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<span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>The three different locations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-The_three_different_locations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle The three different locations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-The_three_different_locations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lower_Eastern_Hill_(City_of_David)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lower_Eastern_Hill_(City_of_David)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Lower Eastern Hill (City of David)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lower_Eastern_Hill_(City_of_David)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Upper_Eastern_Hill_(Temple_Mount)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Upper_Eastern_Hill_(Temple_Mount)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Upper Eastern Hill (Temple Mount)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Upper_Eastern_Hill_(Temple_Mount)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Western_Hill_(today's_Mount_Zion)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Western_Hill_(today's_Mount_Zion)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Western Hill (today's Mount Zion)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Western_Hill_(today's_Mount_Zion)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History_since_the_Late_Roman_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_since_the_Late_Roman_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History since the Late Roman period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_since_the_Late_Roman_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biblical_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biblical_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Biblical references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biblical_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Landmarks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Landmarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Landmarks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Landmarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archaeology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaeology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Archaeology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archaeology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mount Zion</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 56 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">56 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%B5%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="جبل صهيون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جبل صهيون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sion_da%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Sion dağı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sion dağı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%DB%8C" title="صهیون داغی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="صهیون داغی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukid_Sion" title="Bukid Sion – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Bukid Sion" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Цион – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Цион" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menez_Sion" title="Menez Sion – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Menez Sion" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Si%C3%B3" title="Mont Sió – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mont Sió" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Сион – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сион" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Zion_(bungtod_sa_Israel)" title="Mount Zion (bungtod sa Israel) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Mount Zion (bungtod sa Israel)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sij%C3%B3n" title="Sijón – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sijón" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zionbjerget" title="Zionbjerget – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Zionbjerget" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berg_Zion" title="Berg Zion – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Berg Zion" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%8C%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%A3%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Όρος Σιών – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Όρος Σιών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Sion" title="Monte Sion – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Monte Sion" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sion_(mendia)" title="Sion (mendia) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sion (mendia)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%87_%D8%B5%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="کوه صهیون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوه صهیون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Sion" title="Mont Sion – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mont Sion" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sliabh_Zion" title="Sliabh Zion – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sliabh Zion" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Si%C3%B3n" title="Monte Sión – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Monte Sión" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EC%98%A8%EC%82%B0" title="시온산 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시온산" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Սիոն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սիոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cion_(planina)" title="Cion (planina) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Cion (planina)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monto_Cion" title="Monto Cion – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Monto Cion" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunung_Sion" title="Gunung Sion – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gunung Sion" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sion_(monte)" title="Sion (monte) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sion (monte)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A8_%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F" title="הר ציון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הר ציון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%97%E1%83%90" title="სიონის მთა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სიონის მთა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sion" title="Sion – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sion" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sionas_(Jeruzal%C4%97)" title="Sionas (Jeruzalė) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sionas (Jeruzalė)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Сионска Гора – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сионска Гора" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zi%C3%B4na" title="Ziôna – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ziôna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%B5%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="جبل صهيون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جبل صهيون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunung_Sahyun" title="Gunung Sahyun – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gunung Sahyun" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zion" title="Zion – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zion" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%82%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%81%AE%E5%B1%B1" title="シオンの山 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シオンの山" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sionfjellet" title="Sionfjellet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sionfjellet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sionfjellet" title="Sionfjellet – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sionfjellet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%DB%8C%DB%81%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%81%D8%A7%DA%91" title="صیہون پہاڑ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="صیہون پہاڑ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syjon" title="Syjon – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Syjon" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Si%C3%A3o" title="Monte Sião – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Monte Sião" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Сион – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сион" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Zion" title="Mount Zion – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mount Zion" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sion_(gora)" title="Sion (gora) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sion (gora)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Сионска гора – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сионска гора" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siioninvuori" title="Siioninvuori – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Siioninvuori" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sion" title="Sion – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sion" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundok_Sion" title="Bundok Sion – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bundok Sion" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88" title="சீயோன் மலை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சீயோன் மலை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="ภูเขาศิโยน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภูเขาศิโยน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyon_Da%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Siyon Dağı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Siyon Dağı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Сіон – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сіон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%DB%81%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%81%D8%A7%DA%91%DB%8C" title="صہیون پہاڑی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="صہیون پہاڑی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAi_Sion" title="Núi Sion – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Núi Sion" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukid_Sion" title="Bukid Sion – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Bukid Sion" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Mount_Zion&params=31_46_18_N_35_13_43_E_type:mountain_scale:100000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">31°46′18″N</span> <span class="longitude">35°13′43″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">31.77167°N 35.22861°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">31.77167; 35.22861</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Hill in Jerusalem</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Mount_Zion_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Mount Zion (disambiguation)">Mount Zion (disambiguation)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Sion_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Mount Sion (disambiguation)">Mount Sion</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Zion_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Zion (disambiguation)">Zion (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:24.5em; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #E7DCC3;">Mount Zion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader nickname"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1241449095">.mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"Ezra SIL SR","Ezra SIL","SBL Hebrew","Taamey Frank CLM","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Frank Ruehl CLM","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}</style><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">הַר צִיוֹן</span>‎ (<span style="padding-right:0.15em;"><i>Har Tsiyyon</i></span>)<br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">جبل صهيون</span></span> (<span style="padding-right:0.15em;"><i>Jabel Sahyoun</i></span>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding: 0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MtZion_from_Abu_Tor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/MtZion_from_Abu_Tor.jpg/272px-MtZion_from_Abu_Tor.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/MtZion_from_Abu_Tor.jpg/408px-MtZion_from_Abu_Tor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/MtZion_from_Abu_Tor.jpg/544px-MtZion_from_Abu_Tor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2263" data-file-height="1082" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E7DCC3;">Highest point</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Summit" title="Summit">Elevation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">765 m (2,510 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Mount_Zion&params=31_46_18_N_35_13_43_E_type:mountain_scale:100000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">31°46′18″N</span> <span class="longitude">35°13′43″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">31.77167°N 35.22861°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">31.77167; 35.22861</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E7DCC3;">Geography</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.5em 0.2em;"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:272px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:272px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:272px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_location_map_without_titles.