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Hinduism in France - Wikipedia

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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Emergence_of_Hindus_in_France" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emergence_of_Hindus_in_France"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Emergence of Hindus in France</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emergence_of_Hindus_in_France-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influence_of_Hinduism_in_France" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influence_of_Hinduism_in_France"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Influence of Hinduism in France</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Influence_of_Hinduism_in_France-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Influence of Hinduism in France subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Influence_of_Hinduism_in_France-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notable_personalities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_personalities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Notable personalities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_personalities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hinduism_in_French_overseas_territories" class="vector-toc-list-item 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id="toc-Hinduism_in_French_Guiana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hinduism_in_French_Guiana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Hinduism in French Guiana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hinduism_in_French_Guiana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hinduism_in_Réunion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hinduism_in_Réunion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Hinduism in Réunion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hinduism_in_Réunion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hinduism_in_Guadeloupe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hinduism_in_Guadeloupe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Hinduism in Guadeloupe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hinduism_in_Guadeloupe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_French_Hindus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_French_Hindus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notable French Hindus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_French_Hindus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Famous_Hindu_Temples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Famous_Hindu_Temples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Famous Hindu Temples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Famous_Hindu_Temples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Further sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindouisme_en_France" title="Hindouisme en France – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hindouisme en France" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B4%D3%99_%D2%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Франциядә Һинд дине – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Франциядә Һинд дине" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">French Hindus</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Mayapur_-_30.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/New_Mayapur_-_30.jpg/250px-New_Mayapur_-_30.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/New_Mayapur_-_30.jpg/375px-New_Mayapur_-_30.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/New_Mayapur_-_30.jpg/500px-New_Mayapur_-_30.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2247" data-file-height="1685" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">An <a href="/wiki/Iskcon" class="mw-redirect" title="Iskcon">ISKCON</a> temple in <a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%A7ay-le-M%C3%A2le" title="Luçay-le-Mâle">Luçay-le-Mâle</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>121,312 (2020)</b><br />0.2% of the total Population</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9">Religions</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a> (majority)<br /><a href="/wiki/Shaivism" title="Shaivism">Shaivism</a> and others (minority)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9">Scriptures</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/%C4%80gama_(Hinduism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Āgama (Hinduism)">Agamas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Sacred</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Tamil" title="Old Tamil">Old Tamil</a><br /> <p><b>National</b><br /><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a><br /> <b>Regional</b><br /><a href="/wiki/French_Guianese_Creole" title="French Guianese Creole">French Guianese Creole</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_Antillean_Creole" class="mw-redirect" title="French Antillean Creole">French Antillean Creole</a>, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union_Creole" title="Réunion Creole">Réunion Creole</a><br /> </p> <b>Others</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mauritian_Creole" title="Mauritian Creole">Mauritian Creole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a>, etc. (among diaspora)</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:P%C3%A8re-Lachaise_-_Division_87_-_Columbarium_-_Octobre_2015_-_31.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/P%C3%A8re-Lachaise_-_Division_87_-_Columbarium_-_Octobre_2015_-_31.jpg/220px-P%C3%A8re-Lachaise_-_Division_87_-_Columbarium_-_Octobre_2015_-_31.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/P%C3%A8re-Lachaise_-_Division_87_-_Columbarium_-_Octobre_2015_-_31.jpg/330px-P%C3%A8re-Lachaise_-_Division_87_-_Columbarium_-_Octobre_2015_-_31.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/P%C3%A8re-Lachaise_-_Division_87_-_Columbarium_-_Octobre_2015_-_31.jpg/440px-P%C3%A8re-Lachaise_-_Division_87_-_Columbarium_-_Octobre_2015_-_31.