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fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;">I am a race and racism scholar, trained as a sociologist.<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="suggested-academics-container"><div class="suggested-academics--header"><h3 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Related Authors</h3></div><ul class="suggested-user-card-list" data-nosnippet="true"><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://mun.academia.edu/BrendaLeFran%C3%A7ois"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="B A LeFrançois related author profile picture" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/11587/3867/12272171/s200_brenda.lefran_ois.jpg" 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class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Tony N . Brown</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="128082948"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/128082948/Intergroup_Contact_and_White_Racial_Apathy_Findings_from_the_National_Study_of_Youth_and_Religion_NSYR_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Intergroup Contact and White Racial Apathy: Findings from the National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121718884/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128082948/Intergroup_Contact_and_White_Racial_Apathy_Findings_from_the_National_Study_of_Youth_and_Religion_NSYR_">Intergroup Contact and White Racial Apathy: Findings from the National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Sociological Perspectives</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Scholars theorize racial apathy is one form contemporary white racial prejudice takes. Racial apa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Scholars theorize racial apathy is one form contemporary white racial prejudice takes. Racial apathy signals not caring about racial inequality. Invoking intergroup contact theory, we hypothesize interracial contact would predict less racial apathy among whites. To test our hypothesis, we analyze survey data from white teenagers participating in the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR). We find interracial contact matters and its inclusion improves model fit over and above previously specified correlates. Specifically, interracial friendship and dating, and having a different race mentor predict the tendency to care about racial equality. Furthermore, any interracial contact and a count of interracial contact experiences across five settings, respectively, predict less racial apathy. We encourage scholars to investigate further the sociological significance of racial apathy and its correlates, including interracial contact.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4761395a5f40d83c08b89fa82544abdc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121718884,"asset_id":128082948,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121718884/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="128082948"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="128082948"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 128082948; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=128082948]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=128082948]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 128082948; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='128082948']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4761395a5f40d83c08b89fa82544abdc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=128082948]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":128082948,"title":"Intergroup Contact and White Racial Apathy: Findings from the National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Scholars theorize racial apathy is one form contemporary white racial prejudice takes. Racial apathy signals not caring about racial inequality. Invoking intergroup contact theory, we hypothesize interracial contact would predict less racial apathy among whites. To test our hypothesis, we analyze survey data from white teenagers participating in the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR). We find interracial contact matters and its inclusion improves model fit over and above previously specified correlates. Specifically, interracial friendship and dating, and having a different race mentor predict the tendency to care about racial equality. Furthermore, any interracial contact and a count of interracial contact experiences across five settings, respectively, predict less racial apathy. We encourage scholars to investigate further the sociological significance of racial apathy and its correlates, including interracial contact.","publisher":"SAGE Publications","publication_name":"Sociological Perspectives"},"translated_abstract":"Scholars theorize racial apathy is one form contemporary white racial prejudice takes. Racial apathy signals not caring about racial inequality. Invoking intergroup contact theory, we hypothesize interracial contact would predict less racial apathy among whites. To test our hypothesis, we analyze survey data from white teenagers participating in the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR). We find interracial contact matters and its inclusion improves model fit over and above previously specified correlates. Specifically, interracial friendship and dating, and having a different race mentor predict the tendency to care about racial equality. Furthermore, any interracial contact and a count of interracial contact experiences across five settings, respectively, predict less racial apathy. We encourage scholars to investigate further the sociological significance of racial apathy and its correlates, including interracial contact.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/128082948/Intergroup_Contact_and_White_Racial_Apathy_Findings_from_the_National_Study_of_Youth_and_Religion_NSYR_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2025-03-08T09:52:00.045-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32947155,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":121718884,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121718884/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"viewcontent.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121718884/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Intergroup_Contact_and_White_Racial_Apat.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121718884/viewcontent-libre.pdf?1741458075=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIntergroup_Contact_and_White_Racial_Apat.pdf\u0026Expires=1743591329\u0026Signature=Fiw-zzdY60h363SZy8-AXYE8Xb2NhnznmF9NyLRay4FdM7Ie5fthEy9to78bp2S7jStcOFEyPeuEpR3RMons-~90gASSf6lonW74RZI0x~gdLnAxrR~pmzkZjeDDyzuQE~ea1QQotyjYlSApRoNY6L8bEz5vhtm9oJ2xmdpos2f0~CHcGc271E7lwe81Wm-PcFEeBDeu4ghnX7CEcgpiqgqBxxpxNgl8~f9~~H3SCXBDeMxWfng~VZdGdUf9aq6iAxurkzxiHY6gQdn7MxOYFSUFSlppX2TNCcnMUWVY0bBlEFupmoKIKssHq2hF1dIDHMrrslhGwOcffHtNicU8-Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Intergroup_Contact_and_White_Racial_Apathy_Findings_from_the_National_Study_of_Youth_and_Religion_NSYR_","translated_slug":"","page_count":26,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Scholars theorize racial apathy is one form contemporary white racial prejudice takes. Racial apathy signals not caring about racial inequality. Invoking intergroup contact theory, we hypothesize interracial contact would predict less racial apathy among whites. To test our hypothesis, we analyze survey data from white teenagers participating in the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR). We find interracial contact matters and its inclusion improves model fit over and above previously specified correlates. Specifically, interracial friendship and dating, and having a different race mentor predict the tendency to care about racial equality. Furthermore, any interracial contact and a count of interracial contact experiences across five settings, respectively, predict less racial apathy. We encourage scholars to investigate further the sociological significance of racial apathy and its correlates, including interracial contact.","owner":{"id":32947155,"first_name":"Tony","middle_initials":"N .","last_name":"Brown","page_name":"TonyNBrown","domain_name":"rice","created_at":"2015-07-09T19:44:15.183-07:00","display_name":"Tony N . 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With data from the 2001–2004 National Survey of American Life-Adolescent Supplement (NSAL-A), we analyze responses to the Comprehensive Race Socialization Inventory (CRSI) among 1,170 African American and Caribbean Black adolescents between the ages of 13 and 17 years. The CRSI captures sources, frequency, content of messages, and prevalence of the most useful message, among other components (e.g., onset and recency, anticipatory socialization, and socializing behaviors). We find 90% of respondents report someone talked with them about what being Black means. In addition, most respondents report receiving messages from all four sources specified in the CRSI (i.e., parents, relatives, friends, and other adults). We find little evidence to suggest sources differ by sex, age, ethnicity, or U.S. region. The question assessing the most useful mes...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fd95d6e64856cc76cfbc717e18240988" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":116685206,"asset_id":121915278,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/116685206/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="121915278"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="121915278"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 121915278; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=121915278]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=121915278]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 121915278; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='121915278']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fd95d6e64856cc76cfbc717e18240988" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=121915278]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":121915278,"title":"A Descriptive Study Using the Comprehensive Race Socialization Inventory: Findings From the National Survey of American Life-Adolescent Supplement","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study examines race socialization, defined as the process whereby individuals learn about the meaning and significance of race and racism. With data from the 2001–2004 National Survey of American Life-Adolescent Supplement (NSAL-A), we analyze responses to the Comprehensive Race Socialization Inventory (CRSI) among 1,170 African American and Caribbean Black adolescents between the ages of 13 and 17 years. The CRSI captures sources, frequency, content of messages, and prevalence of the most useful message, among other components (e.g., onset and recency, anticipatory socialization, and socializing behaviors). We find 90% of respondents report someone talked with them about what being Black means. In addition, most respondents report receiving messages from all four sources specified in the CRSI (i.e., parents, relatives, friends, and other adults). We find little evidence to suggest sources differ by sex, age, ethnicity, or U.S. region. The question assessing the most useful mes...","publisher":"SAGE Publications","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Black Studies"},"translated_abstract":"This study examines race socialization, defined as the process whereby individuals learn about the meaning and significance of race and racism. With data from the 2001–2004 National Survey of American Life-Adolescent Supplement (NSAL-A), we analyze responses to the Comprehensive Race Socialization Inventory (CRSI) among 1,170 African American and Caribbean Black adolescents between the ages of 13 and 17 years. The CRSI captures sources, frequency, content of messages, and prevalence of the most useful message, among other components (e.g., onset and recency, anticipatory socialization, and socializing behaviors). We find 90% of respondents report someone talked with them about what being Black means. In addition, most respondents report receiving messages from all four sources specified in the CRSI (i.e., parents, relatives, friends, and other adults). We find little evidence to suggest sources differ by sex, age, ethnicity, or U.S. region. 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With data from the 2001–2004 National Survey of American Life-Adolescent Supplement (NSAL-A), we analyze responses to the Comprehensive Race Socialization Inventory (CRSI) among 1,170 African American and Caribbean Black adolescents between the ages of 13 and 17 years. The CRSI captures sources, frequency, content of messages, and prevalence of the most useful message, among other components (e.g., onset and recency, anticipatory socialization, and socializing behaviors). We find 90% of respondents report someone talked with them about what being Black means. In addition, most respondents report receiving messages from all four sources specified in the CRSI (i.e., parents, relatives, friends, and other adults). We find little evidence to suggest sources differ by sex, age, ethnicity, or U.S. region. The question assessing the most useful mes...","owner":{"id":32947155,"first_name":"Tony","middle_initials":"N .","last_name":"Brown","page_name":"TonyNBrown","domain_name":"rice","created_at":"2015-07-09T19:44:15.183-07:00","display_name":"Tony N . Brown","url":"https://rice.academia.edu/TonyNBrown"},"attachments":[{"id":116685206,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/116685206/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"002193471989600320240709-1-xxfjql.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/116685206/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"A_Descriptive_Study_Using_the_Comprehens.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/116685206/002193471989600320240709-1-xxfjql-libre.pdf?1720567372=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_Descriptive_Study_Using_the_Comprehens.pdf\u0026Expires=1743568296\u0026Signature=O5VztaD-u7vEVZlhOJgONqdiNOSdhHIgERyTBhjJm2ANfc~Zn9zPzC7JlYHfXPbasY09mWyM2lREh~igEXHDe9c2PODk~9wCAFvHQOXZoXOppcybkS~GJroUXEAhWOrMECGcVfoj03KVLnpFn9FzLax2ec-E3DM~838VY8cH-iyD~BgIquMNZwKeFKcpyj7x81HjQjRGtfHHHLiga5ZSlj4dtvMzd8vL~0Pt4vgt6gJe7x9ubM3ARC9gnjLy9XgHRltjOe78ggrdRR~Wal2m1aIiyeFrcSZGsAyMENHT6HpsfcCOQOJUDX6LgojLeTVb9ypYh1RMX4PeTAHf8N55cA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology"},{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":8031,"name":"Socialization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socialization"},{"id":38507,"name":"Pride","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pride"},{"id":58639,"name":"Black Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies"},{"id":413189,"name":"Ethnic Group","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnic_Group"}],"urls":[{"id":43448742,"url":"http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0021934719896003"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-121915278-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="101398380"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/101398380/Traditional_and_Contemporary_Prejudice_and_Urban_Whites_Support_for_Affirmative_Action_and_Government_Help"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Traditional and Contemporary Prejudice and Urban Whites' Support for Affirmative Action and Government Help" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101950986/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/101398380/Traditional_and_Contemporary_Prejudice_and_Urban_Whites_Support_for_Affirmative_Action_and_Government_Help">Traditional and Contemporary Prejudice and Urban Whites' Support for Affirmative Action and Government Help</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Problems</span><span>, 1999</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Dora frorir n pri~hnbi1it.v sat~iple of a t~r d o r rirerropolitarr area in the United Srntec wer...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Dora frorir n pri~hnbi1it.v sat~iple of a t~r d o r rirerropolitarr area in the United Srntec were irsed to examinc tiit' extent to ~vliich racial prejudice predicted variations in whites' support for both governmetir efforts to help blacks tlrrou.qlr social and ecotiomic initiatives, it1 general, atrd through Affirmative Actioti programs itr employment, irr particular. We examit~ed the relative contributions nf traditional and contemporary racial prej~tdice, it~dividual andgroup self-interests, and stratification beliefs to the support of race-related policies. Corifirnlatory Factor Analy.ses were used to ascertain the empirical indepeiqdence of the multiple independent measures and the 1 1~0 poliiy outcomes. Similar to some previous studies, we found that all three classes of variables predict ~vhite.