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Mount Zion is located in Jerusalem"><img alt="Mount Zion is located in Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Jerusalem_location_map_without_titles.png/272px-Jerusalem_location_map_without_titles.png" decoding="async" width="272" height="401" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Jerusalem_location_map_without_titles.png/408px-Jerusalem_location_map_without_titles.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Jerusalem_location_map_without_titles.png/544px-Jerusalem_location_map_without_titles.png 2x" data-file-width="589" data-file-height="868" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:63.69%;left:74.396%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Mount Zion"><img alt="Mount Zion" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg/16px-Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg/24px-Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg/32px-Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="240" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:9px"><div>Mount Zion</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within Jerusalem</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Jerusalem</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:272px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:272px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:272px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_Old_City_location_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Mount Zion is located in Jerusalem"><img alt="Mount Zion is located in Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Jerusalem_Old_City_location_map.png/272px-Jerusalem_Old_City_location_map.png" decoding="async" width="272" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Jerusalem_Old_City_location_map.png/408px-Jerusalem_Old_City_location_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Jerusalem_Old_City_location_map.png/544px-Jerusalem_Old_City_location_map.png 2x" data-file-width="2771" data-file-height="3391" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:92.132%;left:27.557%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Mount Zion"><img alt="Mount Zion" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg/16px-Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg/24px-Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg/32px-Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="240" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:9px"><div>Mount Zion</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location just south of the <a href="/wiki/Old_City_(Jerusalem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Old City (Jerusalem)">Old City</a> of Jerusalem</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Jerusalem</span></div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Mountain_range" title="Mountain range"><span class="nowrap">Parent range</span></a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Judean_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Judean Mountains">Judean</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mount Zion</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">הַר צִיּוֹן</span>, <i>Har Ṣīyyōn</i>; <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">جبل صهيون</span>, <i>Jabal Sahyoun</i>) is a <a href="/wiki/Hill" title="Hill">hill</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>, located just outside the walls of the <a href="/wiki/Old_City_(Jerusalem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Old City (Jerusalem)">Old City</a> to the south. The term Mount Zion has been used in the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a> first for the <a href="/wiki/City_of_David_(historic)" class="mw-redirect" title="City of David (historic)">City of David</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=2%20Samuel%205:7&version=nrsv">2 Samuel 5:7</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=1%20Chronicles%2011:5&version=nrsv">1 Chronicles 11:5</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=1%20Kings%208:1&version=nrsv">1 Kings 8:1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=2%20Chronicles%205:2&version=nrsv">2 Chronicles 5:2</a>) and later for the <a href="/wiki/Temple_Mount" title="Temple Mount">Temple Mount</a>, but its meaning has shifted and it is now used as the name of ancient Jerusalem's Western Hill.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixner_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixner-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a wider sense, the term <b>Zion</b> is also used for the entire <a href="/wiki/Land_of_Israel" title="Land of Israel">Land of Israel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Zion&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Etymology" title="Etymology">etymology</a> of the word <i><a href="/wiki/Zion" title="Zion">Zion</a></i> is uncertain.<sup id="cite_ref-Brileyp49_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brileyp49-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Longmanp936_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Longmanp936-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bromileyp1006_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bromileyp1006-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mentioned in the Bible in the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Samuel" class="mw-redirect" title="Book of Samuel">Book of Samuel</a> (2 Samuel 5:7) as the name of the <a href="/wiki/Jebusite" class="mw-redirect" title="Jebusite">Jebusite</a> fortress conquered by <a href="/wiki/King_David" class="mw-redirect" title="King David">King David</a>, its origin likely predates the <a href="/wiki/Israelite" class="mw-redirect" title="Israelite">Israelites</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Brileyp49_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brileyp49-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Longmanp936_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Longmanp936-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If <a href="/wiki/Semitic_languages" title="Semitic languages">Semitic</a>, it may be associated with the Hebrew root <i>ṣiyyôn</i> ("castle"). Though not spoken in <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> until 1,700 years later, the name is similar in <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a> and may be connected to the root <i>ṣiyya</i> ("dry land") or the Arabic <i>šanā</i> ("protect" or "citadel").<sup id="cite_ref-Longmanp936_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Longmanp936-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bromileyp1006_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bromileyp1006-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It might also be related to the Arabic root <i>ṣahî</i> ("ascend to the top") or <i>ṣuhhay</i> ("tower" or "the top of the mountain").<sup id="cite_ref-Bromileyp1006_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bromileyp1006-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A non-Semitic relationship to the <a href="/wiki/Hurrian_language" title="Hurrian language">Hurrian</a> word <i>šeya</i> ("river" or "brook") has also been suggested.