing_and_analysis_of_chitosan_nanocomposites_reinforced_with_chitin_whiskers_and_tannic_acid_as_a_crosslinker">Processing and analysis of chitosan nanocomposites reinforced with chitin whiskers and tannic acid as a crosslinker</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Chitosan film reinforced with nano-sized chitin whiskers and crosslinked using tannic acid was synthesized by the casting-vaporation method. The mechanical and physicochemical properties of several film samples (consisting of different... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12018615" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Chitosan film reinforced with nano-sized chitin whiskers and crosslinked using tannic acid was synthesized by the casting-vaporation method. The mechanical and physicochemical properties of several film samples (consisting of different ratio of chitin and tannic acid) were compared with neat chitosan. Tensile tests show that the addition of chitin improves the nanocomposite films mechanical properties up to 137% compared to neat chitosan, but this is slightly degraded when tannic acid is introduced. However, tannic acid and chitin whisker content greatly reduced moisture content by 294% and water solubility by 13%. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier-transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to investigate the morphology and molecular interaction of film. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the samples with chitin whiskers had a more rigid structure. The addition of tannic acid changed the structure into an anhydrous crystalline conformation when compared to neat chitosan film. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. <br /> <br />Dear readers, <br />If you like to have the full paper, please send an email request to <a href="mailto:pejtdr_fkej@um.edu.my" rel="nofollow">pejtdr_fkej@um.edu.my</a>. We will email the paper to you. Thank You. <br /> <br /><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0144861714008844" rel="nofollow">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0144861714008844</a>  <br /><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25439908" rel="nofollow">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25439908</a>  <br /><a href="http://eprints.um.edu.my/11629/" rel="nofollow">http://eprints.um.edu.my/11629/</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12018615" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="48abb05da67fd8899ff02ac988ab1adf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37862732,"asset_id":12018615,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37862732/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="28384652" href="https://malaya.academia.edu/FacultyofEngineeringUniversityofMalaya">Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28384652" type="text/json">{"id":28384652,"first_name":"Faculty of Engineering","last_name":"University of Malaya","domain_name":"malaya","page_name":"FacultyofEngineeringUniversityofMalaya","display_name":"Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya","profile_url":"https://malaya.academia.edu/FacultyofEngineeringUniversityofMalaya?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28384652/8018956/8981173/s65_faculty_of_engineering.university_of_malaya.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12018615 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12018615"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12018615, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12018615", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12018615 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12018615; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12018615"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12018615 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12018615"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12018615; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12018615]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12018615").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12018615").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12018615"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="481991" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tannic_Acid">Tannic Acid</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="481991" type="text/json">{"id":481991,"name":"Tannic Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tannic_Acid?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="595835" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crosslinking_of_Polymers">Crosslinking of Polymers</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="595835" type="text/json">{"id":595835,"name":"Crosslinking of Polymers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crosslinking_of_Polymers?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1902318" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitin_whisker">Chitin whisker</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1902318" type="text/json">{"id":1902318,"name":"Chitin whisker","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitin_whisker?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12018615]'), work: {"id":12018615,"title":"Processing and analysis of chitosan nanocomposites reinforced with chitin whiskers and tannic acid as a crosslinker","created_at":"2015-04-19T23:35:17.940-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12018615/Processing_and_analysis_of_chitosan_nanocomposites_reinforced_with_chitin_whiskers_and_tannic_acid_as_a_crosslinker?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_12018615","summary":"Chitosan film reinforced with nano-sized chitin whiskers and crosslinked using tannic acid was synthesized by the casting-vaporation method. The mechanical and physicochemical properties of several film samples (consisting of different ratio of chitin and tannic acid) were compared with neat chitosan. Tensile tests show that the addition of chitin improves the nanocomposite films mechanical properties up to 137% compared to neat chitosan, but this is slightly degraded when tannic acid is introduced. However, tannic acid and chitin whisker content greatly reduced moisture content by 294% and water solubility by 13%. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier-transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to investigate the morphology and molecular interaction of film. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the samples with chitin whiskers had a more rigid structure. The addition of tannic acid changed the structure into an anhydrous crystalline conformation when compared to neat chitosan film. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.\r\n\r\nDear readers, \r\nIf you like to have the full paper, please send an email request to pejtdr_fkej@um.edu.my. We will email the paper to you. Thank You.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0144861714008844 \r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25439908 \r\nhttp://eprints.um.edu.my/11629/ ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37862732,"asset_id":12018615,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":28384652,"first_name":"Faculty of Engineering","last_name":"University of Malaya","domain_name":"malaya","page_name":"FacultyofEngineeringUniversityofMalaya","display_name":"Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya","profile_url":"https://malaya.academia.edu/FacultyofEngineeringUniversityofMalaya?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28384652/8018956/8981173/s65_faculty_of_engineering.university_of_malaya.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":481991,"name":"Tannic Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tannic_Acid?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":595835,"name":"Crosslinking of Polymers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crosslinking_of_Polymers?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":1902318,"name":"Chitin whisker","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitin_whisker?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":1902320,"name":"acidNanocomposit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/acidNanocomposit?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8547676" data-work_id="8547676" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8547676/Synergistic_activity_of_chitosan_with_chlorhexidine_and_their_antimicrobial_effect_on_the_oral_microbial_flora_causing_gingivitis_in_patients_with_poor_oral_hygiene">Synergistic activity of chitosan with chlorhexidine and their antimicrobial effect on the oral microbial flora causing gingivitis in patients with poor oral hygiene.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8547676" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="381fe0650f95b50c55ad0b2cb0972002" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34921978,"asset_id":8547676,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34921978/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="17578589" href="https://sirmvit.academia.edu/KashifShariff">Kashif Shariff</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="17578589" type="text/json">{"id":17578589,"first_name":"Kashif","last_name":"Shariff","domain_name":"sirmvit","page_name":"KashifShariff","display_name":"Kashif Shariff","profile_url":"https://sirmvit.academia.edu/KashifShariff?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/17578589/4896134/5629742/s65_kashif.shariff.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8547676 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8547676"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8547676, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8547676", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_8547676 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8547676; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_8547676"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_8547676 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8547676"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8547676; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8547676]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8547676").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8547676").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8547676"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="111007" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antimicrobial_activity">Antimicrobial activity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="111007" type="text/json">{"id":111007,"name":"Antimicrobial activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antimicrobial_activity?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="473228" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_and_Maxillofacial_Pathology_and_Microbiology">Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="473228" type="text/json">{"id":473228,"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_and_Maxillofacial_Pathology_and_Microbiology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="550227" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chlorhexidine">Chlorhexidine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="550227" type="text/json">{"id":550227,"name":"Chlorhexidine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chlorhexidine?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8547676]'), work: {"id":8547676,"title":"Synergistic activity of chitosan with chlorhexidine and their antimicrobial effect on the oral microbial flora causing gingivitis in patients with poor oral hygiene.","created_at":"2014-09-29T02:18:56.323-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8547676/Synergistic_activity_of_chitosan_with_chlorhexidine_and_their_antimicrobial_effect_on_the_oral_microbial_flora_causing_gingivitis_in_patients_with_poor_oral_hygiene?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_8547676","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34921978,"asset_id":8547676,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":17578589,"first_name":"Kashif","last_name":"Shariff","domain_name":"sirmvit","page_name":"KashifShariff","display_name":"Kashif Shariff","profile_url":"https://sirmvit.academia.edu/KashifShariff?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/17578589/4896134/5629742/s65_kashif.shariff.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":111007,"name":"Antimicrobial activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antimicrobial_activity?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":473228,"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_and_Maxillofacial_Pathology_and_Microbiology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":550227,"name":"Chlorhexidine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chlorhexidine?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":1426584,"name":"Gingivitis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gingivitis?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31935676 coauthored" data-work_id="31935676" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31935676/Degradation_of_azo_dyes_under_different_wavelengths_of_UV_light_with_chitosan_SnO2_nanocomposites">Degradation of azo dyes under different wavelengths of UV light with chitosan-SnO2 nanocomposites</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this study, synthesis of novel binary chitosan-SnO 2 nanocomposites is reported. Different physical and chemical techniques were used to characterize and analyze the characteristics of the chitosan-SnO 2 nanocomposites as... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31935676" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this study, synthesis of novel binary chitosan-SnO 2 nanocomposites is reported. Different physical and chemical techniques were used to characterize and analyze the characteristics of the chitosan-SnO 2 nanocomposites as photocatalysts. The prepared novel photocatalysts were used to degrade the model dyes such as methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (RhB) under different wavelengths (254, 310 and 365 nm) of UV light. The photocatalytic degradation results suggest that the prepared binary chitosan-SnO 2 (50:50) nanocomposite shows superior degradation efficiency compared with pure SnO 2 and binary chitosan-SnO 2 (75:25) nanocomposite owing to its high crystallinity, high surface area, and small particle size. It was also observed that chitosan-SnO 2 (50:50) nanocom-posite under different wavelengths (254 nm, 310 nm, and 365 nm) of UV light showed highest photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange and rhodamine B at 365 nm irradiation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31935676" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a2544433753b6cc6532b3b10806ef15c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52214236,"asset_id":31935676,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52214236/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3772940" href="https://ubd.academia.edu/MohammadMansoobKhan">Prof. Dr. Mohammad Mansoob Khan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3772940" type="text/json">{"id":3772940,"first_name":"Prof. Dr. Mohammad Mansoob","last_name":"Khan","domain_name":"ubd","page_name":"MohammadMansoobKhan","display_name":"Prof. Dr. Mohammad Mansoob Khan","profile_url":"https://ubd.academia.edu/MohammadMansoobKhan?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3772940/1365796/134190850/s65_prof._dr._mohammad_mansoob.khan.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-31935676">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-31935676"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://johannesburg.academia.edu/VinodKumarGupta">Vinod Kumar Gupta</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://st-andrews.academia.edu/SaravananRajendran">Saravanan Rajendran</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-31935676'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-31935676').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_31935676 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31935676"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31935676; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31935676]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31935676").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31935676").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31935676"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6400" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photocatalysts">Photocatalysts</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6400" type="text/json">{"id":6400,"name":"Photocatalysts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photocatalysts?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="34550" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Nanocomposites">Polymer Nanocomposites</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="34550" type="text/json">{"id":34550,"name":"Polymer Nanocomposites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Nanocomposites?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47216" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ZnO_SnO2_CuO_and_Si_Nanowires">ZnO, SnO2, CuO and Si Nanowires</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47216" type="text/json">{"id":47216,"name":"ZnO, SnO2, CuO and Si Nanowires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ZnO_SnO2_CuO_and_Si_Nanowires?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31935676]'), work: {"id":31935676,"title":"Degradation of azo dyes under different wavelengths of UV light with chitosan-SnO2 nanocomposites","created_at":"2017-03-19T17:50:46.291-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31935676/Degradation_of_azo_dyes_under_different_wavelengths_of_UV_light_with_chitosan_SnO2_nanocomposites?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_31935676","summary":"In this study, synthesis of novel binary chitosan-SnO 2 nanocomposites is reported. Different physical and chemical techniques were used to characterize and analyze the characteristics of the chitosan-SnO 2 nanocomposites as photocatalysts. The prepared novel photocatalysts were used to degrade the model dyes such as methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (RhB) under different wavelengths (254, 310 and 365 nm) of UV light. The photocatalytic degradation results suggest that the prepared binary chitosan-SnO 2 (50:50) nanocomposite shows superior degradation efficiency compared with pure SnO 2 and binary chitosan-SnO 2 (75:25) nanocomposite owing to its high crystallinity, high surface area, and small particle size. It was also observed that chitosan-SnO 2 (50:50) nanocom-posite under different wavelengths (254 nm, 310 nm, and 365 nm) of UV light showed highest photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange and rhodamine B at 365 nm irradiation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52214236,"asset_id":31935676,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3772940,"first_name":"Prof. Dr. Mohammad Mansoob","last_name":"Khan","domain_name":"ubd","page_name":"MohammadMansoobKhan","display_name":"Prof. Dr. Mohammad Mansoob Khan","profile_url":"https://ubd.academia.edu/MohammadMansoobKhan?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3772940/1365796/134190850/s65_prof._dr._mohammad_mansoob.khan.jpg"},{"id":26491402,"first_name":"Vinod Kumar","last_name":"Gupta","domain_name":"johannesburg","page_name":"VinodKumarGupta","display_name":"Vinod Kumar Gupta","profile_url":"https://johannesburg.academia.edu/VinodKumarGupta?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26491402/7352707/8267524/s65_vinod_kumar.gupta.jpg"},{"id":2148661,"first_name":"Saravanan","last_name":"Rajendran","domain_name":"st-andrews","page_name":"SaravananRajendran","display_name":"Saravanan Rajendran","profile_url":"https://st-andrews.academia.edu/SaravananRajendran?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2148661/695185/15072967/s65_saravanan.rajendran.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6400,"name":"Photocatalysts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photocatalysts?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":34550,"name":"Polymer Nanocomposites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Nanocomposites?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":47216,"name":"ZnO, SnO2, CuO and Si Nanowires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ZnO_SnO2_CuO_and_Si_Nanowires?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":58352,"name":"Photocatalysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photocatalysis?f_ri=9130"},{"id":185384,"name":"SnO2","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SnO2?f_ri=9130"},{"id":450682,"name":"Semiconductor Photocatalysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiconductor_Photocatalysis?f_ri=9130"},{"id":475321,"name":"Nanomaterials for Photocatalysts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanomaterials_for_Photocatalysts?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1289972,"name":"SnO2 Nanostructures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SnO2_Nanostructures?f_ri=9130"},{"id":2663101,"name":"Chitosan-SnO 2 nanocomposites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan-SnO_2_nanocomposites?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_80365844" data-work_id="80365844" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/80365844/Chitosan_based_copper_nanocomposite_accelerates_healing_in_excision_wound_model_in_rats">Chitosan-based copper nanocomposite accelerates healing in excision wound model in rats</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/80365844" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8b2f60385fa7c24fec346e93dc79ae65" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86771799,"asset_id":80365844,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86771799/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8498772" href="https://independent.academia.edu/anugopal">anu gopal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8498772" type="text/json">{"id":8498772,"first_name":"anu","last_name":"gopal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"anugopal","display_name":"anu gopal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/anugopal?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8498772/124003003/113356028/s65_anu.gopal.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_80365844 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="80365844"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80365844, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_80365844", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_80365844 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80365844; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_80365844"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_80365844 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80365844"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80365844; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80365844]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_80365844").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_80365844").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="80365844"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="523" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="523" type="text/json">{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8991" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wound_Healing">Wound Healing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8991" type="text/json">{"id":8991,"name":"Wound Healing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wound_Healing?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11678" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanocomposites">Nanocomposites</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11678" type="text/json">{"id":11678,"name":"Nanocomposites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanocomposites?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=80365844]'), work: {"id":80365844,"title":"Chitosan-based copper nanocomposite accelerates healing in excision wound model in rats","created_at":"2022-05-31T06:16:51.548-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/80365844/Chitosan_based_copper_nanocomposite_accelerates_healing_in_excision_wound_model_in_rats?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_80365844","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86771799,"asset_id":80365844,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8498772,"first_name":"anu","last_name":"gopal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"anugopal","display_name":"anu gopal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/anugopal?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8498772/124003003/113356028/s65_anu.gopal.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":8991,"name":"Wound Healing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wound_Healing?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":11678,"name":"Nanocomposites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanocomposites?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=9130"},{"id":35056,"name":"Metal Nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metal_Nanoparticles?f_ri=9130"},{"id":80692,"name":"Copper","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copper?f_ri=9130"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=9130"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=9130"},{"id":162553,"name":"Skin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Skin?f_ri=9130"},{"id":375054,"name":"Rats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rats?f_ri=9130"},{"id":413195,"name":"Time Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Factors?f_ri=9130"},{"id":474029,"name":"Tumor necrosis factor-alpha","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tumor_necrosis_factor-alpha?f_ri=9130"},{"id":527900,"name":"Transforming Growth Factor Beta","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transforming_Growth_Factor_Beta?f_ri=9130"},{"id":564879,"name":"Wistar Rats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wistar_Rats?f_ri=9130"},{"id":723149,"name":"Acetic Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acetic_Acid?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1763968,"name":"Gene Expression Regulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Expression_Regulation?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1924712,"name":"Interleukin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interleukin?f_ri=9130"},{"id":3789884,"name":"Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacology_and_pharmaceutical_sciences?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36402124" data-work_id="36402124" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36402124/The_Utilization_of_Chitosan_from_Shrimp_Shells_as_Edible_Coating_for_Wooden_Fish_Keumamah">The Utilization of Chitosan from Shrimp Shells as Edible Coating for Wooden Fish (Keumamah</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Wooden fish (keumamah) is a traditional food made from tuna (Euthynnus affinis) coated with wheat flour and be drained. During the process of storage and marketing of wooden fish is often contaminated by certain types of mold, especially... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36402124" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Wooden fish (keumamah) is a traditional food made from tuna (Euthynnus affinis) coated with wheat flour and be drained. During the process of storage and marketing of wooden fish is often contaminated by certain types of mold, especially Aspergillus sp. The presence of mold contaminants would reduce the wooden fish quality and dangerous for consumption. It is therefore necessary natural ingredients that can act as a preservative, one of which is chitosan. The purpose of this study was to analyze the long wooden fish optimum soaking in a solution of chitosan to produce wooden fish that have a longer shelf life than fish-covered wood flour. The study begins by preparing chitosan from shrimp shells. Chitosan is extracted from shrimp shells, with a solution of NaOH and HCl and dried at a temperature of 65°C. Wooden fish with chitosan coating is done by soaking the fish in a timber with 1.5% chitosan larutam time variation of 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 minutes. The fish dried in the sun to harden fish such as timber, stored at room temperature (± 30°C). Test storability of wooden fish is done until a certain time limit (4 weeks), namely on days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28, through organoleptic (color, texture, aroma and taste) and mold on the fish population analysis of timber. The results showed that soaking the fish for 60-75 minutes in a solution of chitosan 1.5% (w/v) to produce the most good organoleptic value, with no evidence of mold growth on the shelf life of 28 days so that the wooden fish unfit for consumption.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36402124" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="307cb84e04d20e1f1660a78d577b1d05" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56313145,"asset_id":36402124,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56313145/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="76622454" href="https://tni-au.academia.edu/ResmilaDewi">Resmila Dewi, S.Si.,M.Sc</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="76622454" type="text/json">{"id":76622454,"first_name":"Resmila","last_name":"Dewi, S.Si.,M.Sc","domain_name":"tni-au","page_name":"ResmilaDewi","display_name":"Resmila Dewi, S.Si.,M.Sc","profile_url":"https://tni-au.academia.edu/ResmilaDewi?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/76622454/19515778/29831853/s65_resmila.dewi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36402124 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36402124"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36402124, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36402124", }); 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During the process of storage and marketing of wooden fish is often contaminated by certain types of mold, especially Aspergillus sp. The presence of mold contaminants would reduce the wooden fish quality and dangerous for consumption. It is therefore necessary natural ingredients that can act as a preservative, one of which is chitosan. The purpose of this study was to analyze the long wooden fish optimum soaking in a solution of chitosan to produce wooden fish that have a longer shelf life than fish-covered wood flour. The study begins by preparing chitosan from shrimp shells. Chitosan is extracted from shrimp shells, with a solution of NaOH and HCl and dried at a temperature of 65°C. Wooden fish with chitosan coating is done by soaking the fish in a timber with 1.5% chitosan larutam time variation of 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 minutes. The fish dried in the sun to harden fish such as timber, stored at room temperature (± 30°C). Test storability of wooden fish is done until a certain time limit (4 weeks), namely on days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28, through organoleptic (color, texture, aroma and taste) and mold on the fish population analysis of timber. The results showed that soaking the fish for 60-75 minutes in a solution of chitosan 1.5% (w/v) to produce the most good organoleptic value, with no evidence of mold growth on the shelf life of 28 days so that the wooden fish unfit for consumption.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56313145,"asset_id":36402124,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":76622454,"first_name":"Resmila","last_name":"Dewi, S.Si.,M.Sc","domain_name":"tni-au","page_name":"ResmilaDewi","display_name":"Resmila Dewi, S.Si.,M.Sc","profile_url":"https://tni-au.academia.edu/ResmilaDewi?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/76622454/19515778/29831853/s65_resmila.dewi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1040,"name":"Food Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Science?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":1907,"name":"Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":10221,"name":"Food and Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_and_Nutrition?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":247059,"name":"Mold","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mold?f_ri=9130"},{"id":864679,"name":"Edible Coating","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Edible_Coating?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10391693" data-work_id="10391693" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10391693/Characterization_of_chitosan_Influence_of_ionic_strength_and_degree_of_acetylation_on_chain_expansion">Characterization of chitosan. 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u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14057788" data-work_id="14057788" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14057788/Comparative_adsorption_studies_of_indigo_carmine_dye_on_chitin_and_chitosan">Comparative adsorption studies of indigo carmine dye on chitin and chitosan</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The adsorption of indigo carmine dye onto chitin and chitosan from aqueous solutions was followed in a batch system. The ability of these materials to adsorb indigo carmine dye from aqueous solution was followed through a series of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14057788" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The adsorption of indigo carmine dye onto chitin and chitosan from aqueous solutions was followed in a batch system. The ability of these materials to adsorb indigo carmine dye from aqueous solution was followed through a series of adsorption isotherms adjusted to a modified Langmuir equation. The maximum number of moles adsorbed was 1.24±0.16×10−5 and 1.54±0.03×10−4 molg−1 for chitin and</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14057788" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2b165f613aece2699a3d5468d8f92f35" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44650011,"asset_id":14057788,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44650011/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33074894" href="https://ifgoias.academia.edu/ElaineFaria">Elaine Faria</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33074894" type="text/json">{"id":33074894,"first_name":"Elaine","last_name":"Faria","domain_name":"ifgoias","page_name":"ElaineFaria","display_name":"Elaine Faria","profile_url":"https://ifgoias.academia.edu/ElaineFaria?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14057788 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14057788"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14057788, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14057788", }); 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antifouling protection and Folic acid binding to achieve selective cell targeting</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6540637" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="89534eb04164c04f1de61769bc0a5c73" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48816647,"asset_id":6540637,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Cytometry">Flow Cytometry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6599" type="text/json">{"id":6599,"name":"Flow Cytometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Cytometry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6540637]'), work: {"id":6540637,"title":"Layer by layer chitosan/alginate coatings on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles for antifouling protection and Folic acid binding to achieve selective cell 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Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biocompatible_Materials?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1115377,"name":"Colloid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colloid?f_ri=9130"},{"id":2285371,"name":"D-glucuronic acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/D-glucuronic_acid?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26946238" data-work_id="26946238" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26946238/Defluoridation_using_biomimetically_synthesized_nano_zirconium_chitosan_composite_Kinetic_and_equilibrium_studies">Defluoridation using biomimetically synthesized nano zirconium chitosan composite: Kinetic and equilibrium studies</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul 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data-has-card-for-ri="48" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4987" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics">Kinetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4987" type="text/json">{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5467" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomimetics">Biomimetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5467" type="text/json">{"id":5467,"name":"Biomimetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomimetics?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" 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type="text/json">{"id":2699,"name":"Tissue Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tissue_Engineering?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4987" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics">Kinetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4987" type="text/json">{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6599" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Cytometry">Flow Cytometry</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6599" type="text/json">{"id":6599,"name":"Flow Cytometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Cytometry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15116737]'), work: {"id":15116737,"title":"In vitro characterization of chitosan–gelatin 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Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shear_Stress?f_ri=9130"},{"id":190525,"name":"Gelatin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gelatin?f_ri=9130"},{"id":413195,"name":"Time Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Factors?f_ri=9130"},{"id":504035,"name":"Three Dimensional","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Three_Dimensional?f_ri=9130"},{"id":954995,"name":"Human Fibroblasts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Fibroblasts?f_ri=9130"},{"id":973999,"name":"Tensile Strength","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tensile_Strength?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1031067,"name":"Biocompatible Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biocompatible_Materials?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1137254,"name":"Hydrogen-Ion Concentration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogen-Ion_Concentration?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1157148,"name":"Cell 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Irradiation-Assisted Synthesis of a Novel Crown Ether Crosslinked Chitosan as a Chelating Agent for Heavy Metal Ions (M+n)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12652520" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0d58c00f5a00d0088db03f0838fc8c50" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46026787,"asset_id":12652520,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adsorption">Adsorption</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="39752" type="text/json">{"id":39752,"name":"Adsorption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adsorption?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57697" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_metals">Heavy metals</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57697" type="text/json">{"id":57697,"name":"Heavy metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heavy_metals?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12652520]'), work: {"id":12652520,"title":"Microwave Irradiation-Assisted Synthesis of a Novel Crown Ether Crosslinked Chitosan as a Chelating Agent for Heavy Metal Ions 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itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31910595" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnilKishen">Anil Kishen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31910595" type="text/json">{"id":31910595,"first_name":"Anil","last_name":"Kishen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnilKishen","display_name":"Anil Kishen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnilKishen?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_24557150 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="24557150"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 24557150, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_24557150", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_24557150 InlineList-item 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itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16874628/Chitosan_in_situ_gelation_for_improved_drug_loading_and_retention_in_poloxamer_407_gels">Chitosan in situ gelation for improved drug loading and retention in poloxamer 407 gels</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A method for the in situ gelation of poloxamers and the mucoadhesive polymer chitosan has been developed by exploiting the tendency of poloxamer solution to form gel at physiological temperatures and of chitosan (CT) to form ionotropic... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_16874628" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A method for the in situ gelation of poloxamers and the mucoadhesive polymer chitosan has been developed by exploiting the tendency of poloxamer solution to form gel at physiological temperatures and of chitosan (CT) to form ionotropic gel structures in the presence of sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP). Novel poloxamer gels containing CT-TPP complex formed in situ during the administration were prepared by mixing poloxamer-CT and poloxamer-TPP solutions in double syringes. The micellization and gelation of poloxamer 407 in the presence of chitosan and/or TPP were studied using differential scanning calorimetry and tube inversion; both additives were found to reduce the critical micellization temperature and critical gelation temperature of poloxamer aqueous solution. The poloxamer gels containing CT-TPP complex formed in situ were found to exhibit reduced dissolution rate and superior release characteristics with three different drugs--metoprolol, doxycycline and flufenamic acid. Furthermore, by varying the compositions of the two solutions independently, it is possible to control the pH in a way to suit the solubilization of a drug as well as the specific environment of a particular application site. By varying the concentrations of chitosan, TPP and poloxamer, the delivery system can be fine-tuned to afford gels with specific properties, ranging from nanoparticle suspensions to semisolid gels. These in situ gels have the potential to increase the utility of thermo-reversible poloxamers in drug delivery.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/16874628" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1f6577f074141734ae9772388f2cfbb9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42380678,"asset_id":16874628,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42380678/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="36347414" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StaffanTavelin">Staffan Tavelin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="36347414" type="text/json">{"id":36347414,"first_name":"Staffan","last_name":"Tavelin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StaffanTavelin","display_name":"Staffan Tavelin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StaffanTavelin?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_16874628 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="16874628"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 16874628, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_16874628", }); 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Novel poloxamer gels containing CT-TPP complex formed in situ during the administration were prepared by mixing poloxamer-CT and poloxamer-TPP solutions in double syringes. The micellization and gelation of poloxamer 407 in the presence of chitosan and/or TPP were studied using differential scanning calorimetry and tube inversion; both additives were found to reduce the critical micellization temperature and critical gelation temperature of poloxamer aqueous solution. The poloxamer gels containing CT-TPP complex formed in situ were found to exhibit reduced dissolution rate and superior release characteristics with three different drugs--metoprolol, doxycycline and flufenamic acid. Furthermore, by varying the compositions of the two solutions independently, it is possible to control the pH in a way to suit the solubilization of a drug as well as the specific environment of a particular application site. By varying the concentrations of chitosan, TPP and poloxamer, the delivery system can be fine-tuned to afford gels with specific properties, ranging from nanoparticle suspensions to semisolid gels. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry">Analytical Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="524" type="text/json">{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutical_Chemistry">Pharmaceutical Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23390" type="text/json">{"id":23390,"name":"Pharmaceutical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutical_Chemistry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a 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Carriers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Carriers?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1137107,"name":"Delayed-Action Preparations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Delayed-Action_Preparations?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1137112,"name":"Ophthalmic Solutions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmic_Solutions?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_21707973" data-work_id="21707973" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21707973/Chitosan_clay_composite_as_highly_effective_and_low_cost_adsorbent_for_batch_and_fixed_bed_adsorption_of_methylene_blue">Chitosan–clay composite as highly effective and low-cost adsorbent for batch and fixed-bed adsorption of methylene blue</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Modified Ball clay was coalesced with chitosan to form composite adsorbent (MBC–CH). MBC–CH gave high adsorption of methylene blue in batch and fixed-bed systems. MBC–CH activity can be sustained on the event of adsorption system failure.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_21707973" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Modified Ball clay was coalesced with chitosan to form composite adsorbent (MBC–CH). MBC–CH gave high adsorption of methylene blue in batch and fixed-bed systems. MBC–CH activity can be sustained on the event of adsorption system failure. MBC–CH can be regenerated and reused in many cycles of adsorption with resilience. a b s t r a c t Modified Ball clay (MBC) and chitosan composite (MBC–CH) was prepared and its application for meth-ylene blue (MB) adsorption from aqueous solution in an industrial prototype fixed-bed column adsorp-tion was investigated. Morphological structure and functional groups of the MBC–CH were determined by scanning electron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, respectively. Batch adsorption studies revealed that MB adsorption on MBC–CH increased with increase in initial concentration and solution pH 4–12. Study on effect of some inorganic salts on MB adsorption revealed that sodium sulphate anions ðSO 2À 4 Þ had greater inhibition effect than those of sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate on both MBC and MBC–CH. The effects of initial concentration (30–300 mg/L), adsorbent bed height (2.5–4.5 cm) and influent flow rate (5–10 mL/min) on fixed-bed column adsorption breakthrough curves were evaluated. Column sorption capacities were 70 mg/g for MBC and 142 mg/g for MBC–CH. Dynamic modeling analysis revealed that Bohart–Adams model can best be used to predict the effluent breakthrough curves for successful design of MB adsorption than Yoon–Nelson model. Adsorption system failure studies showed that the adsorbents were resilient with some improvement observed at time of exhaustion and increased volume of effluent treated. The MBC–CH had above 50% adsorption uptake capacity after five regeneration cycles, this was higher than MBC. Adsorption of MB on MBC–CH was spontaneous, endothermic and had great affinity between the adsorbate and adsorbent. The findings of this study revealed that MBC–CH is a potential adsorbent for cationic dye pollution remediation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/21707973" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1a4cd6299aac3631aee3c4b4b6ad95fd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42426674,"asset_id":21707973,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42426674/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6309698" href="https://qu.academia.edu/BassimHameed">Bassim H Hameed</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6309698" type="text/json">{"id":6309698,"first_name":"Bassim","last_name":"Hameed","domain_name":"qu","page_name":"BassimHameed","display_name":"Bassim H Hameed","profile_url":"https://qu.academia.edu/BassimHameed?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6309698/10491348/11706157/s65_bassim.hameed.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_21707973 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="21707973"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 21707973, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_21707973", }); 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MBC–CH gave high adsorption of methylene blue in batch and fixed-bed systems. MBC–CH activity can be sustained on the event of adsorption system failure. MBC–CH can be regenerated and reused in many cycles of adsorption with resilience. a b s t r a c t Modified Ball clay (MBC) and chitosan composite (MBC–CH) was prepared and its application for meth-ylene blue (MB) adsorption from aqueous solution in an industrial prototype fixed-bed column adsorp-tion was investigated. Morphological structure and functional groups of the MBC–CH were determined by scanning electron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, respectively. Batch adsorption studies revealed that MB adsorption on MBC–CH increased with increase in initial concentration and solution pH 4–12. Study on effect of some inorganic salts on MB adsorption revealed that sodium sulphate anions ðSO 2À 4 Þ had greater inhibition effect than those of sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate on both MBC and MBC–CH. The effects of initial concentration (30–300 mg/L), adsorbent bed height (2.5–4.5 cm) and influent flow rate (5–10 mL/min) on fixed-bed column adsorption breakthrough curves were evaluated. Column sorption capacities were 70 mg/g for MBC and 142 mg/g for MBC–CH. Dynamic modeling analysis revealed that Bohart–Adams model can best be used to predict the effluent breakthrough curves for successful design of MB adsorption than Yoon–Nelson model. Adsorption system failure studies showed that the adsorbents were resilient with some improvement observed at time of exhaustion and increased volume of effluent treated. The MBC–CH had above 50% adsorption uptake capacity after five regeneration cycles, this was higher than MBC. Adsorption of MB on MBC–CH was spontaneous, endothermic and had great affinity between the adsorbate and adsorbent. The findings of this study revealed that MBC–CH is a potential adsorbent for cationic dye pollution remediation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42426674,"asset_id":21707973,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6309698,"first_name":"Bassim","last_name":"Hameed","domain_name":"qu","page_name":"BassimHameed","display_name":"Bassim H Hameed","profile_url":"https://qu.academia.edu/BassimHameed?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6309698/10491348/11706157/s65_bassim.hameed.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4496,"name":"Composites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composites?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":39752,"name":"Adsorption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adsorption?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":152174,"name":"Clays","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clays?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":196381,"name":"Methylene Blue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Methylene_Blue?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34306445" data-work_id="34306445" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34306445/Modified_alginate_and_chitosan_for_lactic_acid_bacteria_immobilization">Modified alginate and chitosan for lactic acid bacteria immobilization</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Beads with enhanced-stability acid media, which were based on alginate and chitosan functionalized by succinylation (increasing the anionic charges able to retain protons) or by acylation (improving matrix hydrophobicity), were developed... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34306445" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Beads with enhanced-stability acid media, which were based on alginate and chitosan functionalized by succinylation (increasing the anionic charges able to retain protons) or by acylation (improving matrix hydrophobicity), were developed for immobilization of bacterial cells. Beads (3 mm diameter) formed by ionotropic gelation with CaCl(2) presented good mechanical characteristics. After 30 min incubation of viable free Lactobacillus rhamnosus cells in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.5), we noticed that the level of viable bacteria was undetectable. Bacterial immobilization in native-alginate-based beads generated a viable-cell count of 22-26%, whereas, when entrapped in succinylated alginate and chitosan beads, the percentage of viable cells was of 60 and 66%, respectively. Best viability (87%) was found for bacteria immobilized in N -palmitoylaminoethyl alginate, which affords a high protective effect, probably due to long alkyl pendants that improve the beads&#39; hydrophobicity, l...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34306445" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6d017507ee0c947df2bab6425513e3a1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54208699,"asset_id":34306445,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54208699/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13229174" href="https://independent.academia.edu/tienle12">tien le</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13229174" type="text/json">{"id":13229174,"first_name":"tien","last_name":"le","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"tienle12","display_name":"tien le","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/tienle12?