~'s~ipport of racial policies bur racial prejudice is the most important. Moreover, the conreniporary forms of prri~ldice are most consequential in predicting levels of support for social policies designed to reduce racial inequality. Finally, controlling for racial prejudice revealed that wlrites who adhere to basic American values of equal opportunity, hold beliefs that some groups are doniinant over others, and believe in the inherent superiority ~vltites, actual(v favor Affirmative Action and tend to be supportive ofgovernment help for blacks. * We wish to thank Richard Lempert and the anonymous reviewers of Social Problems for helpful comments on a n earlier version ot this paper and Car Nosel and Clara Kawanishi tor assistance with the preparation 01 the manuqcript.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3419b586d25025166cbfb0bd4a945a11" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101950986,"asset_id":101398380,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101950986/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="101398380"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="101398380"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 101398380; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=101398380]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=101398380]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 101398380; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='101398380']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3419b586d25025166cbfb0bd4a945a11" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=101398380]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":101398380,"title":"Traditional and Contemporary Prejudice and Urban Whites' Support for Affirmative Action and Government Help","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","grobid_abstract":"Dora frorir n pri~hnbi1it.v sat~iple of a t~r d o r rirerropolitarr area in the United Srntec were irsed to examinc tiit' extent to ~vliich racial prejudice predicted variations in whites' support for both governmetir efforts to help blacks tlrrou.qlr social and ecotiomic initiatives, it1 general, atrd through Affirmative Actioti programs itr employment, irr particular. We examit~ed the relative contributions nf traditional and contemporary racial prej~tdice, it~dividual andgroup self-interests, and stratification beliefs to the support of race-related policies. Corifirnlatory Factor Analy.ses were used to ascertain the empirical indepeiqdence of the multiple independent measures and the 1 1~0 poliiy outcomes. Similar to some previous studies, we found that all three classes of variables predict ~vhite.~'s~ipport of racial policies bur racial prejudice is the most important. Moreover, the conreniporary forms of prri~ldice are most consequential in predicting levels of support for social policies designed to reduce racial inequality. 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Using nationally representative data collected from 22 consecutive cohorts of high school seniors (approximate N = 188,000) from the Monitoring the Future (MTF) project, we investigated whether correlates of substance use changed across historical time. We found a high degree of consistency across historical time in predictors of past month cigarette use, past month alcohol use, past year marijuana use, and past year cocaine use. Some predictors such as religiosity, political beliefs, truancy, and frequent evenings out were consistently linked to substance use. The consistency of other predictors such as region, parental education, and college plans was contingent in part upon historical time period, the particular substance, and its level of use.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1b9d67cfa38a7592e082b530b1612844" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":88968628,"asset_id":83713339,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88968628/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="83713339"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="83713339"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83713339; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=83713339]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=83713339]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83713339; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='83713339']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1b9d67cfa38a7592e082b530b1612844" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=83713339]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":83713339,"title":"Are risk and protective factors for substance use consistent across historical time?: national data from the high school classes of 1976 through 1997","translated_title":"","metadata":{"ai_title_tag":"Consistency of Substance Use Factors Over Time","grobid_abstract":"Researchers have seldom examined whether risk and protective factors are consistently linked to substance use across historical time. 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The consistency of other predictors such as region, parental education, and college plans was contingent in part upon historical time period, the particular substance, and its level of use.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2001,"errors":{}},"grobid_abstract_attachment_id":88968628},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/83713339/Are_risk_and_protective_factors_for_substance_use_consistent_across_historical_time_national_data_from_the_high_school_classes_of_1976_through_1997","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-07-25T06:06:15.772-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32947155,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":88968628,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88968628/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"11121_2004_Article_294343.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88968628/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Are_risk_and_protective_factors_for_subs.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/88968628/11121_2004_Article_294343-libre.pdf?1658756979=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAre_risk_and_protective_factors_for_subs.pdf\u0026Expires=1743591329\u0026Signature=BIK7l6YPBzmJrnbz3l9hXyvTBLU3f6xFIDjIsfOkYXDGxd9l2FBOf5EbheyoyPkj5cuGpfJLm07RqhchZDhVrk8j-PPKDVSZrBpPnS8igYoJD4~9UHqC~MRmw95F~4RWx29vGFLAzktwH-LZIKJ57xbBBL0UL3KjZPFhr8-Hs7Er7RgFOEZMNq0f5BkJf7FjPz68EczJZqzjnLkTvwXQZLViNT6JMJDToR5A-tvx4oZogpN67pHNnssuT~ryIvzZcL-is-8Xe0q~84dFlrmkIWwMctrQxUNBMSDWM-qhx3RpzmkdzJeH1HNJNejjspRDbILzSs7h9OWAbrsVMzZ17w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Are_risk_and_protective_factors_for_substance_use_consistent_across_historical_time_national_data_from_the_high_school_classes_of_1976_through_1997","translated_slug":"","page_count":15,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Researchers have seldom examined whether risk and protective factors are consistently linked to substance use across historical time. Using nationally representative data collected from 22 consecutive cohorts of high school seniors (approximate N = 188,000) from the Monitoring the Future (MTF) project, we investigated whether correlates of substance use changed across historical time. We found a high degree of consistency across historical time in predictors of past month cigarette use, past month alcohol use, past year marijuana use, and past year cocaine use. Some predictors such as religiosity, political beliefs, truancy, and frequent evenings out were consistently linked to substance use. The consistency of other predictors such as region, parental education, and college plans was contingent in part upon historical time period, the particular substance, and its level of use.","owner":{"id":32947155,"first_name":"Tony","middle_initials":"N .","last_name":"Brown","page_name":"TonyNBrown","domain_name":"rice","created_at":"2015-07-09T19:44:15.183-07:00","display_name":"Tony N . 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-83713339-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="83713336"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/83713336/Critical_Race_Theory_Speaks_to_the_Sociology_of_Mental_Health_Mental_Health_Problems_Produced_by_Racial_Stratification"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Critical Race Theory Speaks to the Sociology of Mental Health: Mental Health Problems Produced by Racial Stratification" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88968616/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/83713336/Critical_Race_Theory_Speaks_to_the_Sociology_of_Mental_Health_Mental_Health_Problems_Produced_by_Racial_Stratification">Critical Race Theory Speaks to the Sociology of Mental Health: Mental Health Problems Produced by Racial Stratification</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Health and Social Behavior</span><span>, 2003</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. 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We think social scientists ignore how videos provide data for investigating interpersonal discrimination. We characterize the videos according to multiple features including context, characteristics, and responses of individuals involved, type of threat or mistreatment, and level of psychological and physical harm. We then summarize features across the videos. Among other things, analyses uncover implicit, explicit, and historically specific anti-Asian sentiment alongside evidence perpetrators are men and bystanders do not intervene typically. The Discussion contrasts Asians’ experiences of interpersonal discrimination because of COVID-19 against the interpersonal and institutional discrimination faced by American Indians, blacks, and Hispanics in the United States. That contrast brings Asians’ positionality into sharp relief.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="22314a01cde30c39eb4bd3eb0df70a85" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":88968537,"asset_id":83713181,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88968537/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="83713181"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="83713181"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83713181; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=83713181]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=83713181]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83713181; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='83713181']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "22314a01cde30c39eb4bd3eb0df70a85" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=83713181]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":83713181,"title":"Viral Racism via Videos: A Study of Asians’ Experiences of Interpersonal Discrimination Because of COVID-19","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study analyzes five publicly posted videos wherein Asians experience interpersonal discrimination because of COVID-19. 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We think social scientists ignore how videos provide data for investigating interpersonal discrimination. We characterize the videos according to multiple features including context, characteristics, and responses of individuals involved, type of threat or mistreatment, and level of psychological and physical harm. We then summarize features across the videos. Among other things, analyses uncover implicit, explicit, and historically specific anti-Asian sentiment alongside evidence perpetrators are men and bystanders do not intervene typically. The Discussion contrasts Asians’ experiences of interpersonal discrimination because of COVID-19 against the interpersonal and institutional discrimination faced by American Indians, blacks, and Hispanics in the United States. 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Through three surveys we analyzed the preference for Colored, Negro, Black, Afro-American, or African American: the 1971 and 1992 Detroit Area Studies and the 1979–1980 National Survey of Black Americans. No label was universally accepted nor was any determinant consistently significant. Age</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77790420"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77790420"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77790420; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77790420]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77790420]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77790420; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77790420']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77790420]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77790420,"title":"Correlates of racial label use among Americans of African descent: Colored, Negro, Black, and African American","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This article investigates the influence of sociodemographic factors on the choice of racial labels among adult Black Americans. 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No label was universally accepted nor was any determinant consistently significant. Age","owner":{"id":32947155,"first_name":"Tony","middle_initials":"N .","last_name":"Brown","page_name":"TonyNBrown","domain_name":"rice","created_at":"2015-07-09T19:44:15.183-07:00","display_name":"Tony N . 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Our aim was to quantify the degree of concordance between them. The study collected blood and urine samples to derive a 10 component estimate of allostatic load. In addition, the computer-assisted interview included an array of self-report measures such as self-perceived health, doctordiagnosed diseases, bed days, and activity limitations. Allostatic load and the self-report measures were dichotomised. Modest concordance was observed between allostatic load and selfperceived health (OR = 1.742), doctor-diagnosed diseases (OR = 2.309), bed days (OR = 1.103), activity limitations (OR = 1.778), and ill on any self-report health measure (OR = 1.700). The self-report measures were significantly predictive of allostatic load, with the exception of bed days. Further, there was little evidence to suggest that race, sex, education, or past year depression moderated the level of concordance. Our findings support the hypothesis that biological markers and self-report measures could be used in tandem when specifying an individual's health status, and the distribution of population health.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ba381e879ec2343cdc4bb921068c7fc5" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":81711152,"asset_id":73024542,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81711152/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="73024542"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="73024542"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73024542; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=73024542]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=73024542]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73024542; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='73024542']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ba381e879ec2343cdc4bb921068c7fc5" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=73024542]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":73024542,"title":"The multidimensionality of health: associations between allostatic load and self-report health measures in a community epidemiologic study","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","grobid_abstract":"With social survey data from a random sample of 1252 black and white adults who participated in the Nashville Stress and Health Study, we cross-classified biological markers of dysregulation with self-report health measures. 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Specifically, this study extends findings from a recent study authored by Lee and colleagues (2014) who report that only women experience poor physical health outcomes as a function of familial incarceration. Methods: We re-analyze their data (i.e., the National Survey of American Life, n=6082), focusing exclusively on native-born black men (n=1139)—the demographic group that bears the direct impact of mass incarceration. The outcome is obesity and principal predictors are familial and former incarceration, and their statistical interaction. Results: Familial incarceration appears an unimportant predictor (consistent with Lee et al. 2014), whereas former incarceration associates with a lower risk of obesity. However, former incarceration magnifies the association between familial incarceration and obesity, such that native-born black men experiencing both are more likely to be obese...