<sup id="cite_ref-Bromileyp1006_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bromileyp1006-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_Dormitio_Church_BW_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Jerusalem_Dormitio_Church_BW_1.JPG/300px-Jerusalem_Dormitio_Church_BW_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Jerusalem_Dormitio_Church_BW_1.JPG/450px-Jerusalem_Dormitio_Church_BW_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Jerusalem_Dormitio_Church_BW_1.JPG/600px-Jerusalem_Dormitio_Church_BW_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>View of Mount Zion from the <a href="/wiki/Mount_of_Olives" title="Mount of Olives">Mount of Olives</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MountZionMay062023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/MountZionMay062023.jpg/300px-MountZionMay062023.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/MountZionMay062023.jpg/450px-MountZionMay062023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/MountZionMay062023.jpg/600px-MountZionMay062023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3004" data-file-height="2004" /></a><figcaption>View of Mount Zion from west</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Sahyun</i> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">صهيون</span>, <i>Ṣahyūn</i> or <i>Ṣihyūn</i>) is the word for Zion in Arabic and <a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PEFp21_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PEFp21-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A valley called <i>Wâdi Sahyûn</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Wadi" title="Wadi">wadi</a></i> being the Arabic for "valley") seemingly preserves the name and is located approximately one and three-quarter miles (2.8 km) from the <a href="/wiki/Old_City_of_Jerusalem" title="Old City of Jerusalem">Old City of Jerusalem</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Jaffa_Gate" title="Jaffa Gate">Jaffa Gate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PEFp21_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PEFp21-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The phrase <i>Har Tzion</i>, lit. "Mount Zion", appears nine times in the <a href="/wiki/Tanakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanakh">Tanakh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_three_different_locations">The three different locations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Zion&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The three different locations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_Tomb_of_David_BW_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Jerusalem_Tomb_of_David_BW_1.JPG/150px-Jerusalem_Tomb_of_David_BW_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Jerusalem_Tomb_of_David_BW_1.JPG/225px-Jerusalem_Tomb_of_David_BW_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Jerusalem_Tomb_of_David_BW_1.JPG/300px-Jerusalem_Tomb_of_David_BW_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3872" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/David%27s_Tomb" title="David's Tomb">David's Tomb</a> on Mount Zion</figcaption></figure> <p>The name <i>Mount Zion</i> referred successively to three locations, as Jerusalemites preserved the time-honoured name, but shifted the location they venerated as the focal point of biblical Jerusalem to the site considered most appropriate in their own time. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lower_Eastern_Hill_(City_of_David)"><span id="Lower_Eastern_Hill_.28City_of_David.29"></span>Lower Eastern Hill (City of David)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Zion&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Lower Eastern Hill (City of David)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At first, Mount Zion was the name given to the <a href="/wiki/Jebusite" class="mw-redirect" title="Jebusite">Jebusite</a> fortified city on the lower part of ancient Jerusalem's Eastern Hill, also known as the <a href="/wiki/City_of_David_(historic)" class="mw-redirect" title="City of David (historic)">City of David</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixner_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixner-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Samuel" class="mw-redirect" title="Book of Samuel">Book of Samuel</a>, Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the "stronghold of Zion" that was conquered by <a href="/wiki/King_David" class="mw-redirect" title="King David">King David</a>, then renamed and partially rebuilt by him as the "City of David", where he erected his <a href="/wiki/David%27s_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="David's Palace">palace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixner_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixner-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Upper_Eastern_Hill_(Temple_Mount)"><span id="Upper_Eastern_Hill_.28Temple_Mount.29"></span>Upper Eastern Hill (Temple Mount)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Zion&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Upper Eastern Hill (Temple Mount)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Once the <a href="/wiki/Temple_in_Jerusalem#First_or_Solomon.27s_Temple" title="Temple in Jerusalem">First Temple</a> was erected at the top of the Eastern Hill, the name "Mount Zion" migrated there too.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixner_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixner-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the conquest of the Jebusite city, its built-up area expanded northward towards the uppermost part of the same, Eastern Hill. This highest part became the site of <a href="/wiki/Solomon%27s_Temple" title="Solomon's Temple">Solomon's Temple</a>. </p><p>The identification of the pre-Israelite (Jebusite) and Israelite towns on the Eastern Hill is based on the existence of only one perennial water source in the area, the <a href="/wiki/Gihon_Spring" title="Gihon Spring">Gihon Spring</a>, and on archaeological excavations revealing sections of the Bronze Age and Iron Age city walls and water systems.