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John Edward Gray – Wikipedia, wolna encyklopedia

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href="#Wybrane_prace"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Wybrane prace</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wybrane_prace-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zobacz_też" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zobacz_też"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Zobacz też</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zobacz_też-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">John Edward Gray</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 60 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">60 języków</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A5%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A" title="جون إدوارد غراي – arabski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جون إدوارد غراي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – aragoński" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Con_Eduard_Qrey" title="Con Eduard Qrey – azerbejdżański" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Con Eduard Qrey" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbejdżański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%82%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="جان ادوارد قری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جان ادوارد قری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87" title="জন অ্যাডওয়ার্ড গ্রে – bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জন অ্যাডওয়ার্ড গ্রে" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – minnański" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9" title="Джон Эдуард Грэй – białoruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джон Эдуард Грэй" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="białoruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Джон Едуард Грей – bułgarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джон Едуард Грей" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bułgarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – bretoński" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Грей Джон Эдуард – czuwaski" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Грей Джон Эдуард" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="czuwaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – walijski" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – duński" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="duński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – estoński" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%BF%CE%BD_%CE%88%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%84_%CE%93%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%B9" title="Τζον Έντουαρντ Γκρέι – grecki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τζον Έντουαρντ Γκρέι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="جان ادوارد گری – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جان ادوارد گری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – zachodniofryzyjski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="zachodniofryzyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – galicyjski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EC%97%90%EB%93%9C%EC%9B%8C%EB%93%9C_%EA%B7%B8%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4" title="존 에드워드 그레이 – koreański" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="존 에드워드 그레이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87" title="जॉन एडवर्ड ग्रे – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जॉन एडवर्ड ग्रे" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – chorwacki" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – indonezyjski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%90%D7%93%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99" title="ג&#039;ון אדוארד גריי – hebrajski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג&#039;ון אדוארד גריי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioannes_Eduardus_Gray" title="Ioannes Eduardus Gray – łaciński" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ioannes Eduardus Gray" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="łaciński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEons_Edvards_Grejs" title="Džons Edvards Grejs – łotewski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Džons Edvards Grejs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="łotewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – węgierski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="węgierski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%98" title="Џон Едвард Греј – macedoński" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Џон Едвард Греј" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA_%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87" title="ജോൺ എഡ്വേർഡ് ഗ്രേ – malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജോൺ എഡ്വേർഡ് ഗ്രേ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%89" title="جون ادوارد جراى – egipski arabski" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جون ادوارد جراى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egipski arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A8%E3%83%89%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4" title="ジョン・エドワード・グレイ – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジョン・エドワード・グレイ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – północnofryzyjski" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="północnofryzyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – norweski (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norweski (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – oksytański" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksytański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – rumuński" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumuński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Грей, Джон Эдуард – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Грей, Джон Эдуард" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – albański" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – słoweński" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="słoweński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%98" title="Џон Едвард Греј – serbski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џон Едвард Греј" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – fiński" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – szwedzki" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="szwedzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%87" title="ஜான் எட்வர்டு கிரே – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஜான் எட்வர்டு கிரே" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – turecki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Джон Едвард Грей – ukraiński" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джон Едвард Грей" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray – wietnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="John Edward Gray" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="wietnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7" title="约翰·爱德华·格雷 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="约翰·爱德华·格雷" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7" title="约翰·爱德华·格雷 – chiński" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="约翰·爱德华·格雷" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Narzędzia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Więcej opcji" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Działania </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedii, wolnej encyklopedii</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pl" dir="ltr"><div class="noprint noexcerpt disambig navigation-not-searchable" style="line-height:1.5em; padding: 3px 6px; background-color: var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9fa); color: inherit; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1); font-size: 95%; margin-bottom: 1em; display: flex; gap: 4px; align-items: center;"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Strona_ujednoznaczniaj%C4%85ca" title="Inne znaczenia"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/25px-Disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/38px-Disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/50px-Disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="183" /></a></span><span>Zobacz też: <a href="/wiki/John_Gray" class="mw-disambig" title="John Gray">John Gray</a>.</span></div> <table class="infobox"> <caption class="naglowek"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r65781301">.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-ikona{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0;font-size:7px;max-width:40px;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-tekst{flex-grow:1}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-1{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-2{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-3{font-style:italic;font-size:90%}</style><div class="iboxt-1">John Edward Gray</div><div class="iboxt-3">W taksonomii: <small>J. E. GRAY</small></div> </caption> <tbody><tr class="grafika iboxs"> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:John-Edward-Gray-1851.