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68414602"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68414602"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414602; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414602]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414602]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414602; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='68414602']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=68414602]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":68414602,"title":"Familial and Former Incarceration and African American Men ’ s Risk of Obesity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Objectives: To build upon work addressing the physical health consequences of familial incarceration. 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David Mechanic (2006) has argued that the term “mental health” has no clear or consistent meaning, and in the sociological literature, this argument is generally true. Mental health is not merely the absence of disease or disorder; it involves self-esteem, mastery, and the ability to maintain meaningful relationships with others. The concept of mental health is better developed in the psychology literature, and Carol Ryff has provided an exceptional account of “happiness” that draws on the theories of Maslow, Rogers, Jung, and Allport to develop a multidimensional construct of psychological wellbeing (Ryff, 1989). Although most of us fall short of achieving optimal well-being or happiness, those who experience mental health problems or psychological distress have been the focus...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="03a7f544a47c301e7fbb1a66e37da3bd" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78897412,"asset_id":68414597,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78897412/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68414597"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68414597"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414597; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414597]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414597]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414597; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='68414597']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "03a7f544a47c301e7fbb1a66e37da3bd" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=68414597]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":68414597,"title":"Part I Approaches to Mental Health and Illness : Conflicting Definitions and Emphases","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Mental health and mental disorder represent two different areas of theory, research, and policy implications, reflecting our tendency to dichotomize healthy and sick, normal and abnormal, and sane and insane. 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Although most of us fall short of achieving optimal well-being or happiness, those who experience mental health problems or psychological distress have been the focus...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68414597/Part_I_Approaches_to_Mental_Health_and_Illness_Conflicting_Definitions_and_Emphases","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-16T08:37:33.204-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32947155,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78897412,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78897412/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"9780521728911_excerpt.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78897412/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Part_I_Approaches_to_Mental_Health_and_I.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78897412/9780521728911_excerpt-libre.pdf?1642352179=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPart_I_Approaches_to_Mental_Health_and_I.pdf\u0026Expires=1743568296\u0026Signature=TAiAe7BnRs6w5aiUCzwyoDqd5p0zvQ0ERE5yWFXYNefFGDdnxN-PDAlSTNgP7CJ22mSh5TO7qqH33-QD2ir3UYpaFpP-9IOV69jDTnSAaJDLsD7bQ9KM6o3~fldmeh-mFpg1hcGTAgVDa9MKo6zBDNelWjvfVbzEMX3dMBN2wHgWMheig3fCQDl93h9BiwnFKRePloT3sRdcaFaWNMpcN2TIjZ0dcXn7XH4vN3zLDRiPj-uE2mWHB9RJmoXdGsNhBblsvxvhtK0eX1mzBp7zoFyT1cqhfxesRdnyL~ZY6Te1cTzN5~lwZ0Te1tH2luhvb~yaAQS4jNA9JF12s3hSsQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Part_I_Approaches_to_Mental_Health_and_Illness_Conflicting_Definitions_and_Emphases","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Mental health and mental disorder represent two different areas of theory, research, and policy implications, reflecting our tendency to dichotomize healthy and sick, normal and abnormal, and sane and insane. 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Background Research documents the spillover effects of mass incarceration on the families of those incarcerated. Approximately half of black women have at least one family member currently incarcerated; yet the potential psychological costs of familial incarceration among black women remains under‐investigated, particularly among those who are not parents. Method Utilizing the National Survey of American Life, a nationally representative sample of never‐incarcerated African American women (N = 1,961), this study used regression to examine the association of mental health (measured by psychological distress and depressive symptomatology), familial incarceration, and combinations of social roles. Results Familial incarceration was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms and psychological distress. Women that were employed only typically had improved psychological adjustment compared to other role combinations; yet, employment did not mute the mental health costs of familial incarceration. Conclusion African American women disproportionately experience the incarceration of family members, and the findings demonstrate that this experience is detrimental to mental health. Though social roles variably provide social, psychological, and economic resources to cope with familial incarceration, results show that the mental health costs of incarceration are generally consistent across role combinations. The expansive criminal justice system holds large implications for the well‐being of populations at the intersection of race, gender, and social roles.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68414591"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68414591"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414591; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414591]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414591]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414591; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='68414591']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=68414591]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":68414591,"title":"Familial Incarceration, Social Role Combinations, and Mental Health Among African American Women","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Objective The current study uses insights from the stress process model and role theory to examine the relationship between familial incarceration, three key social roles—spouse, parent, and employee—and African American women\u0026amp;#39;s mental health. Background Research documents the spillover effects of mass incarceration on the families of those incarcerated. Approximately half of black women have at least one family member currently incarcerated; yet the potential psychological costs of familial incarceration among black women remains under‐investigated, particularly among those who are not parents. Method Utilizing the National Survey of American Life, a nationally representative sample of never‐incarcerated African American women (N = 1,961), this study used regression to examine the association of mental health (measured by psychological distress and depressive symptomatology), familial incarceration, and combinations of social roles. Results Familial incarceration was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms and psychological distress. Women that were employed only typically had improved psychological adjustment compared to other role combinations; yet, employment did not mute the mental health costs of familial incarceration. Conclusion African American women disproportionately experience the incarceration of family members, and the findings demonstrate that this experience is detrimental to mental health. Though social roles variably provide social, psychological, and economic resources to cope with familial incarceration, results show that the mental health costs of incarceration are generally consistent across role combinations. The expansive criminal justice system holds large implications for the well‐being of populations at the intersection of race, gender, and social roles.","publisher":"Wiley","publication_name":"Journal of Marriage and Family"},"translated_abstract":"Objective The current study uses insights from the stress process model and role theory to examine the relationship between familial incarceration, three key social roles—spouse, parent, and employee—and African American women\u0026amp;#39;s mental health. Background Research documents the spillover effects of mass incarceration on the families of those incarcerated. Approximately half of black women have at least one family member currently incarcerated; yet the potential psychological costs of familial incarceration among black women remains under‐investigated, particularly among those who are not parents. Method Utilizing the National Survey of American Life, a nationally representative sample of never‐incarcerated African American women (N = 1,961), this study used regression to examine the association of mental health (measured by psychological distress and depressive symptomatology), familial incarceration, and combinations of social roles. Results Familial incarceration was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms and psychological distress. Women that were employed only typically had improved psychological adjustment compared to other role combinations; yet, employment did not mute the mental health costs of familial incarceration. Conclusion African American women disproportionately experience the incarceration of family members, and the findings demonstrate that this experience is detrimental to mental health. Though social roles variably provide social, psychological, and economic resources to cope with familial incarceration, results show that the mental health costs of incarceration are generally consistent across role combinations. The expansive criminal justice system holds large implications for the well‐being of populations at the intersection of race, gender, and social roles.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68414591/Familial_Incarceration_Social_Role_Combinations_and_Mental_Health_Among_African_American_Women","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-16T08:37:30.468-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32947155,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Familial_Incarceration_Social_Role_Combinations_and_Mental_Health_Among_African_American_Women","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Objective The current study uses insights from the stress process model and role theory to examine the relationship between familial incarceration, three key social roles—spouse, parent, and employee—and African American women\u0026amp;#39;s mental health. Background Research documents the spillover effects of mass incarceration on the families of those incarcerated. Approximately half of black women have at least one family member currently incarcerated; yet the potential psychological costs of familial incarceration among black women remains under‐investigated, particularly among those who are not parents. Method Utilizing the National Survey of American Life, a nationally representative sample of never‐incarcerated African American women (N = 1,961), this study used regression to examine the association of mental health (measured by psychological distress and depressive symptomatology), familial incarceration, and combinations of social roles. Results Familial incarceration was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms and psychological distress. Women that were employed only typically had improved psychological adjustment compared to other role combinations; yet, employment did not mute the mental health costs of familial incarceration. Conclusion African American women disproportionately experience the incarceration of family members, and the findings demonstrate that this experience is detrimental to mental health. Though social roles variably provide social, psychological, and economic resources to cope with familial incarceration, results show that the mental health costs of incarceration are generally consistent across role combinations. The expansive criminal justice system holds large implications for the well‐being of populations at the intersection of race, gender, and social roles.","owner":{"id":32947155,"first_name":"Tony","middle_initials":"N .","last_name":"Brown","page_name":"TonyNBrown","domain_name":"rice","created_at":"2015-07-09T19:44:15.183-07:00","display_name":"Tony N . 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Any opinions expressed are those of the authors al...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">provided helpful comments on a previous draft. Any opinions expressed are those of the authors alone.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="51a36a5e43d47258240cce7955da145f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78897508,"asset_id":68414587,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78897508/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68414587"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68414587"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414587; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414587]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414587]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414587; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='68414587']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "51a36a5e43d47258240cce7955da145f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=68414587]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":68414587,"title":"Poverty and Prosperity: Prospects for Reducing Racial/Ethnic Economic Disparities in the United States","translated_title":"","metadata":{"ai_title_tag":"Reducing Racial/Ethnic Economic Disparities in the U.S.","grobid_abstract":"provided helpful comments on a previous draft. 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Those holding positions consistent with black nationalism argue, among other things, that racial integration, political participation, and alignment with white interests could not ultimately produce racial parity. Instead, they support (cultural, social, economic, and political) separatism, constant vigilance, and community uplift as tactics for engineering racial parity. Using data from a nationally representative survey of the black population collected 35 years ago, the authors measured black nationalist tendencies using six indicators: (1) agreement that blacks should vote for black candidates, (2) agreement that blacks should shop in black-owned stores, (3) agreement that black men should not date white women, (4) support for forming a bla...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68414580"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68414580"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414580; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414580]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414580]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414580; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='68414580']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=68414580]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":68414580,"title":"Black Nationalist Tendencies and Their Association with Perceived Inefficacy of the Civil Rights Movement and of Black Elected Officials","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study addressed whether black nationalist tendencies explain why some blacks in 1980 perceived that the civil rights movement and black elected officials failed to improve the black community’s standing, including their own life chances. 