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixner_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixner-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Harel193_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harel193-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The "Mount Zion" mentioned in the later parts of the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Isaiah" title="Book of Isaiah">Book of Isaiah</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Isaiah%2060:14&version=nrsv">Isaiah 60:14</a>), in the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Psalms" class="mw-redirect" title="Book of Psalms">Book of Psalms</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/First_Book_of_Maccabees" class="mw-redirect" title="First Book of Maccabees">First Book of Maccabees</a> (c. 2nd century BCE; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=1%20Maccabees%204:36–38&version=nrsvae">1 Maccabees 4:36–38</a>) seems to refer to the top of the hill, generally known as the <a href="/wiki/Temple_Mount" title="Temple Mount">Temple Mount</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixner_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixner-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Western_Hill_(today's_Mount_Zion)"><span id="Western_Hill_.28today.27s_Mount_Zion.29"></span>Western Hill (today's Mount Zion)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Zion&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Western Hill (today's Mount Zion)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JerusalemTopography.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/JerusalemTopography.png/220px-JerusalemTopography.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/JerusalemTopography.png/330px-JerusalemTopography.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/JerusalemTopography.png/440px-JerusalemTopography.png 2x" data-file-width="551" data-file-height="702" /></a><figcaption>Natural topography of the old city of Jerusalem and its surroundings</figcaption></figure> <p>The last shift of the name Mount Zion was to the Western Hill, which is more dominant than the Eastern Hill and seemed to first-century CE Jerusalemites the worthier location for the by-then lost palace of King David. The Western Hill is what today is called Mount Zion.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixner_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixner-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the second half of the First Temple period, the city expanded westward and its defensive walls were extended to include the entire Western Hill behind them.<sup id="cite_ref-Harel272_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harel272-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_II" title="Nebuchadnezzar II">Nebuchadnezzar II</a> destroyed the city almost completely around <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(587_BC)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (587 BC)">586 BCE</a>, severing the continuity of historical memory. A long period of rebuilding followed, ending with Jerusalem's second <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(AD_70)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Jerusalem (AD 70)">total destruction</a> at the hands of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Romans</a> in 70 CE. <a href="/wiki/Josephus" title="Josephus">Josephus</a>, the first-century CE historian who knew the city as it was before this second catastrophic event, identified Mount Zion as being the Western Hill, separated from the lower, Eastern Hill, by what he calls the "<a href="/wiki/Tyropoeon_Valley" title="Tyropoeon Valley">Tyropoeon Valley</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Pixner_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixner-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It must however be said that Josephus never used the name "Mount Zion" in any of his writings, but described the "Citadel" of King David as being situated on the higher and longer hill, thus pointing at the Western Hill as what the Bible calls Mount Zion.<sup id="cite_ref-Wars_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wars-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_since_the_Late_Roman_period">History since the Late Roman period</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Zion&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: History since the Late Roman period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the end of the Roman period, a synagogue was built at the entrance of the structure known as David's Tomb, probably based on the belief that David brought the <a href="/wiki/Ark_of_the_Covenant" title="Ark of the Covenant">Ark of the Covenant</a> here from <a href="/wiki/Beit_Shemesh" title="Beit Shemesh">Beit Shemesh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Ye%27arim" title="Kiryat Ye'arim">Kiryat Ye'arim</a> before the construction of the Temple.<sup id="cite_ref-Harel273_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harel273-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/1948_Palestine_war" title="1948 Palestine war">1948 war</a>, Mount Zion was conquered by the <a href="/wiki/Harel_Brigade" title="Harel Brigade">Harel Brigade</a> on May 18, 1948, and became the only part of the Old City to stay in Israeli hands until the armistice. At first it was linked to the Jewish neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/Yemin_Moshe" title="Yemin Moshe">Yemin Moshe</a> across the <a href="/wiki/Valley_of_Hinnom" class="mw-redirect" title="Valley of Hinnom">Valley of Hinnom</a> via a narrow tunnel, but eventually an alternative was needed to evacuate the wounded and transport supplies to soldiers on Mount Zion. A cable car capable of carrying a load of 250 kilograms was designed for this purpose. The cable car was only used at night and lowered into the valley during the day to escape detection; it is still in place at what is now the Mount Zion Hotel. The ride from the Israeli position at the St. John Eye Hospital to Mount Zion took two minutes.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1948 and 1967, when the Old City was under <a href="/wiki/Jordanian_annexation_of_the_West_Bank" title="Jordanian annexation of the West Bank">Jordanian rule</a>, Israelis were forbidden access to the Jewish holy places. Mount Zion was a designated no-man's land between Israel and Jordan.<sup id="cite_ref-Bar-Am_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bar-Am-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mount Zion was the closest accessible site to the ancient <a href="/wiki/Temple_in_Jerusalem" title="Temple in Jerusalem">Jewish Temple</a>. Until East Jerusalem was captured by Israel in the <a href="/wiki/Six-Day_War" title="Six-Day War">Six-Day War</a>, Israelis would climb to the rooftop of <a href="/wiki/David%27s_Tomb" title="David's Tomb">David's Tomb</a> to pray.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winding road leading up to Mount Zion is known as Pope's Way (<i>Derekh Ha'apifyor</i>). In his Epistle to the Romans, Paul noted: “Happy is he whose conscience does not condemn him in that which he allows” (Romans 14:22) It was paved in honor of the historic visit to Jerusalem of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a> in 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-Bar-Am_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bar-Am-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biblical_references">Biblical references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Zion&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Biblical references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abendmahlssaal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Abendmahlssaal.jpg/150px-Abendmahlssaal.