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34306445 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34306445"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34306445, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34306445", }); 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Beads (3 mm diameter) formed by ionotropic gelation with CaCl(2) presented good mechanical characteristics. After 30 min incubation of viable free Lactobacillus rhamnosus cells in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.5), we noticed that the level of viable bacteria was undetectable. Bacterial immobilization in native-alginate-based beads generated a viable-cell count of 22-26%, whereas, when entrapped in succinylated alginate and chitosan beads, the percentage of viable cells was of 60 and 66%, respectively. Best viability (87%) was found for bacteria immobilized in N -palmitoylaminoethyl alginate, which affords a high protective effect, probably due to long alkyl pendants that improve the beads\u0026#39; hydrophobicity, l...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54208699,"asset_id":34306445,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13229174,"first_name":"tien","last_name":"le","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"tienle12","display_name":"tien 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itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2334576" href="https://iitd.academia.edu/RoliVerma">Roli Verma</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2334576" type="text/json">{"id":2334576,"first_name":"Roli","last_name":"Verma","domain_name":"iitd","page_name":"RoliVerma","display_name":"Roli Verma","profile_url":"https://iitd.academia.edu/RoliVerma?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2334576/737336/915357/s65_roli.verma.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14680515 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14680515"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14680515, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14680515", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_14680515 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Chemistry">Food Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16137" type="text/json">{"id":16137,"name":"Food Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Chemistry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21466" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymers">Polymers</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21466" type="text/json">{"id":21466,"name":"Polymers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymers?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28235" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary">Multidisciplinary</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28235" type="text/json">{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new 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Fibers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Fibers?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1257974,"name":"Ions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ions?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45641882" data-work_id="45641882" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45641882/Application_of_Herbs_for_Wound_Dressings_Review">Application of Herbs for Wound Dressings - Review</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A dressing is a sterile pad or compress applied to a wound to promote healing and protect the wound from further damage. Wounds are defined as self healing process but chronic wounds needs better handling and care from different... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45641882" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A dressing is a sterile pad or compress applied to a wound to promote healing and protect the wound from further damage. Wounds are defined as self healing process but chronic wounds needs better handling and care from different parameters like moist conditions, application of herbs biocompatibility, and microbial infections. Wound dressing gives excellent wound healing than conventional/ traditional wound dressing. Some of the examples are Hydrogels, hydrocolloid, mapilex foam, etc. Traditional wound dressing is used to treat minor injuries like cuts. Eg: Normal saline and guaze. Several studies have documented the use of plant extracts for development of bioactive wound dressing. This review focuses on bioactive substances, natural and modified polysaccharides, proteins and synthetic materials in wound dressing for wound healing. Ideal wound dressing should achieve the wound healing with less time and cost. Significance of synthetic polymer films, foam dressing, hydrocolloids, hydrogels, and alginate dressing and their properties conforming the wound healing have been reviewed. Plant derived compounds which have anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, high levels of antioxidants could be benefited for wound healing. Vegetal and bee products such as honey, Propolis and many more used in wound dressing as a bioactive substance is also discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45641882" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f8dbc9799a4e823098b0b71100cc4e90" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66137497,"asset_id":45641882,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66137497/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="28791139" href="https://mahendra.academia.edu/InternationalJournalofAdvancedScienceandEngineeringIJASE">International Journal of Advanced Science and Engineering (IJASE)</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28791139" type="text/json">{"id":28791139,"first_name":"International Journal of Advanced Science and Engineering","last_name":"(IJASE)","domain_name":"mahendra","page_name":"InternationalJournalofAdvancedScienceandEngineeringIJASE","display_name":"International Journal of Advanced Science and Engineering (IJASE)","profile_url":"https://mahendra.academia.edu/InternationalJournalofAdvancedScienceandEngineeringIJASE?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28791139/8740439/9761840/s65_ijase.ijase.jpg_oh_03252cfbcc4dfcd87b1bd05018b79377_oe_55d61038___gda___1440912954_a23dfc1696ad453bff2a0606f3956889"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45641882 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45641882"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45641882, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45641882", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45641882]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45641882").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45641882").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45641882"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8991" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wound_Healing">Wound Healing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8991" type="text/json">{"id":8991,"name":"Wound Healing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wound_Healing?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57760" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alginate">Alginate</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57760" type="text/json">{"id":57760,"name":"Alginate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alginate?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="381123" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Novel_wound_dressings">Novel wound dressings</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="381123" type="text/json">{"id":381123,"name":"Novel wound dressings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Novel_wound_dressings?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45641882]'), work: {"id":45641882,"title":"Application of Herbs for Wound Dressings - Review","created_at":"2021-03-30T04:02:36.270-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45641882/Application_of_Herbs_for_Wound_Dressings_Review?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_45641882","summary":"A dressing is a sterile pad or compress applied to a wound to promote healing and protect the wound from further damage. Wounds are defined as self healing process but chronic wounds needs better handling and care from different parameters like moist conditions, application of herbs biocompatibility, and microbial infections. Wound dressing gives excellent wound healing than conventional/ traditional wound dressing. Some of the examples are Hydrogels, hydrocolloid, mapilex foam, etc. Traditional wound dressing is used to treat minor injuries like cuts. Eg: Normal saline and guaze. Several studies have documented the use of plant extracts for development of bioactive wound dressing. This review focuses on bioactive substances, natural and modified polysaccharides, proteins and synthetic materials in wound dressing for wound healing. Ideal wound dressing should achieve the wound healing with less time and cost. Significance of synthetic polymer films, foam dressing, hydrocolloids, hydrogels, and alginate dressing and their properties conforming the wound healing have been reviewed. Plant derived compounds which have anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, high levels of antioxidants could be benefited for wound healing. Vegetal and bee products such as honey, Propolis and many more used in wound dressing as a bioactive substance is also discussed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66137497,"asset_id":45641882,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":28791139,"first_name":"International Journal of Advanced Science and Engineering","last_name":"(IJASE)","domain_name":"mahendra","page_name":"InternationalJournalofAdvancedScienceandEngineeringIJASE","display_name":"International Journal of Advanced Science and Engineering (IJASE)","profile_url":"https://mahendra.academia.edu/InternationalJournalofAdvancedScienceandEngineeringIJASE?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28791139/8740439/9761840/s65_ijase.ijase.jpg_oh_03252cfbcc4dfcd87b1bd05018b79377_oe_55d61038___gda___1440912954_a23dfc1696ad453bff2a0606f3956889"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8991,"name":"Wound Healing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wound_Healing?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":57760,"name":"Alginate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alginate?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":381123,"name":"Novel wound dressings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Novel_wound_dressings?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28072615" data-work_id="28072615" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28072615/Elimination_of_reactive_blue_4_from_aqueous_solutions_using_3_aminopropyl_triethoxysilane_modified_chitosan_beads">Elimination of reactive blue 4 from aqueous solutions using 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane modified chitosan beads</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28072615" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ae35a84112fa365c07504ce692c285c2" rel="nofollow" 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type="text/json">{"id":32849001,"first_name":"Mohammadtaghi","last_name":"Vakili","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MohammadtaghiVakili","display_name":"Mohammadtaghi Vakili","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MohammadtaghiVakili?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28072615 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28072615"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28072615, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28072615", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_28072615 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { 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Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organic_Chemistry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2215" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water">Water</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2215" type="text/json">{"id":2215,"name":"Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4987" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics">Kinetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4987" type="text/json">{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=28072615]'), work: {"id":28072615,"title":"Elimination of reactive blue 4 from aqueous solutions using 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane modified chitosan beads","created_at":"2016-08-28T12:28:34.453-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/28072615/Elimination_of_reactive_blue_4_from_aqueous_solutions_using_3_aminopropyl_triethoxysilane_modified_chitosan_beads?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_28072615","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48387086,"asset_id":28072615,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32849001,"first_name":"Mohammadtaghi","last_name":"Vakili","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MohammadtaghiVakili","display_name":"Mohammadtaghi Vakili","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MohammadtaghiVakili?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":522,"name":"Thermodynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermodynamics?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":531,"name":"Organic 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})();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26718821" data-work_id="26718821" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26718821/Reconstruction_of_parodontal_tissue_with_chitosan">Reconstruction of parodontal tissue with chitosan</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26718821" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cc35685da6439b798c5254bd4dd8a080" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46999778,"asset_id":26718821,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46999778/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50713121" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RMuzzarelli">R. Muzzarelli</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50713121" type="text/json">{"id":50713121,"first_name":"R.","last_name":"Muzzarelli","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RMuzzarelli","display_name":"R. Muzzarelli","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RMuzzarelli?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26718821 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26718821"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26718821, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26718821", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_26718821 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26718821; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_26718821"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_26718821 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26718821"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26718821; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26718821]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26718821").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26718821").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26718821"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2184" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Microscopy">Electron Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2184" type="text/json">{"id":2184,"name":"Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2698" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomaterials">Biomaterials</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2698" type="text/json">{"id":2698,"name":"Biomaterials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomaterials?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10655" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy">Scanning Electron Microscopy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="10655" type="text/json">{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26718821]'), work: {"id":26718821,"title":"Reconstruction of parodontal tissue with chitosan","created_at":"2016-07-04T05:26:34.913-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26718821/Reconstruction_of_parodontal_tissue_with_chitosan?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_26718821","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46999778,"asset_id":26718821,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50713121,"first_name":"R.","last_name":"Muzzarelli","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RMuzzarelli","display_name":"R. Muzzarelli","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RMuzzarelli?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2184,"name":"Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":2698,"name":"Biomaterials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomaterials?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=9130"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=9130"},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=9130"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=9130"},{"id":295155,"name":"Middle Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Aged?f_ri=9130"},{"id":352757,"name":"Ascorbic Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ascorbic_Acid?f_ri=9130"},{"id":382075,"name":"Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult?f_ri=9130"},{"id":552210,"name":"Periodontitis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Periodontitis?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1031067,"name":"Biocompatible Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biocompatible_Materials?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1169238,"name":"Chitin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitin?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22669154" data-work_id="22669154" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22669154/Ultrasonication_and_steam_explosion_as_chitin_pretreatments_for_chitin_oligosaccharide_production_by_chitinases_of_Lecanicillium_lecanii">Ultrasonication and steam-explosion as chitin pretreatments for chitin oligosaccharide production by chitinases of Lecanicillium lecanii</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this study, chitin oligosaccharides have been successfully produced using chitinases from submerged fermentation of Lecanicillium lecanii. The highest Hex, Chit and Prot production was 0.14, 0.26 and 2.05U/mg of protein, respectively,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22669154" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this study, chitin oligosaccharides have been successfully produced using chitinases from submerged fermentation of Lecanicillium lecanii. The highest Hex, Chit and Prot production was 0.14, 0.26 and 2.05U/mg of protein, respectively, which were attained varying pH from 5 to 8 after 96h. Culture conditions conducted at constant pH of 6 resulted in significantly lower enzyme production. The crude enzyme was partially purified by salting out with (NH4)2SO4 followed by size exclusion chromatography to isolate the chitinase mixture for further chitin hydrolysis assays. In this regard, chitin substrates were pretreated with sonication and steam explosion prior to enzymatic reaction. Structural changes were observed with steam explosion with 11.28% reduction of the crystallinity index attained with the lowest chitin/water ratio (0.1g/mL). Pretreated chitins reached the highest production of reducing sugars (0.37mg/mL) and GlcNAc (0.59mg/mL) in 23.6% yield.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22669154" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fa3903e78a765395429ffc0ad8617d06" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43256176,"asset_id":22669154,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43256176/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7800356" href="https://uam-mx.academia.edu/KeikoShirai">Keiko Shirai</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7800356" type="text/json">{"id":7800356,"first_name":"Keiko","last_name":"Shirai","domain_name":"uam-mx","page_name":"KeikoShirai","display_name":"Keiko Shirai","profile_url":"https://uam-mx.academia.edu/KeikoShirai?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22669154 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22669154"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22669154, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22669154", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22669154]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_22669154").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_22669154").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="22669154"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12597" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystallization">Crystallization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12597" type="text/json">{"id":12597,"name":"Crystallization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystallization?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28235" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary">Multidisciplinary</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28235" type="text/json">{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="55163" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enzymes">Enzymes</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="55163" type="text/json">{"id":55163,"name":"Enzymes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enzymes?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=22669154]'), work: {"id":22669154,"title":"Ultrasonication and steam-explosion as chitin pretreatments for chitin oligosaccharide production by chitinases of Lecanicillium lecanii","created_at":"2016-03-01T19:18:02.445-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/22669154/Ultrasonication_and_steam_explosion_as_chitin_pretreatments_for_chitin_oligosaccharide_production_by_chitinases_of_Lecanicillium_lecanii?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_22669154","summary":"In this study, chitin oligosaccharides have been successfully produced using chitinases from submerged fermentation of Lecanicillium lecanii. The highest Hex, Chit and Prot production was 0.14, 0.26 and 2.05U/mg of protein, respectively, which were attained varying pH from 5 to 8 after 96h. Culture conditions conducted at constant pH of 6 resulted in significantly lower enzyme production. The crude enzyme was partially purified by salting out with (NH4)2SO4 followed by size exclusion chromatography to isolate the chitinase mixture for further chitin hydrolysis assays. In this regard, chitin substrates were pretreated with sonication and steam explosion prior to enzymatic reaction. Structural changes were observed with steam explosion with 11.28% reduction of the crystallinity index attained with the lowest chitin/water ratio (0.1g/mL). Pretreated chitins reached the highest production of reducing sugars (0.37mg/mL) and GlcNAc (0.59mg/mL) in 23.6% yield.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43256176,"asset_id":22669154,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7800356,"first_name":"Keiko","last_name":"Shirai","domain_name":"uam-mx","page_name":"KeikoShirai","display_name":"Keiko Shirai","profile_url":"https://uam-mx.academia.edu/KeikoShirai?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":12597,"name":"Crystallization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystallization?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":55163,"name":"Enzymes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enzymes?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":118812,"name":"Ultrasonics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ultrasonics?f_ri=9130"},{"id":133177,"name":"Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature?f_ri=9130"},{"id":269129,"name":"Fermentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fermentation?f_ri=9130"},{"id":413195,"name":"Time Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Factors?f_ri=9130"},{"id":529713,"name":"Chitinase","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitinase?f_ri=9130"},{"id":609249,"name":"CARBOHYDRATES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CARBOHYDRATES?f_ri=9130"},{"id":681602,"name":"STEAM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/STEAM?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1030794,"name":"Hydrolysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrolysis?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1137254,"name":"Hydrogen-Ion Concentration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogen-Ion_Concentration?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1169238,"name":"Chitin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitin?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1974871,"name":"Oligosaccharides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oligosaccharides?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8897844" data-work_id="8897844" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8897844/Antibacterial_Properties_of_Carboxymethylchitosan_Viscose_Blended_Films">Antibacterial Properties of Carboxymethylchitosan/Viscose Blended Films</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Modification of Chitosan(CS) using monochloroacetic acid in the presence of sodium hydroxide under different reaction conditions were studied to determine the optimum conditions for preparing the carboxymethylchitosan (O-CMCS). The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8897844" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Modification of Chitosan(CS) using monochloroacetic acid in the presence of sodium hydroxide under different reaction conditions were studied to determine the optimum conditions for preparing the carboxymethylchitosan (O-CMCS). The prepared O-CMCS was characterized by its nitrogen content, degree of substitution and its water solubility under different pH values. O-CMCS / viscose blended films were prepared by mixing O-CMCS and cellulose xanthate in water as co-solvent, and the mixture is regenerated in a coagulation bath. The obtained O-CMCS / viscose blended films were characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of blended films was carried out via bacterial count method. The blend films showed good antibacterial activity, in addition the tensile strength decreases as the O-CMCs percent increases.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8897844" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="75df66df1e8fe13e6a9ae724830d5111" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35227229,"asset_id":8897844,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35227229/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16254186" href="https://jouf.academia.edu/ManalElSheikh">Manal A . El-Sheikh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16254186" type="text/json">{"id":16254186,"first_name":"Manal","last_name":"El-Sheikh","domain_name":"jouf","page_name":"ManalElSheikh","display_name":"Manal A . El-Sheikh","profile_url":"https://jouf.academia.edu/ManalElSheikh?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16254186/4405194/6217819/s65_manal_a..el-sheikh.