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2462" data-file-height="2462" /></a><figcaption>Hindu burial in the columbarium of <a href="/wiki/Pere-Lachaise_Cemetery" class="mw-redirect" title="Pere-Lachaise Cemetery">Pere-Lachaise Cemetery</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></b> is a minority <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_France" title="Religion in France">religion in France</a> that is followed by more than 121,312 people in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, which is nearly 0.2% of the nation's population. Most of the <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a> in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> are mainly from the <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Tamil_diaspora" title="Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora">Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Indians_in_France" title="Indians in France">Indian diaspora</a>, though there are many <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a> from <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mauritians_in_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauritians in France">Mauritius</a> and other nations. There are also Hindus who are <a href="/wiki/French_nationality_law" title="French nationality law">citizens of France</a> </p><p>France has the fifth largest Hindu population in Europe after the <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Hinduism in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Italy" title="Hinduism in Italy">Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_the_Netherlands" title="Hinduism in the Netherlands">The Netherlands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Germany" title="Hinduism in Germany">Germany</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Emergence_of_Hindus_in_France">Emergence of Hindus in France</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_France&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Emergence of Hindus in France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The initial presence of Hindus in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> dates to the early 1700s and primarily consisted of sailors and servants, who eventually converted to <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>. The Hindu population remained small until the opening of the <a href="/wiki/Suez_Canal" title="Suez Canal">Suez Canal</a> in 1869, which reduced the travel time between <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>. Thereafter, as Indian dancers, musicians, and <a href="/wiki/Yogi" title="Yogi">yogis</a> began to migrate to France, the Hindu population slowly grew. From 1900 to 1920, a temporary <a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Hindu temple</a> was constructed. Businessmen, students, and intellectuals began to migrate and settle in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>. France also became a destination for refugees fighting for <a href="/wiki/Indian_independence_movement" title="Indian independence movement">Indian Independence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hindu immigration to France was catalyzed by Indian Independence in 1947. In 1971, Hindu <a href="/wiki/Bengalis" title="Bengalis">Bengalis</a> began migrating to France. By 1975, nearly 60,000 Indians, 40% of which were Hindu, had migrated from <a href="/wiki/Pondicherry" title="Pondicherry">Pondicherry</a> to France. <a href="/wiki/Mauritians" title="Mauritians">Mauritians</a> also began migrating to France for work and education after gaining independence. There are now approximately 60,000 Mauritians in France, primarily made up of Hindus and Muslims, and most of them settling in Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The majority of Hindus in France are now <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Tamils" title="Sri Lankan Tamils">Sri Lankan Tamils</a>, whose population surged during the <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_civil_war" title="Sri Lankan civil war">civil war in Sri Lanka</a> as refugees sought asylum in the West. Most refugees aimed for refuge in <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a>, but as Great Britain tightened their immigration policy, they eventually settled in France. For the same reason, <a href="/wiki/Gujarati_people" title="Gujarati people">Gujaratis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistanis" title="Pakistanis">Pakistanis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bangladeshis" title="Bangladeshis">Bangladeshis</a>, many of whom practiced Hinduism, settled in France.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influence_of_Hinduism_in_France">Influence of Hinduism in France</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_France&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Influence of Hinduism in France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2022, Durga Puja was celebrated in 12 pavilions across France with various events including worship, offering of Anjali, distribution of <a href="/wiki/Prasada" title="Prasada">prasad</a>, and cultural programs.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a> is celebrated in Reunion island, also <a href="/wiki/Ganesh_Chaturthi" title="Ganesh Chaturthi">Ganesh Chaturthi</a> is celebrated in Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_personalities">Notable personalities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_France&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Notable personalities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>French people who were influenced by Hinduism include&#160;: <a href="/wiki/Alexandra_David-N%C3%A9el" title="Alexandra David-Néel">Alexandra David-Néel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Gu%C3%A9non" title="René Guénon">René Guénon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mirra_Richard" class="mw-redirect" title="Mirra Richard">Mirra Richard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romain_Rolland" title="Romain Rolland">Romain Rolland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satprem" title="Satprem">Satprem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Gautier" title="François