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Abendmahlssaal.jpg/225px-Abendmahlssaal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Abendmahlssaal.jpg/300px-Abendmahlssaal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Room_of_the_Last_Supper" class="mw-redirect" title="Room of the Last Supper">Room of the Last Supper</a> on Mount Zion</figcaption></figure> <p>The Tanakh reference to <i>Har Tzion</i> (Mount Tzion) that identifies its location is derived from the Psalm 48 composed by the sons of <a href="/wiki/Korah" title="Korah">Korah</a>, i.e. Levites, as "the northern side of the city of the great king", which <a href="/wiki/Radak" class="mw-redirect" title="Radak">Radak</a> interprets as the <a href="/wiki/City_of_David_(historic)" class="mw-redirect" title="City of David (historic)">City of David</a> "from the City of David, which is Zion (1 Kings 8:1–2; 2 Chron. 5:2)".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2 Samuel 5:7 also reads, "David took the strong hold of Zion: the same is the city of David," which identifies Mount Tzion as part of the City of David, and not an area outside today's Old City of Jerusalem. <a href="/wiki/Rashi" title="Rashi">Rashi</a> identifies the location as the source of "joy" mentioned in the Psalm as the <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Solomon" class="mw-redirect" title="Temple of Solomon">Temple Courtyard</a>, the location of atonement offerings in the northern part of the <a href="/wiki/Temple_Mount" title="Temple Mount">Temple complex</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the New Testament, Mount Zion is used metaphorically to refer to the heavenly Jerusalem, God's holy, eternal city. Christians are said to have "come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, to an innumerable company of angels, to the general assembly and church of the firstborn who are registered in heaven" (Hebrews 12:22–23, cf. Revelation 14:1). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Landmarks">Landmarks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Zion&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Landmarks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pope%27s_Road_leading_up_to_Mount_Zion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Pope%27s_Road_leading_up_to_Mount_Zion.jpg/250px-Pope%27s_Road_leading_up_to_Mount_Zion.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Pope%27s_Road_leading_up_to_Mount_Zion.jpg/375px-Pope%27s_Road_leading_up_to_Mount_Zion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Pope%27s_Road_leading_up_to_Mount_Zion.jpg/500px-Pope%27s_Road_leading_up_to_Mount_Zion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="567" /></a><figcaption>Derekh Ha'Apifyor (Pope's Way) leading up to Mount Zion, so named by the Israeli government in honor of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a>'s historic visit to Israel in 1964</figcaption></figure> <p>Important sites on Mount Zion are <a href="/wiki/Dormition_Abbey" class="mw-redirect" title="Dormition Abbey">Dormition Abbey</a>, the Armenian <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Monastery_of_Saint_Saviour_(Jerusalem)" title="Armenian Monastery of Saint Saviour (Jerusalem)">Monastery of St. Saviour</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_David%27s_Tomb" class="mw-redirect" title="King David's Tomb">King David's Tomb</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Room_of_the_Last_Supper" class="mw-redirect" title="Room of the Last Supper">Room of the Last Supper</a>. Most historians and archeologists today do not regard "David's Tomb" there to be the actual burial place of <a href="/wiki/King_David" class="mw-redirect" title="King David">King David</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_the_Holocaust" title="Chamber of the Holocaust">Chamber of the Holocaust</a> (<i>Martef HaShoah</i>), the precursor of <a href="/wiki/Yad_Vashem" title="Yad Vashem">Yad Vashem</a>, is also located on Mount Zion. Another place of interest is the Catholic cemetery where <a href="/wiki/Oskar_Schindler" title="Oskar Schindler">Oskar Schindler</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Righteous_Among_the_Nations" title="Righteous Among the Nations">Righteous Gentile</a> who saved the lives of 1,200 Jews in the <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">Holocaust</a>, is buried.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Notable burials in the <a href="/wiki/Mount_Zion_Cemetery,_Jerusalem" title="Mount Zion Cemetery, Jerusalem">Protestant cemetery on Mt. Zion</a> include a number of prominent individuals from the 19th and 20th centuries. These include explorers and archaeologists such as: <a href="/wiki/Flinders_Petrie" title="Flinders Petrie">Flinders Petrie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Frederick_Tyrwhitt_Drake" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Frederick Tyrwhitt Drake">Charles Frederick Tyrwhitt Drake</a>, James Duncan, <a href="/wiki/Clarence_Stanley_Fisher" title="Clarence Stanley Fisher">Clarence Stanley Fisher</a>, Charles Lambert and <a href="/wiki/James_Leslie_Starkey" title="James Leslie Starkey">James Leslie Starkey</a>; the architect <a href="/wiki/Conrad_Schick" title="Conrad Schick">Conrad Schick</a>; and pioneers in the fields of medicine, education, religion, diplomacy and social services such as <a href="/wiki/J._E._Hanauer" title="J. E. Hanauer">James Edward Hanauer</a>, Ernest Masterman, <a href="/wiki/Hans_Nicolajsen" title="Hans Nicolajsen">John Nicholayson</a>, Paul Palmer, <a href="/wiki/Max_Sandreczky" title="Max Sandreczky">Max Sandreczky</a>, Johann Ludwig Schneller, <a href="/wiki/Horatio_Spafford" title="Horatio Spafford">Horatio G. Spafford</a>, author of the hymn <i><a href="/wiki/It_Is_Well_with_My_Soul" title="It Is Well with My Soul">It Is Well With My Soul</a></i>. Also buried in the cemetery are G. Douglas Young, founder of <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_University_College" title="Jerusalem University College">Jerusalem University College</a>, and his wife Georgina (Snook) Young. The cemetery is also the final resting place for a number of soldiers who fought in the First World War, as well as members of the Palestinian Police who served under the <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">British mandate</a>. Several persons buried here were killed in the <a href="/wiki/King_David_Hotel_bombing" title="King David Hotel bombing">bombing of the King David Hotel</a> on the morning of 22 July 1946. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archaeology">Archaeology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Zion&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Archaeology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1874, an Englishman, Henry Maudsley, discovered a large segment of rock scarp and numerous ancient dressed stones on Mount Zion that were believed to be the base of Josephus's First Wall. Several of these stones were used to construct a retaining wall outside the main gate of the Bishop Gobat school (later known as the American Institute of Holy Land Studies and Jerusalem University College).