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Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) data, we examine mental health consequences of inconsistency over time within expressed (self) and observed (interviewer) racial identifications among American Indians. Given that phenotype signals race, we also contribute to prior research by examining whether skin color moderates inconsistency’s mental health consequences. Analyses show that observed racial inconsistency increased American Indians’ depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. That is, when interviewers labeled a respondent “American Indian” at one wave of data but not another, there were deleterious implications for mental health status. In addition, an interaction between observed inconsistency and skin color demonstrated that observed inconsistency tended to be harmful when respondents were observed as ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="af2563e501db66d32de835776bb6362d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78897499,"asset_id":68414570,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78897499/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68414570"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68414570"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414570; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414570]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414570]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414570; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='68414570']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "af2563e501db66d32de835776bb6362d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=68414570]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":68414570,"title":"Inconsistency within Expressed and Observed Racial Identifications","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The present study extends previous work on distress that arises from discrepancy between self and interviewer racial identifications. 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Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) data, we examine mental health consequences of inconsistency over time within expressed (self) and observed (interviewer) racial identifications among American Indians. Given that phenotype signals race, we also contribute to prior research by examining whether skin color moderates inconsistency’s mental health consequences. Analyses show that observed racial inconsistency increased American Indians’ depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. That is, when interviewers labeled a respondent “American Indian” at one wave of data but not another, there were deleterious implications for mental health status. 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Any opinions expressed are those of the authors al...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">provided helpful comments on a previous draft. 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Any opinions expressed are those of the authors alone.","owner":{"id":32947155,"first_name":"Tony","middle_initials":"N .","last_name":"Brown","page_name":"TonyNBrown","domain_name":"rice","created_at":"2015-07-09T19:44:15.183-07:00","display_name":"Tony N . 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Survey researchers assert it indicates whether whites do not care about racial equality. Deviating from prior studies, we investigate racial apathy among black teenagers. Specifically, we examine racial apathy’s prevalence and correlates, and associations with emotional well-being and alcohol use. Analyzing data from the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR, n = 3290), we find one in four black teenagers does not care about racial equality. In terms of correlates, we find daily importance of faith links negatively with racial apathy. Low grades and school difficulties directly predict racial apathy among black teenagers. Living in the West, compared to other regions, associates with larger odds of expressing racial apathy. Finally, black teenagers’ expressions of racial apathy do not predict their emotional well-being or alcohol use.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-68413878-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-68413878-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31399242/table-1-analyses-are-weighted-for-the-probability-of"><img alt="Analyses are weighted for the probability of selection, non-response, and non-coverage. Listwise sample size equals 523. Available sample size for these analyses equals 559 Table 1 Univariate distribution of racial apathy among blacks in the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/78897024/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31399247/table-2-descriptive-statistics-for-correlates-of-racial"><img alt="Table 2 Descriptive statistics for correlates of racial apathy among blacks in the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR) Analyses are weighted for the probability of selection, non-response, and non-coverage. Listwise sample size equals 523. Available sample size for these analyses equals 559 " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/78897024/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31399253/table-3-estimates-from-binary-logistic-regression-of-racial"><img alt="Table 3 Estimates from a binary logistic regression of racial apathy on correlates among blacks in the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR) 4 Excluded groups in the regression models " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/78897024/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31399258/table-4-analyses-are-weighted-for-the-probability-of"><img alt="Analyses are weighted for the probability of selection, non-response, and non-coverage. Listwise sample size equals 523. Available sample size for these analyses equals 559 Table 4 Descriptive statistics for emotional well-being and alcohol use among blacks in the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/78897024/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31399266/table-5-the-prevalence-correlates-and-consequences-of-racial"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/78897024/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31399271/table-6-standard-errors-are-reported-in-parentheses"><img alt="Standard errors are reported in parentheses underneath odds ratios. Analyses are weighted for the probability of selection, non-response, and non-coverage. Listwise sample size equals 523. Available sample size for these analyses equals 559 a Excluded groups in the regression models " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/78897024/table_006.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-68413878-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0847e901f8207d51087e087a06d674ae" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78897024,"asset_id":68413878,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78897024/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68413878"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68413878"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68413878; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68413878]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68413878]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68413878; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='68413878']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0847e901f8207d51087e087a06d674ae" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=68413878]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":68413878,"title":"The Prevalence, Correlates, and Consequences of Racial Apathy Among Black Teenagers","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Racial apathy is a socially desirable and contemporary form of white racial prejudice that resonates with color-blind ideologies. 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In terms of correlates, we find daily importance of faith links negatively with racial apathy. Low grades and school difficulties directly predict racial apathy among black teenagers. Living in the West, compared to other regions, associates with larger odds of expressing racial apathy. Finally, black teenagers’ expressions of racial apathy do not predict their emotional well-being or alcohol use.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68413878/The_Prevalence_Correlates_and_Consequences_of_Racial_Apathy_Among_Black_Teenagers","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-16T08:30:29.943-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32947155,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78897024,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78897024/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s12111-020-09505-3.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78897024/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Prevalence_Correlates_and_Consequenc.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78897024/s12111-020-09505-3-libre.pdf?1642352203=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Prevalence_Correlates_and_Consequenc.pdf\u0026Expires=1743591331\u0026Signature=hB~132cv1yOzlgxZKgPbZRSEwYdPRsoyBi7Urhr6aZLajKmJw6Jc35yBXTPvu~BvF9QS4vNn18cLicz5koGWVEe-kEaSZqAUnM9H05hPGvOizCyC-qymb2qWxH2bKr56Z4aQJabt4XlBMaDGcB~OFEV1stX~pb9gp~awX03SKsjRvnB~GLhtP-Qr2LBcVTn4j~Xhr-0J6-PCg3GldQQ-WcE8gRANzM3Y53x2Nizwlg2Y2-6dDZ4EA08XbZyZhIMaxiHuJKMLrhGmd8recRWX7Nhx3pGOXuhykl8XS2mZzJFDwCJf3zV3r1B-h4AFmsBir7fU33EeZtDdJ6C3zUddcw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Prevalence_Correlates_and_Consequences_of_Racial_Apathy_Among_Black_Teenagers","translated_slug":"","page_count":16,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Racial apathy is a socially desirable and contemporary form of white racial prejudice that resonates with color-blind ideologies. Survey researchers assert it indicates whether whites do not care about racial equality. Deviating from prior studies, we investigate racial apathy among black teenagers. Specifically, we examine racial apathy’s prevalence and correlates, and associations with emotional well-being and alcohol use. Analyzing data from the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR, n = 3290), we find one in four black teenagers does not care about racial equality. In terms of correlates, we find daily importance of faith links negatively with racial apathy. Low grades and school difficulties directly predict racial apathy among black teenagers. Living in the West, compared to other regions, associates with larger odds of expressing racial apathy. Finally, black teenagers’ expressions of racial apathy do not predict their emotional well-being or alcohol use.","owner":{"id":32947155,"first_name":"Tony","middle_initials":"N .","last_name":"Brown","page_name":"TonyNBrown","domain_name":"rice","created_at":"2015-07-09T19:44:15.183-07:00","display_name":"Tony N . 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-68413878-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="50657162"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/50657162/A_tale_of_two_generations_Maternal_skin_color_and_adverse_birth_outcomes_in_Black_African_American_women"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A tale of two generations: Maternal skin color and adverse birth outcomes in Black/African American women" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">A tale of two generations: Maternal skin color and adverse birth outcomes in Black/African American women</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science & Medicine</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="50657162"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50657162"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50657162; 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His election was a milestone moment. Hence, we expect black adults would experience improved mental health after the first self-identified black person wins election to the most powerful position in the United States. Using nationally representative survey data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), we address this expectation by predicting poor mental health days that black adults report preelection and postelection. We find no overall difference in poor mental health days between the time periods. However, a statistical interaction between gender and time period demonstrates black men report 1.01 fewer poor mental health days after the election, whereas black women report .45 more poor mental health days after the election.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="50657161"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50657161"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50657161; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50657161]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50657161]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50657161; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='50657161']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=50657161]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":50657161,"title":"“Yes We Can!” The Mental Health Significance for U.S. Black Adults of Barack Obama’s 2008 Presidential Election","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study examines the mental health significance of Barack Obama’s 2008 presidential election for black adults. His election was a milestone moment. Hence, we expect black adults would experience improved mental health after the first self-identified black person wins election to the most powerful position in the United States. Using nationally representative survey data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), we address this expectation by predicting poor mental health days that black adults report preelection and postelection. We find no overall difference in poor mental health days between the time periods. However, a statistical interaction between gender and time period demonstrates black men report 1.01 fewer poor mental health days after the election, whereas black women report .45 more poor mental health days after the election.","publisher":"SAGE Publications","publication_name":"Sociology of Race and Ethnicity"},"translated_abstract":"This study examines the mental health significance of Barack Obama’s 2008 presidential election for black adults. His election was a milestone moment. Hence, we expect black adults would experience improved mental health after the first self-identified black person wins election to the most powerful position in the United States. Using nationally representative survey data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), we address this expectation by predicting poor mental health days that black adults report preelection and postelection. We find no overall difference in poor mental health days between the time periods. However, a statistical interaction between gender and time period demonstrates black men report 1.01 fewer poor mental health days after the election, whereas black women report .45 more poor mental health days after the election.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/50657161/_Yes_We_Can_The_Mental_Health_Significance_for_U_S_Black_Adults_of_Barack_Obama_s_2008_Presidential_Election","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-08-03T08:29:12.563-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32947155,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"_Yes_We_Can_The_Mental_Health_Significance_for_U_S_Black_Adults_of_Barack_Obama_s_2008_Presidential_Election","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This study examines the mental health significance of Barack Obama’s 2008 presidential election for black adults. His election was a milestone moment. Hence, we expect black adults would experience improved mental health after the first self-identified black person wins election to the most powerful position in the United States. Using nationally representative survey data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), we address this expectation by predicting poor mental health days that black adults report preelection and postelection. We find no overall difference in poor mental health days between the time periods. However, a statistical interaction between gender and time period demonstrates black men report 1.01 fewer poor mental health days after the election, whereas black women report .45 more poor mental health days after the election.","owner":{"id":32947155,"first_name":"Tony","middle_initials":"N .","last_name":"Brown","page_name":"TonyNBrown","domain_name":"rice","created_at":"2015-07-09T19:44:15.183-07:00","display_name":"Tony N . 