Gautier">François Gautier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Voltaire" title="Voltaire">Voltaire</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hinduism_in_French_overseas_territories">Hinduism in French overseas territories</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_France&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Hinduism in French overseas territories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hinduism_in_Martinique">Hinduism in Martinique</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_France&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Hinduism in Martinique"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Martinique" title="Hinduism in Martinique">Hinduism in Martinique</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> is followed in the Martinique by the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Martiniquais" title="Indo-Martiniquais">Indo-Martiniquais</a>. Though <a href="/wiki/Indo-Martiniquais" title="Indo-Martiniquais">Indo-Martiniquais</a> comprises approximately 10% of the population of the island of <a href="/wiki/Martinique" title="Martinique">Martinique</a>, inly 15% of <a href="/wiki/Indo-Martiniquais" title="Indo-Martiniquais">Indo-Martiniquais</a> are <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hinduism_in_French_Guiana">Hinduism in French Guiana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_France&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Hinduism in French Guiana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_French_Guiana" title="Hinduism in French Guiana">Hinduism in French Guiana</a></div> <p>As of 2010, Hinduism is followed by 1.6% of the population of <a href="/wiki/French_Guiana" title="French Guiana">French Guiana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It is practiced mostly by the descendants of the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Guyanese" title="Indo-Guyanese">Indo-Guyanese</a>, who in 2014 numbered around 360,000.<sup id="cite_ref-Routledge_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Routledge-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hinduism_in_Réunion"><span id="Hinduism_in_R.C3.A9union"></span>Hinduism in Réunion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_France&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Hinduism in Réunion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Reunion" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism in Reunion">Hinduism in Reunion</a></div> <p>The French government gathers no statistics on religious affiliation. Because of this, it is impossible to know accurately how many Hindus there are in Réunion. Estimates of practicing Hindus vary from 6.7%<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> to 10.7%.<sup id="cite_ref-religiousintelligence_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-religiousintelligence-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Most of the large towns have a functioning <a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Hindu temple</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> An interesting feature, likely peculiar to Réunion, is the simultaneous observance by some ethnic Indians of both Catholic and Hindu faiths, a practice that has earned them the sobriquet of being "socially Catholic and privately Hindu." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hinduism_in_Guadeloupe">Hinduism in Guadeloupe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_France&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Hinduism in Guadeloupe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Guadeloupe" title="Hinduism in Guadeloupe">Hinduism in Guadeloupe</a></div> <p>Hinduism is practised by Some <a href="/wiki/Indo-Guadeloupeans" title="Indo-Guadeloupeans">Indo-Guadeloupeans</a> in <a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe" title="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a>. According to statistics, Hinduism is followed by 0.5% of the Guadelopeans.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_French_Hindus">Notable French Hindus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_France&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Notable French Hindus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main category: <a href="/wiki/Category:French_Hindus" title="Category:French Hindus">French Hindus</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vikash_Dhorasoo" title="Vikash Dhorasoo">Vikash Dhorasoo</a>, a member of the <a href="/wiki/French_football_team" class="mw-redirect" title="French football team">French Football</a> <a href="/wiki/2006_FIFA_World_Cup_squads" title="2006 FIFA World Cup squads">World Cup squad in 2006</a>. He is an ethnic <a href="/wiki/Mauritians_of_Indian_origin" title="Mauritians of Indian origin">Mauritian Indian</a> from the town of <a href="/wiki/Le_Havre" title="Le Havre">Le Havre</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Danielou" class="mw-redirect" title="Alain Danielou">Alain Danielou</a>, a French historian, intellectual, musicologist, Indologist and noted Western convert to <a href="/wiki/Shaivite_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaivite Hinduism">Shaivite Hinduism</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnaud_Desjardins" title="Arnaud Desjardins">Arnaud Desjardins</a>, French journalist, film maker, main disciple of <a href="/wiki/Swami_Prajnanpad" class="mw-redirect" title="Swami Prajnanpad">Swami Prajnanpad</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Gautier" title="François Gautier">François Gautier</a>, French journalist, settled in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and Western convert to <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bapi_Das_Baul" title="Bapi Das Baul">Bapi Das Baul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bengali_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali music">Bengali folk musician</a>, born in <a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a> and settled