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8897844 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8897844"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8897844, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8897844", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_8897844 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8897844; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_8897844"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_8897844 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8897844"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8897844; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8897844]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8897844").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8897844").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8897844"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8897844]'), work: {"id":8897844,"title":"Antibacterial Properties of Carboxymethylchitosan/Viscose Blended Films","created_at":"2014-10-21T18:06:37.646-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8897844/Antibacterial_Properties_of_Carboxymethylchitosan_Viscose_Blended_Films?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_8897844","summary":"Modification of Chitosan(CS) using monochloroacetic acid in the presence of sodium hydroxide under different reaction conditions were studied to determine the optimum conditions for preparing the carboxymethylchitosan (O-CMCS). The prepared O-CMCS was characterized by its nitrogen content, degree of substitution and its water solubility under different pH values. O-CMCS / viscose blended films were prepared by mixing O-CMCS and cellulose xanthate in water as co-solvent, and the mixture is regenerated in a coagulation bath. The obtained O-CMCS / viscose blended films were characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of blended films was carried out via bacterial count method. The blend films showed good antibacterial activity, in addition the tensile strength decreases as the O-CMCs percent increases.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35227229,"asset_id":8897844,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16254186,"first_name":"Manal","last_name":"El-Sheikh","domain_name":"jouf","page_name":"ManalElSheikh","display_name":"Manal A . El-Sheikh","profile_url":"https://jouf.academia.edu/ManalElSheikh?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16254186/4405194/6217819/s65_manal_a..el-sheikh.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15333146" data-work_id="15333146" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15333146/Antibacterial_Activity_of_Crab_Chitosan_against_Staphylococcus_aureus_and_Escherichia_coli">Antibacterial Activity of Crab-Chitosan against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15333146" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ae4b8314ba425e8b855ae3a393911352" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38638914,"asset_id":15333146,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38638914/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34448694" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Unpad">Apoteker Unpad</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34448694" type="text/json">{"id":34448694,"first_name":"Apoteker","last_name":"Unpad","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"Unpad","display_name":"Apoteker Unpad","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Unpad?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34448694/10977331/12250780/s65_apoteker.unpad.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15333146 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15333146"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15333146, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15333146", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_15333146 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15333146; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_15333146"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_15333146 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15333146"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15333146; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15333146]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15333146").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15333146").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15333146"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="290432" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antibacterial_activity">Antibacterial activity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="290432" type="text/json">{"id":290432,"name":"Antibacterial activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antibacterial_activity?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15333146]'), work: {"id":15333146,"title":"Antibacterial Activity of Crab-Chitosan against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli","created_at":"2015-09-01T16:48:55.342-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15333146/Antibacterial_Activity_of_Crab_Chitosan_against_Staphylococcus_aureus_and_Escherichia_coli?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_15333146","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38638914,"asset_id":15333146,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34448694,"first_name":"Apoteker","last_name":"Unpad","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"Unpad","display_name":"Apoteker Unpad","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Unpad?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34448694/10977331/12250780/s65_apoteker.unpad.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":290432,"name":"Antibacterial activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antibacterial_activity?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":343187,"name":"S. aureus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/S._aureus?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1258207,"name":"E Coli","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E_Coli?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1458664,"name":"Crab Shell","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crab_Shell?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6166682" data-work_id="6166682" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6166682/Chitosan_microencapsulation_of_various_essential_oils_to_enhance_the_functional_properties_of_cotton_fabrics">Chitosan microencapsulation of various essential oils to enhance the functional properties of cotton fabrics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6166682" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa 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itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="281060" href="https://ntupk.academia.edu/TanveerHussain">Tanveer Hussain</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="281060" type="text/json">{"id":281060,"first_name":"Tanveer","last_name":"Hussain","domain_name":"ntupk","page_name":"TanveerHussain","display_name":"Tanveer Hussain","profile_url":"https://ntupk.academia.edu/TanveerHussain?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/281060/69072/290742/s65_tanveer.hussain.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6166682 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6166682"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6166682, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6166682", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6166682 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6166682; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6166682"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6166682 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6166682"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6166682; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6166682]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6166682").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6166682").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6166682"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22888" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Textile_Engineering">Textile Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22888" type="text/json">{"id":22888,"name":"Textile Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Textile_Engineering?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25645" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antimicrobials">Antimicrobials</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25645" type="text/json">{"id":25645,"name":"Antimicrobials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antimicrobials?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57800" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microencapsulation">Microencapsulation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57800" type="text/json">{"id":57800,"name":"Microencapsulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microencapsulation?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6166682]'), work: {"id":6166682,"title":"Chitosan microencapsulation of various essential oils to enhance the functional properties of cotton fabrics","created_at":"2014-02-21T22:50:49.795-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6166682/Chitosan_microencapsulation_of_various_essential_oils_to_enhance_the_functional_properties_of_cotton_fabrics?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_6166682","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33054007,"asset_id":6166682,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":281060,"first_name":"Tanveer","last_name":"Hussain","domain_name":"ntupk","page_name":"TanveerHussain","display_name":"Tanveer Hussain","profile_url":"https://ntupk.academia.edu/TanveerHussain?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/281060/69072/290742/s65_tanveer.hussain.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":22888,"name":"Textile Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Textile_Engineering?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":25645,"name":"Antimicrobials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antimicrobials?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":57800,"name":"Microencapsulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microencapsulation?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":80668,"name":"Cotton","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cotton?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11306269" data-work_id="11306269" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11306269/Effectiveness_of_chitosan_against_wine_related_microorganisms">Effectiveness of chitosan against wine-related microorganisms</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11306269" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4b2ebe60a6a98666027ff4f49d26b481" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46764015,"asset_id":11306269,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46764015/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27342027" href="https://independent.academia.edu/G%C3%B6k%C5%9FenG%C3%BClg%C3%B6r">Gökşen Gülgör</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27342027" type="text/json">{"id":27342027,"first_name":"Gökşen","last_name":"Gülgör","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GökşenGülgör","display_name":"Gökşen Gülgör","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/G%C3%B6k%C5%9FenG%C3%BClg%C3%B6r?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11306269 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11306269"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11306269, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11306269", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11306269 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11306269; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11306269"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11306269 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11306269"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11306269; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11306269]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11306269").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11306269").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11306269"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38516" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wine">Wine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="38516" type="text/json">{"id":38516,"name":"Wine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wine?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11306269]'), work: {"id":11306269,"title":"Effectiveness of chitosan against wine-related microorganisms","created_at":"2015-03-06T06:46:43.905-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11306269/Effectiveness_of_chitosan_against_wine_related_microorganisms?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_11306269","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46764015,"asset_id":11306269,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27342027,"first_name":"Gökşen","last_name":"Gülgör","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GökşenGülgör","display_name":"Gökşen Gülgör","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/G%C3%B6k%C5%9FenG%C3%BClg%C3%B6r?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":38516,"name":"Wine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wine?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":106368,"name":"Lactobacillus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lactobacillus?f_ri=9130"},{"id":561014,"name":"Microbial Sensitivity Tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbial_Sensitivity_Tests?