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Survey researchers respond to this dynamism and such social desirability concerns by developing new ways to conceptualize and measure white racial prejudice (</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d3957b70ff6161294a57f676a78ac8c5" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":68555638,"asset_id":50657160,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68555638/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="50657160"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50657160"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50657160; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50657160]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50657160]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50657160; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='50657160']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d3957b70ff6161294a57f676a78ac8c5" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=50657160]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":50657160,"title":"“Who Cares?”: Investigating Consistency in Expressions of Racial Apathy among Whites","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"SAGE Publications","ai_title_tag":"White Racial Apathy and Survey Impact","grobid_abstract":"In addition, social desirability influences how whites answer survey questions about race and racism (Marlowe and Crowne 1961; Wodtke 2016). 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Survey researchers respond to this dynamism and such social desirability concerns by developing new ways to conceptualize and measure white racial prejudice (","owner":{"id":32947155,"first_name":"Tony","middle_initials":"N .","last_name":"Brown","page_name":"TonyNBrown","domain_name":"rice","created_at":"2015-07-09T19:44:15.183-07:00","display_name":"Tony N . Brown","url":"https://rice.academia.edu/TonyNBrown"},"attachments":[{"id":68555638,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/68555638/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2378023119839518.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68555638/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Who_Cares_Investigating_Consistency_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/68555638/2378023119839518-libre.pdf?1628007418=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWho_Cares_Investigating_Consistency_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1743568297\u0026Signature=HTulyYRaFOV9R-GBsqNC6e2wuaRdPt-DK93ozukwONHZoygJVzE2S3MS6NnhhXi0hwqtqzJyK3m1RUA4iWc5-kWKeaYkMgdft-Tmu~m8Tgd6lMPCC3bdsxPTnxB64MhKwFRI5KzHU8dWBALQLsdsTswl8YFQOwc4VRoChzI4657HWvks~zXG-S6lBxxIrhp4tnj3oBjQOk~WvIQRekCMmjqyA3y0AGd-OYSfSZOiT0mSbdK7LjwnaqR-i09amXw5vOL1KTIGhN93PRLYWRMjcN9vuDTQOAgv3NCvKwW2yKY3PgWbXJoNt~m2x1sGX8eLLn2SU9Y-2240Xa-JOng~Cg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":68555637,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/68555637/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2378023119839518.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68555637/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Who_Cares_Investigating_Consistency_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/68555637/2378023119839518-libre.pdf?1628007418=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWho_Cares_Investigating_Consistency_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1743568297\u0026Signature=A9iZEv0oGaklwafpFUdiSCrEmWivcmA5VzzxgRVoquCDkk~5VHIiEg9a7iJywMwdnzNWnTg2TWEk-As-B8azzVnAJOcz~82j0YQeWKixo2sbmIvZAryEVpFuMCpaydW0sBWdQKinNkMyJodZ~EBLJmB0Q-0z5RnOkpn6~WyrsKvIJyPQk87SjCAVBlAbBeMcT8xFkpQt7stAFrBwBb0TgdEG7yWpiK7KLYhm91gQ6eCLUE2vf32AImR6gtDo7eTfHsb-hSHn7631LRAy~WNJwDgldORZ7zdGRhRfGsW7cwg-Or~oP7AoGedBFBU9GtkJY1qmOwgi3gzmDvsKsaNLjw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":10665913,"url":"http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2378023119839518"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-50657160-figures'); } }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="3189613" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="128082948"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/128082948/Intergroup_Contact_and_White_Racial_Apathy_Findings_from_the_National_Study_of_Youth_and_Religion_NSYR_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Intergroup Contact and White Racial Apathy: Findings from the National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121718884/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128082948/Intergroup_Contact_and_White_Racial_Apathy_Findings_from_the_National_Study_of_Youth_and_Religion_NSYR_">Intergroup Contact and White Racial Apathy: Findings from the National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Sociological Perspectives</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Scholars theorize racial apathy is one form contemporary white racial prejudice takes. Racial apa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Scholars theorize racial apathy is one form contemporary white racial prejudice takes. Racial apathy signals not caring about racial inequality. Invoking intergroup contact theory, we hypothesize interracial contact would predict less racial apathy among whites. To test our hypothesis, we analyze survey data from white teenagers participating in the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR). We find interracial contact matters and its inclusion improves model fit over and above previously specified correlates. Specifically, interracial friendship and dating, and having a different race mentor predict the tendency to care about racial equality. Furthermore, any interracial contact and a count of interracial contact experiences across five settings, respectively, predict less racial apathy. We encourage scholars to investigate further the sociological significance of racial apathy and its correlates, including interracial contact.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4761395a5f40d83c08b89fa82544abdc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121718884,"asset_id":128082948,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121718884/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="128082948"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="128082948"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 128082948; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=128082948]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=128082948]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 128082948; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='128082948']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4761395a5f40d83c08b89fa82544abdc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=128082948]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":128082948,"title":"Intergroup Contact and White Racial Apathy: Findings from the National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Scholars theorize racial apathy is one form contemporary white racial prejudice takes. Racial apathy signals not caring about racial inequality. Invoking intergroup contact theory, we hypothesize interracial contact would predict less racial apathy among whites. To test our hypothesis, we analyze survey data from white teenagers participating in the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR). We find interracial contact matters and its inclusion improves model fit over and above previously specified correlates. Specifically, interracial friendship and dating, and having a different race mentor predict the tendency to care about racial equality. Furthermore, any interracial contact and a count of interracial contact experiences across five settings, respectively, predict less racial apathy. We encourage scholars to investigate further the sociological significance of racial apathy and its correlates, including interracial contact.","publisher":"SAGE Publications","publication_name":"Sociological Perspectives"},"translated_abstract":"Scholars theorize racial apathy is one form contemporary white racial prejudice takes. Racial apathy signals not caring about racial inequality. Invoking intergroup contact theory, we hypothesize interracial contact would predict less racial apathy among whites. To test our hypothesis, we analyze survey data from white teenagers participating in the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR). We find interracial contact matters and its inclusion improves model fit over and above previously specified correlates. Specifically, interracial friendship and dating, and having a different race mentor predict the tendency to care about racial equality. Furthermore, any interracial contact and a count of interracial contact experiences across five settings, respectively, predict less racial apathy. We encourage scholars to investigate further the sociological significance of racial apathy and its correlates, including interracial contact.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/128082948/Intergroup_Contact_and_White_Racial_Apathy_Findings_from_the_National_Study_of_Youth_and_Religion_NSYR_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2025-03-08T09:52:00.045-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32947155,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":121718884,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121718884/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"viewcontent.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121718884/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Intergroup_Contact_and_White_Racial_Apat.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121718884/viewcontent-libre.pdf?1741458075=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIntergroup_Contact_and_White_Racial_Apat.pdf\u0026Expires=1743591329\u0026Signature=Fiw-zzdY60h363SZy8-AXYE8Xb2NhnznmF9NyLRay4FdM7Ie5fthEy9to78bp2S7jStcOFEyPeuEpR3RMons-~90gASSf6lonW74RZI0x~gdLnAxrR~pmzkZjeDDyzuQE~ea1QQotyjYlSApRoNY6L8bEz5vhtm9oJ2xmdpos2f0~CHcGc271E7lwe81Wm-PcFEeBDeu4ghnX7CEcgpiqgqBxxpxNgl8~f9~~H3SCXBDeMxWfng~VZdGdUf9aq6iAxurkzxiHY6gQdn7MxOYFSUFSlppX2TNCcnMUWVY0bBlEFupmoKIKssHq2hF1dIDHMrrslhGwOcffHtNicU8-Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Intergroup_Contact_and_White_Racial_Apathy_Findings_from_the_National_Study_of_Youth_and_Religion_NSYR_","translated_slug":"","page_count":26,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Scholars theorize racial apathy is one form contemporary white racial prejudice takes. Racial apathy signals not caring about racial inequality. Invoking intergroup contact theory, we hypothesize interracial contact would predict less racial apathy among whites. To test our hypothesis, we analyze survey data from white teenagers participating in the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR). We find interracial contact matters and its inclusion improves model fit over and above previously specified correlates. Specifically, interracial friendship and dating, and having a different race mentor predict the tendency to care about racial equality. Furthermore, any interracial contact and a count of interracial contact experiences across five settings, respectively, predict less racial apathy. 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With data from the 2001–2004 National Survey of American Life-Adolescent Supplement (NSAL-A), we analyze responses to the Comprehensive Race Socialization Inventory (CRSI) among 1,170 African American and Caribbean Black adolescents between the ages of 13 and 17 years. The CRSI captures sources, frequency, content of messages, and prevalence of the most useful message, among other components (e.g., onset and recency, anticipatory socialization, and socializing behaviors). We find 90% of respondents report someone talked with them about what being Black means. In addition, most respondents report receiving messages from all four sources specified in the CRSI (i.e., parents, relatives, friends, and other adults). We find little evidence to suggest sources differ by sex, age, ethnicity, or U.S. region. The question assessing the most useful mes...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fd95d6e64856cc76cfbc717e18240988" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":116685206,"asset_id":121915278,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/116685206/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="121915278"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="121915278"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 121915278; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=121915278]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=121915278]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 121915278; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='121915278']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fd95d6e64856cc76cfbc717e18240988" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=121915278]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":121915278,"title":"A Descriptive Study Using the Comprehensive Race Socialization Inventory: Findings From the National Survey of American Life-Adolescent Supplement","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study examines race socialization, defined as the process whereby individuals learn about the meaning and significance of race and racism. 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With data from the 2001–2004 National Survey of American Life-Adolescent Supplement (NSAL-A), we analyze responses to the Comprehensive Race Socialization Inventory (CRSI) among 1,170 African American and Caribbean Black adolescents between the ages of 13 and 17 years. The CRSI captures sources, frequency, content of messages, and prevalence of the most useful message, among other components (e.g., onset and recency, anticipatory socialization, and socializing behaviors). We find 90% of respondents report someone talked with them about what being Black means. In addition, most respondents report receiving messages from all four sources specified in the CRSI (i.e., parents, relatives, friends, and other adults). We find little evidence to suggest sources differ by sex, age, ethnicity, or U.S. region. 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We examit~ed the relative contributions nf traditional and contemporary racial prej~tdice, it~dividual andgroup self-interests, and stratification beliefs to the support of race-related policies. Corifirnlatory Factor Analy.ses were used to ascertain the empirical indepeiqdence of the multiple independent measures and the 1 1~0 poliiy outcomes. Similar to some previous studies, we found that all three classes of variables predict ~vhite.~'s~ipport of racial policies bur racial prejudice is the most important. Moreover, the conreniporary forms of prri~ldice are most consequential in predicting levels of support for social policies designed to reduce racial inequality. Finally, controlling for racial prejudice revealed that wlrites who adhere to basic American values of equal opportunity, hold beliefs that some groups are doniinant over others, and believe in the inherent superiority ~vltites, actual(v favor Affirmative Action and tend to be supportive ofgovernment help for blacks. * We wish to thank Richard Lempert and the anonymous reviewers of Social Problems for helpful comments on a n earlier version ot this paper and Car Nosel and Clara Kawanishi tor assistance with the preparation 01 the manuqcript.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3419b586d25025166cbfb0bd4a945a11" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101950986,"asset_id":101398380,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101950986/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="101398380"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="101398380"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 101398380; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=101398380]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=101398380]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 101398380; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='101398380']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3419b586d25025166cbfb0bd4a945a11" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=101398380]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":101398380,"title":"Traditional and Contemporary Prejudice and Urban Whites' Support for Affirmative Action and Government Help","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","grobid_abstract":"Dora frorir n pri~hnbi1it.v sat~iple of a t~r d o r rirerropolitarr area in the United Srntec were irsed to examinc tiit' extent to ~vliich racial prejudice predicted variations in whites' support for both governmetir efforts to help blacks tlrrou.qlr social and ecotiomic initiatives, it1 general, atrd through Affirmative Actioti programs itr employment, irr particular. We examit~ed the relative contributions nf traditional and contemporary racial prej~tdice, it~dividual andgroup self-interests, and stratification beliefs to the support of race-related policies. Corifirnlatory Factor Analy.ses were used to ascertain the empirical indepeiqdence of the multiple independent measures and the 1 1~0 poliiy outcomes. Similar to some previous studies, we found that all three classes of variables predict ~vhite.