in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bollozzou_Bassavalingam" title="Bollozzou Bassavalingam">Bollozzou Bassavalingam</a>, Poet and writer, born in <a href="/wiki/Yanam" title="Yanam">Yanam</a> and settled in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayasri_Burman" title="Jayasri Burman">Jayasri Burman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_Burman" title="Maya Burman">Maya Burman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakti_Burman" title="Sakti Burman">Sakti Burman</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Famous_Hindu_Temples">Famous Hindu Temples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_France&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Famous Hindu Temples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_temples_in_France" title="List of Hindu temples in France">List of Hindu temples in France</a></div> <ul><li>Sri Sathya Narayana Padhuga Temple, 6-8 Avenue Anatole France, 94600 Choisy-le-Roi, France<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Temple Ganesh, 17 Rue Pajol, 75018 Paris, France</li> <li>Radha Krishna Temple, 230 Avenue de la Division Leclerc, 95200 Sarcelles, France<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_France&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_by_country" title="Hinduism by country">Hinduism by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_France" title="Religion in France">Religion in France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_France" title="Demographics of France">Demographics of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indians_in_France" title="Indians in France">Indians in France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_France" title="Freedom of religion in France">Freedom of religion in France</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_France&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_France&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/european-countries-with-the-highest-number-of-hindus-2010-to-2050.html">"European Countries With The Highest Number Of Hindus: 2010 To 2050"</a>. <i>WorldAtlas</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-06-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=WorldAtlas&amp;rft.atitle=European+Countries+With+The+Highest+Number+Of+Hindus%3A+2010+To+2050&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldatlas.com%2Farticles%2Feuropean-countries-with-the-highest-number-of-hindus-2010-to-2050.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHinduism+in+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrouilletVoix2020" class="citation book cs1">Trouillet, Pierre-Yves; Voix, Raphaël (2020-07-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789004432284/BP000048.xml"><i>Hinduism in France</i></a>. Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-43228-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-43228-4"><bdi>978-90-04-43228-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Hinduism+in+France&amp;rft.pub=Brill&amp;rft.date=2020-07-07&amp;rft.isbn=978-90-04-43228-4&amp;rft.aulast=Trouillet&amp;rft.aufirst=Pierre-Yves&amp;rft.au=Voix%2C+Rapha%C3%ABl&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fview%2Fbook%2Fedcoll%2F9789004432284%2FBP000048.xml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHinduism+in+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ekattor.tv/news/article?&amp;article_id=32487">"ফ্রান্সজুড়ে ১২টি মণ্ডপে পূজা পাচ্ছেন দেবী দুর্গা"</a>. <i>Ekattor TV</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Ekattor+TV&amp;rft.atitle=%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87+%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%A8%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF+%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87+%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE+%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8+%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%80+%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fekattor.tv%2Fnews%2Farticle%3F%26article_id%3D32487&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHinduism+in+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerger2013" class="citation web cs1">Berger, Nicole (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/items/5d6b54ed-d119-4191-a4e7-67615cc3745b">"The Annual Ganesh Festival in Paris as Urban Sensorium: Walking in the City in a Tamil Hindu Ritual Procession"</a>. University of Hawaii at Manoa Center for South Asian Studies<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Annual+Ganesh+Festival+in+Paris+as+Urban+Sensorium%3A+Walking+in+the+City+in+a+Tamil+Hindu+Ritual+Procession&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+at+Manoa+Center+for+South+Asian+Studies&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.aulast=Berger&amp;rft.aufirst=Nicole&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu%2Fitems%2F5d6b54ed-d119-4191-a4e7-67615cc3745b&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHinduism+in+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sortiraparis.com/en/what-to-visit-in-paris/walks/articles/42445-ganesh-festival-at-paris-2023-the-parade-arrives-this-sunday#:~:text=Like%20every%20year%2C%20the%20Parisian,">with%20that%20of%20an%20elephant. "GANESH FESTIVAL AT PARIS 2023: THE PARADE ARRIVES THIS SUNDAY!"</a>. Rizhlaine de Sortiraparis. August 24, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=GANESH+FESTIVAL+AT+PARIS+2023%3A+THE+PARADE+ARRIVES+THIS+SUNDAY%21&amp;rft.pub=Rizhlaine+de+Sortiraparis&amp;rft.date=2023-08-24&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sortiraparis.com%2Fen%2Fwhat-to-visit-in-paris%2Fwalks%2Farticles%2F42445-ganesh-festival-at-paris-2023-the-parade-arrives-this-sunday%23%3A~%3Atext%3DLike%2520every%2520year%252C%2520the%2520Parisian%2C+with%2520that%2520of%2520an%2520elephant.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHinduism+in+France" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Check <code class="cs1-code">&#124;url=</code> value (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bad_url" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldmap.org/uploads/9/3/4/4/9344303/martinique_profile.pdf">"Martinique"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>World Maps</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=World+Maps&amp;rft.atitle=Martinique&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldmap.org%2Fuploads%2F9%2F3%2F4%2F4%2F9344303%2Fmartinique_profile.