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Zion&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zion_Gate" title="Zion Gate">Zion Gate</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Zion&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Pixner-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pixner_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixner_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixner_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixner_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixner_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixner_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixner_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixner_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBargil_Pixner2010" class="citation book cs1">Bargil Pixner (2010). <a href="/wiki/Rainer_Riesner" title="Rainer Riesner">Rainer Riesner</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bvhA6IE4VqgC&q=zion+canaanite&pg=PA321"><i>Paths of the Messiah</i></a>. Translated by Keith Myrick, Miriam Randall. Ignatius Press. pp. 320–322. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89870-865-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89870-865-3"><bdi>978-0-89870-865-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paths+of+the+Messiah&rft.pages=320-322&rft.pub=Ignatius+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-89870-865-3&rft.au=Bargil+Pixner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbvhA6IE4VqgC%26q%3Dzion%2Bcanaanite%26pg%3DPA321&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Zion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pij.org/details.php?id=647">The Significance of Jerusalem: A Jewish Perspective</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenashe_Harel1977" class="citation book cs1">Menashe Harel (1977). <i>This is Jerusalem</i>. Jerusalem: Canaan Publishing. pp. 194–195.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=This+is+Jerusalem&rft.place=Jerusalem&rft.pages=194-195&rft.pub=Canaan+Publishing&rft.date=1977&rft.au=Menashe+Harel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Zion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brileyp49-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Brileyp49_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brileyp49_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTerry_R._Briley2000" class="citation book cs1">Terry R. Briley (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eq5gFlzMxQgC&q=zion+etymology"><i>Isaiah, Volume 1 - The College Press NIV commentary: Old Testament series</i></a>. College Press. p. 49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89900-890-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89900-890-5"><bdi>978-0-89900-890-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Isaiah%2C+Volume+1+-+The+College+Press+NIV+commentary%3A+Old+Testament+series&rft.pages=49&rft.pub=College+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-89900-890-5&rft.au=Terry+R.+Briley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Deq5gFlzMxQgC%26q%3Dzion%2Betymology&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Zion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Longmanp936-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Longmanp936_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Longmanp936_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Longmanp936_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTremper_Longman,_Peter_Enns2008" class="citation book cs1">Tremper Longman, Peter Enns (2008). Tremper Longman, Peter Enns (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kE2k36XAkv4C&q=zion+etymology&pg=PA936"><i>Dictionary of the Old Testament: wisdom, poetry & writings, Volume 3</i></a> (Illustrated ed.). InterVarsity Press. p. 936. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8308-1783-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8308-1783-2"><bdi>978-0-8308-1783-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+the+Old+Testament%3A+wisdom%2C+poetry+%26+writings%2C+Volume+3&rft.pages=936&rft.edition=Illustrated&rft.pub=InterVarsity+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-8308-1783-2&rft.au=Tremper+Longman%2C+Peter+Enns&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkE2k36XAkv4C%26q%3Dzion%2Betymology%26pg%3DPA936&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Zion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bromileyp1006-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bromileyp1006_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bromileyp1006_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bromileyp1006_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bromileyp1006_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeoffrey_W._Bromiley1982" class="citation book cs1">Geoffrey W. Bromiley (1982). Geoffrey W. Bromiley (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yklDk6Vv0l4C&q=zion+etymology&pg=PA1006"><i>International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: E-J Volume 2</i></a> (Revised ed.). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 1006. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-3782-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-3782-0"><bdi>978-0-8028-3782-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+Standard+Bible+Encyclopedia%3A+E-J+Volume+2&rft.pages=1006&rft.edition=Revised&rft.pub=Wm.+B.+Eerdmans+Publishing&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0-8028-3782-0&rft.au=Geoffrey+W.+Bromiley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyklDk6Vv0l4C%26q%3Dzion%2Betymology%26pg%3DPA1006&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Zion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PEFp21-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PEFp21_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PEFp21_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalestine_Exploration_Fund1977" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Palestine_Exploration_Fund" title="Palestine Exploration Fund">Palestine Exploration Fund</a> (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nodAAQAAIAAJ&q=%22+it+means+%22sunny%2C%22+and+the+proper+equivalent+in+Arabic+or+in+Syriac%2C+according+to+this+same+authority%2C+is+Sahyun%22"><i>Palestine exploration quarterly</i></a>. Published at the Fund's Office. p. 21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Palestine+exploration+quarterly&rft.pages=21&rft.pub=Published+at+the+Fund%27s+Office&rft.date=1977&rft.au=Palestine+Exploration+Fund&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnodAAQAAIAAJ%26q%3D%2522%2Bit%2Bmeans%2B%2522sunny%252C%2522%2Band%2Bthe%2Bproper%2Bequivalent%2Bin%2BArabic%2Bor%2Bin%2BSyriac%252C%2Baccording%2Bto%2Bthis%2Bsame%2Bauthority%252C%2Bis%2BSahyun%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Zion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Responsa Project: Version 13</i>, Bar Ilan University, 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harel193-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Harel193_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenashe_Harel1977" class="citation book cs1">Menashe Harel (1977). <i>This is Jerusalem</i>. Jerusalem: Canaan Publishing. p. 193.