~'s~ipport of racial policies bur racial prejudice is the most important. Moreover, the conreniporary forms of prri~ldice are most consequential in predicting levels of support for social policies designed to reduce racial inequality. Finally, controlling for racial prejudice revealed that wlrites who adhere to basic American values of equal opportunity, hold beliefs that some groups are doniinant over others, and believe in the inherent superiority ~vltites, actual(v favor Affirmative Action and tend to be supportive ofgovernment help for blacks. * We wish to thank Richard Lempert and the anonymous reviewers of Social Problems for helpful comments on a n earlier version ot this paper and Car Nosel and Clara Kawanishi tor assistance with the preparation 01 the manuqcript.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1999,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Social Problems","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":101950986},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/101398380/Traditional_and_Contemporary_Prejudice_and_Urban_Whites_Support_for_Affirmative_Action_and_Government_Help","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-05-07T13:20:23.647-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32947155,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":101950986,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101950986/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"73f65a3ba5bb45fec714c40be105aaf8f0b7.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101950986/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Traditional_and_Contemporary_Prejudice_a.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/101950986/73f65a3ba5bb45fec714c40be105aaf8f0b7-libre.pdf?1683492750=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTraditional_and_Contemporary_Prejudice_a.pdf\u0026Expires=1743568296\u0026Signature=PQH2j6veiYdiwJLFEc7O50DTIUq11f7WfBmNfYDkEwEJix0IYxIIIVr1Z-PBaChHnHV3w8NVXYv2CJ5kdfoWUF5LkH9x1se0ul22ZLyvDkA2zVqe8sZxeqRhGd850ELT3FH0WvOJFy46KV3gPWecXW6CTaKnNuHTHvBofLzPibhJ-s6EHkxiSyOdF-euLxq6GwK1kxxoK74e492qavWe3qpbzo76L-QFW7T82YaxwzjO1P-Z-aJc6DXRd6rhTGWDxlYg~wp0vhP0FqVZscfgwLSZpRQkzn~oNxhl6fbktErP4rvPuqj02xGbNQi5TeN0Y98zYGTRI0-KyD0eT0SmFg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Traditional_and_Contemporary_Prejudice_and_Urban_Whites_Support_for_Affirmative_Action_and_Government_Help","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Dora frorir n pri~hnbi1it.v sat~iple of a t~r d o r rirerropolitarr area in the United Srntec were irsed to examinc tiit' extent to ~vliich racial prejudice predicted variations in whites' support for both governmetir efforts to help blacks tlrrou.qlr social and ecotiomic initiatives, it1 general, atrd through Affirmative Actioti programs itr employment, irr particular. We examit~ed the relative contributions nf traditional and contemporary racial prej~tdice, it~dividual andgroup self-interests, and stratification beliefs to the support of race-related policies. Corifirnlatory Factor Analy.ses were used to ascertain the empirical indepeiqdence of the multiple independent measures and the 1 1~0 poliiy outcomes. Similar to some previous studies, we found that all three classes of variables predict ~vhite.~'s~ipport of racial policies bur racial prejudice is the most important. Moreover, the conreniporary forms of prri~ldice are most consequential in predicting levels of support for social policies designed to reduce racial inequality. Finally, controlling for racial prejudice revealed that wlrites who adhere to basic American values of equal opportunity, hold beliefs that some groups are doniinant over others, and believe in the inherent superiority ~vltites, actual(v favor Affirmative Action and tend to be supportive ofgovernment help for blacks. * We wish to thank Richard Lempert and the anonymous reviewers of Social Problems for helpful comments on a n earlier version ot this paper and Car Nosel and Clara Kawanishi tor assistance with the preparation 01 the manuqcript.","owner":{"id":32947155,"first_name":"Tony","middle_initials":"N .","last_name":"Brown","page_name":"TonyNBrown","domain_name":"rice","created_at":"2015-07-09T19:44:15.183-07:00","display_name":"Tony N . 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Using nationally representative data collected from 22 consecutive cohorts of high school seniors (approximate N = 188,000) from the Monitoring the Future (MTF) project, we investigated whether correlates of substance use changed across historical time. We found a high degree of consistency across historical time in predictors of past month cigarette use, past month alcohol use, past year marijuana use, and past year cocaine use. Some predictors such as religiosity, political beliefs, truancy, and frequent evenings out were consistently linked to substance use. The consistency of other predictors such as region, parental education, and college plans was contingent in part upon historical time period, the particular substance, and its level of use.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1b9d67cfa38a7592e082b530b1612844" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":88968628,"asset_id":83713339,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88968628/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="83713339"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="83713339"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83713339; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=83713339]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=83713339]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83713339; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='83713339']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1b9d67cfa38a7592e082b530b1612844" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=83713339]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":83713339,"title":"Are risk and protective factors for substance use consistent across historical time?: national data from the high school classes of 1976 through 1997","translated_title":"","metadata":{"ai_title_tag":"Consistency of Substance Use Factors Over Time","grobid_abstract":"Researchers have seldom examined whether risk and protective factors are consistently linked to substance use across historical time. 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The consistency of other predictors such as region, parental education, and college plans was contingent in part upon historical time period, the particular substance, and its level of use.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2001,"errors":{}},"grobid_abstract_attachment_id":88968628},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/83713339/Are_risk_and_protective_factors_for_substance_use_consistent_across_historical_time_national_data_from_the_high_school_classes_of_1976_through_1997","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-07-25T06:06:15.772-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32947155,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":88968628,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88968628/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"11121_2004_Article_294343.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88968628/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Are_risk_and_protective_factors_for_subs.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/88968628/11121_2004_Article_294343-libre.pdf?1658756979=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAre_risk_and_protective_factors_for_subs.pdf\u0026Expires=1743591329\u0026Signature=BIK7l6YPBzmJrnbz3l9hXyvTBLU3f6xFIDjIsfOkYXDGxd9l2FBOf5EbheyoyPkj5cuGpfJLm07RqhchZDhVrk8j-PPKDVSZrBpPnS8igYoJD4~9UHqC~MRmw95F~4RWx29vGFLAzktwH-LZIKJ57xbBBL0UL3KjZPFhr8-Hs7Er7RgFOEZMNq0f5BkJf7FjPz68EczJZqzjnLkTvwXQZLViNT6JMJDToR5A-tvx4oZogpN67pHNnssuT~ryIvzZcL-is-8Xe0q~84dFlrmkIWwMctrQxUNBMSDWM-qhx3RpzmkdzJeH1HNJNejjspRDbILzSs7h9OWAbrsVMzZ17w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Are_risk_and_protective_factors_for_substance_use_consistent_across_historical_time_national_data_from_the_high_school_classes_of_1976_through_1997","translated_slug":"","page_count":15,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Researchers have seldom examined whether risk and protective factors are consistently linked to substance use across historical time. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-83713339-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="83713336"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/83713336/Critical_Race_Theory_Speaks_to_the_Sociology_of_Mental_Health_Mental_Health_Problems_Produced_by_Racial_Stratification"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Critical Race Theory Speaks to the Sociology of Mental Health: Mental Health Problems Produced by Racial Stratification" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88968616/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/83713336/Critical_Race_Theory_Speaks_to_the_Sociology_of_Mental_Health_Mental_Health_Problems_Produced_by_Racial_Stratification">Critical Race Theory Speaks to the Sociology of Mental Health: Mental Health Problems Produced by Racial Stratification</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Health and Social Behavior</span><span>, 2003</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. 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We think social scientists ignore how videos provide data for investigating interpersonal discrimination. We characterize the videos according to multiple features including context, characteristics, and responses of individuals involved, type of threat or mistreatment, and level of psychological and physical harm. We then summarize features across the videos. Among other things, analyses uncover implicit, explicit, and historically specific anti-Asian sentiment alongside evidence perpetrators are men and bystanders do not intervene typically. The Discussion contrasts Asians’ experiences of interpersonal discrimination because of COVID-19 against the interpersonal and institutional discrimination faced by American Indians, blacks, and Hispanics in the United States. That contrast brings Asians’ positionality into sharp relief.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="22314a01cde30c39eb4bd3eb0df70a85" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":88968537,"asset_id":83713181,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88968537/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="83713181"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="83713181"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83713181; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=83713181]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=83713181]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83713181; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='83713181']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "22314a01cde30c39eb4bd3eb0df70a85" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=83713181]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":83713181,"title":"Viral Racism via Videos: A Study of Asians’ Experiences of Interpersonal Discrimination Because of COVID-19","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study analyzes five publicly posted videos wherein Asians experience interpersonal discrimination because of COVID-19. 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Through three surveys we analyzed the preference for Colored, Negro, Black, Afro-American, or African American: the 1971 and 1992 Detroit Area Studies and the 1979–1980 National Survey of Black Americans. No label was universally accepted nor was any determinant consistently significant. 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Our aim was to quantify the degree of concordance between them. The study collected blood and urine samples to derive a 10 component estimate of allostatic load. In addition, the computer-assisted interview included an array of self-report measures such as self-perceived health, doctordiagnosed diseases, bed days, and activity limitations. Allostatic load and the self-report measures were dichotomised. Modest concordance was observed between allostatic load and selfperceived health (OR = 1.742), doctor-diagnosed diseases (OR = 2.309), bed days (OR = 1.103), activity limitations (OR = 1.778), and ill on any self-report health measure (OR = 1.700). The self-report measures were significantly predictive of allostatic load, with the exception of bed days. Further, there was little evidence to suggest that race, sex, education, or past year depression moderated the level of concordance. Our findings support the hypothesis that biological markers and self-report measures could be used in tandem when specifying an individual's health status, and the distribution of population health.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ba381e879ec2343cdc4bb921068c7fc5" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":81711152,"asset_id":73024542,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81711152/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="73024542"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="73024542"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73024542; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=73024542]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=73024542]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73024542; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='73024542']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ba381e879ec2343cdc4bb921068c7fc5" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=73024542]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":73024542,"title":"The multidimensionality of health: associations between allostatic load and self-report health measures in a community epidemiologic study","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","grobid_abstract":"With social survey data from a random sample of 1252 black and white adults who participated in the Nashville Stress and Health Study, we cross-classified biological markers of dysregulation with self-report health measures. 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Specifically, this study extends findings from a recent study authored by Lee and colleagues (2014) who report that only women experience poor physical health outcomes as a function of familial incarceration. Methods: We re-analyze their data (i.e., the National Survey of American Life, n=6082), focusing exclusively on native-born black men (n=1139)—the demographic group that bears the direct impact of mass incarceration. The outcome is obesity and principal predictors are familial and former incarceration, and their statistical interaction. Results: Familial incarceration appears an unimportant predictor (consistent with Lee et al. 2014), whereas former incarceration associates with a lower risk of obesity. However, former incarceration magnifies the association between familial incarceration and obesity, such that native-born black men experiencing both are more likely to be obese...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68414602"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68414602"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414602; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414602]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414602]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414602; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='68414602']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=68414602]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":68414602,"title":"Familial and Former Incarceration and African American Men ’ s Risk of Obesity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Objectives: To build upon work addressing the physical health consequences of familial incarceration. 