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHinduism+in+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/french-guiana#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&amp;affiliations_year=2010">"Religions in French Guiana | PEW-GRF"</a>. <i>www.globalreligiousfutures.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-06-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.globalreligiousfutures.org&amp;rft.atitle=Religions+in+French+Guiana+%7C+PEW-GRF&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalreligiousfutures.org%2Fcountries%2Ffrench-guiana%23%2F%3Faffiliations_religion_id%3D0%26affiliations_year%3D2010&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHinduism+in+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Routledge-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Routledge_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeenanLamontagne2014" class="citation book cs1">Heenan, Patrick; Lamontagne, Monique, eds. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tMG2AgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA318"><i>The South America Handbook</i></a>. Routledge. p.&#160;318. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135973216" title="Special:BookSources/9781135973216"><bdi>9781135973216</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+South+America+Handbook&amp;rft.pages=318&amp;rft.pub=Routledge&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.isbn=9781135973216&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtMG2AgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA318&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHinduism+in+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100821114441/http://indiandiaspora.nic.in/diasporapdf/chapter6.pdf">"Indian diaspora"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Indian+diaspora&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findiandiaspora.nic.in%2Fdiasporapdf%2Fchapter6.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHinduism+in+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-religiousintelligence-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-religiousintelligence_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071013201658/http://www.religiousintelligence.co.uk/country/?CountryID=151">"Country Profile: Reunion (Department of Reunion)"</a>. Archived from the original on 13 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Country+Profile%3A+Reunion+%28Department+of+Reunion%29&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.religiousintelligence.co.uk%2Fcountry%2F%3FCountryID%3D151&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHinduism+in+France" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Tsqua-r16i4C&amp;pg=PA412"><i>Peoples of Africa: Réunion-Somalia</i></a>. Marshall Cavendish. 2001. pp.&#160;412–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-7166-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-7166-0"><bdi>978-0-7614-7166-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Peoples+of+Africa%3A+R%C3%A9union-Somalia&amp;rft.pages=412-&amp;rft.pub=Marshall+Cavendish&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7614-7166-0&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTsqua-r16i4C%26pg%3DPA412&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHinduism+in+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.religion-facts.com/en/191">"RELIGIONS IN GUADELOUPE"</a>. <i>www.religion-facts.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-06-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.religion-facts.com&amp;rft.atitle=RELIGIONS+IN+GUADELOUPE&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.religion-facts.com%2Fen%2F191&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHinduism+in+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adequatetravel.com/blog/famous-hindu-temple-in-france/">"Famous Hindu Temple in France"</a>. <i>World Tour &amp; Travel Guide, Get Travel Tips, Information, Discover Travel Destination | Adequate Travel</i>. 2018-11-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=World+Tour+%26+Travel+Guide%2C+Get+Travel+Tips%2C+Information%2C+Discover+Travel+Destination+%7C+Adequate+Travel&amp;rft.atitle=Famous+Hindu+Temple+in+France&amp;rft.date=2018-11-15&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adequatetravel.com%2Fblog%2Ffamous-hindu-temple-in-france%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHinduism+in+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_sources">Further sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_France&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section: Further sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHorowitz1963" class="citation journal cs1">Horowitz, Michael M. (1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3772865">"The Worship of South Indian Deities in Martinique"</a>. <i>Ethnology</i>. <b>2</b> (3): 339–346. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3772865">10.2307/3772865</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0014-1828">0014-1828</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3772865">3772865</a>.