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="John Edward Gray (1851)"><img alt="Ilustracja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/John-Edward-Gray-1851.jpg/198px-John-Edward-Gray-1851.jpg" decoding="async" width="198" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/John-Edward-Gray-1851.jpg/297px-John-Edward-Gray-1851.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/John-Edward-Gray-1851.jpg/395px-John-Edward-Gray-1851.jpg 2x" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="710" /></a></span><br />John Edward Gray (1851) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Data i&#160;miejsce urodzenia </th> <td> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/12_lutego" title="12 lutego">12 lutego</a> <a href="/wiki/1800" title="1800">1800</a></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/Walsall" title="Walsall">Walsall</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Data i&#160;miejsce śmierci </th> <td> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/7_marca" title="7 marca">7 marca</a> <a href="/wiki/1875" title="1875">1875</a></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/Londyn" title="Londyn">Londyn</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Miejsce spoczynku </th> <td> <p>St Mary’s Church w Lewisham </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Zawód, zajęcie </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Natura" title="Natura">przyrodnik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zoolog" title="Zoolog">zoolog</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Małżeństwo </th> <td> <p>Maria Emma Gray (1826–?) </p> </td></tr> <tr class="grafika iboxs"> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:John_Edward_Gray_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Faksymile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/John_Edward_Gray_Signature.svg/130px-John_Edward_Gray_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/John_Edward_Gray_Signature.svg/195px-John_Edward_Gray_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/John_Edward_Gray_Signature.svg/260px-John_Edward_Gray_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="182" data-file-height="31" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint plainlinks" style="border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; margin:0px; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle; width:30px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:John_Edward_Gray" title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/31px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/42px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:John_Edward_Gray" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:John Edward Gray">Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>John Edward Gray</b> (ur. <a href="/wiki/12_lutego" title="12 lutego">12 lutego</a> <a href="/wiki/1800" title="1800">1800</a>, zm. <a href="/wiki/7_marca" title="7 marca">7 marca</a> <a href="/wiki/1875" title="1875">1875</a>) – <a href="/wiki/Wielka_Brytania" title="Wielka Brytania">brytyjski</a> <a href="/wiki/Zoolog" title="Zoolog">zoolog</a>. Był starszym bratem <a href="/wiki/George_Robert_Gray" title="George Robert Gray">George’a Roberta Graya</a>. Był opiekunem działu <a href="/wiki/Zoologia" title="Zoologia">zoologii</a> w <a href="/wiki/Muzeum_Brytyjskie" title="Muzeum Brytyjskie">British Museum</a> w <a href="/wiki/Londyn" title="Londyn">Londynie</a> od 1840 do końca 1874. Opublikował kilka katalogów zawierających opracowane kolekcje zwierząt znajdujących się w muzeum i opisał nowe <a href="/wiki/Gatunek_(biologia)" title="Gatunek (biologia)">gatunki</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Życiorys"><span id=".C5.BByciorys"></span>Życiorys</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Edward_Gray&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Życiorys" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Edward_Gray&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Życiorys"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Urodził się w <a href="/wiki/Walsall" title="Walsall">Walsall</a> jako syn <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Frederick_Gray" title="Samuel Frederick Gray">Samuela Fredericka Graya</a> (1766–1828), znanego farmakologa i botanika w tamtych czasach. Jego rodzina przeniosła się do <a href="/wiki/Londyn" title="Londyn">Londynu</a>, gdzie studiował <a href="/wiki/Medycyna" title="Medycyna">medycynę</a>. Pomagał ojcu w pisaniu <i>The Natural Arrangement of British Plants</i> (1821). Swoje zainteresowania skierował ku <a href="/wiki/Botanika" title="Botanika">botanice</a> i zoologii. Zaczynał w 1824 jako pomocnik <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_George_Children&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="John George Children (strona nie istnieje)">Johna George’a Childrena</a> przy katalogowaniu kolekcji <a href="/wiki/Gady" title="Gady">gadów</a> na zoologicznym oddziale British Museum. W 1840 przejął od Childrena posadę opiekuna działu zoologii. </p><p>Interesował się również <a href="/wiki/Filatelistyka" title="Filatelistyka">filatelistyką</a>. </p><p>Od 1832 roku był członkiem <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a><sup id="cite_ref-rs_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rs-1">[1]</a></sup>. </p><p>W uznaniu wkładu w rozwój zoologii wiele gatunków zwierząt, w tym <a href="/wiki/Czapla_siod%C5%82ata" title="Czapla siodłata">czapla siodłata</a> (<i>Ardeola grayii</i>), otrzymało naukową nazwę od jego nazwiska<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wybrane_prace">Wybrane prace</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Edward_Gray&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Wybrane prace" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Edward_Gray&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Wybrane prace"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Illustrations of Indian Zoology</i> (1830–35) (współautor: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Hardwicke&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Hardwicke (strona nie istnieje)">Thomas Hardwicke</a>)</li> <li><i>The Zoological Miscellany. To Be Continued Occasionally.</i> London: Published by Treuttel, Wurtz and Co. (1831)</li> <li><i>Catalog of Shield Reptiles</i> (1855 i 1870)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zobacz_też"><span id="Zobacz_te.C5.BC"></span>Zobacz też</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Edward_Gray&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edytuj sekcję: Zobacz też" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Edward_Gray&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Zobacz też"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle" style="margin:0.2em 0 0.5em 1.6em"><span class="nomobile navigation-not-searchable"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/16px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/24px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/32px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span>&#160;</span><i>Z tym tematem związana jest kategoria: <a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Taksony_opisane_przez_Johna_Edwarda_Graya" title="Kategoria:Taksony opisane przez Johna Edwarda Graya">Taksony opisane przez Johna Edwarda Graya</a>.</i></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Edward_Gray&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Edward_Gray&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-rs-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-rs_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190710105956/https://royalsociety.org/~/media/royal_society_content/about-us/fellowship/fellows1660-2007.pdf">List of Fellows of the Royal Society 1660 – 2007</a>.&#32;The Royal Society Library and Information Services,&#32;2007.&#32;<span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/key-to-scientific-names/search?q=grayi"><i>grayi</i></a>, [w:] <i>The Key to Scientific Names</i>, <span class="cite-name-full">J.A.</span><span class="cite-name-initials" style="display:none">J.A.</span>&#160;<span class="cite-lastname">Jobling</span> (red.), [w:] Birds of the World, S.M. Billerman <i>et al</i>. (red.), Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca<span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2024-11-03]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft.gengre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=grayi&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.btitle=The+Key+to+Scientific+Names" style="display:none">&#160;</span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74016753">.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div+div{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div>div{background:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);padding:.2em .5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul li:first-child{padding-left:.5em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}</style> <div id="normdaten" class="catlinks"><div class="normdaten-typ-p"><div><a href="/wiki/Kontrola_autorytatywna" title="Kontrola autorytatywna">Kontrola 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