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David Mechanic (2006) has argued that the term “mental health” has no clear or consistent meaning, and in the sociological literature, this argument is generally true. Mental health is not merely the absence of disease or disorder; it involves self-esteem, mastery, and the ability to maintain meaningful relationships with others. The concept of mental health is better developed in the psychology literature, and Carol Ryff has provided an exceptional account of “happiness” that draws on the theories of Maslow, Rogers, Jung, and Allport to develop a multidimensional construct of psychological wellbeing (Ryff, 1989). Although most of us fall short of achieving optimal well-being or happiness, those who experience mental health problems or psychological distress have been the focus...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="03a7f544a47c301e7fbb1a66e37da3bd" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78897412,"asset_id":68414597,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78897412/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68414597"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68414597"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414597; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414597]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414597]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414597; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='68414597']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "03a7f544a47c301e7fbb1a66e37da3bd" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=68414597]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":68414597,"title":"Part I Approaches to Mental Health and Illness : Conflicting Definitions and Emphases","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Mental health and mental disorder represent two different areas of theory, research, and policy implications, reflecting our tendency to dichotomize healthy and sick, normal and abnormal, and sane and insane. 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Although most of us fall short of achieving optimal well-being or happiness, those who experience mental health problems or psychological distress have been the focus...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68414597/Part_I_Approaches_to_Mental_Health_and_Illness_Conflicting_Definitions_and_Emphases","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-16T08:37:33.204-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32947155,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78897412,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78897412/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"9780521728911_excerpt.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78897412/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Part_I_Approaches_to_Mental_Health_and_I.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78897412/9780521728911_excerpt-libre.pdf?1642352179=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPart_I_Approaches_to_Mental_Health_and_I.pdf\u0026Expires=1743568296\u0026Signature=TAiAe7BnRs6w5aiUCzwyoDqd5p0zvQ0ERE5yWFXYNefFGDdnxN-PDAlSTNgP7CJ22mSh5TO7qqH33-QD2ir3UYpaFpP-9IOV69jDTnSAaJDLsD7bQ9KM6o3~fldmeh-mFpg1hcGTAgVDa9MKo6zBDNelWjvfVbzEMX3dMBN2wHgWMheig3fCQDl93h9BiwnFKRePloT3sRdcaFaWNMpcN2TIjZ0dcXn7XH4vN3zLDRiPj-uE2mWHB9RJmoXdGsNhBblsvxvhtK0eX1mzBp7zoFyT1cqhfxesRdnyL~ZY6Te1cTzN5~lwZ0Te1tH2luhvb~yaAQS4jNA9JF12s3hSsQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Part_I_Approaches_to_Mental_Health_and_Illness_Conflicting_Definitions_and_Emphases","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Mental health and mental disorder represent two different areas of theory, research, and policy implications, reflecting our tendency to dichotomize healthy and sick, normal and abnormal, and sane and insane. 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Background Research documents the spillover effects of mass incarceration on the families of those incarcerated. Approximately half of black women have at least one family member currently incarcerated; yet the potential psychological costs of familial incarceration among black women remains under‐investigated, particularly among those who are not parents. Method Utilizing the National Survey of American Life, a nationally representative sample of never‐incarcerated African American women (N = 1,961), this study used regression to examine the association of mental health (measured by psychological distress and depressive symptomatology), familial incarceration, and combinations of social roles. Results Familial incarceration was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms and psychological distress. Women that were employed only typically had improved psychological adjustment compared to other role combinations; yet, employment did not mute the mental health costs of familial incarceration. Conclusion African American women disproportionately experience the incarceration of family members, and the findings demonstrate that this experience is detrimental to mental health. Though social roles variably provide social, psychological, and economic resources to cope with familial incarceration, results show that the mental health costs of incarceration are generally consistent across role combinations. The expansive criminal justice system holds large implications for the well‐being of populations at the intersection of race, gender, and social roles.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68414591"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68414591"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414591; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414591]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414591]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414591; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='68414591']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=68414591]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":68414591,"title":"Familial Incarceration, Social Role Combinations, and Mental Health Among African American Women","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Objective The current study uses insights from the stress process model and role theory to examine the relationship between familial incarceration, three key social roles—spouse, parent, and employee—and African American women\u0026amp;#39;s mental health. Background Research documents the spillover effects of mass incarceration on the families of those incarcerated. Approximately half of black women have at least one family member currently incarcerated; yet the potential psychological costs of familial incarceration among black women remains under‐investigated, particularly among those who are not parents. Method Utilizing the National Survey of American Life, a nationally representative sample of never‐incarcerated African American women (N = 1,961), this study used regression to examine the association of mental health (measured by psychological distress and depressive symptomatology), familial incarceration, and combinations of social roles. Results Familial incarceration was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms and psychological distress. Women that were employed only typically had improved psychological adjustment compared to other role combinations; yet, employment did not mute the mental health costs of familial incarceration. Conclusion African American women disproportionately experience the incarceration of family members, and the findings demonstrate that this experience is detrimental to mental health. Though social roles variably provide social, psychological, and economic resources to cope with familial incarceration, results show that the mental health costs of incarceration are generally consistent across role combinations. The expansive criminal justice system holds large implications for the well‐being of populations at the intersection of race, gender, and social roles.","publisher":"Wiley","publication_name":"Journal of Marriage and Family"},"translated_abstract":"Objective The current study uses insights from the stress process model and role theory to examine the relationship between familial incarceration, three key social roles—spouse, parent, and employee—and African American women\u0026amp;#39;s mental health. Background Research documents the spillover effects of mass incarceration on the families of those incarcerated. Approximately half of black women have at least one family member currently incarcerated; yet the potential psychological costs of familial incarceration among black women remains under‐investigated, particularly among those who are not parents. Method Utilizing the National Survey of American Life, a nationally representative sample of never‐incarcerated African American women (N = 1,961), this study used regression to examine the association of mental health (measured by psychological distress and depressive symptomatology), familial incarceration, and combinations of social roles. Results Familial incarceration was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms and psychological distress. Women that were employed only typically had improved psychological adjustment compared to other role combinations; yet, employment did not mute the mental health costs of familial incarceration. Conclusion African American women disproportionately experience the incarceration of family members, and the findings demonstrate that this experience is detrimental to mental health. Though social roles variably provide social, psychological, and economic resources to cope with familial incarceration, results show that the mental health costs of incarceration are generally consistent across role combinations. The expansive criminal justice system holds large implications for the well‐being of populations at the intersection of race, gender, and social roles.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68414591/Familial_Incarceration_Social_Role_Combinations_and_Mental_Health_Among_African_American_Women","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-16T08:37:30.468-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32947155,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Familial_Incarceration_Social_Role_Combinations_and_Mental_Health_Among_African_American_Women","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Objective The current study uses insights from the stress process model and role theory to examine the relationship between familial incarceration, three key social roles—spouse, parent, and employee—and African American women\u0026amp;#39;s mental health. Background Research documents the spillover effects of mass incarceration on the families of those incarcerated. Approximately half of black women have at least one family member currently incarcerated; yet the potential psychological costs of familial incarceration among black women remains under‐investigated, particularly among those who are not parents. Method Utilizing the National Survey of American Life, a nationally representative sample of never‐incarcerated African American women (N = 1,961), this study used regression to examine the association of mental health (measured by psychological distress and depressive symptomatology), familial incarceration, and combinations of social roles. Results Familial incarceration was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms and psychological distress. Women that were employed only typically had improved psychological adjustment compared to other role combinations; yet, employment did not mute the mental health costs of familial incarceration. Conclusion African American women disproportionately experience the incarceration of family members, and the findings demonstrate that this experience is detrimental to mental health. Though social roles variably provide social, psychological, and economic resources to cope with familial incarceration, results show that the mental health costs of incarceration are generally consistent across role combinations. The expansive criminal justice system holds large implications for the well‐being of populations at the intersection of race, gender, and social roles.","owner":{"id":32947155,"first_name":"Tony","middle_initials":"N .","last_name":"Brown","page_name":"TonyNBrown","domain_name":"rice","created_at":"2015-07-09T19:44:15.183-07:00","display_name":"Tony N . 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Any opinions expressed are those of the authors al...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">provided helpful comments on a previous draft. Any opinions expressed are those of the authors alone.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="51a36a5e43d47258240cce7955da145f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78897508,"asset_id":68414587,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78897508/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68414587"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68414587"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414587; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414587]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414587]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414587; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='68414587']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "51a36a5e43d47258240cce7955da145f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=68414587]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":68414587,"title":"Poverty and Prosperity: Prospects for Reducing Racial/Ethnic Economic Disparities in the United States","translated_title":"","metadata":{"ai_title_tag":"Reducing Racial/Ethnic Economic Disparities in the U.S.","grobid_abstract":"provided helpful comments on a previous draft. 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Those holding positions consistent with black nationalism argue, among other things, that racial integration, political participation, and alignment with white interests could not ultimately produce racial parity. Instead, they support (cultural, social, economic, and political) separatism, constant vigilance, and community uplift as tactics for engineering racial parity. Using data from a nationally representative survey of the black population collected 35 years ago, the authors measured black nationalist tendencies using six indicators: (1) agreement that blacks should vote for black candidates, (2) agreement that blacks should shop in black-owned stores, (3) agreement that black men should not date white women, (4) support for forming a bla...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68414580"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68414580"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414580; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414580]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414580]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414580; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='68414580']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=68414580]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":68414580,"title":"Black Nationalist Tendencies and Their Association with Perceived Inefficacy of the Civil Rights Movement and of Black Elected Officials","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study addressed whether black nationalist tendencies explain why some blacks in 1980 perceived that the civil rights movement and black elected officials failed to improve the black community’s standing, including their own life chances. 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Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) data, we examine mental health consequences of inconsistency over time within expressed (self) and observed (interviewer) racial identifications among American Indians. Given that phenotype signals race, we also contribute to prior research by examining whether skin color moderates inconsistency’s mental health consequences. Analyses show that observed racial inconsistency increased American Indians’ depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. That is, when interviewers labeled a respondent “American Indian” at one wave of data but not another, there were deleterious implications for mental health status. In addition, an interaction between observed inconsistency and skin color demonstrated that observed inconsistency tended to be harmful when respondents were observed as ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="af2563e501db66d32de835776bb6362d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78897499,"asset_id":68414570,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78897499/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68414570"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68414570"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414570; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414570]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68414570]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68414570; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='68414570']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "af2563e501db66d32de835776bb6362d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=68414570]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":68414570,"title":"Inconsistency within Expressed and Observed Racial Identifications","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The present study extends previous work on distress that arises from discrepancy between self and interviewer racial identifications. 