</cite><span 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.navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aum_Om_red.svg/18px-Aum_Om_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aum_Om_red.svg/28px-Aum_Om_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aum_Om_red.svg/37px-Aum_Om_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="367" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hinduism" title="Portal:Hinduism">Hinduism</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/21px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/32px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/42px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:France" title="Portal:France">France</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_religion_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" 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abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hinduism_in_Europe" title="Template:Hinduism in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hinduism_in_Europe" title="Template talk:Hinduism in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hinduism_in_Europe" 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Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Belarus" title="Hinduism in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Belgium" title="Hinduism in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Bulgaria" title="Hinduism in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Croatia" title="Hinduism in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Hinduism in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Denmark" title="Hinduism in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Estonia" title="Hinduism in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Finland" title="Hinduism in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Germany" title="Hinduism in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Greece" title="Hinduism in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Hungary" title="Hinduism in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Hinduism in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Italy" title="Hinduism in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Kazakhstan" title="Hinduism in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_Latvia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinduism in Latvia (page does not exist)">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Liechtenstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Lithuania" title="Hinduism in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Luxembourg" title="Hinduism in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Malta" title="Hinduism in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Moldova" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Monaco" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_the_Netherlands" title="Hinduism in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_North_Macedonia" title="Hinduism in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Norway" title="Hinduism in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Poland" title="Hinduism in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Portugal" title="Hinduism in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Romania" title="Hinduism in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Russia" title="Hinduism in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_San_Marino&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinduism in San Marino (page does not exist)">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Slovakia" title="Hinduism in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Slovenia" title="Hinduism in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Spain" title="Hinduism in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Sweden" title="Hinduism in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Switzerland" title="Hinduism in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Turkey" title="Hinduism in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Ukraine" title="Hinduism in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Hinduism in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_England" title="Hinduism in England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Hinduism in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Scotland" title="Hinduism in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Wales" title="Hinduism in Wales">Wales</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Abkhazia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism in Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_Northern_Cyprus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinduism in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_South_Ossetia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinduism in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Transnistria" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism in Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_%C3%85land&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinduism in Åland (page does not exist)">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_the_Faroe_Islands&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinduism in the Faroe Islands (page does not exist)">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Gibraltar" title="Hinduism in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_Guernsey&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinduism in Guernsey (page does not exist)">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_the_Isle_of_Man&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinduism in the Isle of Man (page does not exist)">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_Jersey&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinduism in Jersey (page does not exist)">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_Svalbard&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinduism in Svalbard (page does not exist)">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐6696b4cc84‐pvgv6 Cached time: 20241122144034 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.687 seconds Real time usage: 1.249 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 12852/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 71324/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 8228/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 17/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 65840/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.374/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5974805/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1128.839 1 -total 23.49% 265.109 1 Template:Hinduism_in_Europe 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