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1327853,"name":"Sulfur Dioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sulfur_Dioxide?f_ri=9130"},{"id":2196324,"name":"Oenococcus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oenococcus?f_ri=9130"},{"id":2467566,"name":"Molecular Sequence Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Sequence_Data?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9280916" data-work_id="9280916" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9280916/Synthesis_and_Characterisation_of_CaCO3_Calcite_Nano_Particles_from_Cockle_Shells_Using_Chitosan_as_Precursor">Synthesis and Characterisation of CaCO3 (Calcite) Nano Particles from Cockle Shells Using Chitosan as Precursor</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Calcium carbonate nano particles were synthesized using precipitation method from cockle shells by employing chitosan as precursor. Synthesized Calcium carbonates were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9280916" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Calcium carbonate nano particles were synthesized <br />using precipitation method from cockle shells by employing <br />chitosan as precursor. Synthesized Calcium carbonates were <br />characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray <br />diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible and FTIR Spectroscopy. The <br />results were compared with commercial calcium carbonate nano <br />particles. Cockle shells are the potential source of calcium <br />carbonate.  The materials used were naturally occurring and also <br />from the byproducts of sea food industry. The adopted methods <br />were cost effective and ecofriendly.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9280916" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cd5d9a8d464bbc4771ef43b24c49240e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35544350,"asset_id":9280916,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35544350/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="17711752" href="https://ijsrp.academia.edu/ijsrporg">IJSRP Journal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="17711752" type="text/json">{"id":17711752,"first_name":"IJSRP","last_name":"Journal","domain_name":"ijsrp","page_name":"ijsrporg","display_name":"IJSRP Journal","profile_url":"https://ijsrp.academia.edu/ijsrporg?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/17711752/5071259/5816444/s65_ijsrp.org.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9280916 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9280916"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9280916, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9280916", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9280916 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9280916; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9280916"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9280916 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9280916"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9280916; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9280916]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9280916").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9280916").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9280916"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="41538" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synthesis">Synthesis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="41538" type="text/json">{"id":41538,"name":"Synthesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synthesis?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="171836" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nano_Particles">Nano Particles</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="171836" type="text/json">{"id":171836,"name":"Nano Particles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nano_Particles?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="515812" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CaCo3">CaCo3</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="515812" type="text/json">{"id":515812,"name":"CaCo3","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CaCo3?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9280916]'), work: {"id":9280916,"title":"Synthesis and Characterisation of CaCO3 (Calcite) Nano Particles from Cockle Shells Using Chitosan as Precursor","created_at":"2014-11-12T19:50:25.556-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9280916/Synthesis_and_Characterisation_of_CaCO3_Calcite_Nano_Particles_from_Cockle_Shells_Using_Chitosan_as_Precursor?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_9280916","summary":"Calcium carbonate nano particles were synthesized \r\nusing precipitation method from cockle shells by employing \r\nchitosan as precursor. Synthesized Calcium carbonates were \r\ncharacterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray \r\ndiffraction (XRD), UV-Visible and FTIR Spectroscopy. The \r\nresults were compared with commercial calcium carbonate nano \r\nparticles. Cockle shells are the potential source of calcium \r\ncarbonate. The materials used were naturally occurring and also \r\nfrom the byproducts of sea food industry. The adopted methods \r\nwere cost effective and ecofriendly.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35544350,"asset_id":9280916,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":17711752,"first_name":"IJSRP","last_name":"Journal","domain_name":"ijsrp","page_name":"ijsrporg","display_name":"IJSRP Journal","profile_url":"https://ijsrp.academia.edu/ijsrporg?f_ri=9130","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/17711752/5071259/5816444/s65_ijsrp.org.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":41538,"name":"Synthesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synthesis?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":171836,"name":"Nano Particles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nano_Particles?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":515812,"name":"CaCo3","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CaCo3?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":630941,"name":"Calcium Carbonate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calcium_Carbonate?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1665177,"name":"Cockle Shells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cockle_Shells?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1665178,"name":"CaCO3 (Calcite)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CaCO3_Calcite_?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14404641" data-work_id="14404641" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14404641/ANALISIS_KUAT_TARIK_DAN_ELONGASI_PLASTIK_KITOSAN_TERPLASTISASI_SORBITOL">ANALISIS KUAT TARIK DAN ELONGASI PLASTIK KITOSAN TERPLASTISASI SORBITOL</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div 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data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33347861" href="https://unud.academia.edu/mirahpradnyadewi">mirah pradnya dewi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33347861" type="text/json">{"id":33347861,"first_name":"mirah","last_name":"pradnya dewi","domain_name":"unud","page_name":"mirahpradnyadewi","display_name":"mirah pradnya dewi","profile_url":"https://unud.academia.edu/mirahpradnyadewi?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14404641 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14404641"><i class="u-m1x fa 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view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14404641"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14404641; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14404641]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_14404641").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_14404641").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="14404641"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="329" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Algebra">Algebra</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="329" type="text/json">{"id":329,"name":"Algebra","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Algebra?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="511" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science">Materials Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="511" type="text/json">{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="523" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="523" type="text/json">{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1000" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instructional_Design">Instructional Design</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1000" type="text/json">{"id":1000,"name":"Instructional Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instructional_Design?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14404641]'), work: {"id":14404641,"title":"ANALISIS KUAT TARIK DAN ELONGASI PLASTIK KITOSAN TERPLASTISASI SORBITOL","created_at":"2015-07-26T07:38:46.424-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/14404641/ANALISIS_KUAT_TARIK_DAN_ELONGASI_PLASTIK_KITOSAN_TERPLASTISASI_SORBITOL?f_ri=9130","dom_id":"work_14404641","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38296665,"asset_id":14404641,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33347861,"first_name":"mirah","last_name":"pradnya dewi","domain_name":"unud","page_name":"mirahpradnyadewi","display_name":"mirah pradnya dewi","profile_url":"https://unud.academia.edu/mirahpradnyadewi?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":329,"name":"Algebra","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Algebra?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":1000,"name":"Instructional Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instructional_Design?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false},{"id":1031,"name":"Southeast Asian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeast_Asian_Studies?f_ri=9130"},{"id":1372,"name":"Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture?f_ri=9130"},{"id":6746,"name":"Southeast Asia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeast_Asia?f_ri=9130"},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130"},{"id":17733,"name":"Nanotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanotechnology?f_ri=9130"},{"id":103213,"name":"Nanoscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanoscience?f_ri=9130"},{"id":710903,"name":"Sorbitol","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sorbitol?f_ri=9130"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13637747" data-work_id="13637747" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13637747/Oxidized_dextrins_as_alternative_crosslinking_agents_for_polysaccharides_Application_to_hydrogels_of_agarose_chitosan">Oxidized dextrins as alternative crosslinking agents for polysaccharides: Application to hydrogels of agarose–chitosan</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13637747" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="db4298b09aadac46093f67c6c291daf2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45121217,"asset_id":13637747,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45121217/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNTkwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32797059" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JoseMendez59">Jose Mendez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32797059" type="text/json">{"id":32797059,"first_name":"Jose","last_name":"Mendez","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JoseMendez59","display_name":"Jose Mendez","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JoseMendez59?f_ri=9130","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13637747 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13637747"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13637747, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13637747", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_13637747 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13637747; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_13637747"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_13637747 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="13637747"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13637747; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13637747]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13637747").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13637747").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13637747"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2215" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water">Water</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2215" type="text/json">{"id":2215,"name":"Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9130" type="text/json">{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16061" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polysaccharides">Polysaccharides</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16061" type="text/json">{"id":16061,"name":"Polysaccharides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polysaccharides?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22442" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogels">Hydrogels</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22442" type="text/json">{"id":22442,"name":"Hydrogels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogels?f_ri=9130","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13637747]'), work: {"id":13637747,"title":"Oxidized dextrins as alternative crosslinking agents for 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