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=This+is+Jerusalem&rft.place=Jerusalem&rft.pages=193&rft.pub=Canaan+Publishing&rft.date=1977&rft.au=Menashe+Harel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Zion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harel272-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Harel272_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenashe_Harel1977" class="citation book cs1">Menashe Harel (1977). <i>This is Jerusalem</i>. Jerusalem: Canaan Publishing. p. 272.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=This+is+Jerusalem&rft.place=Jerusalem&rft.pages=272&rft.pub=Canaan+Publishing&rft.date=1977&rft.au=Menashe+Harel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Zion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wars-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wars_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlavius_Josephus" class="citation book cs1">Flavius <a href="/wiki/Josephus" title="Josephus">Josephus</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/2850/2850-h/2850-h.htm#link52HCH0004"><i>The Wars of the Jews or History of the Destruction of Jerusalem</i></a>. Translated by <a href="/wiki/William_Whiston" title="William Whiston">William Whiston</a>. <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2016</span>. <q>The city was built upon two hills, which are opposite to one another, and have a valley to divide them asunder; [...] Of these hills, that which contains the upper city is much higher, and in length more direct. Accordingly, it was called the "Citadel," by king David; [...] Now the Valley of the Cheesemongers, as it was called, and was that which we told you before distinguished the hill of the upper city from that of the lower,... (Book 5, Chapter 4, §1; or V:137)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wars+of+the+Jews+or+History+of+the+Destruction+of+Jerusalem&rft.pub=Project+Gutenberg&rft.au=Flavius+Josephus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Ffiles%2F2850%2F2850-h%2F2850-h.htm%23link52HCH0004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Zion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The genuine works of Flavius Josephus...</i>, translated by William Whiston, Havercamp edition, New York (1810). See footnote on page 83. (<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=online">copy&pg=PA83 Mount Zion</a></i>, p. 83, at <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harel273-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Harel273_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenashe_Harel1977" class="citation book cs1">Menashe Harel (1977). <i>This is Jerusalem</i>. Jerusalem: Canaan Publishing. p. 273.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=This+is+Jerusalem&rft.place=Jerusalem&rft.pages=273&rft.pub=Canaan+Publishing&rft.date=1977&rft.au=Menashe+Harel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Zion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gemsinisrael.com/e_article000003947.htm">Mt. Zion Cable Car</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120813051739/http://www.gemsinisrael.com/e_article000003947.htm">Archived</a> 2012-08-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bar-Am-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bar-Am_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bar-Am_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mysteryofmountzion.com/blog-post-9/">"Cryptogram: The Comprehensive Law structured for Justice"</a>. 2022-05-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-08-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cryptogram%3A+The+Comprehensive+Law+structured+for+Justice&rft.date=2022-05-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmysteryofmountzion.com%2Fblog-post-9%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Zion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Jerusalem Divided: The Armistice Regime, 1947-1967</i>, <a href="/wiki/Raphael_Israeli" title="Raphael Israeli">Raphael Israeli</a>, Routledge, 2002, p. 6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ronald L. Eisenberg, <i>The streets of Jerusalem: who, what, why</i>, Devora Publishing, 2006, p. 169</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Menachem Davis, ed., <i>The Book of Psalms</i>, Mesorah Publications, New York, 2001, p. 128</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRubinstein" class="citation web cs1">Rubinstein, Danny. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/pages/ShArtStEngPE.jhtml?itemNo=883869&contrassID=2&subContrassID=4&title='A%20sign%20points%20to%20the%20grave%20'&dyn_server=172.20.5.5">"A sign points to the grave"</a>. Haaretz.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-10-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+sign+points+to+the+grave&rft.pub=Haaretz.com&rft.aulast=Rubinstein&rft.aufirst=Danny&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fhasen%2Fpages%2FShArtStEngPE.jhtml%3FitemNo%3D883869%26contrassID%3D2%26subContrassID%3D4%26title%3D%27A%2520sign%2520points%2520to%2520the%2520grave%2520%27%26dyn_server%3D172.20.5.5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Zion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPixner1997" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bargil_Pixner" title="Bargil Pixner">Pixner, Bargil</a> (June 1997). <a href="/wiki/Hershel_Shanks" title="Hershel Shanks">Shanks, Hershel</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150119024410/http://www.centuryone.org/essene.html">"Where the Community Lived in Jesus' Time"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biblical_Archaeology_Review" title="Biblical Archaeology Review">Biblical Archaeology Review</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Biblical_Archaeology_Society" title="Biblical Archaeology Society">Biblical Archaeology Society</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.centuryone.org/essene.html">the original</a> on 19 January 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2020</span> – via Jerusalem's Essene Gateway.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biblical+Archaeology+Review&rft.atitle=Where+the+Community+Lived+in+Jesus%27+Time&rft.date=1997-06&rft.aulast=Pixner&rft.aufirst=Bargil&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.centuryone.org%2Fessene.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMount+Zion" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Zion&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" 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