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Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) data, we examine mental health consequences of inconsistency over time within expressed (self) and observed (interviewer) racial identifications among American Indians. Given that phenotype signals race, we also contribute to prior research by examining whether skin color moderates inconsistency’s mental health consequences. Analyses show that observed racial inconsistency increased American Indians’ depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. That is, when interviewers labeled a respondent “American Indian” at one wave of data but not another, there were deleterious implications for mental health status. 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Any opinions expressed are those of the authors al...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">provided helpful comments on a previous draft. 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Any opinions expressed are those of the authors alone.","owner":{"id":32947155,"first_name":"Tony","middle_initials":"N .","last_name":"Brown","page_name":"TonyNBrown","domain_name":"rice","created_at":"2015-07-09T19:44:15.183-07:00","display_name":"Tony N . 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Survey researchers assert it indicates whether whites do not care about racial equality. Deviating from prior studies, we investigate racial apathy among black teenagers. Specifically, we examine racial apathy’s prevalence and correlates, and associations with emotional well-being and alcohol use. Analyzing data from the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR, n = 3290), we find one in four black teenagers does not care about racial equality. In terms of correlates, we find daily importance of faith links negatively with racial apathy. Low grades and school difficulties directly predict racial apathy among black teenagers. Living in the West, compared to other regions, associates with larger odds of expressing racial apathy. Finally, black teenagers’ expressions of racial apathy do not predict their emotional well-being or alcohol use.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-68413878-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-68413878-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31399242/table-1-analyses-are-weighted-for-the-probability-of"><img alt="Analyses are weighted for the probability of selection, non-response, and non-coverage. Listwise sample size equals 523. Available sample size for these analyses equals 559 Table 1 Univariate distribution of racial apathy among blacks in the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/78897024/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31399247/table-2-descriptive-statistics-for-correlates-of-racial"><img alt="Table 2 Descriptive statistics for correlates of racial apathy among blacks in the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR) Analyses are weighted for the probability of selection, non-response, and non-coverage. Listwise sample size equals 523. Available sample size for these analyses equals 559 " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/78897024/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31399253/table-3-estimates-from-binary-logistic-regression-of-racial"><img alt="Table 3 Estimates from a binary logistic regression of racial apathy on correlates among blacks in the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR) 4 Excluded groups in the regression models " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/78897024/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31399258/table-4-analyses-are-weighted-for-the-probability-of"><img alt="Analyses are weighted for the probability of selection, non-response, and non-coverage. Listwise sample size equals 523. Available sample size for these analyses equals 559 Table 4 Descriptive statistics for emotional well-being and alcohol use among blacks in the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/78897024/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31399266/table-5-the-prevalence-correlates-and-consequences-of-racial"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/78897024/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31399271/table-6-standard-errors-are-reported-in-parentheses"><img alt="Standard errors are reported in parentheses underneath odds ratios. Analyses are weighted for the probability of selection, non-response, and non-coverage. Listwise sample size equals 523. Available sample size for these analyses equals 559 a Excluded groups in the regression models " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/78897024/table_006.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-68413878-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0847e901f8207d51087e087a06d674ae" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78897024,"asset_id":68413878,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78897024/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68413878"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68413878"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68413878; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68413878]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68413878]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68413878; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='68413878']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0847e901f8207d51087e087a06d674ae" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=68413878]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":68413878,"title":"The Prevalence, Correlates, and Consequences of Racial Apathy Among Black Teenagers","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Racial apathy is a socially desirable and contemporary form of white racial prejudice that resonates with color-blind ideologies. 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In terms of correlates, we find daily importance of faith links negatively with racial apathy. Low grades and school difficulties directly predict racial apathy among black teenagers. Living in the West, compared to other regions, associates with larger odds of expressing racial apathy. Finally, black teenagers’ expressions of racial apathy do not predict their emotional well-being or alcohol use.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68413878/The_Prevalence_Correlates_and_Consequences_of_Racial_Apathy_Among_Black_Teenagers","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-16T08:30:29.943-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32947155,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78897024,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78897024/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s12111-020-09505-3.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78897024/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Prevalence_Correlates_and_Consequenc.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78897024/s12111-020-09505-3-libre.pdf?1642352203=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Prevalence_Correlates_and_Consequenc.pdf\u0026Expires=1743591331\u0026Signature=hB~132cv1yOzlgxZKgPbZRSEwYdPRsoyBi7Urhr6aZLajKmJw6Jc35yBXTPvu~BvF9QS4vNn18cLicz5koGWVEe-kEaSZqAUnM9H05hPGvOizCyC-qymb2qWxH2bKr56Z4aQJabt4XlBMaDGcB~OFEV1stX~pb9gp~awX03SKsjRvnB~GLhtP-Qr2LBcVTn4j~Xhr-0J6-PCg3GldQQ-WcE8gRANzM3Y53x2Nizwlg2Y2-6dDZ4EA08XbZyZhIMaxiHuJKMLrhGmd8recRWX7Nhx3pGOXuhykl8XS2mZzJFDwCJf3zV3r1B-h4AFmsBir7fU33EeZtDdJ6C3zUddcw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Prevalence_Correlates_and_Consequences_of_Racial_Apathy_Among_Black_Teenagers","translated_slug":"","page_count":16,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Racial apathy is a socially desirable and contemporary form of white racial prejudice that resonates with color-blind ideologies. Survey researchers assert it indicates whether whites do not care about racial equality. Deviating from prior studies, we investigate racial apathy among black teenagers. Specifically, we examine racial apathy’s prevalence and correlates, and associations with emotional well-being and alcohol use. Analyzing data from the 2003 National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR, n = 3290), we find one in four black teenagers does not care about racial equality. In terms of correlates, we find daily importance of faith links negatively with racial apathy. Low grades and school difficulties directly predict racial apathy among black teenagers. Living in the West, compared to other regions, associates with larger odds of expressing racial apathy. Finally, black teenagers’ expressions of racial apathy do not predict their emotional well-being or alcohol use.","owner":{"id":32947155,"first_name":"Tony","middle_initials":"N .","last_name":"Brown","page_name":"TonyNBrown","domain_name":"rice","created_at":"2015-07-09T19:44:15.183-07:00","display_name":"Tony N . 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-68413878-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="50657162"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/50657162/A_tale_of_two_generations_Maternal_skin_color_and_adverse_birth_outcomes_in_Black_African_American_women"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A tale of two generations: Maternal skin color and adverse birth outcomes in Black/African American women" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">A tale of two generations: Maternal skin color and adverse birth outcomes in Black/African American women</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science & Medicine</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="50657162"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50657162"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50657162; 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His election was a milestone moment. Hence, we expect black adults would experience improved mental health after the first self-identified black person wins election to the most powerful position in the United States. Using nationally representative survey data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), we address this expectation by predicting poor mental health days that black adults report preelection and postelection. We find no overall difference in poor mental health days between the time periods. However, a statistical interaction between gender and time period demonstrates black men report 1.01 fewer poor mental health days after the election, whereas black women report .45 more poor mental health days after the election.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="50657161"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50657161"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50657161; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50657161]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50657161]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50657161; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='50657161']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=50657161]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":50657161,"title":"“Yes We Can!” The Mental Health Significance for U.S. Black Adults of Barack Obama’s 2008 Presidential Election","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study examines the mental health significance of Barack Obama’s 2008 presidential election for black adults. His election was a milestone moment. Hence, we expect black adults would experience improved mental health after the first self-identified black person wins election to the most powerful position in the United States. Using nationally representative survey data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), we address this expectation by predicting poor mental health days that black adults report preelection and postelection. We find no overall difference in poor mental health days between the time periods. However, a statistical interaction between gender and time period demonstrates black men report 1.01 fewer poor mental health days after the election, whereas black women report .45 more poor mental health days after the election.","publisher":"SAGE Publications","publication_name":"Sociology of Race and Ethnicity"},"translated_abstract":"This study examines the mental health significance of Barack Obama’s 2008 presidential election for black adults. His election was a milestone moment. Hence, we expect black adults would experience improved mental health after the first self-identified black person wins election to the most powerful position in the United States. Using nationally representative survey data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), we address this expectation by predicting poor mental health days that black adults report preelection and postelection. We find no overall difference in poor mental health days between the time periods. However, a statistical interaction between gender and time period demonstrates black men report 1.01 fewer poor mental health days after the election, whereas black women report .45 more poor mental health days after the election.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/50657161/_Yes_We_Can_The_Mental_Health_Significance_for_U_S_Black_Adults_of_Barack_Obama_s_2008_Presidential_Election","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-08-03T08:29:12.563-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":32947155,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"_Yes_We_Can_The_Mental_Health_Significance_for_U_S_Black_Adults_of_Barack_Obama_s_2008_Presidential_Election","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This study examines the mental health significance of Barack Obama’s 2008 presidential election for black adults. His election was a milestone moment. Hence, we expect black adults would experience improved mental health after the first self-identified black person wins election to the most powerful position in the United States. Using nationally representative survey data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), we address this expectation by predicting poor mental health days that black adults report preelection and postelection. We find no overall difference in poor mental health days between the time periods. However, a statistical interaction between gender and time period demonstrates black men report 1.01 fewer poor mental health days after the election, whereas black women report .45 more poor mental health days after the election.","owner":{"id":32947155,"first_name":"Tony","middle_initials":"N .","last_name":"Brown","page_name":"TonyNBrown","domain_name":"rice","created_at":"2015-07-09T19:44:15.183-07:00","display_name":"Tony N . 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Survey researchers respond to this dynamism and such social desirability concerns by developing new ways to conceptualize and measure white racial prejudice (</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d3957b70ff6161294a57f676a78ac8c5" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":68555638,"asset_id":50657160,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68555638/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="50657160"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50657160"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50657160; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50657160]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50657160]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50657160; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='50657160']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d3957b70ff6161294a57f676a78ac8c5" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=50657160]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":50657160,"title":"“Who Cares?”: Investigating Consistency in Expressions of Racial Apathy among Whites","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"SAGE Publications","ai_title_tag":"White Racial Apathy and Survey Impact","grobid_abstract":"In addition, social desirability influences how whites answer survey questions about race and racism (Marlowe and Crowne 1961; Wodtke 2016). 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